LINER 3433IFE

Final Electrical Specifications
LT3433
High Voltage
Step-Up/Step-Down
DC/DC Converter
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FEATURES
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DESCRIPTION
The LT®3433 is a 200kHz fixed-frequency current mode
switching regulator that provides both step-up and stepdown regulation using a single inductor. The IC operates
over a 4V to 60V input voltage range making it suitable for
use in various wide input voltage range applications such
as automotive electronics that must withstand both load
dump and cold crank conditions.
Automatic Step-Up and Step-Down Conversion
Uses a Single Inductor
Wide 4V to 60V Input Voltage Range
VOUT from 3.3V to 20V
Dual Internal 500mA Switches
100µA No-Load Quiescent Current
Low Current Shutdown
±1% Output Voltage Accuracy
200kHz Operating Frequency
Boosted Supply Pin to Saturate High Side Switch
Frequency Foldback Protection
Current Limit Foldback Protection
Current Limit Unaffected by Duty Cycle
16-lead Thermally Enhanced TSSOP Package
Internal control circuitry monitors system conditions and
converts from single switch buck operation to dual switch
bridged operation when required, seamlessly changing
between step-down and step-up voltage conversion.
Optional Burst Mode® operation reduces no-load quiescent current to 100µA and maintains high efficiencies with
light loads.
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APPLICATIO S
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September 2003
Current limit foldback and frequency foldback help prevent inductor current runaway during start-up. Programmable soft-start helps prevent output overshoot at start-up.
12V Automotive Systems
Wall Adapter Powered Systems
Battery Power Voltage Buffering
The LT3433 is available in a 16-lead thermally enhanced
TSSOP package.
, LTC and LT are registered trademarks of Linear Technology Corporation.
Burst Mode is a registered trademark of Linear Technology Corporation.
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TYPICAL APPLICATIO
4V to 60V to 5V DC/DC Converter
with Burst Mode Operation
VOUT
5V
4V ≤ VIN ≤ 8.5V: 125mA
8.5V ≤ VIN ≤ 60V: 350mA
B160A
B120A
1N4148
SW_L
0.1µF
SW_H
PWRGND
LT3433
VIN
+
VOUT
1N4148
2.2µF
BURST_EN
1nF100pF
VBIAS
0.1µF
SHDN
VC
68k
VFB
100k
0.5%
305k
0.5%
SS
Efficiency
500
47µF
90
VOUT = 5V
MAXIMUM OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)
VBST
VIN
4V TO 60V
Maximum Output
Current vs VIN
BUCK
80
400
VIN = 13.8V
70
EFFICIENCY (%)
L1
100µH
CoEv DU1352-101M
300
200
BRIDGED
60
50
VIN = 4V
40
100
30
SGND
0
0.01µF
3433 TA01
0
10
20
30
VIN (V)
40
50
60
3433 TA01c
20
0.1
10
100
1
OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)
1000
3433 TA01b
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Information furnished by Linear Technology Corporation is believed to be accurate and reliable.
However, no responsibility is assumed for its use. Linear Technology Corporation makes no representation that the interconnection of its circuits as described herein will not infringe on existing patent rights.
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LT3433
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Input Supply (VIN) .................................... –0.3V to 60V
Boosted Supply (VBST) .............. –0.3V to VSW_H + 30V
(VBST(MAX) = 80V)
Internal Supply (VBIAS) ............................. – 0.3V to 30V
SW_H Switch Voltage .................................. – 2V to 60V
SW_L Switch Voltage ............................... – 0.3V to 30V
Feedback Voltage (VFB) ............................... – 0.3V to 5V
Operating Junction Temperature Range (Note 5)
LT3433E (Note 6) ............................ – 40°C to 125°C
LT3433I ........................................... – 40°C to 125°C
Storage Temperature Range ................ – 65°C to 150°C
Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10 sec)................. 300°C
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(Note 1)
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ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
PACKAGE/ORDER INFORMATION
ORDER PART
NUMBER
TOP VIEW
SGND
1
16 SGND
VBST
2
15 SW_L
SW_H
3
14 PWRGND
VIN
4
13 VOUT
BURST_EN
5
12 VBIAS
VC
6
11 SHDN
VFB
7
10 SS
SGND
8
9
17
LT3433EFE
LT3433IFE
FE PART MARKING
SGND
3433EFE
3433IFE
FE PACKAGE
16-LEAD PLASTIC TSSOP
TJMAX = 125°C, θJA = 40°C/W, θJC = 10°C/W
EXPOSED PAD (PIN 17) MUST BE SOLDERED TO SGND
Consult LTC Marketing for parts specified with wider operating temperature ranges.
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
The ● denotes specifications that apply over the full operating temperature range, otherwise specifications are at TA = 25°C.
VIN = 13.8V, VFB = 1.25V, VOUT = 5V, VBURST_EN = 0V, VBST – VIN = 5V, unless otherwise noted.
SYMBOL
PARAMETER
VIN
Operating Voltage Range
VIN(UVLO)
Undervoltage Lockout
CONDITIONS
MIN
●
Enable Threshold
3.4
●
Undervoltage Lockout Hysteresis
VOUT
Operating Voltage Range
VBST
Operating Voltage Range
MAX
UNITS
60
V
3.95
V
160
mV
●
3.3
20
V
VBST < VSW_H + 20V
VBST – VSW_H
●
●
3.3
75
20
V
V
(Notes 2, 3)
VVC < 0.6V
VSHDN < 0.4V
●
●
●
580
100
10
940
190
25
µA
µA
µA
2.6
2.9
V
20
V
IVIN
Normal Operation
Burst Mode Operation
Shutdown
VBIAS
Internal Supply Output Voltage
●
Operating Voltage Range
●
IVBIAS
TYP
4
●
660
0.1
0.1
4.5
990
µA
µA
µA
mA
ISW = 500mA
●
0.8
1.2
Ω
Output Supply Switch On-Resistance
ISW = 500mA
●
0.6
1
Ω
Shutdown Pin Thresholds
Disable
Enable
●
●
1
V
V
Normal Operation
Burst Mode Operation
Shutdown
Short-Circuit Current Limit
VVC < 0.6V
VSHDN < 0.4V
RSWH(ON)
Boost Supply Switch On-Resistance
RSWL(ON)
VSHDN
0.4
IVBST/ISW
Boost Supply Switch Drive Current
High Side Switch On, ISW = 500mA
●
30
50
mA/A
IVOUT/ISW
Output Supply Switch Drive Current
Low Side Switch On, ISW = 500mA
●
30
50
mA/A
ILIM
Switch Current Limit
0.7
0.9
A
Foldback Current Limit
ISS
Soft-Start Output Current
VFB
Feedback Reference Voltage
●
0.5
●
3
5
9
µA
1.224
1.215
1.231
●
1.238
1.245
V
V
VFB = 0V
0.35
A
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LT3433
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
The ● denotes specifications that apply over the full operating temperature range, otherwise specifications are at TA = 25°C.
VIN = 13.8V, VFB = 1.25V, VOUT = 5V, VBURST_EN = 0V, VBST – VIN = 5V, unless otherwise noted.
SYMBOL
PARAMETER
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
∆VFB
Feedback Reference Line Regulation
5.5V ≤ VIN ≤ 60V
IFB
VFB Pin Input Bias Current
●
0.002
0.01
%/V
●
35
100
nA
gm
Error Amplifier Transconductance
●
270
330
umhos
AV
Error Amplifier Voltage Gain
ISW/VVC
Control Voltage to Switch Transconductance
fO
Operating Frequency
200
VFB > 1V
185
170
●
66
dB
0.55
A/V
200
215
230
kHz
kHz
Foldback Frequency
VFB = 0V
tON(MIN)
Minimum Switch On Time
RL = 35Ω (Note 4)
●
250
450
ns
tOFF(MIN)
Minimum Switch Off Time
RL = 35Ω (Note 4)
●
500
800
ns
Note 1: Absolute Maximum Ratings are those values beyond which the life
of a device may be impaired.
Note 2: Supply current specification does not include switch drive
currents. Actual supply currents will be higher.
Note 3: “Normal Operation” supply current specification does not include
IBIAS currents. Powering the VBIAS pin externally reduces ICC supply
current.
Note 4: Minimum times are tested using the high side switch with a 35Ω
load to ground.
50
kHz
Note 5: This IC includes overtemperature protection that is intended to
protect the device during momentary overload conditions. Junction
temperature will exceed 125°C when overtemperature protection is active.
Continuous operation above the specified maximum operating junction
temperature may impair device reliability.
Note 6: The LT3433E is guaranteed to meet performance specifications
from 0°C to 125°C junction temperature. Specifications over the – 40°C to
125°C operating junction temperature range are assured by design,
characterization and correlation with statistical process controls. The
LT3433I is guaranteed over the full –40°C to 125°C operating junction
temperature range.
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TYPICAL PERFOR A CE CHARACTERISTICS
Maximum Output Current
vs VIN
VBIAS Output Voltage
vs Temperature
VIN Supply Current
vs VIN Supply Voltage
620
2.8
500
TA = 25°C
BUCK
300
200
BRIDGED
100
0
SEE TYPICAL APPLICATION
ON THE FIRST PAGE OF
THIS DATA SHEET
0
10
20
30
VIN (V)
40
50
60
3433 G11
590
2.6
IVIN (µA)
400
VBIAS OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
MAXIMUM OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)
VOUT = 5V
560
2.4
530
2.2
–50
500
0
50
TEMPERATURE (°C)
100
125
3433 G01
0
15
30
VIN (V)
45
60
3433 G02
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LT3433
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TYPICAL PERFOR A CE CHARACTERISTICS
Error Amp Reference
vs Temperature
Soft-Start Current vs Temperature
7.0
Switch Current Limit vs VFB
1.232
700
ERROR AMP REFERENCE (V)
ISS (µA)
6.0
5.5
5.0
SWITCH CURRENT LIMIT (mA)
TA = 25°C
6.5
1.231
1.230
1.229
4.5
4.0
–50
0
50
TEMPERATURE (°C)
100
1.228
–50
125
500
400
300
0
50
TEMPERATURE (°C)
100
3433 G03
125
0.2
0
0.6
0.4
VFB (V)
1.0
Switch Current Limit
vs Temperature
Oscillator Frequency vs VFB
210
0.8
3433 G05
3433 G04
Oscillator Frequency
vs Temperature
750
200
TA = 25°C
205
200
195
190
–50
0
50
TEMPERATURE (°C)
100
150
CURRENT LIMIT (mA)
OSCILLATOR FREQUENCY (kHz)
OSCILLATOR FREQUENCY (kHz)
600
100
125
50
0
0.2
0
3433 G06
0.6
0.4
VFB (V)
0.8
725
700
675
650
–50
1.0
0
50
TEMPERATURE (°C)
Maximum Output Supply Switch
Drive Current vs Output Supply
Voltage
70
70
65
65
IVOUT/ISW (mA/A)
IBST/ISW (mA/A)
125
3433 G08
3433 G07
Maximum Boost Supply Switch
Drive Current vs Boost Supply
Voltage
100
60
55
50
60
55
50
45
45
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
VBST – VSW_H (V)
11
12
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
VOUT (V)
3433 G09
3433 G10
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LT3433
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SGND (Pins 1, 8, 9, 16): Low Noise Ground Reference.
VBST (Pin 2): Boosted Switch Supply. This “boosted” supply rail is referenced to the SW_H pin. Supply voltage is
maintained by a bootstrap capacitor tied from the VBST pin
to the SW_H pin. A 1µF capacitor is generally adequate for
most applications.
The charge on the bootstrap capacitor is refreshed through
a diode, typically connected from the converter output
(VOUT), during the switch-off period. Minimum off-time
operation assures that the boost capacitor is refreshed each
switch cycle. The LT3433 supports operational VBST supply voltages up to 75V (absolute maximum) as referenced
to ground.
SW_H (Pin 3): Boosted Switch Output. This is the current
return for the boosted switch and corresponds to the emitter
of the switch transistor. The boosted switch shorts the
SW_H pin to the VIN supply when enabled. The drive circuitry for this switch is boosted above the VIN supply
through the VBST pin, allowing saturation of the switch for
maximum efficiency. The “ON” resistance of the boosted
switch is 0.8Ω.
VIN (Pin 4): Input Power Supply. This pin supplies power
to the boosted switch and corresponds to the collector of
the switch transistor.This pin also supplies power to most
of the IC’s internal circuitry if the VBIAS pin is not driven
externally. This supply will be subject to high switching
transient currents so this pin requires a high quality bypass
capacitor that meets whatever application-specific input
ripple current requirements exist. See Applications Information.
BURST_EN (Pin 5): Burst Mode Enable Pin. Shorting this
pin to SGND enables Burst Mode operation. If Burst Mode
operation is not desired, connecting this pin to VBIAS or VOUT
will disable the burst function.
VC (Pin 6): Error Amplifier Output. The voltage on the VC
pin corresponds to the maximum switch current per oscillator cycle. The error amplifier is typically configured as an
integrator circuit by connecting an RC network from this
pin to ground. This circuit typically creates the dominant
pole for the converter regulation feedback loop. Specific integrator characteristics can be configured to optimize transient response. See Applications Information.
VFB (Pin 7): Error Amplifier Inverting Input. The noninverting input of the error amplifier is connected to an internal
1.231V reference. The VFB pin is connected to a resistor
divider from the converter output. Values for the resistor
connected from VOUT to VFB (RFB1) and the resistor connected from VFB to ground (RFB2) can be calculated to program converter output voltage (VOUT) via the following
relation:
VOUT = 1.231 • (RFB1 + RFB2)/RFB2
The VFB pin input bias current is 35nA, so use of extremely
high value feedback resistors could cause a converter
output that is slightly higher than expected. Bias current
error at the output can be estimated as:
∆VOUT(BIAS) = 35nA • RFB1
The voltage on VFB also controls the LT3433 oscillator
frequency through a “frequency-foldback” function. When
the VFB pin voltage is below 0.8V, the oscillator runs slower
than the 200kHz typical operating frequency. The oscillator frequency slows with reduced voltage on the pin, down
to 50kHz when VFB = 0V.
The VFB pin voltage also controls switch current limit
through a “current-limit foldback” function. At VFB = 0V, the
maximum switch current is reduced to half of the normal
value. The current limit value increases linearly until VFB
reaches 0.6V when the normal maximum switch current
level is restored. The frequency and current-limit foldback
functions add robustness to short-circuit protection and
help prevent inductor current runaway during start-up.
SS (Pin 10): Soft Start. Connect a capacitor (CSS) from this
pin to ground. The output voltage of the LT3433 error
amplifier corresponds to the peak current sense amplifier
output detected before resetting the switch output(s). The
soft-start circuit forces the error amplifier output to a zero
peak current for start-up. A 5µA current is forced from the
SS pin onto an external capacitor. As the SS pin voltage
ramps up, so does the LT3433 internally sensed peak current limit. This forces the converter output current to ramp
from zero until normal output regulation is achieved. This
function reduces output overshoot on converter start-up.
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LT3433
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The time from VSS = 0V to maximum available current can
be calculated given a capacitor CSS as:
tSS = (2.7 • 105)CSS or 0.27s/µF
SHDN (Pin 11): Shutdown. If the SHDN pin is externally
pulled below 0.5V, low current shutdown mode is initiated.
During shutdown mode, all internal functions are disabled,
and ICC is reduced to 10µA. This pin is intended to receive
a digital input, however, there is a small amount of input
hysteresis built into the SHDN circuit to help assure glitchfree mode switching. If shutdown is not desired, connect
the SHDN pin to VIN.
VBIAS (Pin 12): Internal Local Supply. Much of the LT3433
circuitry is powered from this supply, which is internally
regulated to 2.5V through an on-board linear regulator.
Current drive for this regulator is sourced from the VIN pin.
The VBIAS supply is short-circuit protected to 5mA.
The VBIAS supply only sources current, so forcing this pin
above the regulated voltage allows the use of external power
for much of the LT3433 circuitry. When using external drive,
this pin should be driven above 3V to assure the internal
supply is completely disabled. This pin is typically diodeconnected to the converter output to maximize conversion
efficiency. This pin must be bypassed with at least a 0.1µF
ceramic capacitor to SGND.
VOUT (Pin 13): Converter Output Pin. This pin voltage is
compared with the voltage on VIN internally to control
operation in single or 2-switch mode. When the ratios of
the two voltages are such that a >75% duty cycle is required
for regulation, the low side switch is enabled. Drive bias for
the low side switch is also derived directly from this pin.
PWRGND (Pin 14): High Current Ground Reference. This
is the current return for the low side switch and corresponds
to the emitter of the low side switch transistor.
SW_L (Pin 15): Ground Referenced Switch Output. This pin
is the collector of the low side switch transistor. The low
side switch shorts the SW_L pin to PWRGND when enabled.
The series impedance of the ground-referenced switch is
0.6Ω.
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LT3433
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BLOCK DIAGRA
VBIAS
1.25V
BURST
CONTROL
CIRCUITS
BIAS
12
BURST_EN
5
VIN
4
SENSE
AMPLIFIER
VBST
2
COMPARATOR
BOOSTED
DRIVER
SW_H
3
SLOPE
COMP
OSCILLATOR 200kHz
FREQUENCY
CONTROL
MODE
CONTROL
SWITCH
CONTROL
LOGIC
SW_L
15
DRIVER
GND
VFB
14
7
ERROR
AMPLIFIER
30%
LOAD
1.231V
VC
+
Burst Mode
CONTROL
SHDN
6
11
SHUTDOWN
–
15%
LOAD
0.7V
SS
10
5µA
VOUT
SGND
1, 8, 9,16
13
3433 BD
VOUT
+
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LT3433
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APPLICATIO S I FOR ATIO
Overview
The LT3433 is a high input voltage range, step-up/stepdown DC/DC converter IC using a 200kHz constant frequency, current mode architecture. Dual internal switches
allow the full input voltage to be imposed across the
switched inductor, such that both step-up and step-down
modes of operation can be realized using the same single
inductor topology.
The LT3433 has provisions for high efficiency, low load
operation for battery-powered applications. Burst Mode
operation reduces average quiescent current to 100µA in
no load conditions. A low current shutdown mode can also
be activated, reducing total quiescent current to 10µA.
Much of the LT3433’s internal circuitry is biased from an
internal low voltage linear regulator. The output of this
regulator is brought out to the VBIAS pin, allowing bypassing of the internal regulator. The associated internal
circuitry can be powered directly from the output of the
converter, increasing overall converter efficiency. Using
externally derived power also eliminates the IC’s power
dissipation associated with the internal VIN to VBIAS
regulator.
Theory of Operation (See Block Diagram)
The LT3433 senses converter output voltage via the VFB
pin. The difference between the voltage on this pin and an
internal 1.231V reference is amplified to generate an error
voltage on the VC pin which is, in turn, used as a threshold
for the current sense comparator.
During normal operation, the LT3433 internal oscillator
runs at 200kHz. At the beginning of each oscillator cycle,
the switch drive is enabled. The switch drive stays enabled
until the sensed switch current exceeds the VC-derived
threshold for the current sense comparator and, in turn,
disables the switch driver. If the current comparator
threshold is not obtained for the entire oscillator cycle, the
switch driver is disabled at the end of the cycle for 250ns.
This minimum off-time mode of operation assures regeneration of the VBST bootstrapped supply.
If the converter input and output voltages are close
together, proper operation in normal buck configuration
would require high duty cycles. The LT3433 senses this
condition as requiring a duty cycle greater than 75%. If
such a condition exists, a second switch is enabled during
the switch on time, which acts to pull the output side of the
inductor to ground. This “bridged” operation allows voltage conversion to continue when VOUT approaches or
exceeds VIN.
Shutdown
The LT3433 incorporates a low current shutdown mode
where all IC functions are disabled and the VIN current is
reduced to 10µA. Pulling the SHDN pin down to 0.4V or
less activates shutdown mode.
Burst Mode Operation
The LT3433 employs low current Burst Mode functionality
to maximize efficiency during no load and low load conditions. Burst Mode function is disabled by shorting the
BURST_EN pin to either VBIAS or VOUT. Burst Mode
function is enabled by shorting BURST_EN to SGND.
When the required switch current, sensed via the VC pin
voltage, is below 30% of maximum, the Burst Mode
function is employed. When the voltage on VC drops below
the 30% load level, that level of sense current is latched
into the IC. If the output load requires less than this latched
current level, the converter will overdrive the output slightly
during each switch cycle. This overdrive condition forces
the voltage on the VC pin to continue to drop. When the
voltage on VC drops below the 15% load level, switching
is disabled, and the LT3433 shuts down most of its internal
circuitry, reducing quiescent current to 100µA. When the
voltage on the VC pin climbs back to 20% load level, the IC
returns to normal operation and switching resumes.
Antislope Compensation
Most current mode switching controllers use slope compensation to prevent current mode instability. The LT3433
is no exception. A slope compensation circuit imposes an
artificial ramp on the sensed current to increase the rising
slope as duty cycle increases. Unfortunately, this additional ramp corrupts the sensed current value, reducing
the achievable current limit value by the same amount as
the added ramp represents. As such, current limit is
typically reduced as duty cycles increase.
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LT3433
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APPLICATIO S I FOR ATIO
The LT3433 contains circuitry to eliminate the current limit
reduction associated with slope-compensation, or antislope compensation. As the slope compensation ramp is
added to the sensed current, a similar ramp is added to the
current limit threshold reference. The end result is that
current limit is not compromised so the LT3433 can
provide full power regardless of required duty cycle.
Mode Switching
The LT3433 senses operational duty cycle by directly
monitoring VIN and VOUT. Voltage drops associated with
pass and catch diodes are estimated internally such that
mode switching occurs when the duty cycle required for
continuous buck operation is greater than 75%. If such a
condition exists, a second switch is enabled during the
switch on time, changing operation to a dual switch
bridged configuration. Because the voltage available across
the switched inductor is greater in bridged mode, duty
cycle will decrease.
The output current in bridged mode is not continuous, so
switch currents are considerably higher than while operating in buck mode. In order to maximize available output
power, continuous operation and low ripple currents are
recommended. Switch currents will increase by a factor of
1/(1 – DC) during bridged mode, so this mode of operation
is typically the gating item for converter drive capability.
switch current will be reduced by this required drive
current.
IDRIVE = DC • 2 • ISW(MAX) • ISWDRIVE(MAX)
Using 50mA/A for the required drive current for each
switch yields the portion of switch current used to drive
the switches is:
ISW(DRIVE) = DC • 2 • ISW(MAX) • 0.05/(1 – DC)
Removing drive currents from the available maximum
switch current yields:
ISW(MAX)' = ISW(MAX) • [1 – DC • 2 • ISW(MAX) •
0.05/(1 – DC)]
where ISW(MAX)' is maximum switch current available to
the load during bridged operation. The maximum load
current can then be calculated as:
ILOAD(MAX) = ISW(MAX)' • (1 – DC)
which reduces to:
ILOAD(MAX) = [0.5A – (∆IL/2)] • (1 – 1.1 • DC)
Design Equations
VIN
SW_H
IOUT(MAX) = ISW(MAX) • (1 –␣ DC)
LT3433
= [0.5A – (∆IL / 2)] • (1 – DC)
L
SW_L
VOUT
where ∆IL is the ripple current in the inductor.
It is also important to note that IOUT cannot be considered
equivalent to ILOAD during bridged operation. Most of the
converter’s switch drive power is derived from the generated output supply, so IOUT must also accommodate this
current requirement. During single-switch buck operational conditions, switch drive current is negligible in
terms of output current; however, during bridged operation, these currents can become significant. These output
derived switch drive currents will increase the current
loading on VIN by the same 1/(1 – DC) factor as the switch
currents. As maximum switch current is referenced to that
coming from the VIN supply, the available maximum
3433 AI01
Constants:
VSWH = voltage drop across boosted switch
VSWL = voltage drop across grounded switch
VF = forward drop of external Schottky diodes
f0 = operating frequency
Duty Cycle (continuous operation):
DCBUCK = (VOUT + 2VF)/(VIN – VSWH + VF)
DCBRIDGED = (VOUT + 2VF)/(VOUT + VIN + 2VF – VSWH
– VSWL)
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APPLICATIO S I FOR ATIO
Ripple current:
∆IL(P −P) =
(VOUT + 2VF ) • (1− DC )
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Inductor Selection
The primary criterion for inductor value selection in LT3433
applications is the ripple current created in that inductor.
Design considerations for ripple current are the amount of
output ripple and the ability of the internal slope compensation waveform to prevent current mode instability.
The LT3433 maximizes available dynamic range using a
slope compensation generator that generates a continuously increasing slope as duty cycle increases. The slope
compensation waveform is calibrated at 80% duty cycle to
compensate for ripple currents up to 12.5% of IMAX, or
~ 60mA.
Ripple current can be calculated as:
∆IL(P −P) =
(VOUT + 2VF ) • (1− DC )
L • fO
Discontinuous operation occurs when the ripple current in
the inductor is greater than twice the load current (ILOAD)
in buck mode, or greater than ILOAD/(1 – DC) during
bridged mode. Current mode instability is not a concern
during discontinuous operation so inductor values smaller
than LMIN can be used. If such a small inductor is used,
however, it must be assured that the converter never
enters continuous operation at duty cycles greater than
50% to prevent current mode instability.
Design Example
VIN(MIN) = 4V, VOUT = 5V, L = 150µH
Using VF = 0.75V yields:
DC = (VOUT + 2VF)/(VOUT + VIN + 2VF – VSWH – VSWL)
= (5V + 1.5V)/(4V + 5V + 1.5V – 0.6V – 0.5V)
= 0.69
∆IL = (VOUT + 2VF) • (1 – DC) • (L •␣ f0)–1
= (5V + 1.5V) • (1 –␣ 0.69) • (150µH • 200kHz)–1
= 67mA
ILOAD(MAX) = ISW(MAX) • (1 – 1.1 • DC)
This relation can be used to determine minimum inductance sizes for various values of VOUT using the DC = 80%
calibration:
= [0.5A – (1/2 • 0.07)](1 – 1.1 • 0.69) = 0.112A
LMIN = (VOUT + 1.5V) • (1 – 0.8) 60mA • 200kHz)
VOUT
LMIN
4V
92µH
5V
108µH
9V
175µH
12V
225µH
3433ia
10
LT3433
U
TYPICAL APPLICATIO
Burst Only Low Noise 5V Maintenance Supply
DS1
B160A
DS2
B160A
L1
33µH
D1
1N4148
VBST
C1
0.1µF
VIN
4V TO 60V
+
SW_L
SW_H PWRGND
LT3433
VIN
VOUT
C7
2.2µF
C6 100pF
R2
510k
5%
BURST_EN
VBIAS
VC
SHDN
VFB
R1
2.2M
5%
D2
1N4148
C2
0.1µF
SS
IN
SGND
OUT
LT1761-5
SHDN GND
BYP
C4
0.01µF
C5
2.2µF
VOUT
5V
10mA
C3
10µF
3433 TA03
U
PACKAGE DESCRIPTIO
FE Package
16-Lead Plastic TSSOP (4.4mm)
(Reference LTC DWG # 05-08-1663)
Exposed Pad Variation BB
4.90 – 5.10*
(.193 – .201)
3.58
(.141)
3.58
(.141)
16 1514 13 12 1110
6.60 ±0.10
9
2.94
(.116)
4.50 ±0.10
SEE NOTE 4
2.94 6.40
(.116) BSC
0.45 ±0.05
1.05 ±0.10
0.65 BSC
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
RECOMMENDED SOLDER PAD LAYOUT
1.10
(.0433)
MAX
4.30 – 4.50*
(.169 – .177)
0° – 8°
0.09 – 0.20
(.0036 – .0079)
0.45 – 0.75
(.018 – .030)
NOTE:
1. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: MILLIMETERS
MILLIMETERS
2. DIMENSIONS ARE IN
(INCHES)
3. DRAWING NOT TO SCALE
0.65
(.0256)
BSC
0.195 – 0.30
(.0077 – .0118)
0.05 – 0.15
(.002 – .006)
FE16 (BB) TSSOP 0203
4. RECOMMENDED MINIMUM PCB METAL SIZE
FOR EXPOSED PAD ATTACHMENT
*DIMENSIONS DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH. MOLD FLASH
SHALL NOT EXCEED 0.150mm (.006") PER SIDE
3433ia
11
LT3433
U
TYPICAL APPLICATIO
4V-60V to 5V at 100mA DC/DC Converter Burst Disabled
DS1
B160A
DS2
B160A
L1
100µH
C6
47µF
D2
1N4148
C1
0.1µF
VIN
4V TO 60V
+
VBST
SW_L
SW_H PWRGND
LT3433
VOUT
VIN
C7
2.2µF
C5 1nF C4 100pF
R1 68k
R2
100k
0.5%
R3
305k
0.5%
VOUT
5V
100mA
BURST_EN
VBIAS
VC
SHDN
D1
1N4148
C2
0.1µF
SS
VFB
SGND
C3
0.01µF
3433 TA02
RELATED PARTS
PART NUMBER
DESCRIPTION
COMMENTS
LT1076/LT1076HV
1.6A (IOUT), 100kHz High Efficiency Step-Down DC/DC Converters
VIN: 7.3V to 45V/64V, VOUT(MIN): 2.21V, IQ: 8.5mA,
ISD: 10µA, DD5/DD7, TO220-5/TO220-7
LT1676
60V, 440mA (IOUT), 100kHz High Efficiency Step-Down
DC/DC Converter
VIN: 7.4V to 60V, VOUT(MIN): 1.24V, IQ: 3.2mA,
ISD: 2.5µA, SO-8
LT1765
25V, 2.75A (IOUT), 1.25MHz High Efficiency Step-Down
DC/DC Converter
VIN: 3V to 25V, VOUT(MIN): 1.20V, IQ: 1mA,
ISD: 15µA, SO-8, TSSOP16E
LT1766/LT1956
60V, 1.2A (IOUT), 200kHz/500kHz High Efficiency Step-Down
DC/DC Converters
VIN: 5.5V to 60V, VOUT(MIN): 1.20V, IQ: 2.5mA,
ISD: 25µA, TSSOP16/TSSOP16E
LT1767
25V, 1.2A (IOUT), 1.25MHz High Efficiency Step-Down
DC/DC Converter
VIN: 3V to 25V, VOUT(MIN): 1.20V, IQ: 1mA,
ISD: 6µA, MS8/MS8E
LT1776
40V, 550mA (IOUT), 200kHz High Efficiency Step-Down
DC/DC Converter
VIN: 7.4V to 40V, VOUT(MIN): 1.24V, IQ: 3.2mA,
ISD: 30µA, N8, SO-8
LT1976
60V, 1.2A (IOUT), 200kHz High Efficiency Micropower (IQ < 100µA)
Step-Down DC/DC Converter
VIN: 3.3V to 60V, VOUT(MIN): 1.20V, IQ: 100µA,
ISD: <1µA, TSSOP16E
LT3010
80V, 50mA Low Noise Linear Regulator
VIN: 1.5V to 80V, VOUT(MIN): 1.28V, IQ: 30µA,
ISD: <1µA, MS8E
LTC3412/LTC3414
2.5A (IOUT), 4MHz Synchronous Step-Down DC/DC Converters
VIN: 2.5V to 5.5V, VOUT(MIN): 0.8V, IQ: 60µA,
ISD: <1µA, TSSOP16E
LTC3414
4A (IOUT), 4MHz Synchronous Step-Down DC/DC Converter
VIN: 2.3V to 5.5V, VOUT(MIN): 0.8V, IQ: 64µA,
ISD: <1µA, TSSOP20E
LTC3727/LTC3727-1 36V, 500kHz High Efficiency Step-Down DC/DC Controllers
VIN: 4V to 36V, VOUT(MIN): 0.8V, IQ: 670µA,
ISD: 20µA, QFN32, SSOP28
LT3430/LT3431
60V, 2.75A (IOUT), 200kHz/500kHz High Efficiency Step-Down
DC/DC Converters
VIN: 5.5V to 60V, VOUT(MIN): 1.20V, IQ: 2.5mA,
ISD: 30µA, TSSOP16E
LTC3440
600mA (IOUT), 2MHz Synchronous Buck-Boost DC/DC Converter
with 95% Efficiency
VIN: 2.5V to 5.5V, VOUT(MIN): 2.5V, IQ: 25µA,
ISD: <1µA, MS10
3433ia
12 Linear Technology Corporation
1630 McCarthy Blvd., Milpitas, CA 95035-7417
(408) 432-1900 ● FAX: (408) 434-0507
●
www.linear.com
LT/TP 0903 1K REV A • PRINTED IN USA
 LINEAR TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION 2003