Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... MOTOROLA Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. MC33385 SEMICONDUCTOR Automotive Quad Low Side Driver QUAD LOW SIDE DRIVER SEMICONDUCTOR TECHNICAL DATA The MC33385 is a Quad Low Side Driver fully protected switch. This device is a general purpose Low Side Driver but has been especially designed to operate in engine management application as injector driver or automotive gear box. It is interfaced directly with a microcontroller for parallel control of the load and the individual output diagnostic is done through a SPI. The diagnostic logic recognizes 4 failure types at each output stage the overcurrent, the short to GND, the openload and the over-temperature. DH SUFFIX HSOP20 PACKAGE PIN ASSIGNMENT • RDSON of 250mΩ per Output at 25°C • Supplied from the main 5V Vcc • Input CMOS Compatible • Diagnostic through SPI • Nominal Current of 2A per Output • Current Limitation at 3A with Automatic Turn Off • Output Internally Clamped at 50V typ for Inductive Load Drive • Junction to Case Thermal Resistance of 4.4°C/W • Individual Output over Temperature Shutdown 21 GND2 1 20 GND1 OUT2 2 19 OUT1 N.C 3 18 N.C NON2 4 17 NON1 SDI 5 16 SDO CLK 6 15 NRES NCS 7 14 VCC NON4 8 13 NON3 OUT4 9 12 OUT3 GND4 10 11 GND3 Heat sink 21 ORDERING INFORMATION Device Temperature Range Package MC33385DH -40°C to +125°C HSOP20 Simplified Block Diagram VCC Charge Pump TRIGGER NON1 OUT1 NON2 S URES RES NON3 dv/dt control DRIVER R NON4 OUT2 OUT3 OUT4 RES URES Over-temp. detection ON1 FR Reset IRES VCC I-SCB filter t-ISCB ON1 SDI VCC I-OL filter t-IOL CLK NON1 VCC Shift Register NCS Failure Register (FR) SCG filter t-SCG URES RES Under Voltage Reset Reset V ref OSC IRES SDO Oscillator For More Information On This Product, GND NRES Go to: www.freescale.com Motorola,Inc 1999 Rev 5.1 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... MC33385 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. MAXIMUM RATINGS TJ = - 40°C up to 150°C Ratings Symbols Min Max Unit Vcc - 0.3 7 V Continuous Output Voltage (With no reverse current) Vout - 0.3 45 V Continuous Current Ioutc 2.5 A Peak Output Current Ioutp ISCBmax A Clamped Energy at the Switching OFF (See figure 6) W OFF 70 mJ for 1ms SUPPLY VOLTAGE Voltage Range OUTPUTS : 1...4 - 10 INPUTS Input Voltage (Inputs) VIN - 0.3 Vcc + 0.3 V Input Protection Diode Current IIN - 20 1 mA Input Voltage (Outputs) Vo - 0.3 Vcc + 0.3 V Input Protection Diode Current Io - 20 1 mA Tj - 40 150 °C OUTPUTS : SDO THERMAL RATINGS Operating Junction Temperature Thermal Resistance : Junction-case (One powerstage in use) Rthjc 4.5 K/W Thermal Resistance : Junction-ambient (Device soldered on printed circuit board) R thja 50 K/W Tcase = - 40 °C up to 125 °C RANGE OF FUNCTIONALITY Ratings Symbols Min Max Unit Vcc 4.5 5.5 V Junction Temperature Continuous (Continuous) Tj1 - 40 150 °C Junction Temperature Dynamical (Time limited) Tj2 185 °C Iout ISCBmax SUPPLY VOLTAGE Supply Voltage Range JUNCTION TEMPERATURE OUTPUT CURRENT Output Current Range RESET BEHAVIOUR Reset Changeable (at NRES-Pin) Undervoltage Reset (Independent of NRES) Active for Vcc = 0V to VccPRO Vcc VccRES 5.5 V VccRES 3.35 3.95 V VccPRO 1.5 4.0 V TOFF 155 185 °C UNDERVOLTAGE PROTECTION Protection active for Vcc=0V to Vccpro OVER TEMPERATURE Temperature Detection Threshold MC33385 For More Information On This Product, MOTOROLA Go to: www.freescale.com 2 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... MC33385 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS TCASE = - 40°up to + 125°C and V CC = 4.5V up to 5.5V Parameters Symbol Min Typ Max Unit SUPPLY CURRENT Standby Current (without load) (NON1...NON4 = High Level) 5.15V ≥ VCC 5.5V ≥ VCC IccSTB1 IccSTB2 6 7 mA mA Operating Mode (For 5.15V ≥ VCC ) (Iout 1...4) = 2A IccOPM 17 mA ∆Icc 100 50 mA mA ∆Icc During Reverse Output Current (Iout = - 5A on one output) INPUTS NONx, NCS, CLK, NRES, SDI Low Threshold VINL -0.3 High Threshold VINH 0.7*Vcc Hysteresis Vhyst 0.85 0.2*Vcc V Vcc + 0.3 V V 10 µA - 100 - 20 µA fIN 0 1000 Hz High Output Level (ISDO = -2mA) VSDOH Vcc - 0.4 Low Output Level (ISDO = 3.2mA) VSDOL Tristate Leakage Current (NCS = HIGH, VSDO = 0V to Vcc) ISDOL - 10 Average Output Current Iouta 2.5 A Output Peak Current Ioutp ISCBmax A Leakage Current 1 (NON = High, Vout = 25V, Vcc = 5V) IoutL1 10 µA Leakage Current 2 (NON = High, Vout = 16V, Vcc = 1V) IoutL2 10 µA Output Clamp Voltage (Iout = 1A) Vclp 45 58 V Matching Clamp Voltage (Between two outputs) Vclpm Vclp-1 Vclp+1 V Clamped Energy at the Switching OFF (See graph 6) W OFF 50 On Resistance (Iout = 2A, Tj = 150 °C, NON = LOW) RDSON Output Low Voltage Limitation (Iout = 150mA) Voutlim Input Current (Vin = Vcc) IIN Input Current (Vcc >VRES & 0V<VIN < 0.9*Vcc) IIN Input Frequency (NON1 to NON4) SERIAL DATA OUTPUT V 0.4 V 10 µA OUTPUTS (Out 1...4) Output Capacitance (Guaranteed by design) 50 mJ for 1ms 65 Cout 500 mΩ 220 mV 350 pF OUTPUTS TIMING Positive Output Voltage Ramp (with inductive load) Vout = 4V... 16V Vout = 16V... Vclp Negative Output Voltage Ramp (25%... 75%) OVRp1 OVRp2 2 3.5 3 6 5 10 V/µs V/µs OVRn 1.75 3 4 V/µs 40 µs 5 µs Internal Switch-on-Time Charge Pump (NON = LOW... VGate = 0.9 * VBat) tdCP Turn ON Delay (NON = 50%, Vout = 0.9 * VBat) tdON MC33385 1 For More Information On This Product, MOTOROLA Go to: www.freescale.com 2.5 3 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... MC33385 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS TCASE = - 40°up to + 125°C and V CC = 4.5V up to 5.5V Parameters Symbol Turn OFF Delay (NON = 50%, Vout = 0.1 * VBat) (NON = 50%, Vout = 4V) Min tdOFFa tdOFFb Undervoltage Protection Max ON time after a output voltage ramp from 0V to 25V at V cc = 0V...Vccpro trpON Matching Turn ON Delay (NON = 50%, Vout = 0.9 * VBat) tmON Rise time Turn OFF (10% - 90% of V clp ) trOFF Typ Max Unit 1 4.7 3 7.5 µs µs 100 µs 3 µs -3 8.5 12 OUTPUTS REVERSE DIODE Reverse Output Current IRD 2,5 A Reverse Peakcurrent (Note 1 and 2) IRDP 5 A Reverse Voltage Drop - I out = - 5A - I out = - 2,5A VRD1 VRD2 1.0 0.85 1.7 1.7 V V Short Current Limit ISCB 3.0 5 A Short Circuit Delay Time tSCB 0.2 2 µs Vccmin 3.35 3.95 V Short to GND Threshold Voltage for IOUT ≤ 2A VREF 0.390xVcc 0.435xVcc V Short to GND Filter Time TSCG 140 250 µs Open Load Threshold Current IOL 10 50 mA Open Load Filter Time tOL 140 250 µs Pull-up Resistor R OL 2.0 8.0 kΩ Temperature Detection Threshold TOFF 155 185 °C POWERSTAGE PROTECTION V cc Undervoltage DIAGNOSTIC NOTES 1&2: For t ≤ 2ms. Max. reverse current is limited to - 10A (for all outputs together) SERIAL DIAGNOSTIC LINK : Load Capacitor at SDI and SDO = 100pF Clock Frequency (50% duty cycle) fclk 3 MHz Minimum Time CLK = HIGH tclh 100 ns Minimum Time CLK = LOW tcll 100 ns Propagation Delay (CLF Data at SDO valid) tpcld 100 ns NCS = LOW to Data at SDO Valid tpcld 100 ns CLK Low Before NCS Low (Setup time CLK to NCS change H/L) tsclch 100 ns CLK Change L/H after NCS = Low thclcl 100 ns SDI Input Set up Time (CLK change H/Lafter SDI data valid) tscld 20 ns SDI Input Hold Time (SDI data hold after CLK change H/L) thcld CLK Low Before NCS High tsclcl 150 ns CLK High After NCS High thclch 150 ns MC33385 20 For More Information On This Product, MOTOROLA Go to: www.freescale.com ns 4 MC33385 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS TCASE = - 40°up to + 125°C and V CC = 4.5V up to 5.5V Parameters Symbol Max Unit tpchdz 100 ns Capacitance at SDI, SDO, CLk, CS tpcld 10 pF NCS Filtertime (Pulses ≤ tfNCS will be ignored) tfNCS 40 ns NCSL/H ti Output Data Flout Min Typ 10 DIAGNOSTIC REGISTER AND SPI TIMING Figure1- Timing Diagram to Read the Diagnostic Register NCS CLK Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... SDO FSL LSB SDI D1 LSB D2 D3 D1 D2 D4 D5 D3 D4 D6 D5 MSB D6 MSB FR-RESET NOTE : FR -RESET means Reset failure storage (internal signal) Figure2 - Diagnostic Failure Register Structure MSB D7 LSB D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 FSL FAILURE INDICATOR BIT Only valid during NCS = LOW to the first L to H CLK change 1 : failure stored 0 : no failure STATUS CHANNEL 4 11 : no failure 01 : open circuit 10: short to battery or overtemperature 00 : short to gnd STATUS CHANNEL 3 STATUS CHANNEL 2 STATUS CHANNEL 1 Figure3- Serial Interface Timing NCS tsclch thclcl tclh tcll tsclcl thclch CLK tcsdv SDO tpcld tpchdz FSL D0 tcsdv SDI MC33385 D7 thcld D0 D1 D7 For More Information On This Product, MOTOROLA Go to: www.freescale.com 5 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Figure 4 - Diagram to Short-Circuit to GNDFailure (SCG-Failure) Detection Failure detection time for an SCG failure off on NON SCG-failure Vdrain Vdrain < Vref at off-state t-SCG (filter-time) Filter time Failure detection Failure store Figure5- Diagram to Open Load Failure (OL-Failure) Detection Sporatical failure detection Statical failure detection Failure detection active for an sporatical OL-failure NON Iload off on I-OL Iload > I-OL Iload > IOL for t > tol Diagnostic active retrigger t filter t < t-ol retrigger filter t-ol (filter-time) tol Sporatical failure-detection Failure detection Failure store Figure6- Max Clamp- Energy Specification 350 - 40°C 300 250 Energy (mJ) Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... MC33385 200 25°C 150 100 125°C 50 0 0 MC33385 0,5 1 1,5 2 2,5 Pulse-Duration (ms) 3 3,5 For More Information On This Product, MOTOROLA Go to: www.freescale.com 4 6 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... MC33385 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. DEVICE DESCRIPTION Introduction The device is a Quad Low Side Driver driven by four CMOS input stages. Each output power transistor is protected against short to V BAT and by a zener clamp against overvoltage. A diagnostic logic recognizes four failure types at the output stage : overcurrent, short to GND, open-load and overtemperature. The failures are individually stored in a byte which can be read out via a serial interface (SPI). Output Stage Control Each of the four output stages is switched ON and OFF by an individual control line (NON-Input). The logic level of the control line is CMOS compatible. The output transistors are switched off when the inputs are not connected. Power Transistors Each of the four output stages has its own zenerclamp. This causes a voltage limitation at the power transistors when inductive loads are switched off. Drain voltage ramp occurring when output is switched on or off, is within defined limits. Output transistors can be connected in parallel to increase current capability. In this case, the associated inputs should be connected together. Short-Circuit and Overtemperature Protection If the output current increases above the short current limit for a time longer than t SCB or if the temperature increases above TOFF then the power transistor is immediately switched off. It remains switched off until the control signal on the NONInput is switched off and on again. Diagnostics Following failures at the output stage are recognized : Short -Circuit to VBAt or overtemp...... = SCB (Highest priority) Short -Circuit to GND............................. = SCG Open Load................................................. = OL (Lowest priority) The SCB failure is recognized by an overcurrent (current above the short current limit) or an overtemperature. If the current through the output stage is lower than the IOLreference, after a filter time an OL failure will be recognized. This measurement is active while the powerstage is switched on. MC33385 The SCG failure will recognize when the drain voltage is lower than the OL reference limit, while the output stage is switched off. All four outputs have an independent overtemperature detection and shutdown. All failures are stored in individual registers. They can be read by the microprocessor via the serial interface. There is no failure detected if the powerstage control time is shorter than the filter time. Diagnostic Interface The communication between the microprocessor and the failure register runs via the SPI link. If there is a failure stored in the failure register, the first bit of the shift register is set to a high level. With the H/L change on the NCS pin the first bit of the diagnostic shift register will be transmitted to the SDO output. The SDO output is the serial output from the diagnostic shift register and it is tristated when the NCS pin is high. The CLK pin clocks the diagnostic shift register. New SDO data will appear on every rising edge of this pin and new SDI data will be latched on every CLK’s falling edge into the shift register. With the first positive pulse of the CLK, the failure register will be cleared. There is no bus collision at a small spike at the NCS. The CLK is always LOW while the NCS-signal is changing. Reset There are two different reset functions realised : Under voltage reset : as long as the Vcc voltage is lower than VCCRES, the powerstages are switched off and the failureregister are reseted. Reset pin : as long as the NRES-pin is low, following circuits are reseted : • Powerstages • Failure register Undervoltage Protection At low Vcc voltage, the device remains switched off even if there is a voltage ramp at the OUT pin. For More Information On This Product, Go to:MOTOROLA www.freescale.com 7 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... MC33385 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. This device is dedicated to automotive applications such as engine managements systems, automatic gear box... It interfaces between the microcontroller and the actuors of the system. The loads can be only resistive or resistive and inductive such as injectors, EGR valves...etc... Following is an example of application schematic, see figure below. Figure7- Typical Application VBat Voltage Regulator Loads 47nF..150nF NCS Vcc GND1 CLK GND2 GND3 SDI GND4 SDO NRES MC33385 NON1 OUT1 NON2 OUT2 NON3 OUT3 OUT4 NON4 MCU PINS FUNCTION DESCRIPTION Pin No. Function 1 GND2 Ground 2 2 OUT2 Output Channel 2 3 NC 4 NON2 Input Control Signal for Channel 2 5 SDI Serial Data Input 6 CLK Clock Line for Serial Interface 7 NCS Chip Select for Serial Interface 8 NON4 Input Control Signal for Channel 4 9 OUT4 Output Channel 4 10 GND4 Ground 4 11 GND3 Ground 3 12 OUT3 Output Channel 3 13 NON3 Input Control Signal for Channel 3 14 Vcc 5V Power Supply 15 NRES Reset Input 16 SDO Data Output of Serial Interface 17 NON1 Input Control Signal Channel 1 18 MC33385 Description NC 19 OUT1 Output Channel 1 20 GND1 Ground 1 Case Connected to the PCB Ground for Thermal Purposes For More Information On This Product, MOTOROLA Go to: www.freescale.com 8 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Figure8- Standby Current versus Temperature Figure9- Operating Mode Current versus 3 12,50 2,75 12,00 2,50 11,50 IccOPM (mA) IccSTB (mA) Temperature 2,25 11,00 Vcc=5,5V 2 10,50 1,75 10,00 Vcc=5,15V 1,50 9,50 1,25 9,00 1 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 T, TEMPERATURE (°C) 100 8,50 -50 125 -25 0 25 50 75 T, TEMPERATURE (°C) 100 Figure11- High Threshold Input Voltage versus Temperature Temperature 623 Vcc=5,5V 370 622 621 VinH/Vcc 365 360 Vcc=4,5V 355 619 618 345 617 -25 0 25 50 75 T, TEMPERATURE (°C) 100 616 -50 125 Figure12- Output Clamp Voltage versus Temperature 54,50 375 54,00 350 RDSon (mΩ) 400 53,00 Iout1=1A 52,50 225 MC33385 100 125 125 Vcc=4,5V Iout1=3A 275 51,50 0 25 50 75 T, TEMPERATURE (°C) 100 300 250 -25 0 25 50 75 T, TEMPERATURE (°C) 325 52,00 51,00 -50 -25 Figure13 - Rdson versus Temperature 55,00 53,50 Vcc=4,5V ou 5,5V 620 350 340 -50 125 624 375 VinL/Vcc Vcc=5,15V All outputs=2A Figure10- Low Threshold Input Voltage versus 380 Vclp (V) Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... MC33385 200 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 T, TEMPERATURE (°C) For More Information On This Product, MOTOROLA Go to: www.freescale.com 100 125 9 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Figure15- Vcc Undervoltage versus Temperature 24,50 3,78 24,25 3,77 24,00 3,76 23,75 3,75 VccMIN (V) Iol (mA) Figure14- Open Load versus Temperature 23,50 23,25 23,00 22,50 -50 3,74 3,73 3,72 22,75 3,71 -25 0 25 50 75 T, TEMPERATURE (°C) 100 125 Figure16- Short Current Limit versus Temperature 4,60 3,70 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 T, TEMPERATURE (°C) 100 125 Figure17- Inductive Switching I (200mA/div) 4,50 Clamp voltage V (10V/div) Vcc=5,5V 4,40 4,30 ISCB (A) Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... MC33385 4,20 4,10 4,00 Vcc=4,5V 3,90 3,80 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 T, TEMPERATURE (°C) 100 Figure18- Turn on Delay 125 Figure19- Turn off Delay In1 (1V/div) tdon Vout1(2V/div) Vout1(2V/div) tdoffa tdoffb In1 (1V/div) MC33385 For More Information On This Product, MOTOROLA Go to: www.freescale.com 10 MC33385 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... CASE OUTLINES Motorola reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products herein to improve reliability, function or design. Motorola does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit described herein ; neither does it convert any licence under its patent rights of others. Motorola products are not authorized for use as components in life support devices or systems intended for surgical implant into the body or intended to support or sustain life. Buyer agrees to notify Motorola of any such intended end use whereupon Motorola shall determine availability and suitability of its products for the use intended. Motorola and are registered trademarks of Motorola, Inc. Motorola, Inc. is an Equal Employment opportunity/Affirmative Action Employer. MC33385 For More Information On This Product, MOTOROLA Go to: www.freescale.com 11