Order this document by MC44144/D The MC44144 is a gated phase–locked loop intended for, but not restricted to, video applications. The integrated circuit contains a gated phase detector, voltage controlled crystal oscillator, divide–by–4 circuitry, and a video clamp. This device provides a 4X reference frequency output, and a 1X reference frequency output. The MC44144 is manufactured using Motorola’s high density, bipolar MOSAIC process. • 8–Pin DIP or Surface Mount Package • • • • SUBCARRIER PHASE–LOCKED LOOP SEMICONDUCTOR TECHNICAL DATA Gated–Phase Detector Single Pin Voltage Controlled Crystal Oscillator 1X and 4X Subcarrier Output 8 Operates Off of a Standard 5.0 V Supply 1 P SUFFIX PLASTIC PACKAGE CASE 626 8 1 D SUFFIX PLASTIC PACKAGE CASE 751 (SO–8) Representative Block Diagram + 5.0 Composite Video Burst Gate 4X Subcarrier Output 75 0.1µ 8 7 Voltage Reference 1 1 Subcarrier Output VCC 8 2 Gnd Burst Gate 7 Phase Det Out 3 Phase Detector Output Comp Video Input 6 Voltage 4X Ref Control Out Input VCO 4X Ref Crystal Drive 4 4X Sub Xtal 4X Subcarrier Output 5 5 Video In Clamp In Clamp Out Gate Pulse Reference Subcarrier Video Clamp Divide by 4 2 3 Phase Detector ORDERING INFORMATION 14.32/ 17.73MHz Device 5.0 to 25p MC44144D 47k 470p (Top View) 4 1.0n Subcarrier Output 1.0n 6 2.6V Subcarrier Reference Output PIN CONNECTIONS 0.1µ MC44144P Operating Temperature Range TA = 0° to +70°C Motorola, Inc. 1996 MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA Package SO–8 Plastic Rev 2 1 MC44144 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Rating Symbol Value Unit VCC 6.0 Vdc Supply Voltage TA 0° to +70 °C Tstg – 65 to +150 °C TJ +150 °C Operating Ambient Temperature Storage Temperature Range Operating Junction Temperature RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS Characteristic Pin Symbol Min Typ Max Unit Supply Voltage 8 VCC 4.5 5.0 5.5 Vdc Composite Video Input (Note 1) Burst Amplitude to Acquire Lock 6 – 50 300 1000 mVpp NOTE: 1. Total peak–to–peak voltage of video should not exceed ground or VCC. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (VCC = 5.0 Vdc, TA = 25°C) Characteristic Operating Current Burst Gate Threshold Voltage: Burst Gate Input Current: VIH VIL IIH (Vin = 5.0 V) IIL (Vin = 0 V) 4X Subcarrier Output Voltage: (14.32 MHz) Output Voltage: (17.73 MHz) Output Impedance: (14.3 MHz and 17.73 MHz) Pin Min Typ Max Unit 8 8.0 10 12 mA 7 3.0 – – – – – – – – 1.5 20 – 0.5 Vdc 400 – – 610 450 25 650 – – mVpp 200 – – – 300 200 – 60 3.0 400 – – – mVpp Ω deg Note 2 – 3 – deg/100 Hz – – ± 350 ± 500 – – Hz µA 5 Subcarrier Output Output Voltage: (3.58 MHz and 4.43 MHz) Output Impedance: (3.58 MHz and 4.43 MHz) Phase Angle (Note 1) Phase Sensitivity (Notes 1 & 2) 1 Static Phase Error (Note 2) 1, 2 Phase–Locked Loop Pull–In Range Phase–Locked Loop Hold–In Range Ω NOTES: 1. Referenced to composite video input color burst. NOTES: 2. See paragraph 1 of the Functional Description text. 17.745 KOPAL 17.740 14.320 KONTSC 14.318 17.730 14.316 The gain must be estimated from the operating point. KOPAL is the gain for PAL applications and KONTSC is the gain for NTSC applications. 14.314 14.312 –1.0 17.735 0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 17.725 17.719 6.0 4Xfsc , OUTPUT (PIN 5) FREQUENCY (MHz) FOR PAL 4Xf sc, OUTPUT (PIN 5) FREQUENCY (MHz) FOR NTSC Figure 1. Typical VCXO Gain 14.322 Table 1. Crystal Specifications Frequency Mode 14.31818 MHz (NTSC) 17.734475 MHz (PAL) Fundamental Frequency Tolerance @ 25°C df/dfo 0°C – 70°C 40 ppm Load Capacitance 20 pF ESR 50 Ω C1 (Internal Series Capacitance) 15 mpF VCO CONTROL VOLTAGE (PIN 3 VOLTAGE) (V) 2 MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA MC44144 Figure 2. Representative Schematic Diagram + 5.0 Burst Gate 4X Subcarrier Output Composite Video 75 1.0n 1.0k 0.1µ 8 7 Voltage Reference 6 Video In Clamp In Clamp Out Gate Pulse Reference Subcarrier Video Clamp 2.6V Phase Detector Phase Det Out Subcarrier Reference Output Voltage 4X Ref Control Out Input VCO 4X Ref Crystal Drive Divide by 4 1 1.0k 5 2 3 4 14.32/ 17.73MHz 1.0n 47k 470p Subcarrier Output 5.0 to 25p 0.1µ FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION The MC44144 is designed to implement the color sync function in a video system. When provided NTSC/PAL composite video or composite chroma and burst gate inputs, the IC will phase–lock a Voltage Controlled Crystal Oscillator (VCXO) to the color burst. Both 4X and 1X subcarrier frequency outputs are provided by the IC. The VCXO operates off of a 4X subcarrier crystal and The VCXO operates off a 4X subcarrier crystal and is capable of at least ± 600 Hz of pull–in. The tradeoff for such a wide pull–in range is a resultant “soft” lock, or a 3° phase shift per 100 Hz change in oscillator free–run or input reference frequency. In addition to providing the gate pulse for the MC44144 phase detector, the Burst Gate input also initiates a clamp pulse that sets up the level of the composite video at the input to the Phase Detector. The start and duration of the Gate Pulse should be timed so that the pulse envelopes the color burst of the video signal, but not so wide as to gate sync or video into the Phase Detector. The Phase Detector is enabled when the voltage at the Burst Gate input (Pin 7) is above the nominal 2.2 V threshold. While this makes possible the ability to lock to a color burst, it does not exclude the possibility of lock to a constant reference. If a constant source is to be the reference, the Phase Detector can be permanently enabled by holding the voltage on the Phase Detector input pin higher than the threshold voltage. The phase detector gain must be specified in two ways, for a constant reference and for a burst–locked application. The gain in a constant reference application is specified by the maximum current output with the maximum phase error. For MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA a maximum phase error of π/2 radians the maximum current available is approximately 200 µA. So the phase detector gain is defined as, KPD = 200/(π/2)(µA/rad S sec) For a burst–locked application, the Phase Detector is active for only the duration of the color burst. Therefore the phase detector gain must be specified as an average gain over a line period. In this case the phase detector gain for NTSC and for PAL applications is, KPDNTSC = (8/(π/2))(µA/rad S sec) and, KPDPAL = (7/(π/2))(µA/rad S sec) A suitable filter for both types of applications is shown in the test schematic Figure 2. This same filter also works for both NTSC and PAL applications. The 4X subcarrier Voltage Controlled Crystal Oscillator (VCXO) uses a design that enables the use of series or parallel resonant types of crystals. Still, layout and crystal positioning are critical as the oscillator frequency is sensitive to shunt capacitance. Care should be taken to keep the crystal close to the IC and crystal switching should be avoided. A suitable parallel type crystal would meet the specifications in Table 1. A plot showing the VCXO gain is shown in Figure 1. From this plot the gain must be estimated from the operating point. KOPAL is the gain for PAL applications and KONTSC is the gain for NTSC applications. 3 MC44144 PIN FUNCTION DESCRIPTION Name Subcarrier Output Pin Representative Circuitry 1 VCC Description Expected Waveforms Subcarrier Output. A phase–locked reference of the PAL or NTSC color burst is output at this pin. A 300 mVpp square wave is output. Some high frequency content is present. 200 5.0k Ground 2 Phase Detector Output 3 Circuit Ground 1.0k The error current from the phase detector is output at this pin. A filter circuit should be connected at this pin. 31k 33k A beat waveform, showing both horizontal period and half the subcarrier period, is present. 1/2 Subcarrier Period 2.5V Line Period 4X Sub Xtal 4 VCC 400 gm gm Vref 2.0k 4X Subcarrier Output (or Black Burst) 5 VCC Crystal Oscillator Pin. A 4X subcarrier parallel resonant crystal, in series with a 5.0 to 25 pF trimmer capacitor provides the resonant element for the Voltage Controlled Crystal Oscillator (VCXO). Approximately 40 mVpp. A scope probe will disturb the frequency of oscillation. Buffered output from the 4X voltage controlled oscillator. The sinusoidal 4Xfsc oscillator output is available at this pin. The output is nominally: 525 mVpp for NTSC, 425 mVpp for PAL. Composite Video Input. Color burst from the video present at this pin is used as a reference to phase lock the VCXO. Positive or negative video may be used. Composite video should be applied at this pin. The color burst amplitude of the input video should be at least 50 mV, but no more than 1000 mV. The waveform at this pin should not exceed ground or VCC. 5.0k Composite Video Input (Black Burst, Continuous Wave, or Composite Chroma can also be applied) 6 VCC VCC 22k 2.6V GND Burst Gate Input 7 VCC Input for the phase detector gate pulse. TTL compatible. The threshold is nominally 2.6V. A positive going gate pulse should be applied at this pin. The Burst Gate input should envelope the color burst. 22k 22k Pin 6 Pin 7 VCC 4 8 2.2V Power Supply Pin. 5.0 Vdc should be applied at this pin. MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA MC44144 Linear and TTL Output Buffers The output buffers of the MC44144 are not designed to any specific logic family. If it is desired, Linear or TTL buffers can be added externally. Figure 3 shows an example of a Linear buffer using an MC3346 Transistor array; virtually any utility transistor can be used. Figure 4 shows a TTL type buffer using an MC74LS04 buffer. Figure 3. Linear Buffer 1 14 2 13 MC3346 +5.0V 4X Subcarrier Output or 1X Subcarrier Output Cin 1000µF R1 3.3k R2 1.8k 3 12 4 11 5 10 6 9 7 8 +5.0V R4 430 Co 1000µF Linear Output R5 56 C2 100pF R3 300 Figure 4. TTL Buffer R3 1.0k MC74LS04 4X Subcarrier Output or 1X Subcarrier Output C1 0.01µF R2 10k 13 12 11 10 9 8 TTL Output C2 47pF MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA 5 6 3 4 1 2 5 MC44144 OUTLINE DIMENSIONS P SUFFIX PLASTIC PACKAGE CASE 626–05 8 5 NOTES: 1. DIMENSION L TO CENTER OF LEADS WHEN FORMED PARALLEL. 2. PACKAGE CONTOUR OPTIONAL (ROUND OR SQUARE CORNERS). 3. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI Y14.5M, 1982. 4. 626–03 AND 626–04 OBSOLETE, NEW STANDARD 626–05. –B – 1 4 F –A – NOTE 2 DIM A B C D F G H J K L M N L C J –T N SEATING – PLANE D H M K G φ 0.13 (0.005) A T M B M MILLIMETERS MIN MAX 9.40 10.16 6.60 6.10 4.45 3.94 0.51 0.38 1.78 1.02 2.54 BSC 1.27 0.76 0.30 0.20 3.43 2.92 7.62 BSC – 10° 0.76 1.01 INCHES MIN MAX 0.370 0.400 0.240 0.260 0.155 0.175 0.015 0.020 0.040 0.070 0.100 BSC 0.030 0.050 0.008 0.012 0.115 0.135 0.300 BSC – 10° 0.030 0.040 M D SUFFIX PLASTIC PACKAGE CASE 751–03 (SO–8) NOTES: 1. DIMENSIONS “A” AND “B” ARE DATUMS AND “T” IS A DATUM SURFACE. 2. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI Y14.5M, 1982. 3. CONTROLLING DIM: MILLIMETER. 4. DIMENSION “A” AND “B” DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD PROTRUSION. 5. MAXIMUM MOLD PROTRUSION 0.15 (0.006) PER SIDE. 6. 751–01 AND –02 OBSOLETE, NEW STANDARD 751–03. –A – 8 5 –B – 1 P 6 –T – D 8 PL 0.25 (0.010) K M T M B M R X 45° C G SEATING PLANE 0.25 (0.010) 4 PL 4 M B S A S F J DIM A B C D F G J K M P R MILLIMETERS MIN MAX 4.80 5.00 3.80 4.00 1.35 1.75 0.35 0.49 0.40 1.25 1.27 BSC 0.18 0.25 0.10 0.25 0° 7° 5.80 6.20 0.25 0.50 INCHES MIN MAX 0.189 0.196 0.150 0.157 0.054 0.068 0.014 0.019 0.016 0.049 0.050 BSC 0.007 0.009 0.004 0.009 0° 7° 0.229 0.244 0.010 0.019 MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA MC44144 Motorola reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products herein. 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MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA 7 MC44144 How to reach us: USA / EUROPE / Locations Not Listed: Motorola Literature Distribution; P.O. Box 20912; Phoenix, Arizona 85036. 1–800–441–2447 or 602–303–5454 JAPAN: Nippon Motorola Ltd.; Tatsumi–SPD–JLDC, 6F Seibu–Butsuryu–Center, 3–14–2 Tatsumi Koto–Ku, Tokyo 135, Japan. 03–81–3521–8315 MFAX: [email protected] – TOUCHTONE 602–244–6609 INTERNET: http://Design–NET.com ASIA/PACIFIC: Motorola Semiconductors H.K. Ltd.; 8B Tai Ping Industrial Park, 51 Ting Kok Road, Tai Po, N.T., Hong Kong. 852–26629298 8 ◊ *MC44144/D* MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA MC44144/D