NSC LPV324MX General purpose, low voltage, low power, rail-to-rail output operational amplifier Datasheet

LPV321 Single/ LPV358 Dual/ LPV324 Quad
General Purpose, Low Voltage, Low Power, Rail-to-Rail
Output Operational Amplifiers
General Description
Features
The LPV321/358/324 are low power (9µA per channel at
5.0V) versions of the LMV321/358/324 op amps. This is another addition to the LMV321/358/324 family of commodity
op amps.
The LPV321/358/324 are the most cost effective solutions
for the applications where low voltage, low power operation,
space saving and low price are needed. The
LPV321/358/324 have rail-to-rail output swing capability and
the input common-mode voltage range includes ground.
They all exhibit excellent speed-power ratio, achieving
152 KHz of bandwidth with a supply current of only 9µA.
The LPV321 is available in space saving SC70-5, which is
approximately half the size of SOT23-5. The small package
saves space on pc boards, and enables the design of small
portable electronic devices. It also allows the designer to
place the device closer to the signal source to reduce noise
pickup and increase signal integrity.
The chips are built with National’s advanced submicron
silicon-gate BiCMOS process. The LPV321/358/324 have bipolar input and output stages for improved noise performance and higher output current drive.
(For V+ = 5V and V− = 0V, Typical Unless Otherwise Noted)
Connection Diagrams
j Guaranteed 2.7V and 5V Performance
j No Crossover Distortion
j Space Saving Package
SC70-5
2.0x2.1x1.0mm
j Industrial Temp.Range
−40˚C to +85˚C
j Gain-Bandwidth Product
152KHz
j Low Supply Current
LPV321
9µA
LPV358
15µA
LPV324
28µA
j Rail-to-Rail Output Swing
V+−3.5mV
@ 100kΩ Load
V−+90mV
j VCM
−0.2V to V+ −0.8V
Applications
n Active Filters
n General Purpose Low Voltage Applications
n General Purpose Portable Devices
14-Pin SO/TSSOP
5-Pin
SC70-5/SOT23-5
DS100920-3
DS100920-1
Top View
Top View
8-Pin SO/MSOP
DS100920-2
Top View
© 1999 National Semiconductor Corporation
DS100920
www.national.com
LPV321 Single/ LPV358 Dual/ LPV324 Quad General Purpose, Low Voltage, Low Power,
Rail-to-Rail Output Operational Amplifiers
August 1999
Ordering Information
Temperature Range
Package
Industrial
Packaging Marking
Transport Media
NSC Drawing
MAA05
−40˚C to +85˚C
5-Pin SC70-5
5-Pin SOT23-5
8-Pin Small Outline
8-Pin MSOP
14-Pin Small Outline
14-Pin TSSOP
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LPV321M7
A19
1k Units Tape and Reel
LPV321M7X
A19
3k Units Tape and Reel
LPV321M5
A27A
1k Units Tape and Reel
LPV321M5X
A27A
3k Units Tape and Reel
LPV358M
LPV358M
Rails
LPV358MX
LPV358M
2.5k Units Tape and Reel
LPV358MM
P358
1k Units Tape and Reel
LPV358MMX
P358
3.5k Units Tape and Reel
LPV324M
LPV324M
Rails
LPV324MX
LPV324M
2.5k Units Tape and Reel
LPV324MT
LPV324MT
Rails
LPV324MTX
LPV324MT
2.5k Units Tape and Reel
2
MA05B
M08A
MUA08A
M14A
MTC14
Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1)
Junction Temp. (Tj, max) (Note 5)
If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required,
please contact the National Semiconductor Sales Office/
Distributors for availability and specifications.
150˚C
Operating Ratings (Note 1)
Supply Voltage
ESD Tolerance (Note 2)
2.7V to 5V
−40˚C≤T J≤85˚C
Temperature Range
Machine Model
100V
Human Body Model
Thermal Resistance (θ
2000V
Differential Input Voltage
± Supply Voltage
Supply Voltage (V+–V −)
5.5V
JA)(Note
10)
5-pin SC70-5
478˚C/W
5-pin SOT23-5
265˚C/W
8-Pin SOIC
190˚C/W
Output Short Circuit to V
+
(Note 3)
8-Pin MSOP
235˚C/W
Output Short Circuit to V
−
(Note 4)
14-Pin SOIC
145˚C/W
14-Pin TSSOP
155˚C/W
Soldering Information
Infrared or Convection (20 sec)
Storage Temp. Range
235˚C
−65˚C to 150˚C
2.7V DC Electrical Characteristics
Unless otherwise specified, all limits guaranteed for T
Symbol
Parameter
J
= 25˚C, V+ = 2.7V, V− = 0V, VCM = 1.0V, VO = V+/2 and R
Conditions
Typ
(Note 6)
Limit
(Note 7)
1.2
7
L
> 1 MΩ.
Units
VOS
Input Offset Voltage
TCVOS
Input Offset Voltage Average
Drift
IB
Input Bias Current
1.7
50
nA
max
IOS
Input Offset Current
0.6
40
nA
max
CMRR
Common Mode Rejection Ratio
0V ≤ VCM ≤ 1.7V
70
50
dB
min
PSRR
Power Supply Rejection Ratio
2.7V ≤ V+ ≤ 5V
VO = 1V, VCM = 1V
65
50
dB
min
VCM
Input Common-Mode Voltage
Range
For CMRR ≥ 50dB
−0.2
0
V
min
1.9
1.7
V
max
V+ -3
V+ -100
mV
min
80
180
mV
max
LPV321
4
8
µA
max
LPV358
Both amplifiers
8
16
µA
max
LPV324
All four amplifiers
16
24
µA
max
VO
IS
Output Swing
Supply Current
2
RL = 100kΩ to 1.35V
3
mV
max
µV/˚C
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2.7V AC Electrical Characteristics
Unless otherwise specified, all limits guaranteed for T
Symbol
J
Parameter
= 25˚C, V+ = 2.7V, V− = 0V, VCM = 1.0V, VO = V+/2 and R
Conditions
CL = 22 pF
Typ
(Note 6)
Limit
(Note 7)
L
> 1 MΩ.
Units
GBWP
Gain-Bandwidth Product
112
KHz
Φm
Phase Margin
97
Deg
Gm
Gain Margin
35
dB
en
Input-Referred Voltage Noise
f = 1 kHz
178
in
Input-Referred Current Noise
f = 1 kHz
0.50
5V DC Electrical Characteristics
Unless otherwise specified, all limits guaranteed for T
Boldface limits apply at the temperature extremes.
Symbol
Parameter
J
= 25˚C, V+ = 5V, V− = 0V, VCM = 2.0V, VO = V+/2 and R
Conditions
L
> 1 MΩ.
Typ
(Note 6)
Limit
(Note 7)
Units
1.5
7
10
mV
max
VOS
Input Offset Voltage
TCVOS
Input Offset Voltage Average
Drift
2
IB
Input Bias Current
2
50
60
nA
max
IOS
Input Offset Current
0.6
40
50
nA
max
CMRR
Common Mode Rejection Ratio
0V ≤ VCM ≤ 4V
71
50
dB
min
PSRR
Power Supply Rejection Ratio
2.7V ≤ V+ ≤ 5V
VO = 1V, VCM = 1V
65
50
dB
min
VCM
Input Common-Mode Voltage
Range
For CMRR ≥ 50dB
−0.2
0
V
min
4.2
4
V
max
100
15
10
V/mV
min
V+ −3.5
V+ −100
V+ −200
mV
min
90
180
220
mV
max
Sourcing, VO = 0V
17
2
mA
min
Sinking, VO = 5V
72
20
mA
min
LPV321
9
12
15
µA
max
LPV358
Both amplifiers
15
20
24
µA
max
LPV324
All four amplifiers
28
42
46
µA
max
AV
Large Signal Voltage Gain
(Note 8)
RL = 100kΩ
VO
Output Swing
RL = 100kΩ to 2.5V
IO
IS
Output Short Circuit Current
Supply Current
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4
µV/˚C
5V AC Electrical Characteristics
Unless otherwise specified, all limits guaranteed for T
Boldface limits apply at the temperature extremes.
Symbol
J
Parameter
= 25˚C, V+ = 5V, V− = 0V, VCM = 2.0V, VO = V+/2 and R
Conditions
Typ
(Note 6)
Limit
(Note 7)
L
> 1 MΩ.
Units
SR
Slew Rate
(Note 9)
0.1
V/µs
GBWP
Gain-Bandwidth Product
CL = 22 pF
152
KHz
Φm
Phase Margin
87
Deg
Gm
Gain Margin
19
dB
en
Input-Referred Voltage Noise
f = 1 kHz,
146
in
Input-Referred Current Noise
f = 1 kHz
0.30
Note 1: Absolute Maximum Ratings indicate limits beyond which damage to the device may occur. Operating Ratings indicate conditions for which the device is intended to be functional, but specific performance is not guaranteed. For guaranteed specifications and the test conditions, see the Electrical Characteristics.
Note 2: Human body model, 1.5 kΩ in series with 100 pF. Machine model, 0Ω in series with 200 pF.
Note 3: Shorting output to V+ will adversely affect reliability.
Note 4: Shorting output to V- will adversely affect reliability.
Note 5: The maximum power dissipation is a function of TJ(max), θJA, and TA. The maximum allowable power dissipation at any ambient temperature is
P D = (TJ(max)–TA)/θJA. All numbers apply for packages soldered directly into a PC board.
Note 6: Typical values represent the most likely parametric norm.
Note 7: All limits are guaranteed by testing or statistical analysis.
Note 8: RL is connected to V -. The output voltage is 0.5V ≤ VO ≤ 4.5V.
Note 9: Connected as voltage follower with 3V step input. Number specified is the slower of the positive and negative slew rates.
Note 10: All numbers are typical, and apply for packages soldered directly onto a PC board in still air.
5
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Typical Performance Characteristics
Supply Current vs Supply
Voltage (LPV321)
Unless otherwise specified, VS = +5V, single supply, TA = 25˚C.
Input Current vs
Temperature
Sourcing Current vs
Output Voltage
DS100920-B4
Sourcing Current vs
Output Voltage
DS100920-B5
Sinking Current vs
Output Voltage
DS100920-42
Output Voltage Swing vs
Supply Voltage
Sinking Current vs
Output Voltage
DS100920-43
Input Voltage Noise vs
Frequency
DS100920-B6
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DS100920-41
Input Current Noise vs
Frequency
DS100920-56
6
DS100920-44
DS100920-70
Typical Performance Characteristics
Unless otherwise specified, VS = +5V, single supply,
TA = 25˚C. (Continued)
Input Current Noise vs Frequency
Crosstalk Rejection vs Frequency
DS100920-68
DS100920-73
CMRR vs
Frequency
CMRR vs Input
Common Mode Voltage
∆VOS vs CMR
DS100920-72
CMRR vs Input
Common Mode Voltage
DS100920-64
DS100920-63
PSRR vs Frequency
∆VOS vs CMR
DS100920-65
Input Voltage vs Output Voltage
DS100920-45
DS100920-46
7
DS100920-69
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Typical Performance Characteristics
Unless otherwise specified, VS = +5V, single supply,
TA = 25˚C. (Continued)
Input Voltage vs
Output Voltage
Open Loop
Frequency Response
DS100920-71
Gain and Phase vs
Capacitive Load
DS100920-52
Gain and Phase vs
Capacitive Load
DS100920-54
Non-Inverting Large
Signal Pulse Response
DS100920-51
Slew Rate vs
Supply Voltage
DS100920-53
Non-Inverting Small
Signal Pulse Response
DS100920-50
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Open Loop
Frequency Response
Inverting Large Signal
Pulse Response
DS100920-49
8
DS100920-55
DS100920-47
Typical Performance Characteristics
Unless otherwise specified, VS = +5V, single supply,
TA = 25˚C. (Continued)
Inverting Small Signal
Pulse Response
Stability vs Capacitive Load
Stability vs Capacitive Load
DS100920-48
DS100920-61
Stability vs Capacitive Load
Stability vs Capacitive Load
DS100920-59
Open Loop Output
Impedance vs Frequency
DS100920-60
THD vs Frequency
DS100920-58
Short Circuit Current
vs Temperature (Sinking)
DS100920-74
DS100920-62
Short Circuit Current
vs Temperature (Sourcing)
DS100920-B7
DS100920-B8
amplifier package, the LPV321/358/324 can be placed
closer to the signal source, reducing noise pickup and increasing signal integrity.
Simplified Board Layout. These products help you to avoid
using long pc traces in your pc board layout. This means that
no additional components, such as capacitors and resistors,
are needed to filter out the unwanted signals due to the interference between the long pc traces.
Low Supply Current. These devices will help you to maximize battery life. They are ideal for battery powered systems.
Application Notes
1.0 Benefits of the LPV321/358/324
Size. The small footprints of the LPV321/358/324 packages
save space on printed circuit boards, and enable the design
of smaller electronic products, such as cellular phones, pagers, or other portable systems. The low profile of the
LPV321/358/324 make them possible to use in PCMCIA
type III cards.
Signal Integrity. Signals can pick up noise between the signal source and the amplifier. By using a physically smaller
9
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Application Notes
ing the value of R F due to the input bias current of the
LPV321/358/324. C F and RISO serve to counteract the loss
of phase margin by feeding the high frequency component of
the output signal back to the amplifier’s inverting input,
thereby preserving phase margin in the overall feedback
loop. Increased capacitive drive is possible by increasing the
value of CF . This in turn will slow down the pulse response.
(Continued)
Low Supply Voltage. National provides guaranteed performance at 2.7V and 5V. These guarantees ensure operation
throughout the battery lifetime.
Rail-to-Rail Output. Rail-to-rail output swing provides maximum possible dynamic range at the output. This is particularly important when operating on low supply voltages.
Input Includes Ground. Allows direct sensing near GND in
single supply operation.
The differential input voltage may be larger than V + without
damaging the device. Protection should be provided to prevent the input voltages from going negative more than −0.3V
(at 25˚C). An input clamp diode with a resistor to the IC input
terminal can be used.
2.0 Capacitive Load Tolerance
The LPV321/358/324 can directly drive 200 pF in unity-gain
without oscillation. The unity-gain follower is the most sensitive configuration to capacitive loading. Direct capacitive
loading reduces the phase margin of amplifiers. The combination of the amplifier’s output impedance and the capacitive
load induces phase lag. This results in either an underdamped pulse response or oscillation. To drive a heavier capacitive load, circuit in Figure 1 can be used.
DS100920-5
FIGURE 3. Indirectly Driving A Capacitive Load with
DC Accuracy
3.0 Input Bias Current Cancellation
The LPV321/358/324 family has a bipolar input stage. The
typical input bias current of LPV321/358/324 is 1.5nA with
5V supply. Thus a 100kΩ input resistor will cause 0.15mV of
error voltage. By balancing the resistor values at both inverting and non-inverting inputs, the error caused by the amplifier’s input bias current will be reduced. The circuit in Figure
4 shows how to cancel the error caused by input bias
current.
DS100920-4
FIGURE 1. Indirectly Driving A Capacitive Load Using
Resistive Isolation
In Figure 1, the isolation resistor RISO and the load capacitor
CL form a pole to increase stability by adding more phase
margin to the overall system. The desired performance depends on the value of RISO. The bigger the RISO resistor
value, the more stable VOUT will be. Figure 2 is an output
waveform of Figure 1 using 100kΩ for RISO and 1000pF for
C L.
DS100920-6
FIGURE 4. Cancelling the Error Caused by Input Bias
Current
4.0 Typical Single-Supply Application Circuits
4.1 Difference Amplifier
The difference amplifier allows the subtraction of two voltages or, as a special case, the cancellation of a signal common to two inputs. It is useful as a computational amplifier, in
making a differential to single-ended conversion or in rejecting a common mode signal.
DS100920-75
FIGURE 2. Pulse Response of the LPV324 Circuit in
Figure 1
The circuit in Figure 3 is an improvement to the one in Figure
1 because it provides DC accuracy as well as AC stability. If
there were a load resistor in Figure 1, the output would be
voltage divided by RISO and the load resistor. Instead, in Figure 3, RF provides the DC accuracy by using feed-forward
techniques to connect VIN to RL. Caution is needed in chooswww.national.com
10
Application Notes
4.2.2 Two-op-amp Instrumentation Amplifier
(Continued)
A two-op-amp instrumentation amplifier can also be used to
make a high-input-impedance DC differential amplifier (Figure 7). As in the three-op-amp circuit, this instrumentation
amplifier requires precise resistor matching for good CMRR.
R4 should equal to R1 and R3 should equal R2.
DS100920-7
DS100920-11
FIGURE 5. Difference Amplifier
FIGURE 7. Two-op-amp Instrumentation Amplifier
4.2 Instrumentation Circuits
4.3 Single-Supply Inverting Amplifier
There may be cases where the input signal going into the
amplifier is negative. Because the amplifier is operating in
single supply voltage, a voltage divider using R3 and R4 is
implemented to bias the amplifier so the input signal is within
the input common-common voltage range of the amplifier.
The capacitor C1 is placed between the inverting input and
resistor R1 to block the DC signal going into the AC signal
source, VIN. The values of R1 and C1 affect the cutoff frequency, fc = 1/2π R 1C1.
As a result, the ouptut signal is centered around mid-supply
(if the voltage divider provides V+/2 at the non-inverting input). The output can swing to both rails, maximizing the
signal-to-noise ratio in a low voltage system.
The input impedance of the previous difference amplifier is
set by the resistor R1, R2, R3, and R 4. To eliminate the problems of low input impedance, one way is to use a voltage follower ahead of each input as shown in the following two instrumentation amplifiers.
4.2.1Three-op-amp Instrumentation Amplifier
The quad LPV324 can be used to build a three-op-amp instrumentation amplifier as shown in Figure 6
DS100920-85
FIGURE 6. Three-op-amp Instrumentation Amplifier
DS100920-13
The first stage of this instrumentation amplifier is a
differential-input, differential-output amplifier, with two voltage followers. These two voltage followers assure that the
input impedance is over 100MΩ. The gain of this instrumentation amplifier is set by the ratio of R2/R 1. R3 should equal
R1 and R4 equal R2. Matching of R3 to R1 and R4 to R2 affects the CMRR. For good CMRR over temperature, low drift
resistors should be used. Making R4 Slightly smaller than R
2 and adding a trim pot equal to twice the difference between
R 2 and R4 will allow the CMRR to be adjusted for optimum.
FIGURE 8. Single-Supply Inverting Amplifier
4.4 Active Filter
4.4.1 Simple Low-Pass Active Filter
The simple low-pass filter is shown in Figure 9. Its
low-frequency gain(ω → o) is defined by −R3/R1. This allows
low-frequency gains other than unity to be obtained. The filter has a −20dB/decade roll-off after its corner frequency fc.
R2 should be chosen equal to the parallel combination of R1
and R3 to minimize errors due to bais current. The frequency
response of the filter is shown in Figure 10
11
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Application Notes
(Continued)
DS100920-14
FIGURE 9. Simple Low-Pass Active Filter
DS100920-15
FIGURE 10. Frequency Response of Simple Low-pass
Active Filter in Figure 9
Note that the single-op-amp active filters are used in to the
applications that require low quality factor, Q (≤ 10), low frequency (≤ 5KHz), and low gain (≤ 10), or a small value for the
product of gain times Q (≤ 100). The op amp should have an
open loop voltage gain at the highest frequency of interest at
least 50 times larger than the gain of the filter at this frequency. In addition, the selected op amp should have a slew
rate that meets the following requirement:
SlewRate ≥ 0.5 x (ωHV OPP) X 10−6V/µsec
Where ωH is the highest frequency of interest, and VOPP is
the output peak-to-peak voltage.
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12
SC70-5 Tape and Reel Specification
DS100920-B3
SOT-23-5 Tape and Reel Specification
TAPE FORMAT
Tape Section
# Cavities
Cavity Status
Cover Tape Status
Leader
0 (min)
Empty
Sealed
(Start End)
75 (min)
Empty
Sealed
Carrier
3000
Filled
Sealed
250
Filled
Sealed
Trailer
125 (min)
Empty
Sealed
(Hub End)
0 (min)
Empty
Sealed
13
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SOT-23-5 Tape and Reel Specification
(Continued)
TAPE DIMENSIONS
DS100920-B1
8 mm
Tape Size
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0.130
0.124
0.130
0.126
0.138 ± 0.002
0.055 ± 0.004
0.157
0.315 ± 0.012
(3.3)
(3.15)
(3.3)
(3.2)
(3.5 ± 0.05)
(1.4 ± 0.11)
(4)
(8 ± 0.3)
DIM A
DIM Ao
DIM B
DIM Bo
DIM F
DIM Ko
DIM P1
DIM W
14
SOT-23-5 Tape and Reel Specification
(Continued)
REEL DIMENSIONS
DS100920-B2
8 mm
Tape Size
7.00
0.059 0.512 0.795 2.165
330.00
1.50
A
B
13.00 20.20 55.00
C
D
N
15
0.331 + 0.059/−0.000
0.567
W1+ 0.078/−0.039
8.40 + 1.50/−0.00
14.40
W1 + 2.00/−1.00
W1
W2
W3
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Physical Dimensions
inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted
5-Pin SC70-5 Tape and Reel
Order Number LPV321M7 and LPV321M7X
NS Package Number MAA05A
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16
Physical Dimensions
inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted (Continued)
5-Pin SOT23-5 Tape and Reel
Order Number LPV321M5 and LPV321M5X
NS Package Number MA05B
17
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Physical Dimensions
inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted (Continued)
8-Pin Small Outline
Order Number LPV358M and LPV358MX
NS Package Number M08A
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18
Physical Dimensions
inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted (Continued)
8-Pin MSOP
Order Number LPV358MM and LPV358MMX
NS Package Number MUA08A
19
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Physical Dimensions
inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted (Continued)
14-Pin Small Outline
Order Number LPV324M and LPV324MX
NS Package Number M14A
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20
inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted (Continued)
14-Pin TSSOP
Order Number LPV324MT and LPV324MTX
NS Package Number MTC14
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LPV321 Single/ LPV358 Dual/ LPV324 Quad General Purpose, Low Voltage, Low Power,
Rail-to-Rail Output Operational Amplifiers
Physical Dimensions
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