M494 SINGLE-CHIP VOLTAGE TUNING SYSTEM WITH 4 ANALOG CONTROLS AND µP INTERFACE . .. . .. . . . . .. .. .. .. . .. . NON-VOLATILE MEMORY FOR 20 PROGRAM WORDS (17 BIT x 20) - TUNING VOLTAGE 12 BITS - BAND 2 BITS - MULTI STANDARD 2 BITS - PROGRAM SKIP BIT 1 BIT - 10,000 MODIFY CYCLES PER WORD - MIN. 10 YEARS DATA RETENTION 13 BIT VOLTAGE SYNTHESIZER (BRM + PWM) NV MEMORY FOR 4 ANALOG CONTROLS (6 BIT x 4) 4 BAND SWITCH OUTPUTS (VHF I & III, UHF, CATV) 5 x 7 KEYBOARD 2 AUDIO VISUAL OUTPUTS (VCR & PC) 2 CODED MULTI STANDARD OUTPUTS (e.g. PAL, SECAM, NTSC etc.) DIRECT 11/2 DIGIT 7 SEGMENT COMMON ANODE LED DISPLAY DRIVING PCM REMOTE CONTROL RECEIVER (M708 transmitter) 5-BIT DATA INPUT + CONTROL LINE FOR P INTERFACE LINEAR AFC DEFEAT OUTPUT FLYBACK/SYNC. COINCIDENCE INPUT FOR SEMI-AUTOMATIC SEARCH STANDBY OUTPUT OPTION SELECT : 16 OR 20 PROGRAMS POWER UP MODE PROGRAM SKIP DEFEAT AV OPTIONS 1 * OR DECADE MODE OPTION IN 20 PROGRAM OPTION TEMPORARY ANALOG UP/DOWN INDICATOR ON LED DISPLAY BAND SKIP OPTION 455 TO 510kHz CHEAP CERAMIC RESONATOR VDD = 5V ± 5%. VPP = 25V ± 1V pable of including a floating gate NV memory cell (EEPROM). The i.c. has been designed as a complete digital TV tuning system based on the voltage synthesis principle and as a replacement for all the conventional potentiometers and band switches particularly in low cost TV sets. It also provides some functions normally only associated with higher cost sets. NV memory is integrated on the chip together with all the necessary control circuitry to providethe program memory. Separate NV memory is also integrated to provide the memory for four analog controls. A seven segment LED display can be directly driven by the chip to display the program selected, and the direction of movement of the analog controls. Provision is made for a remote control receiver both on and off chip, the latter is interfaced via a data input and single control line. (This enables control by a microprocessor). A local keyboard can be used with the device in a variety of configurations. An option select pin provides for different program number options, power up options and skip associated functions. This device is another significant step towards the complete integration of TV control circuitry. The device is packaged in a 40 pin DIL plastic package. DIP40 (Plastic Package) ORDER CODE : M494B1 DESCRIPTION The M494 is a monolithic LSI integrated circuit fabricated in SGS-THOMSON’s EPM2 process ; an N-channel, Planox, double poly MOS process caJune 1991 1/22 M494 D4 1 40 DATA HANDSHAKE D3 2 39 V DD D2 3 38 STANDBY D1 4 37 AFC DEFEAT D0 5 36 FB/SYNC COINCIDENCE OPTION SELECT 6 35 REMOTE CONTROL DISPLAY DRIVE 7 34 VOLUME h+ i 8 33 SATURATION g 9 32 TEST 1 f 10 31 BRIGHTNESS e 11 30 MS 0 VSS 12 29 MS 1 d 13 28 CONTRAST c 14 27 TUNING b 15 26 OSC. OUT a 16 25 OSC. IN AV0 17 24 VHF 1 AV1 18 23 VHF 3 VPP 19 22 CATV MEMORY TIMING 20 21 UHF 494-01.EPS PIN CONNECTIONS Symbol Parameter Value Unit VDD Supply Voltage – 0.3 to 7 V VPP Memory Supply Voltage – 0.3 to 26 V Input Voltage – 0.3 to 15 V 15 V 20 35 5 mA mA mA VI VO(off) IOL Off State Input Voltage Output Low Current LED Driver Outputs : pin h + i All other Outputs pin a-g tPD Max. Delay between Memory Timing & Memory Supply Pulses 5 µs Ptot Total Package Power Dissipation 1 W Tstg Storage Temperature – 25 to + 125 °C Top Operating Temperature 0 to + 70 °C C os Capacitance on Option Select Pin R os Resistance on Option Select Pin C dk Capacitance on data outputs & keyboard inputs when lines are connected by a keyboard switch closure Rk Crts 100 pF 1 kΩ 150 pF Series Resistance of Single Keyboard Switch 10 kΩ Capacitance on Data Handshake Pin 50 pF Stresses above those under ”Absolute Maximum Ratings” may causes permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational sections of this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. 2/22 494-01.TBL ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS M494 Pins Memory Supply Memory Timing Tuning VDD RC FB/sync. Coin. Input Vol. Brigh. Sat. Contr. DACs h+i D0, D1 D2, D3 D4 MS0, MS1 AFC def. AV0, AV1 Option Select Standby a, b, c, d, e, f, g Display Drive UHF, III, I, CATV Data Handshake Symbol IPP R VOL IO(off) VOL IDD VI VIL VIH IIL R VOL IO(off) VIL VIH IIL R VOH VIL VIH IIL VOL IO(off) R VOL IO(off) VIL VIH IIL R VOL IO VIL VIH IIL R VOL VOL IO(off) VOL VOH VIL VIH IO(off) VOL VOH VIL VIH IIL R IO(off) Parameter Memory Supply Current Test Conditions VPP = 25V Write Peak Write Average Erase Peak Erase Average Read Peak Read Average Min. Typ. Pull Down Leakage Supply Current pk to pk VDD = 4.75V, IOL = 2.5mA VDD = 4.75V, V O = 26V VDD = 4.75V, IOL = 5mA VDD = 5.25V 0.5 Max. 35 10 9 5 8 2.5 25 8 100 1 100 13.2 0.8 2.0 VDD = 5.25V, V IL = 0.8V – 0.4 Pull up 30 VDD = 4.75V, IOL = 4mA VDD = 5.25V, V O = 13.2V 1 50 1.5 3.5 VDD = 5.25V, V IL = 1.5V – 50 Pull up 200 VDD = 4.75V, IOL = 30mA 1.5 1.5 3.5 VDD = 5.25V, V IL = 1.5V VDD = 4.75V, IOL = 1mA VO(off) = 5.5V – 0.4 0.4 25 Pull up 30 VDD = 4.75V, IOL = 1mA VDD = 5.25V, V O 13.2V 0.4 50 1.5 3.5 VDD = 5.25V, V IL = 1.5V – 0.4 Pull up 30 VDD = 4.75V, IOL = 100µA VDD = 4.75V, V O = 0.7V 0.4 1.6 1.5 3.5 VDD = 5.25V, V IL = 1.5V – 50 Pull up 200 VDD = 4.75V, IOL = 15mA VDD = 4.75V, IOL = 5mA VDD = 5.25V, V O = 13.2V VDD = 4.75V, IOL = 1mA VDD = 4.75V, IOH = – 150µA 1.5 0.4 50 3 2.4 1.5 3.5 VDD = 5.25V, V O = 13.2V VDD = 4.75V, IOL = 1mA VDD = 4.75V, IOH = 150µA 50 3 2.4 1.5 3.5 VDD = 5.25V, V IL = 1.5V Pull up – 0.4 30 VDD = 5.25V, V O = 13.2V 50 Unit mA mA mA mA mA mA kΩ V µA V mA V V V mA kΩ V µA V V µA kΩ V V V mA V µA KΩ V µA V V mA kΩ V mA V V µA kΩ V V µA V V V V µA V V V V mA kΩ µA 3/22 494-02.TBL STATIC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (Tamb = 0 to 70°C, VDD = 5V unless otherwise specified) M494 DEFINITION OF TERMS The M494 has four conditions or states that it can be in which are defined below. Logic LO 0V and logic HI = 5V. Powered Down VDD = 0V. VPP = 0V On VDD = 5V. VPP = 25V. Device driving display normally. Data Handshake pin configured as RTS i/p. Standby o/p = HI. All other functions operating normally. Standby VDD = 5V. VPP = 0V. Device driving display to show a single static bar (g segment). Data Handshake pin configured as RTS i/p. Stanby o/p = LO. All keyboard commands are disabled except any program command On/Off, On/Stanby. Memory sequence up or down, 1 * and ±10 (decade) commands. Analog controls. Tuning, AV, MS and AFC defeat o/p’s = LO. Band o/p’s = HI (externally pulled up). See Standby section for more detail. Off VDD = 5V. VPP = 0V. Device not driving display. Data Handshake pin configured as OFF o/p. Standby o/p = LO. Display disabled and Display drive o/p = HI (externally pulled up). All keyboard commands disabled except ON/OFF. Remote and data command sources disabled. Analog controls, Tuning, AV, MS and AFC defeat o/p’s = HI (externally pulled up). FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION (clock frequency = 500kHz) VDD & VSS VDD = + 5V ± 5%. When applied, an internal power on reset of 110ms is generated. The voltage threshold for the reset is in the range 3 to 3.5V but is in fact the point at which the internal clock phases start. VSS = 0V. This pin is connected to the substrate of the i.c. and is the reference for all parameters of the device. The signal from the preamplifier (TDA8160) is brought to the RC signal input via an AC coupling network (see Figure 1). VDD (TDA8160) 5V 12V R 2.2kΩ 10kΩ C 4.7nF 4.7nF Figure 1 TDA8160 Test This pin is normally used for post fabrication testing purposes only and should be tied to VSS. However this pin can be used by SGS-THOMSON or the OEM to enable external loading of the memory. Details of how to achieve this can be furnished by SGS-THOMSON. Remote Control Input The integrated RC receiver decodes signals transmitted by the M708 (address 10). The minimum signal amplitude should be 0.5V peak to peak at the input pin. The minimum pulse width should be 8µs. 4/22 C M494 494-02.EPS R The input is self biased to approx. 1.5V. When a large signal is applied to the input a level shift will take place predominantly due to the coupling network. However another time constant is also visible due to the coupling C and the internal resistor R i. (see Figures. 2 & 3). Figure 2 V DD Ri 1.5V to Cct Remote Control I/P 494-03.EPS Oscillator I/O The frequency of the oscillator should be between 445 and 510kHz using a cheap ceramic resonator. The reference frequency of the remote control transmitter must also be in the same range i.e. if the oscillator frequency is 455kHz then the transmitter frequency could be 510kHz or vice versa. M494 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION (continued) τ 1 = RC 1.5V Several tests are performed on the signal : a) Measurement of the pulse distance T (time base synchronization). b) Check of the bit positions relative to the time base windows. c) Check of the parity bit. d) Check of the absence of pulses between parity and stop pulses. e) Check of the noise level. The receiver checks the noise level for a time T after each pulse detected. If all these tests are successful the received word is stored and decoded. If not it is rejected. The transmission is terminated on reception of the end of transmission (EOT) code or if the internal timer measures a transmission interruption of more than 550ms. For more detail concerning the operation of the RC receiver refer to SGS-THOMSON Technical Note No. 155 pp11-12. The RC receiver and the local keyboard have the same command source priority i.e. a local command is not accepted until a previously accepted RC command has been completely executed and the EOT code transmitted. Similarly if a local command is under execution then an RC command will not be accepted. The RC truth table and commands are shown on the next page. Analog Control Outputs Four analog control outputs are implemented to provide for Volume, Brightness, Saturation and Contrast from four 6 bit D/A’s. These D/A’s use the Pulse Width Modulation technique to synthesize a pulse train of constant frequency but variable pulse width (PWM). Each output delivers a 7.8kHz square wave whose duty cycle is variable in 63 steps. External RC filtering and level shifting is required to realise a static DC voltage from the pulse train. If the analog outputs are continuously varied by command from the keyboard or data command sources the outputs will change approx. every 112ms (fck = 500kHz) or approx. every 102ms if the command is issued from the RC command source. One analog control is specifi- 494-04.EPS τ 2 = Ri . C cally designed asa volume control as mute circuitry is built in. On start up reset the analog control outputs except volume are enabled after a period of approx. 1.1 seconds. In the Standby and Off states all the analog control outputs are pulled to logic LO. The normalise command reads the contents of each analog memory sequentially to its corresponding counter and D/A output. Tuning Output The tuning voltage is generated from a 13 bit counter. The program memory stores the 12 MSB’s of the tuning word. The range of the AFC circuitry is at least 3 bits so the LSB of the tuning counter does not affect the resolution of tuning. The contents of the counter are converted using a PWM and a Bit Rate Multiplier (BRM) technique. 13 bits gives 8192 steps which yields a resolution of approximately 3.9mV with a max. tuning voltage of 32V. This corresponds to a resolution of about 75kHz in the UHF band. The 5 MSB’s of the tuning word are converted using PWM and the remaining 8 bits using BRM. Thus as the tuning word increases from all zeroes the number of pulsesin one period increases to 256 with all the pulses being the same length (to = 2µs). For values larger then 256 PWM conversion takes place where the number of pulses in one period stays constant at 256 but the width changes. When the pulse width reaches 15to two successive pulses ”link” together and the number of pulses decreases (see Figure 4). The pulse train is fed to an external low pass filter to realise a DC voltage. The temperature dependence of this system is predominantly the switching times of the output pulses and as there are only a maximum of 256 pulses in one period the temperature stability is very good. In Standby and Off states the tuning output is pulled to logic LO. Figure 4 No OF PULSES 256 1V 31V 494-05.EPS Figure 3 TUNING VOLTAGE 5/22 M494 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION (continued) Table 1 : Remote Control Commands (address 10, code = 1010) Command Number 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 29 28 30 Function 16 Programs EOT Standby Mute (toggle) Program 1 Program 2 Program 3 Program 4 Contrast up Contrast down Program 5 Program 6 Program 7 Program 8 Memory Seq. up Memory Seq. down Program 9 Program 10 Program 11 Program 12 Normalise On/stby (tog.) Program 13 Program 14 Program 15 Program 16 Volume up Volume down Brightness up Brightness down Saturation up Saturation down 20 Programs EOT Standby Mute (toggle) Program 1 Program 2 Program 3 Program 4 Contrast up Contrast down Program 5 Program 6 Program 7 Program 8 Memory Seq. up Memory Seq. down Program 9 Program 0 – 10 (decade) + 10 (decade) Normalise On/stby (tog.) 1* NOP NOP NOP Volume up Volume down Brightness up Brightness down Saturation up Saturation down Code C1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 C2 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 C3 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 C4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 C5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 C6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 The above table showns the difference between the 16 and 20 program options with respect to the remote control commands. Commands 16, 17, 18 &21 change function between the two options. Commands 22, 23 & 24 should not be used in the 20 program option, as they have no function. NOP = No operation Program Memory NV memory (EEPROM) is integrated on the chip to provide storage for up to 20 stations. Each memory location is 17 bits in length providing 12 bits for tuning voltage, 2 bits for band, 2 bits for two coded multi-standard outputs and 1 bit program skip flag. Individual program words canbe read on command from the keyboard, remote or data command sources but can only be written on command from the keyboard. There are two methods for storing a program (writing the memory) : pre and post tuning selection of the program number. See Commands, section 7. Reading each memory location in sequence (up or down) can also be achieved from all the command sources. All memory timing functions are provided on chip and only one external transistor is required to switch the external memory supply (25V). 6/22 There are essentially two operations carried out on the memory : Write/Modify and Read. The Write/Modify cycle consists of 3 steps : a) All ”1s” are written to the bits of the addressed word. b) All bits of the word are erased. c) The new contents are written. Using this method all the bits of the addressed word are aged the same. For more detail concerningthe write, erase and read current waveforms at the Memory Supply pin see M491 datasheet. Memory For Analog Controls The memory for the analog controls is electrically identical to the main program memory but is organised as four 6-bit words located in two sequentially addressed words at the memory. Each word corresponds to the Volume, Brightness, Saturation and Contrast outputs. At power on reset and normalise command each memory word is read out to its corresponding counter and D/A in sequence. M494 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION (continued) Figure 5 MUX PERIOD ( (8ms) 2ms) D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 DISPLAY DRIVE 494-06.EPS DISPLAY SCAN DECISION 640µs INITIALIZE Display, Keyboard and Data Multiplexing Logic is integrated on the chip to provide the multiplexing between the display, keyboard and data inputs. In the On state and with the Data Handshake pin at logic HI as an input the display and keyboard are muxed together. See Figure 5. Each column output goes to logic LO in sequence and the row inputs are scanned for a key closure. In chronological order across the total mux. period there is : initialisation, scan, decision and display periods. The Data Handshake pin has a complex logical function. It has two modes of operation : as a hand shake I/O line to a µP and as an output line to the P to signal that the M494 is in the Off state. In order to achieve this function careful signal timing is required both internally and externally to the chip. See Figure 6. When the device is in the OFF state the Data Handshake pin is used to signal this condition to the µP by being pulled LO. Figure 6 : Data-input-timing B1 C1 t D1 CR A2 B2 C2 t D2 CR t O/P DATA HANDSHAKE t RTS t O/P t CTS D0 - D4 t CTS DATA DATA tS EOE (END OF TRANSMISSION) tj NOT TO SCALE DATA HANDSHAKE PIN CONFIGURATION I/O A3 tH K/B AND RC I/P DISABLED TILL EOT EXECYTION t HS O/I N° Symbol Parameter 1 tRTS Request to Send Pulse (RTS) 2 tCTS Clear to Send (CTS) 3 tO/P Pin Output Configuration 4 tHS Handshake Time 5 tS Data Set up Time 6 tH Data Hold Time 7 tJ Synchronization Jitter 8 tCR CTS to next RTS Pulse I/O O/I Min. 5 12 10 128 (EOT = END OF TRANSMISSION) Typ. Max. Unit 10 µs 512 µs 8 ms µs 128 µs 256 µs 8 ms 98 ms 494-07.EPS - 494-03.TBL A1 Note : Oscillator Clock = 500kHz 7/22 M494 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION (continued) Display The M494 is capable of directly driving a 1 digit common anode LED display at the max. sink current of 15mA per segment. The h+i pin is capable of sinking a max. current of 30mAso that these two segments can be driven from the same pin and be the same brightness as the other segments. On instruction from the internal command decoder the display shows programme number, direction of analog control movement, decade changeor Memory Addressing function active. Analog controls in this context are defined as Tuning, Volume, Contrast, Saturation & Brightness. The formats of the display for analog control direction, decade change and Memory Addressing are shown below respectively : DOWN MEMORY ADDRESSING |* This avoids confusion as to which command should be executed and provides feed back to the user. For the Option select line all options/commands can be active simultaneously. 1 * mode or decade mode can be selected on the option select line by the presence of a diode or not respectively. These two modes are only active for the 20 program option and are described below : I* AND MEM. ADDR. 494-08.EPS UP For the main keyboard matrix (a-g x D0-D4), if the logic detects two keys closed simultaneously the display is blanked to indicate this condition to the user and no command is executed. When the logic detects only one key pressed the display will re-illuminate and the command be executed. For the analog controls the above condition is displayed with an ”overrun” time of 300ms. i.e. the display will show the ”arrows” for a period of 300ms after the release of any analog control up or down key. The Memory Addressing function display flashes at 5Hz after the Memory Addressing function is commanded and continues to flash until a programme is selected or any other command is given. In 1 * the g segment only flashes at 5Hz and continues to flash until a programme number is selected or any other command is given. If in Memory Addressing and 1 * is pressed then the display above is shown with segments g & d only flashing at 5Hz until a programme number is selected or any other commands is given. When Store or Set Skip Flag commands are executed the whole display is flashed at 5Hz for 1 second. Keyboard It is possible to implement a keyboard with a max. size of 35 keys as a 5 x 7 array. Fig. 8 shows the arrangement of the key matrix. Each key connects a row (a-g) with a column (D0-D4) with a max. resistance of 10kΩ. De-bounce logic is integrated on the chip that only allows acceptance of a command if the key is closed for longer than 40ms except for the On/Standby and On/Off commands where the relevant keys must be closed for approximately 100ms. This is equivalent to 2 received RC commands). 8/22 In 1 * mode the display will toggle in & out of the condition shown in the Display Section. Access to programs in the first decade is made by simply pressing any 0-9 program key and access to programs in the second decade, whatever the current program is made by pressing 1 * followed by any 0-9 program key. In decade mode on pressing either ±10 (decade) keys the display will light or extinguish the half digit respectively and simultaneously effect the tuning information. e.g. if the device is in program 3 pressing + 10 (decade) key will give program 13 and then pressing - 10 (decade) key will give program 3. Pressing - 10 (decade) again will have no effect. The 20 program option select acts like an enable for the 1 * or decade modes. i.e. the 1 * or decade modes are only selectable in the 20 program option. In 16 program option the function of the 1* key, program key 0, -10 (decade) & + 10 (decade) are changed to no function, programme 10, 11 & 12 respectively. i.e. The difference between fig. 7 & 8 for those keys that change function. If the 1 * key is pressed followed by brightness up for example the device will increase the brightness only and reset the 1 * command i.e. the last command from any command source will always be executed if it is a single keystroke command and the 1 * command will be reset by it. It is possible to press the 1 * key on the keyboard and then a program 0-9 command from RC or Data command sources or vice versa. Thus there are 2 methods of selecting a program from the keyboard for the 16 program option : direct access (only up to 12 programs) or Memory sequence up/down. And there are 3 methods of selecting a program from the keyboard for the 20 program option : 1 * mode, decade mode and Memory sequence up/down. M494 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION (continued) Figure 7 : Keyboard 16 Programs 1 8 NORMALIZE CONTRAST UP STORE PROGRAM 2 9 ON/STANDBY CONTRAST (TOGGLE) DOWN 3 10 VOLUME UP BRIGHTNESS TUNE UP UP 4 11 VOLUME DOWN BRIGHTNESS TUNE DOWN DOWN 5 12 SET SKIP FLAG ON/OFF (TOGGLE) a STORE ANALOG VALUES b c d BAND SEQUENCE e SATURATION MEMORY UP SEQUENCE UP 6 MS SEQUENCE M494 f 7 MUTE (TOGGLE) SATURATION MEMORY DOWN SEQUENCE DOWN 16* AV1* P/U* OFF MEMORY ADDRESSING g AV2 P/U STANDBY OPTION SELECT SKIP OFF h +i D0 D1 D2 D3 494-09.EPS D4 * = DEFAULT P/U = POWER UP 9/22 M494 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION (continued) Figure 8 : Keyboard 20 Programs 1 8 NORMALIZE CONTRAST UP STORE PROGRAM 2 9 ON/STANDBY CONTRAST (TOGGLE) DOWN 3 0 VOLUME UP BRIGHTNESS TUNE UP UP 4 -10 DECADE VOLUME DOWN BRIGHTNESS TUNE DOWN DOWN 5 +10 DECADE SET SKIP FLAG ON/OFF (TOGGLE) 6 1* SATURATION MEMORY UP SEQUENCE UP a STORE ANALOG VALUES b c d BAND SEQUEN CE e MS SEQUEN CE M494 f 7 MUTE (TOGGLE) SATURATION MEMORY DOWN SEQUENCE DOWN AV1* P/U* OFF MEMORY ADDRESS ING g 20 AV2 P/U STANDBY DECADE* MODE 1*MODE OPTION SELECT SKIP OFF h+i D0 D1 D2 D3 * = DEFAULT P/U = POWER UP 10/22 494-10.EPS D4 M494 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION (continued) Data Input Shown below are the codes for the commands : see Table 2. lected only in a rolling sequence by the band sequence keyboard command. The sequence is as follows : VHF III, UHF, VHF I, CATV. The Data input will accept signals whose timing is defined in Figure 6 and electrical characteristics defined in the table of static electrical characteristics. The EOT code must be transmitted after each command after a min. period of 112ms. Multi Standard Outputs Two coded multi standard outputs (or general purpose TV system flags) are provided so that the TV set can be designed for use in areas of more than one transmission standard. This function requires an external decoder to realise 4 different standards e.g. PAL 1, PAL 2, NTSC, SECAM etc. The multi standard sequence command available from the keyboard gives a simple binary count at the two outputs : 00, 01, 10, 11, 00 etc. In Standby and Off states the multistandard outputs are pulled to logic LO. Band Outputs Four band outputs are provided for selection of the signal band : VHF I & III, UHF and CATV. Band skip logic is implemented so that by tieing the relevant pin to VSS a band can be skipped in regions of no transmission in that band. The bands can be seTable 2 : Data Commands Command Number 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 Function 16 Programs 20 Programs EOT EOT Program 1 Program 1 Program 2 Program 2 Program 3 Program 3 Program 4 Program 4 Program 5 Program 5 Program 6 Program 6 Program 7 Program 7 Program 8 Program 8 Program 9 Program 9 Program 10 Program 0 Program 11 – 10 (decade) Program 12 + 10 (decade) Program 13 1* Program 14 NOP Program 15 NOP Program 16 NOP Normalise Normalise Volume up Volume up Volume down Volume down Contrast up Contrast up Contrast down Contrast down Brightness up Brightness up Brightness down Brightness down Saturation up Saturation up Saturation down Saturation down Memory Seq. up. Memory Seq. up. Memory Seq. down Memory Seq. down On/standby (toggle) On/standby (toggle) Standby Standby Mute (toggle) Mute (toggle) NO TRANSMISSION (pulled up) D0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 D1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 Code D2 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 D3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 D4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 The above table shown the difference between the 16 and 20 program options with respect to the Data input commands. Commands 10, 11, 12 & 13 change function between the two options. Commands 14, 15 & 16 should not be used in the 20 program option, as they have no function. NOP = No operation. 11/22 M494 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION (continued) Audio Visual Outputs Two audio visual outputs are provided for automatic selection of a VCR and/or personal computer. The logicstate of the pins dependson the AV option selected, the program option and the program number selected according to the truth tables below : Table 3 : AV Option 1 (16/20 Programs) Program AV0 AV1 16/0 15/19 Others 1 0 0 0 1 0 If the device goes into Standby from On then any program command will bring the device On with that program selected. On/Off command from keyboard o nly will exe cute the Off funct io n. On/Standby, Memory sequence up or down, 1 * and ± 10 (decade) commands from any command source will bring the device On in the program selected before Standby with the display showing that program only, i.e. the device executes an On command only. If the device goes into Standby from Powered down then the On/Off command from keyboard only and any program command, On/Standby, Memory sequence up or down, 1 * and ± 10 (decade) commands from any command source will bring the device On in program 1. i.e. the device executes an On command only. Table 4 : AV Option 2 (16/20 Programs) Program AV0 8/8 7/7 6/6 Others 1 0 1 0 AV1 0 1 1 0 Option Select External pull up resistors must be used to realise a logic HI as the outputs are open drain transistors. See I/O Configuration. The Option select pin provides an extra line that performs a ”hard wired keyboard function” in conjunction with the keyboard scanning lines D0-D4. This line has integrated logic associated with it that enables one or many of the functions to be active simultaneously. In contrast, the keyboard inputs a-g will allow one key active at any given time. See keyboard section. AFC Defeat Output The AFC defeat output is a TTL compatible signal that is capable of switching the AFC circuitry in and out. The AFC defeat output is pulled LO on any program change including memory sequence up and down and is held LO for 500ms after execution of the command. When tune up or down are commanded the AFC defeat output is taken to logic LO. After the tuning operation the AFC defeat is held LO for 1 second after the key is released (see Figure 9). On power on & start up resets it is taken to logic LO for approx. 1.1 seconds. Figure 9 AFC DEFE AT OUTPUT RELEASED 1s Standby The standby output is a push pull output capable of directly driving an NPN transistor for switching a relay. The states of this pin are defined in the definition of terms. When standby is commanded, available from all command sources as Standby or On/Standby commands, the standby output is enabled. 12/22 494-11.EPS TUNE UP/DO WN : KEYED Various options can be selected by the connection or not of a diode as shown in Figures 7 & 8. From left to right along the Option select line column 1 selects the number of programs. A diode connected here selects 20 programs (full complement) and no diode (default) selects 16 programs only that can be accessed. The 20 program option only enables selection of 1 * or decade modes in column 4. In column 2 the AV option defines the state of the AV outputs for two protocols. These are described in section Audio visual output. Column 3 defines the state the M494 powers up in. If no connection of a diode (default) is made here the device powers up in the Off state. If a diode is present then the device powers up in the Standby state. In column 4, activated by the 20 program option only, the presence of a diode places the device in 1 * mode and the absence of a diode selects decade mode. The diode and switch in column 5 defeats the skip condition and enables program memory words to be read with the skip flag set. This allows programming (or reprogramming) of previously skipped words. M494 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION (continued) Skip Function Program skip is implemented in the M494 by a single memory bit associated with each program word. The bit acts as a flag to the device to indicate that the program word should be skipped and the next program word read from the memory in ascending or descending order if the skip flag is set. Programs are skipped only when accessed using the memory sequence up/down commands. Direct access to a program from the keyboard, RC or data command sources will always override the skip function. e.g. if skip is set on prog. 7 and prog. 7 is commanded from RC then prog. 7 will be tuned even if there is nc prog. stored in that memory location. In order to program the skip bit and to defeat its function when required two commands are available : set skip flag and skip defeat. The skip defeat switch is designed to be activated by a facia panel on the TV set under which are infrequently used controls. On the set skip flag command the M494 stores the current contents of the tuning, band and MS counters and sets the skip bit. After the set skip flag operation the contents of the tuning, band and MS counters will not change and the device continues to output these values. The operation is transparent to the user in terms of function but is indicated on the display by the program number flashing at 5Hz for 1 second. In order to reset the skip bit for any program word the desired program should be selected with skip defeated. A station should then be tuned, if required, and then the store command issued. The store command automatically resets the skip flag. The skip defeat command enables the reading and writing (plus resetting of skip flag) of memory words whose skip flag is set. If skip is defeated the device will only access the number of programs selected by the option select i.e. If 16 programs only are selected then skip defeat will NOT enable access to all 20 programs. Reset There are two conditions under which the M494 is reset : power on and start up (On command). Power on reset is triggered whenever VDD falls below about 3V. The duration of this reset is 110ms after VDD has been restored. Power On Reset (Powered down to Off or Standby states) After the reset period of 110ms : a) The program counter is set to program 1. b) The outputs are disabled as defined in the Off and Standby states. See Standby & Off definitions. c) The option selection, keyboard, momentary on switch and, when in standby, the display, RC and data inputs become active. For the ”activity level” of the keyboard in Off and standby states. See Standby & Off definitions. d) An internal register is set to indicate that the device has powered up from the powered down state. Start Up Reset (Standby or Off states to On state) A start up reset is instigated by the reception of the commands given in the definition of terms or the Standby section. The following then occurs : a) The internal register indicating that the device has powered up from the powered down state is read : I) If the register is set than the memory word addressed by the program counter is loaded into the tuning counter and then the analog values are read rom the memory. II) If the register is reset then the previously selected tuning and analog values are left unchanged. b) The AFC is defeated and the volume muted for a period of approx 1.7 seconds or 0.6 seconds longer than the other analog outputs. c) The tuning and analogue outputs, except volume, are enabled after approx. 1.1 seconds. d) The volume output is enabled after 1.7 seconds e) The standby output is pulled up internally to logic HI f) The internal register is reset. If the device has either of the power up options (power up in Off or standby states) selected then it will perform a power up reset but all the outputs and command sources will remain disabled, then onthe On command, a start up reset will be performed. If the device is required to power up in the On state using the momentary mechanical switch connected to the h+i pin then it will perform an ordinary power on reset followed immediately by a start up reset. The outputs and command sources will be enabled after the periods defined above. 13/22 M494 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION (continued) Manual Tuning Manual tuning commands tune up or down, are available from keyboard only and are provided to allow both manual station search and tuning adjustments. If a continuous tuning up or down command is made from the keyboard the speed of movement of the tuning counter is as shown in fig. 10 for the UHF and CATV bands. Time to is the start time for the key being pressed. When the FB/sync. coincidence input is a logic HI the tuning speed is reduced to 16 steps/sec. If, at time to the FB/sync. coincidence input is at logic LO than the tuning.sweep speed jumps immediately to 512 steps/sec. For VHF III & I all these levels are shifted up by a factor of 2 & 4 respectively giving slowest speeds of 8 steps/sec. and 16 steps/sec. and highest speeds of 1024 steps/sec and 2048 steps/sec. If the continuity of command is broken by releasing the keyboard for example then the tuning speed returns to its slowest speed when the FB/sync. coincidence input is at logic HI. If the upper or lower limit of a band is reached during manual tuning then tuning will continue in the same direction from the opposite limit after a 480ms delay to allow for the discharge of the external network. The tuning counter is 13 bits in length giving a range of 8192 steps. The UHF band has a bandwidth of approx. 400MHz. Thus in the UHF band the slowest speed of 4 steps/sec. gives a tuning speed of about 200kHz/sec. The fastest speed of 512 step/sec. corresponds to a total band sweep time of 16 seconds. Program Memory Sequence A continuous up/down program memory command from keyboard produces a program change every 500ms. From remote control and data command sources a continuous program memory sequence command produces a program change approx. every 500ms or every 5 received commands. A memory sequence up or down command issued from any source will bring the device out of standby to the program selected before standby was commanded. The memory sequence up or down will not then commence until the command is stopped and reissued from any source (until an EOT has been received or internally generated). Figure 10 : Tuning Sweep Speed (UHF & CATV BANDS) TUNING SWEEP SPEED (STEP/SEC) 512 32 16 8 4 Time (sec) 1 2 3 FB/SYNC. COINCIDENCE 14/22 FB/SYNC. FB/SYNC. COINCIDENCE COINCIDENCE 494-12.EPS t0 M494 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION (continued) Mute The sound mute function is available as a toggle command from all command sources. There are other commands and functions during which the sound is muted : - FB/sync. coincidence - If there is no FB/sync. coincidence under any conditions the sound is muted. - Start up reset - the sound is muted for approx. 1.7 seconds. - Program change - the sound is muted for 0.6 seconds on any program change ; direct, 1 * + 0-9 program (only after the second keystroke), ±10 (decade) & Memory sequence up/down continuous or single keystrokes. - Standby & Off states - the sound is muted. - Band sequence - same as program change. The sound is demuted under the following conditions : - When the mute command is received from any source. - When the device is commanded On from standby of Off, i.e. if the device was muted when the standby command was issued then when On is commanded it will always start up with the sound demuted after the reset and settling period of approx. 17 seconds. - Volume up - if volume up is commanded whilst the sound is muted then the volume will increase from zero. - Volume down - if volume down is commanded whilst the sound is muted then there is no effect. - Any program change - the sound is NOT demuted. Momentary On Switch Provision is made for a momentary switch connected between the h+i pin and ground to force the M494 to make Power on and Start up resets automatically so that the device attains the On state immediately. The condition of the h+i pin is latched after the reset period of 110ms. Therefore the period of switch contact closure should be a min. of 120ms. Figures. 11 & 12 respectively show in flow diagram form the two methods for storing a station : pretuning program selection and post tuning program selection. Figures. 13, 14 & 15 show the select programme subroutine for Figures. 11 & 12 for either 16 program option or 20 program option with 1 * or ±10 (decade modes). 15/22 M494 COMMANDS Command Source Function Programs 1-12 KB, D,RC (16 opt.) Reads the contents of the memory location : 2MSB’s to the MS counter, next 2 MSB’s to the band counter next 12 MSB’s to the tuning counter and D/A and LSB to skip flag register. Initiates an on command only after standby. Programs 0-9 KB, D, RC (20 opt.) Reads the contents of the memory location : 2MSB’s to the MS counter, next 2 MSB’s to the band counter next 12 MSB’s to the tuning counter and D/A and LSB to skip flag register. Initiates an on command only after stndby. Programs 13-16 D, RC (16 opt.) Reads the contents of the memory location : 2 MSB’s to the MS counter, next 2 MSB’s to the band counter next 12 MSB’s to the tuning counter and D/A and LSB to skip flag register. Initiates a on command only after standby. – 10 (decade) KB, D, RC (20 opt.) Sustracts 10 from the current program (if possible). Initiates an on command only after standby. + 10 (decade) KB, D, RC, Adds 10 to the current program (if possible). Initiates an on command only after standby. (20 opt.) 1* KB, D, RC (20 opt.) Commands the M494 to wait for a 0-9 program command or to reset on any other command. Display shows half digit and g segment flashing at 5Hz. Initiates an on command only after standby. Vol. up/down Bri. up/down Sat. up/down Con. up/down KB, D, RC Increments up or down the relevant analog control counter every keystrobe or continuously every 112ms from KB and every 102ms from the RC and data inputs. The display shows an up/down arrow for 300ms min. Tune up/down KB Increments up or down the tuning counter. The speed or increment/decrement is defined by Figure 10. The display shows an up/down arrow for 300ms min. Mem. up/down KB, D, RC The program number (memory location) is incremented/decremented. Mute (toggle) KB, D, RC Volume Mute. See mute section. Standby D, RC Commands the standby state. On/standby (toggle) KB, D, RC Commands the standby state from the on state and the on state from the standby state. ON/OFF KB Commands the on state when in the off state and commands the off state when in the on state. See standby section. Store Program KB The currently addressed memory location is written from the tuning, band and MS counters and the skip flag is reset. See fig. 11. Execution of this command is indicated by the display flashing at 5Hz for 1 second. Store analog Controls KB The analog control memories are written in sequence from the analog control counters. Execution of this command is indicated by the display flashing at 5Hz for 1 second. Band Sequence KB Command the next band in the sequence as defined in bands outputs section. One step for each key strobe. MS Sequence KB Increments the MS counter by binary one. One step for each key strobe. Normalise Analog KB, D, RC Reads the analog memories in sequence to their corresponding D/A’s. The analog control outputs are disabled during the read sequence. Memory Addressing KB Strobes the program selected immediately after the memory addressing command (post tuning program selection). See Figure 12. Set Skip Flag KB Sets the skip flag on the currently selected program. Execution of this command is indicated by the display flashing at 5Hz for 1 second. Skip Defeat OS Defeats the function of the skip bit to allow reading and writing of the currently selected program. KB = Keyboard; D = Data; RC = Remove Control; OS = Option Select. Figures 11 & 12 respectively show in flow diagram from the two methods for storing a station : pretuning program selection and post tuning program selection. 16/22 Figures 13, 14 & 15 show the select program subroutine for Figures 11 & 12 for either 16 program option or 20 program option with 1* or ± 10 (decade modes). M494 COMMANDS (continued) Figure 11 : Normal Methods for Storing a Station (preselection of program number) BEGIN SELECT PROGRAM SET SKIP FLAG AT CURRENT PROGRAMME ? Yes SET SKIP FLAG & STORE No No CONTINUE ? Yes END TUNE UP/DOWN No STATION TUNED ? Yes END 494-19.EPS STORE SELECTED PROGRAMME NO. FLASHES AT 5Hz FOR 1 SECOND 17/22 M494 COMMANDS (continued) Figure 12 : Secondary Method for Storing a Station (postselection of program number) BEGIN TIME UP/DOWN No STATION TUNED ? Yes STORE STATION AT CURRENT PROGRAMME ? Yes No SET SKIP FLAG AT CURRENT PROGRAMME ? SET SKIP FLAG & STORE Yes No STORE No CONTINUE ? Yes END MEMORY ADDRESSING THIS DISPLAY FLASHES AT 5Hz UNTIL A PROGRAMME SELECTION IS COMPLETED OR ANY OTHER COMMAND IS GIVEN SELECT PROGRAMME (Direct Only) 494-20.EPS SELECTED PROGRAMME NO. FLASHES AT 5Hz FOR 1 SECOND END Figure 13 : Program Selection Routine (16 program) BEGIN 18/22 No Yes SELECT NUMBER MEMORY SEQUENCE END END UP OR DOWN TO DESIRED PROGRAMME 494-21.EPS KEY PRESENT FOR DESIRED PROGRAMME? M494 COMMANDS (continued) Figure 14 : Program Selection Routine (20 program, 1 * mode) BEGIN No UPPER DECADE ? Yes SELECT 1* AGAIN (TOGGLE) SELECT 1* SELECT PROGRAM END No CORRECT ? Yes SELECT PROGRAM END 494-22.EPS g SEGMENT FLASHES AT 5Hz UNTIL A PROGRAM IS SELECTED OR ANY OTHER COMMAND IS GIVEN PREVIOUS PROGRAMME NUMBER IS DISPLAYED Figure 15 : Program Selection Routine (20 program, decade mode) BEGIN No CHANGE DECADE ? SELECT + OR - DECADE SELECT PROGRAM SELECT PROGRAM IF NECESSARY END 494-23.EPS Yes END 19/22 M494 INPUT/OUTPUT PINS Figure 16 Figure 17 OSC. OUT ST ANDBY OUTPUT Figure 18 494-14.EPS 494-13.EPS OSC. IN Figure 19 BAND 494-15.EPS 494-16.EPS FB/SYNC COINCIDENCE OPTION SELECT Figure 20 Figure 21 VOL, BRI, SAT, CON, TUNING MEM. TIMING, AFC DEFEAT MS, DISPLAY DRIVE 20/22 494-18.EPS 494-17.EPS D0 - D4, a-g, h+i, AV DATA HANDSHAKE h g f e e i 494-24.EPS i f h M708 d d a c b c b a D0 D5 D1 D5 TDA8160 +5V D2 D5 D3 R39 2.2kΩ D5 D4 4.7nF D5 Prg Down Prg Up Band Seq Tune Down Tune Up Store Analog Store Prog Relay +5/12V C11 100nF 1 2 3 4 5 8 6 9 10 11 13 14 15 16 38 25 Osc T2 BC177 26 12 32 7 C12 100nF R3 680Ω R4 1kΩ MS1 36 37 19 T3 BC297 40 39 +5V R9 5.6kΩ 1% R8 1.6kΩ 1% AFC DEF OUT R34 R33 R28 8.2kΩ R27 8.2kΩ R26 8.2kΩ R25 8.2kΩ R23 22kΩ R24 5.6kΩ R21 22kΩ R22 5.6kΩ R19 22kΩ R20 5.6kΩ R17 22kΩ R18 5.6kΩ R36 5.6kΩ 17 18 21 22 23 24 28 31 33 34 27 R10 1.5kΩ +5V R2 R7 82kΩ T4 BF259 C1 22µF 11mA VH (V) - 33V FB Sync R38 30 20 2 x 5.6kΩ MS0 R37 29 M494 35 R5 6.8kΩ R6 4.7kΩ R2 = R1/4 R1 (kΩ) = 2 x 5.6kΩ 500kHz VOL AV0 AV1 C10 10µF CON C9 10µF LUM C8 10µF SAT C7 10µF R13 33kΩ DL1 R29 10kΩ R14 33kΩ DL2 R15 56kΩ R35 680Ω DL3 R16 82kΩ DL4 Tuning Voltage +12V C6 100nF VHF I VHF III CATV UHF T9 BC177 R32 10kΩ C5 100nF T8 BC177 R31 10kΩ C4 150nF T7 BC177 R30 10kΩ T5 BSX93 T6 BC177 C2 100nF R12 3.3kΩ R11 3.9kΩ TAA550 Z1 R1 High Voltage M494 TYPICAL APPLICATION 21/22 M494 PM-DIP40.EPS PACKAGE MECHANICAL DATA 40 PINS - PLASTIC PACKAGE Dimensions a1 b b1 b2 D E e e3 F i L Min. Millimeters Typ. 0.63 0.45 0.23 Max. Min. 0.31 0.009 1.27 Max. 0.012 0.050 52.58 16.68 15.2 Inches Typ. 0.025 0.018 2.070 0.657 0.598 2.54 48.26 0.100 1.900 14.1 4.445 3.3 0.555 0.175 0.130 Information furnished is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, SGS-THOMSON Microelectronics assumes no responsibility for the consequences of use of such information nor for any infringement of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. No licence is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of SGS-THOMSON Microelectronics. Specifications mentioned in this publication are subject to change without noti ce. This publication supersedes and replaces all information previously supplied. SGS-THOMSON Microelectronics products are not authorized for use as critical components in life support devices or systems without express written approval of SGS-THOMSON Microelectronics. 1995 SGS-THOMSON Microelectronics - All Rights Reserved Purchase of I2C Components of SGS-THOMSON Microelectronics, conveys a license under the Philips I2C Patent. Rights to use these components in a I2C system, is granted provided that the system confo rms to the I2C Standard Specifications as defined by Philips. SGS-THOMSON Microelectronics GROUP OF COMPANIES Australia - Brazil - China - France - Germany - Hong Kong - Italy - Japan - Korea - Malaysia - Malta - Morocco The Netherlands - Singapore - Spain - Sweden - Switzerland - Taiwan - Thailand - United Kingdom - U.S.A. 22/22