TL431 PROGRAMMABLE VOLTAGE REFERENCE ■ ADJUSTABLE OUTPUT VOLTAGE : 2.5 to 36V ■ SINK CURRENT CAPABILITY : 1 to 100mA ■ TYPICAL OUTPUT IMPEDANCE : 0.22Ω ■ 1% AND 2% VOLTAGE PRECISION DESCRIPTION Z TO92 (Plastic Package) The TL431 is a programmable shunt voltage reference with guaranteed temperature stability over the entire temperature range of operation. The output voltage may be set to any value between 2.5V and 36V with two external resistors. The TL431 operates with a wide current range from 1 to 100mA with a typical dynamic impedance of 0.22Ω. ORDER CODE Part Number Temperature Range TL431C/AC TL431I/AI 0°C, +70°C -40°C, +105°C D SO8 (Batwing Plastic Micropackage) Package Z D • • • • Z = TO92 Plastic package - also available in Bulk (Z), Tape & Reel (ZT) and Ammo Pack (AP) D = Small Outline Package (SO) - also available in Tape & Reel (DT) PIN CONNECTIONS (top view) SO8 (Top view) TO92 (Top view) Cathode Anode Reference 1 2 8 6 5 1- Cathode 2- Anode 3- Anode. 4- N.C. 5- N.C. 6- Anode 7- Anode. 8- Reference 1 March 2002 7 3 2 3 4 1/10 TL431 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Symbol VKA Ik Iref pd Tstg Parameter Cathode to Anode Voltage Continuous Cathode Current Range Reference Input Current Range Power Dissipation 1) TO92 SO8 batwing Storage Temperature Range Value Unit 37 -100 to +150 -0.05 to +10 625 960 -65 to +150 V mA mA mW °C 1. Pd is calculated with T amb = +25°C, T j = +150°C and Rthja = 200°C/W for TO92 package = 130°C/W for SO8 batwing package OPERATING CONDITIONS Symbol VKA Ik Toper Parameter Cathode to Anode Voltage Cathode Current Operating Free-air Temperature Range TL431C/AC TL431I/AI Value Unit Vref to 36 1 to 100 0 to +70 -40 to +105 V mA °C ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS Tamb = 25°C (unless otherwise specified) Symbol Vref ∆Vref ∆Vref -----------∆Vka Iref ∆Iref Imin Ioff ZKA TL431C Parameter Reference Input Voltage Tamb = 25°C VKA = Vref , Ik = 10 mA Tmin ≤ Tamb ≤ Tmax Reference Input Voltage Deviation OverTemperature Range - note 1 VKA = Vref , Ik = 10 mA,Tmin ≤Tamb ≤ Tmax Ratio of Change in Reference Input Voltage to Change in Cathode to Anode Voltage - (figure 2) Ik = 10mA ∆VKA = 10V to Vref ∆VKA = 36V to 10V Reference Input Current Ik = 10mA, R1 = 10kΩ, R2 = ∞ Tamb = 25°C Tmin ≤Tamb ≤Tmax Reference Input Current Deviation Over Temperature Range Ik = 10mA, R1 = 10kΩ, R2 =∞ Tmin ≤Tamb ≤ Tmax Minimum Cathode Current for Regulation VKA = Vref Off-State Cathode Current Dynamic Impedance - note 2 VKA = Vref ,∆ Ik = 1 to100mA, f ≤1kHZ TL431AC Typ. Max. Min. Typ. Max. 2.44 2.423 2.495 2.55 2.567 2.47 2.453 2.495 2.52 2.537 V 3 17 3 15 mV -1.4 -1 -2.7 -2 -1.4 -1 -2.7 -2 mV/V 1.8 4 5.2 1.8 4 5.2 µA 0.4 1.2 0.4 1.2 µA 0.5 2.6 1 1000 0.5 2.6 0.6 1000 mA nA 0.22 0.5 0.22 0.5 Ω 1) ∆Vref is defined as the difference between the maximum and minimum values obtained over the full temperature range. ∆Vref = Vref max. - Vref min. V ref max. V ref min. T1 ∆V KA 2) The dynamic Impedance is definied as ZKA = ----------------∆I K 2/10 Unit Min. T2 Temperature TL431 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS Tamb = 25°C (unless otherwise specified) TL431I Symbol TL431AI Parameter Unit Min. Typ. Max. Min. Typ. Max. 2.44 2.41 2.495 2.55 2.58 2.47 2.44 2.495 2.52 2.55 V Vref Reference Input Voltage VKA = Vref , Ik = 10 mA Tamb = 25°C Tmin ≤Tamb ≤ Tmax ∆Vref Reference Input Voltage Deviation OverTemperature Range - note 1 VKA = Vref , Ik =10 mA,Tmin ≤Tamb≤ Tmax 7 30 7 30 mV ∆Vref -----------∆V ka Ratio of Change in Reference Input Voltage to Change in Cathode to Anode Voltage Ik = 10mA ∆VKA = 10V to Vref ∆VKA = 36V to 10V -1.4 -1 -2.7 -2 -1.4 -1 -2.7 -2 mV/V 1.8 4 6.5 1.8 4 6.5 µA 2.5 0.8 1.2 µA Iref Reference Input Current Ik = 10mA, R1 = 10kΩ, R2 = ∞ Tamb = 25°C Tmin ≤Tamb ≤Tmax ∆Iref Reference Input Current Deviation Over Temperature Range Ik = 10mA, R1 = 10kΩ, R2 =∞ Tmin ≤Tamb ≤ Tmax 0.8 Minimum Cathode Current for Regulation VKA = Vref 0.5 1 0.5 0.7 mA 2.6 1000 2.6 1000 nA 0.22 0.5 0.22 0.5 Ω Imin Ioff ZKA Off-State Cathode Current Dynamic Impedance note 2 VKA = Vref ,∆ Ik = 1 to100mA, f ≤1kHZ 1) ∆Vref is defined as the difference between the maximum and minimum values obtained over the full temperature range. ∆Vref = Vref max. - Vref min. V ref max. V ref min. T1 T2 Temperature ∆V KA 2) The dynamic Impedance is definied as ZKA = ----------------∆I K 3/10 TL431 Figure 2 : Test Circuit for VKA > VREF Figure 1 : Test Circuit for VKA = VREF Input Input R Output R IK Output R1 IREF IK=10mA VKA R2 VKA VREF VREF VKA = VREF Figure 3 : Test Circuit for IOFF ( 1 + R1 -------- ) R2 + R1 x IREF Figure 4 : Test Circuit for Phase Margin and Voltage Gain VKA=36V 10µF 10µF Figure 5 : Block diagram of TL1431 Output 8.25kΩ Input IK=10mA 15kΩ IOFF VREF Figure 6 : Test Circuit for Response time Cathode + Vref Anode 4/10 IK=1mA 1 mA 0 mA Output Vref TL431 Reference voltage vs cathode current Reference voltage vs Temperature 100 Cathode current IKA (mA) Cathode voltage VKA (V) 2.54 VKA = VREF IK = 10 mA 2.52 2.50 2.48 2.46 2.44 -40 TAMB=+25°C 75 50 25 0 -25 -20 0 20 40 60 80 -50 100 -1 0 Temperature (°C) 3 2.0 Reference current IREF (µA) Cathode current IKA (mA) 2 TAMB = +25°C 1 0 -1 IK=10 mA R1=10kΩ R2= + ∝ 1.5 1.0 0.5 -2 -1 0 1 2 0.0 −40 3 −20 0 Cathode voltage VKA (V) 20 40 60 80 100 Temperature °C Off-state cathode current vs temperature Ratio of change in VREF to change in VKA vs Temperature 2.0 0.0 VKA = 36 V VREF = 0 V ∆VREF / ∆VKA (mV / V) Off-state current IOFF (µA) 2 Reference current vs temperature Reference voltage vs cathode current 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0 -40 1 Cathode voltage VKA (V) -0.5 IK = 10 mA -1.0 -1.5 -20 0 20 40 Temperature (°C) 60 80 100 -2.0 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 Temperature (°C) 5/10 TL431 Static impedance RKA vs Temperature Minimum operating current vs temperature 0.6 Minimum cathode current IMIN (mA) Static impedance RKA (Ω) 0.30 0.28 VKA=VREF TAMB=+25°C 0.26 0.24 0.22 0.20 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 0.4 0.0 -40 100 VKA = VREF 0.2 -20 0 20 Temperature (°C) 40 60 80 100 Temperature (°C) Gain & Phase vs Frequency Stability behaviour with capacitive loads 100 200 IK=10 mA See figure 4 Gain 40 VKA=VREF 150 100 Phase 0 0 -50 Phase (°) 20 Gain (dB) 50 80 Cathode current (mA) 60 VKA=5 V Instable Area 60 -100 -20 40 VKA=12 V 20 VKA=24 V -150 -40 1 10 100 0 1E-10 -200 10000 1000 1E-9 Maximum Power dissipation 80 60 TO92 40 Safe Area 10 20 30 Input and Output voltage (V) Cathode current (mA) SO8 Batwing Cathode voltage (V) 6/10 1E-6 1E-5 8 10 6 TAMB= +25°C 0 1E-7 Pulse response for IK=1mA 100 20 1E-8 Capacitive load (Farad) Frequency (kHz) Input VKA=VREF TAMB=+25°C 4 Output 2 0 0 2 4 6 Time (µs) TL431 PACKAGE MECHANICAL DATA 8 PINS - BATWING PLASTIC MICROPACKAGE (SO) s b1 b a1 A a2 C c1 a3 L E e3 D M 5 1 4 F 8 Millimeters Inches Dim. Min. A a1 a2 a3 b b1 C c1 D E e e3 F L M S Typ. Max. 0.65 0.35 0.19 0.25 1.75 0.25 1.65 0.85 0.48 0.25 0.5 4.8 5.8 5.0 6.2 0.1 Min. Typ. Max. 0.026 0.014 0.007 0.010 0.069 0.010 0.065 0.033 0.019 0.010 0.020 0.189 0.228 0.197 0.244 0.004 45° (typ.) 1.27 3.81 3.8 0.4 0.050 0.150 4.0 1.27 0.6 0.150 0.016 0.157 0.050 0.024 8° (max.) 7/10 TL431 PACKAGE MECHANICAL DATA 3 PINS - PLASTIC PACKAGE TO92 (TAPE & REEL) A1 P T P A H W2 W W1 W0 H0 I1 H L1 H1 d D0 F1 F2 P2 P0 Millimeters Inches Dim. Min AL A T d I1 P PO P2 F1/F2 ∆h ∆P W W0 W1 W2 H H0 H1 DO L1 8/10 Typ. Max. Min. Typ. 5.0 5.0 4.0 0.197 0.197 0.157 0.45 2.5 11.7 12.4 5.95 2.4 -1 -1 17.5 5.7 8.5 12.7 12.7 6.35 2.5 0 0 18.0 6 9 15.5 16 3.8 4.0 Max. 0.018 13.7 13 6.75 2.8 1 1 19.0 6.3 9.75 0.5 20 16.5 25 4.2 11 0.098 0.461 0.488 0.234 0.094 -0.039 -0.039 0.689 0.224 0.335 0.500 0.500 0.250 0.098 0 0 0.709 0.236 0.354 0.610 0.630 0.150 0.157 0.539 0.512 0.266 0.110 0.039 0.039 0.748 0.248 0.384 0.020 0.787 0.650 0.984 0.165 0.433 TL431 PACKAGE MECHANICAL DATA 3 PINS - PLASTIC PACKAGE TO92 (TAPE AMMO PACK) A1 P T P A H W2 W W1 W0 H0 I1 H L1 H1 d D0 F1 F2 P2 P0 Millimeters Inches Dim. Min AL A T d I1 P PO P2 F1/F2 ∆h ∆P W W0 W1 W2 H H0 H1 DO L1 9/10 Typ. Max. Min. Typ. 5.0 5.0 4.0 0.197 0.197 0.157 0.45 2.5 11.7 12.4 5.95 2.4 -1 -1 17.5 5.7 8.5 12.7 12.7 6.35 2.5 0 0 18.0 6 9 15.5 16 3.8 4.0 Max. 0.018 13.7 13 6.75 2.8 1 1 19.0 6.3 9.75 0.5 20 16.5 25 4.2 11 0.098 0.461 0.488 0.234 0.094 -0.039 -0.039 0.689 0.224 0.335 0.500 0.500 0.250 0.098 0 0 0.709 0.236 0.354 0.610 0.630 0.150 0.157 0.539 0.512 0.266 0.110 0.039 0.039 0.748 0.248 0.384 0.020 0.787 0.650 0.984 0.165 0.433 TL431 PACKAGE MECHANICAL DATA 3 PINS - PLASTIC PACKAGE TO92 (BULK) Millimeters Inches Dim. Min L B O1 C K O2 a 3.2 4.45 4.58 12.7 0.407 0.35 Typ. Max. Min. 1.27 3.7 5.00 5.03 4.2 5.2 5.33 0.5 0.508 0.126 0.1752 0.1803 0.5 0.016 0.0138 Typ. Max. 0.05 0.1457 0.1969 0.198 0.1654 0.2047 0.2098 0.0197 0.02 Information furnished is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, STMicroelectronics assumes no responsibility for the consequences of use of such information nor for any infringement of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of STMicroelectronics. Specifications mentioned in this publication are subject to change without notice. This publication supersedes and replaces all information previously supplied. STMicroelectronics products are not authorized for use as critical components in life support devices or systems without express written approval of STMicroelectronics. © The ST logo is a registered trademark of STMicroelectronics © 2002 STMicroelectronics - Printed in Italy - All Rights Reserved STMicroelectronics GROUP OF COMPANIES Australia - Brazil - Canada - China - Finland - France - Germany - Hong Kong - India - Israel - Italy - Japan - Malaysia Malta - Morocco - Singapore - Spain - Sweden - Switzerland - United Kingdom - United States © http://www.st.com 10/10