U2350B-FP PWM Speed Control for Permanent Excited DC Motors Description The monolithic integrated bipolar circuit U2350B is a MOSFET or IGBT - control circuit which works on the principle of pulse width modulation (PWM). The overall concept enables the construction of a power controller with mains voltage compensation where intermittent operation is also possible. In addition, the circuit also enables mains-voltage compensated current control, which maintains the power supplied at a constant level after the preset threshold has been exceeded. Features D D D D D D D D Pulse width control up to 30 kHz clock frequency Mains supply compensation D Supply voltage monitoring D Temperature compensated supply voltage limitation Current regulation Temperature monitoring with indicator Applications Active operation indicator D Domestic equipment D Tools Blink-warn indicator Switchable to interval operation Push-pull output stage for separate supply Package: SO16 Block Diagram 2 +VS 1 16 GND Voltage limitation LED control 12 4 Temperature monitoring Output control Push– pull output 15 14 13 8 7 10 PWM Control 6 9 Oscillator 5 Tristate Program logic Current limitation 11 95 10873 Figure 1. Block diagram TELEFUNKEN Semiconductors Rev. A1, 29-May-96 1 (9) 2 (9) R 12 R 15 10 k W 47 k W R14 10 mF/ 35 V C7 82 k W Speed R13 NTC 220 nF C3 R10 red D3 C5 680 nF 100 k W R5 220 nF C4 120 k W R 11 Tristate switch green D2 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 – + Stop open Impedance converter Oscillator Normal Multi 100% 80% +V S + 350 mV – 420 mV S3 Voltage monitoring Progr.– logic S Q LED – logic S2 R Q Output stage logic Comparator 1 + – 11 9 10 1.2 V/ 1.5 V S1 + – 13 14 15 GND 12 Push pull stage Comparator 2 Supply voltage limitation 16 +VS R7 R8 0.22 W/ 4W BYT86 –800 D1 10 nF C1 120 k W R9 7.5 k W R4 R3 220 k W 47 mF/ 350 V C6 180 k W 5.6 M W T1 M R6 22 nF C2 R12 10 kW IGBT 56 k W/ 2W R1 95 10868 VM = 230 V~ U2350B-FP Figure 2. Block diagram with external circuit TELEFUNKEN Semiconductors Rev. A1, 29-May-96 U2350B-FP Pin Description LED1 1 16 +VS LED2 2 15 OUT+ n.c. 3 14 OUT NTC 4 13 OUT– Progr. 5 12 GND Rosc 6 11 IContr. Cosc 7 10 S1 Contr. 8 9 VContr. 95 11409 Pin 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Symbol LED1 LED2 n.c. NTC Progr. Rosc Cosc Contr. VContr. S1 IContr. GND OUT– OUT OUT+ +VS Function LED output 1 LED output 2 Not connected Monitoring input Tristate programing Resistor for oscillator Capacitor for oscillator Control input Voltage regulation input Switching output, output S1 Current regulation input Ground – supply for output stage Output + supply for output stage Supply voltage Supply, Pin 16 Voltage Monitoring The internal voltage limiter in the U2350B enables a simple supply from the rectified line voltage. The supply voltage between Pin 16 (+VS) and Pin 12 (ground) is built up via R1 and is smoothed by C7. The typically 5 mA supply current is simultaneously used to operate the two LEDs D2, D3, which can both be bridged internally. The supply current therefore reaches Pin 16 either via LEDs or the internal switches (Vsat ≤ 1.2 V). Whilst the operating voltage is being built up or reduced, uncontrolled output pulses of insufficient amplitude are suppressed by the internal monitoring circuit. The latch is also reset, the LED D2 (operating indicator) between Pin 2 and Pin 16 is switched off and the control input “Pin 8” is connected to ground via switch S3 and a 1 kW resistor. In connection with a switching hysteresis of approximately 2 V, this mode of operation guarantees fail-safe start-up each time the operating voltage is switched on, in the same way as after short mains interruptions. Connecting the control input Pin 8 with a capacitor can therefore make a soft start with rapid recovery possible. Series resistor, R1, can be calculated as follows: R 1max +V Mmin – V Smax I tot whereas + V –15% V + maximum supply voltage )I I +I I + Max. current consumption of the IC I + Current consumption of the external components V Mmin mains Smax tot Pulse Width Control with Mains Voltage Compensation, Pins 8, 9, 10 Smax x Smax x Here, C6 must be selected in this way that the voltage at C7 (figure 2) is not noticeably affected by the load in any mode of operation. For further information regarding mains power supply, refer to figures 6 and 7. TELEFUNKEN Semiconductors Rev. A1, 29-May-96 Average value of the voltage over the load is controlled to an infinitely selectable value by the comparator Comp. 1 with hysteresis. The rectified mains voltage is divided by R3 and R4 and lead in Pin 10. The capacitor C1 is charged via R9 until the voltage V9, which is present at the inverting input of Comp. 1, is more positive than the control voltage V8 arriving at the non-inverting input via an impedance converter. During the charge time, which is dependent of the mains voltage, the pulse output is at high potential and the switching output Pin 10 is open. If V9 now becomes greater than V10, the output from Comp. 1 switches over the output stage logic via an AND gate. 3 (9) U2350B-FP The output stage logic now brings V14 to low potential and closes the switching output Pin 10. This has the effect of discharging C1 via R9 and the switch S1 until the approximately 300 mV hysteresis of the comparator is completed. The discharge time is dependent on the control voltage V8. Comp. 1 then switches over again and the cycle begins once more (see figure 3). This two-state controller compensates the influence of the mains voltage, with the result that the motor voltage or motor speed is largely determined by the magnitude of the control voltage. Current Control, Pin 11 If the current flowing through the IGBT (or MOSFET) and the shunt resistor R8 becomes so high that a voltage higher than 1.5 V arises at Pin 11, a second control loop formed with the comparator Comp. 2 becomes active, and overrides the first control loop via an AND gate. This causes the average value of the current, fed to the motor, to be controlled to a constant value. This in turn results in a speed which decreases greatly with the increasing torque (see figure 4). By exceeding the maximum current which is adjustable with R8, the control dependent voltage V8 (shunt characteristic) reaches the dotted lines (series characteristic). By applying a current which depends on the load voltage across R6, the constant value of the current can be further influenced. In addition, the current control limits the starting current. In the case of effective current limiting, alteration of the rectified mains voltage has an effect on the power taken up. In order to compensate for this influence, the resistor R7 is connected to Pin 11. If dimensioned appropriately, the consumed power is independent of changes in the mains voltage within a wide range of this voltage. Operation Mode Selection, Pin 5 It is possible to program three modes of operation with the tristate input, as follows: a) Intermittent operation (Pin 5 connected to +VS) A signal emitted by an internal oscillator (see figure 5) switches the output stage ON and OFF periodically via S2. This intermittent operation is very suitable for certain uses. b) Stop function (Pin 5 open) The output is continuously switched off, the motor is at reset. V9 c) Normal function (Pin 5 connected to V12) The motor runs continuously. V10 Temperature Monitoring, Pin 4 V14 t 95 10869 Figure 3. Pulse width control signal characteristics Speed (of rotation) V8 Imax 95 10870 Torque Figure 4. Influence of current control on the characteristic (curve) of a motor 4 (9) The circuit also has a monitoring input. If a NTC-resistor is connected to this input, for example, it functions as a temperature sensor. If the voltage V4 falls below the first threshold VT80 (approximately 420 mV) as a result of the increasing temperature, an external LED D3, which is connected between Pin 1 and Pin 2, starts to blink. If the temperature increases further and the voltage V4 falls below a second threshold VT100 (approximately 350 mV), a latch is set. The latch makes this LED light up continuously, the output stage is blocked. The motor is switched-OFF and remains switched-OFF until the temperature has fallen and until the mains voltage is switched-OFF and switched-ON again (the latch is solely reset by the voltage monitoring). A second LED D2, which is connected between Pin 2 and Pin 16 and which is continuously illuminated (switch-ON) during normal operation, is switched-OFF. In the event of wire breakage in the sensor branch, Pin 4 is pulled up to +VS. After the switch-OFF threshold VTOFF (approximately VS–1.8 V) has been exceeded, the circuit ensures that the latch is set here too. This guarantees safe operation. TELEFUNKEN Semiconductors Rev. A1, 29-May-96 U2350B-FP Absolute Maximum Ratings Reference point Pin 12, unless otherwise specified. Parameters Supply Current Pin 16 t ≤ 10 ms Push-pull output V13 ≤ V14 ≤ V15, V15 ≤ V16, V13 ≤ V12 Output current t ≤ 2 ms Signal outputs Input current t ≤ 10 ms Input currents Pin 6, 8 Pin 10 Input voltages Pin 4, 5, 7, 9, 10, 11 Storage temperature range Junction temperature Ambient temperature range Symbol IS is Value 30 60 Unit mA IO io 20 200 mA II ii II 30 60 1 10 0 V to V16 –40 to +125 +125 –10 to +100 mA Value 120 180 100 Unit K/W K/W K/W VI Tstg Tj Tamb mA °C °C °C Thermal Resistance Parameters Junction ambient DIP16 SO16 on PC board SO16 on ceramic Symbol RthJA Electrical Characteristics VS = 15.5 V, Tamb = 25°C, reference point Pin 12, figure 2, unless otherwise specified. Parameters Supply voltage limitation Current consumption Voltage monitoring Switch-on threshold Switch-off threshold Control input Input voltage range Input quiescent current Impedance at lower voltage Comparator 1 Input voltage range Input quiescent current Hysteresis Delay time Test Conditions / Pins IS = 5 mA Pin 16 IS = 20 mA Symbol VS Min. 16.2 16.3 Typ. IS Max. 17.2 17.8 3.5 Unit V 14.5 V V 7.5 250 V nA kW 7.5 250 330 3 V nA mV ms mA Pin 16 VSON VSOFF 12.0 14.0 12.5 Pin 8 VI IIB RI 0 VIC IIB Vhys td 0 1 Pin 9 V8 = 1.5 V TELEFUNKEN Semiconductors Rev. A1, 29-May-96 Pin 8 – 9 Pin 9 –14 270 300 5 (9) U2350B-FP Parameters Switch S1 Leakage current Saturation voltage Delay time Comparator 2 Input current Switch-on threshold Switch-off threshold Delay time (output) Push-pull stage Saturation voltage Output current limitation Rise time Fall time Operating indicator Saturation voltage Voltage limitation Overload outputI Saturation voltage Voltage limitation Temperature monitoring Input current 80%-threshold 100%-threshold Switch-off threshold Operation mode selection Voltage Input p current Oscillator Input current Source voltage Upper saw tooth threshold Lower saw tooth threshold 6 (9) Test Conditions / Pins Pin 10 V10 = 15.5 V, V8 = 3 V, V9 = 0 V, V11 = 0 V I10 = 2 mA, V8 = 0 V, V9 = 3 V Pin 10 – 14 Symbol Min. Typ. Max. Unit IR 1 mA VSat 0.25 V td(r) td(f) 3 3 ms II 1 1.28 1.58 3 mA VSatH 2.4 V VSatL 1.2 Pin 11 Pin 11 – 14 Pin 14 High side Pin 14 – 16 I14 = –10 mA, V15 = V16 Low side I14 = 10 mA, V13 = V12 V14 = V12, V11 = 0 V, V8 = 3 V, V9 = 0 V, t ≤ 1 ms V14 = V16 , V8 = 0 V, V9 = 3 V, t ≤ 1 ms V15 = V16, V13 = V12, CGate = 1 nF CGate = 1 nF I2 = 5 mA V16 ≤ VSoff or Pin 2 – 16 (V4 ≤ VT100) V16 ≥ VSon, Pin 2 – 16 (V4 > VT100) I1 = 5 mA V4 > VT80 Pin 1 – 2 V4 ≤ VT80 Pin 1 – 16 Pin 4 VTON VTOFF td 1.12 1.42 1.20 1.50 V V ms –IO 100 150 250 mA IO 100 150 250 mA tr 300 ns tf 800 ns VSat 1.0 V Vlimit 6.6 V VSat Vlimit 1.0 8.6 V V II VT80 VT100 VTOFF 390 325 420 350 VS – 1.8 500 450 375 nA mV mV V Pin 5 Pin 5 open (I5 = 0) V5 = V16 V5 = V12 I6 = – 10 mA V5 II –II Pin 6 Pin 6 Pin 7 Pin 7 II V6 VTmax VTmin VS/2 15 15 1 mA mA 40 0.9 9 1.8 mA V V V TELEFUNKEN Semiconductors Rev. A1, 29-May-96 U2350B-FP Parameters Oscillator frequency Test Conditions / Pins C4 = Cosc = 220 nF, see figure 2 Pin 7 R11 = Rosc = 120 kW VT100 < V4 ≤ VT80 Pin 1 V5 = V16 Pin 14 interval operation Pin 14 Blink frequency Switching frequency Pulse ratio switch Symbol fosc Min. fblink fs Max. 2.2 1.1 tp/T 14 Typ. 1.1 0.2 Unit Hz Hz Hz 0.23 0.26 – 10 C4=100nF Oscillator Frequency fosc = fblink/ 2 = ts 12 Mains Supply Rectified Voltage at C6 8 Pv ( W ) f osc ( Hz ) 10 8 330nF 220nF 6 6 4 470nF 4 2 2 680nF 0 0 0 40 80 120 160 R11 ( kW ) 95 10299 200 0 95 10301 Figure 5. 20 40 60 R1 ( kW ) 80 100 Figure 7. 100 Mains Supply Rectified Voltage VM=230V–15% R1max ( kW ) 80 60 40 20 0 0 95 10300 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 Itot ( mA ) Figure 6. TELEFUNKEN Semiconductors Rev. A1, 29-May-96 7 (9) U2350B-FP Dimensions in mm: Package: SO16 94 8875 8 (9) TELEFUNKEN Semiconductors Rev. A1, 29-May-96 U2350B-FP Ozone Depleting Substances Policy Statement It is the policy of TEMIC TELEFUNKEN microelectronic GmbH to 1. Meet all present and future national and international statutory requirements. 2. Regularly and continuously improve the performance of our products, processes, distribution and operating systems with respect to their impact on the health and safety of our employees and the public, as well as their impact on the environment. It is particular concern to control or eliminate releases of those substances into the atmosphere which are known as ozone depleting substances ( ODSs). The Montreal Protocol ( 1987) and its London Amendments ( 1990) intend to severely restrict the use of ODSs and forbid their use within the next ten years. Various national and international initiatives are pressing for an earlier ban on these substances. TEMIC TELEFUNKEN microelectronic GmbH semiconductor division has been able to use its policy of continuous improvements to eliminate the use of ODSs listed in the following documents. 1. Annex A, B and list of transitional substances of the Montreal Protocol and the London Amendments respectively 2 . Class I and II ozone depleting substances in the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 by the Environmental Protection Agency ( EPA) in the USA 3. Council Decision 88/540/EEC and 91/690/EEC Annex A, B and C ( transitional substances ) respectively. TEMIC can certify that our semiconductors are not manufactured with ozone depleting substances and do not contain such substances. We reserve the right to make changes to improve technical design and may do so without further notice. Parameters can vary in different applications. All operating parameters must be validated for each customer application by the customer. Should the buyer use TEMIC products for any unintended or unauthorized application, the buyer shall indemnify TEMIC against all claims, costs, damages, and expenses, arising out of, directly or indirectly, any claim of personal damage, injury or death associated with such unintended or unauthorized use. TEMIC TELEFUNKEN microelectronic GmbH, P.O.B. 3535, D-74025 Heilbronn, Germany Telephone: 49 ( 0 ) 7131 67 2831, Fax number: 49 ( 0 ) 7131 67 2423 TELEFUNKEN Semiconductors Rev. A1, 29-May-96 9 (9)