VICOR V040K033T060

PRELIMINARY
PRM
P048K048T24AL
V•I Chip – PRM-AL
Pre-Regulator Module
TM
K indicates BGA configuration. For other mounting
options see Part Numbering on Page 2.
• 48 V input V•I Chip PRM
• Adaptive Loop feedback
• Vin range 36 – 75 Vdc
• ZVS buck-boost regulator
• High density – 1000 W/in3
• 1.5 MHz switching frequency
• Small footprint – 250 W/in2
• 96% Efficiency
• Low weight – 0.5 oz (14 g)
• 125˚C operation
Vin = 36 – 75 V
Vf = 26 – 55 V
Pf = 240 W
If = 5 A
Actual size
Absolute Maximum Ratings
Product Description
The V•I Chip Pre-Regulator Module (PRM) is a very
efficient non-isolated regulator capable of both
boosting and bucking a wide range input voltage. It is
specifically designed to provide a controlled Factorized
Bus distribution voltage for powering downstream
V•I Chip Voltage Transformation Modules (VTMs) —
fast, efficient, isolated low noise Point-of-Load (POL)
converters. In combination, PRMs and VTMs form a
complete DC-DC converter subsystem offering all of
the unique benefits of Vicor’s Factorized Power
Architecture (FPA): high density and efficiency; low
noise operation; architectural flexibility; extremely fast
transient response; and elimination of bulk capacitance
at the Point-of-Load (POL).
In FPA systems, the POL voltage is the product of the
Factorized Bus voltage delivered by a PRM and the
"K-factor" (the fixed voltage transformation ratio) of a
downstream VTM. The PRM controls the Factorized Bus
voltage to provide regulation at the POL. Because VTMs
perform true voltage division and current multiplication,
the Factorized Bus voltage may be set to a value that is
substantially higher than the bus voltages typically
found in "intermediate bus" systems, reducing
distribution losses and enabling use of narrower
distribution bus traces. A PRM-VTM chip set can
provide up to 100 A, or 230 W, at a FPA system density
of 200 A/in3, or 460 W/in3 — and because the PRM
can be located, or "factorized," remotely from the
POL, these power densities can effectively be doubled.
The PRM described in this data sheet features a unique
"Adaptive Loop" compensation feedback: a single wire
alternative to traditional remote sensing and feedback
loops that enables precise control of an isolated POL
voltage without the need for either a direct connection
to the load or for noise sensitive, bandwidth limiting,
isolation devices in the feedback path.
vicorpower.com
©
Parameter
Values
Unit
+In to -In
-1.0 to 85.0
Vdc
PC to -In
-0.3 to 6.0
Vdc
PR to -In
-0.3 to 9.0
Vdc
IL to -In
-0.3 to 6.0
Vdc
VC to -In
-0.3 to 18.0
Vdc
-0.3 to 59
Vdc
+Out to -Out
SC to -Out
-0.3 to 3.0
Vdc
VH to -Out
-0.3 to 9.5
Vdc
OS to -Out
-0.3 to 9.0
Vdc
CD to -Out
-0.3 to 9.0
Vdc
SG to -Out
100
mA
5
Adc
Continuous output current
Continuous output power
240
W
Operating junction temperature
(M-Grade)
(T-Grade)
-55 to 125
-40 to 125
°C
°C
Storage temperature
(M-Grade)
(T-Grade)
-65 to 150
-40 to 150
°C
°C
208
°C
Case temperature during reflow:
DC-DC Converter
VC
PC
TM
IL
NC
PR
PRM-AL
+In
VH
SC
SG
OS
NC
CD
Factorized
Bus (Vf)
+Out
TM
VC
PC
Vin
–In
–Out
+Out
+In
-In
VTM
-Out
Vout
+Out
K
Ro
-Out
The P048K048T24AL is used with any 048 input series VTM to provide a regulated and
isolated output.
800-735-6200
V•I Chip Pre-Regulator Module
P048K048T24AL
Rev. 1.4
Page 1 of 15
PRELIMINARY
General Specifications
V•I Chip Pre-Regulator Module
Part Numbering
P
048
Pre-Regulator
Module
Input Voltage
Designator
K
Configuration Options
F = Onboard (Fig.22)
K = Inboard (Fig.21)
048
T
24
AL
Nominal
Factorized Bus
Voltage
Product Grade Temperatures (°C)
Grade
Storage Operating
T
-40 to150 -40 to125
M
-65 to150 -55 to125
Output Power
Designator
(=Pf /10)
AL = Adaptive Loop
Overview of Adaptive Loop Compensation
Adaptive Loop compensation, illustrated in Figure 1, contributes to
the bandwidth and speed advantage of Factorized Power. The PRM
monitors its output current and automatically adjusts its output
voltage to compensate for the voltage drop in the output
resistance of the VTM. ROS sets the desired value of load voltage,
Vout; RCD is set to a value that compensates for the output
resistance of the VTM (which, ideally, is located at the point of
load). For selection of ROS and RCD, refer to Table 1 or Page 9.
The V•I Chip’s bi-directional VC port :
1. Provides a wake up signal from the PRM to the VTM that
synchronizes the rise of the VTM output voltage to that of the PRM.
2. Provides feedback from the VTM to the PRM to enable the PRM
to compensate for the voltage drop in VTM output resistance, RO.
Vo = VL ± 1.0%
VC
PC
TM
IL
NC
PR
PRM-AL
VH
SC
SG
OS
NC
CD
Factorized
Bus (Vf)
ROS
RCD
TM
VC
PC
+Out
+In
Vin
Vf =
VL (Io•Ro)
+
K
K
–Out
–In
+Out
+In
-In
VTM
-Out
+Out
K
Ro
L
O
A
D
-Out
Figure 1 — With Adaptive Loop control the output of the VTM is regulated over the load current range with only a single interconnect between the PRM and
VTM and without the need for isolation in the feedback path.
Desired Load Voltage (Vdc)
VTM P/N(1)
Max VTM Output Current (A)(2)
ROS (kΩ)(3)
RCD (Ω)(3)
1.0
V048K015T100
100
3.57
26.1
1.2
V048K015T100
100
2.94
32.4
1.5
V048K015T090
90
2.37
39.2
1.8
V048K020T080
80
2.61
35.7
2.0
V048K020T080
80
2.37
39.2
3.3
V040K033T060
60
2.15
43.2
5.0
V048K060T040
40
2.87
33.2
10
V048K120T025
25
2.26
41.2
12
V048K120T025
25
2.37
39.2
15
V048K160T019
18.8
2.49
37.4
24
V048K240T012
12.5
2.37
39.2
28
V048K320T009
9.4
2.74
35.7
36
V048K480T006
6.3
3.16
30.1
48
V048K480T006
6.3
2.37
39.2
Note:
(1) Verify the configuration option and product grade temperature before ordering as shown above.
(2) See “PRM output power vs. VTM output power” on Page 10
(3) 1% precision resistors recommended
Table 1 — Configure your Chip Set using the PRM-AL
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800-735-6200
V•I Chip Pre-Regulator Module
P048K048T24AL
Rev. 1.4
Page 2 of 15
PRELIMINARY
Electrical Specifications
V•I Chip Pre-Regulator Module
Input Specs (Conditions are at 48 Vin, 48 Vf, full load, and 25°C ambient unless otherwise specified)
Parameter
Input voltage range
Min
Typ
Max
36
48
75
Vdc
1
V/µs
35.3
Vdc
Input dV/dt
Input undervoltage turn-on
33.8
Unit
Input undervoltage turn-off
30.5
31.8
Vdc
Input overvoltage turn-on
75.8
77.3
Vdc
Note
Input overvoltage turn-off
78.8
81.0
Input quiescent current
0.5
1
Input current
5.2
Adc
Input reflected ripple current
640
mA p-p
No load power dissipation
1.9
W
5
µF
Ceramic
100
µF
See Figure 5 for input filter circuit.
Source impedance dependent
Internal input capacitance
Recommended external input capacitance
Vdc
mA
PC low
See Figures 4 & 5
Input Waveforms
Figure 2 — Vf and PC response from power up
Figure 3 — Vf turn-on waveform with inrush current – PC enabled at
full load, 48 Vin
Reflected
Ripple
Measurement
10 A
+IN
VC
PC
TM
IL
NC
PR
PRM-AL
+In
+Out
–In
–Out
VH
SC
SG
OS
NC
CD
2.37 kΩ
+ OUT
100 μF
Al-Electrolytic
–IN
Figure 4 — Input reflected ripple current at full load and 48 Vin
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– OUT
Figure 5 — Input filter capacitor recommendation
V•I Chip Pre-Regulator Module
P048K048T24AL
Rev. 1.4
Page 3 of 15
PRELIMINARY
Electrical Specifications (continued)
V•I Chip Pre-Regulator Module
Output Specs (Conditions are at 48 Vin, 48 Vf, full load, and 25°C ambient unless otherwise specified)
Parameter
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
Note
Output voltage range
26
48
55
Vdc
Factorized Bus voltage (Vf) set by ROS
Output power
0
240
W
Output current
0
DC current limit
5.25
6.60
Average short circuit current
Set point accuracy
5
Adc
7.20
Adc
IL pin floating
0.5
A
Auto recovery
± 1.5
%
Line regulation
0.1
0.2
%
Low line to high line
Load regulation
0.1
0.2
%
No CD resistor
Load regulation (at VTM output)
1.0
%
Adaptive Loop
Current share accuracy
5
10
%
59.4
Vdc
Efficiency
Full load
96
Output overvoltage set point
56
%
See Figure 7,8 & 9
Output ripple voltage
No external bypass
1.9
2.0
%
Factorized Bus
With 10 µF capacitor
0.04
0.06
%
Factorized Bus
1.45
1.55
MHz
Fixed frequency
From application of power
150
300
ms
See Figure 2
From PC pin high
100
µs
See Figure 3
Internal output capacitance
5
µF
Ceramic
µF
Aluminum Electrolytic
Switching frequency
1.35
Output turn-on delay
Factorized Bus capacitance
47
Output Waveforms
98
96
Efficiency (%)
94
92
90
36Vin
48Vin
75Vin
88
86
84
82
80
78
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
Output Current (A)
Figure 6 — VTM output regulation and Vf bus during load step using
VTM with K = 1/24
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Figure 7 — Efficiency vs. output current at 48 Vf
V•I Chip Pre-Regulator Module
P048K048T24AL
Rev. 1.4
Page 4 of 15
PRELIMINARY
Electrical Specifications (continued)
V•I Chip Pre-Regulator Module
98
96
94
92
90
88
86
84
82
80
78
36Vin
48Vin
75Vin
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
Output Current (A)
Efficiency (%)
Efficiency (%)
Output Waveforms
98
96
94
92
90
88
86
84
82
80
78
76
36Vin
48Vin
75Vin
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
Output Current (A)
Figure 8 — Efficiency vs. output current at 36 Vf
Figure 9 — Efficiency vs. output current at 26 Vf
Figure 10 — Transient response; PRM alone, 48 Vin, 0 A - 5 A, -0 A
no load capacitance. Local Loop
Figure 11 — Transient response; load change from 10 – 40 – 10 A, at
the output of a K=1/24 VTM with no Vf bus capacitance and 100 µF
load capacitance.
Figure 12 — Transient response; load change from 40 – 80 – 40 A,
at the output of a K=1/24 VTM with no Vf bus capacitance and 100 µF
load capacitance.
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800-735-6200
V•I Chip Pre-Regulator Module
P048K048T24AL
Rev. 1.4
Page 5 of 15
PRELIMINARY
Electrical Specifications (continued)
V•I Chip Pre-Regulator Module
Auxiliary Pins (Conditions are at 48 Vin, 48 Vf, full load, and 25°C ambient unless otherwise specified)
Parameter
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
Note
VC (VTM Control)
Peak voltage
14
V
Referenced to –Out
PC (Primary Control)
DC voltage
4.8
5.0
Module disable voltage
2.3
2.4
Module enable voltage
2.5
Disable hysteresis
100
Current limit
2.0
2.7
5.2
Vdc
Vdc
2.6
Vdc
mV
3.5
mA
Enable delay time
100
µs
Disable delay time
1
µs
Source only
IL (Current Limit Adjust)
Voltage
Accuracy
1
V
± 15
%
Based on DC current limit set point
PR (Parallel Port)
Voltage
0.6
Source current
7.5
1
V
mA
External capacitance
100
pF
VH (Auxiliary Voltage)
Range
8.7
Regulation
9.0
9.3
0.04
Vdc
Maximum source = 5 mA
%/mA
SC (Secondary Control)
Voltage
1.23
Internal capacitance
1.24
1.25
0.1
External capacitance
Vdc
Referenced to SG
µF
0.7
µF
OS (Output Set)
Set point accuracy
Reference offset
± 1.5
%
±4
mV
Includes 1% external resistor
CD (Compensation Device)
External resistance
20
Ω
Omit resistor for regulation at output of PRM
General Specs
Parameter
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
Note
Mhrs
25°C, GB
MTBF
MIL-HDBK-217F
2.2
Agency approvals (pending)
cTÜVus
UL/CSA 60950, EN60950
CE Mark
Low voltage directive
Mechanical parameters
See mechanical drawing, Figures 17 and 19
Weight
0.5 / 14
oz / g
Dimensions
Length
1.26 / 32
in / mm
Width
0.85 / 21.5
in / mm
Height
0.23 / 5.9
in / mm
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V•I Chip Pre-Regulator Module
P048K048T24AL
Rev. 1.4
Page 6 of 15
PRELIMINARY
Electrical Specifications (continued)
Thermal
Symbol
Parameter
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
Note
125
130
0.61
1.1
2.1
6.5
5.0
135
°C
Ws/°C
°C/W
°C/W
°C/W
°C/W
Junction temperature
RθJC
RθJB
RθJA
RθJA
Over temperature shutdown
Thermal capacity
Junction-to-case thermal impedance
Junction-to-BGA thermal impedance
Junction-to-ambient (1)
Junction-to-ambient (2)
Notes:
(1) P048K048T24AL surface mounted in-board to a 2" x 2" FR4 board, 4 layers 2 oz Cu, 300 LFM.
(2) P048K048T24AL with a 0.25"H heatsink surface mounted on FR4 board, 300 LFM.
V•I Chip Stress Driven Product Qualification Process
Test
Standard
Environment
High Temperature Operational Life (HTOL)
Temperature cycling
High temperature storage
Moisture resistance
Temperature Humidity Bias Testing (THB)
Pressure cooker testing (Autoclave)
Highly Accelerated Stress Testing (HAST)
Solvent resistance/marking permanency
Mechanical vibration
Mechanical shock
Electro static discharge testing – human body model
Electro static discharge testing – machine model
JESD22-A-108-B
JESD22-A-104B
JESD22-A-103A
JESD22-A113-B
EIA/JESD22-A-101-B
JESD22-A-102-C
JESD22-A-110B
JESD22-B-107-A
JESD22-B-103-A
JESD22-B-104-A
EIA/JESD22-A114-A
EIA/JESD22-A115-A
Per Vicor Internal
Test Specification(1)
125°C, Vmax, 1,008 hrs
-55°C to 125°C, 1,000 cycles
150°C, 1,000 hrs
Moisture sensitivity Level 5
85°C, 85% RH, Vmax, 1,008 hrs
121°C, 100% RH, 15 PSIG, 96 hrs
130°C, 85% RH, Vmax, 96 hrs
Solvents A, B & C as defined
20g peak, 20-2,000 Hz, test in X, Y & Z directions
1,500g peak 0.5 ms pulse duration, 5 pulses in 6 directions
Meets or exceeds 2,000 Volts
Meets or exceeds 200 Volts
Per Vicor internal
test specification(1)
Constant line, 0-100% load, -20°C to 125°C
Highly Accelerated Life Testing (HALT)
Dynamic cycling
Operation limits verified, destruct margin determined
Note:
(1) For details of the test protocols see Vicor’s website.
V•I Chip Ball Grid Array Interconnect Qualification
Test
Standard
Environment
BGA solder fatigue evaluation
IPC-9701
IPC-SM-785
Cycle condition: TC3 (-40 to +125°C)
Test duration: NTC-B (500 failure free cycles)
Solder ball shear test
IPC-9701
Failure through bulk solder or copper pad lift-off
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800-735-6200
V•I Chip Pre-Regulator Module
P048K048T24AL
Rev. 1.4
Page 7 of 15
PRELIMINARY
Pin / Control Functions
V•I Chip Pre-Regulator Module
+IN / -IN DC Voltage Ports
The V•I Chip maximum input voltage should not be exceeded. PRMs
have internal over / undervoltage lockout functions that prevent
operation outside of the specified input range. PRMs will turn on
when the input voltage rises above its undervoltage lockout. If the
input voltage exceeds the overvoltage lockout, PRMs will shut down
until the overvoltage fault clears.
IF Version
AL Version
VS
VH
FB
SC
FG
SG
NC
OS
NC
NC
NC
CD
+OUT / -OUT Factorized Voltage Output Ports
These ports provide the Factorized Bus voltage output. The –OUT port
is connected internally to the –IN port through a current sense resistor.
The PRM has a maximum power and a maximum current rating and is
protected if either rating is exceeded. Do not short –OUT to –IN.
+Out
–Out
4 3
21
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
J
K
L
M
N
P
R
T
U
V
W
Y
AA
AB
AC
AD
AE
AF
AG
AH
AJ
AK
AL
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
J
K
L
M
N
P
R
T
U
V
W
Y
AA
AB
AC
AD
AE
AF
AG
AH
AJ
AK
AL
VC
PC
TM
IL
NC
PR
+In
–In
VC – VTM Control
The VTM Control (VC) port supplies an initial VCC voltage to
downstream VTMs, — enabling the VTMs and synchronizing the rise of
the VTM output voltage to that of the PRM. The VC port also provides
feedback to the PRM to compensate for voltage drop due to the VTM
output resistance. The PRM’s VC port should be connected to the VTM
VC port. A PRM VC port can drive a maximum of two (2) VTM VC ports.
PC – Primary Control
The PRM voltage output is enabled when the PC pin is open circuit
(floating). To disable the PRM output voltage, the PC pin is pulled low.
Open collector optocouplers, transistors, or relays can be used to
control the PC pin. When using multiple PRMs in a high power array,
the PC ports should be tied together to synchronize their turn on.
TM – Factory Use Only
Bottom View
Signal Name
+In
–In
VC
PC
TM
IL
PR
VH
SC
SG
OS
CD
+Out
–Out
BGA Designation
P1-AA1,P2-AA2
AD1-AL1, AD2-AL2
A1,A2
C1, C2
E1, E2
G1, G2
L1, L2
A3, A4
C3, C4
E3, E4
G3, G4
L3, L4
P3-AA3, P4-AA4
AD3-AL3, AD4-AL4
Figure 13 — BGA configuration
IL – Current Limit Adjust
The PRM has a preset, maximum, current limit set point. The IL port
may be used to reduce the current limit set point to a lower value.
SG – Signal Ground
This port provides a low inductance Kelvin connection to –IN and
should be used as reference for the OS, CD, SC, and IL ports.
PR – Parallel Port
The PR port signal, which is proportional to the PRM output power,
supports current sharing among PRMs. To enable current sharing, PR
ports should be interconnected. Bypass capacitance should be used
when interconnecting PR ports and steps should be taken to minimize
coupling noise into the interconnecting bus. Please consult Vicor
Applications Engineering regarding additional considerations.
OS – Output Set
The application-specific value of the Factorized Bus voltage (Vf) is set
by connecting a resistor between OS and SG. Resistor value selection is
shown in Table 1 on Page 2, and described on Page 9. If no resistor is
connected, the PRM output will be approximately one volt.
CD – Compensation Device
VH – Auxiliary Voltage
VH is a gated, non-isolated, nominally 9 Volt, regulated DC voltage
(see “Auxiliary Pins” specifications, on Page 6) that is referenced to
SG. VH may be used to power external circuitry having a total current
consumption of no more than 5 mA.
SC – Secondary Control
Adaptive Loop control is configured by connecting an external resistor
between the CD port and SG. Selection of an appropriate resistor
value (see Equation 2 on Page 9 and Table 1 on Page 2) configures the
PRM to compensate for voltage drops in the equivalent output
resistance of the VTM and the PRM-VTM distribution bus. If no resistor
is connected to CD, the PRM will be in Local Loop mode and will
regulate the +OUT / –OUT voltage to a fixed value.
The load voltage may be controlled by connecting a resistor or voltage
source to the SC port. The slew rate of the output voltage may be
controlled by controlling the rate-of-rise of the voltage at the SC port
(e.g., to limit inrush current into a capacitive load).
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V•I Chip Pre-Regulator Module
P048K048T24AL
Rev. 1.4
Page 8 of 15
PRELIMINARY
Application Information
V•I Chip Pre-Regulator Module
Vout = VL ± 2%
IL
VC
PC
TM
IL
NC
PR
PRM-AL
VH
SC
SG
OS
NC
CD
Factorized
Bus (Vf)
ROS
RCD
Vf =
Vin
–Out
–In
TM
VC
PC
0.4 μH
+Out
+In
+Out
+In
(IL•Ro)
VL
+
K
K
VTM
-In
-Out
+Out
K
Ro
L
O
A
D
-Out
Figure 14 — Adaptive Loop compensation with soft start using the SC port.
Output Voltage Setting with Adaptive Loop
The equations for calculating ROS and RCD to set a VTM output
voltage are:
( VL • 0.8395 ) – 1
K
91238
RCD =
+1
A low voltage source can be applied to the SC port to margin the load
voltage in proportion to the SC reference voltage.
An external capacitor can be added to the SC port as shown in Figure 14 to
control the output voltage slew rate for soft start.
93100
ROS =
Where Vfd is the desired factorized bus and Vfs is the set factorized bus.
(1)
Nominal Vout
Range (Vdc)
(2)
ROS
VTM
K Factor
0.8 ↔
1.1 ↔
1.6
1/32
2.2
1/24
1.6 ↔
2.2 ↔
3.3
1/16
VOUT = VTM output voltage
4.4
1/12
K = VTM transformation ratio
(available from appropriate VTM data sheet)
3.3 ↔
4.3 ↔
6.6
1/8
8.8
1/6
Vf = PRM output voltage, the Factorized Bus (see Figure 14)
6.5 ↔
8.7 ↔
13.4
1/4
17.9
1/3
13.0 ↔
17.4 ↔
26.9
1/2
36.0
2/3
26.0 ↔
54.0
1
VL = Desired load voltage
RO = VTM output resistance
(available from appropriate VTM data sheet)
IL = Load Current
(actual current delivered to the load)
Table 2 — 048 input series VTM K factor selection guide
Output Voltage Trimming (optional)
After setting the output voltage from the procedure above the output
may be margined down (26Vf min) by a resistor from SC-SG using this
formula:
RdΩ =
10000 Vfd
Vfs - Vfd
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V•I Chip Pre-Regulator Module
P048K048T24AL
Rev. 1.4
Page 9 of 15
PRELIMINARY
Application Information (continued)
V•I Chip Pre-Regulator Module
OVP – Overvoltage Protection
Adjusting current limit
The output Overvoltage Protection set point of the P048K048T24AL is
factory preset for 58 V. If this threshold is exceeded the output shuts
down and a restart sequence is initiated. If the condition that causes
OVP is still present, the unit will again shut down. This cycle will be
repeated until the fault condition is removed. The OVP set point may
be set at the factory to meet unique high voltage requirements.
The current limit can be lowered by placing an external resistor
between the IL and SG ports (see figure 16 for resistor values). With
the IL port open-circuit, the current limit is preset to be within the
range specified in the output specifications table on Page 4.
PRM output power versus VTM output power
100.00
Resistance (kΩ)
As shown in Figure 15, the P048K048T24AL is rated to deliver 5 A
maximum, when it is delivering an output voltage in the range from
26 V to 48 V, and 240 W, maximum, when delivering an output
voltage in the range from 48 V to 55 V. When configuring a PRM for
use with a specific VTM, refer to the appropriate VTM data sheet. The
VTM input power can be calculated by dividing the VTM output power
by the VTM efficiency (available from the VTM data sheet). The input
power required by the VTM should not exceed the output power
rating of the PRM.
10.00
1.00
1
2
3
4
5
Desired PRM Output Current Limit (A)
5.1
5.0
Figure 16 — External resistor value for adjusting current limit
Current (A)
4.9
4.8
4.7
Safe Operating Area
4.6
Input fuse recommendations
4.5
4.4
4.3
0
~
~
20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60
A fuse should be incorporated at the input to the PRM, in series with
the +IN port. A fast acting fuse, NANO2 FUSE 451/453 Series 10 A
125 V, or equivalent, may be required to meet certain safety agency
Conditions of Acceptability. Always ascertain and observe the safety,
regulatory, or other agency specifications that apply to your specific
application.
Factorized Bus Voltage (Vf)
Figure 15 — P048K048T24AL rating based on Factorized Bus voltage
Product safety considerations
If the input of the PRM is connected to SELV or ELV circuits, the output
of the PRM can be considered SELV or ELV respectively.
The Factorized Bus voltage should not exceed an absolute limit of
55 V, including steady state, ripple and transient conditions. Exceeding
this limit may cause the internal OVP set point to be exceeded.
Parallel considerations
The PR port is used to connect two or more PRMs in parallel to form a
higher power array. When configuring arrays, PR port interconnection
bypass capacitance must be used at ~1nF per PRM. Additionally one
PRM should be designated as the master while all other PRMs are set
as slaves by shorting their SC pin to SG. The PC pins must be directly
connected (no diodes) to assure a uniform start up sequence. The
factorized bus should be connected in parallel as well.
vicorpower.com
800-735-6200
If the input of the PRM is connected to a centralized DC power system
where the working or float voltage is above SELV, but less than or
equal to 75 V, the input and output voltage of the PRM should be
classified as a TNV-2 circuit and spaced 1.3 mm from SELV circuitry or
accessible conductive parts according to the requirements of UL60950,
CSA 22.2 60950, EN60950, and IEC60950.
Applications assistance
Please contact Vicor Applications Engineering for assistance,
1-800-927-9474, or email at [email protected].
V•I Chip Pre-Regulator Module
P048K048T24AL
Rev. 1.4
Page 10 of 15
PRELIMINARY
Mechanical Specifications
V•I Chip Pre-Regulator Module
1,00
0.039
0,51
0.020
9,00
0.354
SOLDER BALL
28,8
1.13
SOLDER BALL #A1
INPUT
OUTPUT
INPUT
(88) X ø
1,00
0.039
18,00
0.709
OUTPUT
21,5
0.85
SOLDER BALL
#A1 INDICATOR
32,0
1.26
5,9
0.23
C
L
15,00
0.591
16,0
0.63
C
L
1,6
0.06
TOP VIEW (COMPONENT SIDE)
30,00
1.181
1,00
0.040
BOTTOM VIEW
3,8
0.15
15,7
0.62
NOTES:
mm
1- DIMENSIONS ARE inch .
2- UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED, TOLERANCES ARE:
.X/[.XX] = +/-0.25/[.01]; .XX/[.XXX] = +/-0.13/[.005]
3- PRODUCT MARKING ON TOP SURFACE
SEATING PLANE
DXF and PDF files are available on vicorpower.com
Figure 17 — PRM BGA mechanical outline; Inboard mounting
1,50
0.059
INBOARD MOUNTING
BGA surface mounting requires a cutout in the
PCB in which to recess the V•I Chip
1,00
0.039
( ø 0,51 )
0.020
0,50
0.020
0,53
ø 0.021 PLATED VIA
CONNECT TO
INNER LAYERS
0,50
TYP
0.020
SOLDER MASK
DEFINED PADS
2,00
0.079
18,00
0.709
1,00
0.039
1,00
0.039
9,00
0.354
VH SC SG
VC
SOLDER PAD #A1
TM
PC
1
PR
NC
IL
OS NC CD
28,00
1.102
(2) X
+IN
24,00
0.945
(2) X 26,00
1.024
+OUT
(2) X
30,00
(2) X 1.181
PCB CUTOUT
(2) X
20,00
0.787
-OUT
10,00
(2) X 0.394
-IN
(2) X
RECOMMENDED LAND PATTERN
AND INNER LAYER INTERCONNECT
(COMPONENT SIDE SHOWN)
22,00
0.866
(4) X 7,00
0.276
NOTES:
mm
1- DIMENSIONS ARE inch .
2- UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED, TOLERANCES ARE:
.X/[.XX] = +/-0.25/[.01]; .XX/[.XXX] = +/-0.13/[.005]
31
AB
(88) X ø 0,51
0.020
SOLDER MASK
DEFINED PAD
CD
8,08
0.318
16,16
0.636
DXF and PDF files are available on vicorpower.com
(4) X R 1,6
0.06
Figure 18 — PRM BGA PCB land / VIA layout information; Inboard mounting
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800-735-6200
V•I Chip Pre-Regulator Module
P048K048T24AL
Rev. 1.4
Page 11 of 15
PRELIMINARY
Mechanical Specifications (continued)
V•I Chip Pre-Regulator Module
3,01
0.118
6,2
0.25
22,0
0.87
15,99
0.630
3,01
0.118
1,10
(12) X 0.043
OUTPUT
INPUT
OUTPUT
32,0
1.26
30,00
1.181
26,00
(2) X
1.024
INPUT
(2) X
CL
(2) X 22,00
0.866
28,00
1.102
20,00
(2) X 0.787
15,55
0.612
(2) X 10,00
0.394
(4) X 8,10
0.319
0,45
0.020
TOP VIEW (COMPONENT SIDE)
(2) X
24,00
(2) X 0.945
CL
BOTTOM VIEW
NOTES:
mm
1- DIMENSIONS ARE inch .
2- UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED, TOLERANCES ARE:
.X/[.XX] = +/-0.25/[.01]; .XX/[.XXX] = +/-0.13/[.005]
3- PRODUCT MARKING ON TOP SURFACE
DXF and PDF files are available on vicorpower.com
Figure 19— PRM J-Lead mechanical outline; Onboard mounting
3,26
0.128
15,74
0.620
3,26
0.128
1,38
TYP
0.054
CD
PC
TM
IL
NC
PR
NC
30,00
1.181
26,00
(4) X 1.024
22,00
(4) X 0.866
+OUT
+IN
(4) X
OS
20,00
(4) X 0.787
SG
(4) X 24,00
0.945
SC
28,00
(4) X 1.102
(24) X 1,48
0.058
VH
VC
0,51
TYP
0.020
-OUT
8,48
(8) X 0.334
-IN
15,96
0.628
(4) X 10,00
0.394
RECOMMENDED LAND PATTERN
(COMPONENT SIDE SHOW)
NOTES:
mm
1- DIMENSIONS ARE inch .
2- UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED, TOLERANCES ARE:
.X/[.XX] = +/-0.25/[.01]; .XX/[.XXX] = +/-0.13/[.005]
DXF and PDF files are available on vicorpower.com
Figure 20— PRM J-Lead PCB land layout information; Onboard mounting
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800-735-6200
V•I Chip Pre-Regulator Module
P048K048T24AL
Rev. 1.4
Page 12 of 15
PRELIMINARY
Configuration Options
V•I Chip Pre-Regulator Module
Configuration
Inboard(1)
(Figure 21)
Onboard (1)
(Figure 22)
Inboard with 0.25"
Pin Fins (2)
Onboard with 0.25"
Pin Fins (2)
Effective power density
1400 W/in3
875 W/in3
546 W/in3
437 W/in3
Effective Junction-Board
thermal resistance
2.1 °C/W
2.4 °C/W
2.1 °C/W
2.4 °C/W
Effective Junction-Case
thermal resistance
1.1 °C/W
1.1 °C/W
N/A
N/A
Effective Junction-Ambient
thermal resistance 300LFM
6.5 °C/W
6.8 °C/W
5.0 °C/W
5.0 °C/W
Note:
(1) Surface mounted to a 2" x 2" FR4 board, 4 layers 2 oz Cu
(2) Pin Fin heat sink available as a separate item
21.5
0.85
22.0
0.87
32.0
1.26
32.0
1.26
4.0
0.16
6.3
0.25
INBOARD MOUNT
(V•I Chip recessed into PCB)
mm
in
mm
in
Figure 22—Onboard mounting – package F
Figure 21—Inboard mounting – package K
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ONBOARD MOUNT
800-735-6200
V•I Chip Pre-Regulator Module
P048K048T24AL
Rev. 1.4
Page 13 of 15
PRELIMINARY
Application Information
V•I Chip Pre-Regulator Module
V•I Chip soldering recommendations
Removal and rework
V•I Chip modules are intended for reflow soldering processes. The
following information defines the processing conditions required for
successful attachment of a V•I Chip to a PCB. Failure to follow the
recommendations provided can result in aesthetic or functional failure
of the module.
V•I Chip modules can be removed from PCBs using special tools such
as those made by Air-Vac. These tools heat a very localized region of
the board with a hot gas while applying a tensile force to the
component (using vacuum). Prior to component heating and removal,
the entire board should be heated to 80-100ºC to decrease the
component heating time as well as local PCB warping. If there are
adjacent moisture-sensitive components, a 125ºC bake should be used
prior to component removal to prevent popcorning. V•I Chip modules
should not be expected to survive a removal operation.
Storage
V•I Chip modules are currently rated at MSL 5. Exposure to ambient
conditions for more than 72 hours requires a 24 hour bake at 125ºC
to remove moisture from the package.
Solder paste stencil design
239
Solder paste is recommended for a number of reasons, including
overcoming minor solder sphere co-planarity issues as well as simpler
integration into overall SMD process.
63/37 SnPb, either no-clean or water-washable, solder paste should be
used. Pb-free development is underway.
The recommended stencil thickness is 6 mils. The apertures should be
20 mils in diameter for the Inboard (BGA) application and 0.9-0.9:1 for
the Onboard (J-Leaded).
Joint Temperature, 220ºC
Case Temperature, 208ºC
183
165
degC
91
Pick and place
Inboard (BGA) modules should be placed as accurately as possible
to minimize any skewing of the solder joint; a maximum offset of
10 mils is allowable. Onboard (J-Leaded) modules should be placed
within ±5 mils.
16
Soldering Time
Figure 23—Thermal profile diagram
To maintain placement position, the modules should not be subjected
to acceleration greater than 500 in/sec2 prior to reflow.
Reflow
There are two temperatures critical to the reflow process; the solder
joint temperature and the module’s case temperature. The solder joint’s
temperature should reach at least 220ºC, with a time above liquidus
(183ºC) of ~30 seconds.
The module’s case temperature must not exceed 208 ºC at anytime
during reflow.
Because of the ΔT needed between the pin and the case, a forced-air
convection oven is preferred for reflow soldering. This reflow method
generally transfers heat from the PCB to the solder joint. The module’s
large mass also reduces its temperature rise. Care should be taken to
prevent smaller devices from excessive temperatures. Reflow of
modules onto a PCB using Air-Vac-type equipment is not recommended
due to the high temperature the module will experience.
Figure 24— Properly reflowed V•I Chip J-Lead
Inspection
For the BGA-version, a visual examination of the post-reflow solder
joints should show relatively columnar solder joints with no bridges.
An inspection using x-ray equipment can be done, but the module’s
materials may make imaging difficult.
The J-Lead versions solder joints should conform to IPC 12.2
• Properly wetted fillet must be evident.
• Heel fillet height must exceed lead thickness plus solder thickness.
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800-735-6200
V•I Chip Pre-Regulator Module
P048K048T24AL
Rev. 1.4
Page 14 of 15
Warranty
Vicor products are guaranteed for two years from date of shipment against defects in material or workmanship when in
normal use and service. This warranty does not extend to products subjected to misuse, accident, or improper application
or maintenance. Vicor shall not be liable for collateral or consequential damage. This warranty is extended to the original
purchaser only.
EXCEPT FOR THE FOREGOING EXPRESS WARRANTY, VICOR MAKES NO WARRANTY, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT
NOT LIMITED TO, THE WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
Vicor will repair or replace defective products in accordance with its own best judgement. For service under this warranty,
the buyer must contact Vicor to obtain a Return Material Authorization (RMA) number and shipping instructions.
Products returned without prior authorization will be returned to the buyer. The buyer will pay all charges incurred in
returning the product to the factory. Vicor will pay all reshipment charges if the product was defective within the terms
of this warranty.
Information published by Vicor has been carefully checked and is believed to be accurate; however, no responsibility is
assumed for inaccuracies. Vicor reserves the right to make changes to any products without further notice to improve
reliability, function, or design. Vicor does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or
circuit; neither does it convey any license under its patent rights nor the rights of others. Vicor general policy does not
recommend the use of its components in life support applications wherein a failure or malfunction may directly threaten
life or injury. Per Vicor Terms and Conditions of Sale, the user of Vicor components in life support applications assumes
all risks of such use and indemnifies Vicor against all damages.
Vicor’s comprehensive line of power solutions includes high density AC-DC
and DC-DC modules and accessory components, fully configurable AC-DC
and DC-DC power supplies, and complete custom power systems.
Information furnished by Vicor is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Vicor
for its use. Vicor components are not designed to be used in applications, such as life support systems, wherein a
failure or malfunction could result in injury or death. All sales are subject to Vicor’s Terms and Conditions of Sale,
which are available upon request.
Specifications are subject to change without notice.
Intellectual Property Notice
Vicor and its subsidiaries own Intellectual Property (including issued U.S. and Foreign Patents and pending
patent applications) relating to the products described in this data sheet. Interested parties should contact
Vicor's Intellectual Property Department.
Vicor Corporation
25 Frontage Road
Andover, MA, USA 01810
Tel: 800-735-6200
Fax: 978-475-6715
email
Vicor Express: [email protected]
Technical Support: [email protected]
vicorpower.com
800-735-6200
V•I Chip Pre-Regulator Module
P048K048T24AL
Rev. 1.4
8/05