MICREL KS8995M

KS8995M
Micrel, Inc.
KS8995M
Integrated 5-Port 10/100 Managed Switch
Rev 1.13
General Description
Features
The KS8995M is a highly integrated Layer-2 managed switch
with optimized BOM (Bill of Materials) cost for low port count,
cost-sensitive 10/100Mbps switch systems. It also provides
an extensive feature set such as tag/port-based VLAN, QoS
(Quality of Service) priority, management, MIB counters, dual
MII interfaces and CPU control/data interfaces to effectively
address both current and emerging Fast Ethernet applications.
The KS8995M contains five 10/100 transceivers with patented mixed-signal low-power technology, five MAC (Media
Access Control) units, a high-speed non-blocking switch
fabric, a dedicated address look-up engine, and an on-chip
frame buffer memory.
All PHY units support 10BaseT and 100BaseTX. In addition,
two of the PHY units support 100BaseFX (Ports 4 and 5).
All support documentation can be found on Micrel’s web site
at: www.micrel.com.
• Integrated switch with five MACs and five Fast Ethernet
transceivers fully compliant to IEEE 802.3u standard
• Shared memory based switch fabric with fully nonblocking configuration
• 1.4Gbps high-performance memory bandwidth
• 10BaseT, 100BaseTX and 100BaseFX modes (FX in
Ports 4 and 5)
• Dual MII configuration: MII-Switch (MAC or PHY mode
MII) and MII-P5 (PHY mode MII)
• IEEE 802.1q tag-based VLAN (16 VLANs, full-range
VID) for DMZ port, WAN/LAN separation or inter-VLAN
switch links
• VLAN ID tag/untag options, per-port basis
• Programmable rate limiting 0Mbps to 100Mbps, ingress
and egress port, rate options for high and low priority,
per-port-basis
• Flow control or drop packet rate limiting (ingress port)
• Integrated MIB counters for fully compliant statistics
gathering, 34 MIB counters per port
Functional Diagram
10/100
T/Tx 1
10/100
MAC 1
Auto
MDI/MDIX
10/100
T/Tx 2
10/100
MAC 2
Auto
MDI/MDIX
10/100
T/Tx 3
10/100
MAC 3
Auto
MDI/MDIX
10/100
T/Tx/Fx 4
10/100
MAC 4
Auto
MDI/MDIX
MII-P5
MDC, MDI/O
MII-SW or SNI
10/100
T/Tx/Fx 5
10/100
MAC 5
Control Reg I/F
LED0[5:1]
LED1[5:1]
LED2[5:1]
SNI
LED I/F
FIFO, Flow Control, VLAN Tagging, Priority
Auto
MDI/MDIX
1K look-up
Engine
Queue
Mgmnt
Buffer
Mgmnt
Frame
Buffers
SPI
MIB
Counters
Control
Registers
EEPROM
I/F
KS8995M
Micrel, Inc. • 2180 Fortune Drive • San Jose, CA 95131 • USA • tel + 1 (408) 944-0800 • fax + 1 (408) 944-0970 • http://www.micrel.com
July 2006
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M9999-070506
KS8995M
Micrel, Inc.
Features (continued)
Applications
• Enable/Disable option for huge frame size up to 1916
bytes per frame
• IGMP v1/v2 snooping for multicast packet filtering
• Special tagging mode to send CPU info on ingress
packet’s port value
• SPI slave (complete) and MDIO (MII PHY only) serial
management interface for control of register configuration
• MAC-id based security lock option
• Control registers configurable on-the-fly (port-priority,
802.1p/d/q, AN...)
• CPU read access to MAC forwarding table entries
• 802.1d Spanning Tree Protocol
• Port mirroring/monitoring/sniffing: ingress and/or egress
traffic to any port or MII
• Broadcast storm protection with percent control – global
and per-port basis
• Optimization for fiber-to-copper media conversion
• Full-chip hardware power-down support (register
configuration not saved)
• Per-port based software power-save on PHY (idle link
detection, register configuration preserved)
• QoS/CoS packets prioritization supports: per port,
802.1p and DiffServ based
• 802.1p/q tag insertion or removal on a per port basis
(egress)
• MDC and MDI/O interface support to access the MII
PHY control registers (not all control registers)
• MII local loopback support
• On-chip 64Kbyte memory for frame buffering (not
shared with 1K unicast address table)
• Wire-speed reception and transmission
• Integrated look-up engine with dedicated 1K MAC
addresses
• Full duplex IEEE 802.3x and half-duplex back pressure
flow control
• Comprehensive LED support
• 7-wire SNI support for legacy MAC interface
• Automatic MDI/MDI-X crossover for plug-and-play
• Disable Automatic MDI/MDI-X option
• Low power:
Core: 1.8V
I/O: 2.5V or 3.3V
• 0.18µm CMOS technology
• Commercial temperature range: 0°C to +70°C
• Industrial temperature range: –40°C to +85°C
• Available in 128-pin PQFP package
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
M9999-070506
Broadband gateway/firewall/VPN
Integrated DSL or cable modem multi-port router
Wireless LAN access point plus gateway
Home networking expansion
Standalone 10/100 switch
Hotel/campus/MxU gateway
Enterprise VoIP gateway/phone
FTTx customer premise equipment
Managed media converter
Ordering Information
Part Number
2
Temperature Range
Package
KS8995M
0°C to +70°C
128-Pin PQFP
KSZ8995M
0°C to +70°C
128-Pin PQFP Lead Free
KS8995MI
–40°C to +85°C
128-Pin PQFP
July 2006
KS8995M
Micrel, Inc.
Revision History
Revision
Date
Summary of Changes
1.00
11/05/01
Created
1.01
11/09/01
Pinout Mux1/2, DVCC-IO 2.5/3.3V, feature list, register spec 11-09
1.02
12/03/01
Editorial changes, added new register and MIB descriptions. Added paragraph describing TOS registers.
Imported functional descriptions. Formatting.
1.03
12/12/01
Incorporate changes per engineering feedback as well as updating functional descriptions and adding
new timing information.
1.04
12/13/01
Changed Rev. and For. Modes to PHY and MAC modes respectively. Added MIIM clarification in “MII
Management Interface” section. Reformatted section sequence. Added hex register addresses. Added
advertisement ability descriptions.
1.05
12/18/01
Inserted switch forwarding flow charts.
1.06
12/20/01
Added new KS8995M block diagram, editorial changes, register descriptions changes and crossreferences from functional descriptions to register and strap in options.
1.07
1/22/01
Changed FXSD pins to inputs, added new descriptions to “Configuration Interfaces” section.
Edited pin descriptions.
1.08
3/1/02
Editorial changes in “Dynamic MAC Address table and “MIB Counters.” Updated figure 2 flowchart.
Updated table 2 for MAC mode connections. Separate static MAC bit assignments for read and write.
Edited read and write examples to MAC tables and MIB counters. Changed Table 3 KS8995M signals to
“S” suffix. Changed aging description in Register 2, bit 0. Changed “Port Registers” section and listed all
port register addresses. Changed port control 11 description for bits [7:5]. Changed MIB counter
descriptions.
1.09
5/17/02
Changed MII setting in “Pin Descriptions.” Changed pu/pd descriptions for SMRXD2. “Register 18,”
changed pu/pd description for forced flow control. “Illegal Frames. ” Edited large packet sizes back in.
“Elecrical Characteristics,” Added in typical supply current numbers for 100 BaseTX and 10 BaseTX
operation. “Register 18,” Added in note for illegal half-duplex, force flow control. “Pin Description,” Added
extra X1 clock input description. “Elecrical Characteristics,” Updated to chip only current numbers.
Added SPI Timing. Feature Highlights.
1.10
7/29/02
“Pin Description,” changed SMRXC and SMTXC to I/O. Input in MAC mode, output in PHY mode MII.
“Elecrical Characteristics,” modified current consumption to chip only numbers. “Half-Duplex Back
Pressure,” added description for no dropped packets in half-duplex mode. Added recommended
operating conditions. Added Idle mode current consumption in “Elecrical Characteristics,” added
“Selection of Isolation Transformers,” Added 3.01kΩ resistor instructions for ISET “Pin Description”
section. Changed Polarity of transmit pairs in “Pin Description.” Changed description for Register 2, bit 1,
in “Register Description” section. Added “Reset Timing” section.
1.11
12/17/02
“Register 3” changed 802.1x to 802.3x. “Register 6,” changed default column to disable flow control for
pull-down, and enable flow control for pull-up. “Register 29” and “Register 0” indicate loop back is at the
PHY. Added description to register 4 bit 2 to indicate that STPID packets from CPU to normal ports are
not allowed as 1522 byte tag packets. Fixed dynamic MAC address example errors in “Dynamic MAC
Address Table.” Changed definition of forced MDI, MDIX in section “Register 29,” “Register 30” and
“Register 0.” Added “Part Ordering Information.” Added Ambient operating temperature for KS8995MI
1.12
3/10/03
Changed pin 120 description to NC. Changed SPIQ pin description to Otri. Changed logo. Changed
contact information.
1.13
7/5/06
Add a note for VLAN table write, improve the timing diagram of MAC mode and PHY mode for MII
interface, change VDDIO support 3.3V only, update pin description for PCRS, PCOL, and so on.
July 2006
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KS8995M
Micrel, Inc.
Table of Contents
System Level Applications ......................................................................................................................................... 7
Pin Description (by Number) ...................................................................................................................................... 9
Pin Description (by Name) ........................................................................................................................................ 15
Pin Configuration ...................................................................................................................................................... 21
Introduction
........................................................................................................................................................... 22
Functional Overview: Physical Layer Transceiver ................................................................................................ 22
100BaseTX Transmit ........................................................................................................................................... 22
100BaseTX Receive ............................................................................................................................................ 22
PLL Clock Synthesizer ......................................................................................................................................... 22
Scrambler/De-scrambler (100BaseTX only) ........................................................................................................ 22
100BaseFX Operation ......................................................................................................................................... 22
100BaseFX Signal Detection ............................................................................................................................... 22
100BaseFX Far End Fault ................................................................................................................................... 23
10BaseT Transmit ............................................................................................................................................... 23
10BaseT Receive ................................................................................................................................................ 23
Power Management ............................................................................................................................................. 23
MDI/MDI-X Auto Crossover ................................................................................................................................. 23
Auto-Negotiation .................................................................................................................................................. 23
Functional Overview: Switch Core .......................................................................................................................... 24
Address Look-Up ................................................................................................................................................. 24
Learning ........................................................................................................................................................... 24
Migration ........................................................................................................................................................... 24
Aging
........................................................................................................................................................... 24
Forwarding ........................................................................................................................................................... 24
Switching Engine ................................................................................................................................................. 24
MAC Operation .................................................................................................................................................... 24
Inter-Packet Gap (IPG) ................................................................................................................................ 24
Backoff Algorithm ......................................................................................................................................... 24
Late Collision ............................................................................................................................................... 26
Illegal Frames .............................................................................................................................................. 26
Flow Control ................................................................................................................................................. 26
Half-Duplex Back Pressure .......................................................................................................................... 26
Broadcast Storm Protection ......................................................................................................................... 26
MII Interface Operation ........................................................................................................................................ 26
SNI Interface Operation ....................................................................................................................................... 28
Advanced Functionality ............................................................................................................................................ 28
Spanning Tree Support ........................................................................................................................................ 28
Special Tagging Mode ......................................................................................................................................... 29
IGMP Support ...................................................................................................................................................... 30
Port Mirroring Support ......................................................................................................................................... 31
VLAN Support ...................................................................................................................................................... 31
Rate Limit Support ............................................................................................................................................... 32
Configuration Interface ........................................................................................................................................ 33
I2C Master Serial Bus Configuration ............................................................................................................ 35
SPI Slave Serial Bus Configuration ............................................................................................................. 35
MII Management Interface (MIIM) ....................................................................................................................... 38
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KS8995M
Micrel, Inc.
Register Description .................................................................................................................................................
Global Registers ..................................................................................................................................................
Register 0 (0x00): Chip ID0 .........................................................................................................................
Register 1 (0x01): Chip ID1/Start Switch .....................................................................................................
Register 2 (0x02): Global Control 0 .............................................................................................................
Register 3 (0x03): Global Control 1 .............................................................................................................
Register 4 (0x04): Global Control 2 .............................................................................................................
Register 5 (0x05): Global Control 3 .............................................................................................................
Register 6 (0x06): Global Control 4 .............................................................................................................
Register 7 (0x07): Global Control 5 .............................................................................................................
Register 8 (0x08): Global Control 6 .............................................................................................................
Register 9 (0x09): Global Control 7 .............................................................................................................
Register 10 (0x0A): Global Control 8 ...........................................................................................................
Register 11 (0x0B): Global Control 9 ...........................................................................................................
Port Registers ......................................................................................................................................................
Register 16 (0x10): Port 1 Control 0 ...........................................................................................................
Register 17 (0x11): Port 1 Control 1 ...........................................................................................................
Register 18 (0x12): Port 1 Control 2 ...........................................................................................................
Register 19 (0x13): Port 1 Control 3 ...........................................................................................................
Register 20 (0x14): Port 1 Control 4 ...........................................................................................................
Register 21 (0x15): Port 1 Control 5 ...........................................................................................................
Register 22 (0x16): Port 1 Control 6 ...........................................................................................................
Register 23 (0x17): Port 1 Control 7 ...........................................................................................................
Register 24 (0x18): Port 1 Control 8 ...........................................................................................................
Register 25 (0x19): Port 1 Control 9 ...........................................................................................................
Register 26 (0x1A): Port 1 Control 10 .........................................................................................................
Register 27 (0x1B): Port 1 Control 11 .........................................................................................................
Register 28 (0x1C): Port 1 Control 12 .........................................................................................................
Register 29 (0x1D): Port 1 Control 13 .........................................................................................................
Register 30 (0x1E): Port 1 Status 0 ............................................................................................................
Register 31 (0x1F): Port 1 Status 1 .............................................................................................................
Advanced Control Registers ................................................................................................................................
Register 96 (0x60): TOS Priority Control Register 0 ...................................................................................
Register 97 (0x61): TOS Priority Control Register 1 ...................................................................................
Register 98 (0x62): TOS Priority Control Register 2 ...................................................................................
Register 99 (0x63): TOS Priority Control Register 3 ...................................................................................
Register 100 (0x64): TOS Priority Control Register 4 .................................................................................
Register 101 (0x65): TOS Priority Control Register 5 .................................................................................
Register 102 (0x66): TOS Priority Control Register 6 .................................................................................
Register 103 (0x67): TOS Priority Control Register 7 .................................................................................
Register 104 (0x68): MAC Address Register 0 ...........................................................................................
Register 105 (0x69): MAC Address Register 1 ...........................................................................................
Register 106 (0x6A): MAC Address Register 2 ...........................................................................................
Register 107 (0x6B): MAC Address Register 3 ...........................................................................................
Register 108 (0x6C): MAC Address Register 4 ..........................................................................................
Register 109 (0X6D): MAC Address Register 5 ..........................................................................................
Register 110 (0x6E): Indirect Access Control 0 ..........................................................................................
Register 111 (0x6F): Indirect Access Control 1 ..........................................................................................
July 2006
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39
39
39
40
40
41
42
42
43
43
43
43
43
44
44
44
45
46
46
46
46
46
47
47
47
47
48
49
49
50
50
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M9999-070506
KS8995M
Micrel, Inc.
Register 112 (0x70): Indirect Data Register 8 .............................................................................................
Register 113 (0x71): Indirect Data Register 7 .............................................................................................
Register 114 (0x72): Indirect Data Register 6 .............................................................................................
Register 115 (0x73): Indirect Data Register 5 .............................................................................................
Register 116 (0x74): Indirect Data Register 4 .............................................................................................
Register 117 (0x75): Indirect Data Register 3 .............................................................................................
Register 118 (0x76): Indirect Data Register 2 .............................................................................................
Register 119 (0x77): Indirect Data Register 1 .............................................................................................
Register 120 (0x78): Indirect Data Register 0 .............................................................................................
Register 121 (0x79): Digital Testing Status 0 ..............................................................................................
Register 122 (0x7A): Digital Testing Status 1 .............................................................................................
Register 123 (0x7B): Digital Testing Control 0 ............................................................................................
Register 124 (0x7C): Digital Testing Control 1 ............................................................................................
Register 125 (0x7D): Analog Testing Control 0 ..........................................................................................
Register 126 (0x7E): Analog Testing Control 1 ..........................................................................................
Register 127 (0x7F): Analog Testing Status ...............................................................................................
Static MAC Address ..................................................................................................................................................
VLAN Address ...........................................................................................................................................................
Dynamic MAC Address .............................................................................................................................................
MIB Counters ...........................................................................................................................................................
MIIM Registers ...........................................................................................................................................................
Register 0: MII Control ................................................................................................................................
Register 1: MII Status .................................................................................................................................
Register 2: PHYID HIGH .............................................................................................................................
Register 3: PHYID LOW .............................................................................................................................
Register 4: Advertisement Ability ................................................................................................................
Register 5: Link Partner Ability ....................................................................................................................
Absolute Maximum Ratings .....................................................................................................................................
Operating Ratings .....................................................................................................................................................
Electrical Characteristics ..........................................................................................................................................
Timing Diagrams .......................................................................................................................................................
Selection of Isolation Transformers ........................................................................................................................
Qualified Magnetic Lists ...........................................................................................................................................
Package Information .................................................................................................................................................
M9999-070506
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61
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63
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July 2006
KS8995M
Micrel, Inc.
Switch Controller
On-Chip Frame Buffers
System Level Applications
SPI/GPIO
10/100
MAC 1
10/100
PHY 1
10/100
MAC 2
10/100
PHY 2
10/100
MAC 3
10/100
PHY 3
10/100
MAC 4
10/100
PHY 4
10/100
MAC 5
10/100
PHY 5
4-port
LAN
1-port
WAN I/F
SPI
Ethernet
MAC
MII-SW
MII-P5
CPU
Ethernet
MAC
External WAN port PHY not needed
Switch Controller
On-Chip Frame Buffers
Figure 1. Broadband Gateway
WAN PHY & AFE
(xDSL, CM...)
SPI/GPIO
10/100
MAC 1
10/100
PHY 1
10/100
MAC 2
10/100
PHY 2
10/100
MAC 3
10/100
PHY 3
10/100
MAC 4
10/100
PHY 4
10/100
MAC 5
10/100
PHY 5
4-port
LAN
SPI
MII-SW
CPU
MII-P5
Ethernet
MAC
Figure 2. Integrated Broadband Router
July 2006
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M9999-070506
Micrel, Inc.
Switch Controller
On-Chip Frame Buffers
KS8995M
10/100
MAC 1
10/100
PHY 1
10/100
MAC 2
10/100
PHY 2
10/100
MAC 3
10/100
PHY 3
10/100
MAC 4
10/100
PHY 4
10/100
MAC 5
10/100
PHY 5
5-port
LAN
Figure 3. Standalone Switch
M9999-070506
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July 2006
KS8995M
Micrel, Inc.
Pin Description (by Number)
Pin Number
Pin Name
Type(1)
1
TEST1
NC
NC for normal operation. Factory test pin.
2
GNDA
Gnd
Analog ground
3
VDDAR
P
4
RXP1
I
1
Physical receive signal + (differential)
5
RXM1
I
1
Physical receive signal - (differential)
6
GNDA
Gnd
7
TXM1
O
1
Physical transmit signal - (differential)
8
TXP1
O
1
Physical transmit signal + (differential)
9
VDDAT
P
10
RXP2
I
2
Physical receive signal + (differential)
11
RXM2
I
2
Physical receive signal - (differential)
12
GNDA
Gnd
13
TXM2
O
2
Physical transmit signal - (differential)
14
TXP2
O
2
Physical transmit signal + (differential)
15
VDDAR
P
16
GNDA
Gnd
17
ISET
18
VDDAT
P
19
RXP3
I
3
Physical receive signal + (differential)
20
RXM3
I
3
Physical receive signal - (differential)
21
GNDA
Gnd
22
TXM3
O
3
Physical transmit signal - (differential)
23
TXP3
O
3
Physical transmit signal + (differential)
24
VDDAT
P
25
RXP4
I
4
Physical receive signal + (differential)
26
RXM4
I
4
Physical receive signal - (differential)
27
GNDA
Gnd
28
TXM4
O
4
Physical transmit signal - (differential)
29
TXP4
O
4
Physical transmit signal + (differential)
30
GNDA
Gnd
31
VDDAR
P
Port
Pin Function
1.8V analog VDD
Analog ground
2.5V analog VDD
Analog ground
1.8V analog VDD
Analog ground
Set physical transmit output current. Pull-down with a 3.01kΩ 1%
resistor.
2.5V analog VDD
Analog ground
2.5V analog VDD
Analog ground
Analog ground
1.8V analog VDD
Note:
1. P = Power supply
I = Input
O = Output
I/O = Bi-directional
Gnd = Ground
Ipu = Input w/ internal pull-up
Ipd = Input w/ internal pull-down
Ipd/O = Input w/ internal pull-down during reset, output pin otherwise
Ipu/O = Input w/ internal pull-up during reset, output pin otherwise
PU = Strap pin pull-up
PD = Strap pin pull-down
Otri = Output tristated
NC = No Connect
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KS8995M
Micrel, Inc.
Pin Number
Pin Name
Type(1)
Port
32
RXP5
I
5
Physical receive signal + (differential)
33
RXM5
I
5
Physical receive signal - (differential)
34
GNDA
Gnd
35
TXM5
O
5
Physical transmit signal - (differential)
36
TXP5
O
5
Physical transmit signal + (differential)
37
VDDAT
P
38
FXSD5
I
5
Fiber signal detect/factory test pin, pull-down for TX mode
39
FXSD4
I
4
Fiber signal detect/factory test pin, pull-down for TX mode
40
GNDA
Gnd
41
VDDAR
P
42
GNDA
Gnd
43
VDDAR
P
44
GNDA
Gnd
Analog ground
45
MUX1
NC
46
MUX2
NC
MUX1 and MUX2 should be left unconnected for normal operation.
They are factory test pins.
Pin Function
Analog ground
2.5V analog VDD
Analog ground
1.8V analog VDD
Analog ground
1.8V analog VDD
Mode
Mux1
Mux2
Normal Operation
NC
NC
Remote Analog Loopback Mode for Testing only
0
1
Reserved
1
0
Power Save Mode for Testing only
1
1
47
PWRDN_N
Ipu
Full-chip power down. Active low.
48
RESERVE
NC
Reserved pin. No connect.
49
GNDD
Gnd
Digital ground
50
VDDC
P
51
PMTXEN
Ipd
5
PHY[5] MII transmit enable
52
PMTXD3
Ipd
5
PHY[5] MII transmit bit 3
53
PMTXD2
Ipd
5
PHY[5] MII transmit bit 2
54
PMTXD1
Ipd
5
PHY[5] MII transmit bit 1
55
PMTXD0
Ipd
5
PHY[5] MII transmit bit 0
56
PMTXER
Ipd
5
PHY[5] MII transmit error
57
PMTXC
O
5
PHY[5] MII transmit clock. PHY mode MII.
58
GNDD
Gnd
1.8V digital core VDD
Digital ground
Note:
1. P = Power supply
I = Input
O = Output
I/O = Bi-directional
Gnd = Ground
Ipu = Input w/ internal pull-up
Ipd = Input w/ internal pull-down
Ipd/O = Input w/ internal pull-down during reset, output pin otherwise
Ipu/O = Input w/ internal pull-up during reset, output pin otherwise
PU = Strap pin pull-up
PD = Strap pin pull-down
Otri = Output tristated
NC = No Connect
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Micrel, Inc.
Pin Number
Pin Name
Type(1)
59
VDDIO
P
60
PMRXC
O
5
PHY[5] MII receive clock. PHY mode MII
61
PMRXDV
Ipd/O
5
PHY[5] MII receive data valid
62
PMRXD3
Ipd/O
5
PHY[5] MII receive bit 3. Strap option: PD (default) = enable flow
control; PU = disable flow control.
63
PMRXD2
Ipd/O
5
PHY[5] MII receive bit 2. Strap option: PD (default) = disable back
pressure; PU = enable back pressure.
64
PMRXD1
Ipd/O
5
PHY[5] MII receive bit 1. Strap option: PD (default) = drop excessive
collision packets; PU = does not drop excessive collision packets.
65
PMRXD0
Ipd/O
5
PHY[5] MII receive bit 0. Strap option: PD (default) = disable
aggressive back-off algorithm in half-duplex mode; PU = enable for
performance enhancement.
66
PMRXER
Ipd/O
5
PHY[5] MII receive error. Strap option: PD (default) = 1522/1518 bytes;
PU = packet size up to 1536 bytes.
67
PCRS
Ipd/O
5
PHY[5] MII carrier sense. Strap option for port 4 only. See “Register 76.”
PD (default) = Force half-duplex if auto-negotiation is disabled or fails.
PU = Force full-duplex if auto-negotiation is disabled or fails.
68
PCOL
Ipd/O
5
PHY[5] MII collision detect. Strap option for port 4 only.
See “Register 66.” PD (default) = No force flow control. PU = Force
flow control.
69
SMTXEN
Ipd
Switch MII transmit enable
70
SMTXD3
Ipd
Switch MII transmit bit 3
71
SMTXD2
Ipd
Switch MII transmit bit 2
72
SMTXD1
Ipd
Switch MII transmit bit 1
73
SMTXD0
Ipd
Switch MII transmit bit 0
74
SMTXER
Ipd
Switch MII transmit error
75
SMTXC
I/O
Switch MII transmit clock. Input in MAC mode, output in PHY mode MII.
76
GNDD
Gnd
Digital ground
77
VDDIO
P
78
SMRXC
I/O
79
SMRXDV
Ipd/O
Switch MII receive data valid
80
SMRXD3
Ipd/O
Switch MII receive bit 3. Strap option: PD (default) = Disable Switch MII
full-duplex flow control; PU = Enable Switch MII full-duplex flow control.
81
SMRXD2
Ipd/O
Switch MII receive bit 2. Strap option: PD (default) = Switch MII in fullduplex mode; PU = Switch MII in half-duplex mode.
Port
Pin Function
3.3V digital VDD for digital I/O circuitry
3.3V digital VDD for digital I/O circuitry
Switch MII receive clock. Input in MAC mode, output in PHY mode MII.
Note:
1. P = Power supply
I = Input
O = Output
I/O = Bi-directional
Gnd = Ground
Ipu = Input w/ internal pull-up
Ipd = Input w/ internal pull-down
Ipd/O = Input w/ internal pull-down during reset, output pin otherwise
Ipu/O = Input w/ internal pull-up during reset, output pin otherwise
PU = Strap pin pull-up
PD = Strap pin pull-down
Otri = Output tristated
NC = No Connect
July 2006
11
M9999-070506
KS8995M
Micrel, Inc.
Pin Number
Pin Name
Type(1)
82
SMRXD1
Ipd/O
Switch MII receive bit 1. Strap option: PD (default) = Switch MII in
100Mbps mode; PU = Switch MII in 10Mbps mode.
83
SMRXD0
Ipd/O
Switch MII receive bit 0; Strap option: LED Mode
PD (default) = Mode 0; PU = Mode 1. See “Register 11.”
Port
Pin Function
Mode 0
Mode 1
LEDX_2
Lnk/Act
100Lnk/Act
LEDX_1
Fulld/Col
10Lnk/Act
LEDX_0
Speed
Fulld
84
SCOL
Ipd/O
Switch MII collision detect
85
SCRS
Ipd/O
Switch MII carrier sense
86
SCONF1
Ipd
Dual MII configuration pin
Pin# (91, 86, 87):
Switch MII
PHY [5] MII
000
Disable, Otri
Disable, Otri
001
PHY Mode MII
Disable, Otri
010
MAC Mode MII
Disable, Otri
011
PHY Mode SNI
Disable, Otri
100
Disable
Disable
101
PHY Mode MII
PHY Mode MII
110
MAC Mode MII
PHY Mode MII
111
PHY Mode SNI
PHY Mode MII
87
SCONF0
Ipd
Dual MII configuration pin
88
GNDD
Gnd
Digital ground
89
VDDC
P
90
LED5-2
Ipu/O
5
LED indicator 2. Strap option: Aging setup. See “Aging” section
PU (default) = Aging Enable; PD = Aging disable.
91
LED5-1
Ipu/O
5
LED indicator 1. Strap option: PU (default): enable PHY [5] MII I/F
PD: tristate all PHY [5] MII output. See “pin# 86 SCONF1.”
92
LED5-0
Ipu/O
5
LED indicator 0
93
LED4-2
Ipu/O
4
LED indicator 2
94
LED4-1
Ipu/O
4
LED indicator 1
95
LED4-0
Ipu/O
4
LED indicator 0
96
LED3-2
Ipu/O
3
LED indicator 2
97
LED3-1
Ipu/O
3
LED indicator 1
1.8V digital core VDD
Note:
1. P = Power supply
I = Input
O = Output
I/O = Bi-directional
Gnd = Ground
Ipu = Input w/ internal pull-up
Ipd = Input w/ internal pull-down
Ipd/O = Input w/ internal pull-down during reset, output pin otherwise
Ipu/O = Input w/ internal pull-up during reset, output pin otherwise
PU = Strap pin pull-up
PD = Strap pin pull-down
Otri = Output tristated
NC = No Connect
M9999-070506
12
July 2006
KS8995M
Micrel, Inc.
Pin Number
Pin Name
Type(1)
Port
98
LED3-0
Ipu/O
3
99
GNDD
Gnd
100
VDDIO
P
101
LED2-2
Ipu/O
2
LED indicator 2
102
LED2-1
Ipu/O
2
LED indicator 1
103
LED2-0
Ipu/O
2
LED indicator 0
104
LED1-2
Ipu/O
1
LED indicator 2
105
LED1-1
Ipu/O
1
LED indicator 1
106
LED1-0
Ipu/O
1
LED indicator 0
107
MDC
Ipu
All
Switch or PHY[5] MII management data clock
108
MDIO
I/O
All
Switch or PHY[5] MII management data I/O.
Features internal pull down to define pin state when not driven.
109
SPIQ
Otri
All
(1) SPI serial data output in SPI slave mode; (2) Not used in I2C master
mode. See “pin# 113.”
110
SPIC/SCL
I/O
All
(1) Input clock up to 5MHz in SPI slave mode; (2) Output clock at
81KHz in I2C master mode. See “pin# 113.”
111
SPID/SDA
I/O
All
(1) Serial data input in SPI slave mode; (2) Serial data input/output in
I2C master mode See “pin# 113.”
112
SPIS_N
Ipu
All
Active low. (1) SPI data transfer start in SPI slave mode. When SPIS_N
is high, the KS8995M is deselected and SPIQ is held in high impedance
state, a high-to-low transition to initiate the SPI data transfer; (2) Not
used in I2C master mode.
113
PS1
Ipd
Pin Function
LED indicator 0
Digital ground
3.3V digital VDD for digital I/O
Serial bus configuration pin
If EEPROM is not present, the KS8995M will start itself with chip
default (00)...
Pin Config.
Serial Bus Configuration
PS[1:0]=00
I2C Master Mode for EEPROM
PS[1:0]=01
Reserved
PS[1:0]=10
SPI Slave Mode for CPU Interface
PS[1:0]=11
Factory Test Mode (BIST)
114
PS0
Ipd
Serial bus configuration pin. See “pin# 113.”
115
RST_N
Ipu
Reset the KS8995M. Active low.
116
GNDD
Gnd
Digital ground
117
VDDC
P
118
TESTEN
Ipd
1.8V digital core VDD
NC for normal operation. Factory test pin.
Note:
1. P = Power supply
I = Input
O = Output
I/O = Bi-directional
Gnd = Ground
Ipu = Input w/ internal pull-up
Ipd = Input w/ internal pull-down
Ipd/O = Input w/ internal pull-down during reset, output pin otherwise
Ipu/O = Input w/ internal pull-up during reset, output pin otherwise
PU = Strap pin pull-up
PD = Strap pin pull-down
Otri = Output tristated
NC = No Connect
July 2006
13
M9999-070506
KS8995M
Micrel, Inc.
Pin Number
Pin Name
Type(1)
119
SCANEN
Ipd
NC for normal operation. Factory test pin.
120
NC
NC
No Connect
121
X1
I
25MHz crystal clock connection/or 3.3V tolerant oscillator input.
Oscillator should be ±100ppm.
122
X2
O
25MHz crystal clock connection
123
VDDAP
P
1.8V analog VDD for PLL
124
GNDA
Gnd
125
VDDAR
P
126
GNDA
Gnd
Analog ground
127
GNDA
Gnd
Analog ground
128
TEST2
NC
NC for normal operation. Factory test pin.
Port
Pin Function
Analog ground
1.8V analog VDD
Note:
1. P = Power supply
I = Input
O = Output
I/O = Bi-directional
Gnd = Ground
Ipu = Input w/ internal pull-up
Ipd = Input w/ internal pull-down
Ipd/O = Input w/ internal pull-down during reset, output pin otherwise
Ipu/O = Input w/ internal pull-up during reset, output pin otherwise
PU = Strap pin pull-up
PD = Strap pin pull-down
Otri = Output tristated
NC = No Connect
M9999-070506
14
July 2006
KS8995M
Micrel, Inc.
Pin Description (by Name)
Pin Number
Pin Name
Type(1)
Port
39
FXSD4
I
4
Fiber signal detect/factory test pin. Pull-down for TX mode.
38
FXSD5
I
5
Fiber signal detect/factory test pin. Pull-down for TX mode
124
GNDA
Gnd
Analog ground
42
GNDA
Gnd
Analog ground
44
GNDA
Gnd
Analog ground
2
GNDA
Gnd
Analog ground
16
GNDA
Gnd
Analog ground
30
GNDA
Gnd
Analog ground
6
GNDA
Gnd
Analog ground
12
GNDA
Gnd
Analog ground
21
GNDA
Gnd
Analog ground
27
GNDA
Gnd
Analog ground
34
GNDA
Gnd
Analog ground
40
GNDA
Gnd
Analog ground
120
NC
NC
No connect
127
GNDA
Gnd
Analog ground
126
GNDA
Gnd
Analog ground
49
GNDD
Gnd
Digital ground
88
GNDD
Gnd
Digital ground
116
GNDD
Gnd
Digital ground
58
GNDD
Gnd
Digital ground
76
GNDD
Gnd
Digital ground
99
GNDD
Gnd
Digital ground
17
ISET
106
LED1-0
Ipu/O
1
LED indicator 0
105
LED1-1
Ipu/O
1
LED indicator 1
104
LED1-2
Ipu/O
1
LED indicator 2
103
LED2-0
Ipu/O
2
LED indicator 0
102
LED2-1
Ipu/O
2
LED indicator 1
101
LED2-2
Ipu/O
2
LED indicator 2
98
LED3-0
Ipu/O
3
LED indicator 0
Pin Function
Set physical transmit output current. Pull-down with a 3.01kΩ 1%
resistor.
Note:
1. P = Power supply
I = Input
O = Output
I/O = Bi-directional
Gnd = Ground
Ipu = Input w/ internal pull-up
Ipd = Input w/ internal pull-down
Ipd/O = Input w/ internal pull-down during reset, output pin otherwise
Ipu/O = Input w/ internal pull-up during reset, output pin otherwise
PU = Strap pin pull-up
PD = Strap pin pull-down
Otri = Output tristated
NC = No Connect
July 2006
15
M9999-070506
KS8995M
Micrel, Inc.
Pin Number
Pin Name
Type(1)
Port
97
LED3-1
Ipu/O
3
LED indicator 1
96
LED3-2
Ipu/O
3
LED indicator 2
95
LED4-0
Ipu/O
4
LED indicator 0
94
LED4-1
Ipu/O
4
LED indicator 1
93
LED4-2
Ipu/O
4
LED indicator 2
92
LED5-0
Ipu/O
5
LED indicator 0
91
LED5-1
Ipu/O
5
LED indicator 1. Strap option: PU (default): enable PHY MII I/F.
PD: tristate all PHY MII output. See “pin# 86 SCONF1.”
90
LED5-2
Ipu/O
5
LED indicator 2. Strap option: Aging setup. See “Aging” section.
(default) = Aging Enable; PD = Aging disable
107
MDC
Ipu
All
Switch or PHY[5] MII management data clock.
108
MDIO
I/O
All
Switch or PHY[5] MII management data I/O.
1
TEST1
NC
NC for normal operation. Factory test pin.
MUX1 and MUX2 should be left unconnected for normal operation.
They are factory test pins.
45
MUX1
NC
46
MUX2
NC
Pin Function
Mode
MUX1
MUX2
Normal Operation
NC
NC
Remote Analog Loopback Mode for Testing only
0
1
Reserved
1
0
Power Save Mode for Testing only
1
1
68
PCOL
Ipd/O
5
PHY[5] MII collision detect. Strap option for port 4 only. See “Register 18.”
PD (default) = No force flow control. PU = Force flow control.
67
PCRS
Ipd/O
5
PHY[5] MII carrier sense. Strap option for port 4 only. See “Register 28.”
PD (default) = Force half-duplex if auto-negotiation is disabled or fails.
PU = Force full-duplex if auto-negotiation is disabled or fails.
60
PMRXC
O
5
PHY[5] MII receive clock. PHY mode MII.
65
PMRXD0
Ipd/O
5
PHY[5] MII receive bit 0. Strap option: PD (default) = disable
aggressive back-off algorithm in half-duplex mode; PU = enable for
performance enhancement.
64
PMRXD1
Ipd/O
5
PHY[5] MII receive bit 1. Strap option: PD (default) = drop excessive
collision packets; PU = does not drop excessive collision packets.
63
PMRXD2
Ipd/O
5
PHY[5] MII receive bit 2. Strap option: PD (default) = disable back
pressure; PU = enable back pressure.
62
PMRXD3
Ipd/O
5
PHY[5] MII receive bit 3. Strap option: PD (default) = enable flow
control; PU = disable flow control.
Note:
1. P = Power supply
I = Input
O = Output
I/O = Bi-directional
Gnd = Ground
Ipu = Input w/ internal pull-up
Ipd = Input w/ internal pull-down
Ipd/O = Input w/ internal pull-down during reset, output pin otherwise
Ipu/O = Input w/ internal pull-up during reset, output pin otherwise
PU = Strap pin pull-up
PD = Strap pin pull-down
Otri = Output tristated
NC = No Connect
M9999-070506
16
July 2006
KS8995M
Micrel, Inc.
Pin Number
Pin Name
Type(1)
Port
61
PMRXDV
Ipd/O
5
PHY[5] MII receive data valid.
66
PMRXER
Ipd/O
5
PHY[5] MII receive error. Strap option: PD (default) = 1522/1518 bytes;
PU = packet size up to 1536 bytes.
57
PMTXC
O
5
PHY[5] MII transmit clock. PHY mode MII
55
PMTXD0
Ipd
5
PHY[5] MII transmit bit 0
54
PMTXD1
Ipd
5
PHY[5] MII transmit bit 1
53
PMTXD2
Ipd
5
PHY[5] MII transmit bit 2
52
PMTXD3
Ipd
5
PHY[5] MII transmit bit 3
51
PMTXEN
Ipd
5
PHY[5] MII transmit enable
56
PMTXER
Ipd
5
PHY[5] MII transmit error
114
PS0
Ipd
Serial bus configuration pin. See “pin# 113.”
113
PS1
Ipd
Serial bus configuration pin
If EEPROM is not present, the KS8995M will start itself with chip
default (00)...
Pin Function
Pin Config.
Serial Bus Configuration
PS[1:0]=00
I2C Master Mode for EEPROM
PS[1:0]=01
Reserved
PS[1:0]=10
SPI Slave Mode for CPU Interface
PS[1:0]=11
Factory Test Mode (BIST)
47
PWRDN_N
Ipu
Full-chip power down. Active low.
48
RESERVE
NC
Reserved pin. No connect.
115
RST_N
Ipu
Reset the KS8995M. Active low.
5
RXM1
I
1
Physical receive signal - (differential)
11
RXM2
I
2
Physical receive signal - (differential)
20
RXM3
I
3
Physical receive signal - (differential)
26
RXM4
I
4
Physical receive signal - (differential)
33
RXM5
I
5
Physical receive signal - (differential)
4
RXP1
I
1
Physical receive signal + (differential)
10
RXP2
I
2
Physical receive signal + (differential)
19
RXP3
I
3
Physical receive signal + (differential)
25
RXP4
I
4
Physical receive signal + (differential)
32
RXP5
I
5
Physical receive signal + (differential)
119
SCANEN
Ipd
84
SCOL
Ipd/O
NC for normal operation. Factory test pin.
Switch MII collision detect.
Note:
1. P = Power supply
I = Input
O = Output
I/O = Bi-directional
Gnd = Ground
Ipu = Input w/ internal pull-up
Ipd = Input w/ internal pull-down
Ipd/O = Input w/ internal pull-down during reset, output pin otherwise
Ipu/O = Input w/ internal pull-up during reset, output pin otherwise
PU = Strap pin pull-up
PD = Strap pin pull-down
Otri = Output tristated
NC = No Connect
July 2006
17
M9999-070506
KS8995M
Micrel, Inc.
Pin Number
Pin Name
Type(1)
87
SCONF0
Ipd
Dual MII configuration pin
86
SCONF1
Ipd
Dual MII configuration pin
85
SCRS
Ipd/O
78
SMRXC
I/O
83
SMRXD0
Ipd/O
Port
Pin Function
Pin# (91, 86, 87):
Switch MII
PHY [5] MII
000
Disable, Otri
Disable, Otri
001
PHY Mode MII
Disable, Otri
010
MAC Mode MII
Disable, Otri
011
PHY Mode SNI
Disable, Otri
100
Disable
Disable
101
PHY Mode MII
PHY Mode MII
110
MAC Mode MII
PHY Mode MII
111
PHY Mode SNI
PHY Mode MII
Switch MII carrier sense
Switch MII receive clock. Input in MAC mode, output in PHY mode MII.
Switch MII receive bit 0; Strap option: LED Mode
PD (default) = Mode 0; PU = Mode 1. See “Register 11.”
Mode 0
Mode 1
LEDX_2
Lnk/Act
100Lnk/Act
LEDX_1
Fulld/Col
10Lnk/Act
LEDX_0
Speed
Fulld
82
SMRXD1
Ipd/O
Switch MII receive bit 1. Strap option: PD (default) = Switch MII in
100Mbps mode; PU = Switch MII in 10Mbps mode.
81
SMRXD2
Ipd/O
Switch MII receive bit 2. Strap option: PD (default) = Switch MII in
full-duplex mode; PU = Switch MII in half-duplex mode.
80
SMRXD3
Ipd/O
Switch MII receive bit 3. Strap option: PD (default) = Disable Switch
MII full-duplex flow control; PU = Enable Switch MII full-duplex flow control.
79
SMRXDV
Ipd/O
Switch MII receive data valid
75
SMTXC
I/O
Switch MII transmit clock. Input in MAC mode, output in PHY mode MII.
73
SMTXD0
Ipd
Switch MII transmit bit 0
72
SMTXD1
Ipd
Switch MII transmit bit 1
71
SMTXD2
Ipd
Switch MII transmit bit 2
70
SMTXD3
Ipd
Switch MII transmit bit 3
69
SMTXEN
Ipd
Switch MII transmit enable
74
SMTXER
Ipd
Switch MII transmit error
Note:
1. P = Power supply
I = Input
O = Output
I/O = Bi-directional
Gnd = Ground
Ipu = Input w/ internal pull-up
Ipd = Input w/ internal pull-down
Ipd/O = Input w/ internal pull-down during reset, output pin otherwise
Ipu/O = Input w/ internal pull-up during reset, output pin otherwise
PU = Strap pin pull-up
PD = Strap pin pull-down
Otri = Output tristated
NC = No Connect
M9999-070506
18
July 2006
KS8995M
Micrel, Inc.
Pin Number
Pin Name
Type(1)
Port
110
SPIC/SCL
I/O
All
(1) Input clock up to 5MHz in SPI slave mode; (2) Output clock at 81KHz
in I2C master mode. See “pin# 113.”
111
SPID/SDA
I/O
All
(1) Serial data input in SPI slave mode; (2) Serial data input/output in
I2C master mode. See “pin# 113.”
109
SPIQ
Otri
All
(1) SPI serial data output in SPI slave mode; (2) Not used in I2C master
mode. See “pin# 113.”
112
SPIS_N
Ipu
All
Active low. (1) SPI data transfer start in SPI slave mode. When SPIS_N
is high, the KS8995M is deselected and SPIQ is held in high impedance
state, a high-to-low transition to initiate the SPI data transfer; (2) Not
used in I2C master mode.
128
TEST2
NC
No connect for normal operation. Factory test pin.
118
TESTEN
Ipd
No Connect for normal operation. Factory test pin.
8
TXP1
O
1
Physical transmit signal + (differential)
14
TXP2
O
2
Physical transmit signal + (differential)
23
TXP3
O
3
Physical transmit signal + (differential)
29
TXP4
O
4
Physical transmit signal + (differential)
36
TXP5
O
5
Physical transmit signal + (differential)
7
TXM1
O
1
Physical transmit signal - (differential)
13
TXM2
O
2
Physical transmit signal - (differential)
22
TXM3
O
3
Physical transmit signal - (differential)
28
TXM4
O
4
Physical transmit signal - (differential)
35
TXM5
O
5
Physical transmit signal - (differential)
123
VDDAP
P
1.8V analog VDD for PLL
41
VDDAR
P
1.8V analog VDD
43
VDDAR
P
1.8V analog VDD
3
VDDAR
P
1.8V analog VDD
15
VDDAR
P
1.8V analog VDD
31
VDDAR
P
1.8V analog VDD
125
VDDAR
P
1.8V analog VDD
18
VDDAT
P
2.5V analog VDD
9
VDDAT
P
2.5V analog VDD
24
VDDAT
P
2.5V analog VDD
37
VDDAT
P
2.5V analog VDD
50
VDDC
P
1.8V digital core VDD
Pin Function
Note:
1. P = Power supply
I = Input
O = Output
I/O = Bi-directional
Gnd = Ground
Ipu = Input w/ internal pull-up
Ipd = Input w/ internal pull-down
Ipd/O = Input w/ internal pull-down during reset, output pin otherwise
Ipu/O = Input w/ internal pull-up during reset, output pin otherwise
PU = Strap pin pull-up
PD = Strap pin pull-down
Otri = Output tristated
NC = No Connect
July 2006
19
M9999-070506
KS8995M
Micrel, Inc.
Pin Number
Pin Name
Type(1)
89
VDDC
P
1.8V digital core VDD
117
VDDC
P
1.8V digital core VDD
59
VDDIO
P
3.3V digital VDD for digital I/O circuitry
77
VDDIO
P
3.3V digital VDD for digital I/O circuitry
100
VDDIO
P
3.3V digital VDD for digital I/O circuitry
121
X1
I
25MHz crystal clock connection/or 3.3V tolerant oscillator input.
Oscillator should be ±100ppm.
122
X2
O
25MHz crystal clock connection.
Port
Pin Function
Note:
1. P = Power supply
I = Input
O = Output
I/O = Bi-directional
Gnd = Ground
Ipu = Input w/ internal pull-up
Ipd = Input w/ internal pull-down
Ipd/O = Input w/ internal pull-down during reset, output pin otherwise
Ipu/O = Input w/ internal pull-up during reset, output pin otherwise
PU = Strap pin pull-up
PD = Strap pin pull-down
Otri = Output tristated
NC = No Connect
M9999-070506
20
July 2006
TEST1
GNDA
VDDAR
RXP1
RXM1
GNDA
TXM1
TXP1
VDDAT
RXP2
RXM2
GNDA
TXM2
TXP2
VDDAR
GNDA
ISET
VDDAT
RXP3
RXM3
GNDA
TXM3
TXP3
VDDAT
RXP4
RXM4
GNDA
TXM4
TXP4
GNDA
VDDAR
RXP5
RXM5
GNDA
TXM5
TXP5
VDDAT
FXSD5
LED2-1
LED2-2
VDDIO
GNDD
LED3-0
LED3-1
LED3-2
LED4-0
LED4-1
LED4-2
LED5-0
LED5-1
LED5-2
VDDC
GNDD
SCONF0
SCONF1
SCRS
SCOL
SMRXD0
SMRXD1
SMRXD2
SMRXD3
SMRXDV
SMRXC
VDDIO
GNDD
SMTXC
SMTXER
SMTXD0
SMTXD1
SMTXD2
SMTXD3
SMTEXN
PCOL
PCRS
PMRXER
PMRXD0
KS8995M
July 2006
Micrel, Inc.
Pin Configuration
LED2-0
LED1-2
LED1-1
LED1-0
MDC
MDIO
SPIQ
SPIC/SCL
SPID/SDA
SPIS_N
PS1
PS0
RST_N
GNDD
VDDC
TESTEN
SCANEN
NC
X1
X2
VDDAP
GNDA
VDDAR
GNDA
GNDA
TEST2
103
65
1
39
21
PMRXD1
PMRXD2
PMRXD3
PMRXDV
PMRXC
VDDIO
GNDD
PMTXC
PMTXER
PMTXD0
PMTXD1
PMTXD2
PMTXD3
PMTXEN
VDDC
GNDD
RESERVE
PWRDN_N
MUX2
MUX1
GNDA
VDDAR
GNDA
VDDAR
GNDA
FXSD4
128-Pin PQFP (PQ)
M9999-070506
KS8995M
Micrel, Inc.
Introduction
The KS8995M contains five 10/100 physical layer transceivers and five MAC (Media Access Control) units with an integrated
layer 2 managed switch. The device runs in three modes. The first mode is as a five-port integrated switch. The second is as
a five-port switch with the fifth port decoupled from the physical port. In this mode access to the fifth MAC is provided through
an MII (Media Independent Interface). This is useful for implementing an integrated broadband router. The third mode uses
the dual MII feature to recover the use of the fifth PHY. This allows the additional broadband gateway configuration, where the
fifth PHY may be accessed through the MII-P5 port.
The KS8995M has the flexibility to reside in a managed or unmanaged design. In a managed design, a host processor has
complete control of the KS8995M via the SPI bus, or partial control via the MDC/MDIO interface. An unmanaged design is
achieved through I/O strapping or EEPROM programming at system reset time.
On the media side, the KS8995M supports IEEE 802.3 10BaseT, 100BaseTX on all ports, and 100BaseFX on ports 4 and 5.
The KS8995M can be used as two separate media converters.
Physical signal transmission and reception are enhanced through the use of patented analog circuitry that makes the design
more efficient and allows for lower power consumption and smaller chip die size.
The major enhancements from the KS8995E to the KS8995M are support for host processor management, a dual MII interface,
tag as well as port based VLAN, spanning tree protocol support, IGMP snooping support, port mirroring support and rate limiting
functionality.
Functional Overview: Physical Layer Transceiver
100BaseTX Transmit
The 100BaseTX transmit function performs parallel to serial conversion, 4B/5B coding, scrambling, NRZ-to-NRZI conversion,
MLT3 encoding and transmission. The circuit starts with a parallel-to-serial conversion, which converts the MII data from the
MAC into a 125MHz serial bit stream. The data and control stream is then converted into 4B/5B coding followed by a scrambler.
The serialized data is further converted from NRZ to NRZI format, and then transmitted in MLT3 current output. The output
current is set by an external 1% 3.01kΩ resistor for the 1:1 transformer ratio. It has a typical rise/fall time of 4ns and complies
with the ANSI TP-PMD standard regarding amplitude balance, overshoot and timing jitter. The wave-shaped 10BaseT output
is also incorporated into the 100BaseTX transmitter.
100BaseTX Receive
The 100BaseTX receiver function performs adaptive equalization, DC restoration, MLT3-to-NRZI conversion, data and clock
recovery, NRZI-to-NRZ conversion, de-scrambling, 4B/5B decoding and serial-to-parallel conversion. The receiving side
starts with the equalization filter to compensate for inter-symbol interference (ISI) over the twisted pair cable. Since the
amplitude loss and phase distortion is a function of the length of the cable, the equalizer has to adjust its characteristics to
optimize the performance. In this design, the variable equalizer will make an initial estimation based on comparisons of
incoming signal strength against some known cable characteristics, it then tunes itself for optimization. This is an ongoing
process and can self-adjust against environmental changes such as temperature variations.
The equalized signal then goes through a DC restoration and data conversion block. The DC restoration circuit is used to
compensate for the effect of baseline wander and improve the dynamic range. The differential data conversion circuit converts
the MLT3 format back to NRZI. The slicing threshold is also adaptive.
The clock recovery circuit extracts the 125MHz clock from the edges of the NRZI signal. This recovered clock is then used to
convert the NRZI signal into the NRZ format. The signal is then sent through the de-scrambler followed by the 4B/5B decoder.
Finally, the NRZ serial data is converted to the MII format and provided as the input data to the MAC.
PLL Clock Synthesizer
The KS8995M generates 125MHz, 42MHz, 25MHz and 10MHz clocks for system timing. Internal clocks are generated from
an external 25MHz crystal or oscillator.
Scrambler/De-scrambler (100BaseTX only)
The purpose of the scrambler is to spread the power spectrum of the signal in order to reduce EMI and baseline wander. The
data is scrambled through the use of an 11-bit wide linear feedback shift register (LFSR). This can generate a 2047-bit nonrepetitive sequence. The receiver will then de-scramble the incoming data stream with the same sequence at the transmitter.
100BaseFX Operation
100BaseFX operation is very similar to 100BaseTX operation except that the scrambler/de-scrambler and MLT3 encoder/
decoder are bypassed on transmission and reception. In this mode the auto-negotiation feature is bypassed since there is no
standard that supports fiber auto-negotiation.
100BaseFX Signal Detection
The physical port runs in 100BaseFX mode if FXSDx >0.6V for ports 4 and 5 only. This signal is internally referenced to 1.25V.
The fiber module interface should be set by a voltage divider such that FXSDx ‘H’ is above this 1.25V reference, indicating signal
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detect, and FXSDx ‘L’ is below the 1.25V reference to indicate no signal. When FXSDx is below 0.6V then 100BaseFX mode
is disabled. Since there is no auto-negotiation for 100BaseFX mode, ports 4 and 5 must be forced to either full or half-duplex.
Note that strap in options exist to set duplex mode for port 4, but not for port 5.
100BaseFX Far End Fault
Far end fault occurs when the signal detection is logically false from the receive fiber module. When this occurs, the
transmission side signals the other end of the link by sending 84 1s followed by a zero in the idle period between frames. The
far end fault may be disabled through register settings.
10BaseT Transmit
The output 10BaseT driver is incorporated into the 100BaseT driver to allow transmission with the same magnetics. They are
internally wave-shaped and pre-emphasized into outputs with a typical 2.3V amplitude. The harmonic contents are at least
27dB below the fundamental when driven by an all-ones Manchester-encoded signal.
10BaseT Receive
On the receive side, input buffer and level detecting squelch circuits are employed. A differential input receiver circuit and a
PLL perform the decoding function. The Manchester-encoded data stream is separated into clock signal and NRZ data. A
squelch circuit rejects signals with levels less than 400mV or with short pulse widths in order to prevent noises at the RXP or
RXM input from falsely triggering the decoder. When the input exceeds the squelch limit, the PLL locks onto the incoming signal
and the KS8995M decodes a data frame. The receiver clock is maintained active during idle periods in between data reception.
Power Management
The KS8995M features a per port power down mode. To save power the user can power down ports that are not in use by setting
port control registers or MII control registers. In addition, it also supports full chip power down mode. When activated, the entire
chip will be shut down.
MDI/MDI-X Auto Crossover
The KS8995M supports MDI/MDI-X auto crossover. This facilitates the use of either a straight connection CAT-5 cable or a
crossover CAT-5 cable. The auto-sense function will detect remote transmit and receive pairs, and correctly assign the transmit
and receive pairs from the Micrel device. This can be highly useful when end users are unaware of cable types and can also
save on an additional uplink configuration connection. The auto crossover feature may be disabled through the port control
registers.
Auto-Negotiation
The KS8995M conforms to the auto-negotiation protocol as described by the 802.3 committee. Auto-negotiation allows UTP
(Unshielded Twisted Pair) link partners to select the best common mode of operation. In auto-negotiation the link partners
advertise capabilities across the link to each other. If auto-negotiation is not supported or the link partner to the KS8995M is
forced to bypass auto-negotiation, then the mode is set by observing the signal at the receiver. This is known as parallel mode
because while the transmitter is sending auto-negotiation advertisements, the receiver is listening for advertisements or a fixed
signal protocol.
The flow for the link set up is depicted in Figure 4.
Start Auto Negotiation
Force Link Setting
Parallel
Operation
No
Yes
Bypass
Auto-Negotiation
and Set Link Mode
Attempt
Auto-Negotiation
Listen for 100BaseTX
Idles
Listen for 10BaseT
Link Pulses
No
Join Flow
Link Mode Set ?
Yes
Link Mode Set
Figure 4. Auto-Negotiation
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Functional Overview: Switch Core
Address Look-Up
The internal look-up table stores MAC addresses and their associated information. It contains a 1K unicast address table plus
switching information. The KS8995M is guaranteed to learn 1K addresses and distinguishes itself from hash-based look-up
tables which, depending on the operating environment and probabilities, may not guarantee the absolute number of addresses
it can learn.
Learning
The internal look-up engine will update its table with a new entry if the following conditions are met:
• The received packet’s SA (Source Address) does not exist in the look-up table.
• The received packet is good; the packet has no receiving errors, and is of legal length.
The look-up engine will insert the qualified SA into the table, along with the port number, time stamp. If the table is full, the
last entry of the table will be deleted first to make room for the new entry.
Migration
The internal look-up engine also monitors whether a station is moved. If it happens, it will update the table accordingly.
Migration happens when the following conditions are met:
• The received packet’s SA is in the table but the associated source port information is different.
• The received packet is good; the packet has no receiving errors, and is of legal length.
The look-up engine will update the existing record in the table with the new source port information.
Aging
The look-up engine will update the time stamp information of a record whenever the corresponding SA appears. The time stamp
is used in the aging process. If a record is not updated for a period of time, the look-up engine will remove the record from
the table. The look-up engine constantly performs the aging process and will continuously remove aging records. The aging
period is 300 + 75 seconds. This feature can be enabled or disabled through Register 3 or by external pull-up or pull-down
resistors on LED[5][2]. See “Register 3” section.
Forwarding
The KS8995M will forward packets using an algorithm that is depicted in the following flowcharts. Figure 5 shows stage one
of the forwarding algorithm where the search engine looks up the VLAN ID, static table, and dynamic table for the destination
address, and comes up with “port to forward 1” (PTF1). PTF1 is then further modified by the spanning tree, IGMP snooping,
port mirroring, and port VLAN processes to come up with “port to forward 2” (PTF2) as shown in Figure 6. This is where the
packet will be sent.
The KS8995M will not forward the following packets:
• Error packets. These include framing errors, FCS errors, alignment errors, and illegal size packet errors.
• 802.3x pause frames. The KS8995M will intercept these packets and perform the appropriate actions.
• “Local” packets. Based on DA (Destination Address) look-up. If the destination port from the look-up table matches
the port where the packet was from, the packet is defined as “local.”
Switching Engine
The KS8995M features a high-performance switching engine to move data to and from the MAC’s packet buffers. It operates
in store and forward mode, while the efficient switching mechanism reduces overall latency.
The KS8995M has a 64kB internal frame buffer. This resource is shared between all five ports. The buffer sharing mode can
be programmed through Register 2. See “Register 2.” In one mode, ports are allowed to use any free buffers in the buffer pool.
In the second mode, each port is only allowed to use 1/5 of the total buffer pool. There are a total of 512 buffers available. Each
buffer is sized at 128B.
MAC (Media Access Controller) Operation
The KS8995M strictly abides by IEEE 802.3 standards to maximize compatibility.
Inter-Packet Gap (IPG)
If a frame is successfully transmitted, the 96-bit time IPG is measured between the two consecutive MTXEN. If the current
packet is experiencing collision, the 96-bit time IPG is measured from MCRS and the next MTXEN.
Backoff Algorithm
The KS8995M implements the IEEE Std 802.3 binary exponential back-off algorithm, and optional “aggressive mode” back
off. After 16 collisions, the packet will be optionally dropped depending on the chip configuration in register 3. See “Register
3.”
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Start
PTF1=NULL
NO
VLAN ID
VALID?
-Search VLAN table
-Ingress VLAN filtering
-Discard NPVID check
YES
Search complete.
Get PTF1 from
static table
FOUND
Search Static
Table
This search is based on
DA or DA+FID
NOT
FOUND
Search complete.
Get PTF1 from
dynamic table
FOUND
Dynamic
Table
Search
This search is based on
DA+FID
NOT
FOUND
Search complete.
Get PTF1 from
VLAN table
PTF1
Figure 5. DA Look-Up Flowchart–Stage 1
PTF1
Spanning Tree
Process
-Check receiving port's receive enable bit
-Check destination port's transmit enable bit
-Check whether packets are special (BPDU
or specified)
IGMP Process
-Applied to MAC #1 to #4
-MAC#5 is reserved for microprocessor
-IGMP will be forwarded to port 5
Port Mirror
Process
-RX Mirror
-TX Mirror
-RX or TX Mirror
-RX and TX Mirror
Port VLAN
Membership
Check
PTF2
Figure 6. DA Resolution Flowchart–Stage 2
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Late Collision
If a transmit packet experiences collisions after 512-bit times of the transmission, the packet will be dropped.
Illegal Frames
The KS8995M discards frames less than 64 bytes and can be programmed to accept frames up to 1536 bytes in register 4.
For special applications, the KS8995M can also be programmed to accept frames up to 1916 bytes in register 4. Since the
KS8995M supports VLAN tags, the maximum sizing is adjusted when these tags are present.
Flow Control
The KS8995M supports standard 802.3x flow control frames on both transmit and receive sides.
On the receive side, if the KS8995M receives a pause control frame, the KS8995M will not transmit the next normal frame until
the timer, specified in the pause control frame, expires. If another pause frame is received before the current timer expires,
the timer will be updated with the new value in the second pause frame. During this period (being flow controlled), only flow
control packets from the KS8995M will be transmitted.
On the transmit side, the KS8995M has intelligent and efficient ways to determine when to invoke flow control. The flow control
is based on availability of the system resources, including available buffers, available transmit queues and available receive
queues.
The KS8995M will flow control a port, which just received a packet, if the destination port resource is being used up. The
KS8995M will issue a flow control frame (XOFF), containing the maximum pause time defined in IEEE standard 802.3x. Once
the resource is freed up, the KS8995M will send out the other flow control frame (XON) with zero pause time to turn off the
flow control (turn on transmission to the port). A hysteresis feature is provided to prevent the flow control mechanism from being
activated and deactivated too many times.
The KS8995M will flow control all ports if the receive queue becomes full.
Half-Duplex Back Pressure
A half-duplex back pressure option (note: not in 802.3 standards) is also provided. The activation and deactivation conditions
are the same as the above in full-duplex mode. If back pressure is required, the KS8995M will send preambles to defer the
other stations’ transmission (carrier sense deference). To avoid jabber and excessive deference defined in 802.3 standard,
after a certain time it will discontinue the carrier sense but it will raise the carrier sense quickly. This short silent time (no carrier
sense) is to prevent other stations from sending out packets and keeps other stations in carrier sense deferred state. If the port
has packets to send during a back pressure situation, the carrier-sense-type back pressure will be interrupted and those
packets will be transmitted instead. If there are no more packets to send, carrier-sense-type back pressure will be active again
until switch resources are free. If a collision occurs, the binary exponential backoff algorithm is skipped and carrier sense is
generated immediately, reducing the chance of further colliding and maintaining carrier sense to prevent reception of packets.
To ensure no packet loss in 10BaseT or 100BaseTX half-duplex modes, the user must enable the following:
• Aggressive backoff (register 3, bit 0)
• No excessive collision drop (register 4, bit 3)
• Back pressure (register 4, bit 5)
These bits are not set as the default because this is not the IEEE standard.
Broadcast Storm Protection
The KS8995M has an intelligent option to protect the switch system from receiving too many broadcast packets. Broadcast
packets will be forwarded to all ports except the source port, and thus use too many switch resources (bandwidth and available
space in transmit queues). The KS8995M has the option to include “multicast packets” for storm control. The broadcast storm
rate parameters are programmed globally, and can be enabled or disabled on a per port basis. The rate is based on a 50ms
interval for 100BT and a 500ms interval for 10BT. At the beginning of each interval, the counter is cleared to zero, and the rate
limit mechanism starts to count the number of bytes during the interval. The rate definition is described in Register 6 and
Register 7. The default setting for registers 6 and 7 is 0x4A, which is 74 decimal. This is equal to a rate of 1%, calculated as
follows:
148,800 frames/sec × 50ms/interval × 1% = 74 frames/interval (approx.) = 0x4A
MII Interface Operation
The MII (Media Independent Interface) is specified by the IEEE 802.3 committee and provides a common interface between
physical layer and MAC layer devices. The KS8995M provides two such interfaces. The MII-P5 interface is used to connect
to the fifth PHY, whereas the MII-SW interface is used to connect to the fifth MAC. Each of these MII interfaces contains two
distinct groups of signals, one for transmission and the other for receiving. Table 5 describes the signals used in the MII-P5
interface.
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MII signal
Description
KS8995M signal
MTXEN
Transmit enable
PMTXEN
MTXER
Transmit error
PMTXER
MTXD3
Transmit data bit 3
PMTXD[3]
MTXD2
Transmit data bit 2
PMTXD[2]
MTXD1
Transmit data bit 1
PMTXD[1]
MTXD0
Transmit data bit 0
PMTXD[0]
MTXC
Transmit clock
PMTXC
MCOL
Collision detection
PCOL
MCRS
Carrier sense
PCRS
MRXDV
Receive data valid
PMRXDV
MRXER
Receive error
PMRXER
MRXD3
Receive data bit 3
PMRXD[3]
MRXD2
Receive data bit 2
PMRXD[2]
MRXD1
Receive data bit 1
PMRXD[1]
MRXD0
Receive data bit 0
PMRXD[0]
MRXC
Receive clock
PMRXC
MDC
Management data clock
MDC
MDIO
Management data I/O
MDIO
Table 1. MII–P5 Signals (PHY Mode)
PHY Mode Connection
MAC Mode Connection
External
MAC
KS8995M
Signal
Description
External
PHY
KS8995M
Signal
MTXEN
SMTXEN
Transmit enable
MTXEN
SMRXDV
MTXER
SMTXER
Transmit error
MTXER
Not used
MTXD3
SMTXD[3]
Transmit data bit 3
MTXD3
SMRXD[3]
MTXD2
SMTXD[2]
Transmit data bit 2
MTXD2
SMRXD[2]
MTXD1
SMTXD[1]
Transmit data bit 1
MTXD1
SMRXD[1]
MTXD0
SMTXD[0]
Transmit data bit 0
MTXD0
SMRXD[0]
MTXC
SMTXC
Transmit clock
MTXC
SMRXC
MCOL
SCOL
Collision detection
MCOL
SCOL
MCRS
SCRS
Carrier sense
MCRS
SCRS
MRXDV
SMRXDV
Receive data valid
MRXDV
SMTXEN
MRXER
Not used
Receive error
MRXER
SMTXER
MRXD3
SMRXD[3]
Receive data bit 3
MRXD3
SMTXD[3]
MRXD2
SMRXD[2]
Receive data bit 2
MRXD2
SMTXD[2]
MRXD1
SMRXD[1]
Receive data bit 1
MRXD1
SMTXD[1]
MRXD0
SMRXD[0]
Receive data bit 0
MRXD0
SMTXD[0]
MRXC
SMRXC
Receive clock
MRXC
SMTXC
Table 2. MII–SW Signals
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The MII-P5 interface operates in PHY mode only, while the MII-SW interface operates in either MAC mode or PHY mode. These
interfaces are nibble wide data interfaces and therefore run at 1/4 the network bit rate (not encoded). Additional signals on the
transmit side indicate when data is valid or when an error occurs during transmission. Likewise, the receive side has indicators
that convey when the data is valid and without physical layer errors. For half-duplex operation there is a signal that indicates
a collision has occurred during transmission.
Note that the signal MRXER is not provided on the MII-SW interface for PHY mode operation and the signal MTXER is not
provided on the MII-SW interface for MAC mode operation. Normally MRXER would indicate a receive error coming from the
physical layer device. MTXER would indicate a transmit error from the MAC device. These signals are not appropriate for this
configuration. For PHY mode operation, if the device interfacing with the KS8995M has an MRXER pin, it should be tied low.
For MAC mode operation, if the device interfacing with the KS8995M has an MTXER pin, it should be tied low.
SNI Interface Operation
The SNI (Serial Network Interface) is compatible with some controllers used for network layer protocol processing. This
interface can be directly connected to these types of devices. The signals are divided into two groups, one for transmission
and the other for reception. The signals involved are described in Table 3.
SNI Signal
Description
KS8995M Signal
TXEN
Transmit enable
SMTXEN
TXD
Serial transmit data
SMTXD[0]
TXC
Transmit clock
SMTXC
COL
Collision detection
SCOL
CRS
Carrier sense
SMRXDV
RXD
Serial receive data
SMRXD[0]
RXC
Receive clock
SMRXC
Table 3. SNI Signals
This interface is a bit wide data interface and therefore runs at the network bit rate (not encoded). An additional signal on the
transmit side indicates when data is valid. Likewise, the receive side has an indicator that conveys when the data is valid.
For half-duplex operation there is a signal that indicates a collision has occurred during transmission.
Advanced Functionality
Spanning Tree Support
To support spanning tree, port 5 is the designated port for the processor.
The other ports (port 1 - port 4) can be configured in one of the five spanning tree states via “transmit enable,” “receive enable”
and “learning disable” register settings in Registers 18, 34, 50, and 66 for ports 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively. The following
description shows the port setting and software actions taken for each of the five spanning tree states.
Disable state: the port should not forward or receive any packets. Learning is disabled.
Port setting: “transmit enable = 0, receive enable = 0, learning disable = 1”
Software action: the processor should not send any packets to the port. The switch may still send specific packets to the
processor (packets that match some entries in the static table with “overriding bit” set) and the processor should discard those
packets. Note: processor is connected to port 5 via MII interface. Address learning is disabled on the port in this state.
Blocking state: only packets to the processor are forwarded. Learning is disabled.
Port setting: “transmit enable = 0, receive enable = 0, learning disable = 1”
Software action: the processor should not send any packets to the port(s) in this state. The processor should program the static
table with the entries that it needs to receive (e.g. BPDU packets). The “overriding” bit should also be set so that the switch
will forward those specific packets to the processor. Address learning is disabled on the port in this state.
Listening state: only packets to and from the processor are forwarded. Learning is disabled.
Port setting: “transmit enable = 0, receive enable = 0, learning disable = 1”
Software action: The processor should program the static MAC table with the entries that it needs to receive (e.g. BPDU
packets). The “overriding” bit should be set so that the switch will forward those specific packets to the processor. The processor
may send packets to the port(s) in this state, see “Special Tagging Mode” section for details. Address learning is disabled on
the port in this state.
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Learning state: only packets to and from the processor are forwarded. Learning is enabled.
Port setting: “transmit enable = 0, receive enable = 0, learning disable = 0”
Software action: The processor should program the static MAC table with the entries that it needs to receive (e.g. BPDU
packets). The “overriding” bit should be set so that the switch will forward those specific packets to the processor. The processor
may send packets to the port(s) in this state, see “Special Tagging Mode” section for details. Address learning is enabled on
the port in this state.
Forwarding state: packets are forwarded and received normally. Learning is enabled.
Port setting: “transmit enable = 1, receive enable = 1, learning disable = 0”
Software action: The processor should program the static MAC table with the entries that it needs to receive (e.g. BPDU
packets). The “overriding” bit should be set so that the switch will forward those specific packets to the processor. The processor
may send packets to the port(s) in this state, see “Special Tagging Mode” section for details. Address learning is enabled on
the port in this state.
Special Tagging Mode
The special tagging mode is designed for spanning tree protocol IGMP snooping and is flexible for use in other applications.
The special tagging mode, similar to 802.1q, requires software to change network drivers to insert/modify/strip/interpret the
special tag. This mode is enabled by setting both register 11 bit 0 and register 80-bit 2.
802.1q Tag Format
Special Tag Format
TPID (tag protocol identifier, 0x8100) + TCI
STPID (special tag identifier, 0x8100) + TCI 0x810 + 4 bit for “port mask”) + TCI
Table 4. Special Tagging Mode Format
The STPID will only be seen and used on the port 5 interface, which should be connected to a processor. Packets from the
processor to the switch should be tagged with STPID and the port mask defined as below:
“0001” packet to port 1 only
“0010” packet to port 2 only
“0100” packet to port 3 only
“1000” packet to port 4 only
“0011” packet broadcast to port 1 and port 2.
.....
“1111” packet broadcast to port 1, 2, 3 and 4.
“0000” normal tag, will use KS8995M internal look-up result. Normal packets should use this setting. If packets from the
processors do not have a tag, the KS8995M will treat them as normal packets and an internal look-up will be performed.
The KS8995M uses a non-zero “port mask” to bypass the look-up result and override any port setting, regardless of port states
(blocking, disable, listening, learning). The Table 5 shows the egress rules when dealing with STPID.
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Ingress Tag Field
Tx Port
“Tag Insertion”
Tx Port
“Tag Removal”
(0x810+ port mask)
0
0
•
•
•
•
(0x810+ port mask)
0
1
• (STPID + TCI) will be removed
• Padding to 64 bytes if necessary
• Recalculate CRC
(0x810+ port mask)
1
0
•
•
•
•
Modify tag field to 0x8100
Recalculate CRC
No change to TCI if not null VID
Replace VID with ingress (port 5) port VID if null VID
(0x810+ port mask)
1
1
•
•
•
•
Modify tag field to 0x8100
Recalculate CRC
No change to TCI if not null VID
Replace VID with ingress (port 5) port VID if null VID
Don’t care
Don’t care
Not Tagged
Egress Action to Tag Field
Modify tag field to 0x8100
Recalculate CRC
No change to TCI if not null VID
Replace VID with ingress (port 5) port VID if null VID
Determined by the dynamic MAC address table
Table 5. STPID Egress Rules (Processor to Switch Port 5)
For packets from regular ports (port 1 - port 4) to port 5, the port mask is used to tell the processor which port the packet was
received on, defined as:
“0001” from port 1,
“0010” from port 2,
“0100” from port 3,
“1000” from port 4
No values other than the previous four defined should be received in this direction in the special mode. Table 6 shows the
egress rule for this direction.
Ingress Packets
Egress Action to Tag Field
Tagged with 0x8100 + TCI
•
•
•
•
Not tagged
• Insert TPID to 0x810 + “port mask,” which indicates source port
• Insert TCI with ingress port VID
• Recalculate CRC
Modify TPID to 0x810 + “port mask,” which indicates source port
No change to TCI, if VID is not null
Replace null VID with ingress port VID
Recalculate CRC
Table 6. STPID Egress Rules (Switch to Processor)
IGMP Support
There are two parts involved to support IGMP in layer 2. The first part is “IGMP” snooping. The switch will trap IGMP packets
and forward them only to the processor port. The IGMP packets are identified as IP packets (either Ethernet IP packets or IEEE
802.3 SNAP IP packets) AND IP version = 0x4 AND protocol number = 0x2. The second part is “multicast address insertion”
in the static MAC table. Once the multicast address is programmed in the static MAC table, the multicast session will be trimmed
to the subscribed ports, instead of broadcasting to all ports. To enable this feature, set register 5 bit 6 to 1. Also “special tag
mode” needs to be enabled, so that the processor knows which port the IGMP packet was received on. Enable “special tag
mode” by setting both register 11 bit 0 and register 80-bit 2.
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Port Mirroring Support
KS8995M supports “port mirror” comprehensively as:
1. “Receive Only” mirror on a port. All the packets received on the port will be mirrored on the sniffer port. For example,
port 1 is programmed to be “rx sniff,” and port 5 is programmed to be the “sniffer port.” A packet, received on port
1, is destined to port 4 after the internal look-up. The KS8995M will forward the packet to both port 4 and port 5.
KS8995M can optionally forward even “bad” received packets to port 5.
2. “Transmit Only” mirror on a port. All the packets transmitted on the port will be mirrored on the sniffer port. For
example, port 1 is programmed to be “tx sniff,” and port 5 is programmed to be the “sniffer port.” A packet, received
on any of the ports, is destined to port 1 after the internal look-up. The KS8995M will forward the packet to both port
1 and port 5.
3. “Receive and Transmit” mirror on two ports. All the packets received on port A AND transmitted on port B will be
mirrored on the sniffer port. To turn on the “AND” feature, set register 5 bit 0 to 1. For example, port 1 is programmed
to be “rx sniff,” port 2 is programmed to be “transmit sniff” and port 5 is programmed to be the “sniffer port.” A packet,
received on port 1, is destined to port 4 after the internal look-up. The KS8995M will forward the packet to port 4 only,
since it does not meet the “AND” condition. A packet, received on port 1, is destined to port 2 after the internal lookup. The KS8995M will forward the packet to both port 2 and port 5.
Multiple ports can be selected to be “rx sniffed” or “tx sniffed.” And any port can be selected to be the “sniffer port.” All these
per port features can be selected through Register 17.
VLAN Support
KS8995M supports 16 active VLANs out of 4096 possible VLANs specified in IEEE 802.1q. KS8995M provides a 16-entry
VLAN table, which converts VID (12 bits) to FID (4bits) for address look-up. If a non-tagged or null-VID-tagged packet is
received, the ingress port VID is used for look-up. In the VLAN mode, the look-up process starts with VLAN table look-up to
determine whether the VID is valid. If the VID is not valid, the packet will be dropped and its address will not be learned. If
the VID is valid, FID is retrieved for further look-up. FID+DA is used to determine the destination port. FID+SA is used for
learning purposes.
DA found in
Static MAC table
USE FID Flag?
FID Match?
DA+FID found in
Dynamic MAC table
No
Don’t care
Don’t care
No
Broadcast to the membership ports defined in the
VLAN table bit [20:16]
No
Don’t care
Don’t care
Yes
Send to the destination port defined in the
dynamic MAC table bit [54:52]
Yes
0
Don’t care
Don’t care
Send to the destination port(s) defined in the
static MAC table bit [52:48]
Yes
1
No
No
Broadcast to the membership ports defined in
the VLAN table bit [20:16]
Yes
1
No
Yes
Send to the destination port defined in the
dynamic MAC table bit [54:52]
Yes
1
Yes
Don’t care
Action
Send to the destination port(s) defined in the
static MAC table bit [52:48]
Table 7. FID+DA Look-Up in the VLAN Mode
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SA+FID found in
Dynamic MAC table
Action
No
The SA+FID will be learned into the dynamic table.
Yes
Time stamp will be updated
Table 8. FID+SA Look-Up in the VLAN Mode
Advanced VLAN features are also supported in KS8995M, such as “VLAN ingress filtering” and “discard non PVID” defined
in register 18 bit 6 and bit 5. These features can be controlled on a port basis.
Rate Limit Support
KS8995M supports hardware rate limiting on “receive” and “transmit” independently on a per port basis. It also supports rate
limiting in a priority or non-priority environment. The rate limit starts from 0Kbps and goes up to the line rate in steps of 32Kbps.
The KS8995M uses one second as an interval. At the beginning of each interval, the counter is cleared to zero, and the rate
limit mechanism starts to count the number of bytes during this interval.
For receive, if the number of bytes exceeds the programmed limit, the switch will stop receiving packets on the port until the
“one second” interval expires. There is an option provided for flow control to prevent packet loss. If the rate limit is programmed
greater than or equal to 128Kbps and the byte counter is 8K bytes below the limit, the flow control will be triggered. If the rate
limit is programmed lower than 128Kbps and the byte counter is 2K bytes below the limit, the flow control will be triggered.
For transmit, if the number of bytes exceeds the programmed limit, the switch will stop transmitting packets on the port until
the “one second” interval expires.
If priority is enabled, the KS8995M can support different rate controls for both high priority and low priority packets. This can
be programmed through registers 21 – 27.
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Configuration Interface
The KS8995M can function as a managed switch or unmanaged switch. If no EEPROM or micro-controller exists, the
KS8995M will operate from its default setting. Some default settings are configured via strap in options as indicated in the table
below.
Pin #
Pin Name
PU/PD
1
TEST1
NC
NC for normal operation. Factory test pin.
MUX1 and MUX2 should be left unconnected for normal operation.
They are factory test pins
45
MUX1
NC
46
MUX2
NC
Description
Mode
Mux1
Mux2
Normal Operation
NC
NC
Remote Analog Loopback Mode for Testing only
0
1
Reserved
1
0
Power Save Mode for Testing only
1
1
62
PMRXD3
Ipd/O
PHY[5] MII receive bit 3. Strap option: PD (default) = enable flow control;
PU = disable flow control.
63
PMRXD2
Ipd/O
PHY[5] MII receive bit 2. Strap option: PD (default) = disable back pressure;
PU = enable back pressure.
64
PMRXD1
Ipd/O
PHY[5] MII receive bit 1. Strap option: PD (default) = drop excessive collision
packets; PU = does not drop excessive collision packets.
65
PMRXD0
Ipd/O
PHY[5] MII receive bit 0. Strap option: PD (default) = disable aggressive back-off
algorithm in half-duplex mode; PU = enable for performance enhancement.
66
PMRXER
Ipd/O
PHY[5] MII receive error. Strap option: PD (default) = 1522/1518 bytes;
PU = packet size up to 1536 bytes.
67
PCRS
Ipd/O
PHY[5] MII carrier sense/Force duplex mode. See “Register 76” for port 4 only.
PD (default) = Force half-duplex if auto-negotiation is disabled or fails. PU = Force
full-duplex if auto-negotiation is disabled or fails.
68
PCOL
Ipd/O
PHY[5] MII collision detect/ Force flow control. See “Register 66” for port 4 only.
PD (default) = No force flow control. PU = Force flow control.
80
SMRXD3
Ipd/O
Switch MII receive bit 3. Strap option: PD (default) = Disable Switch MII full-duplex
flow control; PU = Enable Switch MII full-duplex flow control.
81
SMRXD2
Ipd/O
Switch MII receive bit 2. Strap option: PD (default) = Switch MII in full-duplex mode;
PU = Switch MII in half-duplex mode.
82
SMRXD1
Ipd/O
Switch MII receive bit 1. Strap option: PD (default) = Switch MII in 100Mbps mode;
PU = Switch MII in 10Mbps mode.
83
SMRXD0
Ipd/O
Switch MII receive bit 0; Strap option: LED Mode PD (default) = Mode 0;
PU = Mode 1. See “Register 11.”
July 2006
Mode 0
Mode 1
LEDX_2
Lnk/Act
100Lnk/Act
LEDX_1
Fulld/Col
10Lnk/Act
LEDX_0
Speed
Fulld
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Pin #
Pin Name
PU/PD
86
SCONF1
Ipd
Description
Dual MII configuration pin.
Pin# (91, 86, 87):
Switch MII
PHY [5] MII
000
Disable, Otri
Disable, Otri
001
PHY Mode MII
Disable, Otri
010
MAC Mode MII
Disable, Otri
011
PHY Mode SNI
Disable, Otri
100
Disable
Disable
101
PHY Mode MII
PHY Mode MII
110
MAC Mode MII
PHY Mode MII
111
PHY Mode SNI
PHY Mode MII
87
SCONF0
Ipd
Dual MII configuration pin.
90
LED5-2
Ipu/O
LED indicator 2. Strap option: Aging setup. See “Aging” section.
PU (default) = Aging Enable; PD = Aging disable.
91
LED5-1
Ipu/O
LED indicator 1. Strap option: PU (default): enable PHY MII I/F. PD: tristate all PHY
MII output. See “pin# 86 SCONF1.”
113
PS1
Ipd
Serial bus configuration pin
If EEPROM is not present, the KS8995M will start itself with chip
default (00)...
Pin Configuration
Serial Bus Configuration
PS[1:0]=00
I2C Master Mode for EEPROM
PS[1:0]=01
Reserved
PS[1:0]=10
SPI Slave Mode for CPU Interface
PS[1:0]=11
Factory Test Mode (BIST)
114
PS0
Ipd
Serial bus configuration pin. See “pin# 113.”
128
TEST2
NC
NC for normal operation. Factory test pin.
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I2C Master Serial Bus Configuration
If a 2-wire EEPROM exists, the KS8995M can perform more advanced features like “broadcast storm protection,” “rate control,”
etc. The EEPROM should have the entire valid configuration data from register 0 to register 109 defined in the “Memory Map,”
except the status registers. After reset, the KS8995M will start to read all 110 registers sequentially from the EEPROM. The
configuration access time (tprgm) is less than 15ms as shown in Figure 7.
RST_N
....
SCL
....
SDA
....
t prgm <15 ms
Figure 7. KS8995M EEPROM
Configuration Timing Diagram
To configure the KS8995M with a pre-configured EEPROM use the following steps:
1. At the board level, connect pin 110 on the KS8995M to the SCL pin on the EEPROM. Connect pin 111 on the
KS8995M to the SDA pin on the EEPROM.
2. Set the input signals PS[1:0] (pins 113 and 114, respectively) to “00”. This puts the KS8995M serial bus configuration
into I2C master mode.
3. Be sure the board level reset signal is connected to the KS8995M reset signal on pin 115 (RST_N).
4. Program the contents of the EEPROM before placing it on the board with the desired configuration data. Note that
the first byte in the EEPROM must be “95” for the loading to occur properly. If this value is not correct, all other data
will be ignored.
5. Place EEPROM on the board and power up the board. Assert the active-low board level reset to RST_N on the
KS8995M. After the reset is deasserted, the KS8995M will begin reading configuration data from the EEPROM. The
configuration access time (tprgm) is less than 15ms.
Note: For proper operation, make sure pin 47 (PWRDN_N) is not asserted during the reset operation.
SPI Slave Serial Bus Configuration
The KS8995M can also act as an SPI slave device. Through the SPI, the entire feature set can be enabled, including “VLAN,”
“IGMP snooping,” “MIB counters,” etc. The external master device can access any register from register 0 to register 127
randomly. The system should configure all the desired settings before enabling the switch in the KS8995M. To enable the
switch, write a one to register 1 bit 0.
Two standard SPI commands are supported (00000011 for “READ DATA,” and 00000010 for “WRITE DATA”). To speed
configuration time, the KS8995M also supports multiple reads or writes. After a byte is written to or read from the KS8995M,
the internal address counter automatically increments if the SPI Slave Select signal (SPIS_N) continues to be driven low. If
SPIS_N is kept low after the first byte is read, the next byte at the next address will be shifted out on SPIQ. If SPIS_N is kept
low after the first byte is written, bits on the Master Out Slave Input (SPID) line will be written to the next address. Asserting
SPIS_N high terminates a read or write operation. This means that the SPIS_N signal must be asserted high and then low again
before issuing another command and address. The address counter wraps back to zero once it reaches the highest address.
Therefore the entire register set can be written to or read from by issuing a single command and address.
The KS8995M is able to support a 5MHz SPI bus. A high performance SPI master is recommended to prevent internal counter
overflow.
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To use the KS8995M SPI:
1. At the board level, connect KS8995M pins as follows:
KS8995M
Pin Number
KS8995M
Signal Name
Microprocessor Signal
Description
112
SPIS_N
SPI Slave Select
110
SPIC
SPI Clock
111
SPID
Master Out Slave Input
109
SPIQ
Master In Slave Output
Table 9. SPI Connections
2. Set the input signals PS[1:0] (pins 113 and 114 respectively) to “10” to set the serial configuration to SPI slave mode.
3. Power up the board and assert a reset signal. After reset, the start switch bit in register 1 will be set to ‘0’. Configure
the desired settings in the KS8995M before setting the start register to ‘1’.
4. Write configuration to registers using a typical SPI write data cycle as shown in Figure 8 or SPI multiple write as shown
in Figure 10. Note that data input on SPID is registered on the rising edge of SPIC.
5. Registers can be read and configuration can be verified with a typical SPI read data cycle as shown in Figure 9 or
a multiple read as shown in Figure 11. Note that read data is registered out of SPIQ on the falling edge of SPIC.
6. After configuration is written and verified, write a ‘1’ to register 1 bit 0 to begin KS8995M operation.
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SPIS_N
SPIC
SPID
X
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
A7
A6
A5
A4
A3
A2
A1
A0
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
SPIQ
WRITE COMMAND
WRITE ADDRESS
WRITE DATA
Figure 8. SPI Write Data Cycle
SPIS_N
SPIC
SPID
X
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
A7
A6
A5
A4
A3
A2
A1
SPIQ
A0
D7
READ COMMAND
READ ADDRESS
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
READ DATA
Figure 9. SPI Read Data Cycle
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SPIS_N
SPIC
SPID
X
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
A7
A6
A5
A4
A3
A2
A1
A0
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
D2
D1
D0
SPIQ
WRITE COMMAND
WRITE ADDRESS
Byte 1
SPIS_N
SPIC
SPID
D7
D6
D5
D4
D4
D2
D1
D0
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D7
D0
D6
D5
D4
D3
SPIQ
Byte 2
Byte 3 ...
Byte N
Figure 10. SPI Multiple Write
SPIS_N
SPIC
SPID
X
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
A7
A6
A5
A4
A3
A2
A1
SPIQ
READ COMMAND
A0
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
READ ADDRESS
Byte 1
SPIS_N
SPIC
SPID
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
SPIQ
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
Byte 2
Byte 3
Byte N
Figure 11. SPI Multiple Read
MII Management Interface (MIIM)
A standard MIIM interface is provided for all five PHY devices in the KS8995M. An external device with MDC/MDIO capability
is able to read PHY status or to configure PHY settings. For details on the MIIM interface standard please reference the IEEE
802.3 specification (section 22.2.4.5). The MIIM interface does not have access to all the configuration registers in the
KS8995M. It can only access the standard MII registers. See “MIIM Registers.” The SPI interface, on the other hand, can be
used to access the entire KS8995M feature set.
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Register Description
Offset
Decimal
Hex
Description
0-1
0x00-0x01
Chip ID Registers
2-11
0x02-0x0B
Global Control Registers
12-15
0x0C-0x0F
Reserved
16-29
0x10-0x1D
Port 1 Control Registers
30-31
0x1E-0x2F
Port 1 Status Registers
32-45
0x20-0x2D
Port 2 Control Registers
46-47
0x2E-0x2F
Port 2 Status Registers
48-61
0x30-0x3D
Port 3 Control Registers
62-63
0x3E-0x3F
Port 3 Status Registers
64-77
0x40-0x4D
Port 4 Control Registers
78-79
0x4E-0x4F
Port 4 Status Registers
80-93
0x50-0x5D
Port 5 Control Registers
94-95
0x5E-0x5F
Port 5 Status Registers
96-103
0x60-0x67
TOS Priority Control Registers
104-109
0x68-0x6D
MAC Address Registers
110-111
0x6E-0x6F
Indirect Access Control Registers
112-120
0x70-0x78
Indirect Data Registers
121-122
0x79-0x7A
Digital Testing Status Registers
123-124
0x7B-0x7C
Digital Testing Control Registers
125-126
0x7D-0x7E
Analog Testing Control Registers
127
0x7F
Analog Testing Status Register
Global Registers
Address
Name
Description
Mode
Default
Chip family
RO
0x95
Register 0 (0x00): Chip ID0
7-0
Family ID
Register 1 (0x01): Chip ID1 / Start Switch
7-4
Chip ID
0x0 is assigned to M series. (95M)
RO
0x0
3-1
Revision ID
Revision ID
RO
0x2
0
Start Switch
1, start the chip when external pins (PS1, PS0) = (1,0)
or (0,1). Note: in (PS1,PS0) = (0,0) mode, the chip will
start automatically, after trying to read the external
EEPROM. If EEPROM does not exist, the chip will use
default values for all internal registers. If EEPROM is
present, the contents in the EEPROM will be checked.
The switch will check: (1) Register 0 = 0x95,
(2) Register 1 [7:4] = 0x0. If this check is OK, the
contents in the EEPROM will override chip register
default values.=0, chip will not start when external pins
(PS1, PS0) = (1,0) or (0,1).
Note: (PS1, PS0) = (1,1) for factory test only.
RW
0x0
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Name
Description
Mode
Default
Register 2 (0x02): Global Control 0
7
Reserved
Reserved
R/W
0x0
6-4
802.1p base priority
Used to classify priority for incoming 802.1q packets.
“User priority” is compared against this value.
≥ : classified as high priority.
< : classified as low priority.
R/W
0x4
3
Enable PHY MII
1, enable PHY MII interface.
(Note: if not enabled, the switch will tri-state all outputs)
R/W
Pin LED[5][1]
strap option.
Pull-down (0):
isolate. Pull-up
(1): Enable.
Note: LED[5][1]
has internal
pull-up.
2
Buffer share mode
1, buffer pool is shared by all ports. A port can use
more buffer when other ports are not busy.
0, a port is only allowed to use 1/5 of the buffer pool.
R/W
0x1
1
UNH mode
1 the switch will drop packets with 0x8808 in T/L
filed, or DA=01-80-C2-00-00-01.
0, the switch will drop packets qualified as
“flow control” packets.
R/W
0
0
Link change age
1, link change from “link” to “no link” will cause fast
aging (<800µs) to age address table faster. After an
age cycle is complete, the age logic will return to
normal (300 + 75 seconds ). Note: If any port is
unplugged, all addresses will be automatically aged
out.
R/W
0
Register 3 (0x03): Global Control 1
7
Pass all frames
1, switch all packets including bad ones. Used solely
for debugging purpose. Works in conjunction with
sniffer mode.
R/W
0
6
Reserved
Reserved
R/W
0
5
IEEE 802.3x Transmit
flow control disable
0, will enable transmit flow control based on AN result.
1, will not enable transmit flow control regardless of
AN result.
R/W
Pin PMRXD3
strap option.
Pull-down(0):
Enable tx flow
control. Pull-up (1):
Disable tx/rx
flow control.
Note: PMRXD3
has internal pulldown.
4
IEEE 802.3x Receive
flow control disable
0, will enable receive flow control based on AN result.
1, will not enable receive flow control regardless of
AN result.
R/W
Pin PMRXD3 strap
option. Pull-down
(0): Enable rx flow
control. Pull-up (1):
Disable tx/rx flow
control.
Note: PMRXD3
has internal pulldown.
R/W
0
Note: Bit 5 and bit 4 default values are controlled by
the same pin, but they can be programmed
independently.
3
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Frame Length field check
1, will check frame length field in the IEEE packets.
If the actual length does not match, the packet will be
dropped. (for L/T < 1500)
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Address
Name
Description
Mode
Default
2
Aging enable
1, Enable age function in the chip
0, Disable aging function
R/W
Pin LED[5][2] strap
option. Pull-down
(0): Aging disable.
Pull-up (1): Aging
enable.
Note: LED[5][2]
has internal pull
up.
1
Fast age enable
1, Turn on fast age (800µs)
R/W
0
0
Aggressive back
off enable
1, Enable more aggressive backoff algorithm in half
duplex mode to enhance performance. This is not an
IEEE standard.
R/W
Pin PMRXD0 strap
option. Pull-down
(0): Disable
aggressive back
off. Pull-up (1):
Aggressive back
off.
Note: PMRXD0
has internal pull
down.
Register 4 (0x04): Global Control 2
7
Unicast port-VLAN
mismatch discard
This feature is used for port-VLAN.
(described in reg17, reg33...)
1, all packets can not cross VLAN boundary.
0, unicast packets (excluding unknown/
mutlicast/broadcast) can cross VLAN boundary.
R/W
1
6
Multicast Storm
protection disable
1, “Broadcast Storm Protection” does not include
multicast packets. Only DA=FFFFFFFFFFFF packets
will be regulated.
0, “Broadcast Storm Protection” includes DA =
FFFFFFFFFFFF and DA[40] = 1 packets.
R/W
1
5
Back pressure mode
1, carrier sense based backpressure is selected.
0, collision based backpressure is selected.
R/W
1
4
Flow control and back
pressure fair mode
1, fair mode is selected. In this mode, if a flow control
port and a non-flow control port talk to the same
destination port, packets from the non-flow control port
may be dropped. This is to prevent the flow control port
from being flow controlled for an extended period of time.
0, in this mode, if a flow control port and a non-flow
control port talk to the same destination port, the flow
control port will be flow controlled. This may not be “fair”
to the flow control port.
R/W
1
3
No excessive collision drop
1, the switch will not drop packets when 16 or more
collisions occur.
0, the switch will drop packets when 16 or more
collisions occur.
R/W
Pin PMRXD1 strap
option. Pull-down
(0): Drop
excessive collision
packets. Pull-up (1):
Don’t drop
excessive collision
packets.
Note: PMRXD1
has internal pull
down.
2
Huge packet support
1, will accept packet sizes up to 1916 bytes (inclusive).
This bit setting will override setting from bit 1 of the
same register.
0, the max packet size will be determined by bit 1 of this
register.
R/W
0
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Address
Name
Description
Mode
Default
1
Legal Maximum Packet
size check disable
1, will accept packet sizes up to 1536 bytes (inclusive).
0, 1522 bytes for tagged packets (not including packets
with STPID from CPU to ports 1-4), 1518 bytes for
untagged packets. Any packets larger than the specified
value will be dropped.
R/W
Pin PMRXER
strap option.
Pull-down (0):
1518/1522 byte
packets. Pull-up
(1): 1536 byte
packets.
Note: PMRXER
has internal pull
down.
0
Priority Buffer reserve
1, Each output queue is pre-allocated 48 buffers,
used exclusively for high priority packets. It is
recommended to enable this when priority queue
feature is turned on.
0, No reserved buffers for high priority packets.
R/W
0
Register 5 (0x05): Global Control 3
7
802.1q VLAN enable
1, 802.1q VLAN mode is turned on. VLAN table needs
to set up before the operation.
0, 802.1q VLAN is disabled.
R/W
0
6
IGMP snoop enable on
Switch MII interface
1, IGMP snoop enabled. All the IGMP packets will be
forwarded to switch MII port.
0, IGMP snoop disabled.
R/W
0
5
Enable direct mode on
Switch MII interface
1, direct mode on port 5. This is a special mode for the
switch MII interface. Using preamble before MRXDV to
direct switch to forward packets, bypassing internal
look-up.
0, normal operation.
R/W
0
4
Enable pre tag on
Switch MII interface
1, packets forwarded to switch MII interface will be
pre-tagged with the source port number.
(preamble before MRXDV)
0, normal operation.
R/W
0
3-2
Priority Scheme select
00 = always deliver high priority packets first.
01 = deliver high/low packets at ratio 10/1.
10 = deliver high/low packets at ratio 5/1.
11 = deliver high/low packets at ratio 2/1.
R/W
00
1
Enable “tag” mask
1, the last 5 digits in the VID field are used as a mask
to determine which port(s) the packet should be
forwarded to.
0, no tag masks.
R/W
0
0
Sniff mode select
1, will do Rx AND Tx sniff (both source port and
destination port need to match).
0, will do Rx OR Tx sniff (Either source port or
destination port needs to match). This is the mode
used to implement Rx only sniff.
R/W
0
Register 6 (0x06): Global Control 4
7
Switch MII back
pressure enable
1, enable half-duplex back pressure on switch MII
interface.
0, disable back pressure on switch MII interface.
R/W
0
6
Switch MII half
duplex mode
1, enable MII interface half-duplex mode.
0, enable MII interface full-duplex mode.
R/W
Pin SMRXD2 strap
option. Pull-down
(0): Full duplex
mode. Pull-up
(1): Half duplex
mode Note:
SMRXD2 has
internal pull down.
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Address
Name
Description
Mode
Default
5
Switch MII flow
control enable
1, enable full-duplex flow control on switch MII interface.
0, disable full-duplex flow control on switch MII interface.
R/W
Pin SMRXD3 strap
option. Pull-down
(0): disable flow
control. Pull-up(1):
enable flow control.
Note: SMRXD3
has internal pulldown.
4
Switch MII 10BT
1, the switch interface is in 10Mbps mode.
0, the switch interface is in 100Mbps mode.
R/W
Pin SMRXD1 strap
option. Pull-down
(0): Enable
100Mbps. Pull-up
(1): Enable 10Mpbs.
Note: SMRXD1
has internal pulldown.
3
Null VID replacement
1, will replace null VID with port VID(12 bits).
0, no replacement for null VID.
R/W
0
2-0
Broadcast storm
protection rate Bit [10:8]
This along with the next register determines how many
“64 byte blocks” of packet data allowed on an input port
in a preset period. The period is 50ms for 100BT or
500ms for 10BT. The default is 1%.
R/W
000
This along with the previous register determines how
many “64 byte blocks” of packet data are allowed on an
input port in a preset period. The period is 50ms for
100BT or 500ms for 10BT. The default is 1%.
R/W
0x4A(1)
Reserved
R/W
0x24
Reserved
R/W
0x28
Reserved
R/W
0x24
Register 7 (0x07): Global Control 5
7-0
Broadcast storm
protection rate Bit [7:0]
Note:
1. 148,800 frames/sec × 50ms/interval × 1% = 74 frames/interval (approx.) = 0x4A
Register 8 (0x08): Global Control 6
7-0
Factory testing
Register 9 (0x09): Global Control 7
7-0
Factory testing
Register 10 (0x0A): Global Control 8
7-0
Factory testing
Register 11 (0x0B): Global Control 9
7-2
Reserved
N/A
1
LED mode
0 = led mode 0
1 = led mode 1
0
Mode 0
0
July 2006
Special TPID mode
Lnk/Act
100Lnk/Act
LEDX_1
Fulld/Col
10Lnk/Act
LEDX_0
Speed
Fulld
43
Pin SMRXD0 strap
option. Pull-down
(0): Enabled led
mode 0. Pull-up (1):
Enabled led mode 1.
Note: SMRXD0 has
internal pull-down 0.
R/W
0
Mode 1
LEDX_2
1 = enable special TPID mode .
0 = disable special TPID mode.
R/W
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Port Registers
The following registers are used to enable features that are assigned on a per port basis. The register bit assignments are
the same for all ports, but the address for each port is different, as indicated.
Register 16 (0x10): Port 1 Control 0
Register 32 (0x20): Port 2 Control 0
Register 48 (0x30): Port 3 Control 0
Register 64 (0x40): Port 4 Control 0
Register 80 (0x50): Port 5 Control 0
Address
Name
Description
Mode
Default
7
Broadcast storm
protection enable
1, enable broadcast storm protection for ingress packets
on the port.
0, disable broadcast storm protection.
R/W
0
6
Diffserv priority
classification enable
1, enable DiffServ priority classification for ingress
packets on port.
0, disable DiffServ function.
R/W
0
5
802.1p priority
classification enable
1, enable 802.1p priority classification for ingress
packets on port.
0, disable 802.1p.
R/W
0
4
Port-based priority
classification enable
1, ingress packets on the port will be classified as high
priority if “DiffServ” or “802.1p” classification is not
enabled or fails to classify.
0, ingress packets on port will be classified as low priority
if “DiffServ” or “802.1p” classification is not enabled or
fails to classify.
Note: “DiffServ”, “802.1p” and port priority can be
enabled at the same time. The OR’ed result of 802.1p
and DSCP overwrites the port priority.
R/W
0
3
Reserved
Reserved
R/W
0
2
Tag insertion
1, when packets are output on the port, the switch will
add 802.1q tags to packets without 802.1q tags when
received. The switch will not add tags to packets already
tagged. The tag inserted is the ingress port’s “port VID”
0, disable tag insertion.
R/W
0
1
Tag removal
1, when packets are output on the port, the switch will
remove 802.1q tags from packets with 802.1q tags
when received. The switch will not modify packets
received without tags.
0, disable tag removal.
R/W
0
0
Priority enable
1, the port output queue is split into high and low
priority queues.
0, single output queue on the port. There is no priority
differentiation even though packets are classified into
high or low priority.
R/W
0
Register 17 (0x11): Port 1 Control 1
Register 33 (0x21): Port 2 Control 1
Register 49 (0x31): Port 3 Control 1
Register 65 (0x41): Port 4 Control 1
Register 81 (0x51): Port 5 Control 1
Address
Name
Description
Mode
Default
7
Sniffer port
1, Port is designated as sniffer port and will transmit
packets that are monitored.
0, Port is a normal port.
R/W
0
6
Receive sniff
1, All the packets received on the port will be marked
as “monitored packets” and forwarded to the designated
“sniffer port.”
0, no receive monitoring.
R/W
0
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Address
Name
Description
Mode
Default
5
Transmit sniff
1, All the packets transmitted on the port will be
marked as “monitored packets” and forwarded to the
designated “sniffer port.”
0, no transmit monitoring.
R/W
0
4-0
Port VLAN membership
Define the port’s “Port VLAN membership.” Bit 4 stands
for port 5, bit 3 for port 4... bit 0 for port 1. The Port can
only communicate within the membership. A ‘1’
includes a port in the membership, a ‘0’ excludes a port
from membership.
R/W
0x1f
Mode
Default
Register 18 (0x12): Port 1 Control 2
Register 34 (0x22): Port 2 Control 2
Register 50 (0x32): Port 3 Control 2
Register 66 (0x42): Port 4 Control 2
Register 82 (0x52): Port 5 Control 2
Address
Name
Description
7
Reserved
Reserved
6
Ingress VLAN filtering
1, the switch will discard packets whose VID port
membership in VLAN table bit[20:16] does not include
the ingress port.
0, no ingress VLAN filtering.
R/W
0
5
Discard Non PVID packets
1, the switch will discard packets whose VID does
not match ingress port default VID.
0, no packets will be discarded.
R/W
0
4
Force flow control
1, will always enable rx and tx flow control on the port,
regardless of AN result.
0, the flow control is enabled based on AN result.
Note: Setting a port for both half-duplex and forced
flow control is an illegal configuration. For half-duplex
enable back pressure.
R/W
0
For port 4 only,
there is a special
configuration pin
to set the default,
Pin PCOL strap
option. Pull-down
(0): No Force flow
control Pull-up
(1): Force flow
control.
Note: PCOL has
internal pull down.
3
Back pressure enable
1, enable port’s half-duplex back pressure.
0, disable port’s half-duplex back pressure.
R/W
Pin PMRXD2 strap
option. Pull-down
(0): disable back
pressure. Pull-up
(1): enable back
pressure.
Note: PMRXD2 has
internal pull-down.
2
Transmit enable
1, enable packet transmission on the port.
0, disable packet transmission on the port.
R/W
1
1
Receive enable
1, enable packet reception on the port.
0, disable packet reception on the port.
R/W
1
0
Learning disable
1, disable switch address learning capability.
0, enable switch address learning.
R/W
0
0x0
Note:
Bits 2-0 are used for spanning tree support. See “Spanning Tree Support” section.
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Register 19 (0x13): Port 1 Control 3
Register 35 (0x23): Port 2 Control 3
Register 51 (0x33): Port 3 Control 3
Register 67 (0x43): Port 4 Control 3
Register 83 (0x53): Port 5 Control 3
Address
Name
Description
Mode
Default
7-0
Default tag [15:8]
Port’s default tag, containing
7-5: user priority bits
4: CFI bit
3-0 : VID[11:8]
R/W
0
Register 20 (0x14): Port 1 Control 4
Register 36 (0x24): Port 2 Control 4
Register 52 (0x34): Port 3 Control 4
Register 68 (0x44): Port 4 Control 4
Register 84 (0x54): Port 5 Control 4
Address
Name
Description
Mode
Default
7-0
Default tag [7:0]
Default port 1’s tag, containing
7-0: VID[7:0]
R/W
1
Note:
Registers 19 and 20 (and those corresponding to other ports) serve two purposes: (1) Associated with the ingress untagged packets, and used for
egress tagging; (2) Default VID for the ingress untagged or null-VID-tagged packets, and used for address look-up.
Register 21 (0x15): Port 1 Control 5
Register 37 (0x25): Port 2 Control 5
Register 53 (0x35): Port 3 Control 5
Register 69 (0x45): Port 4 Control 5
Register 85 (0x55): Port 5 Control 5
Address
Name
Description
Mode
Default
7-0
Transmit high priority
rate control [7:0]
This along with port control 7, bits [3:0] form a 12-bit
field to determine how many “32Kbps” high priority
blocks can be transmitted. (In a unit of 4K bytes in a
one second period.)
R/W
0
Register 22 (0x16): Port 1 Control 6
Register 38 (0x26): Port 2 Control 6
Register 54 (0x36): Port 3 Control 6
Register 70 (0x46): Port 4 Control 6
Register 86 (0x56): Port 5 Control 6
Address
Name
Description
Mode
Default
7-0
Transmit low priority
rate control [7:0]
This along with port control 7, bits [7:4] form a 12-bit
field to determine how many “32Kbps” low priority
blocks can be transmitted. (In a unit of 4K bytes in a
one second period.)
R/W
0
Register 23 (0x17): Port 1 Control 7
Register 39 (0x27): Port 2 Control 7
Register 55 (0x37): Port 3 Control 7
Register 71 (0x47): Port 4 Control 7
Register 87 (0x57): Port 5 Control 7
Address
Name
Description
Mode
Default
7-4
Transmit low priority
rate control [11:8]
This along with port control 6, bits [7:0] form a 12-bit
field to determine how many “32Kbps” low priority
blocks can be transmitted. (In a unit of 4K bytes in a
one second period.)
R/W
0
3-0
Transmit high priority
rate control [11:8]
This along with port control 5, bits [7:0] form a 12-bit
field to determine how many “32Kbps” high priority
blocks can be transmitted. (In unit of 4K bytes in a
one second period.)
R/W
0
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Register 24 (0x18): Port 1 Control 8
Register 40 (0x28): Port 2 Control 8
Register 56 (0x38): Port 3 Control 8
Register 72 (0x48): Port 4 Control 8
Register 88 (0x58): Port 5 Control 8
Address
Name
Description
Mode
Default
7-0
Receive high priority
rate control [7:0]
This along with port control 10, bits [3:0] form a 12-bit
field to determine how many “32Kbps” high priority
blocks can be received. (In a unit of 4K bytes in a one
second period.)
R/W
0
Register 25 (0x19): Port 1 Control 9
Register 41 (0x29): Port 2 Control 9
Register 57 (0x39): Port 3 Control 9
Register 73 (0x49): Port 4 Control 9
Register 89 (0x59): Port 5 Control 9
Address
Name
Description
Mode
Default
7-0
Receive low priority
rate control [7:0]
This along with port control 10, bits [7:4] form a 12-bit
field to determine how many “32Kbps” low priority
blocks can be received. (In a unit of 4K bytes in a one
second period.)
R/W
0
Register 26 (0x1A): Port 1 Control 10
Register 42 (0x2A): Port 2 Control 10
Register 58 (0x3A): Port 3 Control 10
Register 74 (0x4A): Port 4 Control 10
Register 90 (0x5A): Port 5 Control 10
Address
Name
Description
Mode
Default
7-4
Receive low priority
rate control [11:8]
This along with port control 9, bits [7:0] form a 12-bit
field to determine how many “32Kbps” low priority
blocks can be received. (In a unit of 4K bytes in a one
second period.)
R/W
0
3-0
Receive high priority
rate control [11:8]
This along with port control 8, bits [7:0] form a 12-bit
field to determine how many “32Kbps” high priority
blocks can be received. (In a unit of 4K bytes in a one
second period.)
R/W
0
Register 27 (0x1B): Port 1 Control 11
Register 43 (0x2B): Port 2 Control 11
Register 59 (0x3B): Port 3 Control 11
Register 75 (0x4B): Port 4 Control 11
Register 91 (0x5B): Port 5 Control 11
Address
Name
Description
Mode
Default
7
Receive differential
priority rate control
1, If bit 6 is also ‘1’ this will enable receive rate control
for this port on low priority packets at the low priority
rate. If bit 5 is also ‘1’, this will enable receive rate
control on high priority packets at the high priority rate
0, receive rate control will be based on the low priority
rate for all packets on this port.
R/W
0
6
Low priority receive
rate control enable
1, enable port’s low priority receive rate control feature.
0, disable port’s low priority receive rate control.
R/W
0
5
High priority receive
rate control enable
1, If bit 7 is also ‘1’ this will enable the port’s high
priority receive rate control feature. If bit 7 is a ‘0’ and
bit 6 is a ‘1’, all receive packets on this port will be rate
controlled at the low priority rate.
0, disable port’s high priority receive rate control feature.
R/W
0
4
Low priority receive rate
flow control enable
1, flow control may be asserted if the port’s low priority
receive rate is exceeded.
0, flow control is not asserted if the port’s low priority
receive rate is exceeded.
R/W
0
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Address
Name
Description
Mode
Default
3
High priority receive
rate flow control enable
1, flow control may be asserted if the port’s high
priority receive rate is exceeded. (To use this, differential
receive rate control must be on.)
0, flow control is not asserted if the port’s high
priority receive rate is exceeded.
R/W
0
2
Transmit differential
priority rate control
1, will do transmit rate control on both high and low
priority packets based on the rate counters defined by
the high and low priority packets respectively.
0, will do transmit rate control on any packets.
The rate counters defined in low priority will be used.
R/W
0
1
Low priority transmit
rate control enable
1, enable the port’s low priority transmit rate control
feature.
0, disable the port’s low priority transmit rate control
feature.
R/W
0
0
High priority transmit
rate control enable
1, enable the port’s high priority transmit rate control
feature.
0, disable the port’s high priority transmit rate control
feature.
R/W
0
Register 28 (0x1C): Port 1 Control 12
Register 44 (0x2C): Port 2 Control 12
Register 60 (0x3C): Port 3 Control 12
Register 76 (0x4C): Port 4 Control 12
Register 92 (0x5C): Port 5 Control 12
Note:
Port Control 12 and 13, and Port Status 0 contents can be accessed by MIIM (MDC/MDIO) interface via the standard MIIM register definition.
Address
Name
Description
Mode
Default
7
Disable auto-negotiation
1, disable auto-negotiation, speed and duplex are
decided by bit 6 and 5 of the same register.
0, auto-negotiation is on.
R/W
0
6
Forced speed
1, forced 100BT if AN is disabled (bit 7).
0, forced 10BT if AN is disabled (bit 7).
R/W
1
5
Forced duplex
1, forced full-duplex if (1) AN is disabled or (2) AN is
enabled but failed.
0, forced half-duplex if (1) AN is disabled or (2) AN is
enabled but failed.
R/W
0
For port 4 only,
there is a special
configure pin to set
the default,
Pin PCRS strap
option.
Pull-down (0):
Force half-duplex.
Pull-up (1):
Force full-duplex.
Note: PCRS has
internal pull down.
4
Advertised flow
control capability
1, advertise flow control capability.
0, suppress flow control capability from transmission
to link partner.
R/W
1
3
Advertised 100BT
full-duplex capability
1, advertise 100BT full-duplex capability.
0, suppress 100BT full-duplex capability from
transmission to link partner.
R/W
1
2
Advertised 100BT
half-duplex capability
1, advertise 100BT half-duplex capability.
0, suppress 100BT half-duplex capability from
transmission to link partner.
R/W
1
1
Advertised 10BT
full-duplex capability
1, advertise 10BT full-duplex capability.
0, suppress 10BT full-duplex capability from
transmission to link partner.
R/W
0
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Address
Name
Description
Mode
Default
0
Advertised 10BT
half-duplex capability
1, advertise 10BT half-duplex capability.
0, suppress 10BT half-duplex capability from
transmission to link partner.
R/W
1
Register 29 (0x1D): Port 1 Control 13
Register 45 (0x2D): Port 2 Control 13
Register 61 (0x3D): Port 3 Control 13
Register 77 (0x4D): Port 4 Control 13
Register 93 (0x5D): Port 5 Control 13
Address
Name
Description
Mode
Default
7
LED off
1, Turn off all port’s LEDs (LEDx_2, LEDx_1, LEDx_0,
where “x” is the port number). These pins will be driven
high if this bit is set to one.
0, normal operation.
R/W
0
6
Txids
1, disable port’s transmitter.
0, normal operation.
R/W
0
5
Restart AN
1, restart auto-negotiation.
0, normal operation.
R/W
0
1, disable far end fault detection and pattern transmission.
0, enable far end fault detection and pattern transmission.
R/W
0
1, power down
0, normal operation
R/W
0
1, disable auto MDI/MDIX function.
0, enable auto MDI/MDIX function.
R/W
0
1, If auto MDI/MDIX is disabled, force PHY into
MDI mode.
0, Do not force PHY into MDIX mode.
R/W
0
1, Perform “local loopback,”
(ie. loopback PHYs TX back to RX).
0, normal operation.
R/W
0
4
3
2
1
0
Disable Far end fault
Power down
Disable auto MDI/MDIX
Forced MDI
Loopback
Register 30 (0x1E): Port 1 Status 0
Register 46 (0x2E): Port 2 Status 0
Register 62 (0x3E): Port 3 Status 0
Register 78 (0x4E): Port 4 Status 0
Register 94 (0x5E): Port 5 Status 0
Address
Name
Description
Mode
Default
7
MDIX status
1, MDI
0, MDIX
RO
0
6
AN done
1, AN done
0, AN not done
RO
0
5
Link good
1, link good
0, link not good
RO
0
4
Partner flow
control capability
1, link partner flow control capable
0, link partner not flow control capable
RO
0
3
Partner 100BT
full-duplex capability
1, link partner 100BT full-duplex capable
0, link partner not 100BT full-duplex capable
RO
0
2
Partner 100BT
half-duplex capability
1, link partner 100BT half-duplex capable
0, link partner not 100BT half-duplex capable
RO
0
1
Partner 10BT
full-duplex capability
1, link partner 10BT full-duplex capable
0, link partner not 10BT full-duplex capable
RO
0
0
Partner 10BT
half-duplex capability
1, link partner 10BT half-duplex capable
0, link partner not 10BT half-duplex capable
RO
0
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Register 31 (0x1F): Port 1 Status 1
Register 47 (0x2F): Port 2 Status 1
Register 63 (0x3F): Port 3 Status 1
Register 79 (0x4F): Port 4 Status 1
Register 95 (0x5F): Port 5 Status 1
Address
Name
Description
Mode
Default
7-1
Reserved
1, perform PHY loopback, i.e. loopback MAC’s TX
back to RX.
0, normal operation.
R/O
0
0
Far end fault
1, Far end fault status detected.
0, no far end fault status detected.
RO
0
Advanced Control Registers
The IPv4 TOS priority control registers implement a fully decoded 64 bit DSCP (Differentiated Services Code Point) register
used to determine priority from the 6 bit TOS field in the IP header. The most significant 6 bits of the TOS field are fully decoded
into 64 possibilities, and the singular code that results is compared against the corresponding bit in the DSCP register. If the
register bit is a 1, the priority is high; if it is a 0, the priority is low.
Address
Name
Description
Mode
Default
R/W
00000000
R/W
00000000
R/W
00000000
R/W
00000000
R/W
00000000
R/W
00000000
R/W
00000000
R/W
00000000
Register 96 (0x60): TOS Priority Control Register 0
7-0
DSCP[63:56]
Register 97 (0x61): TOS Priority Control Register 1
7-0
DSCP[55:48]
Register 98 (0x62): TOS Priority Control Register 2
7-0
DSCP[47:40]
Register 99 (0x63): TOS Priority Control Register 3
7-0
DSCP[39:32]
Register 100 (0x64): TOS Priority Control Register 4
7-0
DSCP[31:24]
Register 101 (0x65): TOS Priority Control Register 5
7-0
DSCP[23:16]
Register 102 (0x66): TOS Priority Control Register 6
7-0
DSCP[15:8]
Register 103 (0x67): TOS Priority Control Register 7
7-0
DSCP[7:0]
Registers 104 to 109 define the switching engine’s MAC address. This 48-bit address is used as the source address in MAC pause control frames.
Register 104 (0x68): MAC Address Register 0
7-0
MACA[47:40]
R/W
0x00
R/W
0x10
R/W
0xA1
R/W
0xff
R/W
0xff
R/W
0xff
Register 105 (0x69): MAC Address Register 1
7-0
MACA[39:32]
Register 106 (0x6A): MAC Address Register 2
7-0
MACA[31:24]
Register 107 (0x6B): MAC Address Register 3
7-0
MACA[23:16]
Register 108 (0x6C): MAC Address Register 4
7-0
MACA[15:8]
Register 109 (0X6D): MAC Address Register 5
7-0
MACA[7:0]
Use registers 110 and 111 to read or write data to the static MAC address table, VLAN table, dynamic address table, or the MIB counters.
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Name
Description
Mode
Default
Register 110 (0x6E): Indirect Access Control 0
7-5
Reserved
Reserved
R/W
000
4
Read High Write Low
1, read cycle
0, write cycle
R/W
0
3-2
Table select
00 = static mac address table selected
01 = VLAN table selected
10 = dynamic address table selected
11 = MIB counter selected
R/W
0
1-0
Indirect address high
Bit 9-8 of indirect address
R/W
00
R/W
00000000
R/W
00000
R/W
00000000
R/W
00000000
R/W
00000000
R/W
00000000
R/W
00000000
R/W
00000000
R/W
00000000
R/W
00000000
RO
0x0
RO
0x0
R/W
0x0
R/W
0x0
R/W
0x0
Register 111 (0x6F): Indirect Access Control 1
7-0
Indirect address low
Bit 7-0 of indirect address
Note:
write to register 111 will actually trigger a command. Read or write access will be decided by bit 4 of reg110.
Register 112 (0x70): Indirect Data Register 8
68-64
Indirect data
Bit 68-64 of indirect data
Register 113 (0x71): Indirect Data Register 7
63-56
Indirect data
Bit 63-56 of indirect data
Register 114 (0x72): Indirect Data Register 6
55-48
Indirect data
Bit 55-48 of indirect data
Register 115 (0x73): Indirect Data Register 5
47-40
Indirect data
Bit 47-40 of indirect data
Register 116 (0x74): Indirect Data Register 4
39-32
Indirect data
Bit 39-32 of indirect data
Register 117 (0x75): Indirect Data Register 3
31-24
Indirect data
Bit of 31-24 of indirect data
Register 118 (0x76): Indirect Data Register 2
23-16
Indirect data
Bit 23-16 of indirect data
Register 119 (0x77): Indirect Data Register 1
15-8
Indirect data
Bit 15-8 of indirect data
Register 120 (0x78): Indirect Data Register 0
7-0
Indirect data
Bit 7-0 of indirect data
Do not write or read to/from registers 121 to 127. Doing so may prevent proper operation.
Micrel internal testing only.
Register 121 (0x79): Digital Testing Status 0
7-0
Factory testing
Reserved
Qm_split status
Register 122 (0x7A): Digital Testing Status 1
7-0
Factory testing
Reserved
Dbg[7:0]
Register 123 (0x7B): Digital Testing Control 0
7-0
Factory testing
Reserved
Dbg[12:8]
Register 124 (0x7C): Digital Testing Control 1
7-0
Factory testing
Reserved
Register 125 (0x7D): Analog Testing Control 0
7-0
July 2006
Factory testing
Reserved
51
M9999-070506
KS8995M
Address
Micrel, Inc.
Name
Description
Mode
Default
R/W
0x0
RO
0x0
Register 126 (0x7E): Analog Testing Control 1
7-0
Factory testing
Reserved
Register 127 (0x7F): Analog Testing Status
7-0
M9999-070506
Factory testing
Reserved
52
July 2006
KS8995M
Micrel, Inc.
Static MAC Address
KS8995M has a static and a dynamic address table. When a DA look-up is requested, both tables will be searched to make
a packet forwarding decision. When an SA look-up is requested, only the dynamic table is searched for aging, migration and
learning purposes. The static DA look-up result will have precedence over the dynamic DA look-up result. If there are DA
matches in both tables, the result from the static table will be used. The static table can only be accessed and controlled by
an external SPI master (usually a processor). The entries in the static table will not be aged out by KS8995M. An external device
does all addition, modification and deletion.
Note:
Register bit assignments are different for static MAC table reads and static MAC table write as shown in the two tables below.
Address
Name
Description
Mode
Default
Format of Static MAC Table for Reads (8 entries)
60-57
FID
Filter VLAN ID, representing one of the 16 active VLANs
RO
0000
56
Use FID
1, use (FID+MAC) to look-up in static table.
0, use MAC only to look-up in static table.
RO
0
55
Reserved
Reserved
RO
N/A
54
Override
1, override spanning tree “transmit enable = 0” or
“receive enable = 0” setting. This bit is used for
spanning tree implementation.
0, no override.
RO
0
53
Valid
1, this entry is valid, the look-up result will be used
0, this entry is not valid.
RO
0
52-48
Forwarding ports
The 5 bits control the forward ports, example:
00001, forward to port 1
00010, forward to port 2
.....
10000, forward to port 5
00110, forward to port 2 and port 3
11111, broadcasting (excluding the ingress port)
RO
00000
47-0
MAC address
48 bit mac address
RO
0x0
Format of Static MAC Table for Writes (8 entries)
59-56
FID
Filter VLAN ID, representing one of the 16 active VLANs.
W
0000
55
Use FID
1, use (FID+MAC) to look-up in static table.
0, use MAC only to look-up in static table.
W
0
54
override
1, override spanning tree “transmit enable = 0” or
“receive enable = 0” setting. This bit is used for
spanning tree implementation.
0, no override.
W
0
53
valid
1, this entry is valid, the look-up result will be used.
0, this entry is not valid.
W
0
52-48
Forwarding ports
The 5 bits control the forward ports, example:
00001, forward to port 1
00010, forward to port 2
.....
10000, forward to port 5
00110, forward to port 2 and port 3
11111, broadcasting (excluding the ingress port)
W
00000
47-0
MAC address
48 bit MAC address
W
0x0
Table 12. Static MAC Address Table
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Examples:
(1) Static Address Table Read (read the 2nd entry)
Write to reg110 with 0x10 (read static table selected)
Write to reg111 with 0x1 (trigger the read operation)
Then
Read reg113 (60-56)
Read reg114 (55-48)
Read reg115 (47-40)
Read reg116 (39-32)
Read reg117 (31-24)
Read reg118 (23-16)
Read reg119 (15-8)
Read reg120 (7-0)
(2) Static Address Table Write (write the 8th entry)
Write reg113 (59-56)
Write reg114 (55-48)
Write reg115 (47-40)
Write reg116 (39-32)
Write reg117 (31-24)
Write reg118 (23-16)
Write reg119 (15-8)
Write reg120 (7-0)
Write to reg110 with 0x00 (write static table selected)
Write to reg111 with 0x7 (trigger the write operation)
M9999-070506
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July 2006
KS8995M
Micrel, Inc.
VLAN Address
VLAN table is used to do VLAN table look-up. If 802.1q VLAN mode is enabled (Register 5 bit 7 =1), this table will be used
to retrieve VLAN information that the ingress packet is associated with. The information includes FID (fiter ID), VID(VLAN ID),
VLAN membership described below:
Address
Name
Description
Mode
Default
Format of Static VLAN Table (16 entries)
21
Valid
1, the entry is valid
0, entry is invalid
R/W
1
20-16
Membership
Specify which ports are members of the VLAN.
If a DA look-up fails (no match in both static and
dynamic tables), the packet associated with this VLAN
will be forwarded to ports specified in this field.
Eg. 11001 means port 5,4, and 1 are in this VLAN.
R/W
11111
15-12
FID
Filter ID. KS8995M supports 16 active VLANs
represented by these four bit fields. FID is the mapped
ID. If 802.1q VLAN is enabled, the look-up will be based
on FID+DA and FID+SA.
R/W
0
11-0
VID
EEE 802.1q 12 bit VLAN ID
R/W
1
Table 13. VLAN Table
If 802.1q VLAN mode is enabled, KS8995M will assign a VID to every ingress packet. If the packet is untagged or tagged with
a null VID, the packet is assigned with the default port VID of the ingress port. If the packet is tagged with non null VID, the
VID in the tag will be used. The look-up process will start from the VLAN table look-up. If the VID is not valid, the packet will
be dropped and no address learning will take place. If the VID is valid, the FID is retrieved. The FID+DA and FID+SA lookups
are performed. The FID+DA look-up determines the forwarding ports. If FID+DA fails, the packet will be broadcasted to all the
members (excluding the ingress port) of the VLAN. If FID+SA fails, the FID+SA will be learned.
Examples:
(1) VLAN Table Read (read the 3rd entry)
Write to reg110 with 0x14 (read VLAN table selected)
Write to reg111 with 0x2 (trigger the read operation)
Then
Read reg118 (VLAN table bits 21-16)
Read reg119 (VLAN table bits 15-8)
Read reg120 (VLAN table bits 7-0)
(2) VLAN Table Write (write the 7th entry)
Write to reg118 (VLAN table bits 21-16)
Write to reg119 (VLAN table bits 15-8)
Write to reg120 (VLAN table bits 7-0)
Write to reg110 with 0x04 (write VLAN table selected)
Write to reg111 with 0x6 (trigger the write operation)
Note:
The sequence of the writing entries should start from entry 0. Improper sequence of the VLAN entries could cause the VLAN
to be nonfunctional.
July 2006
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Micrel, Inc.
Dynamic MAC Address
This table is ready only. The contents are maintained by KS8995M only.
Address
Name
Description
Mode
Default
Format of Dynamic MAC Address Table (1K entries)
68
MAC empty
1, there is no valid entry in the table.
0, there are valid entries in the table.
RO
1
67-58
No of valid entries
Indicates how many valid entries in the table:
0x3ff means 1K entries
0x1 means 2 entries
0x0 and bit 68 = 0: means 1 entry
0x0 and bit 68 = 1: means 0 entry
RO
0
57-56
Time stamp
2-bit counters for internal aging.
RO
55
Data ready
1, The entry is not ready, retry until this bit is set to 0.
0, The entry is ready.
RO
54-52
Source port
The source port where FID+MAC is learned.
000 port 1
001 port 2
010 port 3
011 port 4
100 port 5
RO
0x0
51-48
FID
Filter ID
RO
0x0
47-0
MAC address
48 bit MAC address
RO
0x0
Table 14. Dynamic MAC Address Table
Examples:
(1) Dynamic MAC Address Table Read (read the 1st entry), and retrieve the MAC table size
Write to reg110 with 0x18 (read dynamic table selected)
Write to reg111 with 0x0 (trigger the read operation )
Then
Read reg112 (68-64)
Read reg113 (63-56) ; // the above two registers show # of entries
Read reg114 (55-48) // if bit 55 is 1, restart(reread) from this register
Read reg115 (47-40)
Read reg116 (39-32)
Read reg117 (31-24)
Read reg118 (23-16)
Read reg119 (15-8)
Read reg120 (7-0)
(2) Dynamic MAC Address Table Read (read the 257th entry), without retrieving # of entries info
Write to reg110 with 0x19 (read dynamic table selected)
Write to reg111 with 0x1 (trigger the read operation)
Then
Read reg114 (55-48) // if bit 55 is 1, restart (reread) from this register
Read reg115 (47-40)
Read reg116 (39-32)
Read reg117 (31-24)
Read reg118 (23-16)
Read reg119 (15-8)
Read reg120 (7-0)
M9999-070506
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July 2006
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Micrel, Inc.
MIB Counters
The MIB counters are provided on per port basis. The indirect memory is as below.
For port 1
Offset
Counter Name
Description
0x0
RxLoPriorityByte
Rx lo-priority (default) octet count including bad packets.
0x1
RxHiPriorityByte
Rx hi-priority octet count including bad packets.
0x2
RxUndersizePkt
Rx undersize packets w/ good CRC.
0x3
RxFragments
Rx fragment packets w/ bad CRC, symbol errors or alignment errors.
0x4
RxOversize
Rx oversize packets w/ good CRC (max: 1536 or 1522 bytes).
0x5
RxJabbers
Rx packets longer than 1522B w/ either CRC errors, alignment errors, or symbol errors.
(Depends on max packet size setting)
0x6
RxSymbolError
Rx packets w/ invalid data symbol and legal packet size.
0x7
RxCRCerror
Rx packets within (64,1522) bytes w/ an integral number of bytes and a bad CRC.
(Upper limit depends on max packet size setting)
0x8
RxAlignmentError
Rx packets within (64,1522) bytes w/ a non-integral number of bytes and a bad CRC.
(Upper limit depends on max packet size setting)
0x9
RxControl8808Pkts
The number of MAC control frames received by a port with 88-08h in EtherType field.
0xA
RxPausePkts
The number of PAUSE frames received by a port. PAUSE frame is qualified with
EtherType (88-08h), DA, control opcode (00-01), data length (64B min), and a valid CRC.
0xB
RxBroadcast
Rx good broadcast packets (not including errored broadcast packets or valid multicast
packets).
0xC
RxMulticast
Rx good multicast packets (not including MAC control frames, errored multicast packets or
valid broadcast packets).
0xD
RxUnicast
Rx good unicast packets.
0xE
Rx64Octets
Total Rx packets (bad packets included) that were 64 octets in length.
0xF
Rx65to127Octets
Total Rx packets (bad packets included) that are between 65 and 127 octets in length.
0x10
Rx128to255Octets
Total Rx packets (bad packets included) that are between 128 and 255 octets in length.
0x11
Rx256to511Octets
Total Rx packets (bad packets included) that are between 256 and 511 octets in length.
0x12
Rx512to1023Octets
Total Rx packets (bad packets included) that are between 512 and 1023 octets in length.
0x13
Rx1024to1522Octets
Total Rx packets (bad packets included) that are between 1024 and 1522 octets in length.
(Upper limit depends on max packet size setting)
0x14
TxLoPriorityByte
Tx lo-priority good octet count, including PAUSE packets.
0x15
TxHiPriorityByte
Tx hi-priority good octet count, including PAUSE packets.
0x16
TxLateCollision
The number of times a collision is detected later than 512 bit-times into the Tx of a packet.
0x17
TxPausePkts
The number of PAUSE frames transmitted by a port.
0x18
TxBroadcastPkts
Tx good broadcast packets (not including errored broadcast or valid multicast packets).
0x19
TxMulticastPkts
Tx good multicast packets (not including errored multicast packets or valid broadcast packets).
0x1A
TxUnicastPkts
Tx good unicast packets.
0x1B
TxDeferred
Tx packets by a port for which the 1st Tx attempt is delayed due to the busy medium.
0x1C
TxTotalCollision
Tx total collision, half-duplex only.
0x1D
TxExcessiveCollision
A count of frames for which Tx fails due to excessive collisions.
0x1E
TxSingleCollision
Successfully Tx frames on a port for which Tx is inhibited by exactly one collision.
0x1F
TxMultipleCollision
Successfully Tx frames on a port for which Tx is inhibited by more than one collision.
Table 15. Port-1 MIB Counter Indirect Memory Offsets
July 2006
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Micrel, Inc.
For port 2, the base is 0x20, same offset definition (0x20-0x3f)
For port 3, the base is 0x40, same offset definition (0x40-0x5f)
For port 4, the base is 0x60, same offset definition (0x60-0x7f)
For port 5, the base is 0x80, same offset definition (ox80-0x9f)
Address
Name
Description
Mode
Default
Format of Per Port MIB Counters (16 entries)
31
Overflow
1, Counter overflow
0, No Counter overflow
RO
0
30
Count Valid
1, Counter value is valid
0, Counter value is not valid
RO
0
29-0
Counter values
Counter value
RO
0
Offset
Counter Name
Description
0x100
Port1 Tx Drop Packets
Tx packets dropped due to lack of resources
0x101
Port2 Tx Drop Packets
Tx packets dropped due to lack of resources
0x102
Port3 Tx Drop Packets
Tx packets dropped due to lack of resources
0x103
Port4 Tx Drop Packets
Tx packets dropped due to lack of resources
0x104
Port5 Tx Drop Packets
Tx packets dropped due to lack of resources
0x105
Port1 Rx Drop Packets
Rx packets dropped due to lack of resources
0x106
Port2 Rx Drop Packets
Rx packets dropped due to lack of resources
0x107
Port3 Rx Drop Packets
Rx packets dropped due to lack of resources
0x108
Port4 Rx Drop Packets
Rx packets dropped due to lack of resources
0x109
Port5 Rx Drop Packets
Rx packets dropped due to lack of resources
Mode
Default
Table 16. All Port Dropped Packet MIB Counters
Address
Name
Description
Format of All Port Dropped Packet MIB Counters
30-16
Reserved
Reserved
N/A
N/A
15-0
Counter values
Counter value
RO
0
Note:
All port dropped packet MIB counters do not indicate overflow or validity; therefore the application must keep track of overflow and valid conditions.
Examples:
(1) MIB counter read (read port 1 rx 64 counter)
Write to reg110 with 0x1c (read MIB counters
selected)
Write to reg111 with 0xe (trigger the read operation)
Then
Read reg117 (counter value 31-24)
// If bit 31 = 1, there was a counter overflow.
// If bit 30 = 0, restart (reread) from this register.
Read reg118 (counter value 23-16)
Read reg119 (counter value 15-8)
Read reg120 (counter value 7-0)
M9999-070506
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July 2006
KS8995M
Micrel, Inc.
(2) MIB counter read (read port 2 rx 64 counter)
Write to reg110 with 0x1c
(read MIB counter selected)
Write to reg111 with 0x2e
(trigger the read operation )
Then
Read reg117 (counter value 31-24)
// If bit 31 = 1, there was a counter overflow.
// If bit 30 = 0, restart (reread) from this register.
Read reg118 (counter value 23-16)
Read reg119 (counter value 15-8)
Read reg120 (counter value 7-0)
(3) MIB counter read (read port 1 tx drop packets)
Write to reg 110 with 0x1d
Write to reg 111 with 0x00
Then
Read reg119 (counter value 15-8)
Read reg120 (counter value 7-0)
Note:
To read out all the counters, the best performance over the SPI bus is (160+3) × 8 × 200 = 260ms, where there are 160 register, 3 overhead, 8 clocks
per access, at 5MHz. In the heaviest condition, the byte counter will overflow in 2 minutes. It is recommended that the software read all the counters at
least every 30 seconds. The per port MIB counters are designed as “read clear.” A per port MIB counter will be cleared after it is accessed. All port
dropped packet MIB counters are not cleared after they are accessed. The application needs to keep track of overflow and valid conditions on these
counters.
July 2006
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Micrel, Inc.
MIIM Registers
(All the registers defined in this section can be also accessed via the SPI interface. Note: different mapping mechanisms used
for MIIM and SPI). The “PHYAD” defined in IEEE is assigned as “0x1” for port 1, “0x2” for port 2, “0x3” for port 3, “0x4” for port
4, “0x5” for port 5. The “REGAD” supported are 0,1,2,3,4,5.
Address
Name
Description
Mode
Default
Register 0: MII Control
15
Soft reset
Not supported
RO
0
14
Loop back
1, Loop back mode (loop back at MAC)
0, Normal operation
R/W
0
13
Force 100
1, 100Mbps
0, 10Mbps
R/W
1
12
AN enable
1, Auto-negotiation enabled
0, Auto-negotiation disabled
R/W
1
11
Power down
1, Power down
0, Normal operation
R/W
0
10
PHY Isolate
Not supported
RO
0
9
Restart AN
1, Restart auto-negotiation
0, Normal operation
R/W
0
8
Force full-duplex
1, Full duplex
0, Half-duplex
R/W
0
7
Collision test
NOT SUPPORTED
RO
0
6
Reserved
RO
0
5
Reserved
RO
0
4
Force MDI
1, Force MDI
0, Normal operation
R/W
0
3
Disable Auto MDI/MDIX
1, Disable auto MDI/MDIX
0, Normal operation
R/W
0
2
Disable far end fault
1, Disable far end fault detection
0, Normal operation
R/W
0
1
Disable transmit
1, Disable transmit
0, Normal operation
R/W
0
0
Disable LED
1, Disable LED
0, Normal operation
R/W
0
M9999-070506
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Address
Micrel, Inc.
Name
Description
Mode
Default
Register 1: MII Status
15
T4 capable
0, Not 100 BaseT4 capable
RO
0
14
100 Full capable
1, 100BaseTX full-duplex capable
0, Not capable of 100BaseTX full-duplex
RO
1
13
100 Half capable
1, 100BaseTX half-duplex capable
0, Not 100BaseTX half-duplex capable
RO
1
12
10 Full capable
1, 10BaseT full-duplex capable
0, Not 10BaseT full-duplex capable
RO
1
11
10 Half capable
1, 10BaseT half-duplex capable
0, 10BaseT half-duplex capable
RO
1
10-7
Reserved
RO
0
6
Preamble suppressed
NOT SUPPORTED
RO
0
5
AN complete
1, Auto-negotiation complete
0, Auto-negotiation not completed
RO
0
4
Far end fault
1, Far end fault detected
0, No far end fault detected
RO
0
3
AN capable
1, Auto-negotiation capable
0, Not Auto-negotiation capable
RO
1
2
Link status
1, Link is up
0, Link is down
RO
0
1
Jabber test
NOT SUPPORTED
RO
0
0
Extended capable
0, Not extended register capable
RO
0
High order PHYID bits
RO
0x0022
Low order PHYID bits
RO
0x1450
NOT SUPPORTED
RO
0
RO
0
RO
0
RO
0
R/W
1
R/W
0
Register 2: PHYID HIGH
15-0
Phyid high
Register 3: PHYID LOW
15-0
Phyid low
Register 4: Advertisement Ability
15
Next page
14
Reserved
13
Remote fault
12-11
Reserved
10
Pause
9
Reserved
8
Adv 100 Full
1, Advertise 100 full-duplex ability
0, Do not advertise 100 full-duplex ability
R/W
1
7
Adv 100 Half
1, Advertise 100 half-duplex ability
0, Do not advertise 100 half-duplex ability
R/W
1
6
Adv 10 Full
1, Advertise 10 full-duplex ability
0, Do not advertise 10 full-duplex ability
R/W
1
5
Adv 10 Half
1, Advertise 10 half-duplex ability
0, Do not advertise 10 half-duplex ability
R/W
1
4-0
Selector field
802.3
RO
00001
July 2006
NOT SUPPORTED
1, Advertise pause ability
0, Do not advertise pause ability
61
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Address
Micrel, Inc.
Name
Description
Mode
Default
Register 5: Link Partner Ability
15
Next page
NOT SUPPORTED
RO
0
14
LP ACK
NOT SUPPORTED
RO
0
13
Remote fault
NOT SUPPORTED
RO
0
12-11
Reserved
RO
0
10
Pause
RO
0
9
Reserved
RO
0
8
Adv 100 Full
Link partner 100 full capability
RO
0
7
Adv 100 Half
Link partner 100 half capability
RO
0
6
Adv 10 Full
Link partner 10 full capability
RO
0
5
Adv 10 Half
Link partner 10 half capability
RO
0
4-0
Reserved
RO
00001
M9999-070506
Link partner pause capability
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Absolute Maximum Ratings(1)
Operating Ratings(2)
Supply Voltage
(VDDAR, VDDAP, VDDC, VDDAT) ................. –0.5V to +2.4V
(VDDIO) .................................................... –0.5V to +4.0V
Input Voltage ............................................... –0.5V to +4.0V
Output Voltage ............................................ –0.5V to +4.0V
Lead Temperature (soldering, 10 sec.) ..................... 270°C
Storage Temperature (TS) ....................... –55°C to +150°C
Supply Voltage
(VDDAR, VDDAP, VDDC) ............................. +1.7V to +1.9V
(VDDAT) .................................................... +2.4V to +2.6V
(VDDIO) ......................................................... +3.0 to +3.6
Ambient Temperature (TA)
Commercial .............................................. –0°C to +70°C
Industrial ................................................. –40°C to +85°C
Package Thermal Resistance(3)
PQFP (θJA) No Air Flow ................................. 42.91°C/W
Electrical Characteristics(4)
VIN = 1.8V/2.5V; TA = 0°C to +70°C; unless noted, bold values indicate –40°C ≤ TA ≤ +85°C; unless noted.
Symbol
Parameter
Condition
Min
Typ
Max
Units
229
250
mA
100BaseTx Operation—All Ports 100% Utilization
IDX
100BaseTX (Transmitter)
VDDAT
IDDC
100BaseTX (Digital Core/PLL + Analog Rx) VDDC, VDDAP, VDDAR
157
230
mA
IDDIO
100BaseTX (Digital IO)
VDDIO
17
30
mA
10BaseTx Operation—All Ports 100% Utilization
IDX
10BaseTX (Transmitter)
VDDAT
350
375
mA
IDDC
10BaseTX (Digital Core + Analog Rx)
VDDC, VDDAP
102
180
mA
IDDIO
10BaseTX (Digital IO)
VDDIO
6
15
mA
Auto-Negotiation Mode
IDX
10BaseTX (Transmitter)
VDDAT
25
40
mA
IDDC
10BaseTX (Digital Core + Analog Rx)
VDDC, VDDAP
108
180
mA
IDDIO
10BaseTX (Digital IO)
VDDIO
17
20
mA
TTL Inputs
VIH
Input High Voltage
VIL
Input Low Voltage
IIN
Input Current
(Excluding Pull-up/Pull-down)
VIN = GND ~ VDDIO
VOH
Output High Voltage
IOH = –8mA
VOL
Output Low Voltage
IOL = 8mA
|IOZ|
Output Tri-State Leakage
VIN = GND ~ VDDIO
1/2 (VDDIO)
+0.4V
–10
V
1/2 (VDDIO)
–0.4V
V
10
µA
TTL Outputs
VDDIO
–0.4
V
+0.4
V
10
µA
1.05
V
2
%
100BaseTX Transmit (measured differentially after 1:1 transformer)
VO
Peak Differential Output Voltage
100Ω termination on the differential output
0.95
VIMB
Output Voltage Imbalance
100Ω termination on the differential output
tr, tt
Rise/Fall Time
3
5
ns
Rise/Fall Time Imbalance
0
0.5
ns
Notes:
1. Exceeding the absolute maximum rating may damage the device.
2. The device is not guaranteed to function outside its operating rating. Unused inputs must always be tied to an appropriate logic voltage level (Ground
to VDD).
3. No HS (heat spreader) in package.
4. Specification for packaged product only.
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Symbol
Micrel, Inc.
Parameter
Condition
Min
Typ
Max
Units
±0.5
ns
5
%
100BaseTX Transmit (measured differentially after 1:1 transformer)
Duty Cycle Distortion
Overshoot
VSET
Reference Voltage of ISET
Output Jitters
0.5
V
Peak-to-peak
0.7
1.4
ns
5MHz square wave
400
mV
2.3
V
10BaseTX Receive
VSQ
Squelch Threshold
10BaseT Transmit (measured differentially after 1:1 transformer) VDDAT = 2.5V
VP
Peak Differential Output Voltage
100Ω termination on the differential output
Jitters Added
100Ω termination on the differential output
Rise/Fall Times
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64
±3.5
V
30
ns
July 2006
KS8995M
Micrel, Inc.
Timing Diagrams
ts1
tcyc1
th1
Receive Timing
SCL
SDA
Figure 12. EEPROM Interface Input Receive Timing Diagram
tcyc1
Transmit Timing
SCL
tov1
SDA
Figure 13. EEPROM Interface Output Transmit Timing Diagram
Symbol
Parameter
Min
Typ
Max
tCYC1
Clock Cycle
tS1
Set-Up Time
20
ns
tH1
Hold Time
20
ns
tOV1
Output Valid
16384
4096
4112
Units
ns
4128
ns
Table 17. EEPROM Timing Parameters
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Micrel, Inc.
ts2
tcyc2
th2
Receive Timing
MTXC
MTXEN
MTXD[0]
Figure 14. SNI Input Timing
tcyc2
Transmit Timing
MRXC
tov2
MRXDV
MCOL
MRXD[0]
Figure 15. SNI Output Timing
Symbol
Parameter
Min
Typ
Max
tCYC2
Clock Cycle
tS2
Set-Up Time
10
ns
tH2
Hold Time
0
ns
tO2
Output Valid
0
100
3
Units
ns
6
ns
Table 18. SNI Timing Parameters
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Micrel, Inc.
TXC
tHD2
tSU2
TXEN
tHD1
tSU1
TXD[3:0],
TXER
Data
In
CRS
tCRS2
tCRS1
Figure 16. MAC Mode MII Receive Timing for 100Base-T
Symbol
Parameter
Min
Typ
Max
Units
tSU1
RXD [3:0] Set-Up to RXC High
10
ns
tSU2
RXEN Set-Up to RXC High
10
ns
tHD1
RXD [3:0] Hold After RXC High
0
ns
tHD2
RXER Hold After RXC High
0
ns
tHD3
RXEN Hold After RXC High
0
ns
tCRS1
RXEN High to CRS Asserted Latency
40
ns
tCRS2
RXEN Low to CRS De-asserted Latency
40
ns
Table 19. MAC Mode MII Receive Timing Parameters
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Micrel, Inc.
CRS
RXDV
RXD[3:0]
tRLAT
tSU
tHD
RXC
tWL
tWH
tP
Figure 17. MAC Mode MII Transmit Timing for 100Base-T
Symbol
Parameter
Min
Typ
tP
TXC Period
tWL
TXC Pulse Width
20
ns
tWH
TXC Pulse Width
20
ns
tSU
TXD [3:0], TXER, TXDV Set-Up to Rising Edge of RXC
20
ns
tHD
TXD [3:0], TXER, TXDV Hold from Rising Edge of RXC
20
ns
tRLAT
CRS to TXD Latency, 4B or 5B Aligned
60
ns
40
Max
Units
ns
Table 20. MAC Mode MII Transmit Timing Parameters
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Micrel, Inc.
RX+/RX-
Start of
Stream
End of
Stream
tCRS1
CRS
tCRS2
RXDV
RXD[3:0]
RXER
tRLAT
tSU
tHD
tWH
RXC
tWL
tP
Figure 18. PHY Mode MII Receive Timing for 100Base-T
Symbol
Parameter
Min
Typ
tP
RXC Period
tWL
RXC Pulse Width
20
ns
tWH
RXC Pulse Width
20
ns
tSU
RXD [3:0], RXER, RXDV Set-Up to Rising Edge of RXC
20
ns
tHD
RXD [3:0], RXER, RXDV Hold from Rising Edge of RXC
20
ns
tRLAT
CRS to RXD Latency, 4B or 5B Aligned
60
ns
40
Max
Units
ns
Table 21. PHY Mode MII Receive Timing Parameters
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Micrel, Inc.
tHD2
TXC
tSU2
tHD1
TXEN
tSU1
TXD[3:0],
TXER
Data
In
tCRS2
tCRS1
CRS
Figure 19. PHY Mode MII Transmit Timing for 100Base-T
Symbol
Parameter
Min
Typ
Max
Units
tSU1
TXD [3:0] Set-Up to TXC High
10
ns
tSU2
TXEN Set-Up to TXC High
10
ns
tHD1
TXD [3:0] Hold After TXC High
0
ns
tHD2
TXER Hold After TXC High
0
ns
tHD3
TXEN Hold After TXC High
0
ns
tCRS1
TXEN High to CRS Asserted Latency
40
ns
tCRS2
TXEN Low to CRS De-asserted Latency
40
ns
Table 22. PHY Mode MII Transmit Timing Parameters
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Micrel, Inc.
tSHSL
SPIS_N
tSLCH
tCHSL
tCHSH
tSHCH
SPIC
tCHCL
tDVCH
tCHDX
SPID
tCLCH
LSB
MSB
tDLDH
tDHDL
High Impedance
SPIQ
Figure 20. SPI Input Timing
Symbol
Parameter
Min
Typ
Max
Units
fC
Clock Frequency
5
MHz
tCHSL
SPIS_N Inactive Hold Time
90
ns
tSLCH
SPIS_N Active Set-Up Time
90
ns
tCHSH
SPIS_N Active Hold Time
90
ns
tSHCH
SPIS_N Inactive Set-Up Time
90
ns
tSHSL
SPIS_N Deselect Time
100
ns
tDVCH
Data Input Set-Up Time
20
ns
tCHDX
Data Input Hold Time
30
ns
tCLCH
Clock Rise Time
1
µs
tCHCL
Clock Fall Time
1
µs
tDLDH
Data Input Rise Time
1
µs
tDHDL
Data Input Fall Time
1
µs
Table 21. SPI Input Timing Parameters
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Micrel, Inc.
SPIS_N
tCH
SPIC
tCL
tCLQV
tSHQZ
tCLQX
LSB
SPIQ
tQLQH
tQHQL
SPID
Figure 21. SPI Output Timing
Symbol
Parameter
Min
fC
Clock Frequency
tCLQX
SPIQ Hold Time
tCLQV
Clock Low to SPIQ Valid
tCH
Clock High Time
90
ns
tCL
Clock Low Time
90
ns
tQLQH
SPIQ Rise Time
50
ns
tQHQL
SPIQ Fall Time
50
ns
tSHQZ
SPIQ Disable Time
100
ns
0
Typ
Max
Units
5
MHz
0
ns
60
ns
Table 22. SPI Output Timing Parameters
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Micrel, Inc.
Supply
Voltage
tsr
RST_N
tcs
tch
Strap-In
Value
trc
Strap-In /
Output Pin
Figure 22. Reset Timing
Symbol
Parameter
Min
Typ
Max
Units
tSR
Stable Supply Voltages to Reset High
10
ms
tCS
Configuration Set-Up Time
50
ns
tCH
Configuration Hold Time
50
ns
tRC
Reset to Strap-In Pin Output
50
ns
Table 23. Reset Timing Parameters
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Reset Circuit Diagram
Micrel recommends the following discrete reset circuit as shown in Figure 23 when powering up the KS8995M device. For the
application where the reset circuit signal comes from another device (e.g. CPU, FPGA, etc.), we recommend the reset circuit
as shown in Figure 24.
VCC
D1: 1N4148
R
10k
D1
KS8995M
RST
C
10µF
Figure 23. Recommended Reset Circuit
VCC
KS8995M
R
10k
D1
CPU/FPGA
RST
RST_OUT_n
D2
C
10µF
D1, D2: 1N4148
Figure 24. Recommended Circuit for Interfacing with CPU/FPGA Reset
At power-on-rest, R, C, and D1 provide the necessary ramp rise time to reset the Micrel device. The reset out from CPU/FPGA
provides warm reset after power up. It is also recommended to power up the VDD core voltage earlier than VDDIO voltage.
At worst case, both the VDD core and VDDIO voltages should come up at the same time.
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Selection of Isolation Transformer(1)
One simple 1:1 isolation transformer is needed at the line interface. An isolation transformer with integrated common-mode
choke is recommended for exceeding FCC requirements. The following table gives recommended transformer characteristics.
Characteristics Name
Value
Test Condition
Turns Ratio
1 CT : 1 CT
Open-Circuit Inductance (min.)
350µH
100mV, 100 KHz, 8mA
Leakage Inductance (max.)
0.4µH
1MHz (min.)
Inter-Winding Capacitance (max.)
12pF
D.C. Resistance (max.)
0.9Ω
Insertion Loss (max.)
1.0dB
HIPOT (min.)
1500Vrms
0MHz to 65MHz
Note:
1. The IEEE 802.3u standard for 100BaseTX assumes a transformer loss of 0.5dB. For the transmit line transformer, insertion loss of up to 1.3dB can
be compensated by increasing the line drive current by means of reducing the ISET resistor value.
The following transformer vendors provide compatible magnetic parts for Micrel’s device:
4-Port Integrated
Vendor
Part
Auto
MDIX
Number
of Ports
Single Port
Vendor
Part
Auto
MDIX
Number
of Ports
Pulse
H1164
Yes
4
Pulse
H1102
Yes
1
Bel Fuse
558-5999-Q9
Yes
4
Bel Fuse
S558-5999-U7
Yes
1
YCL
PH406466
Yes
4
YCL
PT163020
Yes
1
Transpower
HB826-2
Yes
4
Transpower
HB726
Yes
1
Delta
LF8731
Yes
4
Delta
LF8505
Yes
1
LanKom
SQ-H48W
Yes
4
LanKom
LF-H41S
Yes
1
Table 24. Qualified Magnetics Lists
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Package Information
128-Pin PQFP (PQ)
MICREL, INC. 2180 FORTUNE DRIVE SAN JOSE, CA 95131 USA
TEL
+ 1 (408) 944-0800
FAX
+ 1 (408) 944-0970
WEB
http://www.micrel.com
The information furnished by Micrel in this data sheet is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Micrel for its use.
Micrel reserves the right to change circuitry and specifications at any time without notification to the customer.
Micrel Products are not designed or authorized for use as components in life support appliances, devices or systems where malfunction of a product can
reasonably be expected to result in personal injury. Life support devices or systems are devices or systems that (a) are intended for surgical implant into
the body or (b) support or sustain life, and whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to result in a significant injury to the user. A Purchaser’s
use or sale of Micrel Products for use in life support appliances, devices or systems is at Purchaser’s own risk and Purchaser agrees to fully indemnify
Micrel for any damages resulting from such use or sale.
© 2003 Micrel, Incorporated.
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