MIC4811 High Current 6 Channel Linear WLED Driver with DAM™ and Ultra Fast PWM™ Control General Description Features The MIC4811 is a high efficiency linear White LED (WLED) driver designed to drive up to six high current WLEDs for signage lighting. The MIC4811 provides the highest possible efficiency as this architecture has no switching losses present in traditional charge pumps or inductive boost circuits. The MIC4811 provides six linear drivers which maintain constant current for up to six WLEDs. It features a typical dropout of 100mV at 50mA. The MIC4811 features Dynamic Average Matching™ (DAM™) which is specifically designed to provide optimum matching across all WLEDs. The high accuracy (±1% typical) current regulated WLED channels ensure uniform display illumination under all conditions. The brightness is controlled through an Ultra Fast PWM™ interface operating down to less than 1% duty cycle. The MIC4811 is available in an 10-pin MSOP package with a junction temperature range of -40°C to +125°C. Datasheets and support documentation can be found on Micrel’s web site at: www.micrel.com. • • • • • • • • • High Efficiency (no Voltage Boost losses) Ultra Fast PWM™ control (200Hz to 500kHz) Input voltage range: 3.0V to 5.5V LED current range up to 50mA per channel Programmable LED current with external resistor Dropout of 100mV at 50mA Matching better than ±1% (typical) Current Accuracy better than ±1% (typical) Maintains proper regulation regardless of how many channels are utilized • 10-pin MSOP package Applications • Billboard displays • Marquee displays • Instrument displays • LCD display modules ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Typical Application High Current Lighting (Six WLEDs) Ultra Fast PWM, DAM and Dynamic Average Matching are trademark of Micrel, Inc. Micrel Inc. • 2180 Fortune Drive • San Jose, CA 95131 • USA • tel +1 (408) 944-0800 • fax + 1 (408) 474-1000 • http://www.micrel.com December 2010 M9999-123110-A Micrel Inc. MIC4811 Ordering Information Part Number Mark Code(1) Junction Temperature Range Package MIC4811YMM 4811 –40°C to +125°C 10-Pin MSOP Pin Configuration 10-Pin MSOP (MM) (Top View) Pin Description Pin Number Pin Name 1 VIN Voltage Input. Connect at least 2.2µF ceramic capacitor between VIN and GND. 2 EN Enable LED drivers. This pin can be used as a PWM input for dimming of WLEDs. Do not leave floating. 3 RSET An internal 1.27V reference sets the nominal maximum WLED current. Example, apply a 16.5kΩ resistor between RSET and GND to set LED current to 50mA at 100% duty cycle. 4 GND Ground. 5 D6 LED6 driver input. Connect LED anode to VIN and cathode to this pin. 6 D5 LED5 driver input. Connect LED anode to VIN and cathode to this pin. 7 D4 LED4 driver input. Connect LED anode to VIN and cathode to this pin. 8 D3 LED3 driver input. Connect LED anode to VIN and cathode to this pin. 9 D2 LED2 driver input. Connect LED anode to VIN and cathode to this pin. 10 D1 LED1 driver input. Connect LED anode to VIN and cathode to this pin. December 2010 Pin Function 2 M9999-123110-A Micrel Inc. MIC4811 Absolute Maximum Ratings(1) Operating Ratings(2) Main Input Voltage (VIN) .................................. –0.3V to +6V Enable Input Voltage (VEN).............................. –0.3V to +6V LED Driver Voltage (VD1-D6) ............................ –0.3V to +6V Power Dissipation .....................................Internally Limited Lead Temperature (soldering, 10sec.)....................... 260°C Storage Temperature (Ts) .........................–65°C to +150°C ESD Rating(3) ............................................................... 1.5kV Supply Voltage (VIN)..................................... +3.0V to +5.5V Enable Input Voltage (VEN) .................................... 0V to VIN LED Driver Voltage (VD1-D6) ................................... 0V to VIN Junction Temperature (TJ) ........................ –40°C to +125°C Junction Thermal Resistance MSOP-10L (θJA) ............................................130.5°C/W Electrical Characteristics VIN = VEN = 5V, RSET = 16.5kΩ; VD1-D6 = 1.2V; TJ = 25°C, bold values indicate –40°C ≤ TJ ≤ 125°C; unless noted. Parameter Conditions (4) Current Accuracy Min Typ Max Units 47.5 50 52.5 mA (5) Matching Drop-out 1 3.6 % Where ILED = 90% of LED current seen at VDROPNOM = 1.2V, 100% brightness level 100 180 mV 1.7 2.2 mA VEN = 0V 0.01 1 µA 0.2 V Ground/Supply Bias Current Shutdown Current PWM Dimming Enable Input Voltage (VEN) Logic Low 1.2 Logic High V Enable Input Current VIH > 1.2V 0.01 1 µA Current Source Delay (50% levels) Shutdown to on Standby to on On to Standby 40 1 0.3 60 µs µs µs Current Source Transient Time (10%-90%) TRISE TFALL 1 0.3 Stand-by to Shutdown Time VEN = 0V 10 20 µs µs 40 ms Notes: 1. Exceeding the absolute maximum rating may damage the device. 2. The device is not guaranteed to function outside its operating rating. 3. Devices are ESD sensitive. Handling precautions recommended. Human body model, 1.5kΩ in series with 100pF. 4. As determined by average current of all channels in use and all channels loaded. 5. The current through each LED meets the stated limits from the average current of all LEDs. December 2010 3 M9999-123110-A Micrel Inc. MIC4811 Typical Characteristics Average Current vs. Duty Cycle 1000 DROPOUT VOLTAGE (mV) 80 70 60 50 40 30 100 10 20 10 1 0 0 20 40 60 80 10 Dropout Voltage vs. Temperature 100 80 60 40 20 400 300 200 100 100 60 80 100 120 140 300 400 500 LED Current vs. Temperature 52.0 51.5 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 R SET = 16.5kΩ 51.0 50.5 LED1 LED5 LED4 50.0 49.5 LED6 LED2 LED3 49.0 48.5 R SET = 16.5kΩ 48.0 0.0 TEMPERATURE (°C) 200 LED CURRENT (mA) Average Current Matching vs. Temperature 0.1 0 20 40 500 0 LED CURRENT (mA) 100 0 600 1000 0.9 CURRENT MATCHING (%) DROPOUT VOLTAG (mV) 1.0 120 -40 -20 700 RSET (kΩ) DUTY CYCLE (% ) 140 800 0 1 100 Single Channel Dropout vs. LED Current 900 90 CURRENT (mA) AVERAGE CURRENT (mA) 100 Single Channel Current vs. RSET -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 TEMPERATURE (°C) -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 TEMPERATURE (°C) Peak ILED vs. Input Voltage 51.0 PEAK ILED (mA) 50.5 LED2 LED5 50.0 49.5 LED6 49.0 LED3 LED4 LED1 48.5 RSET = 16.5kΩ 48.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) December 2010 4 M9999-123110-A Micrel Inc. MIC4811 Functional Characteristics December 2010 5 M9999-123110-A Micrel Inc. MIC4811 Functional Diagram Figure 1. MIC4811 Functional Block Diagram December 2010 6 M9999-123110-A Micrel Inc. MIC4811 RSET The RSET pin is used to set the peak current of the linear driver by connecting a RSET resistor to ground. The average LED current can be calculated by equation (1): Functional Description The MIC4811 is a six channel linear WLED driver. The WLED driver is designed to maintain proper current regulation with LED current accuracy of 1%, and typical matching of 1% across the six channels. The WLEDs are driven independently from the input supply and will maintain regulation with a dropout of 100mV at 50mA. The low dropout allows the WLEDs to be driven directly from the battery voltage and eliminates the need for large and inefficient charge pumps. The maximum WLED current for each channel is set by the external RSET resistor. Dimming is controlled by applying a PWM signal to the END pin. The MIC4811 accommodates a wide PWM frequency range as outlined in the application information section. RSET [kΩ] = ( 820 / ILED [mA] ) + 0.139 A plot of ILED versus RSET is shown in Figure 2. Peak LED Current vs. RSET CURRENT (mA) 1000 Block Diagram As shown in Figure 1, the MIC4811 consists of six current mirrors set to copy a master current determined by the RSET resistor. The linear drivers have a designated control block for enabling and dimming the WLEDs. 100 10 1 1 VIN The input supply (VIN) provides power to the linear drivers and the control circuitry. The VIN operating range is 3V to 5.5V. A bypass capacitor of 2.2µF should be placed close to input (VIN) pin and the ground (GND) pin. Refer to the layout recommendations section for details on placing the input capacitor (C1). 10 100 RSET (kΩ) 1000 Figure 2. Peak LED Current vs. RSET D1-D6 The D1 through D6 pins are the linear driver inputs for WLED 1 through 6, respectively. Connect the anodes of the WLEDs to VIN and each cathode of the WLEDs to D1 through D6. When operating with less than six WLEDs, leave the unused D pins unconnected. The linear drivers are extremely versatile in that they may be used in any combinations, for example D1 thru D6 leaving D5 unconnected or paralleled for higher current applications. EN The EN pin is equivalent to the enable pin for the linear drivers on the MIC4811. It can also be used for dimming using a PWM signal. See the PWM Dimming Interface in the Application Information section for details. Pulling the END low for more than 20ms puts the MIC4811 into a low Iq sleep mode. The EN pin cannot be left floating; a floating enable pin may cause an indeterminate state on the outputs. The first pulse on the EN pin must be equal or greater to 60μs to wake the part up in a known state. This equates to 3.3kHz PWM signal at equal or greater than 50% duty cycle. Higher PWM frequencies may be used but the first pulse must be equal or greater than 60μs. December 2010 (1) GND The ground pin is the ground path for the linear drivers. The current loop for the ground should be as small as possible. The ground of the input capacitor should be routed with low impedance traces to the GND pin and made as short as possible. Refer to the layout recommendations for more details. 7 M9999-123110-A Micrel Inc. MIC4811 Application Information Dynamic Average Matching (DAM™) The Dynamic average matching architecture multiplexes four voltage references to provide highly accurate LED current and channel matching. The MIC4811 achieves industry leading LED channel matching of 1% across the entire dimming range. Ultra Fast PWM™ Dimming Interface The MIC4811 supports a wide range of PWM control signal frequencies from 200Hz to 500kHz. This extremely wide range of control provides ultimate flexibility for handheld applications using high frequency PWM control signals. WLED dimming is achieved by pulse width modulating the linear drivers which are controlled by a PWM signal to the END pin. For PWM frequencies between 200Hz – 20kHz the MIC4811 supports a duty cycle range from 1% to 100%, see Figure3. The MIC4811 incorporates an internal shutdown delay to ensure that the internal control circuitry remains active during PWM dimming. This feature prevents the possibility of backlight flickering when using low frequency PWM control signals. The MIC4811 also supports Ultra Fast PWM™ frequencies from 20kHz to 500kHz. Due to input signal propagation delay, PWM frequencies above 20kHz have a non-linear relationship between the duty cycle and the average LED current, see Figures 4 and 5. Figures 6 through 10 show the WLED current response when a PWM signal is applied to the END pin (1). Figure 4. Channel Current Response to PWM Control Signal Frequencies from 50kHz to 500kHz (1) From the low Iq sleep mode higher PWM frequencies may require a logic high enable signal for 60μs to first enable the MIC4811 prior to PWM dimming. Figure 5. Minimum Duty Cycle for Varying PWM Frequency Figure 3. Average Current per LED Dimming by Changing PWM Duty Cycle for PWM Frequencies up to 20kHz December 2010 8 M9999-123110-A Micrel Inc. MIC4811 Figure 6. PWM Signal at 1% Duty Cycle (Iavg = 0.5mA) Figure 9. PWM Signal at 80% Duty Cycle (Iavg = 40mA) Figure 7. PWM Signal at 20% Duty Cycle (Iavg =10 mA) Figure 10. PWM Signal at 100% Duty Cycle (Iavg = 50mA) Input Capacitor The MIC4811 is a high-performance, high bandwidth device. Stability can be maintained using a ceramic input capacitor of 2.2µF. Low-ESR ceramic capacitors provide optimal performance at a minimum amount of space. X5R or X7R dielectrics are recommended for the input capacitor. Y5V dielectrics lose most of their capacitance over temperature and are therefore, not recommended. Figure 8. PWM Signal at 50% Duty Cycle (Iavg = 25mA) December 2010 9 M9999-123110-A Micrel Inc. MIC4811 MIC4811 Typical Application Circuit Bill of Materials Item C1 Part Number Manufacturer C1608X5R0J225K TDK(1) 06036D225KAT2A AVX(2) GRM188R60J225KE19D Murata(3) VJ0603G225KXYAT Vishay(4) OVS5WBCR4 OPTEK Technology, Inc(5) D1 – D6 R1 CRCW060316K55F5EA R2 CRCW06032003FKEA U1 MIC4811YMM Description Qty. Ceramic Capacitor, 2.2µF, 6.3V, X5R, Size 0603 1 WLED 6 (4) Resistor, 16.5k, 1%, 1/16W, Size 0603 1 (4) Resistor, 200k, 1%, 1/16W, Size 0603 1 High Current 6 Channel Linear WLED Driver with DAM™ and Ultra Fast PWM™ Control 1 Vishay Vishay Micrel, Inc.(6) Notes: 1. TDK: www.tdk.com 2. AVX: www.avx.com 3. Murata: www.murata.com 4. Vishay: www.vishay.com 5. OPTEK: www.optekinc.com 6. Micrel, Inc.: www.micrel.com December 2010 10 M9999-123110-A Micrel Inc. MIC4811 PCB Layout Recommendations Top Layer Bottom Layer December 2010 11 M9999-123110-A Micrel Inc. MIC4811 Package Information 10-Pin MSOP (MM) MICREL, INC. 2180 FORTUNE DRIVE SAN JOSE, CA 95131 USA TEL +1 (408) 944-0800 FAX +1 (408) 474-1000 WEB http://www.micrel.com Micrel makes no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the information furnished in this data sheet. This information is not intended as a warranty and Micrel does not assume responsibility for its use. Micrel reserves the right to change circuitry, specifications and descriptions at any time without notice. No license, whether express, implied, arising by estoppel or otherwise, to any intellectual property rights is granted by this document. Except as provided in Micrel’s terms and conditions of sale for such products, Micrel assumes no liability whatsoever, and Micrel disclaims any express or implied warranty relating to the sale and/or use of Micrel products including liability or warranties relating to fitness for a particular purpose, merchantability, or infringement of any patent, copyright or other intellectual property right. Micrel Products are not designed or authorized for use as components in life support appliances, devices or systems where malfunction of a product can reasonably be expected to result in personal injury. Life support devices or systems are devices or systems that (a) are intended for surgical implant into the body or (b) support or sustain life, and whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to result in a significant injury to the user. A Purchaser’s use or sale of Micrel Products for use in life support appliances, devices or systems is a Purchaser’s own risk and Purchaser agrees to fully indemnify Micrel for any damages resulting from such use or sale. © 2010 Micrel, Incorporated. December 2010 12 M9999-123110-A