MICROCHIP MCP1623

MCP1623/24
Low-Voltage Input Boost Regulator
for PIC® Microcontrollers
Features:
General Description:
• Up to 96% Typical Efficiency
• 425 mA Typical Peak Input Current Limit:
- IOUT > 50 mA @ 1.2V VIN, 3.3V VOUT
- IOUT > 175 mA @ 2.4V VIN, 3.3V VOUT
- IOUT > 175 mA @ 3.3V VIN, 5.0V VOUT
• Low Start-up Voltage: 0.65V, typical 3.3V VOUT
@ 1 mA
• Low Operating Input Voltage: 0.35V, typical
3.3VOUT @ 1 mA
• Adjustable Output Voltage Range: 2.0V to 5.5V
• Maximum Input Voltage  VOUT < 5.5V
• Automatic PFM/PWM Operation (MCP1624)
• PWM-only Operation (MCP1623)
• 500 kHz PWM Frequency
• Low Device Quiescent Current: 19 µA, typical
PFM mode
• Internal Synchronous Rectifier
• Internal Compensation
• Inrush Current Limiting and Internal Soft-Start
• True Load Disconnect
• Shutdown Current (All States): < 1 µA
• Low Noise, Anti-Ringing Control
• Overtemperature Protection
• SOT-23-6 Package
The MCP1623/24 is a compact, high-efficiency, fixed
frequency, synchronous step-up DC-DC converter. It
provides an easy-to-use power supply solution for PIC
microcontroller applications powered by either one-cell,
two-cell, or three-cell alkaline, NiCd, NiMH, one-cell
Li-Ion or Li-Polymer batteries.
Applications:
• One, Two and Three Cell Alkaline and NiMH/NiCd
Low-Power PIC® Microcontroller Applications
Low-voltage technology allows the regulator to start-up
without high inrush current or output voltage overshoot
from a low 0.65V input. High efficiency is accomplished by
integrating the low resistance N-Channel Boost switch
and synchronous P-Channel switch. All compensation
and protection circuitry are integrated to minimize external
components. For standby applications, the MCP1624
operates and consumes only 19 µA while operating at no
load. The MCP1623 device option is available that
operates in PWM-only mode.
A “true” Load Disconnect mode provides input to output
isolation while disabled (EN = GND) by removing the
normal boost regulator diode path from input to output.
This mode consumes less than 1 µA of input current.
Output voltage is set by a small external resistor
divider.
Packaging
MCP1623/24
6-Lead SOT-23
SW 1
GND 2
EN 3
 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.
6 VIN
5 VOUT
4 VFB
DS41420B-page 1
MCP1623/24
L1
4.7 µH
VIN
0.9V To 1.7V
VOUT
3.3V
SW V
OUT
VIN
CIN
4.7 µF
ALKALINE
+
976 K
VFB
EN
VDD
COUT
10 µF
PIC® MCU
562 K
VSS
GND
-
MCP1623/24 Typical Application Circuit
100
VIN = 2.5V
90
Efficiency (%)
80
VIN = 1.2V
70
VIN = 0.8V
60
50
40
30
20
0.01
0.1
1
10
100
1000
IOUT (mA)
MCP1624 Efficiency vs. IOUT, VOUT = 3.3V
FIGURE 1:
DS41420B-page 2
Typical Application.
 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP1623/24
1.0
ELECTRICAL
CHARACTERISTICS
† Notice: Stresses above those listed under “Maximum
Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device.
This is a stress rating only and functional operation of
the device at those or any other conditions above those
indicated in the operational sections of this
specification is not intended. Exposure to maximum
rating conditions for extended periods may affect
device reliability.
Absolute Maximum Ratings †
EN, FB, VIN, VSW, VOUT - GND ........................... +6.5V
EN, FB ...........<greater of VOUT or VIN > (GND - 0.3V)
Output Short Circuit Current....................... Continuous
Power Dissipation ............................ Internally Limited
Storage Temperature .........................-65oC to +150oC
Ambient Temp. with Power Applied......-40oC to +85oC
Operating Junction Temperature........-40oC to +125oC
ESD Protection On All Pins:
HBM........................................................ 3 kV
MM........................................................ 300 V
DC CHARACTERISTICS
Electrical Characteristics: Unless otherwise indicated, VIN = 1.2V, COUT = CIN = 10 µF, L = 4.7 µH, VOUT = 3.3V,
IOUT = 15 mA, TA = +25°C.
Boldface specifications apply over the TA range of -40oC to +85oC.
Parameters
Sym.
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Units
Conditions
Minimum Start-Up Voltage
VIN
—
0.65
0.8
V
Note 1
Minimum Input Voltage After
Start-Up
VIN
—
0.35
—
V
Note 1
Output Voltage Adjust Range
VOUT
2.0
5.5
V
VOUT  VIN; Note 2
Maximum Output Current
IOUT
50
—
—
mA
Feedback Voltage
VFB
1.120
1.21
1.299
V
Input Characteristics
1.5V VIN, 3.3V VOUT
—
IVFB
—
10
—
pA
—
Quiescent Current – PFM
mode
IQPFM
—
19
30
µA
Measured at VOUT = 4.0V;
EN = VIN, IOUT = 0 mA;
Note 3
Quiescent Current – PWM
mode
IQPWM
—
220
—
µA
Measured at VOUT; EN = VIN
IOUT = 0 mA; Note 3
Quiescent Current – Shutdown
IQSHDN
—
0.7
2.3
µA
VOUT = EN = GND;
Includes N-Channel and
P-Channel Switch Leakage
NMOS Switch Leakage
INLK
—
0.3
1
µA
VIN = VSW = 5V; VOUT =
5.5V VEN = VFB = GND
PMOS Switch Leakage
IPLK
—
0.05
0.2
µA
VIN = VSW = GND;
VOUT = 5.5V
NMOS Switch ON Resistance
RDS(ON)N
—
0.6
—

VIN = 3.3V, ISW = 100 mA
PMOS Switch ON Resistance
RDS(ON)P
—
0.9
—

VIN = 3.3V, ISW = 100 mA
Feedback Input Bias Current
Note 1:
2:
3:
4:
5:
3.3 K resistive load, 3.3VOUT (1 mA).
For VIN > VOUT, VOUT will not remain in regulation.
IQ is measured from VOUT; VIN quiescent current will vary with boost ratio. VIN quiescent current can be
estimated by: (IQPFM * (VOUT/VIN)), (IQPWM * (VOUT/VIN)).
220 resistive load, 3.3VOUT (15 mA).
Peak current limit determined by characterization, not production tested.
 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS41420B-page 3
MCP1623/24
DC CHARACTERISTICS (CONTINUED)
Electrical Characteristics: Unless otherwise indicated, VIN = 1.2V, COUT = CIN = 10 µF, L = 4.7 µH, VOUT = 3.3V,
IOUT = 15 mA, TA = +25°C.
Boldface specifications apply over the TA range of -40oC to +85oC.
Parameters
Sym.
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Units
IN(MAX)
300
425
—
mA
VOUT%
-7.4
—
+7.4
%
Line Regulation
VOUT/V
OUT) /
VIN|
—
0.01
—
%/V
Load Regulation
VOUT /
VOUT|
—
0.01
—
%
Maximum Duty Cycle
DCMAX
—
90
—
%
Switching Frequency
fSW
370
EN Input Logic High
VIH
500
—
630
—
NMOS Peak Switch Current
Limit
VOUT Accuracy
Conditions
Note 5
Includes Line and Load
Regulation; VIN = 1.5V
IOUT = 50 mA
VIN = 1.5V to 3V
IOUT = 25 mA
IOUT = 25 mA to 50 mA;
VIN = 1.5V
kHz
%of VIN IOUT = 1 mA
%of VIN IOUT = 1 mA
VIL
90
—
—
20
IENLK
—
0.005
µA
VEN = 5V
Soft-start Time
tSS
—
750
—
—
µS
EN Low-to-High, 90% of
VOUT; Note 4
Thermal Shutdown Die
Temperature
TSD
—
150
—
C
TSDHYS
—
10
—
C
EN Input Logic Low
EN Input Leakage Current
Die Temperature Hysteresis
Note 1:
2:
3:
4:
5:
3.3 K resistive load, 3.3VOUT (1 mA).
For VIN > VOUT, VOUT will not remain in regulation.
IQ is measured from VOUT; VIN quiescent current will vary with boost ratio. VIN quiescent current can be
estimated by: (IQPFM * (VOUT/VIN)), (IQPWM * (VOUT/VIN)).
220 resistive load, 3.3VOUT (15 mA).
Peak current limit determined by characterization, not production tested.
TEMPERATURE SPECIFICATIONS
Electrical Specifications:
Parameters
Sym.
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Units
Operating Junction Temperature
Range
TJ
-40
—
+125
°C
Storage Temperature Range
TA
-65
—
+150
°C
Maximum Junction Temperature
TJ
—
—
+150
°C
JA
—
192
—
°C/W
Conditions
Temperature Ranges
Steady State
Transient
Package Thermal Resistance
Thermal Resistance, 5L-TSOT23
DS41420B-page 4
EIA/JESD51-3 Standard
 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP1623/24
2.0
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CURVES
Note:
The graphs and tables provided following this note are a statistical summary based on a limited number of
samples and are provided for informational purposes only. The performance characteristics listed herein are
not tested or guaranteed. In some graphs or tables, the data presented may be outside the specified
operating range (e.g., outside specified power supply range) and therefore outside the warranted range.
Note: Unless otherwise indicated, VIN = EN = 1.2V, COUT = CIN = 10 µF, L = 4.7 µH, VOUT = 3.3V, ILOAD = 15 mA, TA = +25°C.
27.5
VIN = 1.2V
25.0
22.5
Efficiency (%)
IQ PFM Mode (µA)
VOUT = 5.0V
VOUT = 3.3V
20.0
17.5
15.0
VOUT = 2.0V
12.5
10.0
-40
-25
-10
5
20
35
50
65
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
VIN = 1.6V
VIN = 0.8V
0.01
80
0.1
1
FIGURE 2-1:
VOUT IQ vs. Ambient
Temperature in PFM Mode.
250
Efficiency (%)
IQ PWM Mode (µA)
VOUT = 5.0V
225
VOUT = 3.3V
200
175
150
-40
-25
-10
5
20
35
50
65
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
80
VIN = 1.2V
VIN = 0.8V
0.01
0.1
1
10
100
FIGURE 2-5:
MCP1624 Efficiency vs.
IOUT, VOUT = 3.3V.
350
100
300
250
1000
IOUT (mA)
FIGURE 2-2:
VOUT IQ vs. Ambient
Temperature in PWM Mode.
VOUT = 5.0V
VOUT = 3.3V
1000
VIN = 2.5V
Ambient Temperature (°C)
VIN = 3.6V
90
80
VOUT = 2.0V
Efficiency (%)
Output Current (mA)
100
FIGURE 2-4:
MCP1624 Efficiency vs.
IOUT, VOUT = 2.0V.
300
V IN = 1.2V
10
IOUT (mA)
Ambient Temperature (°C)
275
VIN = 1.2V
200
150
100
50
VIN = 1.8V
70
VIN = 1.2V
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
Input Voltage (V)
FIGURE 2-3:
VOUT.
MCP1623/24 IOUTMAX vs.
 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.
5
0
0.01
0.1
1
10
100
1000
IOUT (mA)
FIGURE 2-6:
MCP1624 Efficiency vs.
IOUT, VOUT = 5.0V.
DS41420B-page 5
MCP1623/24
Note: Unless otherwise indicated, VIN = EN = 1.2V, COUT = CIN = 10 µF, L = 4.7 µH, VOUT = 3.3V, ILOAD = 15 mA, TA = +25°C.
100
1.00
90
80
0.85
70
Startup
VIN = 1.2V
60
50
VIN (V)
Efficiency (%)
VOUT = 3.3V
VIN = 1.6V
VIN = 0.8V
40
0.70
0.55
30
Shutdown
0.40
20
10
0
0.01
0.25
0.1
1
10
100
0
1000
20
40
IOUT (mA)
VIN = 2.5V
Efficiency (%)
VIN = 1.2V
70
60
VIN = 0.8V
50
40
30
20
10
0
0.01
525
Switching Frequency (kHz)
90
80
VOUT = 3.3V
515
510
505
500
495
490
485
480
0.1
1
10
100
-40
1000
-25
-10
100
5
20
VIN = 3.6V
60
VIN (V)
50
40
80
VOUT = 5.0V
3.5
3
VIN = 1.2V
65
FOSC vs. Ambient
4
VIN = 1.8V
70
50
4.5
90
80
35
Ambient Temperature (°C)
FIGURE 2-11:
Temperature.
FIGURE 2-8:
MCP1623 Efficiency vs.
IOUT, VOUT = 3.3V.
Efficiency (%)
100
520
IOUT (mA)
V OUT = 3.3V
2.5
2
VOUT = 2.0V
1.5
30
1
20
0.5
10
0
0.01
80
FIGURE 2-10:
Minimum Start-up and
Shutdown VIN into Resistive Load vs. IOUT.
FIGURE 2-7:
MCP1623 Efficiency vs.
IOUT, VOUT = 2.0V.
100
60
IOUT (mA)
0
0.1
1
10
100
IOUT (mA)
FIGURE 2-9:
MCP1623 Efficiency vs.
IOUT, VOUT = 5.0V.
DS41420B-page 6
1000
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
IOUT (mA)
FIGURE 2-12:
MCP1623 PWM Pulse
Skipping Mode Threshold vs. IOUT.
 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP1623/24
Note: Unless otherwise indicated, VIN = EN = 1.2V, COUT = CIN = 10 µF, L = 4.7 µH, VOUT = 3.3V, ILOAD = 15 mA, TA = +25°C.
10000
PWM / PFM
PWM ONLY
VOUT = 5.0V
IIN (µA)
1000
VOUT = 3.3V
VOUT = 2.0V
100
VOUT = 2.0V
VOUT = 3.3V
VOUT = 5.0V
10
0.8
1.1
1.4
1.7
2
2.3
2.6
2.9
3.2
3.5
VIN (V)
FIGURE 2-13:
VIN.
Input No Load Current vs.
FIGURE 2-16:
MCP1624 3.3V VOUT PFM
Mode Waveforms.
Switch Resistance (Ohms)
5
4
P - Channel
3
2
1
N - Channel
0
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
5
> VIN or VOUT
FIGURE 2-14:
N-Channel and P-Channel
RDSON vs. > of VIN or VOUT.
16
VOUT = 5.0V
14
V OUT = 3.3V
VOUT = 2.0V
12
IOUT (mA)
FIGURE 2-17:
MCP1623 3.3V VOUT
PWM Mode Waveforms.
10
8
6
4
2
0
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
VIN (V)
FIGURE 2-15:
Current vs. VIN.
PFM/PWM Threshold
 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.
FIGURE 2-18:
Waveforms.
MCP1623/24 High Load
DS41420B-page 7
MCP1623/24
Note: Unless otherwise indicated, VIN = EN = 1.2V, COUT = CIN = 10 µF, L = 4.7 µH, VOUT = 3.3V, ILOAD = 15 mA, TA = +25°C.
FIGURE 2-19:
3.3V Start-up After Enable.
FIGURE 2-22:
MCP1623 3.3V VOUT Load
Transient Waveforms.
MCP1623 PWM
FIGURE 2-20:
VENABLE.
3.3V Start-up when VIN =
FIGURE 2-21:
MCP1624 3.3V VOUT Load
Transient Waveforms.
DS41420B-page 8
FIGURE 2-23:
MCP1623 2.0V VOUT Load
Transient Waveforms.
FIGURE 2-24:
Waveforms.
3.3V VOUT Line Transient
 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP1623/24
3.0
PIN DESCRIPTIONS
The descriptions of the pins are listed in Table 3-1.
TABLE 3-1:
Pin No.
PIN FUNCTION TABLE
MCP1623/24 SOT23
Description
SW
1
Switch Node, Boost Inductor Input Pin
GND
2
Ground Pin
EN
3
Enable Control Input Pin
FB
4
Feedback Voltage Pin
VOUT
5
Output Voltage Pin
VIN
6
Input Voltage Pin
3.1
Switch Node Pin (SW)
Connect the inductor from the input voltage to the SW
pin. The SW pin carries inductor current and can be as
high as 425 mA peak. The integrated N-Channel switch
drain and integrated P-Channel switch source are internally connected at the SW node.
3.2
Ground Pin (GND)
The ground or return pin is used for circuit ground
connection. Length of trace from input cap return, output
cap return and GND pin should be made as short as
possible to minimize noise on the GND pin.
3.3
Enable Pin (EN)
The EN pin is a logic-level input used to enable or
disable device switching and lower quiescent current
while disabled. A logic high (>90% of VIN) will enable
the regulator output. A logic low (<20% of VIN) will
ensure that the regulator is disabled.
3.4
Feedback Voltage Pin (FB)
The FB pin is used to provide output voltage regulation
by using a resistor divider. The FB voltage will be 1.21V
typical with the output voltage in regulation.
3.5
Output Voltage Pin (VOUT)
The output voltage pin connects the integrated
P-Channel MOSFET to the output capacitor. The FB
voltage divider is also connected to the VOUT pin for
voltage regulation.
3.6
Power Supply Input Voltage Pin
(VIN)
Connect the input voltage source to VIN. The input
source should be decoupled to GND with a 4.7 µF
minimum capacitor.
 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS41420B-page 9
MCP1623/24
4.0
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
4.1
Device Option Overview
The MCP1623/24 family of devices is capable of low
start-up voltage and delivers high efficiency over a wide
load range for single cell, two cell, three cell alkaline,
NiMH, NiCd and single cell Li-Ion battery inputs. A high
level of integration lowers total system cost, eases
implementation and reduces board area. The devices
feature low start-up voltage, adjustable output voltage,
PWM/PFM mode operation, low IQ, integrated synchronous switch, internal compensation, low noise anti-ring
control, inrush current limit and soft start. There is one
feature option for the MCP1623/24 family: PWM/PFM
mode or PWM mode only.
4.1.1
PWM/PFM MODE OPTION
The MCP1624 devices use an automatic switchover
from PWM to PFM mode for light load conditions to
maximize efficiency over a wide range of output current.
During PFM mode, higher peak current is used to pump
the output up to the threshold limit. While operating in
PFM or PWM mode, the P-Channel switch is used as a
synchronous rectifier, turning off when the inductor
current reaches 0 mA to maximize efficiency. In PFM
mode, a comparator is used to terminate switching when
the output voltage reaches the upper threshold limit.
Once switching has terminated, the output voltage will
decay or coast down. During this period, very low IQ is
consumed from the device and input source, which
keeps power efficiency high at light load. The
disadvantages of PWM/PFM mode are higher output
ripple voltage and variable PFM mode frequency. The
PFM mode frequency is a function of input voltage,
output voltage and load. While in PFM mode, the boost
converter pumps the output up at a switching frequency
of 500 kHz.
DS41420B-page 10
4.1.2
PWM MODE ONLY OPTION
The MCP1623 devices disable PFM mode switching,
and operate only in PWM mode over the entire load
range. During periods of light load operation, the
MCP1623 continues to operate at a constant 500 kHz
switching frequency, keeping the output ripple voltage
lower than PFM mode. During PWM-only mode, the
MCP1623 P-Channel switch acts as a synchronous
rectifier by turning off to prevent reverse current flow
from the output cap back to the input in order to keep
efficiency high. For noise immunity, the N-Channel
MOSFET current sense is blanked for approximately
100 ns. With a typical minimum duty cycle of 100 ns,
the MCP1623 continues to switch at a constant
frequency under light load conditions. Figure 2-12
represents the input voltage versus load current for the
pulse-skipping threshold in PWM-only mode. At lighter
loads, the MCP1623 device begins to skip pulses.
TABLE 4-1:
Part Number
MCP1624
MCP1623
PART NUMBER SELECTION
PWM/PFM
PWM
X
X
 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP1623/24
4.2
Functional Description
During this time, the boost switch current is limited to
50% of its nominal value. Once the output voltage
reaches 1.6V, normal closed-loop PWM operation is
initiated.
The MCP1623/24 charges an internal capacitor with a
very weak current source. The voltage on this capacitor, in turn, slowly ramps the current limit of the boost
switch to its nominal value. The soft-start capacitor is
completely discharged in the event of a commanded
shutdown or a thermal shutdown.
There is no undervoltage lockout feature for the
MCP1623/24. The device will start-up at the lowest
possible voltage and run down to the lowest possible
voltage. For typical battery applications, this may result
in “motor-boating” for deeply discharged batteries.
The MCP1623/24 is a compact, high-efficiency, fixed
frequency, step-up DC-DC converter that provides an
easy-to-use power supply solution for PIC
microcontroller applications powered by either one-cell,
two-cell, or three-cell alkaline, NiCd, or NiMH, or
one-cell Li-Ion or Li-Polymer batteries.
Figure 4-1 depicts the functional block diagram of the
MCP1623/24.
4.2.1
LOW-VOLTAGE START-UP
The MCP1623/24 is capable of starting from a low input
voltage. Start-up voltage is typically 0.65V for a 3.3V
output and 1 mA resistive load.
When enabled, the internal start-up logic turns the
rectifying P-Channel switch on until the output
capacitor is charged to a value close to the input
voltage. The rectifying switch is current limited during
this time. After charging the output capacitor to the
input voltage, the device starts switching. If the input
voltage is below 1.6V, the device runs open-loop with a
fixed duty cycle of 70% until the output reaches 1.6V.
VOUT
INTERNAL
BIAS
VIN
IZERO
DIRECTION
CONTROL
SW
.3V
GATE DRIVE
AND
SHUTDOWN
CONTROL
LOGIC
EN
GND
OSCILLATOR
SOFT-START
0V
ILIMIT
ISENSE
SLOPE
COMP.

PWM/PFM
LOGIC
1.21V
FB
EA
FIGURE 4-1:
MCP1623/24 Block Diagram.
 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS41420B-page 11
MCP1623/24
4.2.2
PWM MODE OPERATION
In normal PWM operation, the MCP1623/24 operates
as a fixed frequency, synchronous boost converter. The
switching frequency is internally maintained with a
oscillator typically set to 500 kHz. The MCP1623
device will operate in PWM-only mode even during
periods of light load operation. By operating in
PWM-only mode, the output ripple remains low and the
frequency is constant. Operating in fixed PWM mode
results in lower efficiency during light load operation
(when compared to PFM mode (MCP1624).
Lossless current sensing converts the peak current signal to a voltage to sum with the internal slope compensation. This summed signal is compared to the voltage
error amplifier output to provide a peak current control
command for the PWM signal. The slope
compensation is adaptive to the input and output
voltage. Therefore, the converter provides the proper
amount of slope compensation to ensure stability, but is
not excessive, which causes a loss of phase margin.
The peak current limit is set to 425 mA typical.
4.2.3
PFM MODE OPERATION
The MCP1624 device is capable of operating in normal
PWM mode and PFM mode to maintain high efficiency
at all loads. In PFM mode, the output ripple has a variable frequency component that changes with the input
voltage and output current. With no load, the quiescent
current draw from the output is typically 19 µA. The
PFM mode can be disabled in selected device options.
PFM operation is initiated if the output load current falls
below an internally programmed threshold. The output
voltage is continuously monitored. When the output
voltage drops below its nominal value, PFM operation
pulses one or several times to bring the output back
into regulation. If the output load current rises above
the upper threshold, the MCP1624 transitions smoothly
into PWM mode.
4.2.4
ADJUSTABLE OUTPUT VOLTAGE
The MCP1623/24 output voltage is adjustable with a
resistor divider over a 2.0V minimum to 5.5V maximum
range. High value resistors are recommended to minimize quiescent current to keep efficiency high at light
loads.
4.2.5
ENABLE/OUTPUT DISCONNECT
The enable pin is used to turn the boost converter on
and off. The enable threshold voltage varies with input
voltage. To enable the boost converter, the EN voltage
level must be greater than 90% of the VIN voltage. To
disable the boost converter, the EN voltage must be
less than 20% of the VIN voltage.
DS41420B-page 12
The MCP1623/24 devices incorporate a true output
disconnect feature. With the EN pin pulled low, the
output of the MCP1623/24 is isolated or disconnected
from the input by turning off the integrated P-Channel
switch and removing the switch bulk diode connection.
This removes the DC path typical in boost converters,
which allows the output to be disconnected from the
input. During this mode, less than 1 µA of current is
consumed from the input (battery). True output disconnect does not discharge the output; the output voltage
is held up by the external COUT capacitance.
4.2.6
INTERNAL BIAS
The MCP1623/24 gets its start-up bias from VIN. Once
the output exceeds the input, bias comes from the
output. Therefore, once started, operation is
completely independent of VIN. Operation is only
limited by the output power level and the input source
series resistance. Once started, the output will remain
in regulation down to 0.35V typical with 1 mA output
current for low source impedance inputs.
4.2.7
INTERNAL COMPENSATION
The error amplifier, with its associated compensation
network, completes the closed loop system by comparing the output voltage to a reference at the input of
the error amplifier, and feeding the amplified and
inverted signal to the control input of the inner current
loop. The compensation network provides phase leads
and lags at appropriate frequencies to cancel excessive phase lags and leads of the power circuit. All necessary compensation components and slope
compensation are integrated.
4.2.8
SHORT CIRCUIT PROTECTION
Unlike most boost converters, the MCP1623/24 allows
its output to be shorted during normal operation. The
internal current limit and overtemperature protection limit
excessive stress and protect the device during periods
of short circuit, overcurrent and overtemperature.
4.2.9
LOW NOISE OPERATION
The MCP1623/24 integrates a low noise anti-ring
switch that damps the oscillations typically observed at
the switch node of a boost converter when operating in
the Discontinuous Inductor Current mode. This
removes the high frequency radiated noise.
4.2.10
OVERTEMPERATURE
PROTECTION
Overtemperature protection circuitry is integrated in the
MCP1623/24. This circuitry monitors the device junction
temperature and shuts the device off if the junction
temperature exceeds the typical +150oC threshold. If
this threshold is exceeded, the device will automatically
restart once the junction temperature drops by 10oC.
The soft start is reset during an overtemperature
condition.
 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP1623/24
5.0
APPLICATION INFORMATION
5.1
Typical Applications
The MCP1623/24 synchronous boost regulator operates over a wide input voltage and output voltage
range. The power efficiency is high for several decades
of load range. Output current capability increases with
input voltage and decreases with increasing output
voltage. The maximum output current is based on the
N-Channel peak current limit. Typical characterization
curves in this data sheet are presented to display the
typical output current capability.
5.2
Adjustable Output Voltage
Calculations
To calculate the resistor divider values for the
MCP1623/24, the following equation can be used.
Where RTOP is connected to VOUT, RBOT is connected
to GND and both are connected to the FB input pin.
EQUATION 5-1:
V OUT 
R TOP = R BOT   -----------–1
 V FB- 
Example A:
VOUT = 3.3V
VFB = 1.21V
RBOT = 309 k
RTOP = 533.7 k (Standard Value = 536 k)
5.3
Input Capacitor Selection
The boost input current is smoothed by the boost
inductor reducing the amount of filtering necessary at
the input. Some capacitance is recommended to
provide decoupling from the source. Low ESR X5R or
X7R are well suited since they have a low temperature
coefficient and small size. For most applications,
4.7 µF of capacitance is sufficient at the input. For high
power applications that have high source impedance or
long leads, connecting the battery to the input 10 µF of
capacitance is recommended. Additional input
capacitance can be added to provide a stable input
voltage.
Table 5-1 contains the recommended range for the
input capacitor value.
5.4
Output Capacitor Selection
The output capacitor helps provide a stable output
voltage during sudden load transients and reduces the
output voltage ripple. As with the input capacitor, X5R
and X7R ceramic capacitors are well suited for this
application.
The MCP1623/24 is internally compensated so output
capacitance range is limited. See Table 5-1 for the recommended output capacitor range.
While the N-Channel switch is on, the output current is
supplied by the output capacitor COUT. The amount of
output capacitance and equivalent series resistance
will have a significant effect on the output ripple
voltage. While COUT provides load current, a voltage
drop also appears across its internal ESR that results
in ripple voltage.
Example B:
VOUT = 5.0V
EQUATION 5-2:
VFB = 1.21V
dV
I OUT = C OUT   -------
dt
RBOT = 309 k
RTOP = 967.9 k (Standard Value = 976 k)
There are some potential issues with higher value
resistors. For small surface mount resistors,
environment contamination can create leakage paths
that significantly change the resistor divider that effect
the output voltage. The FB input leakage current can
also impact the divider and change the output voltage
tolerance.
Where dV represents the ripple voltage and dt
represents the ON time of the N-Channel switch (D *
1/FSW).
Table 5-1 contains the recommended range for the
input and output capacitor value.
TABLE 5-1:
CAPACITOR VALUE RANGE
CIN
 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.
COUT
Min
4.7 µF
10 µF
Max
none
100 µF
DS41420B-page 13
MCP1623/24
5.5
Inductor Selection
The MCP1623/24 is designed to be used with small
surface mount inductors; the inductance value can
range from 2.2 µH to 10 µH. An inductance value of
4.7 µH is recommended to achieve a good balance
between inductor size, converter load transient
response and minimized noise.
TABLE 5-2:
Part
Number
MCP1623/24 RECOMMENDED
INDUCTORS
Value
(µH)
DCR
 (typ)
ISAT
(A)
Size
WxLxH (mm)
ME3220
4.7
0.190
1.5
2.5x3.2x2.0
LPS3015
4.7
0.200
1.2
3.0x3.0x1.5
EPL3012
4.7
0.165
1.0
3.0x3.0x1.3
XPL2010
4.7
0.336
0.75
1.9x2.0x1.0
SD3110
4.7
0.285
0.68
3.1x3.1x1.0
SD3112
4.7
0.246
0.80
3.1x3.1x1.2
SD3114
4.7
0.251
1.14
3.1x3.1x1.4
Value
(µH)
DCR

(max)
ISAT
(A)
Size
WxLxH (mm)
Coilcraft®
Coiltronics®
Part
Number
Wurth Elektronik®
WE-TPC
Type TH
4.7
0.200
0.8
2.8x2.8x1.35
WE-TPC
Type S
4.7
0.105
0.90
3.8x3.8x1.65
WE-TPC
Type M
4.7
0.082
1.65
4.8x4.8x1.8
Value
(µH)
DCR

(max)
ISAT
(A)
Size
WxLxH (mm)
4.7
0.537
0.70
2.3x2.3x1.0
CMD4D06
4.7
0.216
0.75
3.5x4.3x0.8
CDRH4D
4.7
0.09
0.800
4.6x4.6x1.5
B82462A2
472M000
4.7
0.084
2.00
6.0x6.0x2.5
B82462G4
472M
4.7
0.04
1.8
6.3x6.3x3.0
Part
Number
Peak current is the maximum or limit, and saturation
current typically specifies a point at which the inductance has rolled off a percentage of the rated value.
This can range from a 20% to 40% reduction in inductance. As inductance rolls off, the inductor ripple current increases as does the peak switch current. It is
important to keep the inductance from rolling off too
much, causing switch current to reach the peak limit.
5.6
Thermal Calculations
By calculating the power dissipation and applying the
package thermal resistance, (JA), the junction temperature is estimated. The maximum continuous junction
temperature rating for the MCP1623/24 is +125oC.
To quickly estimate the internal power dissipation for
the switching boost regulator, an empirical calculation
using measured efficiency can be used. Given the
measured efficiency, the internal power dissipation is
estimated by Equation 5-3.
EQUATION 5-3:
OUT  I OUT
V
----------------------------- Efficiency- –  V OUT  I OUT  = P Dis
The difference between the first term, input power, and
the second term, power delivered, is the internal
MCP1623/24 power dissipation. This is an estimate
assuming that most of the power lost is internal to the
MCP1623/24 and not CIN, COUT and the inductor.
There is some percentage of power lost in the boost
inductor, with very little loss in the input and output
capacitors. For a more accurate estimation of internal
power dissipation, subtract the IINRMS2*LESR power
dissipation.
Sumida®
CMH23
EPCOS®
Several parameters are used to select the correct
inductor: maximum rated current, saturation current
and copper resistance (ESR). For boost converters, the
inductor current can be much higher than the output
current. The lower the inductor ESR, the higher the
efficiency of the converter, a common trade-off in size
versus efficiency.
DS41420B-page 14
 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP1623/24
5.7
PCB Layout Information
Good printed circuit board layout techniques are
important to any switching circuitry and switching
power supplies are no different. When wiring the
switching high current paths, short and wide traces
should be used. Therefore, it is important that the input
and output capacitors be placed as close as possible to
the MCP1623/24 to minimize the loop area.
The feedback resistors and feedback signal should be
routed away from the switching node and the switching
current loop. When possible, ground planes and traces
should be used to help shield the feedback signal and
minimize noise and magnetic interference.
Via to GND Plane
RBOT RTOP
+VIN
+VOUT
L
CIN
MCP1623/24
1
GND
FIGURE 5-1:
COUT
GND
Via for Enable
MCP1623/24 SOT-23-6 Recommended Layout.
 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS41420B-page 15
MCP1623/24
NOTES:
DS41420B-page 16
 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP1623/24
6.0
PACKAGING INFORMATION
6.1
Package Marking Information (Not to Scale)
6-Lead SOT-23
Example
XXNN
CJNN
Package Marking
MCP1623
HUNN
MCP1624
CJNN
Legend: XX...X
Y
YY
WW
NNN
e3
*
Note:
Customer-specific information
Year code (last digit of calendar year)
Year code (last 2 digits of calendar year)
Week code (week of January 1 is week ‘01’)
Alphanumeric traceability code
Pb-free JEDEC designator for Matte Tin (Sn)
This package is Pb-free. The Pb-free JEDEC designator ( e3)
can be found on the outer packaging for this package.
In the event the full Microchip part number cannot be marked on one line, it will
be carried over to the next line, thus limiting the number of available
characters for customer-specific information.
 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS41420B-page 17
MCP1623/24
6-Lead Plastic Small Outline Transistor (CHY) [SOT-23]
Note:
For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at
http://www.microchip.com/packaging
b
4
N
E
E1
PIN 1 ID BY
LASER MARK
1
2
3
e
e1
D
A
A2
c
φ
L
A1
L1
Units
Dimension Limits
Number of Pins
MILLIMETERS
MIN
N
NOM
MAX
6
Pitch
e
0.95 BSC
Outside Lead Pitch
e1
1.90 BSC
Overall Height
A
0.90
–
Molded Package Thickness
A2
0.89
–
1.45
1.30
Standoff
A1
0.00
–
0.15
Overall Width
E
2.20
–
3.20
Molded Package Width
E1
1.30
–
1.80
Overall Length
D
2.70
–
3.10
Foot Length
L
0.10
–
0.60
Footprint
L1
0.35
–
0.80
Foot Angle
0°
–
30°
Lead Thickness
c
0.08
–
0.26
Lead Width
b
0.20
–
0.51
Notes:
1. Dimensions D and E1 do not include mold flash or protrusions. Mold flash or protrusions shall not exceed 0.127 mm per side.
2. Dimensioning and tolerancing per ASME Y14.5M.
BSC: Basic Dimension. Theoretically exact value shown without tolerances.
Microchip Technology Drawing C04-028B
DS41420B-page 18
 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP1623/24
6-Lead Plastic Small Outline Transistor (CHY) [SOT-23]
Note:
For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at
http://www.microchip.com/packaging
 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS41420B-page 19
MCP1623/24
NOTES:
DS41420B-page 20
 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP1623/24
APPENDIX A:
REVISION HISTORY
Revision A (05/2010)
• Original Release of this Document.
Revision B (07/2010)
• Updated packaging specification.
 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS41420B-page 21
MCP1623/24
NOTES:
DS41420B-page 22
 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP1623/24
PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM
To order or obtain information, e.g., on pricing or delivery, refer to the factory or the listed sales office.
PART NO.
X
X
/XX
Device
Tape
and Reel
Temperature
Range
Package
Device:
MCP1623:
MCP1623T:
MCP1624:
MCP1624T:
=
0.65V, PWM/PFM True Disconnect,
Sync Boost Regulator
0.65V, PWM/PFM True Disconnect,
Sync Boost Regulator (Tape and Reel)
0.65V, PWM Only True Disconnect,
Sync Boost Regulator
0.65V, PWM Only True Disconnect,
Sync Boost Regulator (Tape and Reel)
Temperature
Range:
I
Package:
CHY = Plastic Small Outline Transistor (SOT-23), 6-lead
Examples:
a)
MCP1623T-I/CHY:
b)
MCP1624T-I/CHY:
Tape and Reel,
0.65V, Sync Reg.,
6LD SOT-23 package
Tape and Reel,
0.65V, Sync Reg.,
6LD SOT-23 package
-40C to +85C (Industrial)
 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS41420B-page 23
MCP1623/24
NOTES:
DS41420B-page 24
 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.
Note the following details of the code protection feature on Microchip devices:
•
Microchip products meet the specification contained in their particular Microchip Data Sheet.
•
Microchip believes that its family of products is one of the most secure families of its kind on the market today, when used in the
intended manner and under normal conditions.
•
There are dishonest and possibly illegal methods used to breach the code protection feature. All of these methods, to our
knowledge, require using the Microchip products in a manner outside the operating specifications contained in Microchip’s Data
Sheets. Most likely, the person doing so is engaged in theft of intellectual property.
•
Microchip is willing to work with the customer who is concerned about the integrity of their code.
•
Neither Microchip nor any other semiconductor manufacturer can guarantee the security of their code. Code protection does not
mean that we are guaranteeing the product as “unbreakable.”
Code protection is constantly evolving. We at Microchip are committed to continuously improving the code protection features of our
products. Attempts to break Microchip’s code protection feature may be a violation of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act. If such acts
allow unauthorized access to your software or other copyrighted work, you may have a right to sue for relief under that Act.
Information contained in this publication regarding device
applications and the like is provided only for your convenience
and may be superseded by updates. It is your responsibility to
ensure that your application meets with your specifications.
MICROCHIP MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR
WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND WHETHER EXPRESS OR
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OTHERWISE, RELATED TO THE INFORMATION,
INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ITS CONDITION,
QUALITY, PERFORMANCE, MERCHANTABILITY OR
FITNESS FOR PURPOSE. Microchip disclaims all liability
arising from this information and its use. Use of Microchip
devices in life support and/or safety applications is entirely at
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suits, or expenses resulting from such use. No licenses are
conveyed, implicitly or otherwise, under any Microchip
intellectual property rights.
Trademarks
The Microchip name and logo, the Microchip logo, dsPIC,
KEELOQ, KEELOQ logo, MPLAB, PIC, PICmicro, PICSTART,
PIC32 logo, rfPIC and UNI/O are registered trademarks of
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MXDEV, MXLAB, SEEVAL and The Embedded Control
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Analog-for-the-Digital Age, Application Maestro, CodeGuard,
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ECONOMONITOR, FanSense, HI-TIDE, In-Circuit Serial
Programming, ICSP, Mindi, MiWi, MPASM, MPLAB Certified
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Generation, PICC, PICC-18, PICDEM, PICDEM.net, PICkit,
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TSHARC, UniWinDriver, WiperLock and ZENA are
trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the
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SQTP is a service mark of Microchip Technology Incorporated
in the U.S.A.
All other trademarks mentioned herein are property of their
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© 2010, Microchip Technology Incorporated, Printed in the
U.S.A., All Rights Reserved.
Printed on recycled paper.
ISBN: 978-1-60932-408-7
Microchip received ISO/TS-16949:2002 certification for its worldwide
headquarters, design and wafer fabrication facilities in Chandler and
Tempe, Arizona; Gresham, Oregon and design centers in California
and India. The Company’s quality system processes and procedures
are for its PIC® MCUs and dsPIC® DSCs, KEELOQ® code hopping
devices, Serial EEPROMs, microperipherals, nonvolatile memory and
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and manufacture of development systems is ISO 9001:2000 certified.
 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS41420B-page 25
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DS41420B-page 26
 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.