MICROCHIP HCS361

HCS361
KEELOQ® Code Hopping Encoder
FEATURES
Security
•
•
•
•
•
•
Programmable 28/32-bit serial number
Programmable 64-bit encryption key
Each transmission is unique
67-bit transmission code length
32-bit hopping code
35-bit fixed code (28/32-bit serial number,
4/0-bit function code, 1-bit status, 2-bit CRC)
• Encryption keys are read protected
Operating
DESCRIPTION
The HCS361 is a code hopping encoder designed for
secure Remote Keyless Entry (RKE) systems. The
HCS361 utilizes the KEELOQ® code hopping technology, which incorporates high security, a small package
outline and low cost, to make this device a perfect
solution for unidirectional remote keyless entry systems and access control systems.
PACKAGE TYPES
PDIP, SOIC
Other
•
•
•
•
•
•
Easy to use programming interface
On-chip EEPROM
On-chip oscillator and timing components
Button inputs have internal pull-down resistors
Current limiting on LED output
Minimum component count
S0
1
S1
2
S2
3
S3
4
48-bit seed vs. 32-bit seed
2-bit CRC for error detection
28/32-bit serial number select
Two seed transmission methods
PWM and VPWM modulation
Wake-up signal in VPWM mode
IR Modulation mode
VDD
7
LED
6
DATA
5
VSS
HCS361 BLOCK DIAGRAM
Oscillator
Power
latching
and
switching
Controller
RESET circuit
LED
LED driver
Enhanced Features Over HCS300
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
8
HCS361
• 2.0-6.6V operation
• Four button inputs
- 15 functions available
• Selectable baud rate
• Automatic code word completion
• Battery low signal transmitted to receiver
• Nonvolatile synchronization data
• PWM and VPWM modulation
EEPROM
Encoder
DATA
32-bit shift register
VSS
Button input port
VDD
Typical Applications
S3 S2
The HCS361 is ideal for Remote Keyless Entry (RKE)
applications. These applications include:
•
•
•
•
•
•
Automotive RKE systems
Automotive alarm systems
Automotive immobilizers
Gate and garage door openers
Identity tokens
Burglar alarm systems
© 2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
S1 S0
DESCRIPTION
The HCS361 combines a 32-bit hopping code
generated by a nonlinear encryption algorithm, with a
28/32-bit serial number and 7/3 status bits to create a
67-bit transmission stream.
DS40146F-page 1
HCS361
The crypt key, serial number and configuration data are
stored in an EEPROM array which is not accessible via
any external connection. The EEPROM data is programmable but read protected. The data can be verified only after an automatic erase and programming
operation. This protects against attempts to gain
access to keys or manipulate synchronization values.
The HCS361 provides an easy-to-use serial interface
for programming the necessary keys, system parameters and configuration data.
1.0
SYSTEM OVERVIEW
Key Terms
The following is a list of key terms used throughout this
data sheet. For additional information on KEELOQ and
Code Hopping, refer to Technical Brief 3 (TB003).
• RKE - Remote Keyless Entry
• Button Status - Indicates what button input(s)
activated the transmission. Encompasses the 4
button status bits S3, S2, S1 and S0 (Figure 3-2).
• Code Hopping - A method by which a code,
viewed externally to the system, appears to
change unpredictably each time it is transmitted.
• Code word - A block of data that is repeatedly
transmitted upon button activation (Figure 3-2).
• Transmission - A data stream consisting of
repeating code words (Figure 9-1).
• Crypt key - A unique and secret 64-bit number
used to encrypt and decrypt data. In a symmetrical block cipher such as the KEELOQ algorithm,
the encryption and decryption keys are equal and
will therefore be referred to generally as the crypt
key.
• Encoder - A device that generates and encodes
data.
• Encryption Algorithm - A recipe whereby data is
scrambled using a crypt key. The data can only be
interpreted by the respective decryption algorithm
using the same crypt key.
• Decoder - A device that decodes data received
from an encoder.
• Decryption algorithm - A recipe whereby data
scrambled by an encryption algorithm can be
unscrambled using the same crypt key.
• Learn – Learning involves the receiver calculating
the transmitter’s appropriate crypt key, decrypting
the received hopping code and storing the serial
number, synchronization counter value and crypt
key in EEPROM. The KEELOQ product family facilitates several learning strategies to be implemented on the decoder. The following are
examples of what can be done.
- Simple Learning
The receiver uses a fixed crypt key, common
to all components of all systems by the same
manufacturer, to decrypt the received code
word’s encrypted portion.
- Normal Learning
The receiver uses information transmitted
during normal operation to derive the crypt
key and decrypt the received code word’s
encrypted portion.
- Secure Learn
The transmitter is activated through a special
button combination to transmit a stored 60-bit
seed value used to generate the transmitter’s
crypt key. The receiver uses this seed value
to derive the same crypt key and decrypt the
received code word’s encrypted portion.
• Manufacturer’s code – A unique and secret 64bit number used to generate unique encoder crypt
keys. Each encoder is programmed with a crypt
key that is a function of the manufacturer’s code.
Each decoder is programmed with the manufacturer code itself.
The HCS361 code hopping encoder is designed specifically for keyless entry systems; primarily vehicles and
home garage door openers. The encoder portion of a
keyless entry system is integrated into a transmitter,
carried by the user and operated to gain access to a
vehicle or restricted area. The HCS361 is meant to be
a cost-effective yet secure solution to such systems,
requiring very few external components (Figure 2-1).
Most low-end keyless entry transmitters are given a
fixed identification code that is transmitted every time a
button is pushed. The number of unique identification
codes in a low-end system is usually a relatively small
number. These shortcomings provide an opportunity
for a sophisticated thief to create a device that ‘grabs’
a transmission and retransmits it later, or a device that
quickly ‘scans’ all possible identification codes until the
correct one is found.
The HCS361, on the other hand, employs the KEELOQ
code hopping technology coupled with a transmission
length of 66 bits to virtually eliminate the use of code
‘grabbing’ or code ‘scanning’. The high security level of
the HCS361 is based on the patented KEELOQ technology. A block cipher based on a block length of 32 bits
and a key length of 64 bits is used. The algorithm
obscures the information in such a way that even if the
transmission information (before coding) differs by only
one bit from that of the previous transmission, the next
DS40146F-page 2
© 2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
HCS361
coded transmission will be completely different. Statistically, if only one bit in the 32-bit string of information
changes, greater than 50 percent of the coded transmission bits will change.
As indicated in the block diagram on page one, the
HCS361 has a small EEPROM array which must be
loaded with several parameters before use; most often
programmed by the manufacturer at the time of production. The most important of these are:
The crypt key generation typically inputs the transmitter
serial number and 64-bit manufacturer’s code into the
key generation algorithm (Figure 1-1). The manufacturer’s code is chosen by the system manufacturer and
must be carefully controlled as it is a pivotal part of the
overall system security.
• A 28-bit serial number, typically unique for every
encoder
• A crypt key
• An initial 16-bit synchronization value
• A 16-bit configuration value
FIGURE 1-1:
CREATION AND STORAGE OF CRYPT KEY DURING PRODUCTION
Production
Programmer
HCS361
Transmitter
Serial Number
EEPROM Array
Serial Number
Crypt Key
Sync Counter
Manufacturer’s
Code
Key
Generation
Algorithm
The 16-bit synchronization counter is the basis behind
the transmitted code word changing for each transmission; it increments each time a button is pressed. Due
to the code hopping algorithm’s complexity, each increment of the synchronization value results in greater
than 50% of the bits changing in the transmitted code
word.
Figure 1-2 shows how the key values in EEPROM are
used in the encoder. Once the encoder detects a button
press, it reads the button inputs and updates the synchronization counter. The synchronization counter and
crypt key are input to the encryption algorithm and the
output is 32 bits of encrypted information. This data will
change with every button press, its value appearing
externally to ‘randomly hop around’, hence it is referred
to as the hopping portion of the code word. The 32-bit
hopping code is combined with the button information
and serial number to form the code word transmitted to
the receiver. The code word format is explained in
greater detail in Section 4.2.
Crypt
Key
.
.
.
A transmitter must first be ‘learned’ by the receiver
before its use is allowed in the system. Learning
includes calculating the transmitter’s appropriate crypt
key, decrypting the received hopping code and storing
the serial number, synchronization counter value and
crypt key in EEPROM.
In normal operation, each received message of valid
format is evaluated. The serial number is used to determine if it is from a learned transmitter. If from a learned
transmitter, the message is decrypted and the synchronization counter is verified. Finally, the button status is
checked to see what operation is requested. Figure 1-3
shows the relationship between some of the values
stored by the receiver and the values received from
the transmitter.
A receiver may use any type of controller as a decoder,
but it is typically a microcontroller with compatible firmware that allows the decoder to operate in conjunction
with an HCS361 based transmitter. Section 7.0
provides detail on integrating the HCS361 into a system.
© 2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS40146F-page 3
HCS361
FIGURE 1-2:
BUILDING THE TRANSMITTED CODE WORD (ENCODER)
EEPROM Array
KEELOQ®
Encryption
Algorithm
Crypt Key
Sync Counter
Serial Number
Button Press
Information
Serial Number
32 Bits
Encrypted Data
Transmitted Information
FIGURE 1-3:
BASIC OPERATION OF RECEIVER (DECODER)
1 Received Information
EEPROM Array
Button Press
Information
Serial Number
2
32 Bits of
Encrypted Data
Manufacturer Code
Check for
Match
Serial Number
Sync Counter
Crypt Key
3
KEELOQ®
Decryption
Algorithm
Decrypted
Synchronization
Counter
4
Check for
Match
Perform Function
5 Indicated by
button press
NOTE: Circled numbers indicate the order of execution.
DS40146F-page 4
© 2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
HCS361
2.0
DEVICE OPERATION
As shown in the typical application circuits (Figure 2-1),
the HCS361 is a simple device to use. It requires only
the addition of buttons and RF circuitry for use as the
transmitter in your security application. A description of
each pin is described in Table 2-1.
FIGURE 2-1:
Typical circuits
VDD
B0
S0
VDD
B1
S1
LED
S2
DATA
S3
VSS
Tx out
discrimination value and button information will be
encrypted to form the hopping code. The hopping code
portion will change every transmission, even if the
same button is pushed again. A code word that has
been transmitted will not repeat for more than 64K
transmissions. This provides more than 18 years of use
before a code is repeated; based on 10 operations per
day. Overflow information sent from the encoder can be
used to extend the number of unique transmissions to
more than 192K.
If in the transmit process it is detected that a new button(s) has been pressed, a RESET will immediately
occur and the current code word will not be completed.
Please note that buttons removed will not have any
effect on the code word unless no buttons remain
pressed; in which case the code word will be completed
and the power-down will occur.
FIGURE 2-2:
Two button remote control
Power-Up
(A button has been pressed)
VDD
B4 B3 B2 B1 B0
ENCODER OPERATION
RESET and Debounce Delay
(10 ms)
S0
VDD
S1
LED
S2
DATA
S3
VSS
Sample Inputs
Update Sync Info
Tx out
Encrypt With
Crypt Key
Five button remote control (Note1)
Note:
TABLE 2-1:
PIN DESCRIPTIONS
Name
Pin
Number
S0
1
Switch input 0
S1
2
Switch input 1
S2
3
Switch input 2 / Clock pin when in
Programming mode
S3
Load Transmit Register
Up to 15 functions can be implemented by pressing
more than one button simultaneously or by using a
suitable diode array.
Description
4
Switch input 3
VSS
5
Ground reference
DATA
6
Data output pin /Data I/O pin for
Programming mode
LED
7
Cathode connection for LED
VDD
8
Positive supply voltage
Transmit
Yes
Buttons
Added
?
No
No
All
Buttons
Released
?
Yes
Complete Code
Word Transmission
Stop
The HCS361 will wake-up upon detecting a button
press and delay approximately 10 ms for button
debounce (Figure 2-2). The synchronization counter,
© 2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS40146F-page 5
HCS361
3.0
EEPROM MEMORY
ORGANIZATION
3.2
SYNC_A, SYNC_B
(Synchronization Counter)
The HCS361 contains 192 bits (12 x 16-bit words) of
EEPROM memory (Table 3-1). This EEPROM array is
used to store the encryption key information,
synchronization value, etc. Further descriptions of the
memory array is given in the following sections.
This is the 16-bit synchronization value that is used to
create the hopping code for transmission. This value is
incremented after every transmission. Separate synchronization counters can be used to stay synchronized with different receivers.
TABLE 3-1:
3.3
EEPROM MEMORY MAP
WORD
MNEMONIC
ADDRESS
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
3.1
DESCRIPTION
64-bit crypt key
(word 0) LSb’s
KEY_1
64-bit crypt key
(word 1)
KEY_2
64-bit crypt key
(word 2)
KEY_3
64-bit crypt key
(word 3) MSb’s
SYNC_A
16-bit synch counter
SYNC_B/ 16-bit synch counter B
SEED_2
or Seed value (word 2)
RESERVED Set to 0000H
SEED_0
Seed Value
(word 0) LSb’s
SEED_1
Seed Value
(word 1) MSb’s
SER_0
Device Serial Number
(word 0) LSb’s
SER_1
Device Serial Number
(word 1) MSb’s
CONFIG
Configuration Word
KEY_0
SEED_0, SEED_1, and SEED_2
(Seed Word)
The three word (48 bits) seed code will be transmitted
when seed transmission is selected. This allows the system designer to implement the Secure Learn feature or
use this fixed code word as part of a different key generation/tracking process or purely as a fixed code transmission.
Note:
3.4
Since SEED2 and SYNC_B share the
same memory location, Secure Learn and
Independent mode transmission (including
IR mode) are mutually exclusive.
SER_0, SER_1
(Encoder Serial Number)
SER_0 and SER_1 are the lower and upper words of
the device serial number, respectively. There are 32
bits allocated for the Serial Number and a selectable
configuration bit determines whether 32 or 28 bits will
be transmitted. The serial number is meant to be
unique for every transmitter.
KEY_0 - KEY_3 (64-Bit Crypt Key)
The 64-bit crypt key is used to create the encrypted
message transmitted to the receiver. This key is calculated and programmed during production using a key
generation algorithm. The key generation algorithm
may be different from the KEELOQ algorithm. Inputs to
the key generation algorithm are typically the transmitter’s serial number and the 64-bit manufacturer’s code.
While the key generation algorithm supplied from
Microchip is the typical method used, a user may elect
to create their own method of key generation. This may
be done providing that the decoder is programmed with
the same means of creating the key for
decryption purposes.
DS40146F-page 6
© 2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
HCS361
3.5
CONFIG
(Configuration Word)
The Configuration Word is a 16-bit word stored in
EEPROM array that is used by the device to store
information used during the encryption process, as well
as the status of option configurations. Further
explanations of each of the bits are described in the
following sections.
TABLE 3-1:
CONFIGURATION WORD
Bit Number Symbol
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
3.5.1
Bit Description
BACW Blank Alternate Code Word
BSEL
Baud Rate Selection
TXWAK PWM mode: 1/6, 2/6 or 1/3,
2/3 select
VPWM mode: Wake-up
enable
SPM
Sync Pulse Modulation
SEED
Seed Transmission enable
DELM
Delay mode enable
TIMO
Time-out enable
IND
Independent mode enable
USRA0
User bit
USRA1
User bit
USRB0
User bit
USRB1
User bit
XSER
Extended serial number
enable
TMPSD
Temporary seed
transmission enable
MOD
Modulation format select
OVR
Overflow bit
MOD: MODULATION FORMAT
MOD selects between VPWM modulation and PWM
modulation format.
If MOD = 1, VPWM modulation is selected as well as
the following:
1.
2.
Enables the TXWAK bit to select the WAKE-UP
transmission.
Extends the Guard Time.
If MOD = 0, PWM modulation is selected.
3.5.2
BSEL: BAUD RATE SELECT
BSEL selects the baud rate. If BSEL = 1, the baud rate
is nominally 1667 bits per second and with BSEL = 0,
833 bits per second.
3.5.3
TXWAK: BIT FORMAT SELECT OR
WAKE-UP
In VPWM mode, this bit enables the wake-up signal.
If TXWAK = 0, transmissions start normally with the
preamble portion of the code word.
If TXWAK = 1, transmissions start with a Wake-up
sequence followed by a dead time (see Figure 4-2).
Note:
The Wake-up sequence is transmitted
before the first code word of each transmission only.
The following tables summarize the combined effect of
TXWAK, BSEL and MOD option bits.
TABLE 3-1:
MOD TXWAK
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
TABLE 3-2:
MOD TXWAK
1
1
1
1
3.5.4
0
0
1
1
PWM OPTIONS
BSEL
TE
Duty Cycle
0
1
0
1
400us
200us
200us
100us
1/3-2/3
1/3-2/3
1/6-2/6
1/6-2/6
VPWM OPTIONS
BSEL
TE
Wake-up
0
1
0
1
400us
200us
400us
200us
NO
NO
YES
YES
SPM: SYNC PULSE MODULATION
Select Modulation mode of Sync Pulse. If SPM = 1, the
sync pulse is modulated (Figure 4-1 and Figure 4-2).
3.5.5
OVR: OVERFLOW
The overflow bit is used to extend the number of possible synchronization values. The synchronization counter is 16 bits in length, yielding 65,536 values before the
cycle repeats. Under typical use of 10 operations a day,
this will provide nearly 18 years of use before a
repeated value will be used. Should the system
designer conclude that is not adequate, then the overflow bit can be utilized to extend the number of unique
values. This can be done by programming OVR to 1 at
the time of production. The encoder will automatically
clear OVR the first time that the transmitted synchronization value wraps from 0xFFFF to 0x0000. Once
cleared, OVR cannot be set again, thereby creating a
permanent record of the counter overflow. This prevents fast cycling of 64K counter. If the decoder system
is programmed to track the overflow bits, then the effective number of unique synchronization values can be
extended to 128K. If programmed to zero, the system
will be compatible with old encoder devices.
In PWM mode, this bit selects the bit format.
If TXWAK = 0, the PWM pulse duty cycle is 1/3-2/3.
If TXWAK = 1, the PWM pulse duty cycle is 1/6-2/6.
© 2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS40146F-page 7
HCS361
3.5.6
BACW: BLANK ALTERNATE CODE
WORD
BACW = 1 selects the encoder to transmit every second code word. This can be used to reduce the average power transmitted over a 100 ms window and
thereby transmit a higher peak power (see
Section 5.2).
3.5.7
XSER: EXTENDED SERIAL
NUMBER
If XSER = 0, the four Most Significant bits of the Serial
Number are substituted by S[3:0] and the code word
format is compatible with the HCS200/300/301.
If XSER = 1, the full 32-bit Serial Number [SER_1,
SER_0] is transmitted.
Note:
Since the button status S[3:0] is used to
detect a Seed transmission, Extended
Serial Number and Secure Learn are
mutually exclusive.
FIGURE 3-2:
3.5.8
DISCRIMINATION VALUE
While in other KEELOQ encoders its value is user
selectable, the HCS361 uses directly the 8 Least Significant bits of the Serial Number as part of the information that form the encrypted portion of the
transmission (Figure 3-2).
The discrimination value aids the post-decryption
check on the decoder end. After the receiver has
decrypted a transmission, the discrimination bits are
checked against the encoder Serial Number to verify
that the decryption process was valid.
3.5.9
USRA,B: USER BITS
User bits form part of the discrimination value. The user
bits together with the IND bit can be used to identify the
counter that is used in Independent mode.
CODE WORD ORGANIZATION
XSER=0
Fixed Code Portion of Transmission
CRC
(2-bit)
Button
Status
(4 bits)
VLOW
(1-bit)
28-bit
Serial Number
Encrypted Portion of Transmission
Discrimination
bits
(12 bits)
Button
Status
(4 bits)
16-bit
Sync Value
MSB
LSB
67 bits
of Data
Transmitted
XSER=1
Fixed Code Portion of Transmission
CRC
(2-bit)
VLOW
(1-bit)
32-bit
Extended Serial Number
Encrypted Portion of Transmission
Discrimination
bits
(12 bits)
Button
Status
(4 bits)
16-bit
Sync Value
MSB
LSB
Button Status
(4 bits)
S S S
2 1 0
DS40146F-page 8
S
3
Discrimination Bits
I
N
D
O
V
R
U
S
R
1
(12 bits)
U S
S E
R R
0 7
S
E
R
6
...
...
...
...
S
E
R
0
© 2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
HCS361
3.5.10
SEED: ENABLE SEED
TRANSMISSION
If SEED = 0, seed transmission is disabled. The Independent Counter mode can only be used with seed
transmission disabled since SEED_2 is shared with the
second synchronization counter.
With SEED = 1, seed transmission is enabled. The
appropriate button code(s) must be activated to transmit the seed information. In this mode, the seed infor-
FIGURE 3-3:
mation (SEED_0, SEED_1, and SEED_2) and the
upper 12 or 16 bits of the serial number (SER_1)are
transmitted instead of the hop code.
Seed transmission is available for function codes
(Table 3-2) S[3:0] = 1001 and S[3:0] = 0011 (delayed).
This takes place regardless of the setting of the IND bit.
The two seed transmissions are shown in Figure 3-3.
Seed Transmission
All examples shown with XSER = 1, SEED = 1
When S[3:0] = 1001, delay is not applicable.
CRC+VLOW
SER_1
SEED_2
SEED_1
SEED_0
Data transmission direction
For S[3:0] = 0x3 before delay:
16-bit Data Word
16-bit Counter
Encrypt
CRC+VLOW
SER_1
SER_0
Encrypted Data
Data transmission direction
For S[3:0] = 0011 after delay (Note 1, Note 2):
CRC+VLOW
SER_1
SEED_2
SEED_1
SEED_0
Data transmission direction
Note 1: For Seed Transmission, SEED_2 is transmitted instead of SER_0.
2: For Seed Transmission, the setting of DELM has no effect.
3.5.11
TMPSD: TEMPORARY SEED
TRANSMISSION
The temporary seed transmission can be used to disable learning after the transmitter has been used for a
programmable number of operations. This feature can
be used to implement very secure systems. After learning is disabled, the seed information cannot be
accessed even if physical access to the transmitter is
possible. If TMPSD = 1 the seed transmission will be
disabled after a number of code hopping transmissions. The number of transmissions before seed transmission is disabled, can be programmed by setting the
synchronization counter (SYNC_A or SYNC_B) to a
value as shown in Table 3-4.
© 2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
TABLE 3-4:
SYNCHRONOUS COUNTER
INITIALIZATION VALUES
Synchronous Counter
Values
Number of
Transmissions
0000H
128
0060H
64
0050H
32
0048H
16
DS40146F-page 9
HCS361
3.5.12
DELM: DELAY MODE
If DELM = 0, delay transmission is disabled (Table 31).
If DELM = 1, delay transmission is enabled. A delayed
transmission is indicated by inverting the lower nibble
of the discrimination value. The Delay mode is primarily
for compatibility with previous KEELOQ devices.
TABLE 3-1:
TYPICAL DELAY TIMES
TXWAK
BSEL
Number of Code Words before
Delay Mode
Time Before Delay Mode (MOD = 0)
0
0
28
≈ 2.8s
0
1
56
≈ 2.9s
1
0
28
≈ 2.6s
1
1
56
≈ 2.8s
3.5.13
TIMO: TIME-OUT
OR AUTO-SHUTOFF
the LED is turned off. Current consumption will be
higher than in Standby mode since current will flow
through the activated input resistors. This state can be
exited only after all inputs are taken low. TIMO = 0, will
enable continuous transmission (Table 3-5).
If TIMO = 1, the time-out is enabled. Time-out can be
used to terminate accidental continuous transmissions.
When time-out occurs, the PWM output is set low and
TABLE 3-5:
TYPICAL TIME-OUT TIMES
TXWAK
BSEL
Maximum Number of Code Words
Transmitted
Time Before Time-out (MOD = 0)
0
0
256
≈ 25.6s
0
1
512
≈ 27.2s
1
0
256
≈ 23.8s
1
1
512
≈ 25.4s
DS40146F-page 10
© 2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
HCS361
3.5.14
IND: INDEPENDENT MODE
TABLE 3-1:
The Independent mode can be used where one
encoder is used to control two receivers. Two counters
(SYNC_A and SYNC_B) are used in Independent
mode. As indicated in Table 3-2, function codes 1 to 7
use SYNC_A and 8 to 15 SYNC_B.
3.5.15
IR MODULATION
TE
Basic Pulse
400us
(400μs)
(16x)
Period = 25μs
INFRARED MODE
200us
The Independent mode also selects IR mode. In IR
mode function codes 12 to 15 will use counter B. The
PWM output signal is modulated with a 40 kHz carrier
(see Table 3-1). It must be pointed out that the 40 kHz
is derived from the internal clock and will therefore vary
with the same percentage as the baud rate. If IND = 0,
SYNC_A is used for all function codes. If IND = 1, Independent mode is enabled and counters for functions
are used according to Table 3-2.
TABLE 3-2:
100us
(200μs)
(8x)
(100μs)
(4x)
FUNCTION CODES
S3
S2
S1
S0
IND = 0
IND = 1
Comments
Counter
1
0
0
0
1
A
A
2
0
0
1
0
A
A
3
0
0
1
1
A
A
4
0
1
0
0
A
A
5
0
1
0
1
A
A
6
0
1
1
0
A
A
7
0
1
1
1
A
A
8
1
0
0
0
A
B
9
1
0
0
1
A
B
10
1
0
1
0
A
B
11
1
0
1
1
A
B
12
1
1
0
0
A
B(1)
13
1
1
0
1
A
B(1)
14
1
1
1
0
A
B(1)
15
1
1
1
1
A
B(1)
If SEED = 1, transmit seed after delay.(1)
If SEED = 1, transmit seed immediately.(1)
Note 1: IR mode
© 2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS40146F-page 11
HCS361
4.0
TRANSMITTED WORD
4.2
4.1
Transmission Format (PWM)
The HCS361 transmits a 67-bit code word when a button is pressed. The 67-bit word is constructed from a
Fixed Code portion and an Encrypted Code portion
(Figure 3-2).
The HCS361 transmission is made up of several parts
(Figure 4-1 and Figure 4-2). Each transmission is
begun with a preamble and a header, followed by the
encrypted and then the fixed data. The actual data is
67 bits which consists of 32 bits of encrypted data and
35 bits of fixed data. Each transmission is followed by
a guard period before another transmission can begin.
Refer to Table 9-6 and Table 9-6 for transmission timing specifications. The encrypted portion provides up to
four billion changing code combinations and includes
the function bits (based on which buttons were activated) along with the synchronization counter value
and discrimination value. The non-encrypted portion is
comprised of the CRC bits, VLOW bits, the function bits
and the 28/32-bit serial number. The encrypted and
non-encrypted sections combined increase the number
of combinations to 1.47 x 1020.
FIGURE 4-1:
Code Word Organization
The Encrypted Data is generated from 4 function bits,
2 user bits, overflow bit, Independent mode bit, and 8
serial number bits, and the 16-bit synchronization value
(Figure 9-4).
The Non-encrypted Code Data is made up of VLOW
bit, 2 CRC bits, 4 function bits, and the 28-bit serial
number. If the extended serial number (32 bits) is
selected, the 4 function code bits will not be transmitted.
PWM Transmission Format (MOD = 0)
TRANSMISSION SEQUENCE:
1st CODE WORD
Preamble Header Encrypt
Fixed
Guard
Preamble Header Encrypt
LOGIC 0
CODE WORD:
TE
LOGIC 1
Duty Cycle: 1/3-2/3
(TXWAK=0)
TBP=3XTE
TBP
LOGIC 0
TE LOGIC 1
Duty Cycle: 1/6-2/6
(TXWAK=1)
TBP=6XTE
TXWAK=0
1
TBP
TBP
10
6
SPM=1
TXWAK=1
SPM=0
33% Duty Cycle
18xTE Preamble
DS40146F-page 12
Encrypted Portion
10xTE Sync 10xTE Header
Pulse
Code Word
Fixed Code Portion
Guard
Time
© 2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
HCS361
FIGURE 4-2:
VPWM TRANSMISSION FORMAT (MOD = 1)
VPWM TRANSMISSION SEQUENCE:
1st CODE WORD
WAKE-UP (TXWAK=1)
Dead Time
Preamble Header Encrypt Fixed
Guard
Preamble Header Encrypt
TE
WAKE-UP:
TBP
TBP
1
84
33% Duty Cycle Wake-Up sequence 250xTE
LOGIC 0
TE
VPWM BIT ENCODING:
Dead Time 258xTE
LOGIC 1
on Transition Low to High
TBP
2XTE
on Transition High to Low
TE
LOGIC 0
TBP
TBP
TE
LOGIC 1
TBP
2XTE
CODE WORD:
TBP
10
6
1
SPM=1
SPM=0
18xTE Preamble
10xTE Sync 10xTE Header
Pulse
Encrypted Portion
Fixed Code Portion
Guard
Time
Code Word
© 2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS40146F-page 13
HCS361
5.0
SPECIAL FEATURES
5.1
Code Word Completion
5.3
Code word completion is an automatic feature that
ensures that the entire code word is transmitted, even
if the button is released before the transmission is complete and that a minimum of two words are completed.
The HCS361 encoder powers itself up when a button is
pushed and powers itself down after the current transmission is finished, if the user has already released the
button. If the button is held down beyond the time for
two transmissions, then multiple transmissions will
result. The HCS361 transmits at least two transmissions before powering down. If another button is activated during a transmission, the active transmission
will be aborted and the new code will be generated
using the new button information.
5.2
Blank Alternate Code Word
Federal Communications Commission (FCC) part 15
rules specify the limits on fundamental power and
harmonics that can be transmitted. Power is calculated
on the worst case average power transmitted in a 100
ms window. It is therefore advantageous to minimize
the duty cycle of the transmitted word. This can be
achieved by minimizing the duty cycle of the individual
bits and by blanking out consecutive words. Blank
Alternate Code Word (BACW) is used for reducing the
average power of a transmission (Figure 5-1). This is a
selectable feature. Using the BACW allows the user to
transmit a higher amplitude transmission if the
transmission length is shorter. The FCC puts
constraints on the average power that can be
transmitted by a device, and BACW effectively
prevents continuous transmission by only allowing the
transmission of every second word. This reduces the
average power transmitted and hence, assists in FCC
approval of a transmitter device.
FIGURE 5-1:
CRC (Cycle Redundancy Check)
Bits
The CRC bits are calculated on the 65 previously transmitted bits. The CRC bits can be used by the receiver
to check the data integrity before processing starts. The
CRC can detect all single bit and 66% of double bit
errors. The CRC is computed as follows:
EQUATION 5-1:
CRC Calculation
CRC [ 1 ] n + 1 = CRC [ 0 ] n ∧ Di n
and
CRC [ 0 ]n + 1 = ( CRC [ 0 ] n ∧ Di n ) ∧ CRC [ 1 ]n
with
CRC [ 1, 0 ] 0 = 0
and
Din the nth transmission bit 0 ð n ð 64
Note: The CRC may be wrong when the battery
voltage is around either of the VLOW trip
points. This may happen because VLOW is
sampled twice each transmission, once for
the CRC calculation (PWM is low) and once
when VLOW is transmitted (PWM is high).
VDD tends to move slightly during a transmission which could lead to a different value for
VLOW being used for the CRC calculation
and the transmission
.
Work around: If the CRC calculation is incorrect, recalculate for the opposite value of
VLOW.
BLANK ALTERNATE CODE WORD (BACW)
Amplitude
BRS = 0
BRS = 1
A
Code Word
Code Word
Code Word
Code Word
2A
Time
DS40146F-page 14
© 2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
HCS361
5.4
Auto-shutoff
The Auto-shutoff function automatically stops the
device from transmitting if a button inadvertently gets
pressed for a long period of time. This will prevent the
device from draining the battery if a button gets
pressed while the transmitter is in a pocket or purse.
This function can be enabled or disabled and is
selected by setting or clearing the time-out bit
(Section 3.5.13). Setting this bit will enable the function
(turn Auto-shutoff function on) and clearing the bit will
disable the function. Time-out period is approximately
25 seconds.
5.5
VLOW: Voltage LOW Indicator
FIGURE 5-2:
VLOW Trip Point VS.
Temperature
4.5
VLOW=0
Nominal Trip Point
3.8V
4
3.5
3.5
VLOW=1
3
2.5
2
VLOW=0
2V
Nominal Trip
Point
1.5
The VLOW bit is transmitted with every transmission
(Figure 3-2) and will be transmitted as a one if the
operating voltage has dropped below the low voltage
trip point, typically 3.8V at 25°C. This VLOW signal is
transmitted so the receiver can give an indication to the
user that the transmitter battery is low.
If the supply voltage drops below the low voltage trip
point, the LED output will be toggled at approximately
1Hz during the transmission.
5.6
TABLE 5-1:
LED Output Operation
During normal transmission the LED output is LOW
while the data is being transmitted and high during the
guard time. Two voltage indications are combined into
one bit: VLOW. Table 5-1 indicates the operation value
of VLOW while data is being transmitted.
-40
25
85
VLOW AND LED VS. VDD
Approximate
Supply Voltage
Vlow Bit
LED Operation*
Max →3.8V
0
Normal
3.8V →2.2V
1
Flashing
2.2V →Min
0
Normal
*See also FLASH operating modes.
© 2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS40146F-page 15
HCS361
6.0
PROGRAMMING THE HCS361
by clocking in 16 bits at a time, followed by the word’s
complement using S3 or S2 as the clock line and PWM
as the data in line. After each 16-bit word is loaded, a
programming delay is required for the internal program
cycle to complete. An Acknowledge bit can be read
back after the programming delay (TWC). After the first
word and its complement have been downloaded, an
automatic bulk write is performed. This delay can take
up to Twc. At the end of the programming cycle, the
device can be verified (Figure 6-1) by reading back the
EEPROM. Reading is done by clocking the S3 line and
reading the data bits on PWM. For security reasons, it
is not possible to execute a Verify function without first
programming the EEPROM. A Verify operation can
only be done once, immediately following the Program cycle.
When using the HCS361 in a system, the user will have
to program some parameters into the device including
the serial number and the secret key before it can be
used. The programming cycle allows the user to input
all 192 bits in a serial data stream, which are then
stored internally in EEPROM. Programming will be
initiated by forcing the PWM line high, after the S3 line
has been held high for the appropriate length of time.
S0 should be held low during the entire program cycle.
The S1 line on the HCS361 part needs to be set or
cleared depending on the LS bit of the memory map
(Key 0) before the key is clocked in to the HCS361. S1
must remain at this level for the duration of the programming cycle. The device can then be programmed
FIGURE 6-1:
Programming Waveforms
Enter Program
Mode
DATA
(Data)
Bit 0
T2
Acknowledge Pulse
TWC
Bit 1
Bit 2
TCLKL
Bit 3
Bit 14 Bit 15
TDH
TCLKH
Bit 0
Bit 1 Bit 2
Bit 3
Bit 14 Bit 15
Bit 16 Bit 17
S2/S3
(Clock)
T1
TDS
Bit 0 of Word0
S1
Data for Word 1
Data for Word 0 (KEY_0)
Repeat for each word
Note 1: Unused button inputs to be held to ground during the entire programming sequence.
The VDD pin must be taken to ground after a program/verify cycle.
2: The VDD pin must be taken to ground after a Program/Verify cycle.
FIGURE 6-2:
Verify Waveforms
End of Programming Cycle
Beginning of Verify Cycle
Data from Word0
DATA
(Data)
Bit190 Bit191
Ack
TWC
Bit 0
Bit 1 Bit 2
Bit 3
Bit 14
Bit 15
Bit 16 Bit 17
Bit190 Bit191
TDV
S2/S3
(Clock)
S1
Note: A Verify sequence is performed only once immediately after the Program cycle.
DS40146F-page 16
© 2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
HCS361
TABLE 6-3:
PROGRAMMING/VERIFY TIMING REQUIREMENTS
VDD = 5.0V ± 10%
25° C ± 5 ° C
Parameter
Program mode setup time
Hold time 1
Symbol
Min.
Max.
Units
T2
0
4.0
ms
T1
9.0
—
ms
TWC
TCLKL
TCLKH
TDS
50
50
50
0
—
—
—
—
ms
μs
μs
μs(1)
Data hold time
TDH
30
—
μs(1)
Data out valid time
TDV
—
30
μs(1)
Program cycle time
Clock low time
Clock high time
Data setup time
Note 1: Typical values - not tested in production.
© 2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS40146F-page 17
HCS361
7.0
INTEGRATING THE HCS361
INTO A SYSTEM
Use of the HCS361 in a system requires a compatible
decoder. This decoder is typically a microcontroller with
compatible firmware. Microchip will provide (via a
license agreement) firmware routines that accept
transmissions from the HCS361 and decrypt the
hopping code portion of the data stream. These
routines provide system designers the means to
develop their own decoding system.
7.1
Learning a Transmitter to a
Receiver
A transmitter must first be 'learned' by a decoder before
its use is allowed in the system. Several learning strategies are possible, Figure 7-1 details a typical learn
sequence. Core to each, the decoder must minimally
store each learned transmitter's serial number and current synchronization counter value in EEPROM. Additionally, the decoder typically stores each transmitter's
unique crypt key. The maximum number of learned
transmitters will therefore be relative to the available
EEPROM.
A transmitter's serial number is transmitted in the clear
but the synchronization counter only exists in the code
word's encrypted portion. The decoder obtains the
counter value by decrypting using the same key used
to encrypt the information. The KEELOQ algorithm is a
symmetrical block cipher so the encryption and decryption keys are identical and referred to generally as the
crypt key. The encoder receives its crypt key during
manufacturing. The decoder is programmed with the
ability to generate a crypt key as well as all but one
required input to the key generation routine; typically
the transmitter's serial number.
Figure 7-1 summarizes a typical learn sequence. The
decoder receives and authenticates a first transmission; first button press. Authentication involves generating the appropriate crypt key, decrypting, validating
the correct key usage via the discrimination bits and
buffering the counter value. A second transmission is
received and authenticated. A final check verifies the
counter values were sequential; consecutive button
presses. If the learn sequence is successfully complete, the decoder stores the learned transmitter's
serial number, current synchronization counter value
and appropriate crypt key. From now on the crypt key
will be retrieved from EEPROM during normal operation instead of recalculating it for each transmission
received.
FIGURE 7-1:
TYPICAL LEARN
SEQUENCE
Enter Learn
Mode
Wait for Reception
of a Valid Code
Generate Key
from Serial Number
Use Generated Key
to Decrypt
Compare Discrimination
Value with Fixed Value
Equal
?
No
Yes
Wait for Reception
of Second Valid Code
Use Generated Key
to Decrypt
Compare Discrimination
Value with Fixed Value
Equal
?
No
Yes
Counters
Sequential
?
Yes
No
Learn successful Store:
Learn
Unsuccessful
Serial number
Encryption key
Synchronization counter
Exit
Certain learning strategies have been patented and
care must be taken not to infringe.
DS40146F-page 18
© 2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
HCS361
7.2
Decoder Operation
7.3
Figure 7-2 summarizes normal decoder operation. The
decoder waits until a transmission is received. The
received serial number is compared to the EEPROM
table of learned transmitters to first determine if this
transmitter's use is allowed in the system. If from a
learned transmitter, the transmission is decrypted
using the stored crypt key and authenticated via the
discrimination bits for appropriate crypt key usage. If
the decryption was valid the synchronization value is
evaluated.
FIGURE 7-2:
TYPICAL DECODER
OPERATION
Start
No
Transmission
Received
?
Yes
No
Is
Decryption
Valid
?
Yes
No
Is
Counter
Within 16
?
Yes
No
No
Is
Counter
Within 32K
?
Yes
Save Counter
in Temp Location
© 2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
The KEELOQ technology patent scope includes a
sophisticated synchronization technique that does not
require the calculation and storage of future codes. The
technique securely blocks invalid transmissions while
providing transparent resynchronization to transmitters
inadvertently activated away from the receiver.
Figure 7-3 shows a 3-partition, rotating synchronization
window. The size of each window is optional but the
technique is fundamental. Each time a transmission is
authenticated, the intended function is executed and
the transmission's synchronization counter value is
stored in EEPROM. From the currently stored counter
value there is an initial "Single Operation" forward window of 16 codes. If the difference between a received
synchronization counter and the last stored counter is
within 16, the intended function will be executed on the
single button press and the new synchronization counter will be stored. Storing the new synchronization
counter value effectively rotates the entire synchronization window.
A "Double Operation" (resynchronization) window further exists from the Single Operation window up to 32K
codes forward of the currently stored counter value. It
is referred to as "Double Operation" because a transmission with synchronization counter value in this window will require an additional, sequential counter
transmission prior to executing the intended function.
Upon receiving the sequential transmission the
decoder executes the intended function and stores the
synchronization counter value. This resynchronization
occurs transparently to the user as it is human nature
to press the button a second time if the first was unsuccessful.
Does
Serial Number
Match
?
Yes
Decrypt Transmission
No
Synchronization with Decoder
(Evaluating the Counter)
Execute
Command
and
Update
Counter
The third window is a "Blocked Window" ranging from
the double operation window to the currently stored
synchronization counter value. Any transmission with
synchronization counter value within this window will
be ignored. This window excludes previously used,
perhaps code-grabbed transmissions from accessing
the system.
Note:
The synchronization method described in
this section is only a typical implementation
and because it is usually implemented in
firmware, it can be altered to fit the needs
of a particular system.
DS40146F-page 19
HCS361
FIGURE 7-3:
SYNCHRONIZATION WINDOW
Entire Window
rotates to eliminate
use of previously
used codes
Blocked
Window
(32K Codes)
Double Operation
(resynchronization)
Window
(32K Codes)
DS40146F-page 20
Stored
Synchronization
Counter Value
Single Operation
Window
(16 Codes)
© 2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
HCS361
8.0
DEVELOPMENT SUPPORT
The PIC® microcontrollers and dsPIC® digital signal
controllers are supported with a full range of software
and hardware development tools:
• Integrated Development Environment
- MPLAB® IDE Software
• Compilers/Assemblers/Linkers
- MPLAB C Compiler for Various Device
Families
- HI-TECH C for Various Device Families
- MPASMTM Assembler
- MPLINKTM Object Linker/
MPLIBTM Object Librarian
- MPLAB Assembler/Linker/Librarian for
Various Device Families
• Simulators
- MPLAB SIM Software Simulator
• Emulators
- MPLAB REAL ICE™ In-Circuit Emulator
• In-Circuit Debuggers
- MPLAB ICD 3
- PICkit™ 3 Debug Express
• Device Programmers
- PICkit™ 2 Programmer
- MPLAB PM3 Device Programmer
• Low-Cost Demonstration/Development Boards,
Evaluation Kits, and Starter Kits
8.1
MPLAB Integrated Development
Environment Software
The MPLAB IDE software brings an ease of software
development previously unseen in the 8/16/32-bit
microcontroller market. The MPLAB IDE is a Windows®
operating system-based application that contains:
• A single graphical interface to all debugging tools
- Simulator
- Programmer (sold separately)
- In-Circuit Emulator (sold separately)
- In-Circuit Debugger (sold separately)
• A full-featured editor with color-coded context
• A multiple project manager
• Customizable data windows with direct edit of
contents
• High-level source code debugging
• Mouse over variable inspection
• Drag and drop variables from source to watch
windows
• Extensive on-line help
• Integration of select third party tools, such as
IAR C Compilers
The MPLAB IDE allows you to:
• Edit your source files (either C or assembly)
• One-touch compile or assemble, and download to
emulator and simulator tools (automatically
updates all project information)
• Debug using:
- Source files (C or assembly)
- Mixed C and assembly
- Machine code
MPLAB IDE supports multiple debugging tools in a
single development paradigm, from the cost-effective
simulators, through low-cost in-circuit debuggers, to
full-featured emulators. This eliminates the learning
curve when upgrading to tools with increased flexibility
and power.
© 2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS40146F-page 21
HCS361
8.2
MPLAB C Compilers for Various
Device Families
The MPLAB C Compiler code development systems
are complete ANSI C compilers for Microchip’s PIC18,
PIC24 and PIC32 families of microcontrollers and the
dsPIC30 and dsPIC33 families of digital signal controllers. These compilers provide powerful integration
capabilities, superior code optimization and ease of
use.
For easy source level debugging, the compilers provide
symbol information that is optimized to the MPLAB IDE
debugger.
8.3
HI-TECH C for Various Device
Families
The HI-TECH C Compiler code development systems
are complete ANSI C compilers for Microchip’s PIC
family of microcontrollers and the dsPIC family of digital
signal controllers. These compilers provide powerful
integration capabilities, omniscient code generation
and ease of use.
For easy source level debugging, the compilers provide
symbol information that is optimized to the MPLAB IDE
debugger.
The compilers include a macro assembler, linker, preprocessor, and one-step driver, and can run on multiple
platforms.
8.4
MPASM Assembler
The MPASM Assembler is a full-featured, universal
macro assembler for PIC10/12/16/18 MCUs.
The MPASM Assembler generates relocatable object
files for the MPLINK Object Linker, Intel® standard HEX
files, MAP files to detail memory usage and symbol
reference, absolute LST files that contain source lines
and generated machine code and COFF files for
debugging.
The MPASM Assembler features include:
8.5
MPLINK Object Linker/
MPLIB Object Librarian
The MPLINK Object Linker combines relocatable
objects created by the MPASM Assembler and the
MPLAB C18 C Compiler. It can link relocatable objects
from precompiled libraries, using directives from a
linker script.
The MPLIB Object Librarian manages the creation and
modification of library files of precompiled code. When
a routine from a library is called from a source file, only
the modules that contain that routine will be linked in
with the application. This allows large libraries to be
used efficiently in many different applications.
The object linker/library features include:
• Efficient linking of single libraries instead of many
smaller files
• Enhanced code maintainability by grouping
related modules together
• Flexible creation of libraries with easy module
listing, replacement, deletion and extraction
8.6
MPLAB Assembler, Linker and
Librarian for Various Device
Families
MPLAB Assembler produces relocatable machine
code from symbolic assembly language for PIC24,
PIC32 and dsPIC devices. MPLAB C Compiler uses
the assembler to produce its object file. The assembler
generates relocatable object files that can then be
archived or linked with other relocatable object files and
archives to create an executable file. Notable features
of the assembler include:
•
•
•
•
•
•
Support for the entire device instruction set
Support for fixed-point and floating-point data
Command line interface
Rich directive set
Flexible macro language
MPLAB IDE compatibility
• Integration into MPLAB IDE projects
• User-defined macros to streamline
assembly code
• Conditional assembly for multi-purpose
source files
• Directives that allow complete control over the
assembly process
DS40146F-page 22
© 2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
HCS361
8.7
MPLAB SIM Software Simulator
The MPLAB SIM Software Simulator allows code
development in a PC-hosted environment by simulating the PIC® MCUs and dsPIC® DSCs on an instruction
level. On any given instruction, the data areas can be
examined or modified and stimuli can be applied from
a comprehensive stimulus controller. Registers can be
logged to files for further run-time analysis. The trace
buffer and logic analyzer display extend the power of
the simulator to record and track program execution,
actions on I/O, most peripherals and internal registers.
The MPLAB SIM Software Simulator fully supports
symbolic debugging using the MPLAB C Compilers,
and the MPASM and MPLAB Assemblers. The software simulator offers the flexibility to develop and
debug code outside of the hardware laboratory environment, making it an excellent, economical software
development tool.
8.8
MPLAB REAL ICE In-Circuit
Emulator System
MPLAB REAL ICE In-Circuit Emulator System is
Microchip’s next generation high-speed emulator for
Microchip Flash DSC and MCU devices. It debugs and
programs PIC® Flash MCUs and dsPIC® Flash DSCs
with the easy-to-use, powerful graphical user interface of
the MPLAB Integrated Development Environment (IDE),
included with each kit.
The emulator is connected to the design engineer’s PC
using a high-speed USB 2.0 interface and is connected
to the target with either a connector compatible with incircuit debugger systems (RJ11) or with the new highspeed, noise tolerant, Low-Voltage Differential Signal
(LVDS) interconnection (CAT5).
The emulator is field upgradable through future firmware
downloads in MPLAB IDE. In upcoming releases of
MPLAB IDE, new devices will be supported, and new
features will be added. MPLAB REAL ICE offers
significant advantages over competitive emulators
including low-cost, full-speed emulation, run-time
variable watches, trace analysis, complex breakpoints, a
ruggedized probe interface and long (up to three meters)
interconnection cables.
© 2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
8.9
MPLAB ICD 3 In-Circuit Debugger
System
MPLAB ICD 3 In-Circuit Debugger System is Microchip's most cost effective high-speed hardware
debugger/programmer for Microchip Flash Digital Signal Controller (DSC) and microcontroller (MCU)
devices. It debugs and programs PIC® Flash microcontrollers and dsPIC® DSCs with the powerful, yet easyto-use graphical user interface of MPLAB Integrated
Development Environment (IDE).
The MPLAB ICD 3 In-Circuit Debugger probe is connected to the design engineer's PC using a high-speed
USB 2.0 interface and is connected to the target with a
connector compatible with the MPLAB ICD 2 or MPLAB
REAL ICE systems (RJ-11). MPLAB ICD 3 supports all
MPLAB ICD 2 headers.
8.10
PICkit 3 In-Circuit Debugger/
Programmer and
PICkit 3 Debug Express
The MPLAB PICkit 3 allows debugging and programming of PIC® and dsPIC® Flash microcontrollers at a
most affordable price point using the powerful graphical
user interface of the MPLAB Integrated Development
Environment (IDE). The MPLAB PICkit 3 is connected
to the design engineer's PC using a full speed USB
interface and can be connected to the target via an
Microchip debug (RJ-11) connector (compatible with
MPLAB ICD 3 and MPLAB REAL ICE). The connector
uses two device I/O pins and the reset line to implement in-circuit debugging and In-Circuit Serial Programming™.
The PICkit 3 Debug Express include the PICkit 3, demo
board and microcontroller, hookup cables and CDROM
with user’s guide, lessons, tutorial, compiler and
MPLAB IDE software.
DS40146F-page 23
HCS361
8.11
PICkit 2 Development
Programmer/Debugger and
PICkit 2 Debug Express
The PICkit™ 2 Development Programmer/Debugger is
a low-cost development tool with an easy to use interface for programming and debugging Microchip’s Flash
families of microcontrollers. The full featured
Windows® programming interface supports baseline
(PIC10F,
PIC12F5xx,
PIC16F5xx),
midrange
(PIC12F6xx, PIC16F), PIC18F, PIC24, dsPIC30,
dsPIC33, and PIC32 families of 8-bit, 16-bit, and 32-bit
microcontrollers, and many Microchip Serial EEPROM
products. With Microchip’s powerful MPLAB Integrated
Development Environment (IDE) the PICkit™ 2
enables in-circuit debugging on most PIC® microcontrollers. In-Circuit-Debugging runs, halts and single
steps the program while the PIC microcontroller is
embedded in the application. When halted at a breakpoint, the file registers can be examined and modified.
The PICkit 2 Debug Express include the PICkit 2, demo
board and microcontroller, hookup cables and CDROM
with user’s guide, lessons, tutorial, compiler and
MPLAB IDE software.
8.12
MPLAB PM3 Device Programmer
The MPLAB PM3 Device Programmer is a universal,
CE compliant device programmer with programmable
voltage verification at VDDMIN and VDDMAX for
maximum reliability. It features a large LCD display
(128 x 64) for menus and error messages and a modular, detachable socket assembly to support various
package types. The ICSP™ cable assembly is included
as a standard item. In Stand-Alone mode, the MPLAB
PM3 Device Programmer can read, verify and program
PIC devices without a PC connection. It can also set
code protection in this mode. The MPLAB PM3
connects to the host PC via an RS-232 or USB cable.
The MPLAB PM3 has high-speed communications and
optimized algorithms for quick programming of large
memory devices and incorporates an MMC card for file
storage and data applications.
DS40146F-page 24
8.13
Demonstration/Development
Boards, Evaluation Kits, and
Starter Kits
A wide variety of demonstration, development and
evaluation boards for various PIC MCUs and dsPIC
DSCs allows quick application development on fully functional systems. Most boards include prototyping areas for
adding custom circuitry and provide application firmware
and source code for examination and modification.
The boards support a variety of features, including LEDs,
temperature sensors, switches, speakers, RS-232
interfaces, LCD displays, potentiometers and additional
EEPROM memory.
The demonstration and development boards can be
used in teaching environments, for prototyping custom
circuits and for learning about various microcontroller
applications.
In addition to the PICDEM™ and dsPICDEM™ demonstration/development board series of circuits, Microchip
has a line of evaluation kits and demonstration software
for analog filter design, KEELOQ® security ICs, CAN,
IrDA®, PowerSmart battery management, SEEVAL®
evaluation system, Sigma-Delta ADC, flow rate
sensing, plus many more.
Also available are starter kits that contain everything
needed to experience the specified device. This usually
includes a single application and debug capability, all
on one board.
Check the Microchip web page (www.microchip.com)
for the complete list of demonstration, development
and evaluation kits.
© 2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
HCS361
9.0
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
TABLE 9-1:
Note:
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Symbol
Item
Rating
Units
VDD
Supply voltage
-0.3 to 6.9
V
VIN
Input voltage
-0.3 to VDD + 0.3
V
VOUT
Output voltage
-0.3 to VDD + 0.3
V
IOUT
Max output current
25
mA
TSTG
Storage temperature
-55 to +125
°C (Note)
TLSOL
Lead soldering temp
300
°C (Note)
VESD
ESD rating
4000
V
Stresses above those listed under “ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS” may cause permanent damage to the
device.
TABLE 9-2:
Commercial
Industrial
DC CHARACTERISTICS
(C): Tamb = 0° C to +70° C
(I): Tamb = -40° C to +85° C
2.0V < VDD < 3.3
Parameter
Sym.
Operating current (avg)
Standby current
Auto-shutoff current
2,3
Min
ICC
Typ
1
0.3
Max
3.0 < VDD < 6.6
Min
Typ1
Max
Unit
0.7
1.6
mA VDD = 3.3V
VDD = 6.6V
1.2
ICCS
0.1
1.0
0.1
1.0
μA
ICCS
40
75
160
350
μA
VDD+0.3 0.55VDD
VDD+0.3
V
0.15VDD
0.15VDD
V
Conditions
High level Input voltage
VIH
0.55VDD
Low level input voltage
VIL
-0.3
High level output voltage
VOH
0.7VDD
Low level output voltage
VOL
LED sink current
ILED
0.15
1.0
4.0
0.15
1.0
4.0
mA VLED4 = 1.5V, VDD = 6.6V
Pull-Down
Resistance; S0-S3
RS0-3
40
60
80
40
60
80
KΩ VDD = 4.0V
Pull-Down
Resistance; PWM
RPWM
80
120
160
80
120
160
KΩ VDD = 4.0V
Note 1:
2:
3:
4:
-0.3
0.7VDD
0.08VDD
0.08VDD
V
IOH = -1.0 mA, VDD = 2.0V
IOH = -2.0 mA, VDD = 6.6V
V
IOL = 1.0 mA, VDD = 2.0V
IOL = 2.0 mA, VDD = 6.6V
Typical values are at 25° C.
Auto-shutoff current specification does not include the current through the input pull-down resistors.
Auto-shutoff current is periodically sampled and not 100% tested
VLED is the voltage between the VDD pin and the LED pin.
© 2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS40146F-page 25
HCS361
FIGURE 9-1:
POWER-UP AND TRANSMIT TIMING
Button Press
Detect
Multiple Code Word Transmission
TBP
TTD
TDB
PWM
Output
Code
Word
1
Code
Word
2
Code
Word
3
Code
Word
n
Code
Word
4
TTO
Button
Input
Sn
TABLE 9-3:
POWER-UP AND TRANSMIT TIMING REQUIREMENTS
VDD = +2.0 to 6.6V
Commercial (C): Tamb = 0° C to +70° C
Industrial
(I): Tamb = -40° C to +85° C
Parameter
Symbol
Min
Max
Unit
Remarks
Time to second button press
TBP
10 + Code
Word Time
26 + Code
Word Time
ms
(Note 1)
Transmit delay from button detect
TTD
4.5
26
ms
(Note 2)
Debounce delay
TDB
4
13
ms
Auto-shutoff time-out period
TTO
15
35
s
(Note 3)
Note 1: TBP is the time in which a second button can be pressed without completion of the first code word and the
intention was to press the combination of buttons.
2: Transmit delay maximum value if the previous transmission was successfully transmitted.
3: The Auto-shutoff time-out period is not tested.
DS40146F-page 26
© 2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
HCS361
FIGURE 9-2:
PWM FORMAT SUMMARY (MOD = 0)
LOGIC 0
CODE WORD:
TE
LOGIC 1
Duty Cycle: 1/3-2/3
(TXWAK=0)
TBP=3XTE
LOGIC 0
TBP
TE
LOGIC 1
Duty Cycle: 1/6-2/6
(TXWAK=1)
TBP
TBP
TBP
TXWAK=0
1
10
6
SPM=1
TXWAK=1
SPM=0
33% Duty Cycle
18xTE Preamble
FIGURE 9-3:
Encrypted Portion
10xTE Sync 10xTE Header
Pulse
Code Word
Fixed Code Portion
Guard
Time
PWM PREAMBLE/HEADER FORMAT (MOD=0)
SPM = 0
SPM = 1
28xTE Preamble
FIGURE 9-4:
10xTE Sync Pulse
PWM DATA FORMAT (MOD=0)
Serial Number
MSB
LSB
Bit 0
Header
10xTE Header
Bit 1
LSB
Bit 30 Bit 31 Bit 32 Bit 33
Encrypted Portion
of Transmission
© 2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
Function Code
MSB
S3
S0
S1
Status
S2
CRC
VLOW CRC0 CRC1
Bit 58 Bit 59 Bit 60 Bit 61 Bit 62 Bit 63 Bit 64 Bit 65 Bit 66
Fixed Portion of Transmission
Guard
Time
DS40146F-page 27
HCS361
FIGURE 9-5:
VPWM FORMAT SUMMARY (MOD = 1)
1st CODE WORD
WAKE-UP (TXWAK=1)
Preamble Sync
Dead Time
FIGURE 9-6:
Encrypt
Fixed
Guard
Preamble Sync Encrypt
VPWM WAKE-UP FORMAT (MOD=1)
TBP
1
84
33% Duty Cycle Wake-Up sequence 250xTE
FIGURE 9-7:
Dead Time 258xTE
VPWM PREAMBLE/HEADER FORMAT (MOD=1)
TBP
10
6
1
SPM=1
SPM=0
Encrypted Portion
10xTE Sync 10xTE Header
Pulse
Code Word
18xTE Preamble
FIGURE 9-8:
Fixed Code Portion
Guard
Time
VPWM DATA WORD FORMAT (MOD=1)
LOGIC 0
TE
LOGIC 1
on Transition Low to High
TBP
TBP
2XTE
on Transition High to Low
TE
LOGIC 0
TBP
TE
LOGIC 1
TBP
VLOW
Bit
1 0
0
Encrypted Data
1
1 0 1
0 1
2
3
Note:
1
1 0
0
Serial Number
1
1 0
28 29 30 31
32 33
34
35
56 57
0
58
1
Function Code
1 0
0
1
CRC
1 0 1
59
60 61
64 65 66
62
63
The bit values are only shown as an example.
DS40146F-page 28
© 2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
HCS361
FIGURE 9-9:
HCS361 NORMALIZED TE VS. TEMP
1.7
Typical
1.6
1.5
TE Max.
1.4
1.3
TE
VDD LEGEND
= 2.0V
= 3.0V
= 6.0V
1.2
1.1
1.0
0.9
0.8
0.7
TE Min.
0.6
-50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
Temperature °C
© 2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS40146F-page 29
HCS361
TABLE 9-4:
TIMING PARAMETERS: PWM MODE (TXWAK=0)
VDD = +2.0 to 6.6V
Commercial (C):Tamb = 0° C to +70° C
Industrial
(I):Tamb = -40° C to
+85° C
Code Words Transmitted
BSEL = 0
BSEL = 1
Symbol
Characteristic
Min
Typ.
Max.
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Units
TE
Basic pulse element
260
400
620
130
200
310
μs
TBP
PWM bit pulse width
3
3
TE
TP
Preamble duration
28
28
TE
TS
Sync Pulse duration
10
10
TE
TH
Header duration
10
10
TE
THOP
Hopping code duration
96
96
TE
TFIX
Fixed code duration
105
105
TE
TG
Guard Time
18
34
TE
⎯
Total Transmit Time
267
283
TE
⎯
Total Transmit Time
69.4
106.8
165.5
36.7
56.6
87.7
ms
⎯
PWM data rate
1282
833
538
2564
1667
1075
bps
Typ.
Max.
Units
100
6
28
10
10
192
210
66
516
51.6
1667
155
μs
TE
TE
TE
TE
TE
TE
TE
TE
ms
bps
Note:
The timing parameters are not tested but derived from the oscillator clock.
TABLE 9-5:
TIMING PARAMETERS: PWM MODE (TXWAK=1)
VDD = +2.0 to 6.6V
Commercial (C):Tamb = 0° C to +70° C
Industrial
(I):Tamb = -40° C to +85° C
Symbol
Characteristic
Code Words Transmitted
BSEL = 0
Min
Typ.
BSEL = 1
Max.
Min.
Basic pulse element
130
200
310
65
TE
TBP
PWM bit pulse width
6
TP
Preamble duration
28
TS
Sync Pulse duration
10
TH
Header duration
10
THOP
Hopping code duration
192
TFIX
Fixed code duration
210
TG
Guard Time
34
⎯
Total Transmit Time
484
⎯
Total Transmit Time
62.9
96.8
150.0
33.5
⎯
PWM data rate
1282
833
538
2564
Note: The timing parameters are not tested but derived from the oscillator clock.
DS40146F-page 30
79.9
1075
© 2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
HCS361
TABLE 9-6:
Commercial
Industrial
TIMING PARAMETERS: VPWM MODE (BSEL=0)
VDD = +2.0 to 6.6V
(C): Tamb = 0° C to +70° C
(I): Tamb = -40° C to +85° C
Code Words Transmitted
Shortest
Longest
Symbol
Characteristic
Min
Typ.
Max.
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Units
TE
Basic pulse element
260
400
620
260
400
620
μs
TP
Preamble duration
28
28
TE
TS
Sync Pulse duration
10
10
TE
TH
Header duration
10
10
TE
THOP
Hopping code duration
32
64
TE
TFIX
Fixed code duration
35
70
TE
TG
Guard Time
114
114
TE
⎯
Total Transmit Time
229
296
TE
⎯
Total Transmit Time
59.5
91.6
141.9
76.9
118.4
183.5
ms
⎯
VPWM data rate
3846
2500
1613
3846
2500
1613
bps
Note:
The timing parameters are not tested but derived from the oscillator clock.
TABLE 9-7:
TIMING PARAMETERS: VPWM MODE (BSEL=1)
VDD = +2.0 to 6.6V
Commercial (C): Tamb = 0° C to +70° C
Industrial
(I): Tamb = -40° C to +85° C
Code Words Transmitted
Shortest
Longest
Symbol
Characteristic
Min
Typ.
Max.
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Units
TE
Basic pulse element
130
200
310
130
200
310
μs
TP
Preamble duration
28
28
TE
TS
Sync Pulse duration
10
10
TE
TH
Header duration
10
10
TE
THOP
Hopping code duration
32
64
TE
TFIX
Fixed code duration
35
70
TE
TG
Guard Time
226
226
TE
⎯
Total Transmit Time
341
408
TE
⎯
Total Transmit Time
44.3
68.2
105.7
53.0
81.6
126.4
ms
VPWM data rate
7692
5000
3226
7692
5000
3226
bps
⎯
Note:
The timing parameters are not tested but derived from the oscillator clock.
© 2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS40146F-page 31
HCS361
10.0
PACKAGING INFORMATION
10.1
Package Marking Information
8-Lead PDIP
Example
XXXXXXXX
XXXXXNNN
YYWW
HCS361
XXXXXNNN
0025
8-Lead SOIC
Example
XXXXXXX
XXXYYWW
NNN
HCS361
XXX0025
NNN
Legend:
Note:
*
XX...X
Y
YY
WW
NNN
Customer specific information*
Year code (last digit of calendar year)
Year code (last 2 digits of calendar year)
Week code (week of January 1 is week ‘01’)
Alphanumeric traceability code
In the event the full Microchip part number cannot be marked on one line, it will
be carried over to the next line thus limiting the number of available characters
for customer specific information.
Standard PIC MCU device marking consists of Microchip part number, year code, week code, and
traceability code. For PIC MCU device marking beyond this, certain price adders apply. Please check
with your Microchip Sales Office. For QTP devices, any special marking adders are included in QTP
price.
DS40146F-page 32
© 2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
HCS361
10.2
Package Details
3
&'
!&"&4#*!(!!&
4%&
&#&
&&255***'
'54
N
NOTE 1
E1
1
3
2
D
E
A2
A
L
A1
c
e
eB
b1
b
6&!
'!
9'&!
7"')
%!
7,8.
7
7
7:
;
<
&
&
&
=
=
##44!!
-
1!&
&
=
=
"#&
"#>#&
.
-
-
##4>#&
.
<
: 9&
-<
-?
&
&
9
-
9#4!!
<
)
?
)
<
1
=
=
69#>#&
9
*9#>#&
: *+
1,
-
!"#$%&"' ()"&'"!&)
&#*&&&#
+%&,&!&
- '!
!#.#
&"#'
#%!
&"!
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!!
&$#/!#
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#&
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1,21!'!
&$& "!
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* ,<1
© 2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS40146F-page 33
HCS361
Note:
For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at
http://www.microchip.com/packaging
DS40146F-page 34
© 2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
HCS361
Note:
For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at
http://www.microchip.com/packaging
© 2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS40146F-page 35
HCS361
!
""#$%& !'
3
&'
!&"&4#*!(!!&
4%&
&#&
&&255***'
'54
DS40146F-page 36
© 2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
HCS361
APPENDIX A:
ADDITIONAL
INFORMATION
Microchip’s Secure Data Products are covered by
some or all of the following:
Code hopping encoder patents issued in European
countries and U.S.A.
Secure learning patents issued in European countries,
U.S.A. and R.S.A.
© 2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
REVISION HISTORY
Revision F (June 2011)
• Updated the following sections: Development Support, The Microchip Web Site, Reader Response
and HCS361 Product Identification System
• Added new section Appendix A
• Minor formatting and text changes were incorporated
throughout the document
DS40146F-page 37
HCS361
THE MICROCHIP WEB SITE
CUSTOMER SUPPORT
Microchip provides online support via our WWW site at
www.microchip.com. This web site is used as a means
to make files and information easily available to
customers. Accessible by using your favorite Internet
browser, the web site contains the following
information:
Users of Microchip products can receive assistance
through several channels:
• Product Support – Data sheets and errata,
application notes and sample programs, design
resources, user’s guides and hardware support
documents, latest software releases and archived
software
• General Technical Support – Frequently Asked
Questions (FAQ), technical support requests,
online discussion groups, Microchip consultant
program member listing
• Business of Microchip – Product selector and
ordering guides, latest Microchip press releases,
listing of seminars and events, listings of
Microchip sales offices, distributors and factory
representatives
•
•
•
•
•
Distributor or Representative
Local Sales Office
Field Application Engineer (FAE)
Technical Support
Development Systems Information Line
Customers
should
contact
their
distributor,
representative or field application engineer (FAE) for
support. Local sales offices are also available to help
customers. A listing of sales offices and locations is
included in the back of this document.
Technical support is available through the web site
at: http://microchip.com/support
CUSTOMER CHANGE NOTIFICATION
SERVICE
Microchip’s customer notification service helps keep
customers current on Microchip products. Subscribers
will receive e-mail notification whenever there are
changes, updates, revisions or errata related to a
specified product family or development tool of interest.
To register, access the Microchip web site at
www.microchip.com. Under “Support”, click on
“Customer Change Notification” and follow the
registration instructions.
DS40146F-page 38
© 2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
HCS361
READER RESPONSE
It is our intention to provide you with the best documentation possible to ensure successful use of your Microchip
product. If you wish to provide your comments on organization, clarity, subject matter, and ways in which our
documentation can better serve you, please FAX your comments to the Technical Publications Manager at
(480) 792-4150.
Please list the following information, and use this outline to provide us with your comments about this document.
TO:
Technical Publications Manager
RE:
Reader Response
Total Pages Sent ________
From: Name
Company
Address
City / State / ZIP / Country
Telephone: (_______) _________ - _________
FAX: (______) _________ - _________
Application (optional):
Would you like a reply?
Y
N
Device: HCS361
Literature Number: DS40146F
Questions:
1. What are the best features of this document?
2. How does this document meet your hardware and software development needs?
3. Do you find the organization of this document easy to follow? If not, why?
4. What additions to the document do you think would enhance the structure and subject?
5. What deletions from the document could be made without affecting the overall usefulness?
6. Is there any incorrect or misleading information (what and where)?
7. How would you improve this document?
© 2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS40146F-page 39
HCS361
HCS361 PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM
To order or obtain information, e.g., on pricing or delivery, refer to the factory or the listed sales office.
HCS361
—
/P
Package:
Temperature
Range:
Device:
DS40146F-page 40
P = Plastic DIP (300 mil Body), 8-lead
SN = Plastic SOIC (150 mil Body), 8-lead
Blank = 0°C to +70°C
I = –40°C to +85°C
HCS361
HCS361T
Code Hopping Encoder
Code Hopping Encoder (Tape and Reel)
© 2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
Note the following details of the code protection feature on Microchip devices:
•
Microchip products meet the specification contained in their particular Microchip Data Sheet.
•
Microchip believes that its family of products is one of the most secure families of its kind on the market today, when used in the
intended manner and under normal conditions.
•
There are dishonest and possibly illegal methods used to breach the code protection feature. All of these methods, to our
knowledge, require using the Microchip products in a manner outside the operating specifications contained in Microchip’s Data
Sheets. Most likely, the person doing so is engaged in theft of intellectual property.
•
Microchip is willing to work with the customer who is concerned about the integrity of their code.
•
Neither Microchip nor any other semiconductor manufacturer can guarantee the security of their code. Code protection does not
mean that we are guaranteeing the product as “unbreakable.”
Code protection is constantly evolving. We at Microchip are committed to continuously improving the code protection features of our
products. Attempts to break Microchip’s code protection feature may be a violation of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act. If such acts
allow unauthorized access to your software or other copyrighted work, you may have a right to sue for relief under that Act.
Information contained in this publication regarding device
applications and the like is provided only for your convenience
and may be superseded by updates. It is your responsibility to
ensure that your application meets with your specifications.
MICROCHIP MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR
WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND WHETHER EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, WRITTEN OR ORAL, STATUTORY OR
OTHERWISE, RELATED TO THE INFORMATION,
INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ITS CONDITION,
QUALITY, PERFORMANCE, MERCHANTABILITY OR
FITNESS FOR PURPOSE. Microchip disclaims all liability
arising from this information and its use. Use of Microchip
devices in life support and/or safety applications is entirely at
the buyer’s risk, and the buyer agrees to defend, indemnify and
hold harmless Microchip from any and all damages, claims,
suits, or expenses resulting from such use. No licenses are
conveyed, implicitly or otherwise, under any Microchip
intellectual property rights.
Trademarks
The Microchip name and logo, the Microchip logo, dsPIC,
KEELOQ, KEELOQ logo, MPLAB, PIC, PICmicro, PICSTART,
PIC32 logo, rfPIC and UNI/O are registered trademarks of
Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. and other
countries.
FilterLab, Hampshire, HI-TECH C, Linear Active Thermistor,
MXDEV, MXLAB, SEEVAL and The Embedded Control
Solutions Company are registered trademarks of Microchip
Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A.
Analog-for-the-Digital Age, Application Maestro, CodeGuard,
dsPICDEM, dsPICDEM.net, dsPICworks, dsSPEAK, ECAN,
ECONOMONITOR, FanSense, HI-TIDE, In-Circuit Serial
Programming, ICSP, Mindi, MiWi, MPASM, MPLAB Certified
logo, MPLIB, MPLINK, mTouch, Omniscient Code
Generation, PICC, PICC-18, PICDEM, PICDEM.net, PICkit,
PICtail, REAL ICE, rfLAB, Select Mode, Total Endurance,
TSHARC, UniWinDriver, WiperLock and ZENA are
trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the
U.S.A. and other countries.
SQTP is a service mark of Microchip Technology Incorporated
in the U.S.A.
All other trademarks mentioned herein are property of their
respective companies.
© 2011, Microchip Technology Incorporated, Printed in the
U.S.A., All Rights Reserved.
Printed on recycled paper.
ISBN: 978-1-61341-222-0
Microchip received ISO/TS-16949:2002 certification for its worldwide
headquarters, design and wafer fabrication facilities in Chandler and
Tempe, Arizona; Gresham, Oregon and design centers in California
and India. The Company’s quality system processes and procedures
are for its PIC® MCUs and dsPIC® DSCs, KEELOQ® code hopping
devices, Serial EEPROMs, microperipherals, nonvolatile memory and
analog products. In addition, Microchip’s quality system for the design
and manufacture of development systems is ISO 9001:2000 certified.
© 2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS40146F-page 41
Worldwide Sales and Service
AMERICAS
ASIA/PACIFIC
ASIA/PACIFIC
EUROPE
Corporate Office
2355 West Chandler Blvd.
Chandler, AZ 85224-6199
Tel: 480-792-7200
Fax: 480-792-7277
Technical Support:
http://www.microchip.com/
support
Web Address:
www.microchip.com
Asia Pacific Office
Suites 3707-14, 37th Floor
Tower 6, The Gateway
Harbour City, Kowloon
Hong Kong
Tel: 852-2401-1200
Fax: 852-2401-3431
India - Bangalore
Tel: 91-80-3090-4444
Fax: 91-80-3090-4123
India - New Delhi
Tel: 91-11-4160-8631
Fax: 91-11-4160-8632
Austria - Wels
Tel: 43-7242-2244-39
Fax: 43-7242-2244-393
Denmark - Copenhagen
Tel: 45-4450-2828
Fax: 45-4485-2829
India - Pune
Tel: 91-20-2566-1512
Fax: 91-20-2566-1513
France - Paris
Tel: 33-1-69-53-63-20
Fax: 33-1-69-30-90-79
Japan - Yokohama
Tel: 81-45-471- 6166
Fax: 81-45-471-6122
Germany - Munich
Tel: 49-89-627-144-0
Fax: 49-89-627-144-44
Atlanta
Duluth, GA
Tel: 678-957-9614
Fax: 678-957-1455
Boston
Westborough, MA
Tel: 774-760-0087
Fax: 774-760-0088
Chicago
Itasca, IL
Tel: 630-285-0071
Fax: 630-285-0075
Cleveland
Independence, OH
Tel: 216-447-0464
Fax: 216-447-0643
Dallas
Addison, TX
Tel: 972-818-7423
Fax: 972-818-2924
Detroit
Farmington Hills, MI
Tel: 248-538-2250
Fax: 248-538-2260
Indianapolis
Noblesville, IN
Tel: 317-773-8323
Fax: 317-773-5453
Los Angeles
Mission Viejo, CA
Tel: 949-462-9523
Fax: 949-462-9608
Santa Clara
Santa Clara, CA
Tel: 408-961-6444
Fax: 408-961-6445
Toronto
Mississauga, Ontario,
Canada
Tel: 905-673-0699
Fax: 905-673-6509
Australia - Sydney
Tel: 61-2-9868-6733
Fax: 61-2-9868-6755
China - Beijing
Tel: 86-10-8569-7000
Fax: 86-10-8528-2104
China - Chengdu
Tel: 86-28-8665-5511
Fax: 86-28-8665-7889
China - Chongqing
Tel: 86-23-8980-9588
Fax: 86-23-8980-9500
Korea - Seoul
Tel: 82-2-554-7200
Fax: 82-2-558-5932 or
82-2-558-5934
China - Hangzhou
Tel: 86-571-2819-3180
Fax: 86-571-2819-3189
Malaysia - Kuala Lumpur
Tel: 60-3-6201-9857
Fax: 60-3-6201-9859
China - Hong Kong SAR
Tel: 852-2401-1200
Fax: 852-2401-3431
Malaysia - Penang
Tel: 60-4-227-8870
Fax: 60-4-227-4068
China - Nanjing
Tel: 86-25-8473-2460
Fax: 86-25-8473-2470
Philippines - Manila
Tel: 63-2-634-9065
Fax: 63-2-634-9069
China - Qingdao
Tel: 86-532-8502-7355
Fax: 86-532-8502-7205
Singapore
Tel: 65-6334-8870
Fax: 65-6334-8850
China - Shanghai
Tel: 86-21-5407-5533
Fax: 86-21-5407-5066
Taiwan - Hsin Chu
Tel: 886-3-6578-300
Fax: 886-3-6578-370
China - Shenyang
Tel: 86-24-2334-2829
Fax: 86-24-2334-2393
Taiwan - Kaohsiung
Tel: 886-7-213-7830
Fax: 886-7-330-9305
China - Shenzhen
Tel: 86-755-8203-2660
Fax: 86-755-8203-1760
Taiwan - Taipei
Tel: 886-2-2500-6610
Fax: 886-2-2508-0102
China - Wuhan
Tel: 86-27-5980-5300
Fax: 86-27-5980-5118
Thailand - Bangkok
Tel: 66-2-694-1351
Fax: 66-2-694-1350
Italy - Milan
Tel: 39-0331-742611
Fax: 39-0331-466781
Netherlands - Drunen
Tel: 31-416-690399
Fax: 31-416-690340
Spain - Madrid
Tel: 34-91-708-08-90
Fax: 34-91-708-08-91
UK - Wokingham
Tel: 44-118-921-5869
Fax: 44-118-921-5820
China - Xian
Tel: 86-29-8833-7252
Fax: 86-29-8833-7256
China - Xiamen
Tel: 86-592-2388138
Fax: 86-592-2388130
China - Zhuhai
Tel: 86-756-3210040
Fax: 86-756-3210049
DS40146F-page 42
Korea - Daegu
Tel: 82-53-744-4301
Fax: 82-53-744-4302
05/02/11
© 2011 Microchip Technology Inc.