MICROCHIP TC7117ACPL

TC7116/A/TC7117/A
3-1/2 Digit Analog-to-Digital Converters with Hold
Features
General Description
• Low Temperature Drift Internal Reference
- TC7116/TC7117 80 ppm/°C Typ.
- TC7116A/TC7117A 20 ppm/°C Typ.
• Display Hold Function
• Directly Drives LCD or LED Display
• Zero Reading with Zero Input
• Low Noise for Stable Display
- 2V or 200mV Full Scale Range (FSR)
• Auto-Zero Cycle Eliminates Need for Zero
• Adjustment Potentiometer
• True Polarity Indication for Precision Null
Applications
• Convenient 9V Battery Operation:
(TC7116/TC7116A)
• High Impedance CMOS Differential Inputs: 1012Ω
• Low Power Operation: 10mW
The TC7116A/TC7117A are 3-1/2 digit CMOS analogto-digital converters (ADCs) containing all the active
components necessary to construct a 0.05% resolution
measurement system. Seven-segment decoders,
polarity and digit drivers, voltage reference, and clock
circuit are integrated on-chip. The TC7116A drives liquid crystal displays (LCDs) and includes a backplane
driver. The TC7117A drives common anode light emitting diode (LED) displays directly with an 8mA drive
current per segment.
Applications
• Thermometry
• Bridge Readouts: Strain Gauges, Load Cells,
Null Detectors
• Digital Meters: Voltage/Current/Ohms/Power, pH
• Digital Scales, Process Monitors
• Portable Instrumentation
Device Selection Table
Package Code
Package
The TC7116A/7117A reduces linearity error to less
than 1 count. Rollover error (the difference in readings
for equal magnitude but opposite polarity input signals)
is below ±1 count. High-impedance differential inputs
offer 1pA leakage current and a 1012Ω input impedance. The 15µVP-P noise performance enables a “rock
solid” reading. The auto-zero cycle ensures a zero display reading with a 0V input.
The TC7116A and TC7117A feature a precision, low
drift internal reference, and are functionally identical to
the TC7116/TC7117. A low drift external reference is
not normally required with the TC7116A/TC7117A.
Temperature Range
CPL
40-Pin PDIP
0°C to +70°C
IJL
40-Pin CERDIP
-25°C to +85°C
CKW
44-Pin PQFP
0°C to +70°C
CLW
44-Pin PLCC
0°C to +70°C
 2002 Microchip Technology Inc.
These devices incorporate a display hold (HLDR) function. The displayed reading remains indefinitely, as
long as HLDR is held high. Conversions continue, but
output data display latches are not updated. The reference low input (VREF-) is not available, as it is with the
TC7106/7107. VREF- is tied internally to analog common in the TC7116A/7117A devices.
DS21457B-page 1
TC7116/A/TC7117/A
Package Type
40-Pin PDIP
40-Pin CERDIP
40 OSC1
HLDR 1
D1 2
C1 3
38 OSC3
37 TEST
B1 4
A1 5
36 VREF+
1's
F1 6
35 V+
G1 7
E1 8
34 CREF+
G1 7
E1 8
34 CREF+
TC7116CPL 33 CREFTC7116ACPL 32 COMMON
TC7117CPL 31 VIN+
TC7117ACPL
B2 11
30 VIN29 CAZ
F2 13
28 VBUFF
27 VINT
F2 13
F3 17
25 G2
24 C3
E3 18
23 A3
AB4 19
22 G3
100's
1000's
F3 17
25 G2
24 C3
E3 18
23 A3
AB4 19
22 G3
100's
21 BP/GND
(TC7116/7117)
(TC7116A/TC7117A)
POL 20
(Minus Sign)
V-
VINT
VBUFF
CAZ
1 44 43 42 41 40
VIN-
2
COMMON
3
VIN+
HLDR
NC
4
CREF+
D1
5
V+
VREF+
C1
VREF+
B1
6
TEST
A1
OSC3
44-Pin PQFP
OSC2
44-Pin PLCC
OSC1
26 V-
D3 15
B3 16
100's
21 BP/GND
(TC7116/7117)
(TC7116A/TC7117A)
POL 20
(Minus Sign)
28 VBUFF
27 VINT
E2 14
26 V-
D3 15
B3 16
33 CREF-
TC7116IJL 32 COMMON
TC7116AIJL 31 V +
IN
TC7117IJL
B2 11
30 VINTC7117AIJL
A2 12
29 CAZ
D2 9
C2 10
10's
A2 12
E2 14
1000's
36 VREF+
35 V+
C2 10
100's
38 OSC3
37 TEST
B1 4
A1 5
F1 6
D2 9
10's
39 OSC2
C1 3
CREF-
1's
40 OSC1
HLDR 1
D1 2
39 OSC2
44 43 42 41 40 39 38 37 36 35 34
39 V+
NC 1
33 NC
G1 8
38 CREF+
NC 2
32 G3
E1 9
37 CREF-
TEST 3
31 C3
D2 10
36 COMMON
OSC3 4
30 A3
F1 7
C2 11
35 VIN+
TC7116CLW
TC7116ACLW
TC7117CLW
TC7117ACLW
NC 12
B2 13
A2 14
NC 5
34 NC
OSC2 6
33 VIN-
OSC1 7
32 CAZ
HLDR 8
29 G3
28 BP/
GND
27 POL
TC7116CKW
TC7116ACKW
TC7117CKW
TC7117ACKW
26 AB4
D1 9
25 E3
F2 15
31 VBUFF
E2 16
30 VINT
C1 10
24 F3
29 V-
B1 11
23 B3
D3
E2
F2
A2
B2
C2
D2
E1
G1
12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
F1
G2
A3
C3
NC
BP/
GND
G3
POL
AB4
F3
E3
B3
18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28
A1
D3 17
Note 1: NC = No internal connection.
2: Pins 9, 25, 40 and 56 are connected to the die substrate. The potential at these pins is approximately V+. No external
connections should be made.
DS21457B-page 2
 2002 Microchip Technology Inc.
TC7116/A/TC7117/A
Typical Application
TC7116/A
TC7117/A
Display
Hold
0.1µF
1MΩ
+
Analog
Input
–
0.01µF
LCD Display (TC7116/7116A)
or Common Anode LED Display
1
33
34
(TC7117/7117A)
CREF+ CREF- HLDR
31
2–19 Segment
VIN+
22–25 Drive
POL 20
30 VINBackplane Drive
Minus Sign
BP/GND 21
32 ANALOG
COMMON
V+ 35
28
47kΩ
0.22µF
24kΩ
VBUFF
0.47µF
29
+
36 VREF
CAZ
VREF+
100mV
9V
1kΩ
27 V
INT
V- 26
OSC2 OSC3 OSC1
39
38 COSC 40
ROSC
100pF
To Analog
Common (Pin 32)
3 Conversions Per Second
100kΩ
 2002 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS21457B-page 3
TC7116/A/TC7117/A
1.0
ELECTRICAL
CHARACTERISTICS
Absolute Maximum Ratings*
Supply Voltage:
TC7116/TC7116A (V+ to V-) ........................... 15V
TC7117/TC7117A (V+ to GND) .......................+6V
V- to GND.........................................................-9V
Analog Input Voltage (Either Input) (Note 1) ... V+ to VReference Input Voltage (Either Input) ............ V+ to VClock Input:
TC7116/TC7116A............................... TEST to V+
TC7117/TC7117A.................................GND to V+
Package Power Dissipation; TA ≤ 70°C (Note 2)
40-Pin CDIP ................................................2.29W
40-Pin PDIP ................................................1.23W
44-Pin PLCC ...............................................1.23W
44-Pin PQFP ...............................................1.00W
Operating Temperature:
C (Commercial) Device ................... 0°C to +70°C
I (Commercial) Device.................... 0°C to +70°C
Storage Temperature.......................... -65°C to +150°C
*Stresses above those listed under "Absolute Maximum
Ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. These
are stress ratings only and functional operation of the device
at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the
operation sections of the specifications is not implied.
Exposure to Absolute Maximum Rating conditions for
extended periods may affect device reliability.
TC7116/A AND TC7117/A ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS
Electrical Characteristics: Unless otherwise noted, specifications apply to both the TC7116/A and TC7117/A at TA = 25°C,
fCLOCK = 48kHz. Parts are tested in the circuit of the Typical Operating Circuit.
Symbol
Min
Typ
Max
Zero Input Reading
—
±0
—
Ratiometric Reading
999
999/1000
1000
Rollover Error (Difference in Reading for
Equal Positive and Negative
Readings Near Full Scale)
-1
±0.2
+1
Counts
VIN - = + VIN + ≅ 200mV
or ≈ 2V
Linearity (Maximum Deviation from Best
Straight Line Fit)
-1
±0.2
+1
Counts
Full Scale = 200mV or 2V
CMRR
Common Mode Rejection Ratio
(Note 3)
—
50
—
µV/V
VCM = ±1V, VIN = 0V
Full Scale = 200mV
eN
Noise (Peak to Peak 95% of Time)
—
15
—
µV
VIN = 0V
Full Scale = 200mV
Leakage Current at Input
—
1
10
pA
Zero Reading Drift
—
0.2
1
µV/°C
VIN = 0V
“C” Device = 0°C to +70°C
—
1.0
2
µV/°C
“I” Device = -25°C to +85°C
ZIR
R/O
IL
Parameter
Unit
Test Conditions
Digital VIN = 0V
Reading Full Scale = 200mV
Digital VIN = VREF
Reading VREF = 100mV
VIN = 0V
Note 1:
2:
3:
4:
Input voltages may exceed the supply voltages provided the input current is limited to ±100µA.
Dissipation rating assumes device is mounted with all leads soldered to printed circuit board.
Refer to “Differential Input” discussion.
Backplane drive is in phase with segment drive for “OFF” segment, 180° out of phase for “ON” segment. Frequency is
20 times conversion rate. Average DC component is less than 50mV.
5: The TC7116/TC7116A logic inputs have an internal pull-down resistor connected from HLDR, Pin 1 to TEST, Pin 37. The
TC7117/TC7117A logic inputs have an internal pull-down resistor connected from HLDR, Pin 1 to GND, Pin 21.
DS21457B-page 4
 2002 Microchip Technology Inc.
TC7116/A/TC7117/A
TC7116/A AND TC7117/A ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS (CONTINUED)
Electrical Characteristics: Unless otherwise noted, specifications apply to both the TC7116/A and TC7117/A at TA = 25°C,
fCLOCK = 48kHz. Parts are tested in the circuit of the Typical Operating Circuit.
Symbol
TCSF
Parameter
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
Test Conditions
Scale Factor Temperature Coefficient
—
1
5
ppm/°C
VIN = 199mV,
“C” Device = 0°C to +70°C
(Ext. Ref = 0ppm°C)
—
—
20
ppm/°C
“I” Device = -25°C to +85°C
Input Resistance, Pin 1
30
70
—
kΩ
(Note 5)
VIL, Pin 1
—
—
Test + 1.5
V
TC7116/A Only
VIL, Pin 1
—
—
GND + 1.5
V
TC7117/A Only
VIH, Pin 1
V+ - 1.5
—
—
V
Both
IDD
Supply Current (Does not Include LED
Current for TC7117/A)
—
0.8
1.8
mA
VC
Analog Common Voltage
(with Respect to Positive Supply)
2.4
3.05
3.35
V
25kΩ Between Common
and Positive Supply
VCTC
Temperature Coefficient of Analog
Common (with Respect to Positive
Supply)
—
—
20
80
—
50
—
—
ppm/°C
ppm/°C
“C” Device: 0°C to +70°C
TC7116A/TC7117A
TC7116/TC7117
VSD
TC7116/TC7117A ONLY Peak to Peak
Segment Drive Voltage
4
5
6
V
V+ to V- = 9V
(Note 4)
VBD
TC7116A/TC7116A ONLY Peak to Peak
Backplane Drive Voltage
4
5
6
V
V+ to V- = 9V
(Note 4)
TC7117/TC7117A ONLY
Segment Sinking Current
(Except Pin 19)
5
8
—
mA
V+ = 5.0V
Segment Voltage = 3V
10
16
—
mA
V+ = 5.0V
Segment Voltage = 3V
TC7117/TC7117A ONLY
Segment Sinking Current (Pin 19 Only)
VIN = 0V
Note 1:
2:
3:
4:
Input voltages may exceed the supply voltages provided the input current is limited to ±100µA.
Dissipation rating assumes device is mounted with all leads soldered to printed circuit board.
Refer to “Differential Input” discussion.
Backplane drive is in phase with segment drive for “OFF” segment, 180° out of phase for “ON” segment. Frequency is
20 times conversion rate. Average DC component is less than 50mV.
5: The TC7116/TC7116A logic inputs have an internal pull-down resistor connected from HLDR, Pin 1 to TEST, Pin 37. The
TC7117/TC7117A logic inputs have an internal pull-down resistor connected from HLDR, Pin 1 to GND, Pin 21.
 2002 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS21457B-page 5
TC7116/A/TC7117/A
2.0
PIN DESCRIPTIONS
The descriptions of the pins are listed in Table 2-1.
TABLE 2-1:
PIN FUNCTION TABLE
Pin Number
(40-Pin PDIP)
(40-Pin CERDIP)
Pin Number
(44-Pin PQFP)
Symbol
1
8
HLDR
2
9
D1
Activates the D section of the units display.
3
10
C1
Activates the C section of the units display.
4
11
B1
Activates the B section of the units display.
5
12
A1
Activates the A section of the units display.
6
13
F1
Activates the F section of the units display.
7
14
G1
Activates the G section of the units display.
8
15
E1
Activates the E section of the units display.
9
16
D2
Activates the D section of the tens display.
10
17
C2
Activates the C section of the tens display.
Description
Hold pin, Logic 1 holds present display reading.
11
18
B2
Activates the B section of the tens display.
12
19
A2
Activates the A section of the tens display.
13
20
F2
Activates the F section of the tens display.
14
21
E2
Activates the E section of the tens display.
15
22
D3
Activates the D section of the hundreds display.
16
23
B3
Activates the B section of the hundreds display.
17
24
F3
Activates the F section of the hundreds display.
18
25
E3
Activates the E section of the hundreds display.
Activates both halves of the 1 in the thousands display.
19
26
AB4
20
27
POL
Activates the negative polarity display.
21
28
BP/
GND
LCD backplane drive output (TC7116/TC7116A). Digital ground
(TC7117/TC7117A).
22
29
G3
Activates the G section of the hundreds display.
23
30
A3
Activates the A section of the hundreds display.
24
31
C3
Activates the C section of the hundreds display.
25
32
G2
Activates the G section of the tens display.
26
34
V-
Negative power supply voltage.
27
35
VINT
28
36
VBUFF
29
37
CAZ
30
38
VIN -
The analog LOW input is connected to this pin.
31
39
VIN+
The analog HIGH input signal is connected to this pin.
32
40
Integrator output. Connection point for integration capacitor.
See Section 4.3, Integrating Capacitor for more details.
Integration resistor connection. Use a 47kΩ resistor for a 200mV full scale range
and a 470kΩ resistor for 2V full scale range.
The size of the auto-zero capacitor influences system noise. Use a 0.47µF
capacitor for 200mV full scale, and a 0.047µF capacitor for 2V full scale.
See Section 4.1, Auto-Zero Capacitor for more details.
COMMON This pin is primarily used to set the Analog Common mode voltage for battery
operation, or in systems where the input signal is referenced to the power supply.
It also acts as a reference voltage source. See Section 3.1.6, Analog Common
for more details.
33
41
CREF-
See Pin 34.
34
42
CREF +
A 0.1µF capacitor is used in most applications. If a large Common mode voltage
exists (for example, the VIN - pin is not at analog common), and a 200mV scale is
used, a 1µF capacitor is recommended and will hold the rollover error to
0.5 count.
DS21457B-page 6
 2002 Microchip Technology Inc.
TC7116/A/TC7117/A
TABLE 2-1:
PIN FUNCTION TABLE (CONTINUED)
Pin Number
(40-Pin PDIP)
(40-Pin CERDIP)
Pin Number
(44-Pin PQFP)
35
43
V+
36
44
VREF +
The analog input required to generate a full scale output (1999 counts). Place
100mV between Pins 32 and 36 for 199.9mV full scale. Place 1V between
Pins 35 and 36 for 2V full scale. See Section 4.6, Reference Voltage.
37
3
TEST
Lamp test. When pulled HIGH (to V+), all segments will be turned on and the display should read -1888. It may also be used as a negative supply for externally
generated decimal points. See Section 3.1.7, TEST for additional information.
38
4
OSC3
See Pin 40.
39
6
OSC2
See Pin 40.
40
7
OSC1
Pins 40, 39, 38 make up the oscillator section. For a 48kHz clock (3 readings per
section), connect Pin 40 to the junction of a 100kΩ resistor and a 100pF capacitor. The 100kΩ resistor is tied to Pin 39 and the 100pF capacitor is tied to Pin 38.
3.0
Symbol
Description
Positive Power Supply Voltage.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
(All Pin Designations Refer to 40-Pin PDIP.)
3.1
Analog Section
Figure 3-1 shows the block diagram of the analog section for the TC7116/TC7116A and TC7117/TC7117A.
Each measurement cycle is divided into three phases:
(1) Auto-Zero (AZ), (2) Signal Integrate (INT), and
(3) Reference Integrate (REF), or De-integrate (DE).
3.1.1
AUTO-ZERO PHASE
3.1.2
SIGNAL INTEGRATE PHASE
The auto-zero loop is opened, the internal short is
removed, and the internal high and low inputs are connected to the external pins. The converter then integrates the differential voltages between VIN+ and VINfor a fixed time. This differential voltage can be within a
wide Common mode range: 1V of either supply. However, if the input signal has no return with respect to the
converter power supply, VIN- can be tied to analog
common to establish the correct Common mode voltage. At the end of this phase, the polarity of the
integrated signal is determined.
High and low inputs are disconnected from the pins and
internally shorted to analog common. The reference
capacitor is charged to the reference voltage. A feedback loop is closed around the system to charge the
auto-zero capacitor (C AZ) to compensate for offset voltages in the buffer amplifier, integrator, and comparator.
Since the comparator is included in the loop, AZ accuracy is limited only by system noise. The offset referred
to the input is less than 10µV.
 2002 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS21457B-page 7
TC7116/A/TC7117/A
FIGURE 3-1:
ANALOG SECTION OF TC7116/TC7117A AND TC7117/TC7117A
CREF
VREF+
CREF+
34
V+
VIN+
VBUFF
CREF-
36
33
DE
(–)
VIN-
DE (+)
Auto-Zero
VINT
29
27
Low
Temp.
Drift
DE
(+)
–
+
Comparator
V+ -3V
TC7116
TC7116A
TC7117
TC7117A
DE (–)
AZ & DE (±)
30
26
INT
+
To
Digital
Section
+
Zener
VREF
–
AZ
CINT
Integrator
+
AZ
32
35
–
31
INT
Analog
Common
V+
28
AZ
10µA
CAZ
RINT
V-
3.1.3
REFERENCE INTEGRATE PHASE
The final phase is reference integrate, or de-integrate.
Input low is internally connected to analog common
and input high is connected across the previously
charged reference capacitor. Circuitry within the chip
ensures that the capacitor will be connected with the
correct polarity to cause the integrator output to return
to zero. The time required for the output to return to
zero is proportional to the input signal. The digital
reading displayed is:
EQUATION 3-1:
1000 =
3.1.4
VIN
VREF
REFERENCE
3.1.6
ANALOG COMMON
This pin is included primarily to set the Common mode
voltage for battery operation (TC7116/TC7116A), or for
any system where the input signals are floating, with
respect to the power supply. The analog common pin
sets a voltage approximately 2.8V more negative than
the positive supply. This is selected to give a minimum
end of life battery voltage of about 6V. However, analog
common has some attributes of a reference voltage.
When the total supply voltage is large enough to cause
the zener to regulate (>7V), the analog common voltage will have a low voltage coefficient (0.001%), low
output impedance (≅15Ω), and a temperature coefficient of less than 20ppm/°C, typically, and 50 ppm maximum. The TC7116/TC7117 temperature coefficients
are typically 80ppm/°C.
The positive reference voltage (VREF+) is referred to
analog common.
An external reference may be used, if necessary, as
shown in Figure 3-2.
3.1.5
FIGURE 3-2:
DIFFERENTIAL INPUT
This input can accept differential voltages anywhere
within the Common mode range of the input amplifier
or, specifically, from 1V below the positive supply to 1V
above the negative supply. In this range, the system
has a CMRR of 86dB, typical. However, since the integrator also swings with the Common mode voltage,
care must be exercised to ensure that the integrator
output does not saturate. A worst case condition would
be a large, positive Common mode voltage with a near
full scale negative differential input voltage. The negative input signal drives the integrator positive, when
most of its swing has been used up by the positive
Common mode voltage. For these critical applications,
the integrator swing can be reduced to less than the
recommended 2V full scale swing with little loss of
accuracy. The integrator output can swing within 0.3V
of either supply without loss of linearity.
DS21457B-page 8
USING AN EXTERNAL
REFERENCE
V+
V+
TC7116
TC7116A
TC7117
TC7117A
6.8kΩ
20kΩ
VREF+
1.2V REF
COMMON
 2002 Microchip Technology Inc.
TC7116/A/TC7117/A
Analog common is also used as V IN- return during
auto-zero and de-integrate. If VIN- is different from analog common, a Common mode voltage exists in the
system and is taken care of by the excellent CMRR of
the converter. However, in some applications, VIN- will
be set at a fixed, known voltage (power supply common
for instance). In this application, analog common
should be tied to the same point, thus removing the
Common mode voltage from the converter. The same
holds true for the reference voltage; if it can be conveniently referenced to analog common, it should be.
This removes the Common mode voltage from the
reference system.
Within the IC, analog common is tied to an N-channel
FET, that can sink 30mA or more of current to hold the
voltage 3V below the positive supply (when a load is
trying to pull the analog common line positive). However, there is only 10µA of source current, so analog
common may easily be tied to a more negative voltage,
thus overriding the internal reference.
3.1.7
TEST
The TEST pin serves two functions. On the TC7117/
TC7117A, it is coupled to the internally generated digital supply through a 500Ω resistor. Thus, it can be used
as a negative supply for externally generated segment
drivers, such as decimal points, or any other presentation the user may want to include on the LCD.
(Figure 3-3 and Figure 3-4 show such an application.)
No more than a 1mA load should be applied.
The second function is a "lamp test." When TEST is
pulled HIGH (to V+), all segments will be turned ON
and the display should read -1888. The TEST pin will
sink about 10mA under these conditions.
FIGURE 3-3:
SIMPLE INVERTER FOR
FIXED DECIMAL POINT
V+
V+
TC7116
TC7116A
4049
BP
TEST
21
GND
37
 2002 Microchip Technology Inc.
FIGURE 3-4:
EXCLUSIVE “OR” GATE
FOR DECIMAL POINT
DRIVE
V+
V+
BP
TC7116
TC7116A
TEST
3.2
To LCD
Decimal
Point
Decimal
Point
Select
4030
GND
Digital Section
Figure 3-5 and Figure 3-6 show the digital section for
TC7116/TC7116A and TC7117/TC7117A, respectively.
For the TC7116/TC7116A (Figure 3-5), an internal digital ground is generated from a 6V zener diode and a
large P-channel source follower. This supply is made
stiff to absorb the relative large capacitive currents
when the backplane (BP) voltage is switched. The BP
frequency is the clock frequency 4800. For 3 readings
per second, this is a 60Hz square wave with a nominal
amplitude of 5V. The segments are driven at the same
frequency and amplitude, and are in phase with BP
when OFF, but out of phase when ON. In all cases,
negligible DC voltage exists across the segments.
Figure 3-6 is the digital section of the TC7117/
TC7117A. It is identical to the TC7116/TC7116A,
except that the regulated supply and BP drive have
been eliminated, and the segment drive is typically
8mA. The 1000's output (Pin 19) sinks current from two
LED segments, and has a 16mA drive capability. The
TC7117/TC7117A are designed to drive common
anode LED displays.
In both devices, the polarity indication is ON for analog
inputs. If VIN- and VIN+ are reversed, this indication can
be reversed also, if desired.
To LCD
Decimal
Point
To LCD
Backplane
DS21457B-page 9
TC7116/A/TC7117/A
FIGURE 3-5:
TC7116/TC7116A DIGITAL SECTION
TC7116
TC7116A
Backplane
21
LCD Phase Driver
Typical Segment Output
V+
7-Segment
Decode
7-Segment
Decode
0.5mA
7-Segment
Decode
÷200
Segment
Output
Latch
2mA
Internal Digital Ground
Thousands
Tens
Hundreds
Units
To Switch Drivers
From Comparator Output
35
~70kΩ
Clock
÷4
Logic Control
VTH = 1V
40
39
38
OSC1
OSC2
OSC3
3.2.1
Internal Digital Ground
SYSTEM TIMING
The clocking method used for the TC7116/TC7116A
and TC7117/TC7117A is shown in Figure 3-6. Three
clocking methods may be used:
1.
2.
3.
An external oscillator connected to Pin 40.
A crystal between Pins 39 and 40.
An RC network using all three pins.
The oscillator frequency is ÷4 before it clocks the
decade counters. It is then further divided to form the
three convert cycle phases: Signal Integrate (1000
counts), Reference De-integrate (0 to 2000 counts),
and Auto-Zero (1000 to 3000 counts). For signals less
than full scale, auto-zero gets the unused portion of reference de-integrate. This makes a complete measure
cycle of 4000 (16,000 clock pulses), independent of
input voltage. For 3 readings per second, an oscillator
frequency of 48kHz would be used.
DS21457B-page 10
6.2V
37
V+
TEST
500Ω
26
1
V-
HLDR
To achieve maximum rejection of 60Hz pickup, the signal integrate cycle should be a multiple of 60Hz. Oscillator frequencies of 240kHz, 120kHz, 80kHz, 60kHz,
48kHz, 40kHz, etc. should be selected. For 50Hz rejection, oscillator frequencies of 200kHz, 100kHz,
66-2/3kHz, 50kHz, 40kHz, etc. would be suitable. Note
that 40kHz (2.5 readings per second) will reject both
50Hz and 60Hz.
3.2.2
HOLD READING INPUT
When HLDR is at a logic HIGH, the latch will not be
updated. Analog-to-digital conversions will continue,
but will not be updated until HLDR is returned to LOW.
To continuously update the display, connect to TEST
(TC7116/TC7116A) or GROUND (TC7117/TC7117A),
or disconnect. This input is CMOS compatible with
70kΩ typical resistance to TEST (TC7116/TC7116A) or
GROUND (TC7117/TC7117A).
 2002 Microchip Technology Inc.
TC7116/A/TC7117/A
FIGURE 3-6:
TC7117/TC711A DIGITAL SECTION
TC7117
TC7117A
Typical Segment Output
V+
7-Segment
Decode
0.5mA
7-Segment
Decode
7-Segment
Decode
To
Segment
8mA
Latch
Digital Ground
Internal Digital Ground
Thousands
V+
Hundreds
Tens
Units
To Switch Drivers
From Comparator Output
35
37
Clock
÷4
Control Logic
39
OSC2
 2002 Microchip Technology Inc.
38
OSC3
TEST
500Ω
21
40
OSC1
V+
Digital
GND
1
~70kΩ
HLDR
DS21457B-page 11
TC7116/A/TC7117/A
4.0
4.1
COMPONENT VALUE
SELECTION
Auto-Zero Capacitor
The size of the auto-zero capacitor has some influence
on system noise. For 200mV full scale, where noise is
very important, a 0.47µF capacitor is recommended.
On the 2V scale, a 0.047µF capacitor increases the
speed of recovery from overload and is adequate for
noise on this scale.
4.2
Reference Capacitor
A 0.1µF capacitor is acceptable in most applications.
However, where a large Common mode voltage exists
(i.e., the VIN- pin is not at analog common), and a
200mV scale is used, a larger value is required to prevent rollover error. Generally, 1µF will hold the rollover
error to 0.5 count in this instance.
4.3
Integrating Capacitor
The integrating capacitor should be selected to give the
maximum voltage swing that ensures tolerance buildup
will not saturate the integrator swing (approximately
0.3V from either supply). In the TC7116/TC7116A or
the TC7117/TC7117A, when the analog common is
used as a reference, a nominal ±2V full scale integrator
swing is acceptable. For the TC7117/TC7117A, with
±5V supplies and analog common tied to supply
ground, a ±3.5V to ±4V swing is nominal. For 3 readings per second (48kHz clock), nominal values for CINT
are 0.22µ1F and 0.10µF, respectively. If different oscillator frequencies are used, these values should be
changed in inverse proportion to maintain the output
swing. The integrating capacitor must have low dielectric absorption to prevent rollover errors. Polypropylene
capacitors are recommended for this application.
4.4
Integrating Resistor
Both the buffer amplifier and the integrator have a class
A output stage with 100µA of quiescent current. They
can supply 20µA of drive current with negligible nonlinearity. The integrating resistor should be large
enough to remain in this very linear region over the
input voltage range, but small enough that undue leakage requirements are not placed on the PC board. For
2V full scale, 470kΩ is near optimum and, similarly,
47kΩ for 200mV full scale.
4.5
4.6
Reference Voltage
To generate full scale output (2000 counts), the analog
input requirement is VIN = 2VREF. Thus, for the 200mV
and 2V scale, VREF should equal 100mV and 1V,
respectively. In many applications, where the ADC is
connected to a transducer, a scale factor exists
between the input voltage and the digital reading. For
instance, in a measuring system, the designer might like
to have a full scale reading when the voltage from the
transducer is 700mV. Instead of dividing the input down
to 200mV, the designer should use the input voltage
directly and select VREF = 350mV. Suitable values for
integrating resistor and capacitor would be 120kW and
0.22µF. This makes the system slightly quieter and also
avoids a divider network on the input. The TC7117/
TC7117A, with ±5V supplies, can accept input signals
up to ±4V. Another advantage of this system is when a
digital reading of zero is desired for VIN ≠ 0. Temperature and weighing systems with a variable tare are
examples. This offset reading can be conveniently generated by connecting the voltage transducer between
VIN+ and analog common, and the variable (or fixed)
offset voltage between analog common and VIN-.
5.0
TC7117/TC7117A POWER
SUPPLIES
The TC7117/TC7117A are designed to operate from
±5V supplies. However, if a negative supply is not available, it can be generated with a TC7660 DC-to-DC converter and two capacitors. Figure 5-1 shows this
application.
In selected applications, a negative supply is not
required. The conditions for using a single +5V supply
are:
1.
2.
3.
The input signal can be referenced to the center
of the Common mode range of the converter.
The signal is less than ±1.5V.
An external reference is used.
FIGURE 5-1:
+5V
35
V+
36
VREF+
LED
Drive
Oscillator Components
TC7117 COM
TC7117A
VIN-
8
2
EQUATION 4-1:
+
0.45
f = ----------RC
For a 48kHz clock (3 readings per second), C = 100pF.
32
VIN+ 31
For all frequency ranges, a 100kΩ resistor is recommended; the capacitor is selected from the equation:
DS21457B-page 12
NEGATIVE POWER
SUPPLY GENERATION
WITH TC7660
TC7660
10µF
5 (-5V)
4
V26
GND
30
21
+
VIN
–
3 +
10µF
 2002 Microchip Technology Inc.
TC7116/A/TC7117/A
6.0
TYPICAL APPLICATIONS
The TC7117/TC7117A sink the LED display current,
causing heat to build up in the IC package. If the internal voltage reference is used, the changing chip temperature can cause the display to change reading. By
reducing the LED common anode voltage, the TC7117/
TC7117A package power dissipation is reduced.
Figure 6-1 is a curve tracer display showing the relationship between output current and output voltage for
typical TC7117CPL/TC7117ACPL devices. Since a
typical LED has 1.8V across it at 8mA and its common
anode is connected to +5V, the TC7117/TC7117A output is at 3.2V (Point A, Figure 6-1). Maximum power
dissipation is 8.1mA x 3.2V x 24 segments = 622mW.
However, notice that once the TC7117/TC7117A's output voltage is above 2V, the LED current is essentially
constant as output voltage increases. Reducing the
output voltage by 0.7V (Point B Figure 6-1) results in
7.7mA of LED current, only a 5% reduction. Maximum
power dissipation is now only 7.7mA x 2.5V x 24 =
462mW, a reduction of 26%. An output voltage reduction of 1V (Point C) reduces LED current by 10%
(7.3mA), but power dissipation by 38% (7.3mA x 2.2V
x 24 = 385mW).
FIGURE 6-1:
TC7117/TC7117A OUTPUT
VS. OUTPUT VOLTAGE
The change in LED brightness caused by the resistor is
almost unnoticeable as more segments turn off. If display brightness remaining steady is very important to
the designer, a diode may be used instead of the
resistor.
FIGURE 6-2:
DIODE OR RESISTOR
LIMITS PACKAGE POWER
DISSIPATION
+5V
In
+
150kΩ
TP3
1kΩ
100
pF
TP5
100
kΩ
0.01
µF
TP2
0.1
µF
TP1
35
1
30
10
A
8.000
0.47
µF 0.22
µF
Display
47
kΩ
TC7117
TC7117A
9.000
-5V
–
1MΩ
24kΩ
40
10.000
Output Current (mA)
In addition to limiting maximum power dissipation, the
resistor reduces change in power dissipation as the
display changes. The effect is caused by the fact that,
as fewer segments are ON, each ON output drops
more voltage and current. For the best case of six segments (a “111” display) to worst case (a “1888” display),
the resistor circuit will change about 230mW, while a
circuit without the resistor will change about 470mW.
Therefore, the resistor will reduce the effect of display
dissipation on reference voltage drift by about 50%.
TP
4
21
20
Display
B
1.5W, 1/4Ω
C
1N4001
7.000
6.000
2.00
2.50
3.00
3.50
4.00
Output Voltage (V)
Reduced power dissipation is very easy to obtain.
Figure 6-2 shows two ways: either a 5.1Ω, 1/4W resistor, or a 1A diode placed in series with the display (but
not in series with the TC7117/TC7117A). The resistor
reduces the TC7117/TC7117A's output voltage (when
all 24 segments are ON) to Point C of Figure 6-1. When
segments turn off, the output voltage will increase. The
diode, however, will result in a relatively steady output
voltage, around Point B.
 2002 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS21457B-page 13
TC7116/A/TC7117/A
FIGURE 6-3:
TC7116/TC7117A USING THE INTERNAL REFERENCE
(200mV FULL SCALE, 3 READINGS PER SECOND - RPS)
TC7116
TC7116A
FIGURE 6-4:
Set VREF = 100mV
100kΩ
100pF
22kΩ
0.1pF
1kΩ
1MΩ
+
In
0.01µF
+
0.47µF
–
47kΩ
9V
–
0.22µF
To Display
To Backplane
TC7117/TC7117A INTERNAL REFERENCE
(200mV FULL SCALE, 3 RPS, VIN- TIED TO GND FOR SINGLE ENDED INPUTS)
TC7117
TC7117A
DS21457B-page 14
40
39
38
37
36
35
34
33
32
31
30
29
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
40
39
38
37
36
35
34
33
32
31
30
29
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
Set VREF = 100mV
100kΩ
100pF
22kΩ
+5V
0.1pF
1kΩ
1MΩ
+
In
0.01µF
0.47µF
–
47kΩ
0.22µF
-5V
To Display
 2002 Microchip Technology Inc.
TC7116/A/TC7117/A
FIGURE 6-5:
CIRCUIT FOR DEVELOPING UNDER RANGE AND OVER RANGE SIGNALS
FROM TC7116/TC7117A OUTPUTS
V+
40
To Logic VCC
35
TC7116
TC7116A
26
O/R
To Logic
GND
V-
U/R
20
CD4023
or 74C10
FIGURE 6-6:
21
CD4077 O/R = Over Range
U/R = Under Range
TC7117/TC7117A WITH A 1.2 EXTERNAL BANDGAP REFERENCE
(VIN- TIED TO COMMON)
TC7117
TC7117A
 2002 Microchip Technology Inc.
40
39
38
37
36
35
34
33
32
31
30
29
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
100kΩ
Set VREF = 100mV
100pF
10kΩ
0.1pF
10kΩ
V+
1kΩ
+
1.2V
0.01µF
0.47µF
In
1MΩ
–
47kΩ
0.22µF
To Display
DS21457B-page 15
TC7116/A/TC7117/A
FIGURE 6-7:
RECOMMENDED COMPONENT VALUES FOR 2V FULL SCALE
(TC7116/TC7116A AND TC7117/TC7117A)
TC7116
TC7116A
TC7117
TC7117A
FIGURE 6-8:
Set VREF = 1V
100kΩ
100pF
24kΩ
V+
0.1µF
25kΩ
1MΩ
+
In
0.01µF
0.047µF
–
470kΩ
0.22µF
V-
To Display
TC7117/TC7117A OPERATED FROM SINGLE +5V SUPPLY
(AN EXTERNAL REFERENCE MUST BE USED IN THIS APPLICATION)
TC7117
TC7117A
DS21457B-page 16
40
39
38
37
36
35
34
33
32
31
30
29
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
40
39
38
37
36
35
34
33
32
31
30
29
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
100kΩ
Set VREF = 100mV
100pF
10kΩ
0.1pF
10kΩ
V+
1kΩ
+
1.2V
0.01µF
0.47µF
In
1MΩ
–
47kΩ
0.22µF
To Display
 2002 Microchip Technology Inc.
TC7116/A/TC7117/A
7.0
PACKAGING INFORMATION
7.1
Package Marking Information
Package marking data not available at this time.
7.2
Taping Form
Component Taping Orientation for 44-Pin PLCC Devices
User Direction of Feed
PIN 1
W
P
Standard Reel Component Orientation
for TR Suffix Device
Carrier Tape, Number of Components Per Reel and Reel Size
Package
44-Pin PLCC
Carrier Width (W)
Pitch (P)
Part Per Full Reel
Reel Size
32 mm
24 mm
500
13 in
Note: Drawing does not represent total number of pins.
Component Taping Orientation for 44-Pin PQFP Devices
User Direction of Feed
PIN 1
W
P
Standard Reel Component Orientation
for TR Suffix Device
Carrier Tape, Number of Components Per Reel and Reel Size
Package
44-Pin PQFP
Carrier Width (W)
Pitch (P)
Part Per Full Reel
Reel Size
24 mm
16 mm
500
13 in
Note: Drawing does not represent total number of pins.
 2002 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS21457B-page 17
TC7116/A/TC7117/A
7.3
Package Dimensions
40-Pin PDIP (Wide)
PIN 1
.555 (14.10)
.530 (13.46)
2.065 (52.45)
2.027 (51.49)
.610 (15.49)
.590 (14.99)
.200 (5.08)
.140 (3.56)
.040 (1.02)
.020 (0.51)
.150 (3.81)
.115 (2.92)
.110 (2.79)
.090 (2.29)
.070 (1.78)
.045 (1.14)
.015 (0.38)
.008 (0.20)
3° MIN.
.700 (17.78)
.610 (15.50)
.022 (0.56)
.015 (0.38)
Dimensions: inches (mm)
40-Pin CERDIP (Wide)
PIN 1
.540 (13.72)
.510 (12.95)
.030 (0.76) MIN.
.098 (2.49) MAX.
2.070 (52.58)
2.030 (51.56)
.620 (15.75)
.590 (15.00)
.060 (1.52)
.020 (0.51)
.210 (5.33)
.170 (4.32)
.150 (3.81)
MIN.
.200 (5.08)
.125 (3.18)
.110 (2.79)
.090 (2.29)
.065 (1.65)
.045 (1.14)
.020 (0.51)
.016 (0.41)
.015 (0.38)
.008 (0.20)
3° MIN.
.700 (17.78)
.620 (15.75)
Dimensions: inches (mm)
DS21457B-page 18
 2002 Microchip Technology Inc.
TC7116/A/TC7117/A
7.3
Package Dimensions (Continued)
44-Pin PLCC
PIN 1
.021 (0.53)
.013 (0.33)
.050 (1.27) TYP.
.695 (17.65)
.685 (17.40)
.630 (16.00)
.591 (15.00)
.656 (16.66)
.650 (16.51)
.032 (0.81)
.026 (0.66)
.020 (0.51) MIN.
.656 (16.66)
.650 (16.51)
.120 (3.05)
.090 (2.29)
.695 (17.65)
.685 (17.40)
.180 (4.57)
.165 (4.19)
Dimenisons: inches (mm)
44-Pin PQFP
7° MAX.
.009 (0.23)
.005 (0.13)
PIN 1
.018 (0.45)
.012 (0.30)
.041 (1.03)
.026 (0.65)
.398 (10.10)
.390 (9.90)
.557 (14.15)
.537 (13.65)
.031 (0.80) TYP.
.398 (10.10)
.390 (9.90)
.557 (14.15)
.537 (13.65)
.010 (0.25) TYP.
.083 (2.10)
.075 (1.90)
.096 (2.45) MAX.
Dimenisons: inches (mm)
 2002 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS21457B-page 19
TC7116/A/TC7117/A
PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM
To order or obtain information, e.g., on pricing or delivery, refer to the factory or the listed sales office.
PART CODE
6 = LCD
7 = LED
TC711X X X
XXX
}
A or blank*
R (reversed pins) or blank (CPL pkg only)
* "A" parts have an improved reference TC
Package Code (see Device Selection Table)
SALES AND SUPPORT
Data Sheets
Products supported by a preliminary Data Sheet may have an errata sheet describing minor operational differences and recommended workarounds. To determine if an errata sheet exists for a particular device, please contact one of the following:
1.
2.
3.
Your local Microchip sales office
The Microchip Corporate Literature Center U.S. FAX: (480) 792-7277
The Microchip Worldwide Site (www.microchip.com)
Please specify which device, revision of silicon and Data Sheet (include Literature #) you are using.
New Customer Notification System
Register on our web site (www.microchip.com/cn) to receive the most current information on our products.
DS21457B-page 20
 2002 Microchip Technology Inc.
TC7116/ATC7117/A
Information contained in this publication regarding device
applications and the like is intended through suggestion only
and may be superseded by updates. It is your responsibility to
ensure that your application meets with your specifications.
No representation or warranty is given and no liability is
assumed by Microchip Technology Incorporated with respect
to the accuracy or use of such information, or infringement of
patents or other intellectual property rights arising from such
use or otherwise. Use of Microchip’s products as critical components in life support systems is not authorized except with
express written approval by Microchip. No licenses are conveyed, implicitly or otherwise, under any intellectual property
rights.
Trademarks
The Microchip name and logo, the Microchip logo, FilterLab,
KEELOQ, microID, MPLAB, PIC, PICmicro, PICMASTER,
PICSTART, PRO MATE, SEEVAL and The Embedded Control
Solutions Company are registered trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. and other countries.
dsPIC, ECONOMONITOR, FanSense, FlexROM, fuzzyLAB,
In-Circuit Serial Programming, ICSP, ICEPIC, microPort,
Migratable Memory, MPASM, MPLIB, MPLINK, MPSIM,
MXDEV, PICC, PICDEM, PICDEM.net, rfPIC, Select Mode
and Total Endurance are trademarks of Microchip Technology
Incorporated in the U.S.A.
Serialized Quick Turn Programming (SQTP) is a service mark
of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A.
All other trademarks mentioned herein are property of their
respective companies.
© 2002, Microchip Technology Incorporated, Printed in the
U.S.A., All Rights Reserved.
Printed on recycled paper.
Microchip received QS-9000 quality system
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and Mountain View, California in March 2002.
The Company’s quality system processes and
procedures are QS-9000 compliant for its
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devices, Serial EEPROMs, microperipherals,
non-volatile memory and analog products. In
addition, Microchip’s quality system for the
design and manufacture of development
systems is ISO 9001 certified.
 2002 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS21457B-page 21
WORLDWIDE SALES AND SERVICE
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223 Hing Fong Road
Kwai Fong, N.T., Hong Kong
Tel: 852-2401-1200 Fax: 852-2401-3431
New York
Toronto
6285 Northam Drive, Suite 108
Mississauga, Ontario L4V 1X5, Canada
Tel: 905-673-0699 Fax: 905-673-6509
India
Microchip Technology Inc.
India Liaison Office
Divyasree Chambers
1 Floor, Wing A (A3/A4)
No. 11, O’Shaugnessey Road
Bangalore, 560 025, India
Tel: 91-80-2290061 Fax: 91-80-2290062
Korea
Microchip Technology Korea
168-1, Youngbo Bldg. 3 Floor
Samsung-Dong, Kangnam-Ku
Seoul, Korea 135-882
Tel: 82-2-554-7200 Fax: 82-2-558-5934
Singapore
Microchip Technology Singapore Pte Ltd.
200 Middle Road
#07-02 Prime Centre
Singapore, 188980
Tel: 65-6334-8870 Fax: 65-6334-8850
Taiwan
Microchip Technology Taiwan
11F-3, No. 207
Tung Hua North Road
Taipei, 105, Taiwan
Tel: 886-2-2717-7175 Fax: 886-2-2545-0139
EUROPE
Denmark
Microchip Technology Nordic ApS
Regus Business Centre
Lautrup hoj 1-3
Ballerup DK-2750 Denmark
Tel: 45 4420 9895 Fax: 45 4420 9910
France
Microchip Technology SARL
Parc d’Activite du Moulin de Massy
43 Rue du Saule Trapu
Batiment A - ler Etage
91300 Massy, France
Tel: 33-1-69-53-63-20 Fax: 33-1-69-30-90-79
Germany
Microchip Technology GmbH
Gustav-Heinemann Ring 125
D-81739 Munich, Germany
Tel: 49-89-627-144 0 Fax: 49-89-627-144-44
Italy
Microchip Technology SRL
Centro Direzionale Colleoni
Palazzo Taurus 1 V. Le Colleoni 1
20041 Agrate Brianza
Milan, Italy
Tel: 39-039-65791-1 Fax: 39-039-6899883
United Kingdom
Arizona Microchip Technology Ltd.
505 Eskdale Road
Winnersh Triangle
Wokingham
Berkshire, England RG41 5TU
Tel: 44 118 921 5869 Fax: 44-118 921-5820
03/01/02
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DS21457B-page 22
 2002 Microchip Technology Inc.