MIC5232 10mA Ultra-Low Quiescent Current µCap LDO General Description Features • • • • • • The MIC5232 is an ultra-low quiescent current, lowdropout linear regulator that is capable of operating from a single-cell lithium ion battery. Consuming only 1.8µA of quiescent current while operating, the MIC5232 is ideal for stand-by applications like powering real-time clocks or memory in battery operated electronics. The MIC5232 is capable of providing 10mA of output current and has low output noise, providing a small, efficient solution ideal for any keep-alive application. Including reverse current protection, keeping reverse leakage (VOUT > VIN) down to 20nA. • • • • The MIC5232 is a µCap design, operating with very small ceramic output capacitors for stability, reducing required board space and component cost. Input voltage range: 2.7V to 7.0V Ultra-low Iq: Only 1.8µA operating current Stable with 0.47µF ceramic output capacitor Low dropout voltage of 100mV @ 10mA Reverse Battery Protection High output accuracy: – +2.0% initial accuracy – +3.0% over temperature Logic-Level Enable Input Miniature 6-pin 2mm x 2mm MLF® package Lead-Free Thin SOT-23-5 Package Tight Load and Line Regulation Applications • • • • The MIC5232 is available in fixed output voltages in the miniature 6-pin 2mm x 2mm MLF® package and thin SOT-23-5 package with an operating junction temperature range of -40°C to 125°C. Real-Time Clock Power Supply Stand-by Power Supply SRAM Memory Back-up Supply Cellular Telephones and Notebook Computers Typical Application MIC5232-1.2YD5 VIN 3.6V VIN 1µF 3.0 2.7 VOUT 1.2V VOUT 2.4 2.1 0.47µF ceramic EN Ground Pin Current vs. Input Voltage 1.8 1.5 GND 1.2 0.9 0.6 0.3 VOUT = 1.2V IOUT = 100µA COUT = 0.47µF 0 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 6.5 7 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) 1.5 Real-Time Clock Back-up Supply MLF and MicroLeadFrame are registered trademarks of Amkor Technology, Inc. Micrel Inc. • 2180 Fortune Drive • San Jose, CA 95131 • USA • tel +1 (408) 944-0800 • fax + 1 (408) 474-1000 • http://www.micrel.com November 2006 1 M9999-112006-B Micrel, Inc. MIC5232 Block Diagram Ordering Information Part Number (1) Voltage Junction Temperature Range Package Lead Finish MIC5232-1.2YD5 1.2V –40°C to +125°C TSOT-23-5 Pb-Free MIC5232-3.3YD5 3.3V –40°C to +125°C TSOT-23-5 Pb-Free MIC5232-1.2YML 1.2V –40°C to +125°C 6-Pin 2mm x 2mm MLF ® MIC5232-3.3YML 3.3V –40°C to +125°C 6-Pin 2mm x 2mm MLF ® Pb-Free Pb-Free Note: 1. Other voltages available. Contact Micrel Inc. for more details. November 2006 2 M9999-112006-B Micrel, Inc. MIC5232 Pin Configuration EN GND VIN 1 2 3 4 NC EN 1 6 NC GND 2 5 NC 4 VOUT VIN 3 5 VOUT MIC5232-x.xYD5 TSOT-23-5 (D5) EP MIC5232-x.xYML 2mm x 2mm MLF™ (ML) Pin Description Pin Number TSOT-23-5 Pin Number MLF Pin Name Pin Name 1 3 VIN Supply Input. 2 2 GND Ground. 3 1 EN Enable Input. Active High. High = on, Low = off. Do not leave floating. 4 5 NC Not Internally Connected. 5 4 VOUT - 6 NC Not Internally Connected. - EP EP Exposed pad connected-to-ground. November 2006 Output (10mA output current). 3 M9999-112006-B Micrel, Inc. MIC5232 Absolute Maximum Ratings(1) Operating Ratings(2) Supply Input Voltage (VIN) ................................0V to 8V Enable Input Voltage (VEN)...............................0V to 8V Power Dissipation (PD) .................... Internally Limited(3) Junction Temperature (TJ).................. –40°C to +125°C Storage Temperature (TS) .................. –65°C to +150°C Lead Temperature (soldering, 5 sec.) ................. 260°C ESD Rating(4) ......................................................... ±2kV Supply voltage (VIN) ...................................... 2.7V to 7V Enable Input voltage (VEN) ...............................0V to VIN Thermal Resistance TSOT-23-5 (θJA)......................................... 235°C/W MLF-6 (θJA) .................................................. 90°C/W Electrical Characteristics(5) VIN = VOUT + 1.0V, COUT = 0.47µF, IOUT = 100µA, TJ = 25°C, bold values indicate –40°C to +125°C, unless noted. Parameter Output Voltage Accuracy Conditions Variation from nominal VOUT Variation from nominal VOUT; -40C to +125C Min -2.0 -3.0 Typ Max +2.0 +3.0 Units % % ppm/C 40 Output Voltage Temp. Coefficient Line Regulation VIN = VOUT +1V to7V; 0.02 0.25 %/V Load Regulation IOUT = 10µA to 10mA 0.2 1.0 1.5 IOUT = 100µA IOUT = 10mA 60 100 300 % % mV mV IOUT = 10µA VEN < 0.18V 1.8 0.1 3 1.5 µA µA VOUT = 0V VOUT = VIN + 1V f = 10Hz f = 1kHz COUT =0.47µF; 10Hz to 100kHz 70 0.02 55 35 400 120 1 mA µA dB dB µVrms 0.18 V V nA nA ms (6) Dropout Voltage Ground Pin Current Ground Pin Current in Shutdown Current Limit Reverse Current (VOUT > VIN) Ripple Rejection Output Voltage Noise Enable Input Enable Input Voltage Enable Input Current Turn-on Time Logic Low (Regulator Shutdown) Logic High (Regulator Enabled) VIL < 0.18V (Regulator Shutdown) VIH > 1.4V (Regulator Enabled) (7) COUT = 0.47µF 1.4 1 1 0.75 1.5 Notes: 1. Exceeding the absolute maximum rating may damage the device. 2. The device is not guaranteed to function outside its operating rating. 3. The maximum allowable power dissipation of any TA (ambient temperature) is PD(max) = TJ(max) – TA) / θJA. Exceeding the maximum allowable power dissipation will result in excessive die temperature. 4. Devices are ESD sensitive. Handling precautions recommended. 5. Specification for packaged product only. 6. Dropout voltage is defined as the input-to-output differential at which the output voltage drops 2% below its nominal VOUT. For outputs below 2.7V, dropout voltage is the input-to-output differential with the minimum input voltage 2.7V. 7. Turn-on time is measured from 10% of the positive edge of the enable signal to 90% of the rising edge of the output voltage of the regulator. November 2006 4 M9999-112006-B Micrel, Inc. MIC5232 Typical Characteristics 120 DROPOUT VOLTAGE (mV) 80 70 60 40 30 20 VOUT = 3.3V VIN = VOUT + 1V 10 IOUT = 100µA COUT = 0.47µF 0 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 FREQUENCY (kHz) DROPOUT VOLTAGE (mV) 160 1000 Dropout Voltage vs. Temperature 140 80 60 60 40 20 VOUT = 3.3V COUT = 0.47µF 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 OUTPUT CURRENT (mA) 1.4 VOUT = 3.3V IOUT = 10mA COUT = 0.47µF 20 100 120 TEMPERATURE (°C) Ground Pin Current vs. Output Current 12 8 6 4 VOUT = 3.3V VIN = VOUT + 1V COUT = 0.47µF 2 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 OUTPUT CURRENT (mA) Ground Pin Current vs. Temperature 6 4 2 0 November 2006 10 2.9 2.7 2.6 VOUT = 1.2V COUT = 0.47µF 1 2 3 4 5 6 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) 2.5 7 Ground Pin Current vs. Input Voltage Output Voltage vs. Temperature 14 VOUT = 3.3V VIN = VOUT + 1V COUT = 0.47µF 100 120 TEMPERATURE (°C) Ground Pin Current vs. Input Voltage 12 10 8 6 1.2 0.9 0.6 0.3 4 VOUT = 1.2V IOUT = 100µA COUT = 0.47µF 2 0 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 6.5 7 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) 100 100 120 TEMPERATURE (°C) 2.8 10mA 0.2 3.0 2.7 VOUT = 3.3V IOUT = 100µA COUT = 0.47µF 3 20 VOUT = 3.3V COUT = 0.47µF 0 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 6.5 7 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) 5 VOUT = 1.2V IOUT = 10mA COUT = 0.47µF 0 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 6.5 7 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) Current Limit vs. Input Voltage 40 100 120 TEMPERATURE (°C) 20 0.6 60 VOUT = 3.3V VIN = VOUT + 1V IOUT = 10mA COUT = 0.47µF 30 3.2 3.1 80 8 40 3.3 14 12 10 50 3.4 18 16 60 3.5 2.4 2.1 1.8 1.5 10 70 0.8 100µA 0 0 Dropout Voltage vs. Temperature 80 0 Output Voltage vs. Input Voltage 0.4 40 0 GROUND CURRENT (µA) 80 1 100 20 100 1.2 120 14 90 1 ENABLE THRESHOLD (V) dB 50 Dropout Voltage vs. Output Current DROPOUT VOLTAGE (mV) Power Supply Rejection Ratio Enable-On Threshold vs. Temperature 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 VOUT = 3.3V VIN = 4.3V COUT = 0.47µF 100 120 TEMPERATURE (°C) M9999-112006-B Micrel, Inc. MIC5232 Typical Characteristics (continued) 90 1200 80 1000 800 600 400 VOUT = 1.2V VIN = 2.7V 200 COUT = 0.47µF IOUT = 100µA 0 100 120 TEMPERATURE (°C) 1E+02 SHORT CUIRCUIT (mA) 1400 Short Circuit Current vs. Temperature 70 60 50 40 30 20 VOUT = 0V VIN = 4.3V COUT = 0.47µF 10 0 100 120 TEMPERATURE (°C) 100 REVERSE CURRENT (nA) (VOUT CURRENT) Turn-On Time Reverse Leakage Current (V OUT > VIN) 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 2.5 VIN = 2.7V COUT = 0.47µF 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) Output Noise Spectral Density 1E+01 1E-00 1E-01 VOUT = 1.2V VIN = 4.3V ROUT COUT = 0.47µF 1E-02 0.1 100 FREQUENCY (kHz) November 2006 6 M9999-112006-B Micrel, Inc. MIC5232 Functional Characteristics Output Current (5mA/div) Load Transient Response 0V 10mA 100µA Output Voltage (50mV/div) Output Voltage (0.5V/div) Enable Voltage (2V/div) Enable Turn-On Transient 0V VOUT = 1.2V IOUT = 100mA COUT = 0.47µF VIN = VOUT + 1V VOUT = 3.3V COUT = 0.47µF Time (200µs/div) Time (100µs/div) Line Transient Response 6V Output Voltage (200mV/div) Input Voltage (2V/div) 4V 0V VOUT = 3.3V IOUT = 1mA COUT = 0.47µF 0V Time (200µs/div) November 2006 7 M9999-112006-B Micrel, Inc. MIC5232 PD = (4.3V – 3.3V) • 10mA PD = 0.01W To determine the maximum ambient operating temperature of the package, use the junction-toambient thermal resistance of the device and the following basic equation: Application Information Input Capacitor If there is more than 20cm of wire between IN and the ac filter capacitor or if supplied from a battery, a 1µF (or larger) capacitor should be placed from the IN (supply input) to GND (ground). PD(max) = Output Capacitors The MIC5232 requires an output capacitor for stability. A 0.47µF, or larger capacitor, is recommended between OUT (output) and GND to improve the regulator’s transient response. A 0.47µF capacitor can be used to reduce overshoot recovery time at the expense of overshoot amplitude. The ESR (effective series resistance) of this capacitor has no effect on regulator stability, but low-ESR capacitors improve the high frequency transient response. The value of this capacitor may be increased without limit, but values larger than 10µF tend to increase the settling time after a step change in input voltage or output current. θ JA TJ(max) = 125°C, the max. junction temperature of the die, θJA thermal resistance = 90°C/W Table 1 shows junction-to-ambient thermal resistance for the MIC5232 in the 2mm x 2mm MLF®-6 package. θJA Recommended Package Minimum Footprint ® 2mm x 2mm MLF -6 90°C/W θJC 2°C/W Table 1. MLF Thermal Resistance Substituting PD for PD(max), and solving for the ambient operating temperature, will give the maximum operating conditions for the regulator circuit. The junction-to-ambient thermal resistance for the minimum footprint is 90°C/W, from Table 1. The maximum power dissipation must not be exceeded for proper operation. For example, when operating the MIC5232-3.3BML at an input voltage of 4.3V and 10mA load with a minimum footprint layout, the maximum ambient operating temperature TA can be determined as follows: Minimum Load Current The MIC5232 does not require a minimum load for proper operation. This allows the device to operate in applications where very light output currents are required for keep-alive purposes. This is important for powering SRAM or Flash memory in low-power modes for handheld devices. Safe Operating Conditions The MIC5232 incorporates current limit in the design. There is also reverse circuit protection circuitry built into the device. The maximum junction temperature for the device is +125°C, and it is important that this is not exceeded for any length of time. 0.01W = 125°C − T A 90°C / W TA = 124°C Therefore, a 3.3V application at 10mA of output current can accept an ambient operating temperature of 124°C in a 2mm x 2mm MLF®-6 package. For a full discussion of heat sinking and thermal effects on voltage regulators, refer to the “Regulator Thermals” section of Micrel’s “Designing with Low-Dropout Voltage Regulators” handbook. This information can be found on Micrel's website at: http://www.micrel.com/_PDF/other/LDOBk_ds.pdf Thermal Considerations The MIC5232 is designed to provide 10mA of continuous current in a very small package. Maximum ambient operating temperature can be calculated based on the output current and the voltage drop across the part. Given that the input voltage is 4.3V, the output voltage is 3.3V and the output current = 10mA. The actual power dissipation of the regulator circuit can be determined using the equation: PD = (VIN – VOUT) IOUT + VIN IGND Because this device is CMOS and the ground current is typically <15µA over the load range, the power dissipation contributed by the ground current is < 1% and can be ignored for this calculation. November 2006 T J (max) − T A 8 M9999-112006-B Micrel, Inc. MIC5232 Package Information 5-Pin TSOT-23 (D5) ® 6-Pin 2mm x 2mm MLF (ML) November 2006 9 M9999-112006-B Micrel, Inc. MIC5232 MICREL, INC. 2180 FORTUNE DRIVE SAN JOSE, CA 95131 USA TEL +1 (408) 944-0800 FAX +1 (408) 474-1000 WEB http:/www.micrel.com The information furnished by Micrel in this data sheet is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Micrel for its use. Micrel reserves the right to change circuitry and specifications at any time without notification to the customer. Micrel Products are not designed or authorized for use as components in life support appliances, devices or systems where malfunction of a product can reasonably be expected to result in personal injury. Life support devices or systems are devices or systems that (a) are intended for surgical implant into the body or (b) support or sustain life, and whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to result in a significant injury to the user. A Purchaser’s use or sale of Micrel Products for use in life support appliances, devices or systems is a Purchaser’s own risk and Purchaser agrees to fully indemnify Micrel for any damages resulting from such use or sale. © 2005 Micrel, Inc. November 2006 10 M9999-112006-B