Ordering number : ENN8085 SANYO Semiconductors DATA SHEET LA1776M Monolithic Linear IC Single-Chip Tuner IC for Car Radios Overview The LA1776M integrates all six blocks required in a car radio tuner on a single chip. Functions • • • • • • • FM front end FM IF Noise canceller Multiplex AM up-conversion FM/AM switch MRC Feature • • • • • • • • • • • • Reduced noise in the mixer and amplifier blocks for improved performance Increased FM front end mixer dynamic range for improved three signal characteristics Improved AM practical sensitivity and saturated signal-to-noise ratio S-meter sample-to-sample variations can be improved by using the FM S-meter shift function (Fixed resistors can be used for the SD, keyed AGC, muting on adjustment, muting attenuation, SNC, and HCC.) High-speed searching can be implemented using the FM band mute time constant switching function. Superb listenability provided by improved medium and weak field noise canceller characteristics. Improved separation temperature dependency characteristics Excellent FM S-meter voltage linearity Noise rejection improved by modifications to the NC circuit Sample-to-sample variation correction circuit (zapping) in the FM IF circuit Stopping at stations with heavy interference is prevented by increasing the AM wide AGC sensitivity by 10 dB during seek operations Built-in anti-birdie filter Any and all SANYO products described or contained herein do not have specifications that can handle applications that require extremely high levels of reliability, such as life-support systems, aircraft's control systems, or other applications whose failure can be reasonably expected to result in serious physical and/or material damage. Consult with your SANYO representative nearest you before using any SANYO products described or contained herein in such applications. SANYO assumes no responsibility for equipment failures that result from using products at values that exceed, even momentarily, rated values (such as maximum ratings, operating condition ranges, or other parameters) listed in products specifications of any and all SANYO products described or contained herein. SANYO Electric Co.,Ltd. Semiconductor Company TOKYO OFFICE Tokyo Bldg., 1-10, 1 Chome, Ueno, Taito-ku, TOKYO, 110-8534 JAPAN 40706 MS OT B8-7756 No.8085-1/41 LA1776M Specifications Maximum Ratings at Ta = 25°C Parameter Maximum supply voltage Allowable power dissipation Symbol Conditions VCC1 max Pins 5, 40, and 61 VCC2 max Pins 9, 46, 54, 59, and 60 Pd max Ratings Unit 9 Ta ≤ 85°C V 12 V 950 mW Operating temperature Topr –40 to +85 °C Storage temperature Tstg –40 to +150 °C Recommended Operating Conditions at Ta = 25°C Parameter Maximum Recommended supply voltage Operating supply voltage range Symbol VCC VCCST IND Conditions Ratings Unit Pins 5, 9, 40, 46, 54, 59, 60, and 61 8 V Pin 39 5 V 7.5 to 8.5 V VCC op Function List FM Front End (Equivalent to the Sanyo LA1193) • Double input type double balanced mixer, base injection • Pin diode drive AGC output • MOSFET second gate drive AGC output • Keyed AGC adjustment pin • Differential IF amplifier • Wide band AGC sensitivity setting pin, and narrow band AGC sensitivity setting pin FM IF • IF limiter amplifier • S-meter output (also used for AM) 6-stage pickup • Multipath detection pin (shared FM signal meter) • Quadrature detection • AF preamplifier • AGC output • Band muting • Soft muting adjustment pin • Muting attenuation adjustment pin • IF counter buffer output (also used for AM) • SD (IF counter buffer on level) adjustment pin • SD output (active high) (also used for AM) • Time constant switching during band muting • S-meter shifter Noise Canceller • High-pass filter (first order) • Delay circuit based low-pass filter (fourth order) • Noise AGC • Pilot signal compensation circuit • Noise sensitivity setting pin • Function for disabling the noise canceller in AM mode Multiplex Functions • Adjustment-free VCO circuit • Level follower type pilot canceller circuit • HCC (high cut control) • Automatic stereo/mono switching • VCO oscillation stop function (AM mode) • Forced monaural function • SNC (stereo noise controller) No.8085-2/41 LA1776M • Stereo display pin • Anti-birdie filter AM • Double balanced mixer • IF amplifier • Detection • RF AGC (narrow/wide) • Pin diode drive pin • IF AGC • Signal meter output (also used for FM) • Local oscillator circuits (first and second) • Local oscillator buffer output • IF counter buffer output (also used by the FM IF) • SD (IF counter buffer on level) adjustment pin • SD output (active high) (also used for AM) • Wide AGC • Detection output frequency characteristics adjustment pin (low cut, high deemphasis) • AM stereo buffer MRC (multipath noise rejection circuit) AM/FM switching output (linked to the FM VCC) No.8085-3/41 LA1776M Operating Characteristics at Ta = 25°C, VCC= 8.0V, with the specified test circuit and for standards other than Sanyo's for the FM IF input Ratings Parameter Symbol Conditions min typ max unit [FM Characteristics] At the FM IF input Current drain ICCO-AM Demodulation output VO-FM Pin 31 demodulation output VO-31 Channel balance Total harmonic distortion CB No input, I9 + I40 + I46 + I54 + I59 + I60 + I61 78 93 112 mA 10.7 MHz, 100dBµ, 1 kHz, 100%mod, The pin 15 output 205 310 415 mVrms 10.7 MHz, 100dBµ, 1 kHz, 100%mod, The pin 31 output 190 295 380 mVrms The ratio between pins 15 and 16 at 10.7 MHz, 100 dBµ, 1 kHz –1 0 +1 dB 0.3 1 THD-FM mono 10.7 MHz, 100 dBµ, 1 kHz, 100% mod, pin 15 Signal-to-noise ratio: IF S/N-FM IF 10.7 MHz, 100 dBµ, 1 kHz, 100% mod, pin 15 68 76 dB AM suppression ratio: IF AMR IF dB Muting attenuation Separation 10.7 MHz, 100 dBµ, 1 kHz, fm = 1 kHz, 30% AM, pin 15 55 68 Att-1 10.7 MHz, 100 dBµ, 1 kHz. The pin 15 attenuation when V33 goes from 0 to 2 V 5 10 15 dB Att-2 10.7 MHz, 100 dBµ, 1 kHz. The pin 15 attenuation when V33 goes from 0 to 2 V*1 16 21 26 dB Att-3 10.7 MHz, 100 dBµ, 1 kHz. The pin 15 attenuation when V33 goes from 0 to 2 V*2 26 31 36 dB 10.7 MHz, 100 dBµ, L+R = 90%, pilot = 10%. The pin 15 output ratio 30 40 Separation Stereo on level ST-ON The pilot modulation such that V39< 0.5 V 2.3 3.5 Stereo off level ST-OFF The pilot modulation such that V39> 3.5 V 0.6 1.6 Main total harmonic distortion % THD-Main L 10.7 MHz, 100 dBµ, L+R = 90%, pilot = 10%. The pin 15 signal 0.3 dB 5.5 % % 1.2 % Pilot cancellation PCAN 10.7 MHz, 100 dBµ, pilot = 10%. The pin 15 signal/the pilot level leakage. DIN audio SNC output attenuation AttSNC 10.7 MHz, 100 dBµ, L-R = 90%, pilot = 10%. V28 = 3 V → 0.6 V, pin 15 4 8 12 dB AttHCC-1 10.7 MHz, 100 dBµ, 10 kHz, L+R = 90%, pilot = 10%. V29 = 3 V → 0.6 V, pin 15 2 6 10 dB AttHCC-2 10.7 MHz, 100 dBµ, 10 kHz, L+R = 90%, pilot = 10%. V29 = 3 V → 0.1 V, pin 15 7 11 15 dB 100 dBµ, 10.7 MHz, 30% modulation. The IF input such that the input reference output goes down by 3 dB 35 42 49 dBµ The IF input level (unmodulated) when V33 = 2 V 45 53 61 dBµ The IF input level (unmodulated) (over 100 mV rms) such that the IF counter buffer output goes on 72 80 88 dBµ HCC output attenuation Input limiting voltage Muting sensitivity SD sensitivity Vi-lim Vi-mute SD-sen1 FM SD-sen2 FM IF counter buffer output Signal meter output Muting bandwidth Mute drive output 20 30 dB Unmodulated IF input such that the SD pin goes to the on state 72 80 80 dBµ VIFBUFF-FM 10.7 MHz, 100 dBµ, unmodulated. The pin 23 output 150 230 300 mVrms VSM FM-1 No input. The pin 24 DC output, unmodulated 0.1 0.3 V VSM FM-2 60 dBµ. The pin 24 DC output, unmodulated 0.6 1.2 1.8 V VSM FM-3 80 dBµ. The pin 24 DC output, unmodulated 2.0 2.7 3.5 V VSM FM-4 110 dBµ. The pin 24 DC output, unmodulated 4.5 5.2 5.9 V BW-mute 100 dBµ. The bandwidth when V33 = 2 V, unmodulated 150 220 290 kHz VMUTE-0 No input. The pin 33 DC output, unmodulated 1.8 2.5 3.3 V VMUTE-100 100 dBµ, 0 dBµ. The pin 33 DC output, unmodulated 0 0.1 0.2 V N-AGC on input VN-AGC 83 MHz, unmodulated. The input such that the pin 2 voltage is 2.0 V or below 83 90 97 dBµ W-AGC on input VWAGC 83 MHz, unmodulated. The input such that the pin 2 voltage is 2.0 V or below. (When the keyed AGC is set to 4.0 V.) 98 104 110 dBµ [FM FE Mixer Input Conversion gain Oscillator buffer output A.V VOSCBUFFFM 83 MHz, 80 dBµ, unmodulated. The FE CF output 90 140 220 mVrms No input 85 110 165 mVrms V24 = 5 V 2.9 3.0 3.1 V The pin 26 input level at f = 70 kHz such that pin 24 goes to 5 V and pin 27 goes to 2 V 35 55 70 mVrms [Multipath Rejection Circuit] MRC input (pin 27) MRC output MRC operating level VMRC MRC-ON Continued on next page. No.8085-4/41 LA1776M Continued from preceding page. Ratings Parameter Symbol Conditions min typ max unit [AM Characteristics] AM ANT input Practical sensitivity S/N-30 1 MHz, 30 dBµ, fm = 1 kHz, 30% modulation, pin 15 20 Detector output VO-AM 1 MHz, 74 dBµ, fm = 1 kHz, 30% modulation, pin 15 140 210 280 mVrms VO-AM31 1 MHz, 74 dBµ, fm = 1 kHz, 30% modulation, pin 31 130 190 260 mVms VAGC-FOM 1 MHz, 74 dBµ, referenced to the output, the input amplitude such that the output falls by 10 dB. Pin 15 51 56 61 dB 50 Pin 31 detector output AGC F.O.M. Signal-to-noise ratio S/N-AM 1 MHz, 74 dBµ, fm = 1 kHz, 30% modulation Total harmonic distortion THD-AM 1 MHz, 74 dBµ, fm = 1 kHz, 80% modulation Signal meter output Oscillator buffer output Wide band AGC sensitivity SD sensitivity IF buffer output dB 56 dB 0.3 1 % V VSM AM-1 No input 0.0 0.1 0.5 VSM AM-2 1 MHz, 130 dBµ, unmodulated 3.9 4.9 6.8 VOSCBUFF AM No input, the pin 15 output 185 230 W-AGCsen1 1.4 MHz, the input when V48 = 0.7 V 89 95 101 W-AGCsen2 1.4 MHz, the input when V48 = 0.7 V (seek mode) 80 86 92 dBµ SD-sen1 AM 1 MHz, the ANT input level such that the IF counter output turns on. 24 30 36 dBµ SD-sen2 AM 1 MHz, the ANT input level such that the SD pin goes to the on state. 24 30 36 1 MHz, 74 dBµ, unmodulated. The pin 23 output 180 220 VIFBUFF-AM V mVrms dBµ dBµ mVrms Note: These measurements must be made using the either the IC-51-0644-692 IC socket (manufactured by Yamaichi Electronics). * 1. When the resistor between pin 58 and ground is 200 kΩ. * 2. When the resistor between pin 58 and ground is 30 kΩ. Package Dimensions Unit:mm Allowable power dissipation, Pdmax – mW 3159A Mounted on a 40 × 18 × 1.3 mm3 glass epoxy printed circuit board Ambient temperature, Ta – ºC No.8085-5/41 AC2 AC4 AC3 65pF 300Ω 50Ω VD 1 FM RF AGC 50Ω 50Ω VA6 AN Vcc 50Ω 100µH 15pF 30Ω 0.022µF 50Ω 30MH 75Ω FC18G 620Ω 100kΩ 0.022µF 1MH 470Ω 15pF 15pF GND SW8 SW7 30kΩ 200kΩ + 47µF 0.022µF 13kΩ 0.022µF 100µH 30Ω 18kΩ 100kΩ 470Ω FE Vcc 1000pF 64 63 62 61 60 59 58 57 56 55 54 53 52 51 50 49 SW3 0.022µF SW2 3pF 470Ω 0.022µF 330Ω AM IF2 AM IF2 AMIF AGC + ANT D 1 LEVEL DET AM X OSC Vsm 3 30kΩ 44 4 5 FM OSC AM OSC N-AGC W-AGC KEYED AGC AM W AGC AM N AGC ANT D AM RF AGC drive FM OSC BUFF FM Vt 2 45 + 3.3µF 68kΩ MUTE AM OSC BUFF AM/FM MIX FM RF AGC 1st IF AMP 46 AMDET AMLC 47 56kΩ AM MIX AM 48 + 3.3µF 1µF CF OUT SVC208 18pF VA6 4pF 7 NC AGC + 0.022µF 0.022µF NC LPF FM Vsm s mut H det FM AFC VA1 HPF OUT VA9 11 38 22kΩ 12 SNC 2SC536 VA10 LPF OUT 10µF 33 16 Sub De coder MATRIX pilot can pilot det tri ger MRC noise amp time const MRC out2 2.2µF 0.022µF L-ch VA3 15 FF 19K VCO 14 , X TAL 13 Main HC FF FF 38K 34 9pF + phase comp AM/FM SW REG FE VCO stop FM/AM SD ST IND REG AM IF count SW REG FM IF MUTE 35 IF count AMP 36 1kΩ REG NC.MPX REG 2.7V 37 HCC 0.1µF 6800pF 0.01µF 10.25MHz 10 30kΩ AM Vt 9 8 + GATE TRIG REG BUFF Mute ATT control MUTE AMP. Q.DET 39 + 1µF + FM 8V AM 0V 40 + 100kΩ 5V SD/ST IND 0.022µF VD2 100µF 2SC536 OSC Buffer SW1 10µF 6 ECL ECL ECL ECL ECL Zap IF AMP IF AMP IF AMP IF AMP IF AMP 41 39kΩ MUTE drive NC HPF 42 + IF AMP 43 10kΩ 20pF 25pF 0.01µF 3kΩ 1µF 2MΩ R-ch VA4 0.015µF GND 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 0.22µF 022µF 8V 2SK212 0.22µF 0.047µF VR2 100kΩ CSB 912JF108 0.01µF SW9 20kΩ VR1 + + 100kΩ 100kΩ SW4 1000pF 8200pF 10µF 1kΩ + 0.022µF + + + 300pF + 0.015µF VCC 4.3kΩ Mute D FMS VD5 SW10 VA8 0.01µF VCO OUT IF Buffer VA2 SW5 SW6 5V 50kΩ 1kΩ Vcc3 PG1 AC1 Vcc2 50kΩ Vsm MRC IN MRC OUT VD4 SNC HCC 022µF VA11 DET OUT + 0.022µF KETED AGC LA1776M LA1776M AC Test Circuit No.8085-6/41 AM VCC 8V 100µH 0.022µF 75Ω 1000pF + 1000pF 470Ω + AM/FM ANT IN FE GND 100Ω 0.1µF 1000pF 0.022µF 15pF 15pF 100µH AM IF IN1 FM IF IN1 57 56 54 FM WB AGC AM SD ADJ 55 AM MIX OUT 64 63 62 61 FE VCC 10pF MIX IN 10pF MIX IN AM MIX IN FE VCC AM/FM VT 0.001µF 59 MIX OUT 60 MIX OUT 47pF IN FM NB AGC MUTE ATT 58 SVC208 220kΩ 52 51 AM IF OUT FM IF OUT 53 AF AGC 100kΩ 100kΩ 49 AM IF IN2 50 AM 2nd MIX IN 220Ω 0.022µF 30MH AM ANT 1000pF 1000pF 15pF 0.022µF 620Ω 100kΩ SVC208 0.022µF 30Ω 0.022µF 100kΩ 22µF 1MH 100kΩ 200Ω 100µH 180Ω 33Ω FC18G 100kΩ 12pF 100kΩ 100Ω 0.022µF AM IF IN 100kΩ AM IF1 AM IF2 AMIF AGC ANT D 65kΩ 1 LEVEL DET AM X OSC Vsm + 2 AGC 44 4 6 ECL ECL ECL ECL ECL Zap 40 + NC LPF FM Vsm s mute H det FM AFC 9 8 + GATE TRIG AM/FM OSC BUFF 30kΩ 7 NC AGC IF AMP IF AMP IF AMP IF AMP IF AMP 41 MUTE drive NC HPF 42 + IF AMP 43 10kΩ AM/FM SW 5 FM OSC AM OSC N-AGC W-AGC KEYED AGC AM W AGC AM N AGC ANT D AM RF AGC drive AM OSC BUFF 3 45 + MUTE AM OSC BUFF AM/FM MIX FM RF AGC 1st IF AMP 46 AMDET AMLC 47 AM MIX AM 48 AM ANT D AM WAGC IN 1µF FM ANT D 100kΩ min:5kΩ 8pF RF AGC BYPASS FM RF1µF AGC 3.3µF MUTE ON ADJ AM IF AGC FM OSC KEYED AGC 33pF 22pF 1000pF 33kΩ 1µF NOISE AGC SEN 150kΩ FM SD ADJ 3 1 PILOT DET AM LC AGC ADJ 100µF 2 – + 0.47µF AM/FM OSC BUFF 300pF 0.022µF 10 REG BUFF Mute ATT control MUTE AMP. Q.DET 39 AM/FM SD ST IND HOLD + AM OSC 100kΩ 6800pF 56kΩ 11 38 + LPF OUT AM IFT FE GND SVC208 18pF 1µF 0.022µF 12 SNC 13 Main HC FF FF 38K 15 FF 19K VOC 14 34 phase comp FM/AM SW FM/AM SD ST IND + 9pF IF COUNT SW 10.25kHz IN REG FE REG AM REG FM IF SW 35 1.3kΩ IF COUNT AMP VCO stop 36 REG NC.MPX REG 2.7V 37 30kΩ HCC 0.01µF VCC 8V 10.25M IN 2.2µF 0.022µF MUTE DRIVE 33 L-ch 16 Sub De coder MATRIX pilot can pilot det tri ger MRC noise amp time const MRC out2 VREF 2.7V 5V R-ch HCC NC IN 8200pF 68kΩ 0.22µF 1000pF 30kΩ + VCO PHASE COM + PHASE COM IF COUNT BUFFER 0.22µF AM/FM VSM GND GND VCC CSB 912kHz SEP ADJ 19 20kΩ 0.047µF 100kµ 18 PI CAN OUT 17 PI CAN 0.01µF IN 20 21 22 23 24 25 MRC OUT 3.3µF 27 MRC GAD ADJ 26 3.3µF 51kΩ SNC 28 29 30 DET OUT 31 0.22µF FM VSM 32 0.015µF AFC IN PLL IN + + NC,MPX GND + MPX OUT L + 0.015µF MPX OUT R + ST IND AM/FM SD 5/2.5/0V IF Buffer FM/AM VSM 47kΩ 0.022µF LA1776M LA1776M Application Circuit Example No.8085-7/41 LA1776M Pin Descriptions Pin No. Pin Description Equivalent circuit VCC 62 pin ANT RF AGC 1000 pF 1 FM antenna damping drive pin An antenna damping current flows when the RF AGC voltage (pin 1) reaches VCC – VD. 500 Ω 100 Ω 1 1000 pF VCC (61pin) FET 2ND GATE + 12 kΩ 2 ANT DAMPING Used to control the FET second gate voltage. 2 RF AGC In AM mode, forcibly set the pin 2 voltage to the low level and apply AGC to the FM RF system. N AGC DET W AGC DET VCC-VD KEYED AGC 3 EF. GND VCC VCC (5 pin) 10 kΩ 4 Oscillator connection 4 FM OSC This pin is designed to drive an external oscillator circuit that uses external transistors and capacitors. 25 pF VT 2 kΩ 20 pF Continued on next page. No.8085-8/41 LA1776M Continued from preceding page. Pin No. Pin Description The pin 5 input voltage state (high or low) switches between AM and FM modes. Equivalent circuit VCC + – 5 + AM/FM switching circuit V5 = high (8 V): FM 5 AM/FM SW FM OSC V5 = low (0 V): AM This level is also used as the FM oscillator circuit VCC. 4V 8V 3 GND 3 kΩ 15 kΩ 3 kΩ 1 kΩ 6 7 Noise AGC sensitivity AGC adjustment 200 Ω After setting up the medium field (about 50 dBµ) sensitivity with the noise sensitivity setting pin (pin 6), set the weak field (about 20 to 30 dBµ) sensitivity with the AGC adjustment pin (pin 7) 6 7 3 kΩ + 2 MΩ 0.01 µF FM OSC 8 AM/FM oscillator buffer output 0.022 µF AM OSC This pin is shared by the AM and FM systems. 8 9 VCC (16 pin) AM system first oscillator 9 AM OSC This oscillator can provide frequencies for use up to the shortwave band. This pin includes an ALC circuit. A L C Continued on next page. No.8085-9/41 LA1776M Continued from preceding page. Pin No. Pin Description Equivalent circuit 0.01µF 12 10 11 Memory circuit connection 6800 pF 11 10 VCC Recording circuit used during noise canceller operation. Differential amp Gate circuit LPF VCC 30 kΩ PLL 12 Pilot input Pin 12 is the PLL circuit input pin. N.C 11 12 0.01 µF 10 kΩ 5.6 V Crystal oscillator circuit 13 AM 2nd OSC 20 pF to 2nd MIX 33 pF Use the HC-49/U-S manufactured by Kinseki, Ltd. CL = 20 pF 13 X tal 10.26 MHz 14 N. C, MPX, MRC, GND Ground for the N, C, MPX, and MRC circuits Continued on next page. No.8085-10/41 LA1776M Continued from preceding page. Pin No. Pin Description Equivalent circuit VCC AM output FM multiplex output 15 16 MPX output (left) MPX output (right) For deemphasis, use the following capacitors: 3.3 kΩ 3.3 kΩ 50 µS: 0.015 µF 75 µS: 0.022 µF 15 16 0.015 µF 0.015 µ F VCC 50 kΩ 17 Pilot canceller signal input Adjustment is required since the pilot signal level varies with the sample-to-sample variations in the IF output level and other parameters. 6.7 kΩ 10 kΩ 17 18 0.01 µF 50 kΩ VCC 18 Pilot canceller signal output Pin 18 is the output pin for the pilot canceller signal. 300 Ω 17 330 Ω 18 0.01 µF 50 kΩ Continued on next page. No.8085-11/41 LA1776M Continued from preceding page. Pin No. Pin Description Equivalent circuit DECODER Composite signal 19 Separation adjustment pin 10 kΩ Use a trimmer to adjust the subdecoder input level. (The output level is not modified in mono and main modes.) 19 20 kΩ 0.01 µF CSB 912 JF108 20 VREF 20 VCO The oscillator frequency is 912 Hz. JF108 VREF 21 22 6 kΩ PHASE COMP 6 kΩ + 19 kHz ∠90º 21 22 + + Continued on next page. No.8085-12/41 LA1776M Continued from preceding page. Pin No. Pin Description Equivalent circuit + – FM SD 23 IF counter buffer seek/stop switching AM SD 3.3 V 3.3 V This pin functions both as the IF counter buffer (AC output) and as the seek/stop switch pin. FM mode + – + – FM SD 1.3 V 5 V (high): Seek mode 2.5 V: High-speed SD mode 0 V (low): Reception mode AM mode 23 51 kΩ 5 V (high): Seek mode 0 V (low): Reception mode STOP 2.5 V/5V VCC 24 FM S-meter AM/FM signal meter 32 Fixed-current drive signal meter output 32 10 kΩ AM S-meter Dedicated FM signal meter 24 10 kΩ The LA1776M supports two methods: detecting IF Smeter wideband components and detecting the noise canceller high-pass filter noise output. 26 MRC AC input AM/FM SW 30 kΩ C1 R2 26 The noise amplifier gain is determined by R2 and the internal 30 kΩ resistor as shown in the figure. Note that the frequency characteristics are determined by C1. + – Dedicated MRC S-meter voltage VCC VCC 7 µA 27 MRC output The MRC detector time constant is determined by a 100 Ω resistor and C2 when discharging and by the 7-µA current and C2 when charging. C2 + 27 100 Ω 28 pin Continued on next page. No.8085-13/41 LA1776M Continued from preceding page. Pin No. Pin Description Equivalent circuit VCC 28 SNC control input The sub-output is controlled by a 0 to 1-V input. 28 VCC 29 HCC control input The high-frequency output is controlled by an input in the 0 to 1 V range. 32 29 + 1000 pF 1 µF VCC 30 Noise canceller input The input impedance is about 50 kΩ. 31 + 0.22 µF 30 50 kΩ 4.2 V Continued on next page. No.8085-14/41 LA1776M Continued from preceding page. Pin No. Pin Description Equivalent circuit VCC FM detector output 31 10 kΩ Pin 30 is the noise canceller input. The input impedance is 50 kΩ R VCC 30 + Noise canceller input Pin 31 is the AM and FM detector output 31 AM/FM detector output In FM mode, this is a low-impedance output. AM detector output 0.22 µF In AM mode, the output impedance is 10 kΩ. The AM detection output can be modified by adjusting the value of R. 30 Noise canceller 50 kΩ VCC VSM 32 32 IF S-meter output FM S-meter output block 1000 pF 10 kΩ 29 C1 0.022 µF • The muting time constant is determined by an external RC circuit as described below. Attack time: TA = 10 kΩ × C1 Release time: TR = 50 kΩ × C1 33 Mute drive output • Noise convergence adjustment The noise convergence when V33 is 2 V will be about 40 dB. (The basis can be varied from 5 to 35 dB for a 1 kHz 22.5 kHz deviation output.) 33 VCC SEEK OFF MUTE AMP. 10 kΩ 50 kΩ *: There is no hole detection function. • Muting off function The muting function is turned off by a 4 kΩ resistor between pin 33 and ground. SOFT MUTE Band muting SD circuit Continued on next page. No.8085-15/41 LA1776M Continued from preceding page. Pin No. Pin Description Equivalent circuit VCC R2 37 VCC Vref: 2.7 V QD output 35 34 VCC VCC VCC Null voltage 34 35 36 36 When tuned, the voltage between pins 34 and 37, V34 – 37, will be 0 V. The band muting function turns on when |V34 – 37| ≥ 0.7 V. Quadrature detector IF limitter amplifier R1: Resistor that determines the width of the band muting function R1 + When R1 is larger ... The band becomes narrower C34 C38 When R1 is smaller ... The band becomes wider 38 Band muting time constant switching The band muting time constants are determined by the following components. During reception: R1, C34, and C38 38 37 34 500 Ω During seek: R1 and C34 Band muting During FM reception: on The band muting time constant can be made smaller by reducing the value of C34. Degradation of total harmonic distortion characteristics at low temperatures can be prevented by make C38 larger. V23 is switched by the voltage mode as described below. FM mode 39 AM/FM SD pin Stereo indicator 5 V: V23 operates in conjunction with the SD pin and IF counter buffer. 2.5 V: V23 operates as the forcible SD mode pin. 0 V: Reception mode AM/FM SD Stereo indicator Seek/stop switching 39 AM mode (There are two modes: 0 V or 5 V.) 5 V: Linked operation with the seek SD pin. 2.5 V: Reception mode, no function. 0 V: Reception mode 5V 19 Continued on next page. No.8085-16/41 LA1776M Continued from preceding page. Pin No. 40 Pin VCC Description Equivalent circuit IF, NC, MPX, VCC R SD Adj 38 41 FM SD 4V The comparison voltage is controlled by an external resistor. 20 kΩ In seek mode, the seek operation will stop when V41 < Vsm. + – SD Comparator 24 Vsm S-meter VCC 19 kHz∠0º BIAS This pin us used for both FM pilot detection and AM low-cut filter. 30 kΩ 30 kΩ Pilot detection 42 Pilot detector AM L.C + The system is forced to mono mode when a 1 MΩ resistor is inserted between pin 42 and ground. In AM mode, the frequency characteristics of the unneeded audio band below 100 Hz are modified producing a clear audio signal. AM low-cut filter 30 kΩ VCC DET The cutoff frequency fC can be determined from the following formula. 3.3 kΩ 1 kΩ + – FC = 1/2 π × 3.3 kΩ × C 3.3 kΩ 1kΩ 42 + C 1 µF Vsm Dedicated keyed AGC S-meter 43 Keyed AGC The keyed AGC function starts operation when V43 becomes less than or equal to 0.8 V. (Narrow AGC off mode.) 1 kΩ N-AGC + – 43 1 kΩ 0.8 V Continued on next page. No.8085-17/41 LA1776M Continued from preceding page. Pin No. Pin Description Equivalent circuit 100 kΩ 44 44 FM muting on level adjust Modify the value of the external resistor to adjust the muting on level. soft mute MUTE 2.7 V 30 kΩ VCC + 3.3 µF C 48 45 TR1: Seek mode time constant switching diode VCC Discharge diode • Reception DET 3.3 kΩ τ = 3.3 µF × 300 kΩ 45 IF AGC • Seek 3.3 kΩ τ = 3.3 µF × 10 Ω 500 Ω IF AGC The external capacitors are connected to VCC. This is because the IF amplifier operates referenced to VCC. TR1 SEEK ON 10 Ω 300 kΩ 40 pin VCC 46 40 pin VCC 46 IF output The IF amplifier load DET Continued on next page. No.8085-18/41 LA1776M Continued from preceding page. Pin No. Pin Description Equivalent circuit VCC RF AGC rectification capacitor 5.8 V 10 kΩ The low frequency distortion is determined as follows: 47 Increasing C47 and C56 improves the distortion but makes the response slower. 47 56 RF AGC bypass RF AGC Reducing C47 and C56 aggravates the distortion but makes the response faster. *:If the audio is disturbed due to the RF AGC when there are rapid changes in the reception field strength (on the order of off to 80 dBµ), the combination of the time constants due to C56 and C47 must be changed. – + + Antenna damping 3.3 µF For AGC use 56 + 47 µF 5.7 V 10 kΩ 10 kΩ 50 51 FM IF input IF bypass Due to the high gain of the limiter amplifer, care must be taken when choosing the grounding point for the limiter amplifer input capacitor to prevent oscillation. 50 330 Ω 51 0.022 µF 2 kΩ 100 Ω 52 IF input The input impedance is 2 kΩ. 52 IF OUT 53 61 pin VCC 53 57 IF amplifier output (AM/FM) IF amplifier input (AM/FM) 200 Ω • First IF amplifier input pin • Inverted output amplifier The gain is switched between AM and FM modes IF IN 57 300 Ω 3.75 V Continued on next page. No.8085-19/41 LA1776M Continued from preceding page. Pin No. Pin Description Equivalent circuit 40 pin VCC VCC 40 pin 54 OSC 54 49 AM MIX OUT AM MIX IN The mixer coil connected to the pin 54 mixer output must be wired to VCC (pin 40). The pin 49 mixer input impedance is 10 Ω 49 10.7 M 10.7 M 10 kΩ W-AGC 62 pin VCC N-AGC Pins 55 and 58 include built-in DC cut capacitors. W-AGC IN 58 AM-SD Adj The AGC on level is determined by the values of the capacitors C1 and C2. 30 pF Pin 55 functions as the SD sensitivity adjustment pin in AM mode. 55 C1 V55 is changed by the value of the external resistor. N-AGC IN SD is operated by comparing V55 with the S-meter voltage. Seek mode stop condition: V55 < Vsm 50 pF 1.5 kΩ MIX IN 58 C2 20 kΩ + – MIX OUT AM SD S-meter FM Vsm VCC 50 pF 48 48 AM antenna damping drive output I48 = 6 mA Wideband AGC input Resistor values under 5 kΩ cannot be used for the FM S-meter shift resistor. FM S-meter voltage shift Antenna damping current 100 Ω 0.022 µF 20 kΩ I48 VCC W.AGC AMP. ANT DAMPING DRIVER Continued on next page. No.8085-20/41 LA1776M Continued from preceding page. Pin No. Pin Description Equivalent circuit 59 60 OSC Y-type mixer circuit 59 60 62 FM/AM MIX output AM MIX input Pins 59 and 60 are the mixer outputs 62 10.7 MHz (10.71 MHz) 10 kΩ Input impedance: 10 kΩ V62 = 2.3 V 1ST.IF O S C 59 Double balanced mixer 60 Pins 59 and 60 are the mixer 10.7-MHz output 59 60 63 64 Mixer output Mixer input 30 Ω Pins 63 and 64 are the mixer inputs These are base injection type inputs. VCC Note: The lines for pins 63 and 64 must be kept separated from the lines for pins 59 and 60. 63 10 pF RF AMP 64 10 pF No.8085-21/41 LA1776M Test Conditions Parameter Symbol SW1 SW2 SW3 SW4 SW5 SW6 SW7 SW8 SW9 ICCO-AM OFF B OFF B — ON OFF OFF ON — Demodulation output VO-FM ON B OFF B — ON OFF OFF ON — Pin 31 demodulation output VO-31 ON B OFF B — ON OFF OFF ON — CB ON B OFF B — ON OFF OFF ON — THD-FM mono ON B OFF B — ON OFF OFF ON — Signal-to-noise ratio: IF S/N-FM IF ON B OFF B — ON OFF OFF ON — AM suppression ratio: IF AMR IF ON B OFF B — ON OFF OFF ON — Att-1 ON B OFF B — ON OFF OFF ON — Att-2 ON B OFF B — ON ON OFF ON — Att-3 ON B OFF B — ON OFF ON ON — Separation ON B OFF B — ON OFF OFF ON — Stereo on level ST-ON ON B OFF B — ON OFF OFF ON — Stereo off level ST-OFF ON B OFF B — ON OFF OFF ON — THD-Main L ON B OFF B — ON OFF OFF ON — Pilot cancellation PCAN ON B OFF B — ON OFF OFF OFF/ON — SNC output attenuation AttSNC ON B OFF B — ON OFF OFF ON — HCC output attenuation 1 AttHCC-1 ON B OFF B — ON OFF OFF ON — HCC output attenuation 2 AttHCC-2 ON B OFF B — ON OFF OFF ON — VIN-LIM ON B OFF B — ON OFF OFF ON ON Current drain Channel balance Total harmonic distortion (FM) Muting attenuation Separation Main total harmonic distortion Input limiting voltage Muting sensitivity SW10 VIN-MUTE ON B OFF B — ON OFF OFF ON — SD sensitivity 1 SD-sen1 FM ON B OFF B OFF OFF OFF OFF ON — SD sensitivity 2 SD-sen2 FM ON B OFF B ON OFF OFF OFF ON — VIFBUFF-FM ON B OFF B OFF OFF OFF OFF ON — IF counter Buffer output Signal meter output (FM) Muting Bandwidth Mute drive output VSM FM-1 ON B OFF B — ON OFF OFF ON — VSM FM-2 ON B OFF B — ON OFF OFF ON — VSM FM-3 ON B OFF B — ON OFF OFF ON — VSM FM-4 ON B OFF B — ON OFF OFF ON — BW-mute ON B OFF B — ON OFF OFF ON — VMUTE-0 ON B OFF B — ON OFF OFF ON — VMUTE-100 ON B OFF B — ON OFF OFF ON — N-AGC on input VNAGC ON A ON B — ON OFF OFF — — W-AGC on input VWAGC ON A ON B — ON OFF OFF — — Conversion gain A.V ON A ON B — ON OFF OFF — — VOSCBUFF-FM ON A ON B — ON OFF OFF — — Oscillator buffer output MRC output VMRC ON — OFF B — ON OFF OFF — — MRC-ON ON — OFF B — ON OFF OFF — — Practical sensitivity S/N-30 OFF — OFF B ON ON — — — — Detection output VO-AM OFF — OFF B ON ON — — — — Pin 31 detection output VO-AM31 OFF — OFF B ON ON — — — — AGC F.O.M. — MRC operating level VAGC-FOM OFF — OFF B ON ON — — — Signal-to-noise ratio S/N-AM OFF — OFF B ON ON — — — — Total harmonic distortion (AM) THD-AM OFF — OFF B ON ON — — — — VSM AM-1 OFF — OFF B ON ON — — — — VSM AM-2 OFF — OFF B ON ON — — — — VOSCBUFF-AM OFF — OFF B ON ON — — — — W-AGCsen 1 OFF — OFF B ON ON — — — — W-AGCsen 2 OFF — OFF B ON ON — — — — SD-sen1 AM OFF — OFF B OFF OFF — — — — SD-sen2 AM OFF — OFF B OFF OFF — — — — VIFBUFF-AM OFF — OFF B OFF OFF — — — — Signal meter output (AM) Oscillator buffer output Wide band AGC sensitivity SD sensitivity IF buffer output No.8085-22/41 LA1776M Usage Notes 1.AM/FM Switching Pin 5 is used for switching between AM and FM (dedicated FM oscillator VCC) FM mode: When the pin 5 voltage is greater than 4 V. AM mode: When the pin 5 voltage is less than 4 V. FM/AM SW FM OSC 4 5 FM 8V/ FM OSC FE GND 3 V5 VCC 2.Pin 39: AM/FM SD and Stereo Indicator Pin 39 is used both for AM and FM station detection and as a stereo indicator. AM/FM SW FM mode 5 V: Operates as the SD pin, coupled to the IF counter buffer. 2.5 V: Operates in forced SD mode. 0 V: Reception mode AM mode (two modes: 0 V and 5 V) 5 V: Operates coupled as the seek SD pin 2.5 V: Reception mode, no function 0 V: Reception mode 3.Front End Notes on interface characteristics Like the previous Sanyo products, the LA1776M includes the 3 D (triple dimension) AGC circuit. This circuit allow the LA1776M to achieve at the same time both good three-signal interference characteristics (intermodulation characteristics) and two-signal sensitivity suppression characteristics. 3-1. Intermodulation characteristics The LA1776M prevents intermodulation from occurring by applying dual high-band AGC. 110 AGC on sensitivity 100 90 Wide AGC (47 p) 80 Keyed AGC (10 K) 70 Narrow AGC (47 p) 60 Center frequency: 98.1 MHz Keyed AGC (43 pin) = 10 K 50 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 ∆ f [MHz] 1 2 3 4 5 No.8085-23/41 LA1776M 3-2. Two-Signal Sensitivity Suppression Like the earlier Sanyo products, the LA1776M's 3D AGC determines the amount of wide-band AGC applied using the information acquired from three frequency characteristics. RF and antenna circuit information: Mixer input AGC Mixer circuit information: Mixer output AGC <- Three dimensions CF selectivity: S-meter output 3-3. FE Block AGC Like the earlier Sanyo products, the LA1776M uses the follow two functions (1) PIN diode antenna input control (2) FET second gate control The AGC input pins are pin 58 (narrow AGC) and pin 55 (wide AGC). Applying AGC The PIN diode drive circuit is turned on when (roughly) (VCC – V2) is 1 V or higher. In application circuits, there will be about 30 to 40 dB of attenuation. When an adequate current flows in the antenna attenuator PIN diode and the impedance falls, the FET second gate voltage falls, the FET gm falls, and the AGC operates. The recommended FET is the Sanyo 3SK263, which is an enhanced type MOSFET, and thus the full AGC will be applied when the voltage between the second gate and the source (G2-S) is 0. Note that if a depletion type MOSFET were used, AGC would not be applied unless VG2-S were lower than 0 V. 9 Pin 2 voltage 8 Region where the AGC does not operate AGC voltage – V 7 AGC amount due to the PIN diode 6 AGC amount due to the MOSFET's second gate. 5 4 3 2 1 0 –20 –10 PIN diode voltage 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 Field strength - dBµ 3-4. Mixer The LA1776M's mixer circuit is a double balanced mixer that used balanced signals for both the input and output. 59 Input type: base input Input impedance: 2 kΩ 60 OSC 2 kΩ 2 kΩ 63 64 No.8085-24/41 LA1776M 3-5. Mixer Pin 4: The FM oscillator circuit is formed from external components. Pin 8: AM/FM oscillator buffer VCC VCC VCC BUFF 4 AM OSC VT 8 FM/AM OSC BUFF 3-6. FM: First IF Amplifier (10.7 MHz) Input impedance: 330 Ω (pin 57) Output impedance: 330 Ω (pin 53) No.8085-25/41 LA1776M 4. FM IF 4-1. Notes on FM SD and SD Adjustment The FM station detection and IF counter buffer operate with the following elements. 38 37 AFC VCC SEEK = OFF ST IND + _AFC 1 1 2 13 2 12 + _ FM S-meter 2.7 + 0.6 V -0.6 V 4V 2.7 V + _ mute AMP 20 kΩ 2 VCC 30 kΩ + _SD 3 + _ FM IF Soft mute mute ATT 41 1 SEEK = OF 44 33 23 mute on 39 IF conut mute d FM SD adj IF conut 58 SD/ST IF conut 200 kΩ 30 kΩ 5V 2.5 V 5V The following conditions must be met for the station detection and IF counter buffer to operate. (1) V24 > V41 - The S-meter voltage must be higher than the pin 41 voltage (2) V33 < 0.7 V (Vbe) - The band muting function must not be operating. (3) V23 = high - A high level (VDD) must be applied to pin 23 from a 51 kΩ resistor. The figure below shows the relationships between the FM station detection, the IF counter buffer output, the Smeter voltage, and the muting operation output. V24 Larger values of R33 S-meter V38 V33 Smaller values of R33 V33 over 0.7 V V33 over 0.7 V V26 5V SD ON SD as an SD signal SD ON Mono Stereo V23AC OFF V23DC IF count buffer OFF IF counter output off 5V 2.5 V 0V RDS and other types of SD detection can be used by switching these modes. No.8085-26/41 LA1776M 4-2. Transient Response Characteristics During Automatic Selection The transient response characteristics when the SD or IF counter buffer are turned on or off are determined by the time constant at the pins shown below. (1) AFC time constant – Pin 37 VCC (2) Muting time constant – Pin 33 (3) S-meter time constant – Pin 24 (1) Station detection time constant due to the pin 37 AFC voltage time constant Since there is a function for switching the AFC time constant, it is possible to set the time constants so that there are no harmful effects. For reception mode, if the pin 38 capacitor value is not made comparatively large, the total harmonic distortion may be made worse. • Reception mode time constant: Make the time constant longer with R34_37, C37, and C38. AFC + – 1 kΩ FM STOP: ON FM SEEK: OFF Vref 34 37 38 R34-37 + + C34 C38 C37 • Seek mode time constant: A high-speed response can be achieved with R34_37 and C37, since the seek mode time constant is independent of C38. • The following values are recommended. C37: About 0.022 µF C38: About 1 µF (2) Station detection time constant due to the pin 33 muting voltage time constant The volume changes due to fluctuations in the field during weak field reception can be made smoother by setting the soft muting operation attack and release times appropriately. MUTE DRIVE MUTE AMP 10 kΩ 50 kΩ Attack Release 33 C33 (3) Station detection time constant due to S-meter time constant Since the pin 24 current (I24) changes with the field strength, the time constant also changes. There is no hysteresis in the comparator circuit. Note that if a smaller value is used for C24, the MRF frequency characteristics setting will need to be changed as well. FM S-meter AM S-meter 10 kΩ 24 No.8085-27/41 LA1776M 4-3. FM Muting Function Control (pin 44: soft muting) and Attenuation Setting (pin 58) The -3 dB limiting sensitivity can be adjusted by changing the value of R44. The muting attenuation can be switched between three levels (-10, -20, and -30 dB) with R58. Output level When R44 is small Output level R58:OPEN R58:200K When R44 is large R58:30K V33 R58 Mute ATT OPEN –10 dB 200 K –20 dB 30 K –30 dB 5.AM Block The LA1776M adopts an upconversion method. 5-1. AM AGC System The RF AGC pickup operates according to the input level on pins 48 and 49. Pin 48: AGC based on the components in the 10.7 MHz CF band. Pin 49: Wideband AGC (The level at which the wideband AGC turns on can be adjusted with Rw.) (The seek mode wideband AGC on level is increased by 10 dB.) VCC AM AGC SYSTEM RW 1st MIX 62 RF IF Amp. 10.7 MHz CF 57 57 10.7 MHz 49 2nd MIX 450 kHz CF IF Amp. 52 31 DET 42 1st OSC X'tal + 1 µF VCC Middle AGC IN IF AGC 49 Wide AGC IN ANT DUMPING 45 + 1 µF RF AGC 56 + 47 22 µF + 3.3 µF The RF AGC is picked up from two places. 1. The wideband AGC determined by RW. 2. Midband AGC picked up from the second mixer at pin 49. Operating bandwidth: 150 to 180 kHz (the 10.7 MHz CF bandwidth) No.8085-28/41 LA1776M 5-2. AM SD Pin (pin 39) and the AM SD Adjustment Pin The LA1776M compares V24 and the reference voltage V55 to operate SD and the IF counter. S-meter AM IF Comparator VCC + – IF Buff Amp. 50 pF 50 µA 55 24 23 39 100 kΩ 100 kΩ 0.47 µF 0.022 µF 51 kΩ IF BUFER 5V SD SEEK 5V Larger values of R55 V24PIN S-meter V55 Smaller values of R55 V39 SD ON V23AC OFF IF Buffer ON V23DC 5V Pin 55: AM SD adjustment pin 0V 5-3. AM Wideband Cut and Detection Output Adjustment Methods The AM/FM detection output (pin 31) has an output impedance of 10 kΩ in AM mode, and an impedance of a few tens of ohms in FM mode. Therefore the AM detection output level is lowered by R31 and the AM wideband frequency characteristics are determined by C31. VCC FM detector 31 R31 VCC C31 + AM detector 10 kΩ Noise canceller input 50 kΩ 30 No.8085-29/41 LA1776M 5-4. AM Low Region Cut Adjustment The AM low frequency region frequency characteristics can be adjusted with capacitor C42, which is inserted between pin 42 and ground. Since this capacitor is shared with the FM pilot detector, it is connected to ground. To prevent incorrect operation of the pilot detector, C42 must have a value of 0.33 µF or higher. Detector Output – f [dB] 5 1 kΩ + – AM detector 10 kΩ 0 To 31PIN Output [dB] 1 kΩ Pilot det 42 –5 –10 C42 –15 C42 = 0.47u –20 0.01 0.1 C42 = 1u 1 10 Modulation frequency [kHz] 6.Noise Canceller Block 6-1. The noise canceller input (pin 30) has an input impedance of about 50 kΩ. The low band frequency characteristics require care when determining the value for the coupling capacitor. Note that fC will be about 3 Hz in an application that uses a 1 µF capacitor. 6-2. The noise detection sensitivity and the noise AGC are set with pins 8 and 9. Good settings can be acquired by first setting the medium field strength (corresponding to an antenna input of about 50 dBµ) sensitivity with the noise sensitivity setting pin (pin 8) and then setting the weak field (20 to 30 dBµ) with the AGC adjustment pin (pin 9). Note that if the noise detection sensitivity is increased, the effect of the AGC will be improved, but that inversely the weak field sensitivity will be decreased. The problem of incorrect operation of the noise canceller for 10 kHz overmodulation occurs when an overmodulated signal is input and the noise canceller responds to that signal even though it should not. The cause of this is the IF detector output taking on the sort of waveform shown in the figure due to the band of the IF ceramic filter as shown below. (150 kHz × 1, 180 kHz (r) 2, f = 10 kHz, 180 kHz deviation) The noise canceller responds to the whisker components generated by this overmodulation, resulting in distortion of the audio output. (The whisker components due to the overmodulation are generated by the band of the ceramic filter in the tuner.) This can be prevented as follows. The incorrect operation due to the overmodulation can be eliminated by removing the whisker components due to the overmodulation as described above with the lowpass filter consisting of a 1 kΩ resistor and 220 pF capacitor as shown in the figure. Note, however, that the FM separation characteristics in the high band and the AM frequency characteristics will change. H1 W1 2.5OU IF audio output f = 10 kHz, 180 kHz dev IF output 1 kΩ 31 2200 pF –2.5OU –19.00 µs Noise canceller input + – 30 1 µF 981.00 µs No.8085-30/41 LA1776M 7.Multiplex Block 7-1. Pilot Canceller The pin 18 pilot canceller signal waveform is a 19 kHz signal in which the third harmonic is not present. Since this signal has the same phase as the pilot signal, no capacitor is required between pin 18 and ground. Since the third harmonic is not present, excellent pilot cancellation in both the left and right channels can be acquired by adjusting the circuit with a variable resistor. Noise canceller 30 input To the multiplexer – GATE PILOT CANCEL 10 11 17 6800 pF 18 0.01 µF 50 kΩ 7-2. Separation Adjustment (pin 19) 5 kΩ To the subdecoder 19 Larger 20 kΩ 0.047 µF C The separation is adjusted by adjusting the sub-decoder input level with the pin 19 variable resistor VR. Adjusting VR only changes the sub-channel modulation. It does not change the monaural (main) output level. Degradation of high band separation in the decoder can be avoided if the impedance of the external capacitor value (C) is made enough smaller than the impedance of VR in the sub-channel signal frequency band (23 to 53 kHz). 8. MRC Block 7 µA 100 Ω DC BUFFER 5.5 kΩ MRC 5.5 kΩ 30 kΩ FM/AM Vsm FM Vsm 1 kΩ 10 kΩ HPF: C26, 30K LPF: C32 Gain: R26 24 C24 0.22 µF + 32 26 C32 1000 pF 27 C26 3.3 µF 100 kΩ R26 51 kΩ + C27 *: When the AC component is removed with C24. No.8085-31/41 LA1776M 8-1. The S-meter DC input voltage is set by the variable resistor R1 connected to pin 32. While it is often said that a curve such as that shown in figure 59 is ideal for separation control when multipath interference occurs, if the pin 32 voltage is too high, separation control in strong field reception, as shown in figure 60, will become impossible. Thus it is desirable to adjust the circuit so that the pin 32 voltage remains under 2 V when saturated. AC 30% SEP (dB) SEP (dB) ACø% AC 60% AC 100% Field strength AC 30% ACø% AC 60% AC 100% Field strength 8-2. The time constant with which the MRC circuit controls the separation is determined by an internal 100 Ω resistor and C2 during charge and by a constant current of 7 µA and C2 during discharge. VCC VCC + 7 µF C2 41 100 Ω No.8085-32/41 LA1776M Crystal Oscillator Element Kinseki, Ltd. Frequency: 10.26 MHz CL: 20 pF Model No.: HC-49/U-S Coil Specifications Sumida Electronics, Ltd. [AM Block] AM FILTER (SA-1051) AM OSC (SA-359) S 1 2 4 3 3 2 6 1 4 AM IF1 (SA-264) 3 AM IF2 (SA-1063) 4 2 1 6 1 S S S AM loading (SA-1062) 6 AM ANT IN (SA-1048) 4 3 4 2 2 1 4 3 S 2 3 6 1 6 6 S S AM RF amplifier (RC875-222J) 0.1ø2UEW [FM Block] FM RF (SA-1060) FM ANT (SA-1061) S 3 4 2 2 1 4 3 6 1 6 S S FM OSC (SA-1052) FM MIX (SA-266) S 3 4 3 C1 4 8 2 1 2 6 S 1 7 C2 6 S FM DET (SA-208) S S 3 4 2 1 6 No.8085-33/41 LA1776M The Toko Electric Corporation [AM Block] AM FILTER (A2861BIS-15327) 1 2 3 AM OSC (V666SNS-214BY) 3 4 2 6 1 4 AM IF1 (7PSGTC-5001A) 3 4 1 AM IF2 (7PSGTC-5002Y) 3 2 6 0.1ø2UEW 4 2 6 0.05ø3UEW AM loading (269ANS-0720Z) 1 6 0.05ø3UEW AM ANT IN (385BNS-027Z) S 3 4 3 2 1 4 2 6 0.05ø3UEW 1 6 S AM RF amplifier (187LY-222) 0.1ø2UEW [FM Block] FM RF (V666SNS-208AQ) S 3 4 2 1 4 2 1 3 4 2 ø0.1 – 2UEW 6 S FM OSC (V666SNS-205APZ) 3 FM ANT (V666SNS-209BS) ø0.12 – 2UEW 6 S ø0.1 – 2UEW 1 6 S FM MIX (371DH-1108FYH) S 3 4 2 5 1 6 S ø0.07 – 2UEW FM DET (DM600DEAS-8407GLF) 3 4 2 1 6 0.07ø2MUEW No.8085-34/41 LA1776M Sagami Elec Co., Ltd. [AM Block] AM FILTER (000021055) AM OSC (000021056) S 1 2 3 3 4 5.1 µH 2 6 1 4 AM IF1 (000021057) 3 AM IF2 (000021059) 3 4 6 4 180 pF S 1 180 pF 2 2 6 S 1 6 S AM loading (000021061) 3 AM ANT IN (000021062) 3 4 4 100 µH 30 mH 2 2 1 1 6 6 S S AM RF amplifier (000021063) 2.2 mH [FM Block] FM RF (000021064) FM ANT (000021065) S 3 3 4 105.5 nH 2 2 1 4 1 6 6 S S FM OSC (000021066) FM MIX (000021067) S 3 4 2 1 62.7 nH 3 4 2 5 1 6 1-2:100 pF 2-3:100 pF 6 S S FM DET (010021075) S 3 4 S 1-3:20 µH 3-4:120 pF 2 1 6 No.8085-35/41 LA1776M FM Input/Output Characteristics FM Input/Output Characteristics S 7 8 6 -10 Vsm -20 5 -30 4 -40 3 AMR(1K,30%) 2 -50 N -60 -70 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 1 0 90 100 110 120 130 80 RF AGC 7 6 5 4 3 2 ANT D THD (100%) 1 0 -20 -10 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 0 Field strength – dB µ 4 10 8 S 0 3 -10 -20 SEP(R) SEP(L) 2 -40 Vsnc 7 6 -10 Output – dB Separation, Sep – dB Vsnc – V 0 1 Vsm -20 5 -30 4 -40 3 2 -50 -60 N 1 -60 -70 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 0 90 100 110 120 130 80 -70 -20 -10 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 0 80 0 90 100 110 120 130 Field strength – dB µ Field strength – dB µ AM Input/Output Characteristics AM Frequency Characteristics 8 2 6 output 7 0 5 6 -2 RF AGC 5 Output – dB AGC – V Total harmonic distortion, THD – % 90 100 110 120 130 AM Input/Output Characteristics FM Separation Input/Output Characteristics -50 80 Field strength – dB µ 10 -30 THD (30%) 4 THD (80%) THD (30%) 3 4 THD (80%) -4 3 2 -6 THD (30%) 2 ANT D 1 -8 1 0 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 Field strength – dB µ 10 -10 10 2 3 5 7 100 2 3 5 7 1k 10 S(80 dBµ) S (40 dBµ) -40 -50 -60 40 5 0 7 10k S (80 dBµ) 0 S (60 dBµ) -20 -30 3 AM Two-Signal Interference Suppression Characteristics (∆ 400 kHz) S(40 dBµ) -10 2 Frequency, fm – Hz AM Two-Signal Interference Suppression Characteristics (∆ 40 kHz) 0 S-meter voltage, Vsm – V Output – dB 9 Total harmonic distortion, THD – % 0 8 Total harmonic distortion, THD – % S-meter voltage, Vsm – V Total harmonic distortion, THD – % S-meter voltage, Vsm – V 10 S(60 dBµ) -10 -20 N (40 dBµ) -30 N(60 dBµ) -40 N (60 dBµ) N (60 dBµ) -50 N (80 dBµ) N (80 dBµ) 60 N(40 dBµ) 80 100 fu input level – dBµ 120 140 -60 40 N(60 dBµ) N(80 dBµ) N(80 dBµ) 60 80 100 120 140 fud input level – dBµ No.8085-36/41 LA1776M FM Temperature Characteristics FM Temperature Characteristics 400 80 output S/N 70 S/N, AMR – dB Output – mV rms 350 300 250 60 AMR (80 dB) AMR (50 dB) 50 200 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 40 -40 90 -30 -20 -10 Ambient temperature, Ta – ºC Q.S., U.S., Noise convergence – dBµ, dB –3dB L.S – dB 15 10 n) o ute B (m –3d –3dB (mute off) 0 -5 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 50 60 70 80 90 80 90 80 90 80 90 Q.S (S/N = 50) Noise convergence 20 10 U.S (S/N = 30) 0 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 FM Temperature Characteristics 50 W-AGC 40 Separation, Sep – dB N-AGC, W-AGC on level – dBµ 40 30 FM Temperature Characteristics 80 70 N-AGC 50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 SEP (80 dBµ) 30 20 SEP (35 dBµ) 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 0 -40 -30 -20 -10 90 Ambient temperature, Ta – ºC 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Ambient temperature, Ta – ºC FM Temperature Characteristics FM Temperature Characteristics 3 3 2.9 fc Va 2 Vafc,Vref – V Total harmonic distortion, THD – % 30 Ambient temperature, Ta – ºC 100 60 20 40 Ambient temperature, Ta – ºC 90 10 FM Temperature Characteristics FM Temperature Characteristics 20 5 0 Ambient temperature, Ta – ºC 1 2.8 2.7 Vref 2.6 THD (mono) 2.5 THD (main) 0 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 Ambient temperature, Ta – ºC 70 80 90 2.4 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Ambient temperature, Ta – ºC No.8085-37/41 LA1776M FM Temperature Characteristics FM Temperature Characteristics 0.5 130 0.4 120 SD bandwidth – kHz 0.3 Vnull – V 0.2 0.1 Vnull 0 -0.1 -0.2 110 SD bandwidth 100 90 -0.3 -0.4 -0.5 -40 -30 -20 -10 10 0 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 80 -40 -30 -20 -10 90 Ambient temperature, Ta – ºC 10 40 30 50 60 70 80 90 80 90 80 90 80 90 40 SD bandwidth (+) 60 40 SD on level – dBµ 35 20 0 -20 -40 30 25 SD bandwidth (–) -80 -40 -30 -20 -10 10 0 20 30 40 50 el n lev SD o -60 60 70 80 20 -40 -30 -20 -10 90 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Ambient temperature, Ta – ºC Ambient temperature, Ta – ºC FM Temperature Characteristics FM Temperature Characteristics 6 70 Vsm (80 dBµ) 5 S-meter voltage, Vsm – V Signal-to-noise ratio with IF beating – dB 20 FM Temperature Characteristics FM Temperature Characteristics 80 SD bandwidth – kHz 0 Ambient temperature, Ta – ºC 60 96.3 MHz beating worst case 50 Hz M 107 40 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 be atin t ors gw cas e Vsm (70 dBµ) 4 Vsm (60 dBµ) 3 Vsm (50 dBµ) Vsm (40 dBµ) 2 Vsm (30 dBµ) 1 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 0 -40 -30 -20 -10 90 Ambient temperature, Ta – ºC 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Ambient temperature, Ta – ºC FM Temperature Characteristics FM Temperature Characteristics 400 80 S/N output 350 AMR (60 dBµ) S/N, AMR – dB output – mVrms 70 300 60 50 250 40 200 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 Ambient temperature, Ta – ºC 70 80 90 30 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Ambient temperature, Ta – ºC No.8085-38/41 LA1776M FM Temperature Characteristics FM Temperature Characteristics 80 60 70 50 –3 dB L.S – dBµ ST S/N – dB ST S/N (15 kHz) 60 ST S/N (OFF) 50 40 –3 dB (mute on) 30 40 30 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 20 -40 90 Ambient temperature, Ta – ºC -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 80 90 80 90 FM Temperature Characteristics 90 60 85 55 SD on LEVEL – dBµ N-AGC on LEVEL – dBµ -20 Ambient temperature, Ta – ºC FM Temperature Characteristics N-AGC on 80 50 vel SD on le 45 75 70 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 40 -40 -30 -20 -10 90 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Ambient temperature, Ta – ºC Ambient temperature, Ta – ºC FM Temperature Characteristics FM Temperature Characteristics 6 IF count BUFF LEVEL – mVrms 3 Total harmonic distortion, THD – % -30 2 1 THD (mono) 5 4 3 IF co uff unt b 2 1 THD (main) 0 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 Ambient temperature, Ta – ºC 0 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Ambient temperature, Ta – ºC FM Temperature Characteristics 6 Vsm (90 0 dBµ) S-meter voltage, Vsm – V Vsm (8 dBµ) 0 dBµ) Vsm (7 4 0 dBµ) Vsm (6 Vsm (50 dBµ) Vsm (40 dBµ) 2 Vsm (30 dBµ) 0 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 Ambient temperature, Ta – ºC No.8085-39/41 LA1776M AM Temperature Characteristics AM Temperature Characteristics 40 60 Practical sensitivity – dBµ, SD on – dBµ S/N, AGC FOM – dB 70 S/N AG CF OM 50 40 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 35 25 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 80 90 80 90 Ambient temperature, Ta – ºC AM Temperature Characteristics AM Temperature Characteristics 60 Vsm (74 dBµ) N-AGC, W-AGC on LEVEL – dBµ Vsm (130 dBµ) 5 4 Vsm – V it ensitiv ical s t c a r P 20 -40 -30 -20 -10 90 6 3 Vsm (30 dBµ) 2 1 Vsm (–20 W-AGC 55 W-AGC (SEEK) 50 N-AGC 45 dBµ) 0 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 40 -40 -30 -20 -10 90 Ambient temperature, Ta – ºC 4 -1 AM LC (100 Hz) – dB 0 3 THD (0.1 k, 80 %) 2 D (1 k, 8 THD (0.1 k, 30 %) 0% 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 AM Temperature Characteristics 5 TH 0 Ambient temperature, Ta – ºC AM Temperature Characteristics Total harmonic distortion, THD – % y 30 Ambient temperature, Ta – ºC 1 SD -2 -3 100 Hz attenuation -4 ) 0 -40 -30 -20 -10 THD (1 k, 30 %) 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 Ambient temperature, Ta – ºC 70 80 90 -5 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Ambient temperature, Ta – ºC No.8085-40/41 LA1776M Specifications of any and all SANYO products described or contained herein stipulate the performance, characteristics, and functions of the described products in the independent state, and are not guarantees of the performance, characteristics, and functions of the described products as mounted in the customer's products or equipment. To verify symptoms and states that cannot be evaluated in an independent device, the customer should always evaluate and test devices mounted in the customer's products or equipment. SANYO Electric Co., Ltd. strives to supply high-quality high-reliability products. However, any and all semiconductor products fail with some probability. It is possible that these probabilistic failures could give rise to accidents or events that could endanger human lives, that could give rise to smoke or fire, or that could cause damage to other property. When designing equipment, adopt safety measures so that these kinds of accidents or events cannot occur. Such measures include but are not limited to protective circuits and error prevention circuits for safe design, redundant design, and structural design. In the event that any or all SANYO products(including technical data,services) described or contained herein are controlled under any of applicable local export control laws and regulations, such products must not be expor ted without obtaining the expor t license from the authorities concerned in accordance with the above law. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, or any information storage or retrieval system, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SANYO Electric Co., Ltd. Any and all information described or contained herein are subject to change without notice due to product/technology improvement, etc. When designing equipment, refer to the "Delivery Specification" for the SANYO product that you intend to use. Information (including circuit diagrams and circuit parameters) herein is for example only ; it is not guaranteed for volume production. SANYO believes information herein is accurate and reliable, but no guarantees are made or implied regarding its use or any infringements of intellectual property rights or other rights of third parties. This catalog provides information as of July, 2005. Specifications and information herein are subject to change without notice. PS No.8085-41/41