ACST8-8C ® ASD™ AC Switch Family OVER VOLTAGE PROTECTED AC POWER SWITCH MAIN APPLICATIONS AC static switching in appliance & industrial control systems Washing machine with bi-rotational induction motor drive Induction motor drive for: - refrigerator / freezer compressor - air conditioning compressor ■ ■ ■ FEATURES VDRM / VRRM = +/- 800V Avalanche controlled device IT(RMS) = 8A with TCASE = 90 °C High noise immunity: static dV/dt > 750 V/µs Gate triggering current : IGT < 30 mA Snubberless turn off commutation: (dI/dt)c > 4.5A/ms TO-220FPAB package G OUT COM TO-220FPAB ■ ■ ■ ■ FUNCTIONAL DIAGRAM: ■ OUT ■ ■ BENEFITS Enables equipment to meet EN61000-4-5 standard High off-state reliability with planar technology Need no external overvoltage protection Reduces the power component count ■ ■ ■ G ■ DESCRIPTION The ACST8-8C belongs to the AC power switch family built around the ASD technology. This high performance device is adapted to home appliances or industrial systems and drives an induction motor up to 8A. This ACST switch embeds a triac structure with a high voltage clamping device to absorb the inductive turn off energy and withstand line transients such as those described in the IEC61000-4-5 standards. January 2002 - Ed: 4B COM 1/8 ACST8-8C ABSOLUTE RATINGS (limiting values) Symbol Parameter VDRM / VRRM Repetitive peak off-state voltage IT(RMS) RMS on-state current full cycle sine wave 50 to 60 Hz ITSM I2t VPP Non repetitive line peak pulse voltage Tstg V 8 A tp = 20ms 80 A tp = 16.7ms 85 A tp = 10ms 35 A2s Rate period > 1mn 100 A/µs Thermal constraint for fuse selection Non repetitive on-state current critical rate of rise IG = 10mA (tr < 100ns) Unit 800 Tcase = 90°C Non repetitive surge peak on-state current Tj initial = 25°C, full cycle sine wave dI/dt Value note 1 2 kV Storage temperature range - 40 to + 150 °C Tj Operating junction temperature range - 40 to + 125 °C Tl Maximum lead soldering temperature during 10s 260 °C Note 1: according to test described by IEC61000-4-5 standard & Figure A. GATE CHARACTERISTICS (maximum values) Symbol PG (AV) Parameter Value Unit Average gate power dissipation 0.1 W PGM Peak gate power dissipation (tp = 20µs) 10 W IGM Peak gate current (tp = 20µs) 1 A THERMAL RESISTANCE Symbol Value Unit Rth (j-a) Junction to ambient Parameter 60 °C/W Rth (j-c) Junction to case for full cycle sine wave conduction 3.5 °C/W PARAMETER DESCRIPTION Parameter Symbol Parameter description IGT Gate triggering current VGT Gate triggering voltage VGD Non triggering voltage IH Holding current IL Latching current VTM On state voltage VTO On state characteristic threshold voltage RD On state characteristic dynamic resistance IDRM / IRRM Forward or reverse leakage current dV/dt Static pin OUT voltage rise (dI/dt)c Turn off current rate of decay VCL Avalanche voltage at turn off 2/8 ACST8-8C ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS PER SWITCH For either positive or negative polary of pin OUT voltage respect to pin COM voltage Symbol Test conditions Values Unit IGT VOUT = 12V (DC) RL = 33Ω Tj = 25°C MAX. 30 mA VGT VOUT = 12V (DC) RL = 33Ω Tj = 25°C MAX. 1.5 V VGD VOUT = VDRM RL = 3.3kΩ Tj =125°C MIN. 0.2 V IH IOUT = 100mA Gate open Tj = 25°C MAX. 40 mA IL IG = 20mA Tj = 25°C MAX. 70 mA VTM IOUT = 11A Tj = 25°C MAX. 1.5 V VTO Tj = 125°C MAX. 0.95 V RD Tj = 125°C MAX. 50 mΩ Tj = 25°C MAX. 10 µA Tj = 125°C MAX. 1 mA Tj = 125°C MIN. 750 V/µs Without snubber Tj = 125°C MIN. 4.5 A/ms ICL = 1mA Tj = 25°C TYP. 1200 V IDRM IRRM dV/dt (dI/dt)c VCL tp = 380µs VOUT = VDRM VOUT = VRRM VOUT = 550V gate open tp = 1ms AC LINE SWITCH BASIC APPLICATION The ACST8-8C device is especially designed to drive medium power induction motors in washing machines, refrigerators, dish washers, and tumble dryers. Pin COM : Common drive reference, to be connected to the power line neutral Pin G : Switch Gate input to be connected to the controller Pin OUT : Switch Output to be connected to the load When driven from a low voltage controller, the ACST switch is triggered with a negative gate current flowing out of the gate pin G. It can be driven by the controller through a resistor as shown on the typical application diagram. In appliance systems, the ACST8-8C switch intends to drive medium power load in ON / OFF full cycle or phase angle control mode. Thanks to its thermal and turn-off commutation characteristics, the ACST8-8C switch is able to drive an inductive load up to 8A without a turn-off aid snubber circuit. In washing machine or drier appliances, the tumble rotates in both directions. When using bidirectional phase shift induction motor, two switches are connected on each side of the phase shift capacitor: in steady-state operation, one switch only conducts energising the coils and defining the tumble direction. 3/8 ACST8-8C TYPICAL APPLICATION DIAGRAM OUT G COM CONTROL UNIT ROBUSTNESS AGAINST FAST CAPACITOR DISCHARGE When parasitic transients or controller mis-operation occur, the blocked switch may turn on by spurious switch firing. Since the phase shift capacitor is charged, its energy is instantaneously dissipated through the two ACSTs which can be destroyed. To prevent such a failure, a resistive inductive circuit R-L is added in series with the phase shift capacitor. The dI/dt depends on the maximal voltage Vmax of the phase shift capacitor (700V on 240V mains applications), and on the inductance L: dI V max = dt L The total switch turn on di/dt is the sum of the di/dt created by any RC noise suppressor discharge and the dI/dt created by the motor capacitor discharge. Since the maximal di/dt capability at turn-on of the ACST8 is 100A/µs, the motor capacitor di/dt is assumed to be less than 50A/µs; therefore, the inductance should be 14µH. The resistor R limits the surge current through the ACST8 during the capacitor discharge according to the specified curve ITSM = f (tp) as shown in Figure 6 (to be issued), and 1.2 Ω is low enough to limit the resistor dissipation (usually less than 1 W). Finally both the 14µH inductance and the 1.2Ω resistance provide a safety margin of two on the surge current ITSM described in Figure 6. M VAC C L R 700V T1 ON 4/8 T2 Fast capacitor discharge when one ACST switch turns on (T2) and the motor runs (T1 ON). ACST8-8C AC LINE TRANSIENT VOLTAGE RUGGEDNESS The ACST8-8C switch is able to safely withstand the AC line transient voltages either by clamping the low energy spikes or by breaking over under high energy shocks. The test circuit in Figure A is representative of the ACST application and is used to test the ACST switch according to the IEC61000-4-5 standard conditions. Thanks to the load impedance, the ACST switch withstands voltage spikes up to 2 kV above the peak line voltage by breaking over safely. Such non repetitive testing can be done 10 times on each AC line voltage polarity. Fig. A: Overvoltage ruggedness test circuit for resistive and inductive loads according to IEC61000-4-5 standard R = 47Ω, L = 10µH & VPP = 2kV L R OUT SURGE VOLTAGE AC LINE & GENERATOR VAC + V PP G COM Fig. 1: Maximum power dissipation versus RMS on-state current. Fig. 2-1: RMS on-state current versus case temperature. P(W) IT(RMS)(A) 11 9 α=180° 10 α=180° 8 9 7 8 6 7 6 5 5 4 4 3 3 180° 2 1 2 α α 1 Tc(°C) IT(RMS)(A) 0 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 0 25 50 75 100 125 5/8 ACST8-8C Fig. 2-2: RMS on-state current versus ambient temperature. Fig. 3: Relative variation of thermal impedance versus pulse duration. K = [Zth/Rth] IT(RMS)(A) 1.E+00 2.5 α=180° Printed circuit board FR4 Natural convection Zth(j-c) 2.0 1.E-01 Zth(j-a) 1.5 1.0 1.E-02 0.5 Tamb(°C) tp(s) 0.0 1.E-03 0 25 50 75 100 125 Fig. 4: On-state characteristics (maximum values). 1.E-03 1.E-02 1.E-01 1.E+00 1.E+01 1.E+02 1.E+03 Fig. 5: Surge peak on-state current versus number of cycles. Iout(A) ITSM(A) 100 90 80 Tj=25°C Tj=125°C 70 t=20ms Non repetitive Tj initial=25°C 60 50 10 40 Repetitive Tc=90°C 30 20 Tj max. : Vto = 0.95 V Rd = 50 mΩ VTM(V) 10 1 Number of cycles 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 Fig. 6: Non repetitive surge peak on-state current for a sinusoidal pulse with width tp < 10ms, and corresponding value of I2t. 1 10 100 1000 Fig. 7: Relative variation of gate trigger current, holding current and latching current versus junction temperature (typical values). ITSM(A), I2t(A2s) IGT, IH, IL[Tj]/IGT, IH, IL[Tj=25°C] 3.0 1000 Tj initial=25°C 2.5 IGT & IH dI/dt limitation: 100A/µs 2.0 ITSM 1.5 100 IL 1.0 I²t 0.5 tp(ms) Tj(°C) 0.0 10 0.01 6/8 0.10 1.00 10.00 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 ACST8-8C Fig. 8: Relative variation of critical rate of decrease of main current versus reapplied dV/dt (typical values). Fig. 9: Relative variation of critical rate of decrease of main current versus junction temperature. (dI/dt)c[(dV/dt)c] / Specified (dI/dt)c (dI/dt)c[Tj] / (dI/dt)c[Tj=125°C] 5 6 4 5 4 3 3 2 2 1 1 dV/dt (V/µs) Tj(°C) 0 0 0.1 1.0 10.0 100.0 0 25 50 75 100 125 Fig. 10: Relative variation of static dV/dt versus junction temperature dV/dt[Tj] / dV/dt[Tj = 125°C] 3.5 Vout=550V 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 Tj(°C) 0.0 0 25 50 75 100 125 ORDERING INFORMATION ACS T 8 - IT(RMS): 8A AC Switch Topology: Triac 8 C FP IGT C = 30mA VDRM: 800V Package FP: TO-220FPAB 7/8 ACST8-8C PACKAGE MECHANICAL DATA TO-220FPAB (Plastic) DIMENSIONS REF. Millimeters Inches A B D E F F1 F2 G G1 H L2 L3 L4 L5 L6 L7 Dia. Min. Max. 4.4 4.6 2.5 2.7 2.5 2.75 0.45 0.70 0.75 1 1.15 1.70 1.15 1.70 4.95 5.20 2.4 2.7 10 10.4 16 Typ. 28.6 30.6 9.8 10.6 2.9 3.6 15.9 16.4 9.00 9.30 3.00 3.20 Min. Max. 0.173 0.181 0.098 0.106 0.098 0.108 0.018 0.027 0.030 0.039 0.045 0.067 0.045 0.067 0.195 0.205 0.094 0.106 0.393 0.409 0.63 Typ. 1.126 1.205 0.386 0.417 0.114 0.142 0.626 0.646 0.354 0.366 0.118 0.126 A B H Dia L6 L2 L7 L3 L5 D F1 L4 F2 F E G1 G OTHER INFORMATION ■ Ordering type Marking Package Weight Base qty Delivery mode ACST8-8CFP ACST88C TO-220FPAB 2.4 g 50 Tube Epoxy meets UL94,V0 Information furnished is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, STMicroelectronics assumes no responsibility for the consequences of use of such information nor for any infringement of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of STMicroelectronics. Specifications mentioned in this publication are subject to change without notice. This publication supersedes and replaces all information previously supplied. STMicroelectronics products are not authorized for use as critical components in life support devices or systems without express written approval of STMicroelectronics. The ST logo is a registered trademark of STMicroelectronics © 2002 STMicroelectronics - Printed in Italy - All rights reserved. STMicroelectronics GROUP OF COMPANIES Australia - Brazil - Canada - China - Finland - France - Germany Hong Kong - India - Israel - Italy - Japan - Malaysia - Malta - Morocco - Singapore Spain - Sweden - Switzerland - United Kingdom - United States. http://www.st.com 8/8