STMICROELECTRONICS STI5500

STi5500
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ALTOP BOX / DVD BACKEND DECODER
SET
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EN WITH INTEGRATED HOST PROCESSOR
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ENHANCED 32-BIT VL-RISC CPU
- DES AND DVB DESCRAMBLERS
SUMMARY
- FAST INTEGER/BIT OPERATION AND
VERY HIGH CODE DENSITY
HIGH PERFORMANCE MEMORY/CACHE
SUBSYSTEM
- 2KBYTES INSTRUCTION CACHE, 2KBYTES
SRAM, 2KBYTES DATA CACHE/SRAM
- 160MBYTES/S BANDWIDTH
COMBINED VIDEO AND AUDIO DECODER CORE
- VIDEO DECODER FULLY SUPPORTS
MPEG-2 MP@ML
- MEMORY REDUCTION - PAL MP@ML IN
12MBITS
- 2 TO 8 BIT PER PIXEL OSD OPTIONS
- LETTERBOX (16:9) DISPLAY FORMAT
- HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL RESIZING
FUNCTIONS
- AUDIO DECODER SUPPORTS LAYERS
1 AND 2 OF MPEG, INTERFACE TO
EXTERNAL DOLBY AC-3 DECODER
PAL/NTSC ENCODER
- MACROVISION VERSION 7.01/6.1
COMPATIBLE
- TELETEXT, AND CLOSED CAPTION
- SIMULTANEOUS OUTPUT OF RGB, CVBS
AND COMPONENT VIDEO
HIGH PERFORMANCE SDRAM MEMORY
INTERFACE
- SUPPORTS 1 OR 2 16MBIT 100MHz SDRAMS
- ACCESSIBLE BY MPEG DECODER, CPU
AND DMAS
- HIGH BANDWIDTH ACCESS FROM CPU
ALLOWS HIGH PERFORMANCE OSD
OPERATIONS
PROGRAMMABLE MEMORY INTERFACE
- 4 BANKS EACH 8/16 BITS WIDE
- SU P PO R T F O R MI XE D ME MO R Y ,
PER I PH ERALS, DRAM AND POWER PC
LINK INTERFACE
- SERIAL INPUT
- SUPPORTS DSS, DVB, AND DVD
BITSTREAMS
- 32 PIDS SUPPORTED
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- 32 SI/PSI FILTERS OF 16 BYTES
VECTORED INTERRUPTS - 8 PRIORITIZED
LEVELS
DMA ENGINES/INTERFACES
- 2 UARTS, 1 I2C CONTROLLER, 3 PWM
OUTPUTS, 3 TIMERS, 3 CAPTURE TIMERS
- 24 BITS OF PIO SHARED WITH SERIAL
INTERFACES
- OS LINK INTERFACE
- BLOCK MOVE DMA, 2 MPEG DMAS
- TELETEXT INTERFACE
PROFESSIONAL TOOLSET SUPPORT
- ANSI C COMPILER AND LIBRARIES
- INQUEST ADVANCED DEBUGGING TOOLS
NON-INTRUSIVE DEBUG CONTROLLER
- HARDWARE BREAKPOINTS
- REAL TIME TRACE
208 PIN PQFP PACKAGE
DESCRIPTION
The STi5500 is the first of a new generation of
integrated multimedia decoder engines for set top
box and DVD applications. It offers a high level of
integration by reducing the complete set top box
decoding chain from Transport Demux to
PAL/NTSC Encoder onto one chip. At the same time
it dramatically enhances CPU and Graphics performance, and cuts down total system memory cost.
PQFP208
(Plastic Quad Flat Pack)
ORDER CODE : STi5500
October 1997
This is advance information on a new product now in development or undergoing evaluation. Details are subject to change without notice.
1/11
VDD
PIO3[6]
PIO3[5]
PIO3[4]
PIO3[3]
PIO3[2]
PIO3[1]
PIO3[0]
GND
PIO1[4]
PIO1[3]
PIO4[6]
PIO4[5]
PIO4[4]
PIO4[3]
PIO4[2]
PIO4[1]
PIO4[0]
NOT_TRST
TDO
TCK
TMS
TDI
GND
VDD
ADR[21]
ADR[20]
ADR[19]
ADR[18]
ADR[17]
ADR[16]
ADR[15]
ADR[14]
ADR[13]
ADR[12]
ADR[11]
GND
VDD
ADR[10]
ADR[9]
ADR[8]
ADR[7]
ADR[6]
ADR[5]
ADR[4]
ADR[3]
ADR[2]
ADR[1]
GND
VDD
DATA[15]
DATA[14]
208
207
206
205
204
203
202
201
200
199
198
197
196
195
194
193
192
191
190
189
188
187
186
185
184
183
182
181
180
179
178
177
176
175
174
173
172
171
170
169
168
167
166
165
164
163
162
161
160
159
158
157
L
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I - PIN DESCRIPTION
EN
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I.1 - Pin Connections
I
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VDD
1
156
DATA[13]
PIO3[7]
2
155
DATA[12]
PIO2[0]
3
154
DATA[11]
GND
4
153
DATA[10]
PIO2[3]
5
152
DATA[9]
PIO2[4]
6
151
DATA[8]
PIO2[5]
7
150
GND
PIO2[7]
8
149
VDD
PIO1[0]
9
148
DATA[7]
PIO1[2]
10
147
DATA[6]
PIO1[5]
11
146
DATA[5]
PIO1[6]
12
145
DATA[4]
PIO1[7]
13
144
DATA[3]
PIO4[7]
14
143
DATA[2]
PIO0[0]
15
142
DATA[1]
PIO0[3]
16
141
DATA[0]
PIO0[4]
17
140
GND
VDD
18
139
VDD
GND
19
138
N_PPC_MOD
PIO0[5]
20
137
CPU_CLK (PPC_CLK)
PIO0[6]
21
136
READY
PIO0[7]
22
135
NOT_CSDXX
IRQ[0]
23
134
DMAXFER
IRQ[1]
24
133
READnotWRITE
IRQ[2]
25
132
NOT_CAS1
BRM0
26
131
GND
BRM1
27
130
VDD
BRM2
28
129
NOT_CAS0
STi5500
PQFP208
NOT_RST
29
128
NOT_RAS1
SDAV_CLK (PI394_CLK)
30
127
NOT_RAS0
SDAV_CLK (PI394_DATA)
31
126
NOT_CE3
SDAV_DIR (PI394_CLK)
32
125
NOT_CE2
OSC_IN
33
124
NOT_CE1
(Top View)
VDD
34
123
NOT_OE
GND
35
122
NOT_WE1
F_DATA
36
121
NOT_WE0
F_B_BCLK
37
120
GND
F_P_CLK
38
119
VDD
F_ERR
39
118
PIXCLK_27MHz
NRSS_CLK
40
117
OSD_ACTIVE
NRSS_OUT
41
116
AUXCLK
NRSS_IN
42
115
DQ[15]
PCM_CLKOUT (A_C_STB)
43
114
DQ[14]
PCM_DATA (A_C_DATA)
44
113
DQ[13]
PCM_CLKIN
45
112
DQ[12]
LRCLK (A_WORD_CLK)
46
111
GND
A_C_REQ
47
110
VDD
A_PTS_STB
48
109
DQ[11]
2/11
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
MEMCLKOUT
GND
AD[0]
AD[1]
AD[2]
AD[3]
AD[10]
AD[11]
NOT_SDCS[0]
NOT_SDCS[1]
VDD
GND
NOT_SDRAS
NOT_SDCAS
NOT_SDWE
DQML
DQ[0]
DQ[1]
DQ[2]
VDD
GND
DQ[3]
DQ[4]
DQ[5]
DQ[6]
DQ[7]
104
75
VDD
MEMCLKIN
74
AD[9]
103
73
AD[8]
102
72
AD[7]
VDD
71
GND
70
66
I_REF_DAC_YC
AD[6]
65
V_REF_DAC_YC
AD[5]
64
CV_OUT
69
63
C_OUT
AD[4]
62
Y_OUT
68
61
VSSA_1
67
60
VDDA_1
VDD
59
I_REF_DAC_RG
GND
58
V_REF_DAC_RG
DQMU
57
105
R_OUT
52
56
DQ[8]
ODD_OR_EVEN
55
106
B_OUT
51
G_OUT
DQ[9]
NOTHSYNC
54
DQ[10]
107
53
108
50
VSSA_0
49
VDDA_0
VDD
GND
5500-01.EPS
STi5500
STi5500
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II - PIN DESCRIPTION (continued)
EN
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I.2 - Pin List
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Pin
Name
SUPPLIES
1, 18, 34, 49, 67, 75, 86, 95,
VDD
102, 110, 119, 130, 139,
149, 159, 171, 184, 208
4, 19, 35, 50, 68, 77, 87, 96,
GND
103, 111, 120, 131, 140,
150, 160, 172, 185, 200
53, 60
VDDA
54, 61
VSSA
VIDEO OUTPUT INTERFACE
57
R_OUT
56
G_OUT
55
B_OUT
63
C_OUT
64
CV_OUT
62
Y_OUT
59
I_REF_DAC_RGB
66
I_REF_DAC_YCC
58
V_REF_DAC_RGB
65
V_REF_DAC_YCC
117
OSD_ACTIVE
118
PIXCLK_27MHz
51
NOTHSYNC
52
ODD_OR_EVEN
AC-3/MPEG1-2 AUDIO OUTPUT INTERFACE
43
PCM_CLKOUT / A_C_STB
44
PCM_DATA / A_C_DATA
45
PCM_CLKIN
46
LRCLK / A-WORD_CLK
47
A_C_REQ
48
A_PTS_STB
EXTERNAL INTERRUPTS
23, 25, 24
IRQ0-2
PROGRAMMABLE I/O
15, 16, 17, 20, 21, 22
PIO-0 [0, 3-7]
9, 10, 198, 199, 11, 12, 13
PIO-1 [0, 2-7]
3, 5, 6, 7, 8
PIO-2 [0, 3-5,7]
201-207, 2
PIO-3 [0-7]
191-197, 14
PIO-4 [0-7]
JTAG INTERFACE
188
TCK
186
TDI
189
TDO
187
TMS
190
NOT_TRST
SYSTEM USE
28
BRM2
27
BRM1_OR_BOOTFROMROM
Type
Function
Power Supply
Ground
Analog Power Supply for DENC
Analog Ground for DENC
O
O
O
O
O
O
I
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I
I/O
I
I/O
I/O
Red Output
Green Output
Blue Output
Chroma Output
Composite Video Output
Luma Output
DAC Current Reference
DAC Current Reference
DAC Voltage Reference
DAC Voltage Reference
OSD Active
System Clock Input
Horizontal Sync
Vertical Sync
O
O
I/O
O
I
I
(PCM Clock Out) or AC3 Data Strobe Data Out
PCM Data Out or AC3
PCM CLock In From VCXO
Left/Right Clock or AC3 Word Clock
AC3 Data Request
AC3 Audio PTS Strobe
I
External Interrupts
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
General Purpose IO
General Purpose IO
General Purpose IO
General Purpose IO
General Purpose IO
I
I
O
I
I
Test Clock
Test Data Input
Test Data Input
Test Mode Select
Test Reset
O
O/I
Modem Voltage Control
VCXO Control Audio BRM or Bootfromrom
During Reset
VCXO Control Video BRM or Configure Oslink
Pins
Reset
Auxilary Clock for Any Purpose
26
BRM0_OR_OSLINK_SEL
O/I
29
116
NOT_RST
AUXCLK
I
O
3/11
STi5500
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II - PIN DESCRIPTION (continued)
EN
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II.2 - Pin List (continued)
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Pin
Name
Type
Function
SDRAM INTERFACE
78-81, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73,
AD[0:11]
O
SDRAM Address Bus
74, 82, 83
92, 93, 94, 97, 98, 99, 100,
DQ[0:15]
I/O SDRAM Data (Lower Byte)
101, 106, 107, 108, 109,
112-115
84, 85
NOT_SDCS0-1
O
SDRAM Chip Selects
89
NOT_SDCAS
O
SDRAM CAS
88
NOT_SDRAS
O
SDRAM RAS
90
NOT_SDWE
O
SDRAM Write Enable
104
MEMCLKIN
I
SDRAM Memory Clock Input
76
MEMCLKOUT
O
SDRAM Memory Clock Output
91
DQML
O
DQ Mask Enable (Lower)
105
DQMU
O
DQ Mask Enable (Upper)
ROM AND EXTERNAL MICROPROCESSOR
161-170, 173-183
ADR[1:21]
I/O External Memory Address Bus
141-148, 151-158
DATA[0:15]
I/O External Memory Data Bus
128
NOT_RAS1_OR_HOLDREQ
O
DRAM RAS or Bus Request to External Micro
136
READY
O
Hold off External Micro
133
READNOTWRITE_OR_DMAACK I/O DRAM R/W Strobe or DMA Acknowledge from
External Micro
121, 122
NOT_WE[0:1]
I/O Write Enable of SRAM
129
NOT_CAS0_OR_HOLDACK
O/I DRAM CAS or Bus Grant from External Micro
132
NOT_CAS1_OR_NOT_DMAREQ
O
DRAM CAS or DMA Request (Ready) to
External Micro
124-126
NOT_CE[1:3]
O
Chip Select for Banks 1 - 3
135
NOT_CS
I
Chip Select to Access SDRAM
137
PPC_CLK
I
Power PC System Clock
127
NOT_RAS0_OR_NOT_CE4
O
DRAM RAS or Chip Select for Bank 0
134
DMAXFER
I
DMA Transfer Control from External Micro
138
NOT_PPC_MODE
I
Presence of Power PC
123
NOT_OE
I/O Output Enable of RAM / ROM
SDAV INERFACE
30
SDAV_CLK
I/O Data Strobe / CLK
31
SDAV_DATA
I/O Data Line
32
SDAV_DIR
O
Direction for Transmit Truefer Transmit, Pulse
for Receive
33
OSC_IN
I/O 49.152MHz Crystal Input
NRSS INTERFACE
40
NRSS_CLK
O
NRSS Serial Clock
42
NRSS_IN
I
NRSS Serial Data Input
41
NRSS_OUT
O
NRSS Serial Data Output
P1394 INTERFACE
30
P1394_CLK
I/O Data Strobe / CLK
31
P1394_DATA
I/O Data Line
32
P1394_P_CLK
I/O Packet Clock
4/11
STi5500
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II - BLOCK DIAGRAM
N
EDiagram
D
Block
Figure 1 : General I
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ST20 CPU
BLOCK MOVE
DMA
2 MPEG
DMAs
INTERRUPT
CONTROLLER
EMI
LINK
INTERFACE
2K
INSTRUCTION
CACHE
MPEG AUDIO
DECODER
AC-3 I/F
2
SMARTCARD
INTERFACES
(ASC)
2K DATA
CACHE AND
2K SRAM
DIAGNOSTICS
CONTROLLER
AND SYSTEM
SERVICES
MPEG VIDEO
DECODER
PAL/NTSC
ENCODER
TELETEXT
INTERFACE
5500-02.EPS
OS LINK
2 UART
1 I2C
PIO
3 PWM
5/11
STi5500
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III - INTERNAL CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
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A general block diagram
the STi5500 is shown
I
F
is Figure 1. N
CO offered by the ST20 32-bit microThe performance
core allows the following operations to be performed in software :
1 Device drivers for Video, Audio and Sub-picture
Decoders
2 Audio/Video/Subpicture synchronisation
3 System management functions
4 Electronic program guide
5 Conditional access module
The use of a 32-bit CPU enables advanced graphics routines to be employed for on-screen display
functions, allowing fast turnaround system upgrades.
III.1 - The ST20 32-bit CPU
The ST20 micro-core family has been developed by
SGS-THOMSON Microelectronics to provide the
tools and building blocks to enable the development
of highly integrated application-specific 32-bit devices at the lowest cost and fastest time to market.
The ST20 macrocell library includes the ST20Cx
family of 32-bit VL-RISC (variable length reduced
instruction set computer) micro-cores, embedded
memories, standard peripherals, I/O, controllers
and ASICs.
The STi5500 uses the ST20 macrocell library to
provide all of the dedicated hardware modules
required in a set top box or DVD system.
These include :
- High performance internal SRAM and cache subsystem,
- I2C interfaces to other devices in the set top box,
- UART serial I/O interface to modem and auxiliary
ports,
- Interrupt controller for internal and external interrupts,
- DMA to MPEG audio and video device(s),
- External memory interface supporting DRAM,
EPROM and peripherals,
- PWM/timer module for control of system clock VCXOs,
- Programmable I/O pins,
- Smart card interfaces.
III.2 - MPEG-2 Video/Audio Decoder
The video decoder implemented in the STi5500
uses a patented memory reduction/bandwidth reduction scheme to offer the user the best bandwidth/memory size compromise.
The algorithm is lossless and uses "on-the-fly"
decoding to reduce the memory requirements to
2 frame buffers in memory size reduction mode.
When used in bandwidth reduction mode the mem6/11
ory usage is the normal three buffers but the bandwidth required by the decoder is significantly reduced over a classical implementation.
In summary the features of this decoder core are :
- Video decoder fully supports MPEG-2 Main Profile/Main Level (MP@ML),
- Memory reduction architecture allows sharing of
single 16MBit SDRAM between MPEG decoding,
micro and transport functions - memory expandable to 32Mbits of SDRAM,
- Letterbox filter,
- Horizontal and vertical image re-sizing,
- 2 to 8 bit OSD (6-bit luma resolution, 4-bit chroma
resolution),
- Accepts MPEG-2 Program Streams, PES and
MPEG-1 system streams,
- Automatic error concealment.
The output from the video decoder is fed directly to
a PAL/NTSC encoder unit generating simultaneously a composite video signal, component Y/C
and RGB for each of the two standards.
The signals can be optionally encoded following
the MacrovisionTM 7.01/6.1 specification if the user
has a licence to use the technology. The digital
encoder cell is also capable of encoding into the
composite signal teletext and closed caption information.
The audio decoder performs MPEG levels 1 and
II decoding and is functionally equivalent to the
STi3520A audio decoder. The STi5500 has a dedicated interface to an external Dolby AC3 decoder
whilst allowing audio buffering to be performed in
the 16 Mbit SDRAM.
III.3 - High Quality Graphics
The graphics performance of the STi5500 supports
the new requirements for intelligent program
guides and interactive applications.
The display interface supports up to 256 colours for
each OSD region and a transparency feature allows mixing of video with the OSD. Fast access
graphics and many other additional features are
available and are supported by a graphics library.
Excellent system performance is obtained by
closely coupling the high performance RISC processor and cache with the MPEG audio/video core
and display memory.
Low latency RISC access and DMA engines allow
rapid construction of bit maps. DVD graphics are
also supported by an integrated sub picture decoder. Pan and scan and letterbox output are provided for 16:9 applications.
STi5500
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(continued)
III - INTERNAL CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
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III.4 - External Memory
I
F
N
and data memory. The processor can access memThe STi5500
been designed to minimize sysCOThehasexternal
ory via the general purpose External Memory Intertem costs.
memory interface contains
a zero glue logic DRAM controller and a low-cost
16-bit EPROM interface.
The STi5500 applies a unique memory architecture
which consolidates the system, on-screen display,
audio and video memory into a single memory chip.
Moreover, a patented memory management algorithm allows the STi5500 to decode an MPEG2 MP
@ ML bitstream with CCIR601 NTSC pictures in
only 10.5 Mbits and with CCIR601 PAL pictures in
only 12MBits, with absolutely no impact on the
picture quality.
If 16MBits SDRAM is attached to the STi5500, then
4 Mbits or more are free for other purposes such
as full screen high resolution graphics and processor use. A second optional 16Mbit SDRAM can also
be added for applications which require more
graphics features such as full screen still image
display or processor memory.
The STi5500 also has a generic processor interface allowing DMA access to the SDRAM memory
by an external processor.
The SDRAM memory interface directly supports
100MHz SDRAMs providing the very high bandwidths to support MPEG decoding and display,
OSD drawing and display, and general system use.
Furthermore, the ST20 VL-RISC micro-core has
the highest code density of any 32-bit CPU, leading
to the lowest cost program ROM.
III.5 - STi5500 Functional Description
III.5.1 - STi5500 Functional Modules
Figure 1 shows the subsystem modules that comprise the STi5500. These modules are outlined
below and more detailed information is given in the
following chapters of this datasheet.
III.5.2 - CPU
The Central Processing Unit (CPU) on the STi5500
is the ST20-C2 32-bit processor core. It contains
instruction processing logic, instruction and data
pointers and an operand register. It directly accesses the high speed on-chip SRAM memory,
which can store data or programs, and uses the
Caches to reduce access time to off chip program
face (EMI) or via the SDRAM EMI which is shared
with the MPEG decoder.
III.5.3 - Memory Subsystem
The STi5500 on-chip SRAM memory system provides 160Mbytes/s internal data bandwidth, supporting pipelined 2-cycle internal memory access
at 25 ns cycle times. The STi5500 memory system
consists of 2 Kbytes of SRAM, 2Kbytes of instruction cache, a 2Kbyte data cache that can be programmed to be SRAM, and an external memory
interface (EMI).
The STi5500 product has 2 Kbytes of on-chip
SRAM. The advantage of this is the ability to store
time critical code on chip, for instance interrupt
routines, software kernels or device drivers, and
even frequently used data without these being
flushed from the caches.
The instruction and data caches are direct mapped
with a write-back system for the data cache and
support burst accesses to the external memories
for refill and write-back which are effective for increasing performance with page-mode and
SDRAM memories.
The STi5500 EMI controls access to the external
memory and peripherals while the SDRAM EMI
provides access to the SDRAM buffer for the
MPEG decoders, ST20 and DMA peripherals.
The STi5500 EMI can access a 16 Mbyte (or
greater if DRAM is used) physical address space
in each of the four general purpose memory banks,
and provides sustained transfer rates of up to
80Mbytes/s.
Peripherals that support an asynchronous data
acknowledge are supported as is an external
PowerPC which can share the bus with the
STi5500 and access the SDRAM buffer through
the device.
High memory bandwidths up to 200Mbytes/s can
be supported by the SDRAM EMI (see Figure 2).
The STi5500 internal memory interconnect provides
buffering and arbitration of memory access requests to
sustain very high throughput of memory accesses.
Figure 1 STi5500 architectural block diagram.
7/11
STi5500
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(continued)
III - INTERNAL CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
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Figure 2 : STi5500 ITop-Level Architecture
NF
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LINK INTERFACE
SDRAM ARBITOR
SDRAM
CPU ARBITOR
AUDIO
I - CACHE
SRAM
VIDEO
DENC
D - CACHE
COMPRESSED DATA/REGISTER BUS
DRAM
CPU
ST-20
ARBITOR
ST-20 EMI
ROM
SRAM
CENTRAL COMMAND PORT
MPEG DMA
I2C
BLOCK MOVE DMA
UART
MPEG DMA
COMMUNICATIONS
ARBITOR
5500-03.EPS
PWM
PERIPHERAL DMA
III.5.4 - System services module
The STi5500 system services module includes :
- phase locked loop (PLL) - accepts 27MHz input
and generates all the internal high frequency
clocks needed for the CPU and the OS-Link.
- Test access port - JTAG compatible,
- Diagnostics controller accessed via the JTAG
port providing :
- Bootstrapping during development,
- Hardware breakpoint and watchpoint,
- Real time trace,
- External LSA triggering support.
III.5.5 - Serial Communications
To facilitate the connection of this system the front
end device and other peripherals, two UARTs
(ASCs) are included in the device. The UARTs
provide an asynchronous serial interface. The
UART can be programmed to support a range of
baud rates and data formats, for example, data
size, stop bits and parity. Two synchronous serial
communications (SSC) interfaces are provided on
the device. These can be used for a remote control
device for example via an I2C or SPI bus.
III.5.6 - Interrupt Subsystem
The STi5500 interrupt subsystem supports eight
prioritized interrupt levels. Four external interrupt
pins are provided. Level assignment logic allows
any of the internal or external interrupts to be assigned and, if necessary, share any interrupt level.
8/11
III.5.7 - Link Interface
The link interface is an integrated transport stream
processor which accepts either DSS or DVB
streams on a serial interface with a front-end device. The interface performs the demultiplexing
operations with no interaction from the ST20. In
summary the features of the interface are :
- Framing of transport packets (SYNC byte detection),
- PID filtering of up to 32 PIDs,
- Descrambling to DVB/DES standard - transport
or PES level (DVB),
- Adaptation field parsing - detection and time
stamping. System time clock adjustment handled
by software.
- Section filtering - 32 filters,
- Demultiplexing of transport stream by PID,
- DMA and buffering of streams in memory with
communication to CPU of buffer state,
- DMA of two of the streams to the audio and video
MPEG decoder compressed data FIFOs.
In addition to these transport device functions the
interface can copy the entire transport stream or
selected PIDs from the transport stream through an
SDAV (high speed bi-directional serial bus) interface.
Communication with the ST20 is made via interrupts and a shared memory space. The ST20 can
place filter values, DMA destinations and descrambling keys, for example, in the shared memory to
be picked up later during demultiplexing/descrambling operations.
STi5500
L
A
I
T
(continued)
III - INTERNAL CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
N
E
D
One dedicated to the ST20 called the ST20 EMI,
III.5.8 - PWM and Counter
Module
NFIthree separate
this interface can support directly SRAM, DRAM,
This unitO
includes
pulse width
ROM
and FLASH and a second interface which is
C
modulator (PWM) generators using a shared
used by the MPEG decoders (audio and video) and
counter, and three timer compare and capture
channels sharing a second counter.
The counters can be clocked from a pre-scaled
internal clock or from a pre-scaled external clock
via the capture clock input and the event on which
the timer value is captured is also programmable.
The PWM counters are 8-bit with 8-bit registers to set
the output high time. The capture/compare counter
and the compare and capture registers are 32-bit.
III.5.9 - Parallel Programmable IO Module
Forty bits of parallel IO are provided. Each bit is
programmable as an output or an input. The output
can be configured as a totem pole or open drain
driver. Input compare logic is provided which can
generate an interrupt on any change on any input bit.
Many pins of the STi5500 device are multi-function
and can either be configured as PIO or connected
to an internal peripheral signal.
III.5.10 - MPEG Video Decoder
The video decoder is a real-time video compression
processor supporting the MPEG-1 and MPEG-2
standards at video rates up to 720 x 480 x 60 Hz and
720 x 576 x 50 Hz. Picture format conversion for display
is performed by vertical and horizontal filters. User-defined bitmaps may be superimposed on the display
picture through use of the on-screen display function.
III.5.11 - PAL/NTSC encoder
The digital encoder which is integrated in the STi5500
produces, from a multiplexed 4:2:2 YUV stream
simultainious RGB,CVBS and component outputs
on two triple DACs. The encoder can also perform
cloased-caption, CGMS or teletext encoding and
allows MacrovisionTM 7.01/6.1 copy protection.
III.5.12 - MPEG-1 Audio Decoder
The audio decoder is a fully compliant MPEG-1
decoder (Layers 1 & 2)
III.6 - STi 5500 Internal Architecture and Dataflow
Reference is made to the STi5500 internal architecture block diagram, figure 2 in this section.
The intention of the OMEGA architecture is to allow
as much flexibility as possible for a user to design
a memory system and arrange data in a manner
which best fits the system needs. There are two
main memory systems.
supports only SDRAM. An important architectural
feature of the device is that the SDRAM memory
can be viewed by the ST20 as an extension of it’s
own memory system. The ST20 memory arbitor
can make requests into the SDRAM arbitor which
are treated as the highest priority. A mechanism is
implemented to ensure that the microprocessor
cannot block out completely the MPEG decoder
form the SDRAM.
The STi 5500 device is divided into essentially two
main parts. The CPU system and peripherals and
the MPEG video/audio decoder system. The whole
system is built around four interconnected arbitors.
- The CPU arbitor,
- The Comunications (DMA) arbitor),
- The ST20 arbitor,
- The SDRAM arbitor.
Starting at the lowest level the CPU arbitor schedules outgoing requests to the memory system coming from the cache refil controller with the incoming
requests from the ST20 arbitor to the internal
SRAM.
The communications arbitor schedules all the requests for access to the ST20 arbitor and consequently the memory system coming from the DMA
engines. The CPU and the communications arbitors consequently make requests into the the ST20
arbitor and are scheduled along with the requests
from the front-end interface in the following priority :
- Link Interface - Highest priority,
- CPU arbitor - round robin with communications
arbitor,
- Communications arbitor - round robin with CPU
arbitor,
There are four possible destinations for these three
requestors :
- Shared Memory Interface (SDRAM),
- Compressed data port,
- Register port ( for audio, video and DENC blocks),
- ST20 external memory interface.
The ST20 arbitor works like a bus in that only one
access can be on-going at any one time, however
a split-transaction scheme allows tasks to be
queued at the receivers and allows the requesters
to have multiple outstanding requests.
This means a transaction does not have to be
complete for another transaction to take place over
the arbitor. Hence, slow interfaces or transactions
do not slow down the internal communications.
9/11
STi5500
L
A
I
T
(continued)
III - INTERNAL CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
N
E
D
For program specific information (EPG etc) this
The ST20 arbitor can
FI make two types of requests data
my be sent to an external buffer in SDRAM or
into SDRAM,N
a single word access (32-bits) or a
Oof 4 x 32-bit words. The following table a memory
on the external ST20 EMI.
burst access
C
summerizes the different types of accesses by
source and destination (see Table 1).
Data is moved around the device using a number
of general purpose DMA engines which are kicked
off by the CPU at a certain address and are then
autonomous. In a typical application data will arrive
via the front-end interface (a transport stream in a
set-top application or a program / sector stream in
a DVD application (see Table 1).
The link interface has a built in programmable DMA
multichannel engine which can be used to direct
the data to any memory or memory mapped peripheral. In the case of a set-top application a DMA
destination can be defined for each pid so for
audio/video (PES) data this destination would be
the compressed data FIFOs which are mapped into
the ST20 memory system at specific addresses.
In a DVD system the incoming sector stream data
would be sent, using the DMA in the front end
interface to a track buffer which could be either in
external DRAM off the ST20 EMI or in shared
SDRAM. This is automatic and needs no CPU
intervention appart from an initial configuration.
The track buffer is then parsed in software and two
general purpose DMAs can be used to transfer
blocks of data from the track buffer to the compressed data FIFOs to be decoded. In a set-top box
application a transport stream can be split by pid
into many component streams.
The video/audio streams would be directly sent to
the CD fifos using a non-incremental DMA transfer.
Other streams such as EPG data can be stored as
a circular buffer in another memory space using an
incremental DMA.
Table 1
Source
SMI/SDRAM
ST20 EMI
Internal SRAM
Compressed Data/Reg. Port
CPU
Single Word
Single Word
Single Word
Single Word
Caches
Burst
Burst
Single Word
n/a
Link Interface
Burst/Single
Burst/Single
Single
Single
DMA Engines
Single
Single
Single
Single
Video Decoder
Large Bursts
n/a
n/a
n/a
Audio Decoder
Large Bursts
n/a
n/a
n/a
10/11
STi5500
AL
I
T
EN
D
I
NF
O
C
IV - PACKAGE MECHANICAL DATA : 208 PINS - PLASTIC QUAD FLAT PACK
A
D
D1
A1
e
D3
IDENTIFICATION
0.004
PIN 1
0.10mm
Seating plane
A2
B
C
E3
E1
PMPQF208.EPS
L
L1
E
K
Dimensions
A
A1
A2
B
C
D
D1
D3
e
E
E1
E3
L
L1
K
Min.
0.25
3.20
0.17
0.09
3.40
30.60
28.00
25.50
0.50
30.60
28.00
25.50
0.60
1.30
0.45
Max.
4.10
3.60
0.27
0.20
0.75
Min.
0.010
0.126
0.007
0.004
0.018
Inches
Typ.
0.134
1.205
1.102
1.004
0.020
1.205
1.102
1.004
0.024
0.051
Max.
0.0161
0.142
0.011
0.008
0.030
PQFP208.TBL
Ref.
Millimeters
Typ.
0° (Min.), 7° (Max.)
Note : Exact shape of each corner is optional.
This device is protected by US patent numbers 4631603, 4577216 and 4819098 and other intellectual property rights. The use of
Macrovision’s copy protection technology in the device must be authorized by Macrovision and is intended for home and other limited
pay-per-view uses only, unless otherwise authorized in writing by Macrovision. Reverse engineering or disassembly is prohibited. Please
contact your nearest SGS-THOMSON Microelectronics sales office for more information.
Information furnished is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, SGS-THOMSON Microelectronics assumes no responsibility
for the consequences of use of such information nor for any infringement of patents or other rights of third parties which may result
from its use. No licence is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of SGS-THOMSON Microelectronics.
Specifications mentioned in this publication are subject to change without notice. This publication supersedes and replaces all
information previously supplied. SGS-THOMSON Microelectronics products are not authorized for use as critical components in life
support decoders or systems without express written approval of SGS-THOMSON Microelectronics.
© 1997 SGS-THOMSON Microelectronics - All Rights Reserved
Purchase of I2C Components of SGS-THOMSON Microelectronics, conveys a license under the Philips
I2C Patent. Rights to use these components in a I2C system, is granted provided that the system conforms to
the I2C Standard Specifications as defined by Philips.
SGS-THOMSON Microelectronics GROUP OF COMPANIES
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11/11