STMICROELECTRONICS ACST435-8FP

ACST4
Overvoltage protected AC switch
Features
■
Triac with overvoltage protection
■
Low IGT (<10 mA) or high immunity
(IGT<35 mA) version
■
High noise immunity: static dV/dt > 1000 V/µs
■
TO-220FPAB insulated package: 1500 V rms
OUT
COM
DPAK
ACST410-8B
ACST435-8B
Benefits
■
Enables equipment to meet IEC 61000-4-5
■
High off-state reliability with planar technology
■
Needs no external overvoltage protection
■
Reduces the power passive component count
■
High immunity against fast transients
described in IEC 61000-4-4 standards
G
OUT
COM
G
Figure 1.
TO-220FPAB
ACST410-8FP
ACST435-8FP
Functional diagram
OUT
Applications
■
AC mains static switching in appliance and
industrial control systems
■
Drive of medium power AC loads such as:
– Universal motor of washing machine drum
– Compressor for fridge or air conditioner
Description
The ACST4 series belongs to the ACS™/ACST
power switch family built with A.S.D.® (application
specific discrete) technology. This high
performance device is suited to home appliances
or industrial systems, and drives loads up to 4 A.
This ACST4 switch embeds a Triac structure and
a high voltage clamping device able to absorb the
inductive turn-off energy and withstand line
transients such as those described in the
IEC 61000-4-5 standards. The ACST410 needs
only a low gate current to be activated (IGT < 10
mA) and still shows a high noise immunity
complying with IEC standards such as
IEC 61000-4-4 (fast transient burst test).
December 2009
G
COM
Table 1.
Device summary
Symbol
Value
Unit
IT(RMS)
4
A
VDRM/VRRM
800
V
IGT (ACST410)
10
mA
IGT (ACST435)
35
mA
TM: ACS is a trademark of STMicroelectronics.
®: A.S.D. is a registered trademark of
STMicroelectronics
Doc ID 8766 Rev 5
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www.st.com
13
Characteristics
ASCT4
1
Characteristics
Table 2.
Absolute ratings (limiting values)
Symbol
IT(RMS)
Parameter
On-state rms current (full sine wave)
Value
TO-220FPAB
Tc = 102 °C
DPAK
Tc = 112 °C
4
A
DPAK with
Tamb = 60 °C
0.5 cm2 copper
ITSM
I2t
Unit
1
Non repetitive surge peak on-state current F = 60 Hz
Tj initial = 25 °C, ( full cycle sine wave)
F = 50 Hz
tp = 16.7 ms
32
A
tp = 20 ms
30
A
I2t
tp = 10 ms
6
A2s
Tj = 125 °C
100
A/µs
for fuse selection
dI/dt
Critical rate of rise on-state current
IG = 2 x IGT, (tr ≤ 100 ns)
VPP
Non repetitive line peak pulse voltage (1)
Tj = 25 °C
2
kV
Average gate power dissipation
Tj = 125 °C
0.1
W
PGM
Peak gate power dissipation (tp = 20 µs)
Tj = 125 °C
10
W
IGM
Peak gate current (tp = 20 µs)
Tj = 125 °C
1.6
A
Tstg
Storage temperature range
-40 to +150
°C
Tj
Operating junction temperature range
-40 to +125
°C
Tl
Maximum lead solder temperature during 10 ms (at 3 mm from plastic case)
260
°C
1500
V
PG(AV)
F = 120 Hz
TO-220FPAB
VINS(RMS) Insulation rms voltage
1. According to test described in IEC 61000-4-5 standard and Figure 19.
Table 3.
Symbol
Electrical characteristics
Test conditions
Quadrant
Tj
ACST410 ACST435
Unit
IGT(1)
VOUT = 12 V, RL = 33 Ω
I - II - III
25 °C
MAX.
10
35
mA
VGT
VOUT = 12 V, RL = 33 Ω
I - II - III
25 °C
MAX.
1.0
1.1
V
VGD
VOUT = VDRM, RL = 3.3 kΩ
I - II - III
125 °C
MIN.
IH(2)
IOUT = 500 mA
25 °C
MAX.
20
25
mA
IL
IG = 1.2 x IGT
25 °C
MAX.
40
60
mA
125 °C
MIN.
500
1000
V/µs
125 °C
MIN.
5
A/ms
dV/dt
(2)
I - II - III
VOUT = 67 % VDRM, gate open
(dI/dt)c(2) Without snubber
(2)
(dI/dt)c
VCL
(dV/dt)c = 15 V/µs
125 °C
ICL = 0.1 mA, tp = 1 ms
25 °C
1. Minimum IGT is guaranteed at 5% of IGT max
2. For both polarities of OUT pin referenced to COM pin
2/13
Doc ID 8766 Rev 5
0.2
2
MIN.
V
A/ms
850
V
ASCT4
Characteristics
Table 4.
Static characteristics
Symbol
Test conditions
Value
Unit
VTM(1)
IOUT = 5.6 A, tp = 500 µs
Tj = 25 °C
MAX.
1.7
V
VT0(1)
Threshold voltage
Tj = 125 °C
MAX.
0.9
V
Rd(1)
Dynamic resistance
Tj = 125 °C
MAX.
110
mΩ
IDRM
IRRM
Tj = 25 °C
MAX.
20
µA
VOUT = VDRM/ VRRM
Tj = 125 °C
MAX.
500
µA
Value
Unit
1. For both polarities of OUT pin referenced to COM pin
Table 5.
Thermal resistances
Symbol
Parameter
Junction to ambient
Rth(j-a)
Rth(j-c)
Figure 2.
6
TO-220FPAB
60
DPAK
70
TO-220FPAB
4.6
DPAK
2.6
°C/W
2
Junction to ambient (soldered on 0.5 cm copper pad)
Junction to case for full cycle sine wave conduction
°C/W
Maximum power dissipation versus Figure 3.
on-state rms current
P(W)
α = 180°
5
180°
On-state rms current versus case
temperature (full cycle)
IT(RMS)(A)
α=180°
5
DPAK
4
TO220FPAB
4
3
3
2
2
1
1
IT(RMS)(A)
0
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
TC (°C)
0
0
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25
50
75
100
125
3/13
Characteristics
Figure 4.
2.0
ASCT4
On-state rms current versus
ambient temperature (free air
convection, full cycle)
Figure 5.
IT(RMS)(A)
1.0E+00
Relative variation of thermal
impedance versus pulse duration
K = [Zth / Rth]
Zth(j-c)
α=180°
DPAK
TO-220FPAB
Zth(j-a)
1.5
DPAK with copper
surface = 0.5 cm2
TO-220FPAB
1.0E-01
1.0
0.5
Tp(s)
Ta(°C)
0.0
1.0E-02
0
25
Figure 6.
50
75
100
125
Relative variation of gate trigger
current (IGT) and voltage (VGT)
versus junction temperature
Figure 7.
IGT, VGT[Tj] / IGT, VGT[Tj = 25 °C]
3.0
1.0E-03
2.5
1.0E-02
1.0E-01
1.0E+00
1.0E+01
1.0E+03
Relative variation of holding
current (IH) and latching current (IL)
versus junction temperature
IH, IL[Tj] / IH, IL[Tj = 25 °C]
(typical values)
(typical values)
IGT Q3
2.5
1.0E+02
2.0
IGT Q1-Q2
2.0
1.5
1.5
1.0
VGT Q1-Q2-Q3
1.0
IL
0.5
0.5
IH
Tj(°C)
0.0
-50
-25
Figure 8.
35
Tj(°C)
0.0
0
25
50
75
100
125
Surge peak on-state current
versus number of cycles
-50
-25
Figure 9.
ITSM(A)
1000
0
25
50
75
100
125
Non repetitive surge peak on-state
current and corresponding value of
I2t versus sinusoidal pulse width
ITSM(A), I²t (A²s)
dl /dt limitation: 100 A / µs
Tj initial = 25 °C
30
t=20ms
25
One cycle
Non repetitive
Tj initial=25 °C
100
ITSM
20
15
10
I²t
10
Repetitive
TC=102°C
5
Number of cycles
0
1
4/13
10
100
1000
1
0.01
Doc ID 8766 Rev 5
tp (ms)
0.10
1.00
10.00
ASCT4
Characteristics
Figure 10. On-state characteristics
(maximum values)
100
Figure 11. Relative variation of critical rate of
decrease of main current (dI/dt)c
versus junction temperature
ITM(A)
(dI/dt)c [Tj] / (dl/dt)c [Tj = 125 °C]
8
Tjmax:
Vto = 0.90 V
Rd = 110 mΩ
7
6
5
10
4
3
2
Tj = 125 °C
1
Tj = 25 °C
VTM(V)
1
0
1
2
3
4
5
Figure 12. Relative variation of static dV/dt
immunity versus junction
temperature (gate open)
6
Tj(°C)
0
25
50
75
100
125
Figure 13. Relative variation of leakage
current versus junction
temperature
dV/dt [Tj] / dV/dt [Tj = 125 °C]
VD = VR = 536 V
IDRM/IRRM [Tj; VDRM / VRRM] / IDRM/IRRM [Tj = 125 °C; 800 V]
1.0E+00
VDRM = VRRM = 800V
5
Different blocking voltages
4
1.0E-01
VDRM = VRRM = 600 V
3
1.0E-02
2
VDRM = VRRM = 200 V
1
Tj(°C)
0
25
50
75
100
125
Figure 14. Relative variation of the clamping
voltage (VCL) versus junction
temperature (minimum values)
1.15
VCL[Tj] / VCL [Tj = 25 °C]
Tj(°C)
1.0E-03
25
50
100
125
Figure 15. Thermal resistance junction to
ambient versus copper surface
under tab
100
Rth(j-a)(°C/W)
Printed circuit board FR4,
copper thickness = 35 µm
90
1.10
75
DPAK
80
70
1.05
60
1.00
50
40
0.95
30
20
0.90
0.85
-50
Tj(°C)
10
SCU(cm²)
0
-25
0
25
50
75
100
125
0
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15
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30
35
40
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Application information
ASCT4
2
Application information
2.1
Typical application description
The ACST4 device has been designed to control medium power load, such as AC motors in
home appliances. Thanks to its thermal and turn off commutation performances, the ACST4
switch is able to drive an inductive load up to 4 A with no turn off additional snubber. It also
provides high thermal performances in static and transient modes such as the compressor
inrush current or high torque operating conditions of an AC motor. Thanks to its low gate
triggering current level, the ACST4 can be driven directly by an MCU through a simple gate
resistor as shown Figure 16 and Figure 17.
Figure 16. Compressor control – typical diagrams
Compressor
Compressor
AC Mains
AC Mains
2
PTC
Electronic
starter
1
logical circuitry
PTC
ACST
Start
switch
3
ACST
ACST
Run
switch
Electronic
thermostat
ACST
Rg
Power supply
Gate
Driver
Rg
Power supply
Compressor with integrated e-starter
6/13
Doc ID 8766 Rev 5
Rg
Gate
Driver
Compressor with external electronic drive
ASCT4
Application information
Figure 17. Universal drum motor control – typical diagram
Universal motor
Stator
Rotor
12V
AC Mains
Motor direction
setting
MCU
Speed motor
regulation
ACST
Rg
Vcc
MCU
2.2
AC line transient voltage ruggedness
In comparison with standard Triacs, which are not robust against surge voltage, the ACST4
is self-protected against over-voltage, specified by the new parameter VCL. The ACST4
switch can safely withstand AC line transient voltages either by clamping the low energy
spikes, such as inductive spikes at switch off, or by switching to the on state (for less than 10
ms) to dissipate higher energy shocks through the load. This safety feature works even with
high turn-on current ramp up.
The test circuit of Figure 18 represents the ACST4 application, and is used to stress the
ACST switch according to the IEC 61000-4-5 standard conditions. With the additional effect
of the load which is limiting the current, the ACST switch withstands the voltage spikes up to
2 kV on top of the peak line voltage. The protection is based on an overvoltage crowbar
technology. The ACST4 folds back safely to the on state as shown in Figure 19. The ACST4
recovers its blocking voltage capability after the surge and the next zero current crossing.
Such a non repetitive test can be done at least 10 times on each AC line voltage polarity.
Doc ID 8766 Rev 5
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Application information
ASCT4
Figure 18. Overvoltage ruggedness test circuit for resistive and inductive loads for
IEC 61000-4-5 standards
R = 23 Ω, L = 2 µH, Vsurge = 2 kV
Rg = 220 Ω (ACST410-8), 68 Ω (ACST435-8)
Surge generator
2kV surge
Rgene
Model of the load
Filtering unit
R
L
ACST4
AC Mains
Rg
Figure 19. Typical current and voltage waveforms across the ACST4 during
IEC 61000-4-5 standard test
Vpeak = VCL
1.2/50 µs voltage surge
V
0
Ipeak = 90 A
8/20 µs current surge
I
0
dI/dt = 130 A/µs
8/13
Doc ID 8766 Rev 5
ASCT4
3
Ordering information scheme
Ordering information scheme
Figure 20. Ordering information scheme
ACS T 4 10 - 8
B TR
AC switch
Topology
T = Triac
On-state rms current
4=4A
Triggering gate current
10 = 10 mA
35 = 35 mA
Repetitive peak off-state voltage
8 = 800V
Package
B = DPAK
FP = TO-220FPAB
Delivery mode
TR = Tape and reel
Blank = Tube
Doc ID 8766 Rev 5
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Package information
4
ASCT4
Package information
●
Epoxy meets UL94, V0
●
Cooling method: by conduction (C)
●
Recommended torque value(TO220FPAB): 0.4 to 0.6 N·m
In order to meet environmental requirements, ST offers these devices in different grades of
ECOPACK® packages, depending on their level of environmental compliance. ECOPACK®
specifications, grade definitions and product status are available at: www.st.com.
ECOPACK® is an ST trademark.
Table 6.
TO-220FPAB dimensions
Dimensions
Ref.
Millimeters
Inches
Min.
Max.
Min.
Max.
A
4.4
4.6
0.173
0.181
B
2.5
2.7
0.098
0.106
D
2.5
2.75
0.098
0.108
E
0.45
0.70
0.018
0.027
F
0.75
1
0.030
0.039
F1
1.15
1.70
0.045
0.067
F2
1.15
1.50
0.045
0.059
G
4.95
5.20
0.195
0.205
G1
2.4
2.7
0.094
0.106
H
10
10.4
0.393
0.409
A
B
H
Dia
L6
L2
L7
L3
L5
F1
L4
D
F2
F
L2
E
G1
G
10/13
Doc ID 8766 Rev 5
16 Typ.
0.63 Typ.
L3
28.6
30.6
1.126
1.205
L4
9.8
10.6
0.386
0.417
L5
2.9
3.6
0.114
0.142
L6
15.9
16.4
0.626
0.646
L7
9.00
9.30
0.354
0.366
Dia.
3.00
3.20
0.118
0.126
ASCT4
Package information
Table 7.
DPAK dimensions
Dimensions
Ref.
E
A
B2
C2
L2
Millimeters
Inches
Min.
Max.
Min.
Max.
A
2.20
2.40
0.086
0.094
A1
0.90
1.10
0.035
0.043
A2
0.03
0.23
0.001
0.009
B
0.64
0.90
0.025
0.035
B2
5.20
5.40
0.204
0.212
C
0.45
0.60
0.017
0.023
C2
0.48
0.60
0.018
0.023
D
6.00
6.20
0.236
0.244
E
6.40
6.60
0.251
0.259
G
4.40
4.60
0.173
0.181
H
9.35
10.10
0.368
0.397
D
R
H
L4
A1
B
G
R
C
A2
0.60 MIN.
L2
V2
0.80 typ.
0.031 typ.
L4
0.60
1.00
0.023
0.039
V2
0°
8°
0°
8°
Figure 21. Footprint (dimensions in mm)
6.7
3
3
1.6
2.3
6.7
2.3
1.6
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Ordering information
5
ASCT4
Ordering information
Table 8.
Ordering information
Order code
Marking
Package
Weight
Base Qty
Delivery mode
DPAK
1.5 g
50
Tube
DPAK
1.5 g
1000
Tape and reel
ACST410-8FP
TO-220FPAB
2.4 g
50
Tube
ACST435-8B
DPAK
1.5 g
50
Tube
DPAK
1.5 g
1000
Tape and reel
TO-220FPAB
2.4 g
50
Tube
ACST410-8B
ACST410-8BTR
ACST435-8BTR
ACST4108
ACST4358
ACST435-8FP
6
Revision history
Table 9.
12/13
Document revision history
Date
Revision
Changes
Jan-2003
3A
04-Jul-2007
4
Reformatted to current standard. Added package.
18-Dec-2009
5
VDRM/VRRM updated to 800 V. Order codes updated.
Previous update.
Doc ID 8766 Rev 5
ASCT4
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