HOLTEK HT48RA0A

HT48RA0A
8-Bit Remote Type MCU
Features
· Operating voltage: 2.2V~3.6V
· 62 powerful instructions
· Ten bidirectional I/O lines
· Up to 1ms instruction cycle with 4MHz system clock
· Six Schmitt trigger input lines
· All instructions in 1 or 2 machine cycles
· One carrier output (1/2 or 1/3 duty)
· 14-bit table read instructions
· On-chip crystal and RC oscillator
· One-level subroutine nesting
· Watchdog Timer
· Bit manipulation instructions
· 1K´14 program EPROM
· 20/24-pin SOP package
· 32´8 data RAM
· HALT function and wake-up feature reduce power
consumption
General Description
HALT and wake-up functions, as well as low cost, enhance the versatility of this device to suit a wide range of
application possibilities such as industrial control, consumer products, and particularly suitable for use in
products such as infrared remote controllers and various subsystem controllers.
The HT48RA0A is an 8-bit high performance, RISC architecture microcontroller device specifically designed
for multiple I/O control product applications. This device
is the OTP version which is fully pin and functionally
compatible with mask version HT48CA0 device.
The advantages of low power consumption, I/O flexibility, timer functions, oscillator options, watchdog timer,
Block Diagram
S T A C K
P ro g ra m
E P R O M
P ro g ra m
C o u n te r
S Y S C L K /4
In s tr u c tio n
R e g is te r
M
M P
U
X
D A T A
M e m o ry
F r e q u e n c y D iv id e r
C a r r ie r C o n tr o l
W D T
P C 0 C o n tro l
A L U
P O R T B
S T A T U S
P B
S h ifte r
T im in g
G e n e ra to r
P A
Rev. 1.70
O S
R E
V D
V S
P C 0 /R E M
M U X
In s tr u c tio n
D e c o d e r
O S C 2
L e v e l o r C a r r ie r
S
C 1
S
P B 0 ~ P B 1
P B 2 ~ P B 7
P O R T A
P A 0 ~ P A 7
A C C
D
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July 16, 2003
HT48RA0A
Pin Assignment
P A 1
1
2 4
P A 2
P A 0
2
2 3
P A 3
P A 1
1
2 0
P A 2
P B 1
3
2 2
P A 4
P A 0
2
1 9
P A 3
P B 0
4
2 1
P A 5
P B 1
3
1 8
P A 4
P C 0 /R E M
5
2 0
P A 6
P B 0
4
1 7
P A 5
V D D
6
1 9
P A 7
P C 0 /R E M
5
1 6
P A 6
O S C 2
7
1 8
P B 2
V D D
6
1 5
P A 7
O S C 1
8
1 7
P B 3
O S C 2
7
1 4
P B 2
V S S
9
1 6
P B 4
O S C 1
8
1 3
P B 3
R E S
1 0
1 5
P B 5
V S S
9
1 2
P B 4
N C
1 1
1 4
P B 6
R E S
1 0
1 1
P B 5
N C
1 2
1 3
P B 7
H T 4 8 R A 0 A
2 0 S O P -A
H T 4 8 R A 0 A
2 4 S O P -A
Pin Description
I/O
Code
Option
Description
PA0~PA7
I/O
¾
Bidirectional 8-bit input/output port with pull-high resistors. Each bit can be determined as NMOS output or Schmitt trigger input by software instructions.
PB0, PB1
I/O
Wake-up
or None
2-bit bidirectional input/output lines with pull-high resistors. Each bit can be determined as NMOS output or Schmitt trigger input by software instructions.
Each bit can also be configured as wake-up input by code option.
PB2~PB7
I
PC0/REM
O
Level or
Carrier
VDD
¾
¾
Positive power supply
VSS
¾
¾
Negative power supply, ground
OSC2
OSC1
I
O
Crystal
or RC
RES
I
¾
Pin Name
Wake-up or 6-bit Schmitt trigger input lines with pull-high resistors. Each bit can be configNone
ured as a wake-up input by code option.
Level or carrier output pin
PC0 can be set as CMOS output pin or carrier output pin by code option.
OSC1, OSC2 are connected to an RC network or a crystal (determined by
code option) for the internal system clock. In the case of RC operation, OSC2
is the output terminal for 1/4 system clock (NMOS open drain output).
Schmitt trigger reset input. Active low.
Absolute Maximum Ratings
Supply Voltage ...........................VSS-0.3V to VSS+4.0V
Storage Temperature ............................-50°C to 125°C
Input Voltage..............................VSS-0.3V to VDD+0.3V
Operating Temperature...........................-40°C to 85°C
Note: These are stress ratings only. Stresses exceeding the range specified under ²Absolute Maximum Ratings² may
cause substantial damage to the device. Functional operation of this device at other conditions beyond those
listed in the specification is not implied and prolonged exposure to extreme conditions may affect device reliability.
Rev. 1.70
2
July 16, 2003
HT48RA0A
D.C. Characteristics
Ta=25°C
Test Conditions
Symbol
Parameter
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
Conditions
VDD
VDD
Operating Voltage
¾
LVR disabled
2.2
¾
3.6
V
IDD
Operating Current
3V
No load, fSYS=4MHz
¾
0.7
1.5
mA
ISTB
Standby Current
3V
No load, system HALT
¾
¾
1
mA
VIL1
Input Low Voltage for I/O Ports
3V
¾
0
¾
0.3VDD
V
VIH1
Input High Voltage for I/O Ports
3V
¾
0.7VDD
¾
VDD
V
VIL2
Input Low Voltage (RES)
3V
¾
0
¾
0.4VDD
V
VIH2
Input High Voltage (RES)
3V
¾
0.9VDD
¾
VDD
V
IOL
I/O Ports Sink Current
3V
VOL=0.1VDD
1.5
2.5
¾
mA
IOH
PC0/REM Output Source Current
3V
VOH=0.9VDD
-1
-1.5
¾
mA
RPH1
Pull-high Resistance of PA Port,
PB0~PB1 and RES
3V
¾
¾
60
¾
kW
RPH2
Pull-high Resistance of PB2~PB7
3V
¾
¾
60
¾
kW
A.C. Characteristics
Ta=25°C
Test Conditions
Symbol
Parameter
VDD
Conditions
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
kHz
fSYS
System Clock
3V
¾
400
¾
4000
tRES
External Reset Low Pulse Width
¾
¾
1
¾
¾
ms
System Start-up Timer Period
¾
Power-up or wake-up from HALT
¾
1024
¾
tSYS
tSST
Note: tSYS=1/fSYS
Functional Description
Instruction fetching and execution are pipelined in such
a way that a fetch takes one instruction cycle while decoding and execution takes the next instruction cycle.
However, the pipelining scheme causes each instruction to effectively execute within one cycle. If an instruction changes the program counter, two cycles are
required to complete the instruction.
Execution Flow
The HT48RA0A system clock can be derived from a
crystal/ceramic resonator oscillator. It is internally divided into four non-overlapping clocks. One instruction
cycle consists of four system clock cycles.
T 1
S y s te m
T 2
T 3
T 4
T 1
T 2
T 3
T 4
T 1
T 2
T 3
T 4
C lo c k
In s tr u c tio n C y c le
P C
P C
F e tc h IN S T (P C )
E x e c u te IN S T (P C -1 )
P C + 1
F e tc h IN S T (P C + 1 )
E x e c u te IN S T (P C )
P C + 2
F e tc h IN S T (P C + 2 )
E x e c u te IN S T (P C + 1 )
Execution flow
Rev. 1.70
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July 16, 2003
HT48RA0A
Program Counter - PC
data and table and is organized into 1024´14 bits, addressed by the program counter and table pointer.
The 10-bit program counter (PC) controls the sequence
in which the instructions stored in program EPROM are
executed and its contents specify a maximum of 1024
addresses.
Certain locations in the program memory are reserved
for special usage:
· Location 000H
This area is reserved for the initialization program. After chip reset, the program always begins execution at
location 000H.
After accessing a program memory word to fetch an instruction code, the contents of the program counter are
incremented by one. The program counter then points to
the memory word containing the next instruction code.
· Table location
Any location in the EPROM space can be used as
look-up tables. The instructions TABRDC [m] (the current page, one page=256 words) and TABRDL [m]
(the last page) transfer the contents of the lower-order
byte to the specified data memory, and the
When executing a jump instruction, conditional skip execution, loading PCL register, subroutine call, initial reset or return from subroutine, the PC manipulates the
program transfer by loading the address corresponding
to each instruction.
0 0 0 H
D e v ic e in itia liz a tio n p r o g r a m
The conditional skip is activated by instruction. Once the
condition is met, the next instruction, fetched during the
current instruction execution, is discarded and a dummy
cycle replaces it to get the proper instruction. Otherwise
proceed with the next instruction.
n 0 0 H
The lower byte of the program counter (PCL) is a readable and writeable register (06H). Moving data into the
PCL performs a short jump. The destination will be
within 256 locations.
P ro g ra m
E R O M
L o o k - u p ta b le ( 2 5 6 w o r d s )
n F F H
When a control transfer takes place, an additional
dummy cycle is required.
L o o k - u p ta b le ( 2 5 6 w o r d s )
3 F F H
Program Memory - EPROM
1 4 b its
N o te : n ra n g e s fro m
The program memory is used to store the program instructions which are to be executed. It also contains
0 to 3
Program memory
Program Counter
Mode
Initial reset
*9
*8
*7
*6
*5
0
0
0
0
0
Skip
*4
*3
*2
*1
*0
0
0
0
0
0
PC+2
Loading PCL
*9
*8
@7
@6
@5
@4
@3
@2
@1
@0
Jump, call branch
#9
#8
#7
#6
#5
#4
#3
#2
#1
#0
Return from subroutine
S9
S8
S7
S6
S5
S4
S3
S2
S1
S0
*2
*1
*0
Program counter
Note:
*9~*0: Program counter bits
#9~#0: Instruction code bits
S9~S0: Stack register bits
@7~@0: PCL bits
Table Location
Instruction(s)
*9
*8
*7
*6
*5
*4
*3
TABRDC [m]
P9
P8
@7
@6
@5
@4
@3
@2
@1
@0
TABRDL [m]
1
1
@7
@6
@5
@4
@3
@2
@1
@0
Table location
Note:
*9~*0: Table location bits
P9~P8: Current program counter bits
Rev. 1.70
@7~@0: Table pointer bits
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July 16, 2003
HT48RA0A
higher-order byte to TBLH (08H). Only the destination
of the lower-order byte in the table is well-defined, the
other bits of the table word are transferred to the lower
portion of TBLH, the remaining 2 bits are read as ²0².
The Table Higher-order byte register (TBLH) is read
only. The table pointer (TBLP) is a read/write register
(07H), where P indicates the table location. Before accessing the table, the location must be placed in
TBLP. The TBLH is read only and cannot be restored.
All table related instructions need 2 cycles to complete
the operation. These areas may function as normal
program memory depending upon the requirements.
In d ir e c t A d d r e s s in g R e g is te r
0 0 H
M P
0 1 H
0 2 H
0 3 H
0 4 H
A C C
0 5 H
P C L
0 6 H
T B L P
0 7 H
0 8 H
0 9 H
T B L H
0 A H
S T A T U S
S p e c ia l P u r p o s e
D A T A M E M O R Y
0 B H
0 C H
Stack Register - STACK
0 D H
This is a special part of the memory used to save the
contents of the program counter (PC) only. The stack is
organized into one level and is neither part of the data
nor part of the program space, and is neither readable
nor writeable. The activated level is indexed by the stack
pointer (SP) and is neither readable nor writeable. At a
subroutine call the contents of the program counter are
pushed onto the stack. At the end of a subroutine signaled by a return instruction (RET), the program counter
is restored to its previous value from the stack. After a
chip reset, the SP will point to the top of the stack.
0 F H
0 E H
1 0 H
1 1 H
1 3 H
P B
1 4 H
1 5 H
P C
1 6 H
1 7 H
1 8 H
1 9 H
: U n u s e d
1 A H
R e a d a s "0 0 "
1 B H
If the stack is full and a ²CALL² is subsequently executed, stack overflow occurs and the first entry will be
lost (only the most recent return address is stored).
1 C H
1 D
1 E
1 F
2 0
Data Memory - RAM
H
H
H
H
G e n e ra l P u rp o s e
D A T A M E M O R Y
(3 2 B y te s )
The data memory is designed with 42´8 bits. The data
memory is divided into two functional groups: special
function registers and general purpose data memory
(32´8). Most of them are read/write, but some are read
only.
3 F H
RAM mapping
The special function registers include the indirect addressing register (00H), the memory pointer register
(MP;01H), the accumulator (ACC;05H) the program
counter lower-order byte register (PCL;06H), the table
pointer (TBLP;07H), the table higher-order byte register
(TBLH;08H), the status register (STATUS;0AH) and the
I/O registers (PA;12H, PB;14H, PC;16H). The remaining
space before the 20H is reserved for future expanded
usage and reading these locations will return the result
00H. The general purpose data memory, addressed
from 20H to 3FH, is used for data and control information under instruction command.
Indirect Addressing Register
Location 00H is an indirect addressing register that is
not physically implemented. Any read/write operation of
[00H] accesses data memory pointed to by MP (01H).
Reading location 00H itself indirectly will return the result 00H. Writing indirectly results in no operation.
The memory pointer register MP (01H) is a 6-bit register.
The bit 7~6 of MP is undefined and reading will return
the result ²1². Any writing operation to MP will only transfer the lower 6-bit data to MP.
Accumulator
All data memory areas can handle arithmetic, logic, increment, decrement and rotate operations directly. Except for some dedicated bits, each bit in the data
memory can be set and reset by the SET [m].i and CLR
[m].i instructions, respectively. They are also indirectly
accessible through memory pointer register (MP;01H).
Rev. 1.70
P A
1 2 H
The accumulator closely relates to ALU operations. It is
also mapped to location 05H of the data memory and is
capable of carrying out immediate data operations. Data
movement between two data memory locations has to
pass through the accumulator.
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July 16, 2003
HT48RA0A
Arithmetic and Logic Unit - ALU
Oscillator Configuration
This circuit performs 8-bit arithmetic and logic operation.
The ALU provides the following functions.
There are two oscillator circuits in the HT48RA0A.
· Arithmetic operations (ADD, ADC, SUB, SBC, DAA)
O S C 1
O S C 1
· Logic operations (AND, OR, XOR, CPL)
· Rotation (RL, RR, RLC, RRC)
O S C 2
· Increment and Decrement (INC, DEC)
· Branch decision (SZ, SNZ, SIZ, SDZ ....)
C r y s ta l O s c illa to r
The ALU not only saves the results of a data operation but
also changes the contents of the status register.
O S C 2
R C
O s c illa to r
System oscillator
Status Register - STATUS
Both are designed for system clocks; the RC oscillator
and the Crystal oscillator, which are determined by code
options. No matter what oscillator type is selected, the
signal provides the system clock. The HALT mode stops
the system oscillator and ignores the external signal to
conserve power.
This 8-bit status register (0AH) contains the zero flag
(Z), carry flag (C), auxiliary carry flag (AC), overflow flag
(OV), power down flag (PD) and watchdog time-out flag
(TO). It also records the status information and controls
the operation sequence.
If an RC oscillator is used, an external resistor between
OSC1 and VSS in needed and the resistance must
range from 51kW to 1MW. The system clock, divided by
4, is available on OSC2, which can be used to synchronize external logic. The RC oscillator provides the most
cost effective solution. However, the frequency of the
oscillation may vary with VDD, temperature and the chip
itself due to process variations. It is, therefore, not suitable for timing sensitive operations where accurate oscillator frequency is desired.
With the exception of the TO and PD flags, bits in the
status register can be altered by instructions like most
other register. Any data written into the status register
will not change the TO or PD flags. In addition it should
be noted that operations related to the status register
may give different results from those intended. The TO
and PD flags can only be changed by the Watchdog
Timer overflow, chip power-up, clearing the Watchdog
Timer and executing the HALT instruction.
The Z, OV, AC and C flags generally reflect the status of
the latest operations.
If the Crystal oscillator is used, a crystal across OSC1
and OSC2 is needed to provide the feedback and phase
shift for the oscillator. No other external components are
needed. Instead of a crystal, the resonator can also be
connected between OSC1 and OSC2 to get a frequency
reference, but two external capacitors in OSC1 and
OSC2 are required.
In addition, on executing the subroutine call, the status
register will not be automatically pushed onto the stack.
If the contents of the status are important and if the subroutine can corrupt the status register, precautions must
be taken to save it properly.
Labels
fS Y S /4
(N M O S o p e n
d r a in o u tp u t)
Bits
Function
C
0
C is set if the operation results in a carry during an addition operation or if a borrow does not
take place during a subtraction operation; otherwise C is cleared. C is also affected by a rotate
through carry instruction.
AC
1
AC is set if the operation results in a carry out of the low nibbles in addition or no borrow from
the high nibble into the low nibble in subtraction; otherwise AC is cleared.
Z
2
Z is set if the result of an arithmetic or logic operation is zero; otherwise Z is cleared.
OV
3
OV is set if the operation results in a carry into the highest-order bit but not a carry out of the
highest-order bit, or vice versa; otherwise OV is cleared.
PD
4
PD is cleared when either a system power-up or executing the CLR WDT instruction. PD is set
by executing the HALT instruction.
TO
5
TO is cleared by a system power-up or executing the CLR WDT or HALT instruction. TO is set
by a WDT time-out.
¾
6~7
Unused bit, read as ²0²
Status register
Rev. 1.70
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July 16, 2003
HT48RA0A
Watchdog Timer - WDT
Power Down Operation - HALT
The clock source of the WDT is implemented by instruction clock (system clock divided by 4). The clock source
is processed by a frequency divider and a prescaller to
yield various time out periods.
The HALT mode is initialized by the HALT instruction
and results in the following...
· The system oscillator turns off and the WDT stops.
· The contents of the on-chip RAM and registers remain
Clock Source
WDT time out period =
2n
· WDT prescaler are cleared.
Where n= 8~11 selected by code option.
· All I/O ports maintain their original status.
unchanged.
· The PD flag is set and the TO flag is cleared.
This timer is designed to prevent a software malfunction
or sequence jumping to an unknown location with unpredictable results. The Watchdog Timer can be disabled by code option. If the Watchdog Timer is disabled,
all the executions related to the WDT result in no operation and the WDT will lose its protection purpose. In this
situation the logic can only be restarted by an external
logic.
The system can quit the HALT mode by means of an external reset or an external falling edge signal on port B.
An external reset causes a device initialization. Examining the TO and PD flags, the reason for chip reset can
be determined. The PD flag is cleared when the system
powers up or execute the CLR WDT instruction and is
set when the HALT instruction is executed. The TO flag
is set if the WDT time-out occurs, and causes a wake-up
that only resets the PC (Program Counter) and SP, the
others keep their original status.
A WDT overflow under normal operation will initialize ²chip
reset² and set the status bit ²TO². To clear the contents of
the WDT prescaler, three methods are adopted; external
reset (a low level to RES), software instructions, or a HALT
instruction. There are two types of software instructions.
One type is the single instruction ²CLR WDT², the other
type comprises two instructions, ²CLR WDT1² and ²CLR
WDT2². Of these two types of instructions, only one can
be active depending on the code option - ²CLR WDT
times selection option². If the ²CLR WDT² is selected (i.e..
CLR WDT times equal one), any execution of the CLR
WDT instruction will clear the WDT. In case ²CLR WDT1²
and ²CLR WDT2² are chosen (i.e.. CLR WDT times equal
two), these two instructions must be executed to clear the
WDT; otherwise, the WDT may reset the chip due to a
time-out.
The port B wake-up can be considered as a continuation
of normal execution. Each bit in port B can be independently selected to wake up the device by the code option.
Awakening from an I/O port stimulus, the program will
resume execution of the next instruction.
Once a wake-up event(s) occurs, it takes 1024 tSYS
(system clock period) to resume normal operation. In
other words, a dummy cycle period will be inserted after
the wake-up.
To minimize power consumption, all I/O pins should be
carefully managed before entering the HALT status.
C le a r W D T
F r e q u e n c y D iv id e r
C lo c k S o u r c e
( S y s te m C lo c k /4 )
3 - b it C o u n te r
P r e s c a lle r
( 8 - b it)
C o d e O p tio n
S e le c t
C o d e
O p tio n
W D T
T im e - o u t
C lo c k S o u r c e
2 n
(n = 8 ~ 1 1 )
Watchdog Timer
Rev. 1.70
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July 16, 2003
HT48RA0A
Reset
V D D
There are three ways in which a reset can occur:
R E S
· RES reset during normal operation
tS
S S T T im e - o u t
· RES reset during HALT
· WDT time-out reset during normal operation
C h ip
R e s e t
Some registers remain unchanged during reset conditions. Most registers are reset to the ²initial condition²
when the reset conditions are met. By examining the PD
and TO flags, the program can distinguish between different ²chip resets².
TO
PD
0
0
RES reset during power-up
u
u
RES reset during normal operation
0
1
RES wake-up HALT
1
u
WDT time-out during normal operation
Reset timing chart
V
D D
R E S
RESET Conditions
Reset circuit
H A L T
Note: ²u² means unchanged.
W D T
To guarantee that the system oscillator has started and
stabilized, the SST (System Start-up Timer) provides an
extra-delay of 1024 system clock pulses when the system powers up or when the system awakes from a HALT
state.
W D T
T im e - o u t
R e s e t
R e s e t
R E S
S S T
1 0 -s ta g e
R ip p le C o u n te r
O S C 1
When a system power up occurs, an SST delay is added
during the reset period. But when the reset comes from
the RES pin, the SST delay is disabled. Any wake-up
from HALT will enable the SST delay.
P o w e r - o n D e te c tio n
Reset configuration
The functional unit chip reset status is shown below.
PC
S T
000H
WDT Prescaler
Clear
Input/Output ports
Input mode
SP
Points to the top of the stack
Carrier output
Low level
The chip reset status of the registers is summarized in the following table:
Register
Reset
(Power On)
PC (Program Counter)
WDT Time-out
(Normal Operation)
RES Reset
(Normal Operation)
RES Reset
(HALT)
000H
000H
000H
000H
MP
-xxx xxxx
-uuu uuuu
-uuu uuuu
-uuu uuuu
ACC
xxxx xxxx
uuuu uuuu
uuuu uuuu
uuuu uuuu
TBLP
xxxx xxxx
uuuu uuuu
uuuu uuuu
uuuu uuuu
TBLH
--xx xxxx
--uu uuuu
--uu uuuu
--uu uuuu
STATUS
--00 xxxx
--1u uuuu
--uu uuuu
--01 uuuu
PA
1111 1111
1111 1111
1111 1111
1111 1111
PB
1111 1111
1111 1111
1111 1111
1111 1111
PC
---- ---1
---- ---1
---- ---1
---- ---1
Note:
²u² means unchanged
²x² means unknown
Rev. 1.70
8
July 16, 2003
HT48RA0A
Carrier
Input/Output Ports
The HT48RA0A provides a carrier output which shares
the pin with PC0. It can be selected to be a carrier output
(REM) or level output pin (PC0) by code option. If the
carrier output option is selected, setting PC0=²0² to enable carrier output and setting PC0=²1² to disable it at
low level output.
There are an 8-bit bidirectional input/output port, a 6-bit
input with 2-bit I/O port and one-bit output port in the
HT48RA0A, labeled PA, PB and PC which are mapped to
[12H], [14H], [16H] of the RAM, respectively. Each bit of
PA can be selected as NMOS output or Schmitt trigger
with pull-high resistor by software instruction. PB0~PB1
have the same structure with PA, while PB2~PB7 can
only be used for input operation (Schmitt trigger with
pull-high resistors). PC is only one-bit output port shares
the pin with carrier output. If the level option is selected,
the PC is CMOS output.
The clock source of the carrier is implemented by instruction clock (system clock divided by 4) and processed by a frequency divider to yield various carry
frequency.
Carry Frequency=
Clock Source
m´ 2n
Both PA and PB for the input operation, these ports are
non-latched, that is, the inputs should be ready at the T2
rising edge of the instruction ²MOV A, [m]² (m=12H or
14H). For PA, PB0~PB1 and PC output operation, all
data are latched and remain unchanged until the output
latch is rewritten.
where m=2 or 3 and n=0~3, both are selected by code
option. If m=2, the duty cycle of the carrier output is 1/2
duty. If m=3, the duty cycle of the carrier output can be
1/2 duty or 1/3 duty also determined by code option (with
the exception of n=0).
When the PA and PB0~PB1 is used for input operation,
it should be noted that before reading data from pads, a
²1² should be written to the related bits to disable the
NMOS device. That is, the instruction ²SET [m].i² (i=0~7
for PA, i=0~1 for PB) is executed first to disable related
NMOS device, and then ²MOV A, [m]² to get stable data.
Detailed selection of the carrier duty is shown below:
m´2n
Duty Cycle
2, 4, 8, 16
1/2
3
1/3
6, 12, 24
1/2 or 1/3
After chip reset, PA and PB remain at a high level input
line while PC remain at high level output, if the level option is selected.
The following table shows examples of carrier frequency selection.
fSYS
fCARRIER
Duty
m´2n
37.92kHz
1/3 only
3
56.9kHz
1/2 only
2
Each bit of PA, PB0~PB1 and PC output latches can be
set or cleared by the ²SET [m].i² and ²CLR [m].i²
(m=12H, 14H or 16H) instructions respectively.
455kHz
Some instructions first input data and then follow the
output operations. For example, ²SET [m].i², ²CLR [m]²,
²CPL [m]², ²CPLA [m]² read the entire port states into
the CPU, execute the defined operations (bit-operation),
and then write the results back to the latches or to the
accumulator.
Each line of PB has a wake-up capability to the device
by code option. The highest seven bits of PC are not
physically implemented, on reading them a ²0² is returned and writing results in a no-operation.
F r e q u e n c y D iv id e r
C lo c k S o u r c e
( S y s te m C lo c k /4 )
V
3 - b it C o u n te r
D D
1 /2 o r 1 /3 d u ty
1 /2
C o d e O p tio n
1 /3
C a r r ie r D u ty
S e le c t
L e v e l
C o d e O p tio n
( c a r r ie r o r le v e l)
C a r r ie r
R E M /P C 0
C a r r ie r
L e v e l
R e a d p a th fo r r e a d - m o d ify - w r ite
P C 0 D a ta R e g is te r
Carrier/Level output
Rev. 1.70
9
July 16, 2003
HT48RA0A
V
D D
P u ll- u p
R e a d D a ta
D a ta b u s
S y s te m
P B 2 ~ P B 7
W a k e -u p
C o d e O p tio n
PB input lines
V
D a ta b u s
W r ite
D
W e a k
P u ll- u p
Q
C K
S
D D
P A 0 ~ P A 7
P B 0 ~ P B 1
Q
C h ip R e s e t
R e a d D a ta
S y s te m
W a k e -u p
C o d e O p tio n
P B 0 ~ P B 1 o n ly
PA, PB Input/output lines
Code Option
The following table shows eight kinds of code option in the HT48RA0A. All the code options must be defined to ensure
proper system functioning.
No.
Code Option
1
WDT time-out period selection
Clock Source
where n=8~11.
Time-out period=
2n
2
WDT enable/disable selection. This option is to decide whether the WDT timer is enabled or disabled.
3
CLR WDT times selection. This option defines how to clear the WDT by instruction. ²One time² means that the
CLR WDT instruction can clear the WDT. ²Two times² means only if both of the CLR WDT1 and CLR WDT2 instructions have been executed, the WDT can be cleared.
4
Wake-up selection. This option defines the wake-up activity function. External input pins (PB only) all have the
capability to wake-up the chip from a HALT.
5
Carrier/level output selection. This option defines the activity of PC0 to be carrier output or level output.
6
Carry frequency selection.
Clock Source
Carry frequency=
where n=0~3.
(2 or 3)´ 2n
Carrier duty selection. There are two types of selection: 1/2 duty or 1/3 duty.
7
If carrier frequency=Clock Source /(2, 4, 8 or 16), the duty cycle will be 1/2 duty.
If carrier frequency=Clock Source /3, the duty cycle will be 1/3 duty.
If carrier frequency=Clock Source /(6, 12 or 24), the duty cycle can be 1/2 duty or 1/3 duty.
8
OSC type selection. This option is to decide if an RC or Crystal oscillator is chosen as system clock. If the Crystal oscillator is selected, the XST (Crystal Start-up Timer) default is activated, otherwise the XST is disabled.
Rev. 1.70
10
July 16, 2003
HT48RA0A
Application Circuits
V
D D
P B 1
P B 2
P B 0
P B 3
P A 3
P B 4
P A 2
P B 5
P A 1
P A 0
P B 6
0 6 " & 4 ) )
P B 7
P C 0 /R E M
C *
R *
P A 7
O S C 1
X 't a l
(s e e N o te )
C *
Note:
P A 6
O S C 2
P A 5
R E S
P A 4
It is recommended that a 100mF decoupling capacitor is placed between VSS and VDD.
The resistance and capacitance for reset circuit should be designed to ensure that the VDD is stable and remains in a valid range of the operating voltage before bringing RES to high.
The following table shows the R* and C* value according different crystal values.
Crystal or Resonator
Rev. 1.70
C*
R*
4MHz Crystal
0pF
10kW
4MHz Resonator (3 pin)
0pF
12kW
4MHz Resonator (2 pin)
10pF
12kW
3.58MHz Crystal
0pF
10kW
3.58MHz Resonator (2 pin)
25pF
10kW
2MHz Crystal & Resonator (2 pin)
25pF
10kW
1MHz Crystal
35pF
27kW
429kHz Resonator
300pF
10kW
455kHz Resonator
300pF
10kW
480kHz Resonator
300pF
9.1kW
11
July 16, 2003
HT48RA0A
Instruction Set Summary
Description
Instruction
Cycle
Flag
Affected
Add data memory to ACC
Add ACC to data memory
Add immediate data to ACC
Add data memory to ACC with carry
Add ACC to data memory with carry
Subtract immediate data from ACC
Subtract data memory from ACC
Subtract data memory from ACC with result in data memory
Subtract data memory from ACC with carry
Subtract data memory from ACC with carry and result in data memory
Decimal adjust ACC for addition with result in data memory
1
1(1)
1
1
1(1)
1
1
1(1)
1
1(1)
1(1)
Z,C,AC,OV
Z,C,AC,OV
Z,C,AC,OV
Z,C,AC,OV
Z,C,AC,OV
Z,C,AC,OV
Z,C,AC,OV
Z,C,AC,OV
Z,C,AC,OV
Z,C,AC,OV
C
1
1
1
1(1)
1(1)
1(1)
1
1
1
1(1)
1
Z
Z
Z
Z
Z
Z
Z
Z
Z
Z
Z
Increment data memory with result in ACC
Increment data memory
Decrement data memory with result in ACC
Decrement data memory
1
1(1)
1
1(1)
Z
Z
Z
Z
Rotate data memory right with result in ACC
Rotate data memory right
Rotate data memory right through carry with result in ACC
Rotate data memory right through carry
Rotate data memory left with result in ACC
Rotate data memory left
Rotate data memory left through carry with result in ACC
Rotate data memory left through carry
1
1(1)
1
1(1)
1
1(1)
1
1(1)
None
None
C
C
None
None
C
C
Move data memory to ACC
Move ACC to data memory
Move immediate data to ACC
1
1(1)
1
None
None
None
Clear bit of data memory
Set bit of data memory
1(1)
1(1)
None
None
Mnemonic
Arithmetic
ADD A,[m]
ADDM A,[m]
ADD A,x
ADC A,[m]
ADCM A,[m]
SUB A,x
SUB A,[m]
SUBM A,[m]
SBC A,[m]
SBCM A,[m]
DAA [m]
Logic Operation
AND A,[m]
OR A,[m]
XOR A,[m]
ANDM A,[m]
ORM A,[m]
XORM A,[m]
AND A,x
OR A,x
XOR A,x
CPL [m]
CPLA [m]
AND data memory to ACC
OR data memory to ACC
Exclusive-OR data memory to ACC
AND ACC to data memory
OR ACC to data memory
Exclusive-OR ACC to data memory
AND immediate data to ACC
OR immediate data to ACC
Exclusive-OR immediate data to ACC
Complement data memory
Complement data memory with result in ACC
Increment & Decrement
INCA [m]
INC [m]
DECA [m]
DEC [m]
Rotate
RRA [m]
RR [m]
RRCA [m]
RRC [m]
RLA [m]
RL [m]
RLCA [m]
RLC [m]
Data Move
MOV A,[m]
MOV [m],A
MOV A,x
Bit Operation
CLR [m].i
SET [m].i
Rev. 1.70
12
July 16, 2003
HT48RA0A
Instruction
Cycle
Flag
Affected
Jump unconditionally
Skip if data memory is zero
Skip if data memory is zero with data movement to ACC
Skip if bit i of data memory is zero
Skip if bit i of data memory is not zero
Skip if increment data memory is zero
Skip if decrement data memory is zero
Skip if increment data memory is zero with result in ACC
Skip if decrement data memory is zero with result in ACC
Subroutine call
Return from subroutine
Return from subroutine and load immediate data to ACC
2
1(2)
1(2)
1(2)
1(2)
1(3)
1(3)
1(2)
1(2)
2
2
2
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
Read ROM code (current page) to data memory and TBLH
Read ROM code (last page) to data memory and TBLH
2(1)
2(1)
None
None
No operation
Clear data memory
Set data memory
Clear Watchdog Timer
Pre-clear Watchdog Timer
Pre-clear Watchdog Timer
Swap nibbles of data memory
Swap nibbles of data memory with result in ACC
Enter power down mode
1
1(1)
1(1)
1
1
1
1(1)
1
1
None
None
None
TO,PD
TO(4),PD(4)
TO(4),PD(4)
None
None
TO,PD
Mnemonic
Description
Branch
JMP addr
SZ [m]
SZA [m]
SZ [m].i
SNZ [m].i
SIZ [m]
SDZ [m]
SIZA [m]
SDZA [m]
CALL addr
RET
RET A,x
Table Read
TABRDC [m]
TABRDL [m]
Miscellaneous
NOP
CLR [m]
SET [m]
CLR WDT
CLR WDT1
CLR WDT2
SWAP [m]
SWAPA [m]
HALT
Note:
x: Immediate data
m: Data memory address
A: Accumulator
i: 0~7 number of bits
addr: Program memory address
Ö: Flag is affected
-: Flag is not affected
(1)
: If a loading to the PCL register occurs, the execution cycle of instructions will be delayed for one more cycle
(four system clocks).
(2)
: If a skipping to the next instruction occurs, the execution cycle of instructions will be delayed for one more
cycle (four system clocks). Otherwise the original instruction cycle is unchanged.
(3) (1)
:
(4)
Rev. 1.70
and (2)
: The flags may be affected by the execution status. If the Watchdog Timer is cleared by executing the
CLR WDT1 or CLR WDT2 instruction, the TO and PD are cleared.
Otherwise the TO and PD flags remain unchanged.
13
July 16, 2003
HT48RA0A
Instruction Definition
ADC A,[m]
Add data memory and carry to the accumulator
Description
The contents of the specified data memory, accumulator and the carry flag are added simultaneously, leaving the result in the accumulator.
Operation
ACC ¬ ACC+[m]+C
Affected flag(s)
TC2
TC1
TO
PD
OV
Z
AC
C
¾
¾
¾
¾
Ö
Ö
Ö
Ö
ADCM A,[m]
Add the accumulator and carry to data memory
Description
The contents of the specified data memory, accumulator and the carry flag are added simultaneously, leaving the result in the specified data memory.
Operation
[m] ¬ ACC+[m]+C
Affected flag(s)
TC2
TC1
TO
PD
OV
Z
AC
C
¾
¾
¾
¾
Ö
Ö
Ö
Ö
ADD A,[m]
Add data memory to the accumulator
Description
The contents of the specified data memory and the accumulator are added. The result is
stored in the accumulator.
Operation
ACC ¬ ACC+[m]
Affected flag(s)
TC2
TC1
TO
PD
OV
Z
AC
C
¾
¾
¾
¾
Ö
Ö
Ö
Ö
ADD A,x
Add immediate data to the accumulator
Description
The contents of the accumulator and the specified data are added, leaving the result in the
accumulator.
Operation
ACC ¬ ACC+x
Affected flag(s)
TC2
TC1
TO
PD
OV
Z
AC
C
¾
¾
¾
¾
Ö
Ö
Ö
Ö
ADDM A,[m]
Add the accumulator to the data memory
Description
The contents of the specified data memory and the accumulator are added. The result is
stored in the data memory.
Operation
[m] ¬ ACC+[m]
Affected flag(s)
Rev. 1.70
TC2
TC1
TO
PD
OV
Z
AC
C
¾
¾
¾
¾
Ö
Ö
Ö
Ö
14
July 16, 2003
HT48RA0A
AND A,[m]
Logical AND accumulator with data memory
Description
Data in the accumulator and the specified data memory perform a bitwise logical_AND operation. The result is stored in the accumulator.
Operation
ACC ¬ ACC ²AND² [m]
Affected flag(s)
TC2
TC1
TO
PD
OV
Z
AC
C
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
Ö
¾
¾
AND A,x
Logical AND immediate data to the accumulator
Description
Data in the accumulator and the specified data perform a bitwise logical_AND operation.
The result is stored in the accumulator.
Operation
ACC ¬ ACC ²AND² x
Affected flag(s)
TC2
TC1
TO
PD
OV
Z
AC
C
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
Ö
¾
¾
ANDM A,[m]
Logical AND data memory with the accumulator
Description
Data in the specified data memory and the accumulator perform a bitwise logical_AND operation. The result is stored in the data memory.
Operation
[m] ¬ ACC ²AND² [m]
Affected flag(s)
TC2
TC1
TO
PD
OV
Z
AC
C
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
Ö
¾
¾
CALL addr
Subroutine call
Description
The instruction unconditionally calls a subroutine located at the indicated address. The
program counter increments once to obtain the address of the next instruction, and pushes
this onto the stack. The indicated address is then loaded. Program execution continues
with the instruction at this address.
Operation
Stack ¬ PC+1
PC ¬ addr
Affected flag(s)
TC2
TC1
TO
PD
OV
Z
AC
C
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
CLR [m]
Clear data memory
Description
The contents of the specified data memory are cleared to 0.
Operation
[m] ¬ 00H
Affected flag(s)
Rev. 1.70
TC2
TC1
TO
PD
OV
Z
AC
C
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
15
July 16, 2003
HT48RA0A
CLR [m].i
Clear bit of data memory
Description
The bit i of the specified data memory is cleared to 0.
Operation
[m].i ¬ 0
Affected flag(s)
TC2
TC1
TO
PD
OV
Z
AC
C
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
CLR WDT
Clear Watchdog Timer
Description
The WDT is cleared (clears the WDT). The power down bit (PD) and time-out bit (TO) are
cleared.
Operation
WDT ¬ 00H
PD and TO ¬ 0
Affected flag(s)
TC2
TC1
TO
PD
OV
Z
AC
C
¾
¾
0
0
¾
¾
¾
¾
CLR WDT1
Preclear Watchdog Timer
Description
Together with CLR WDT2, clears the WDT. PD and TO are also cleared. Only execution of
this instruction without the other preclear instruction just sets the indicated flag which implies this instruction has been executed and the TO and PD flags remain unchanged.
Operation
WDT ¬ 00H*
PD and TO ¬ 0*
Affected flag(s)
TC2
TC1
TO
PD
OV
Z
AC
C
¾
¾
0*
0*
¾
¾
¾
¾
CLR WDT2
Preclear Watchdog Timer
Description
Together with CLR WDT1, clears the WDT. PD and TO are also cleared. Only execution of
this instruction without the other preclear instruction, sets the indicated flag which implies
this instruction has been executed and the TO and PD flags remain unchanged.
Operation
WDT ¬ 00H*
PD and TO ¬ 0*
Affected flag(s)
TC2
TC1
TO
PD
OV
Z
AC
C
¾
¾
0*
0*
¾
¾
¾
¾
CPL [m]
Complement data memory
Description
Each bit of the specified data memory is logically complemented (1¢s complement). Bits
which previously contained a 1 are changed to 0 and vice-versa.
Operation
[m] ¬ [m]
Affected flag(s)
Rev. 1.70
TC2
TC1
TO
PD
OV
Z
AC
C
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
Ö
¾
¾
16
July 16, 2003
HT48RA0A
CPLA [m]
Complement data memory and place result in the accumulator
Description
Each bit of the specified data memory is logically complemented (1¢s complement). Bits
which previously contained a 1 are changed to 0 and vice-versa. The complemented result
is stored in the accumulator and the contents of the data memory remain unchanged.
Operation
ACC ¬ [m]
Affected flag(s)
TC2
TC1
TO
PD
OV
Z
AC
C
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
Ö
¾
¾
DAA [m]
Decimal-Adjust accumulator for addition
Description
The accumulator value is adjusted to the BCD (Binary Coded Decimal) code. The accumulator is divided into two nibbles. Each nibble is adjusted to the BCD code and an internal
carry (AC1) will be done if the low nibble of the accumulator is greater than 9. The BCD adjustment is done by adding 6 to the original value if the original value is greater than 9 or a
carry (AC or C) is set; otherwise the original value remains unchanged. The result is stored
in the data memory and only the carry flag (C) may be affected.
Operation
If ACC.3~ACC.0 >9 or AC=1
then [m].3~[m].0 ¬ (ACC.3~ACC.0)+6, AC1=AC
else [m].3~[m].0 ¬ (ACC.3~ACC.0), AC1=0
and
If ACC.7~ACC.4+AC1 >9 or C=1
then [m].7~[m].4 ¬ ACC.7~ACC.4+6+AC1,C=1
else [m].7~[m].4 ¬ ACC.7~ACC.4+AC1,C=C
Affected flag(s)
TC2
TC1
TO
PD
OV
Z
AC
C
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
Ö
DEC [m]
Decrement data memory
Description
Data in the specified data memory is decremented by 1.
Operation
[m] ¬ [m]-1
Affected flag(s)
TC2
TC1
TO
PD
OV
Z
AC
C
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
Ö
¾
¾
DECA [m]
Decrement data memory and place result in the accumulator
Description
Data in the specified data memory is decremented by 1, leaving the result in the accumulator. The contents of the data memory remain unchanged.
Operation
ACC ¬ [m]-1
Affected flag(s)
Rev. 1.70
TC2
TC1
TO
PD
OV
Z
AC
C
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
Ö
¾
¾
17
July 16, 2003
HT48RA0A
HALT
Enter power down mode
Description
This instruction stops program execution and turns off the system clock. The contents of
the RAM and registers are retained. The WDT and prescaler are cleared. The power down
bit (PD) is set and the WDT time-out bit (TO) is cleared.
Operation
PC ¬ PC+1
PD ¬ 1
TO ¬ 0
Affected flag(s)
TC2
TC1
TO
PD
OV
Z
AC
C
¾
¾
0
1
¾
¾
¾
¾
INC [m]
Increment data memory
Description
Data in the specified data memory is incremented by 1
Operation
[m] ¬ [m]+1
Affected flag(s)
TC2
TC1
TO
PD
OV
Z
AC
C
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
Ö
¾
¾
INCA [m]
Increment data memory and place result in the accumulator
Description
Data in the specified data memory is incremented by 1, leaving the result in the accumulator. The contents of the data memory remain unchanged.
Operation
ACC ¬ [m]+1
Affected flag(s)
TC2
TC1
TO
PD
OV
Z
AC
C
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
Ö
¾
¾
JMP addr
Directly jump
Description
The program counter are replaced with the directly-specified address unconditionally, and
control is passed to this destination.
Operation
PC ¬addr
Affected flag(s)
TC2
TC1
TO
PD
OV
Z
AC
C
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
MOV A,[m]
Move data memory to the accumulator
Description
The contents of the specified data memory are copied to the accumulator.
Operation
ACC ¬ [m]
Affected flag(s)
Rev. 1.70
TC2
TC1
TO
PD
OV
Z
AC
C
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
18
July 16, 2003
HT48RA0A
MOV A,x
Move immediate data to the accumulator
Description
The 8-bit data specified by the code is loaded into the accumulator.
Operation
ACC ¬ x
Affected flag(s)
TC2
TC1
TO
PD
OV
Z
AC
C
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
MOV [m],A
Move the accumulator to data memory
Description
The contents of the accumulator are copied to the specified data memory (one of the data
memories).
Operation
[m] ¬ACC
Affected flag(s)
TC2
TC1
TO
PD
OV
Z
AC
C
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
NOP
No operation
Description
No operation is performed. Execution continues with the next instruction.
Operation
PC ¬ PC+1
Affected flag(s)
TC2
TC1
TO
PD
OV
Z
AC
C
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
OR A,[m]
Logical OR accumulator with data memory
Description
Data in the accumulator and the specified data memory (one of the data memories) perform a bitwise logical_OR operation. The result is stored in the accumulator.
Operation
ACC ¬ ACC ²OR² [m]
Affected flag(s)
TC2
TC1
TO
PD
OV
Z
AC
C
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
Ö
¾
¾
OR A,x
Logical OR immediate data to the accumulator
Description
Data in the accumulator and the specified data perform a bitwise logical_OR operation.
The result is stored in the accumulator.
Operation
ACC ¬ ACC ²OR² x
Affected flag(s)
TC2
TC1
TO
PD
OV
Z
AC
C
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
Ö
¾
¾
ORM A,[m]
Logical OR data memory with the accumulator
Description
Data in the data memory (one of the data memories) and the accumulator perform a
bitwise logical_OR operation. The result is stored in the data memory.
Operation
[m] ¬ACC ²OR² [m]
Affected flag(s)
Rev. 1.70
TC2
TC1
TO
PD
OV
Z
AC
C
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
Ö
¾
¾
19
July 16, 2003
HT48RA0A
RET
Return from subroutine
Description
The program counter is restored from the stack. This is a 2-cycle instruction.
Operation
PC ¬ Stack
Affected flag(s)
TC2
TC1
TO
PD
OV
Z
AC
C
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
RET A,x
Return and place immediate data in the accumulator
Description
The program counter is restored from the stack and the accumulator loaded with the specified 8-bit immediate data.
Operation
PC ¬ Stack
ACC ¬ x
Affected flag(s)
TC2
TC1
TO
PD
OV
Z
AC
C
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
RL [m]
Rotate data memory left
Description
The contents of the specified data memory are rotated 1 bit left with bit 7 rotated into bit 0.
Operation
[m].(i+1) ¬ [m].i; [m].i:bit i of the data memory (i=0~6)
[m].0 ¬ [m].7
Affected flag(s)
TC2
TC1
TO
PD
OV
Z
AC
C
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
RLA [m]
Rotate data memory left and place result in the accumulator
Description
Data in the specified data memory is rotated 1 bit left with bit 7 rotated into bit 0, leaving the
rotated result in the accumulator. The contents of the data memory remain unchanged.
Operation
ACC.(i+1) ¬ [m].i; [m].i:bit i of the data memory (i=0~6)
ACC.0 ¬ [m].7
Affected flag(s)
TC2
TC1
TO
PD
OV
Z
AC
C
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
RLC [m]
Rotate data memory left through carry
Description
The contents of the specified data memory and the carry flag are rotated 1 bit left. Bit 7 replaces the carry bit; the original carry flag is rotated into the bit 0 position.
Operation
[m].(i+1) ¬ [m].i; [m].i:bit i of the data memory (i=0~6)
[m].0 ¬ C
C ¬ [m].7
Affected flag(s)
Rev. 1.70
TC2
TC1
TO
PD
OV
Z
AC
C
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
Ö
20
July 16, 2003
HT48RA0A
RLCA [m]
Rotate left through carry and place result in the accumulator
Description
Data in the specified data memory and the carry flag are rotated 1 bit left. Bit 7 replaces the
carry bit and the original carry flag is rotated into bit 0 position. The rotated result is stored
in the accumulator but the contents of the data memory remain unchanged.
Operation
ACC.(i+1) ¬ [m].i; [m].i:bit i of the data memory (i=0~6)
ACC.0 ¬ C
C ¬ [m].7
Affected flag(s)
TC2
TC1
TO
PD
OV
Z
AC
C
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
Ö
RR [m]
Rotate data memory right
Description
The contents of the specified data memory are rotated 1 bit right with bit 0 rotated to bit 7.
Operation
[m].i ¬ [m].(i+1); [m].i:bit i of the data memory (i=0~6)
[m].7 ¬ [m].0
Affected flag(s)
TC2
TC1
TO
PD
OV
Z
AC
C
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
RRA [m]
Rotate right and place result in the accumulator
Description
Data in the specified data memory is rotated 1 bit right with bit 0 rotated into bit 7, leaving
the rotated result in the accumulator. The contents of the data memory remain unchanged.
Operation
ACC.(i) ¬ [m].(i+1); [m].i:bit i of the data memory (i=0~6)
ACC.7 ¬ [m].0
Affected flag(s)
TC2
TC1
TO
PD
OV
Z
AC
C
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
RRC [m]
Rotate data memory right through carry
Description
The contents of the specified data memory and the carry flag are together rotated 1 bit
right. Bit 0 replaces the carry bit; the original carry flag is rotated into the bit 7 position.
Operation
[m].i ¬ [m].(i+1); [m].i:bit i of the data memory (i=0~6)
[m].7 ¬ C
C ¬ [m].0
Affected flag(s)
Rev. 1.70
TC2
TC1
TO
PD
OV
Z
AC
C
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
Ö
21
July 16, 2003
HT48RA0A
RRCA [m]
Rotate right through carry and place result in the accumulator
Description
Data of the specified data memory and the carry flag are rotated 1 bit right. Bit 0 replaces
the carry bit and the original carry flag is rotated into the bit 7 position. The rotated result is
stored in the accumulator. The contents of the data memory remain unchanged.
Operation
ACC.i ¬ [m].(i+1); [m].i:bit i of the data memory (i=0~6)
ACC.7 ¬ C
C ¬ [m].0
Affected flag(s)
TC2
TC1
TO
PD
OV
Z
AC
C
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
Ö
SBC A,[m]
Subtract data memory and carry from the accumulator
Description
The contents of the specified data memory and the complement of the carry flag are subtracted from the accumulator, leaving the result in the accumulator.
Operation
ACC ¬ ACC+[m]+C
Affected flag(s)
TC2
TC1
TO
PD
OV
Z
AC
C
¾
¾
¾
¾
Ö
Ö
Ö
Ö
SBCM A,[m]
Subtract data memory and carry from the accumulator
Description
The contents of the specified data memory and the complement of the carry flag are subtracted from the accumulator, leaving the result in the data memory.
Operation
[m] ¬ ACC+[m]+C
Affected flag(s)
TC2
TC1
TO
PD
OV
Z
AC
C
¾
¾
¾
¾
Ö
Ö
Ö
Ö
SDZ [m]
Skip if decrement data memory is 0
Description
The contents of the specified data memory are decremented by 1. If the result is 0, the next
instruction is skipped. If the result is 0, the following instruction, fetched during the current
instruction execution, is discarded and a dummy cycle is replaced to get the proper instruction (2 cycles). Otherwise proceed with the next instruction (1 cycle).
Operation
Skip if ([m]-1)=0, [m] ¬ ([m]-1)
Affected flag(s)
TC2
TC1
TO
PD
OV
Z
AC
C
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
SDZA [m]
Decrement data memory and place result in ACC, skip if 0
Description
The contents of the specified data memory are decremented by 1. If the result is 0, the next
instruction is skipped. The result is stored in the accumulator but the data memory remains
unchanged. If the result is 0, the following instruction, fetched during the current instruction
execution, is discarded and a dummy cycle is replaced to get the proper instruction (2 cycles). Otherwise proceed with the next instruction (1 cycle).
Operation
Skip if ([m]-1)=0, ACC ¬ ([m]-1)
Affected flag(s)
Rev. 1.70
TC2
TC1
TO
PD
OV
Z
AC
C
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
22
July 16, 2003
HT48RA0A
SET [m]
Set data memory
Description
Each bit of the specified data memory is set to 1.
Operation
[m] ¬ FFH
Affected flag(s)
TC2
TC1
TO
PD
OV
Z
AC
C
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
SET [m]. i
Set bit of data memory
Description
Bit i of the specified data memory is set to 1.
Operation
[m].i ¬ 1
Affected flag(s)
TC2
TC1
TO
PD
OV
Z
AC
C
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
SIZ [m]
Skip if increment data memory is 0
Description
The contents of the specified data memory are incremented by 1. If the result is 0, the following instruction, fetched during the current instruction execution, is discarded and a
dummy cycle is replaced to get the proper instruction (2 cycles). Otherwise proceed with
the next instruction (1 cycle).
Operation
Skip if ([m]+1)=0, [m] ¬ ([m]+1)
Affected flag(s)
TC2
TC1
TO
PD
OV
Z
AC
C
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
SIZA [m]
Increment data memory and place result in ACC, skip if 0
Description
The contents of the specified data memory are incremented by 1. If the result is 0, the next
instruction is skipped and the result is stored in the accumulator. The data memory remains unchanged. If the result is 0, the following instruction, fetched during the current instruction execution, is discarded and a dummy cycle is replaced to get the proper
instruction (2 cycles). Otherwise proceed with the next instruction (1 cycle).
Operation
Skip if ([m]+1)=0, ACC ¬ ([m]+1)
Affected flag(s)
TC2
TC1
TO
PD
OV
Z
AC
C
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
SNZ [m].i
Skip if bit i of the data memory is not 0
Description
If bit i of the specified data memory is not 0, the next instruction is skipped. If bit i of the data
memory is not 0, the following instruction, fetched during the current instruction execution,
is discarded and a dummy cycle is replaced to get the proper instruction (2 cycles). Otherwise proceed with the next instruction (1 cycle).
Operation
Skip if [m].i¹0
Affected flag(s)
Rev. 1.70
TC2
TC1
TO
PD
OV
Z
AC
C
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
23
July 16, 2003
HT48RA0A
SUB A,[m]
Subtract data memory from the accumulator
Description
The specified data memory is subtracted from the contents of the accumulator, leaving the
result in the accumulator.
Operation
ACC ¬ ACC+[m]+1
Affected flag(s)
TC2
TC1
TO
PD
OV
Z
AC
C
¾
¾
¾
¾
Ö
Ö
Ö
Ö
SUBM A,[m]
Subtract data memory from the accumulator
Description
The specified data memory is subtracted from the contents of the accumulator, leaving the
result in the data memory.
Operation
[m] ¬ ACC+[m]+1
Affected flag(s)
TC2
TC1
TO
PD
OV
Z
AC
C
¾
¾
¾
¾
Ö
Ö
Ö
Ö
SUB A,x
Subtract immediate data from the accumulator
Description
The immediate data specified by the code is subtracted from the contents of the accumulator, leaving the result in the accumulator.
Operation
ACC ¬ ACC+x+1
Affected flag(s)
TC2
TC1
TO
PD
OV
Z
AC
C
¾
¾
¾
¾
Ö
Ö
Ö
Ö
SWAP [m]
Swap nibbles within the data memory
Description
The low-order and high-order nibbles of the specified data memory (1 of the data memories) are interchanged.
Operation
[m].3~[m].0 « [m].7~[m].4
Affected flag(s)
TC2
TC1
TO
PD
OV
Z
AC
C
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
SWAPA [m]
Swap data memory and place result in the accumulator
Description
The low-order and high-order nibbles of the specified data memory are interchanged, writing the result to the accumulator. The contents of the data memory remain unchanged.
Operation
ACC.3~ACC.0 ¬ [m].7~[m].4
ACC.7~ACC.4 ¬ [m].3~[m].0
Affected flag(s)
Rev. 1.70
TC2
TC1
TO
PD
OV
Z
AC
C
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
24
July 16, 2003
HT48RA0A
SZ [m]
Skip if data memory is 0
Description
If the contents of the specified data memory are 0, the following instruction, fetched during
the current instruction execution, is discarded and a dummy cycle is replaced to get the
proper instruction (2 cycles). Otherwise proceed with the next instruction (1 cycle).
Operation
Skip if [m]=0
Affected flag(s)
TC2
TC1
TO
PD
OV
Z
AC
C
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
SZA [m]
Move data memory to ACC, skip if 0
Description
The contents of the specified data memory are copied to the accumulator. If the contents is
0, the following instruction, fetched during the current instruction execution, is discarded
and a dummy cycle is replaced to get the proper instruction (2 cycles). Otherwise proceed
with the next instruction (1 cycle).
Operation
Skip if [m]=0
Affected flag(s)
TC2
TC1
TO
PD
OV
Z
AC
C
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
SZ [m].i
Skip if bit i of the data memory is 0
Description
If bit i of the specified data memory is 0, the following instruction, fetched during the current
instruction execution, is discarded and a dummy cycle is replaced to get the proper instruction (2 cycles). Otherwise proceed with the next instruction (1 cycle).
Operation
Skip if [m].i=0
Affected flag(s)
TC2
TC1
TO
PD
OV
Z
AC
C
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
TABRDC [m]
Move the ROM code (current page) to TBLH and data memory
Description
The low byte of ROM code (current page) addressed by the table pointer (TBLP) is moved
to the specified data memory and the high byte transferred to TBLH directly.
Operation
[m] ¬ ROM code (low byte)
TBLH ¬ ROM code (high byte)
Affected flag(s)
TC2
TC1
TO
PD
OV
Z
AC
C
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
TABRDL [m]
Move the ROM code (last page) to TBLH and data memory
Description
The low byte of ROM code (last page) addressed by the table pointer (TBLP) is moved to
the data memory and the high byte transferred to TBLH directly.
Operation
[m] ¬ ROM code (low byte)
TBLH ¬ ROM code (high byte)
Affected flag(s)
Rev. 1.70
TC2
TC1
TO
PD
OV
Z
AC
C
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
25
July 16, 2003
HT48RA0A
XOR A,[m]
Logical XOR accumulator with data memory
Description
Data in the accumulator and the indicated data memory perform a bitwise logical Exclusive_OR operation and the result is stored in the accumulator.
Operation
ACC ¬ ACC ²XOR² [m]
Affected flag(s)
TC2
TC1
TO
PD
OV
Z
AC
C
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
Ö
¾
¾
XORM A,[m]
Logical XOR data memory with the accumulator
Description
Data in the indicated data memory and the accumulator perform a bitwise logical Exclusive_OR operation. The result is stored in the data memory. The 0 flag is affected.
Operation
[m] ¬ ACC ²XOR² [m]
Affected flag(s)
TC2
TC1
TO
PD
OV
Z
AC
C
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
Ö
¾
¾
XOR A,x
Logical XOR immediate data to the accumulator
Description
Data in the accumulator and the specified data perform a bitwise logical Exclusive_OR operation. The result is stored in the accumulator. The 0 flag is affected.
Operation
ACC ¬ ACC ²XOR² x
Affected flag(s)
Rev. 1.70
TC2
TC1
TO
PD
OV
Z
AC
C
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
Ö
¾
¾
26
July 16, 2003
HT48RA0A
Package Information
20-pin SOP (300mil) Outline Dimensions
1 1
2 0
A
B
1
1 0
C
C '
G
H
D
E
Symbol
Rev. 1.70
=
F
Dimensions in mil
Min.
Nom.
Max.
A
394
¾
419
B
290
¾
300
C
14
¾
20
C¢
490
¾
510
D
92
¾
104
E
¾
50
¾
F
4
¾
¾
G
32
¾
38
H
4
¾
12
a
0°
¾
10°
27
July 16, 2003
HT48RA0A
24-pin SOP (300mil) Outline Dimensions
1 3
2 4
A
B
1 2
1
C
C '
G
H
D
E
Symbol
Rev. 1.70
=
F
Dimensions in mil
Min.
Nom.
Max.
A
394
¾
419
B
290
¾
300
C
14
¾
20
C¢
590
¾
614
D
92
¾
104
E
¾
50
¾
F
4
¾
¾
G
32
¾
38
H
4
¾
12
a
0°
¾
10°
28
July 16, 2003
HT48RA0A
Product Tape and Reel Specifications
Reel Dimensions
D
T 2
A
C
B
T 1
SOP 20W
Symbol
Description
Dimensions in mm
A
Reel Outer Diameter
330±1.0
B
Reel Inner Diameter
62±1.5
C
Spindle Hole Diameter
13.0+0.5
-0.2
D
Key Slit Width
2.0±0.5
T1
Space Between Flange
24.8+0.3
-0.2
T2
Reel Thickness
30.2±0.2
SOP 24W
Symbol
Description
A
Reel Outer Diameter
B
Reel Inner Diameter
Dimensions in mm
330±1.0
62±1.5
13.0+0.5
-0.2
C
Spindle Hole Diameter
D
Key Slit Width
2.0±0.5
T1
Space Between Flange
24.8+0.3
-0.2
T2
Reel Thickness
30.2±0.2
Rev. 1.70
29
July 16, 2003
HT48RA0A
Carrier Tape Dimensions
P 0
D
P 1
t
E
F
W
C
D 1
B 0
P
K 0
A 0
SOP 20W
Symbol
W
Description
Dimensions in mm
24.0+0.3
-0.1
Carrier Tape Width
P
Cavity Pitch
12.0±0.1
E
Perforation Position
1.75±0.1
F
Cavity to Perforation (Width Direction)
11.5±0.1
D
Perforation Diameter
1.5+0.1
D1
Cavity Hole Diameter
1.5+0.25
P0
Perforation Pitch
4.0±0.1
P1
Cavity to Perforation (Length Direction)
2.0±0.1
A0
Cavity Length
10.8±0.1
B0
Cavity Width
13.3±0.1
K0
Cavity Depth
3.2±0.1
t
Carrier Tape Thickness
0.3±0.05
C
Cover Tape Width
21.3
SOP 24W
Symbol
W
Description
Dimensions in mm
Carrier Tape Width
24.0±0.3
P
Cavity Pitch
12.0±0.1
E
Perforation Position
1.75±0.1
F
Cavity to Perforation (Width Direction)
11.5±0.1
D
Perforation Diameter
1.55+0.1
D1
Cavity Hole Diameter
1.5+0.25
P0
Perforation Pitch
4.0±0.1
P1
Cavity to Perforation (Length Direction)
2.0±0.1
A0
Cavity Length
10.9±0.1
B0
Cavity Width
15.9±0.1
K0
Cavity Depth
t
Carrier Tape Thickness
C
Cover Tape Width
Rev. 1.70
3.1±0.1
0.35±0.05
21.3
30
July 16, 2003
HT48RA0A
Holtek Semiconductor Inc. (Headquarters)
No.3, Creation Rd. II, Science Park, Hsinchu, Taiwan
Tel: 886-3-563-1999
Fax: 886-3-563-1189
http://www.holtek.com.tw
Holtek Semiconductor Inc. (Taipei Sales Office)
4F-2, No. 3-2, YuanQu St., Nankang Software Park, Taipei 115, Taiwan
Tel: 886-2-2655-7070
Fax: 886-2-2655-7373
Fax: 886-2-2655-7383 (International sales hotline)
Holtek Semiconductor Inc. (Shanghai Sales Office)
7th Floor, Building 2, No.889, Yi Shan Rd., Shanghai, China 200233
Tel: 021-6485-5560
Fax: 021-6485-0313
http://www.holtek.com.cn
Holtek Semiconductor Inc. (Shenzhen Sales Office)
43F, SEG Plaza, Shen Nan Zhong Road, Shenzhen, China 518031
Tel: 0755-8346-5589
Fax: 0755-8346-5590
ISDN: 0755-8346-5591
Holtek Semiconductor Inc. (Beijing Sales Office)
Suite 1721, Jinyu Tower, A129 West Xuan Wu Men Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, China 100031
Tel: 010-6641-0030, 6641-7751, 6641-7752
Fax: 010-6641-0125
Holmate Semiconductor, Inc. (North America Sales Office)
46712 Fremont Blvd., Fremont, CA 94538
Tel: 510-252-9880
Fax: 510-252-9885
http://www.holmate.com
Copyright Ó 2003 by HOLTEK SEMICONDUCTOR INC.
The information appearing in this Data Sheet is believed to be accurate at the time of publication. However, Holtek assumes no responsibility arising from the use of the specifications described. The applications mentioned herein are used
solely for the purpose of illustration and Holtek makes no warranty or representation that such applications will be suitable
without further modification, nor recommends the use of its products for application that may present a risk to human life
due to malfunction or otherwise. Holtek¢s products are not authorized for use as critical components in life support devices
or systems. Holtek reserves the right to alter its products without prior notification. For the most up-to-date information,
please visit our web site at http://www.holtek.com.tw.
Rev. 1.70
31
July 16, 2003