GPS Orion 12 Channel GPS Receiver Design Product Brief DS4808 - 1.3 August 1997 The GPS Orion is an evaluation kit to demonstrate the capability of the Mitel Semiconductor GP2000 Global Positioning chip set. It is a fully functional GPS receiver design which provides full 12 channel parallel tracking hardware and software for GPS system integrators and designers of GPS receiver subsystems. This new approach offers a complete GPS receiver ‘engine’ design with the design information being freely available, providing the ability to integrate GPS with dedicated IC components. This allows wider design flexibility and lower cost solutions than using third-party modulebased receivers. It enables the GP2000 chipset to be evaluated in real applications. FEATURES ■ Small board size - 95 mm x 50 mm ■ 12 channel GPS Receiver architecture ■ Highly integrated miniature silicon Front-end IC ■ Low cost 12 Channel Correlator IC ■ 32 bit RISC processor with spare processing ■ Easy to embed into host systems ■ Non-volatile data retention ■ Supported by Development System (GPS Architect) with access to GPS software source code at minimal cost The GPS Orion comprises two boards : a GPS Receiver board, and an Interface board. The Receiver board is based on the GP2000 chip set plus complementary components which make a complete GPS Receiver. The Interface board provides power and data conditioning interfaces to peripheral equipment, and long term memory backup. GPS Receiver Board The GPS Orion receiver architecture uses integrated circuits manufactured by Mitel Semiconductor. The GP2000 chipset comprises the GP2015 RF downconverter, the DW9255 35.42MHz (2MHz BW) IF SAW filter, the GP2021 correlator IC, and the 32-bit ARM60 RISC processor. The use of a GP2015 RF downconverter offers good immunity from out-of-band noise, especially when used with the DW9255 surface mount SAW filter as a 2nd IF filter. The design offers superior RF performance with a high degree of noise rejection from digital sources. The 2-bit sampled IF, in conjunction with triple-conversion architecture provides bestin-class RF jamming resistance. The GP2021 12 channel correlator can be used to track C/A code for the Standard Positioning Service. Any channels not used can be deselected to save power. The digital interface is compatible with most 16 or 32-bit processors and the IC includes interface logic to allow it to be easily coupled to the ARM60 32 bit RISC processor. Fig.1 GPS Orion Receiver Board with Interface Board The ARM60-B 32-bit RISC microprocessor offers high instruction throughput and fast real-time interrupt response. The ARM60 offers superior performance for 12 channel processing, which is important for applications such as vehicle tracking and automotive applications. Interface Board The Interface board provides those functions which would normally be included elsewhere in a GPS system. These functions include : voltage regulation, battery back-up (1000 hours memory retention), and serial interfaces to output the information and to input commands and DGPS correction data. Software The software for GPS Orion is stored in EPROM and is self-booting. The software provides many facilities including: NMEA 0183, or proprietary WINMON data interfaces Navigation position filtering Satellite Almanac and Ephemeris save and upload Reliable satellite tracking RTCM SC-104 Differential Correction input Data Retention The Receiver board includes a supercap (0.22 F) which gives approximately 4 hours retention of volatile data (position, satellite ephemerides, etc.) in isolation from the Interface board. The Interface board includes a rechargeable battery giving approximately 1,000 hours data retention. GPS Orion PRODUCT BRIEF RELATED PRODUCTS Part No Description Data Sheet DW9255 35.42 MHz SAW Filter Reference DS3861 GP2010 GP2015 GPS RF Front End GPS RF Front End in TQFP package DS4056 DS4374 GP2021 ARM60 12 Channel Correlator 32 Bit RISC Processor DS4077 DS4004 GPS Architect 12 Channel GPS Development System DS4605 Fig.2 GPS Orion Architecture OUTLINE SPECIFICATION RECEIVER CHARACTERISTICS GENERAL: L1 frequency (1575.42MHz), C/A code direct-sequence spread-spectrum, 12 parallel channel continuous-tracking receiver, using 2-bit digital DATUM: quantization. WGS-84 only POSITION ACCURACY: (standard) 25 metres Spherical Error Probability (SEP); 100 metres (2D Root Mean Square) with S/A active. POSITION ACCURACY: (DGPS) 3 metres SEP, with S/A active. TIME-TO-FIRST-FIX (TTFF - Ref Notes) Typical 105 seconds 90% <165 seconds 11 seconds <60 seconds <15 seconds ● Cold start: ● Warm start: ● Hot start: RE-ACQUISITION AFTER SIGNAL LOSS: ANTI-JAMMING RESISTANCE: 2 < 2 seconds (90%) -20dBm CW to within ±7.5MHz of L1 (for <3dB degradation in GPS SNR). GPS Orion PRODUCT BRIEF DATA I/O WINMON MODE: (J2 socket) Proprietory GEC-Plessey Semiconductors ASCII interface protocol. Full input/output interface, controlling all user-definable options. NMEA MODE: 19200 baud, 8-bits, No Parity, 1 stop bit. NMEA 0183 V2.01 with GGA, RMC, GSV & GSA (output only - not (J2 socket) configurable). 4800 baud, 8-bits, No parity, 1 stop bit. Receiver configuration is still available in NMEA mode, by using WINMON UPDATE RATE: command protocol at 4800 baud, 8-bits, No parity, 1 stop bit. 1 per second (both modes) RTCM DIFFERENTIAL CORRECTIONS: (J1 socket) RTCM SC-104 (input only) - message types 1, 2 & 9-3 9600 baud, 8-bits, No Parity, 1 stop bit PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS - GPS ORION RECEIVER BOARD PRIME POWER: Vdd into receiver board +5 volts DC, +/- 10% EXTERNAL BACKUP POWER: Vdr ACTIVE-ANTENNA POWER: >+2.2 volts DC, <+5.5volts DC +5 volts DC available POWER CONSUMPTION: Vdd GPS Receiver Board only: 370mA 1.85W With Antenna: 395mA 1.98W MEMORY/RTC BACKUP POWER CONSUMPTION: Vdr 60µA @ Vdr > +2.2volts DC INSTALLED SUPERCAP BACKUP LIFE: DATA I/O LEVELS: 4 hours approx. CMOS TTL levels (0v & +5v) SIZE: (GPS Orion Receiver Board only) 95mm x 50mm x 20mm (with RF connector) 95mm x 50mm x 12mm (no RF connector) SIZE: (with GPS Orion Interface Board attached) 95mm x 50mm x 30mm CONNECTORS: RF: SMA socket I/O: 9-pin (1 x 9), 0.1" pitch plug PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS - GPS ORION INTERFACE BOARD INPUT POWER SUPPLY: +8 volts to +30volts DC MEMORY / RTC BACKUP BATTERY: BATTERY CHARGE - +3.6 v NiCad, 110mAhrs ● RATE: 7.5mA typical 18 hours approx. ● TOTAL RECHARGE TIME: BATTERY BACKUP LIFE (when supplying Vdr pin on GPS Orion receiver board): 8 weeks approx. DATA I/O LEVELS: OUTPUT DATA-MODE CHANGE: RS232 levels (±10v) Slide switch SOFT RESET: CONNECTORS: Push button I/O to Orion: 9-pin (1 x 9), 0.1" pitch socket Power: 2.5mm power socket (centre positive) RS232: 2 x 9 pin D-type plug ENVIRONMENTAL CHARACTERISTICS (RECEIVER BOARD ONLY) OPERATING TEMP: -40°C to +85°C STORAGE TEMP: -50°C to +110°C 3 GPS Orion PRODUCT BRIEF NOTES: 1) COLD START:- A cold start results when there is no valid Almanac or Ephemeris information available for the satellite constellation in SRAM, or when the time and/or position information is NOT known (i.e starts at 0 in both cases). Also a cold start will be initiated if an Almanac is valid, but a fix cannot be achieved within 10 minutes of power-up. This could occur if the receiver position has moved significantly since it was last powered-up, but the position change and time are NOT initialised by the user 2) WARM START:- A warm start results when there is a valid Almanac, and the initial time and position are known in SRAM, but the ephemeris is NOT valid (i.e more than 4 - 6 hours old). 3) HOT START:- A hot start results when there is a valid Almanac, valid ephemeris (i.e. less than 4 - 6 hours old), and when accurate time and position information are also known in SRAM (position error less than 100km, time error less than 5 minutes). This can be simulated by a momentary Soft-Reset (i.e. press the push-button on the GPS Orion interface Board). Next step The GPS Architect is available for designers who wish to develop the software further. This software, which supports the GP2000 chipset is available in both executable and source format, and is available for modification and/or embedding into the target application. Purchase of a GPS Architect Development System provides optimum flexibility and control in the design approach demonstrated by the GPS Orion, and includes a licence to modify the software and use it in embedded form with the target application. 4 http://www.mitelsemi.com World Headquarters - Canada Tel: +1 (613) 592 2122 Fax: +1 (613) 592 6909 North America Tel: +1 (770) 486 0194 Fax: +1 (770) 631 8213 Asia/Pacific Tel: +65 333 6193 Fax: +65 333 6192 Europe, Middle East, and Africa (EMEA) Tel: +44 (0) 1793 518528 Fax: +44 (0) 1793 518581 Information relating to products and services furnished herein by Mitel Corporation or its subsidiaries (collectively “Mitel”) is believed to be reliable. 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