LM96551 LM96551 Ultrasound Transmit Pulser Literature Number: SNAS511A LM96551 Ultrasound Transmit Pulser General Description Features The LM96551 is an eight-channel monolithic high-voltage, high-speed pulse generator for multi-channel medical ultrasound applications. It is well-suited for use with National’s LM965XX series chipset which offers a complete medical ultrasound solution targeted towards low-power, portable systems. The LM96551 contains eight high-voltage pulsers with integrated diodes generating ±50V bipolar pulses with peak currents of up to 2A and pulse rates of up to 15 MHz. Advanced features include low-jitter and low-phase-noise output pulses ideal for continuous-wave (CW) modes of operation. Active clamp circuitry is integrated for ensuring low harmonic distortion of the output signal waveform. The LM96551 also featuers a low-power operation mode and over-temperature protection (OTP) which are enabled by onchip temperature sensing and power-down logic. ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ Applications ■ Ultrasound Imaging ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ 8-channel high-voltage CMOS pulse generator Output pulses with ±50V and 2A peak current Active damper with built-in blocking diodes Built-in floating supply voltages for output stage Up to 15 MHz operating frequency Matched delays for rising and falling edges Low second harmonic distortion allows and improves harmonic imaging Continuous-wave (CW) operation down to ±3.3V Low Phase noise enables Doppler measurements -145 dBc/Hz Phase Noise at 10 MHz (1 kHz offset) Output state over-temperature protection Blocking diodes for direct interface to transducer 2.5V to 5.0V CMOS logic interface Low-power consumption per channel Over Temperature Protection Key Specifications Output voltage Output peak current Output pulse rate Rise/fall delay matching (max) Pulser HD2 (5 MHz) Operating Temp. ±50 ±2.0 Up to 15 < 3.7 V A MHz ns -40 0 to +70 dB °C Block Diagram 30140102 © 2011 Texas Instruments Incorporated 301401 www.ti.com LM96551 Ultrasound Transmit Pulser November 30, 2011 LM96551 Typical Application 8-Channel Transmit/Receive Chipset 30140107 www.ti.com 2 LM96551 Pin Diagram 30140101 FIGURE 1. Pin Diagram of LM96551 Ordering Information Order Number Package Type NSC Package Drawing LM96551SQ LM96551SQE Supplied As 1000 80 Lead LLP SQA80A LM96551SQX 250 2000 3 www.ti.com LM96551 TABLE 1. Pin Descriptions Pin No. Name Type Function and Connection 21, 23, 25, 27, 33, 35, 37, 39 PIN n=0...7 Input Logic control positive output channel P 1 = ON 0 = OFF 22, 24, 26, 28, 34, 36, 38, 40 NIN n=0...7 Input Logic control negative output channel N 1 = ON 0 = OFF 59, 60 VOUT7 62, 63 VOUT6 65, 66 VOUT5 68, 69 VOUT4 72, 73 VOUT3 75, 76 VOUT2 78, 79 VOUT1 1, 2 VOUT0 29 EN Input Chip power enable 1 = ON 0 = OFF 31 MODE Input Output current mode control 1 = Max Current 0 = Low Current Output High voltage output of channels 0 to 7 30 OTP Output Over-temperature indicating IC temp > 125°C 0 = Over-temperature 1 = Normal temperature This pin is open-drain. 4, 5, 6, 7, 54, 55, 56, 57 VPP Power Positive high voltage power supply (+3.3V to +50V) 11, 12, 13, 14, 47, 48, 49, 50 VNN Power Negative high voltage power supply (-3.3V to -50V) 8, 53 VPF Power Positive internal floating power supply (VPP -10V) 10, 51 VNF Power Negative internal floating power supply (VNN +10V) 18, 43 VDD Power Positive level-shifter supply voltage (+10V) 16, 45 VDN Power Negative level-shifter supply voltage (-10V) 20, 41 VLL Power Logic supply voltage. Hi voltage reference input (+2.5 to +5V) VSUB Power All VSUB pins must be connected to most negative potential of the IC. NOTE: The exposed thermal pad is connected to VSUB. HVGND Ground High voltage reference potential (0V) AGND Ground Analog and Logic voltage reference input, logic ground (0V) 0, 15, 46 3, 9, 52, 58, 61, 64, 67, 70, 71, 74, 77, 80 17, 19, 32, 42, 44 www.ti.com 4 Operating Ratings If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required, please contact the Texas Instruments Sales Office/ Distributors for availability and specifications. Operation Junction Temperature VPP, −VNN; High-voltage supply VDD, −VDN; Level-shift supply VLL, Logic Supply VSUB, Substrate bias supply Maximum Junction Temperature (TJMAX) Storage Temperature Range Supply Voltage (VDD) Supply Voltage (VDN) Supply Voltage (VPP) Supply Voltage (VNN) Supply Voltage (VSUB) IO Supply Voltage (VLL) Voltage at Logic Inputs +150°C −40°C to +125°C –0.3V to +12V +0.3V and −12V –0.3V and +55V +0.3V and −55V −65V −0.3V to +5.5V −0.3V to VLL +0.3V 0°C to + 70°C +3.3V to +50V +9V to 11V +2.4V to +5.3V must be most negative supply Package Thermal Resistance (θJA ) ESD Tolerance Human Body Model Machine Model Charge Device Model 19.7 °C/W 2KV 150V 750V Analog Characteristics Unless otherwise stated, the following conditions apply VLL = +3.3V, VPP = −VNN = 50V, VSUB = −55V, VDD = −VDN = 10V, RL = 2KΩ, TA = 25°C, Fin=5MHz, Mode = LO, EN = HI. Symbol FOUT Parameter Conditions Min Output Frequency Range RL = 100Ω Typ 1 Output Voltage Range -48.5 Output Current 2% Duty Cycle Output Current 100% Duty Cycle, Mode=HI 0.6 HD2 Second harmonic distortion RL = 100Ω, CL = 330pF -40 RON Output ON Resistance 100 mA 7 Output clamp Positive or Negative pulse 2 Power Supply Current Max Units 15 MHz +48.5 V 2 Pin = Nin = LO En = LO A dBc 11 Ω A VPP 3.2 VNN 3.4 7 8 VDD 12 18 VDN 8 13 VLL 25 50 µA VSUB 0.7 6 mA VPP 3.2 7 VNN 3.4 8 VDD 4 7 VDN 3 6.5 VLL 25 50 µA VSUB 0.7 6 mA mA mA OTP Over Temperature Protection 125 °C σOTP OTP sigma 3.0 °C HsysOTP OTP hysteresis 5.5 °C 5 www.ti.com LM96551 Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1) LM96551 AC and Timing Characteristics Unless otherwise stated, the following conditions apply VLL = +3.3V, VDD = −VDN = 10V, VSUB = −55V, VPP = −VNN = 50V, RL = 100Ω, CL = 330pF, Fin=5MHz, TA = 25°C. Mode = LO, EN = HI. Typ Max tr Symbol Output rise time Parameter Conditions Min 19 29 tf Output fall time 19 29 tE Enable time 1 tdr Delay time on inputs rise 32 39 tdf Delay time on inputs fall 32 39 | tdr - tdr | Delay time mismatch tdm Delay on mode change P-to-N (see Note 2) Unit ns µs ns 3.7 1 µs DC Characteristics Unless otherwise stated, the following conditions apply. VLL = +3.3V, VDD = −VDN = 10V, VSUB = −55V, VPP = −VNN = 50V, TA = 25°C, Symbol Parameter VIL Low Input “LO” threshold VIH High Input “HI” threshold IIN input current Conditions Min Typ 2.3 Max Unit 1 V V 1 µA Note 1: Absolute Maximum Ratings are limits beyond which damage to the device may occur. Operating Ratings are conditions under which operation of the device is guaranteed to be functional, but do not guarantee specific performance limits. For guaranteed specifications and test conditions, see the Electrical Characteristics. Note 2: The delay time mismatch can be adjust to be less than 0.8ns with the LM96570 duty cycle control function. Note 3: 10.24 MHz Differential Input signal from LMK04800 Evaluation board with 122.88 MHz Crystek CVHD-950 VCXO clock source. The LMK04800 clock output channel was configured with a divide value of 12 and LVCMOS outputs with opposite polarity. www.ti.com 6 The LM96551 pulser provides an 8-channel transmit side solution for medical ultrasound applications suitable for integra- 30140102 FIGURE 2. Block Diagram of High-Voltage Pulser Channel A functional block diagram of the LM96551 is shown in . It has an input buffer at its CMOS logic interface, which is powered by VLL (2.5 to 5.0V). When EN=HI, driving a channel’s inputs (PIN n or NIN n) HI will result in a positive or negative pulse at the channel’s output pin (VOUT n), respectively. The output pins VOUT are pulled to either the positive or negative supplies, VPP or VNN by power MOSFETs. When PIN and NIN are both LO, Vout is actively clamped to GNDHI at 0V. This clamping reduces harmonic distortions compared to competing architectures that use bleeding resistors for implementing the return to zero of the output. The user must avoid the condition in which PIN and NIN are both HI simultaneously, as this will damage the output stage! The impedance of the output stage can be controlled via the Mode-pin. When the Mode = HI as shown, only one output transistor pair drives the output resulting in a peak current of 600 mA at VPP = -VNN = 50V. When Mode=LO, a peak-current of 2A is achievable resulting in faster transients at the output. However, faster output transients can lead to significant overshoot of the output signal. This can be avoided using the lower drive current option. Continuous-wave (CW) applications are supported for low power consumption down to VPP = -VNN = 3.3V with Mode =HI. Internally, the CMOS logic input signals are level shifted to VDD = 10V and VDN = -10V for pulse transmission. The outputs of the level shifter drive the high-voltage P and N drivers that control the output power MOSFETs, which are supplied from the positive and negative rails VPP and VNN, respectively. The high-voltage rails are designed for a maximum of 50V; however, they can be operated down to 3.3V. The necessary gate-overdrive voltage levels for the output drivers are internally generated from the high-voltage rails. Over-Temperature Protection (OTP) is implemented by continuously monitoring the on-chip temperature. The OTP output (open drain) pin goes LO when the chip temperature exceeds a critical level. Prior to this event, the user must ensure that the chip is powered down before fatal damage occurs. In addition to a primary software controlled safety shutdown, the OTP pin can be also be hard-wired to the EN pin as a secondary safety measure. 7 www.ti.com LM96551 tion into multi-channel (128/256 channel) systems. Its flexible, integrated ±50V pulser architecture enables low-power designs targeting portable systems. A complete system can be designed using National’s companion LM965XX chipset. Overview LM96551 Timing Diagrams RISE AND FALL TIME The timing diagram shown in Figure 3 defines the rise and fall times tr and tf. 30140104 FIGURE 3. Timing Diagram Defining Rise and Fall Times tr and tf, respectively INPUT TO OUTPUT DELAY The timing diagram shown in Figure 4 defines the delays between the input and output signals. 30140105 FIGURE 4. Timing Diagram Defining Input-to-Output Delays Times www.ti.com 8 Unless otherwise stated, the following conditions apply VLL = +3.3V, VDD = −VDN = 10V, VSUB = −55V, VPP = −VNN = 50V, RL = 100Ω, CL = 330pF, Fin=5MHz, TA = 25°C. Mode = LO, EN = HI Return-to-Zero Rise Time (RL=2KΩ) Return-to-Zero Fall Time (RL=2KΩ) 30140109 30140108 Harmonic Distortion (8 pulses) Differential Input vs. Pulser Output Phase Noise (Note 3) 30140110 30140111 Constant 5W Total Power RL=300Ω 100% CW mode, Mode=HI, VSUB=-10V Over Temperature Protection 120 9 100 8 80 # of Samples CW Frequency (MHz) 10 7 CL=150pF 6 5 CL=330pF 4 40 20 CL=470pF 3 60 2 0 114 1 3 4 5 6 7 VPP=-VNN (V) 8 134 OTP Trip Point (°C) 9 30140113 30140112 9 www.ti.com LM96551 Typical Performance Characteristics LM96551 Functional Description Note that the case, PINn = NNn = HI is not allowed as it will damage the output transistors. Logic inputs Output EN PINn NINn Voutn 1 0 0 0V 1 1 0 VPP - 0.7V 1 0 1 VNN + 0.7V 1 1 1 not allowed 0 X X 0V Applications POWER-UP AND POWER-DOWN SEQUENCES VSUB must always be the most negative supply, i.e., it must be equal to or more negative than the most negative supply, VNN or VDN. Power UP Sequence: 1. 2. 3. Turn ON VSUB, hold EN pin LO Turn On VLL Turn ON VDD, VDN, VPP, and VNN Power DOWN Sequence: 1. 2. 3. Turn OFF VDD, VDN, VPP & VNN Turn OFF VLL Turn OFF VSUB www.ti.com 10 LM96551 Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted 80-Lead LLP Package NS Package Number SQA80A 11 www.ti.com LM96551 Ultrasound Transmit Pulser Notes TI/NATIONAL INTERIM IMPORTANT NOTICE Texas Instruments has purchased National Semiconductor. As of Monday, September 26th, and until further notice, products sold or advertised under the National Semiconductor name or logo, and information, support and interactions concerning such products, remain subject to the preexisting National Semiconductor standard terms and conditions of sale, terms of use of website, and Notices (and/or terms previously agreed in writing with National Semiconductor, where applicable) and are not subject to any differing terms and notices applicable to other TI components, sales or websites. To the extent information on official TI and National websites and business social networking media, etc., pertains to both TI and National-branded products, both companies' instructions, warnings and limitations in the above-referenced terms of use apply. Following are URLs where you can obtain information on other Texas Instruments products and application solutions: Products Applications Audio www.ti.com/audio Communications and Telecom www.ti.com/communications Amplifiers amplifier.ti.com Computers and Peripherals www.ti.com/computers Data Converters dataconverter.ti.com Consumer Electronics www.ti.com/consumer-apps DLP® Products www.dlp.com Energy and Lighting www.ti.com/energy DSP dsp.ti.com Industrial www.ti.com/industrial Clocks and Timers www.ti.com/clocks Medical www.ti.com/medical Interface interface.ti.com Security www.ti.com/security Logic logic.ti.com Space, Avionics and Defense www.ti.com/space-avionicsdefense Power Mgmt power.ti.com Transportation and Automotive www.ti.com/automotive Microcontrollers microcontroller.ti.com Video and Imaging www.ti.com/video RFID www.ti-rfid.com www.ti.com/wireless-apps RF/IF and ZigBee® Solutions www.ti.com/lprf Wireless TI E2E Community Home Page e2e.ti.com Mailing Address: Texas Instruments, Post Office Box 655303, Dallas, Texas 75265 Copyright© 2011 Texas Instruments Incorporated www.ti.com IMPORTANT NOTICE Texas Instruments Incorporated and its subsidiaries (TI) reserve the right to make corrections, modifications, enhancements, improvements, and other changes to its products and services at any time and to discontinue any product or service without notice. Customers should obtain the latest relevant information before placing orders and should verify that such information is current and complete. All products are sold subject to TI’s terms and conditions of sale supplied at the time of order acknowledgment. TI warrants performance of its hardware products to the specifications applicable at the time of sale in accordance with TI’s standard warranty. Testing and other quality control techniques are used to the extent TI deems necessary to support this warranty. Except where mandated by government requirements, testing of all parameters of each product is not necessarily performed. TI assumes no liability for applications assistance or customer product design. Customers are responsible for their products and applications using TI components. To minimize the risks associated with customer products and applications, customers should provide adequate design and operating safeguards. TI does not warrant or represent that any license, either express or implied, is granted under any TI patent right, copyright, mask work right, or other TI intellectual property right relating to any combination, machine, or process in which TI products or services are used. Information published by TI regarding third-party products or services does not constitute a license from TI to use such products or services or a warranty or endorsement thereof. Use of such information may require a license from a third party under the patents or other intellectual property of the third party, or a license from TI under the patents or other intellectual property of TI. Reproduction of TI information in TI data books or data sheets is permissible only if reproduction is without alteration and is accompanied by all associated warranties, conditions, limitations, and notices. Reproduction of this information with alteration is an unfair and deceptive business practice. TI is not responsible or liable for such altered documentation. Information of third parties may be subject to additional restrictions. Resale of TI products or services with statements different from or beyond the parameters stated by TI for that product or service voids all express and any implied warranties for the associated TI product or service and is an unfair and deceptive business practice. TI is not responsible or liable for any such statements. TI products are not authorized for use in safety-critical applications (such as life support) where a failure of the TI product would reasonably be expected to cause severe personal injury or death, unless officers of the parties have executed an agreement specifically governing such use. Buyers represent that they have all necessary expertise in the safety and regulatory ramifications of their applications, and acknowledge and agree that they are solely responsible for all legal, regulatory and safety-related requirements concerning their products and any use of TI products in such safety-critical applications, notwithstanding any applications-related information or support that may be provided by TI. Further, Buyers must fully indemnify TI and its representatives against any damages arising out of the use of TI products in such safety-critical applications. TI products are neither designed nor intended for use in military/aerospace applications or environments unless the TI products are specifically designated by TI as military-grade or "enhanced plastic." Only products designated by TI as military-grade meet military specifications. Buyers acknowledge and agree that any such use of TI products which TI has not designated as military-grade is solely at the Buyer's risk, and that they are solely responsible for compliance with all legal and regulatory requirements in connection with such use. TI products are neither designed nor intended for use in automotive applications or environments unless the specific TI products are designated by TI as compliant with ISO/TS 16949 requirements. Buyers acknowledge and agree that, if they use any non-designated products in automotive applications, TI will not be responsible for any failure to meet such requirements. Following are URLs where you can obtain information on other Texas Instruments products and application solutions: Products Applications Audio www.ti.com/audio Communications and Telecom www.ti.com/communications Amplifiers amplifier.ti.com Computers and Peripherals www.ti.com/computers Data Converters dataconverter.ti.com Consumer Electronics www.ti.com/consumer-apps DLP® Products www.dlp.com Energy and Lighting www.ti.com/energy DSP dsp.ti.com Industrial www.ti.com/industrial Clocks and Timers www.ti.com/clocks Medical www.ti.com/medical Interface interface.ti.com Security www.ti.com/security Logic logic.ti.com Space, Avionics and Defense www.ti.com/space-avionics-defense Power Mgmt power.ti.com Transportation and Automotive www.ti.com/automotive Microcontrollers microcontroller.ti.com Video and Imaging RFID www.ti-rfid.com OMAP Mobile Processors www.ti.com/omap Wireless Connectivity www.ti.com/wirelessconnectivity TI E2E Community Home Page www.ti.com/video e2e.ti.com Mailing Address: Texas Instruments, Post Office Box 655303, Dallas, Texas 75265 Copyright © 2011, Texas Instruments Incorporated