WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS DIVISION TQ5M31 DATA SHEET Vdd Vdd IF Gain/IP3/current adjustment GIC GND LO RF 50 ohm LO INPUT 3V Downconverter Mixer IC IF OUT GND 50 ohm RF INPUT Features §Single 3V Operation §Adjustable Gain/IP3/Current §Low Current Operation Product Description §Few external components The TQ5M31 is a general purpose RFIC mixer downconverter designed for multiple applications including worldwide cellular and PCS mobile phones, ISM bands, GPS receivers, L band satellite terminals, WLAN and pagers. The TQ5M31 is usable for applications with an RF frequency range from 500 to 2500 MHz, and an IF output range from 45 to 500 MHz. The integrated circuit requires minimal off-chip matching, while allowing for the maximum application flexibility. Low current drain makes this part ideal for portable, battery operated applications. The output third order intercept efficiency is very high. §SOT23-6 plastic package §High IP3 §Broadband Performance Electrical Specifications1 Parameter Min RF Frequency 500 Typ Max Units 2500 MHz Conversion Gain 4.0 dB Noise Figure 8.5 dB Input 3rd Order Intercept 9.0 dBm DC supply Current 6.2 mA Applications §Cellular and PCS mobile applications worldwide §Wireless data applications §GPS/ISM/ general purpose Note 1: Test Conditions: Vdd=2.8V, Ta=25C, RF=1960MHz, LO=1750MHz, IF=210MHz, LO input=4dBm For additional information and latest specifications, see our website: www.triquint.com 1 TQ5M31 Data Sheet Electrical Characteristics Parameter Conditions Min. Typ/Nom Max. Units RF Frequency 500 1960 2500 MHz LO Frequency 600 1750 2700 MHz IF Frequency 45 210 500 MHz LO input level -7 -4 0 dBm Supply voltage 2.7 2.8 4.0 V Conversion Gain 3.0 4.0 dB Input 3rd Order Intercept 6.5 9.0 dBm Supply Current 6.2 8.5 mA Note 1: Test Conditions (devices screened to the above test conditions): Vdd=2.8V, RF=1960MHz, LO=1750MHz, IF=210MHz, LO input=-4dBm, TC = 25°C, unless otherwise specified. Absolute Maximum Ratings Parameter Value Units DC Power Supply 5.0 V Power Dissipation 100 mW Operating Temperature -40 to 85 C Storage Temperature -60 to 150 C Signal level on inputs/outputs +20 dBm Voltage to any non supply pin +.3 V 2 For additional information and latest specifications, see our website: www.triquint.com TQ5M31 Data Sheet Cellular Band Typical Electrical Characteristics Parameter Conditions Min. Typ/Nom Max. Units Conversion Gain 3.5 dB Noise Figure 9.5 dB 3rd 9.0 dBm Input Order Intercept Return Loss Isolation IF Output Impedance Mixer RF input 10 dB Mixer LO input 10 dB RF to IF; after IF match 33 dBm LO to IF; after IF match 40 dBm Mixer “On” 500 Ω Mixer “Off” <50 Ω 4.5 mA Supply Current Note 1: Test Conditions: Vdd=2.8V, RF=881MHz, LO=991MHz, IF=85MHz, LO input=-4dBm, TC = 25°C, unless otherwise specified. PCS Band Typical Electrical Characteristics Parameter Conditions Min. Typ/Nom Max. Units Conversion Gain 4.0 dB Noise Figure 9.5 dB 3rd 9.0 dBm Input Order Intercept Return Loss Isolation IF Output Impedance Supply Current Mixer RF input 10 dB Mixer LO input 10 dB RF to IF; after IF match 33 dBm LO to IF; after IF match 40 dBm Mixer “On” 500 Ω Mixer “Off” <50 Ω 6.0 mA Note 1: Test Conditions: Vdd=2.8V, RF=1960MHz, LO=1750MHz, IF=210MHz, LO input=-4dBm, TC = 25°C, unless otherwise specified. For additional information and latest specifications, see our website: www.triquint.com 3 TQ5M31 Data Sheet Typical Performance/Applications circuit for GIC tuning plots Test Conditions (Unless Otherwise Specified): Vdd=2.8V, Ta=25C, RF=1960MHz, LO=1750MHz, IF=210MHz,Current≈6mA, Gain≈4dB, IIP3≈+10dB Vdd L2 L1 Vdd C1 C3 Vdd IF GIC GND LO RF IF OUT C4 R3 R4 C7 C2 50 ohm LO INPUT 50 ohm RF INPUT Bill of Material for TQ5M31 Downconverter Mixer for GIC tuning plots Component Reference Designator Part Number Value Receiver IC U1 TQ5M31 Capacitor C1 470pF 0402 Capacitor C2 1000pF 0402 Capacitor C3 22pF 0402 Capacitor C4 27pF 0402 Capacitor C7 150 pF 0402 Inductor L1 2.2nH 0402 Inductor L2 39nH 0402 Resistor R3, R4 Select 0402 Conversion Gain, Idd and IIP3 Vs Rbias (Vdd = 2.8v, PLO = - 4dBm) 21 18 15 12 9 6 3 0 -3 -6 Performance CG (dB) Performance Idd (mA) 15 IIP3 (dBm) 10 5 4 30 50 80 110 140 180 Rbias (ohms) 220 260 SOT23-6 TriQuint Semiconductor Gain (dB) OIP3 (dBm) IIP3 (dBm) 100 90 0 10 Manufacturer Performance Vs. Bypass DC Bias Resistance (RF = 1960 MHz, Vdd = 2.8v, PLO = -4 dBm) 25 20 Size 320 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 Variable bypass (R4), total resistance (R3 +R4 = 103 ohm) For additional information and latest specifications, see our website: www.triquint.com 0 TQ5M31 Data Sheet Cellular Band Typical Performance/Applications circuit Test Conditions (Unless Otherwise Specified): Vdd=2.8V, Ta=25C, RF=881MHz, LO=966MHz, LO input –4dBm, IF=85MHz,Current≈9mA, Gain≈9dB, IIP3≈+10dB Vdd C2 L2 L1 Vdd C1 C3 IF GIC GND LO RF C4 R3 R4 C7 IF OUT Vdd 50 ohm LO INPUT 50 ohm RF INPUT Bill of Material for TQ5M31 Downconverter Mixer Cellular band Component Reference Designator Part Number Value Size Manufacturer Receiver IC U1 TQ5M31 SOT23-6 TriQuint Semiconductor Capacitor C1 1000pF 0402 Capacitor C2 1000pF 0402 Capacitor C3 20pF 0402 Capacitor C4 22pF 0402 Capacitor C7 150pF 0402 Inductor L1 2.2nH 0402 Inductor L2 39nH 0402 Resistor R3 3.3ohm 0402 Resistor R4 39ohm 0402 Input IP3 vs. Temperature vs. Frequency Noise Figure vs. Temperature vs. Frequency 11 12 9 IIP3 (dBm) Noise Figure (dB) 10 8 7 -40 C +25 C +85 C 6 5 11 -40 C +25 C +85 C 10 9 4 865 870 875 880 885 Frequency (MHz) 890 895 865 870 875 880 885 890 895 Frequency (MHz) For additional information and latest specifications, see our website: www.triquint.com 5 TQ5M31 Data Sheet Conversion Gain vs. Temperature vs. Frequency Input IP3 vs. LO Drive vs. Frequency 5 13 -40 C +25 C +85 C 12 Gain (dB) IIP3 (dBm) 11 10 9 3 PLO = -7 dBm PLO = -4 dBm PLO = -1 dBm 8 7 2 6 865 870 875 880 885 Frequency (MHz) 890 4 865 895 870 875 880 885 890 895 Frequency (MHz) Conversion Gain vs. LO Drive vs. Frequency Idd vs. Temperature vs. Frequency 4 5.5 Gain (dB) 5 Idd (mA) 4.5 4 3 PLO = -7 dBm PLO = -4 dBm PLO = -1 dBm -40 C +25 C +85 C 3.5 2 3 865 870 875 880 885 890 865 895 870 Frequency (MHz) 875 880 885 Frequency (MHz) 890 895 Conversion Gain vs. Vdd vs. Frequency Idd vs. Vdd vs. Temperature 5 6 5.5 4 Gain (dB) Idd (mA) 5 4.5 4 -40 C +25 C +85 C 3.5 3 3 1.8 v 2.8 v 3.8 v 4.8 v 2 2.5 1 2 1.8 2.8 3.8 4.8 865 870 Vdd (v) 6 For additional information and latest specifications, see our website: www.triquint.com 875 880 885 Frequency (MHz) 890 895 TQ5M31 Data Sheet PCS Band Typical Performance/Applications circuit Test Conditions (Unless Otherwise Specified): Vdd=2.8V, Ta=25C, RF=1960MHz, LO=1750MHz, LO input –4dBm, IF=210MHz,Current≈6mA, Gain≈3dB, IIP3≈+10dB Vdd L2 L1 Vdd C1 C2 C3 IF GIC GND LO RF IF OUT C4 R3 R4 C7 Vdd 50 ohm LO INPUT 50 ohm RF INPUT Bill of Material for TQ5M31 Downconverter Mixer PCS band Component Reference Designator Part Number Receiver IC U1 TQ5M31 Capacitor C1 470pF 0402 Capacitor C2 1000pF 0402 Capacitor C3 22pF 0402 Capacitor C4 27pF 0402 Capacitor C7 150pF 0402 Inductor L1 2.2nH 0402 Inductor L2 39nH 0402 Resistor R3 12ohm 0402 Resistor R4 91ohm 0402 TQ5M31 Performance Value Size Manufacturer SOT23-6 TriQuint Semiconductor Conversion Gain vs. Temperature vs. Frequency 17 5 15 4 11 Gain (dB) Performance 13 IP3_out (dBm) IP3_in (dBm) Idd (mA) C/G(dB) 9 7 3 -40 C +25 C +85 C 2 5 3 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 Frequency (MHz) 1980 1990 1 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 Frequency (MHz) 1980 For additional information and latest specifications, see our website: www.triquint.com 1990 7 TQ5M31 Data Sheet Noise Figure vs. Vdd vs.Temperature Conversion Gain vs. Vdd vs. Frequency 11 5 10 9 NF (dB) Gain (dB) 4 3 1950 1960 1970 Frequency (MHz) 1980 7 -40 C +25 C +85 C 6 1.8 v 2.8 v 3.8 v 4.8 v 2 1940 8 5 4 1.8 1990 2.8 Vdd (v) 3.8 4.8 Noise Figure vs. Temperature vs. Frequency Conversion Gain vs. Vdd vs. Temperature 11 6 10 Noise Figure (dB) Gain (dB) 5 4 3 -40 C +25 C +85 C 2 2.8 3.8 8 7 6 -40 C +25 C +85 C 5 4 1930 1 1.8 9 4.8 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 Frequency (MHz) Vdd (v) Input IP3 vs. Temperature vs. Frequency Conversion Gain vs. LO Drive Level vs. Frequency 13.5 5 13 12.5 IIP3 (dBm) Gain (dB) 4 3 PLO = -7 dBm 2 8 1940 1950 1960 1970 Frequency (MHz) 1980 11.5 11 10.5 10 PLO = -4 dBm -40 C +25 C +85 C 9.5 PLO = -1 dBm 1 1930 12 1990 9 1930 1940 For additional information and latest specifications, see our website: www.triquint.com 1950 1960 1970 Frequency (MHz) 1980 1990 TQ5M31 Data Sheet Input IP3 vs. LO Drive Level vs. Frequency 8 13 PLO = -1 dBm PLO = -4 dBm PLO = -7 dBm 12 7 Idd (mA) IIP3 (dBm) Idd vs. Temperature vs. Frequency 11 6 -40 C +25 C +85 C 5 10 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 Frequency (MHz) 1980 4 1930 1990 14 8 13 7.5 12 7 11 10 1980 1990 6.5 6 -40 C +25 C +85 C 9 1950 1960 1970 Frequency (MHz) Idd vs. Vdd vs. Temperature Idd (mA) IIP3 (dBm) Input IP3 vs. Vdd vs. Temperature 1940 -40 C +25 C +85 C 5.5 8 5 1.8 2.8 3.8 Vdd (v) 4.8 1.8 2.8 3.8 4.8 Vdd (v) For additional information and latest specifications, see our website: www.triquint.com 9 TQ5M31 Data Sheet ISM Band Typical Performance/Applications circuit Test Conditions (Unless Otherwise Specified): Vdd=2.8V, Ta=25C, RF=2443MHz, LO=2203MHz, LO input –4dBm, IF=240MHz,Current≈7mA, Gain≈2.5dB, IIP3≈+9dB Vdd L2 L1 Vdd C1 C2 C3 IF GIC GND LO RF IF OUT C4 R3 R4 C7 Vdd 50 ohm LO INPUT 50 ohm RF INPUT Bill of Material for TQ5M31 Downconverter Mixer PCS band Component Reference Designator Part Number Receiver IC U1 TQ5M31 Capacitor C1 220pF 0402 Capacitor C2 1000pF 0402 Capacitor C3 12pF 0402 Capacitor C4 10pF 0402 Capacitor C7 150pF 0402 Inductor L1 1.8nH 0402 Inductor L2 47nH 0402 Resistor R3 20ohm 0402 Resistor R4 47ohm 0402 ISM Band: Idd vs. Vdd vs. Frequency 10 Converson Gian (dB) Idd (mA) 8 7.5 7 6 2400 Vdd=2.8V Vdd=1.8V Vdd=3.8V Vdd=4.8V 2420 2440 2460 Frequency (MHz) Size Manufacturer SOT23-6 TriQuint Semiconductor ISM band: C/G vs. LO Drive vs. Frequency 8.5 6.5 Value 2480 3.5 3.3 3.1 2.9 2.7 2.5 2.3 2.1 1.9 1.7 1.5 2400 PLO=-7dBm PLO=-4dBm PLO=-1dBm 2420 2440 2460 Frequency (MHz) For additional information and latest specifications, see our website: www.triquint.com 2480 TQ5M31 Data Sheet ISM Band: Conversion Gain vs. Vdd vs. Frequency ISM Band: IIP3 vs. LO Drive Level vs. Frequency 4.5 11 4 Conversion Gain (dB) 10.5 IIP3 (dB) 10 9.5 9 PLO=-1dBm PLO=-4dBm PLO=-7dBm 8.5 8 3 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 7.5 7 2400 3.5 2420 2440 2460 Frequency (MHz) 2480 Vdd=1.8V Vdd=2.8V Vdd=3.8V Vdd=4.8V 0 2400 2410 2420 2430 2440 2450 2460 2470 2480 Frequency (MHz) For additional information and latest specifications, see our website: www.triquint.com 11 TQ5M31 Data Sheet TQ5M31 is a general purpose RFIC mixer downconverter designed for multiple applications. The mixer is implemented with a single common-source GaAs MESFET and is designed to operate with supply voltages from 1.8 to 5 Volts. To use the TQ5M31, tuning components must be selected for the LO buffer amplifier and the mixer IF port. An external shunt inductor on the output of the LO Buffer is needed to resonate with on-chip capacitance to shape the frequency response and roll off unwanted noise which might otherwise be injected into the mixer. The "open-drain" IF output allows for flexibility in matching to various IF frequencies and filter impedances. is selected to resonate with internal capacitance at the L0 frequency in order to roll off out-of-band gain and improve noise performance. This approach allows selectivity in the L0 buffer amplifier along with the ability to use the TQ5M31 with multiple applications. Calculation of Nominal L Value for LO pin The proper inductor value must be determined during the design phase. The internal capacitance at Pin 1 is approximately 1 pF. Stray capacitance on the board surrounding Pin 1 will add to the internal capacitance, so the nominal value of inductance can be calculated, but must be confirmed with measurements on a board approximating the final layout. Access to the GIC pin allows flexibility in Gain, Third Order Intercept, and Power Supply Current. By configuring the GIC pin with one or two external resistors and a capacitor, the part can be used in a wide variety of wireless receiver systems. 1 2 Ground 3 Ground Placement is adjusted between standard inductor values The TQ5M31 is in a miniature, low cost, 6 lead package (SOT-23-6). Total dimensions are 2.9 by 2.8 mm with a height of 1.14 mm. The LO and RF ports have internal DC blocking capacitors and are internally matched to 50Ω . This simplifies the design and keeps the number of external components to a minimum. Applications TQ5M31 General Description Figure 3. LO Tuning The inductor is selected to resonate with the total capacitance at the LO frequency using the following equation: L= 1 , where C = 1.0 pF 2 C(2Π f ) Please refer to the above applications circuit. Verification of Proper LO Buffer Amp Tuning LO Buffer Tune (Pin 1) Using a Network Analyzer The broadband input match of the LO buffer amplifier, may cause thermal and induced noise at other frequencies to be amplified and injected directly into the LO port of the mixer. Noise at the IF frequency, and at (LO +/- IF) frequency will be downconverted and emerge at the IF port, degrading the downconverter noise figure. Procedure: Connect port 1 of the network analyzer to the L0 input (Pin 3) of the TQ5M31 with the source power set to -4 dBm. Connect a coaxial probe to Port 2 of the network analyzer and attach the probe approximately 0.1 inch away from either Pin 1 or the inductor. The magnitude of S21 represents the LO buffer frequency response (figure 4). The output node of the L0 buffer amplifier is brought out to Pin 1 and connected to a shunt inductor to ground. This inductor 12 For additional information and latest specifications, see our website: www.triquint.com TQ5M31 Data Sheet 4] The designer should start with a “reasonably high” capacitor for C7 bypass, typical value 150pF. For an IF in the range of 85 to 210 Mhz, a 150 pF capacitor is acceptable. -30 S21 (dB) -32 -34 -36 -38 -40 -42 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 Frequency (MHz) Figure 4. LO Buffer Response The absolute value isn't important, since it depends on the probe's distance from the pin (it is usually around -30 dB), but the peak of the response should be centered in the middle of the L0 frequency band. Increasing the inductance will lower the center frequency, and vice versa. 5] Note that R3 is the unbypassed resistor on the GIC pin. Since the total resistance for R3+R4 has been chosen, the only parameter to decide is the ratio of R3 to R4. This ratio determines the gain of the mixer. While keeping R3+R4 constant, decreasing R3 while increasing R4 will result in more gain. For maximum gain, R3 can be replaced with a wire, and all of the R3+R4 resistance would reside on R4. This results in a single resistor in parallel with a capacitor on the GIC pin. In general, most applications result in R4 > R3. The designer can determine experimentally in very short order which resistor configuration to use. See performance curves, page 4, “GIC tuning plot”. GIC pin GIC Pin (Pin 2) R3 To tune the TQ-5M31 to a specific Gain, IP3, and DC Current configuration, the designer should follow these steps: 1] Choose the desired OIP3. The OIP3 should be less than 18dBm. 2] Determine how much current is required to achieve the desired OIP3 from table 1. Data presented in these tables are approximate. The designer is only to use these tables as a guideline, keeping in mind that gain roll off will occur at higher RF and IF frequencies. 3] From the same table, determine the required total resistance for the GIC pin (R3+R4) in the figure below. Table 1: OIP3 vs. total resistance (R3+R4) OIP3 (dBm) Idd (mA) Resistance (ohms) 18 15 20 15 7 80 12 5.5 130 9 5 160 6 4 240 3 3.5 320 C7 R4 6] After the components on the GIC pin have been determined, the IF matching should be evaluated. Mixer LO Port (Pin 3) A common gate buffer amplifier between the LO port and the mixer FET gate provides a good impedance for the VCO and to allows operation at lower LO drive levels. The buffer amplifier provides enough voltage gain to drive the gate of the mixer FET while consuming very little current (~1mA). Because of the good broadband 50Ω input impedance of the buffer amplifier, and the internal DC blocking capacitor, the user’s VCO can be directly connected to the LO input via a 50Ω line with no additional components. The physical length of this connection is not critical. For additional information and latest specifications, see our website: www.triquint.com 13 TQ5M31 Data Sheet LO Power Level The TQ5M31 performance is specified with an LO power of -4 dBm. However, satisfactory performance can be achieved with LO drive levels in the range of -7 dBm to 0 dBm. Gain and input IP3 can be traded off by varying the LO input power. At lower LO drive levels, the gain increases and the input IP3 decreases or vise versa. DC current and output IP3 remain approximately constant. Mixer RF (Pin 4) The Mixer RF port of the TQ-5M31 provides a good, broadband match to 50 ohms over the entire RF frequency range. This minimizes IF leakage, and more importantly, prevents noise and unwanted signals at or near the IF frequency from being injected and degrading noise performance. Ground (Pin 5) Connect to an adequate RF and DC ground. Mixer IF Port (Pin 6) The Mixer IF output is an "open-drain" configuration, allowing efficient matching to various filter types at various IF frequencies. An optimum lumped-element matching network must be designed for maximum power gain and output third order intercept. noise or other spurious signals from leaking through the Vdd line onto other ports. In the user's application, the IF output is most commonly connected to a narrow band SAW or crystal filter with impedances from 300 -1000Ω with 1 - 2 pF of capacitance. A conjugate match to the higher filter impedances is generally less sensitive than matching to 50Ω . When verifying or adjusting the matching circuit on the prototype circuit board, the LO drive should be injected at Pin 3 at the nominal power level (-4 dBm), since the LO level affects the IF port impedance. Suggested IF Matching Network There are several networks that can be used to properly match the IF port to the SAW or crystal IF filter. The mixer supply voltage is applied through the IF port, so the matching circuit topology must contain either an RF choke or shunt inductor. The shunt L, series C, shunt C configuration is the simplest and requires the fewest components. DC current can be easily injected through the shunt inductor and the series C provides a DC block, if needed. The shunt C, in particular can be used to improve the return loss and to reduce the LO leakage. While tuning for the IF frequency, one has to consider the source impedance of the IF Amplifier. The IF frequency can be tuned from 45 to 500 MHz by varying component values of the IF output circuit. Pin 6 also provides bias injection. It is recommended that the value of C3 be kept between 12 and 20 pF to optimize the IF match. For good isolation, the value of C4 should be no less than 22 pF. Decoupling components for the power supply are included on the evaluation board. The decoupling components consist of a 10Ω resistor, and 0.01µF shunt capacitors. These components prevent reflected 14 For additional information and latest specifications, see our website: www.triquint.com TQ5M31 Data Sheet Package Pinout MXR VDDLO Buffer tune 1 Gain/IP3/ Current adjust 2 MXR LO TQ5M31 3 6 MIX IF 5 GND 4 MXR RF Pin Descriptions Pin Name Pin # Description and Usage MXR Vdd 1 LO buffer supply voltage. Series inductor required for LO buffer tuning. Local bypass capacitor required. GIC 2 Capacitor and resistor required for Gain/IP3/Current adjust. MXR LO 3 DC blocked mixer LO input. Matched to 50Ω . MXR RF 4 DC blocked mixer RF input. Matched to 50Ω . GND 5 Ground connection. Very important to place multiple via holes immediately adjacent to the pins. Provides thermal path for heat dissipation and RF grounding. MXR IF 6 Mixer open drain IF output. Connection to Vdd required. External matching is required. For additional information and latest specifications, see our website: www.triquint.com 9 TQ5M31 Data Sheet Package Type: SOT23-6 Plastic Package .114 IN + .004 .064 IN + .004 .110 IN + .008 .016 IN TYP .049 IN + 0.008 .006 IN +.004 -.002 .003 IN + .003 .037 IN TYP .018 IN + .004 0-3 Deg All dimensions in inches. Additional Information For latest specifications, additional product information, worldwide sales and distribution locations, and information about TriQuint: Web: www.triquint.com Email: [email protected] Tel: (503) 615-9000 Fax: (503) 615-8900 For technical questions and additional information on specific applications: Email: [email protected] The information provided herein is believed to be reliable; TriQuint assumes no liability for inaccuracies or omissions. TriQuint assumes no responsibility for the use of this information, and all such information shall be entirely at the user's own risk. Prices and specifications are subject to change without notice. No patent rights or licenses to any of the circuits described herein are implied or granted to any third party. TriQuint does not authorize or warrant any TriQuint product for use in life-support devices and/or systems. Copyright © 1998 TriQuint Semiconductor, Inc. All rights reserved. Revision D, March 26, 1999 16 For additional information and latest specifications, see our website: www.triquint.com