WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS DIVISION VDD TQ9223C CNTRL VDD DATA SHEET Mixer LO In Mixer IF out Gain Select Mixer RF In RF In LNA out GND 3V Cellular TDMA/AMPS LNA/mixer Receiver IC Features §+3-V single supply LO Tune §On-chip LO buffer §Mixer LO and RF matched to 50Ω Product Description §Low-cost SO-14 plastic package The TQ9223C 3V RFIC Downconverter is a RF receiver IC front end designed for the high dynamic range cellular communications standards. The TQ9223C provides a 2.8dB system noise figure for excellent sensitivity, and a good signal range with -11dB input IP3. Its low current consumption, single +3V operation and small plastic surface-mount package are ideally suited for cost-competitive, space-limited and portable applications. The TQ9223C will operate over a RF frequency range of 800 to 1000MHz, and therefore may be used for any of the cellular and cordless telephony standards. §Gain Select (high/low) Electrical Specifications1 Applications §Digital Mobile Phones Parameter Min Frequency 800 Typ Max Units §AMPS Mobile Phones 1000 MHz §ISM 900MHz Gain 19.0 dB §Cordless Telephones Noise Figure 2.6 dB §CDPD terminals -11.0 dBm Input 3rd Order Intercept DC supply Current 15.0 mA Note 1: Test Conditions: Vdd=3.75V, Ta=25C, filter IL=3.0dB, RF=881MHz, LO=966MHz, IF=85MHz, LO input=-6dBm For additional information and latest specifications, see our website: www.triquint.com 1 TQ9223C Data Sheet Electrical Characteristics Parameter Conditions Min. RF Frequency Tuned external match LO Frequency IF Frequency Typ/Nom Max. Units 800 1000 MHz Tuned external match 500 1300 MHz Tuned external match 45 300 MHz LO input level -7 -4 0 dBm Supply voltage 3.0 3.75 5.5 V Gain 17.0 19.0 Noise Figure 2.6 Input 3rd Order Intercept Return Loss Isolation dB 3.5 -11.0 dB dBm Mixer RF input 10 dB Mixer LO input 10 dB LO toRF input 45 dB Mixer LO to IF after external match 40 dB Supply Current 15 mA Note 1: Test Conditions:, Vdd=3.75V, Ta=25C, filter IL=3.0dB, RF=881MHz, LO=966MHz, IF=85MHz, LO input=-6dBm: unless otherwise specified. Electrical Characteristics-LNA section only Parameter Conditions Min. Gain Typ/Nom Max. Units 18.5 dB Noise Figure 1.8 dB 3rd -6.0 dBm Reverse Isolation 28.0 dB Supply Current 5.0 mA Input Order Intercept Note 1: Test Conditions:, Vdd=3.75V, Ta=25C, RF=881MHz, external input and output match; unless otherwise specified. 2 For additional information and latest specifications, see our website: www.triquint.com TQ9223C Data Sheet Electrical Characteristics- Mixer section only Parameter Conditions Min. Typ/Nom Max. Units Conversion Gain 3.5 dB Noise Figure 12.0 dB Output 3rd Order Intercept 10.0 dBm Mixer RF Return Loss 15.0 dB Mixer LO Return Loss 10.0 dB LO Input Power -6.0 dBm LO to IF Isolation 40.0 dB LO to RF Isolation 5.0 dB RF to IF Isolation 40.0 dB Supply Current 4.0 mA Note 1: Test Conditions:, Vdd=3.75V, Ta=25C, RF=881MHz, LO=966MHz, IF=85MHz, LO input=-6dBm: unless otherwise specified. Absolute Maximum Ratings Parameter Value Units DC Power Supply 8.0 V RF Input Power +10 dBm Operating Temperature -40 to 85 C Storage Temperature -55 to 150 C For additional information and latest specifications, see our website: www.triquint.com 3 TQ9223C Data Sheet Typical Performance Test Conditions (Unless Otherwise Specified: Vdd=3.75V, Ta=25C, filter IL=3.0dB, RF=881MHz, LO=966MHz, IF=85MHz, LO input=-6dBm 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 Noise Figure v Freq v Temp 5 4.5 Noise Figure (dB) Conversion Gain (dB) Conversion Gain v Freq v Temp -30C +30C +85C 4 -30C +30C +85C 3.5 3 2.5 2 869 881 894 869 881 Freq (MHz) Freq (MHz) 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 Noise Figure v Vdd v Temp 4.5 4 Noise Figure (dB) Conversion Gain (dB) Conversion Gain v Vdd v Temp 894 -30C +30C +85C -30C +30C +85C 3.5 3 2.5 2 2.8 3 3.2 3.4 3.6 3.8 4 4.2 4.4 4.6 4.8 5 2.5 3 3.5 4 Vdd (Volts) Vdd (Volts) TQ9223 Conversion Gain v Temp v Vdd 4.5 5 Noise Figure v Temp v Vdd 4.5 24 4 22 Noise Figure (dB) Conversion Gain (dB) 23 21 20 19 18 3.0V 3.75V 5.0V 17 16 3 3.0V 3.75V 5.0V 2.5 15 2 -30 4 3.5 -10 10 30 Temp (C) 50 70 90 -30 For additional information and latest specifications, see our website: www.triquint.com 0 30 Temp (C) 60 90 TQ9223C Data Sheet IIP3 v Freq v Temp Idd v Vdd v Temp 0.009 -4 -30C +30C +85C 0.008 -8 Idd (A) IIP3 (dBm) -6 -10 0.007 -12 -30C +30C +85C 0.006 -14 -16 0.005 869 881 Freq (MHz) 894 2.5 3 3.5 4 Vdd (Volts) 4.5 5 IIP3 (dBm) IIP3 v Vdd v Temp -6 -7 -8 -9 -10 -11 -12 -13 -14 -15 -16 -30C +30C +85C 2.5 3 3.5 4 Vdd (Volts) 4.5 5 IIP3 v Temp v Vdd IIP3 (dBm) -6 -7 -8 -9 -10 -11 -12 -13 -14 -15 -16 3.0V 3.75V 5.0V -30 0 30 Temp (C) 60 90 For additional information and latest specifications, see our website: www.triquint.com 5 TQ9223C Data Sheet LNA S-Parameters, VDD=3.75V Freq |S11| <S11 |S21| <S21 |S12| <S12 |S22| <S22 0.100 0.99 -5 2.99 172 0.002 93 0.97 -3 0.200 0.98 -11 2.97 165 0.003 87 0.97 -5 0.300 0.97 -16 2.96 158 0.005 84 0.96 -7 0.400 0.95 -22 2.93 150 0.006 81 0.95 -9 0.500 0.94 -27 2.90 143 0.008 79 0.95 -12 0.600 0.91 -33 2.88 136 0.009 75 0.94 -14 0.700 0.89 -39 2.82 129 0.010 74 0.93 -16 0.800 0.86 -44 2.79 122 0.012 71 0.92 -19 0.900 0.83 -50 2.75 114 0.013 68 0.91 -21 1.000 0.80 -56 2.69 107 0.014 66 0.90 -23 1.100 0.77 -61 2.65 101 0.015 64 0.89 -25 1.200 0.74 -67 2.63 94 0.017 61 0.88 -27 1.300 0.70 -72 2.49 86 0.017 59 0.88 -29 1.400 0.67 -78 2.49 81 0.019 58 0.87 -30 1.500 0.63 -84 2.45 73 0.019 55 0.85 -31 1.600 0.60 -91 2.34 67 0.020 54 0.85 -32 1.700 0.56 -98 2.32 61 0.022 53 0.85 -32 1.800 0.52 -105 2.27 53 0.022 51 0.84 -33 1.900 0.48 -114 2.14 47 0.024 51 0.83 -34 2.000 0.44 -123 2.13 41 0.025 48 0.82 -35 LNA Noise Parameters, Vdd=3.75V Freq Fmin Γopt (mag) Γopt (ang) Rnoise 0.500 0.618 0.678 10.7 0.59 0.750 0.791 0.656 27.9 0.51 0.900 1.102 0.573 34.3 0.45 1.225 1.311 0.548 48.4 0.42 1.575 1.292 0.522 63.5 0.38 1.900 1.408 0.429 73.6 0.30 6 For additional information and latest specifications, see our website: www.triquint.com TQ9223C Data Sheet Mixer S-Parameters, 3.75V Freq (GHz) RF IN |S11| RF IN <S11 LO IN |S11| LO IN <S11 0.500 0.41 -22 0.12 140 0.600 0.42 -20 0.30 59 0.700 0.42 -23 0.47 28 0.800 0.41 -26 0.57 4 0.900 0.40 -30 0.61 -16 1.000 0.39 -34 0.61 -34 1.100 0.39 -38 0.58 -50 1.200 0.37 -42 0.55 -65 1.300 0.37 -47 0.51 -80 1.400 0.36 -52 0.46 -96 1.500 0.35 -57 0.43 -113 1.600 0.34 -63 0.42 -130 1.700 0.33 -70 0.41 -146 1.800 0.32 -77 0.42 -160 1.900 0.32 -85 0.44 -172 2.000 0.32 -93 0.46 180 Mixer S-Parameters, 3.75V Freq (GHz) Mixer IF Out |S11| Mixer IF Out <S11 0.045 0.988 0.6 0.085 0.983 1.8 0.125 0.981 2.8 0.165 0.981 3.8 0.205 0.980 4.8 0.255 0.981 6.0 0.295 9.981 6.9 For additional information and latest specifications, see our website: www.triquint.com 7 TQ9223C Data Sheet Application/Test Circuit C4 R4 Vdd L5 C8 Mixer LO In 1 14 Mixer IF Out C9 L4 R3 Vdd 2 13 C3 3 12 C2 R2 4 11 5 10 6 9 7 8 Mixer RF In C1 Gain Select R1 C7 C6 RF In C10 L3 LNA Out L1 R5 L2 C5 Vdd Bill of Material for TQ5121 Receiver Application/Test Circuit Component Reference Designator Part Number Receiver IC U1 TQ9223C Value Size Manufacturer SO-14 TriQuint Semiconductor Capacitor C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6 0.01uF 0402 Capacitor C7 1.2pFpF 0402 Capacitor C8 6.0pF 0402 Capacitor C9 15pF 0402 Capacitor C10 2.7pF 0402 Inductor L1 6.8nH 0402 Inductor L2 8.2nH 0402 Inductor L3 33nH 0402 Inductor L4 12nH 0402 Inductor L5 470nH 0402 Resitor R1, R2, R3,R4, R5 10 ohm 0603 8 For additional information and latest specifications, see our website: www.triquint.com TQ9223C Data Sheet TQ9223C Product Description The TQ9223C efficiently integrates a low-noise amplifier and high-intercept mixer, with performance equal to a discrete implementation, through use of circuit techniques from monolithic and discrete design practices. The LNA consists of a common-source amplifier cascoded to a common-gate amplifier using a DC-stacked topology. The same DC current flows through both stages. An external noise match is used to achieve optimum noise figure. LNA input and output matching is performed with PC boards microstrip lines or lumped-element surface-mount components, using simple, well understood networks. The mixer is implemented as a “cascode”stage operating like a dual-gate FET mixer. A common-gate LO buffer provides the necessary gain to drive the mixer FET gate and establishes a good input match. The on-chip buffer amplifier allows for direct connection to a commercial VCO at drive levels down to –6dBm. An “open collector”IF output allows for flexibility, matching to various IFs and filter types. Internally, the downconverter has internal capacitance from Vdd to ground for RF decoupling of the supply line. This should be augmented with additional decoupling capacitance: 1000pF connected externally within 5mm of the package pin. A 10-ohm series resistor in the Vdd line may also be added (optionally) to provide some filtering of supply line noise. Connections to ground should go directly to a low-impedance ground plane. Therefore, it is recommended that multiple via holes to the ground plane occur within 2mm on the inside of the package. LNA Input Interfacing (Pin 6) The TQ9223C LNA was designed for low-noise operation. It makes use of an optimum noise-matching network at the input, not a conjugate match, as would be used for maximum power transfer. Gamma optimum is referenced from the LNA input into the noise-match network in series with 50 ohms. The gamma optimum and the noise parameters for selected frequencies are shown in the LNA Noise Parameters table. Operation There are several options for the physical realization of gamma optimum: a series-shunt inductor microstrip transmission line network or a series capacitor/shunt inductor. The microstrip transmission lines can easily be constructed on FR-4 or G-10 circuit boards, using standard design techniques. The lumpedelement components are surface-mount elements designed for RF use. It is important that the board-level circuit establishes an impedance of gamma optimum, measured at the solder pad of pin 6. Proper board design for gamma optimum eliminates the need for tuning adjustments and produces a low-noise circuit, which is tolerant of component variations. Please refer to the test circuit above. LNA Out (Pin 9) Gain Select (Pin 5) The TQ9223C low-noise amplifier requires external output matching to transform the amplifier's output impedance to the The two topologies efficiently use the supply current for lowpower operation, approximately 10mA with a 3V supply. The overall circuit provides a distinct performance edge over silicon monolithic designs in terms of input intercept, noise figure and gain. Specifically, the circuit was intended for use in the following applications: cellular (AMPS, GSM, JDC, ETACS, etc.) and ISM band (902 – 928 MHz) In a strong signal environment, the LNA can be shut down by applying 0V to pin 5. The result is that the LNA gain decreases from a nominal of +18dB to –19dB. The current in the LNA decreases to 1mA. In addition, the input IP3 for the LNA increases from –6dBm to +5dBm, and for the downconverter from –11dBm to –7.5dBm. Power Supply Connection The TQ9223C was designed to operate within specifications over the power supply range of 3.0 to 5.5V. The internal biasing maintains stable operating points with varying supply voltage. desired system impedance (typically 50Ω) and to provide a DC bias path. The recommended output matching circuit is illustrated in the figure above and consists of a shunt low-Q chip inductor and a series chip capacitor. The inductor provides a path for DC current to flow into the amplifier while simultaneously operating as the first element in the impedance transforming filter. The series capacitor acts as a block to DC current and operates as the final element in the impedance transforming filter. For additional information and latest specifications, see our website: www.triquint.com 9 TQ9223C Data Sheet A number of inductor/capacitor values can be selected that will effectively transform the LNA output impedance to the system impedance. The actual values selected will be governed by the trade-off between optimum impedance match and maximum IP3 match. Mixer RF Input (Pin 11) The mixer RF input is matched close to 50 ohms and is internally DC-blocked. Pin 11 may be directly connected to the filter output. The filter must be as close as possible to the mixer RF input to maintain the proper termination impedance at the LO frequency. Include a shunt inductor of 33nH at the mixer RF input to improve the mixer noise performance by providing a short to ground at the IF frequency. This provides a secondary benefit of slightly improved input match. Mixer LO Input (Pin 1) The mixer LO input is matched close to 50 ohms and is internally DC-blocked. Pin 1 may be directly connected to the LO input signal. A level greater than –6dBm is recommended. Standard VCO outputs of –2dBm work well. measurement. This “tuning”needs to be done only in design, not in production. Mixer IF Interfacing The mixer IF port is a high-impedance, open-drain output. The impedance is a few K ohms in parallel with less than 1pF capacitance. The IF port S-parameters (S11) are listed in the table over the frequency range of 45MHz to 250MHz. It is possible to use IFs above and below this range: however, at low frequencies the noise increases, and at high frequencies the LO/IF, RF/IF isolation decreases. The open-drain output permits matching to any chosen filter impedance. In general, a conjugate impedance match is recommended on this port to achieve best power gain, noise figure and output 3rd-order intercept. It is also important to properly center the tuned circuit at the desired IF. This maximizes circuit robustness to component tolerances. For proper mixer operation, pin 14, the open-drain output, must also be biased to Vdd. A practical matching network, which includes biasing, is shown. LO Tuning (Pin 13) A shunt L on pin 13 resonates with some internal capacitance to produce a bandpass frequency response of the LO buffer amplifier. This attenuates noise at +/- one IF frequency away from the LO frequency. The approximate value of L is determined by the following equation: L=1/C (2πf)2, where C=2.2pF In practice, the value (and/or placement) of L should be empirically determined for a particular layout, since stray capacitance on the PCB layout can move the resident frequency from the expected ideal. The actual value of L should be adjusted until the buffer response (pin 1-> pin 13) produces a peak at the LO frequency. A measurement of the response may be accomplished with a simple coaxial probe “sniffer,”in which the end is positioned 50 – 100 mils from the inductor at pin 13. The frequency response of the LO buffer amplifier (pin 13) is directly measured on the network analyzer as the LO input (pin 1) is swept in frequency. The LO drive level should be set at approximately the operating level (-6 to -3dBm) for this 10 For additional information and latest specifications, see our website: www.triquint.com TQ9223C Data Sheet Package Pinout Mixer LO input 1 14 GND 2 13 LO Tune Mixer Vdd 3 12 GND CNRTL Vdd 4 11 Gain Select 5 10 GND LNA RF Input 6 9 LNA Output 7 8 GND GND Mixer IF Output Mixer RF Input Pin Descriptions Pin Name Pin # Mixer LO IN 1 Mixer LO input. Matched to 50Ω. Internally DC blocked. Mixer Vdd 3 Mixer LO buffer Vdd. Bypass cap required. CNTRL Vdd 4 LNA gain select control Vdd. Bypass cap required. Gain Select 5 LNA gain select line. Logic HIGH = high gain, logic LOW = low gain RF IN 6 LNA RF Input port. Noise matching required. External DC blocking required. LNA Out 9 LNA Output port. Open drain output requires connection to Vdd and optimal impedance matching. Mixer RF IN 11 Mixer RF Input port. Matched to 50Ω. Internally DC blocked. LO Tune 13 LO buffer tuning, inductor to ground. Mixer IF Out 14 Mixer IF signal port. Open drain output requires connection to Vdd and impedance matching to load. GND 2,7,8, 10,12 Description and Usage Ground connection. Keep physically short for stability and performance. Use several via holes immediately adjacent to the pins down to backside ground plane. For additional information and latest specifications, see our website: www.triquint.com 11 TQ9223C Data Sheet Package Type: SO-14 Plastic Package Dimensions in inches Additional Information For latest specifications, additional product information, worldwide sales and distribution locations, and information about TriQuint: Web: www.triquint.com Email: [email protected] Tel: (503) 615-9000 Fax: (503) 615-8900 For technical questions and additional information on specific applications: Email: [email protected] The information provided herein is believed to be reliable; TriQuint assumes no liability for inaccuracies or omissions. TriQuint assumes no responsibility for the use of this information, and all such information shall be entirely at the user's own risk. Prices and specifications are subject to change without notice. No patent rights or licenses to any of the circuits described herein are implied or granted to any third party. TriQuint does not authorize or warrant any TriQuint product for use in life-support devices and/or systems. Copyright © 1998 TriQuint Semiconductor, Inc. All rights reserved. Revision C,April 9, 1999 12 For additional information and latest specifications, see our website: www.triquint.com