Preliminary Datasheet GREEN MODE PWM CONTROLLER AP3102/V/L General Description Features The AP3102/V/L series is a green-mode PWM controller with low start-up current. At normal operation, the switching frequency is externally programmable and trimmed to tight range, the frequency dithering technique is also equipped to improve the EMI performance. When the load is very low or zero, the IC enters green mode and skip mode to minimize switching loss. In skip mode, the PWM switching frequency is about 20kHz to avoid the audible noise and reduce the standby loss. · · · · · · · · · The AP3102/V/L series features a lot of functions such as the Leading-Edge Blanking (LEB) of the current sensing, internal slope compensation, line compensation, and several protection functions including cycleby-cycle current limit (OCP), over voltage protection (VCC or line voltage), OTP, OLP and brownout protection. · · The AP3102/V/L series provides 3 different versions with optional protection functions. AP3102 has external trigger latch shutdown only (VOVP and OLP are auto recoverable). AP3102V supports both VOVP and external latch shutdown. AP3102L provides latch shutdown control for VOVP, OLP and external trigger. · · Bi-CMOS Process with Excellent Performance Very Low Start-up Current: 5µA typical Current Mode Control Non-audible-noise Green Mode Control Frequency Foldback for High Average Efficiency Internal Slope Compensation Programmable Brownout Protection Programmable Line Compensation Useful Pin Fault Protection: SENSE Pin Floating RI Pin Short to Ground RI Pin Floating Smart Latch/Auto-recoverable Protection Option Comprehensive Protection Feature: VCC Over Voltage Protection (VOVP) Line Over Voltage Protection (LOVP) Over Temperature Protection (OTP) Over Load Protection (OLP) Internal Soft Start Function During Start-up 500mA Gate Output Current Capability Applications · · · This IC is available in SOIC-8 and DIP-8 packages. SOIC-8 Switching AC-DC Adapter LCD Monitor/TV Power Open Frame Switching Power Supply DIP-8 Figure 1. Package Types of AP3102/V/L Jan. 2010 Rev. 1. 2 BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited 1 Preliminary Datasheet GREEN MODE PWM CONTROLLER AP3102/V/L Pin Configuration M Package (SOIC-8) P Package (DIP-8) GND 1 8 GATE FB 2 7 VCC BOK 3 6 SENSE RI 4 5 ADJ GND 1 8 GATE FB 2 7 VCC BOK 3 6 SENSE RI 4 5 ADJ Figure 2. Pin Configuration of AP3102/V/L (Top View) Pin Description Pin Number Pin Name 1 GND 2 FB Function Signal ground. Current return for driver and control circuits Feedback. Directly connected to the opto-coupler Brownout Protection Pin. Connected to a resistor divider from the ground to bulk capacitor for setting the brownout level and line compensation. When the voltage of this pin is lower than 0.5V and lasts 35ms, the PWM signal will be off and system enters the auto recoverable protection mode (hiccup mode). Moreover this pin is also for the line OVP (trigger level is 4V) and line compensation (compensate the current sense for over load protection.) 3 BOK 4 RI 5 ADJ 6 SENSE 7 VCC Supply voltage of driver and control circuits 8 GATE Gate driver output Set the bias current to determine the normal switching frequency To adjust the level of skip cycle. When its value is greater than 4.5V, the system will be latched Current sense Jan. 2010 Rev. 1. 2 BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited 2 Preliminary Datasheet GREEN MODE PWM CONTROLLER AP3102/V/L Functional Block Diagram 16.2V 8.8V 7 UVLO Internal 4 Bias VCC 155oC VDD 33V 28V Latch OVP Control Logic (Note*) OVP OLP OTP Latch OVP OLP Disable BOK OTP Protect Logic Driver 4.5V Latch ADJ D OSC 4V Disable OLP 1µA µ 3 5K FB 2 2R BOK 1.1V R GND 1 0.9V 0.5V 0.85V 2mS Soft Start LEB Note* GATE Q 5V 55k 8 15V CLK RB 25µA µ 5 RI Latch OVP Latch Control Logic for AP3102 Control Logic for AP3102 V BOK 5V 6 SENSE Latch OVP OLP Control Logic for AP3102 L Figure 3. Functional Block Diagram of AP3102/V/L Jan. 2010 Rev. 1. 2 BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited 3 Preliminary Datasheet GREEN MODE PWM CONTROLLER AP3102/V/L Ordering Information AP3102 G1: Green Circuit Type TR: Tape and Reel Blank: Tube Product Version* Blank: AP3102 V: AP3102V L: AP3102L Package Temperature Range Package M: SOIC-8 P: DIP-8 Part Number Marking ID AP3102M-G1 SOIC-8 DIP-8 -40 to 85oC o -40 to 85 C Packing Type 3102M-G1 Tube AP3102MTR-G1 3102M-G1 Tape & Reel AP3102VM-G1 3102VM-G1 Tube AP3102VMTR-G1 3102VM-G1 Tape & Reel AP3102LM-G1 3102LM-G1 Tube AP3102LMTR-G1 3102LM-G1 Tape & Reel AP3102P-G1 AP3102P-G1 Tube AP3102VP-G1 AP3102VP-G1 Tube AP3102LP-G1 AP3102LP-G1 Tube BCD Semiconductor's products, as designated with "G1" suffix in the part number, are RoHS compliant and Green. * Product Version Classification (with Different Protection Functions) Product Version External Trigger by ADJ VOVP Output Short (OLP) AP3102 Latch Auto-Recoverable Auto-Recoverable AP3102V Latch Latch Auto-Recoverable AP3102L Latch Latch Latch Jan. 2010 Rev. 1. 2 BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited 4 Preliminary Datasheet GREEN MODE PWM CONTROLLER AP3102/V/L Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1) Parameter Power Supply Voltage Gate Output Current Input Voltage to FB, SENSE pin Input Voltage to RI, ADJ pin Symbol Value Unit VCC 30 V IO 500 mA VFB, VSENSE -0.3 to 7 V VRI, VADJ -0.3 to 7 V DIP-8 83 SOIC-8 186 DIP-8 1359 SOIC-8 550 Thermal Resistance Junction to Ambient θJA Power Dissipation and Thermal Characteristic, SENSE at TA<25oC PD Operating Junction Temperature TJ -40 to150 TSTG 150 oC ESD (Human Body Model) 2500 V ESD (Machine Model) 250 V Storage Temperature Range o C/W mW o C Note 1: Stresses greater than those listed under "Absolute Maximum Ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under "Recommended Operating Conditions" is not implied. Exposure to "Absolute Maximum Ratings" for extended periods may affect device reliability. Recommended Operating Conditions Parameter Supply Voltage Ambient Operating Temperature Range Symbol Min Max Unit VCC 10 25 V TA -40 85 o Jan. 2010 Rev. 1. 2 C BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited 5 Preliminary Datasheet GREEN MODE PWM CONTROLLER AP3102/V/L Electrical Characteristics VCC=16V, TA=25oC, unless otherwise specified. Parameter Symbol Conditions Min Typ Max Unit 5 15 µA Supply Voltage (VCC Pin) Start-up Current ISTART-UP VCC=14.8V VFB=0V, CL=1nF 1.5 2.5 3.5 VFB=3V, CL=1nF 2 3 4 UVLO (on) 15.2 16.2 17.2 V UVLO (off) 7.8 8.8 9.8 V VCC OVP 27 28.5 30 V 34 V V Operating Supply Current ICC VCC Clamp ICC=5mA De-Latch VCC 4.5 6 7.5 70 75 80 mA PWM Section/Oscillator Section Maximum Duty Cycle Minimum Duty Cycle 0 % Oscillation Frequency RRI=26kΩ 60 Frequency in Skip Mode RRI=26kΩ 22 Frequency Temperature Stability -40oC to 85oC 5 % Frequency Voltage Stability VCC=12V to 30V 3 % 65 70 kHz ±6 Frequency Dithering kHz % Current Sense Section (SENSE Pin) VBOK=0.95V 0.75 0.8 0.85 VBOK=2.76V 0.63 0.68 0.73 LEB Time of SENSE 150 250 350 ns Delay to Output 50 150 250 ns Maximum SENSE Voltage VCS Soft-start Time 2 V ms Feedback Input Section (FB Pin) The Ratio of Input Voltage to Current Sense Voltage Input Impedance Source Current Input Voltage for Zero Duty VADJ=0V Jan. 2010 Rev. 1. 2 2.5 3 3 4.5 3.5 V/V 6 kΩ -2 mA 1.2 V BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited 6 Preliminary Datasheet GREEN MODE PWM CONTROLLER AP3102/V/L Electrical Characteristics (Continued) VCC=16V, TA=25oC, unless otherwise specified. Parameter Symbol Conditions Min Typ Max Unit Output Section (GATE Pin) Output Low Level IO=50mA, VCC=12V Output High Level IO=50mA, VCC=12V 1 8.5 Output Clamping V V 13 15 17 V Rising Time CL=1nF, VCC=13V 150 250 350 ns Falling Time CL=1nF, VCC=13V 30 50 90 ns Brownout Protection (BOK Pin) Brownout Turn-on 0.85 0.9 0.95 Brownout Turn-off 0.45 0.5 0.55 5.5 6.2 6.9 V 4.5 V Clamp Voltage on BOK IBOK=1mA Line Compensation Ratio V 0.055 Line OVP Voltage 3.5 4 Skip Cycle Section (ADJ Pin) Source Current 10 25 45 µA Latch Trigger Voltage 4.2 4.5 4.8 V Clamp Voltage on ADJ 4 5 6 V Input Impedance 35 50 65 kΩ Over-Temperature Protection Section Shutdown Temperature 155 oC Temperature Hysteresis 25 oC Delay Time Section Delay 1 of Protection Output short and OLP, BOK pin trigger for turning off Delay 2 of Protection ADJ, VCC OVP, Line OVP BOK pin trigger for turning on Jan. 2010 Rev. 1. 2 25 35 25 45 ms µs BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited 7 Preliminary Datasheet GREEN MODE PWM CONTROLLER AP3102/V/L Typical Performance Characteristics 17.0 9.9 16.8 9.7 Shutdown Voltage (V) Start-up Voltage (V) 16.6 16.4 16.2 16.0 15.8 15.6 15.4 9.3 9.1 8.9 8.7 8.5 8.3 15.2 15.0 -40 9.5 8.1 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 -40 120 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 o o Ambient Temperature ( C) Ambient Temperature ( C) Figure 5. Shutdown Voltage vs. Ambient Temperature Figure 4. Start-up Voltage vs. Ambient Temperature 4 8 Operation Current (mA) 7 Start-up Current (µA) 6 5 4 3 2 3 2 1 1 0 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 0 -40 120 o Ambient Temperature ( C) -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 o Ambient Temperature ( C) Figure 6. Start-up Current vs. Ambient Temperature Figure 7. Operation Current vs. Ambient Temperature Jan. 2010 Rev. 1. 2 BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited 8 Preliminary Datasheet GREEN MODE PWM CONTROLLER AP3102/V/L Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued) 0.86 1.00 0.98 At VBOK=0.95V 0.84 0.94 0.80 0.92 VBOK (V) Maximum VCS (V) 0.96 0.82 0.78 0.90 0.88 0.76 0.86 0.74 0.84 0.72 0.70 -40 0.82 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 0.80 -40 120 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 o o Ambient Temperature ( C) Ambient Temperature ( C) Figure 9. VBOK vs. Ambient Temperature Figure 8. Maximum VCS vs. Ambient Temperature 200 30.00 180 fOSC Typical 29.75 29.50 140 29.25 fOSC (kHz) VCC OVP Voltage (V) 160 29.00 28.75 120 100 80 60 28.50 40 28.25 28.00 -40 20 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 10 140 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 Bias Resistor (kΩ) o Ambient Temperature ( C) Figure 10. VCC OVP Voltage vs. Ambient Temperature Jan. 2010 Rev. 1. 2 Figure 11. Oscillation Frequency vs. Bias Resistor BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited 9 Preliminary Datasheet GREEN MODE PWM CONTROLLER AP3102/V/L Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued) 8.0 90 fOSC Typical VCC Start-up Current (µA) fOSC (kHz) 80 70 60 50 40 -40 6.0 4.0 2.0 0.0 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 0 4 8 12 16 VCC (V) o Ambient Temperature ( C) Figure 13. VCC Start-up Current vs. VCC Voltage Figure 12. Oscillation Frequency vs. Ambient Temperature (R8=27kΩ) 4 ICC (mA) 3 2 1 0 0 4 8 12 16 20 24 VCC (V) Figure 14. Operation Current vs. VCC Voltage Jan. 2010 Rev. 1. 2 BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited 10 Preliminary Datasheet GREEN MODE PWM CONTROLLER AP3102/V/L Operation Description The AP3102/V/L is specifically designed for off-line AC-DC power supply used in LCD monitor, notebook adapter and battery charger applications. It offers a cost effective solution with versatile protection functions for system designer. Start-up Current and UVLO The start-up current of AP3102/V/L is optimized to realize ultra low current (5µA typical) so that VCC capacitor can be charged more quickly. The direct benefit of low start-up current is the availability of using large start-up resistor, which minimizes the resistor power loss for high voltage AC input. An UVLO comparator is included in AP3102/V/L to detect the voltage on the VCC pin. It ensures AP3102/ V/L to draw adequate energy from hold-up capacitor during power on. The turn-on threshold is 16V and the turn-off threshold is 10V. Oscillator The oscillation frequency is programmed by the value of resistor R8, connected from pin RI to ground. The resistor will make a constant current source to determine the oscillation frequency by charging and discharging an internal capacitor. The oscillation frequency can be expressed as: f ≈ relation between peak inductor current (IPK) and VFB is: I PK = (VFB − 0.9) / 3RS Abnormal operating conditions occur when the power supply output is overloaded or the output voltage sensing is lost. Under these conditions, the current sense comparator threshold will be internally clamped to a value related to the value of VBOK. As VBOK value is proportional to the input line voltage, the constant over load protection can be achieved by compensating the delay time effect from the input line. The maximum peak switch current is: I PK ( MAX ) = (0.85 − 0.055 × VBOK ) / RS Leading-edge Blanking A narrow spike on the leading edge of the current waveform can usually be observed when the power MOSFET is turned on. A 250ns leading-edge blank is built-in to prevent the false-triggering caused by the turn-on spike. During this period, the current limit comparator is disabled and the gate driver can not be switched off. A resistor is usually connected to the current sense pin to avoid the PCB trace interference and it also can adjust the inductor peak current tinily by the resistance. Of course, adding a RC filter to CS pin is better to attenuate any unexpected noise. Built-in Slope Compensation 1720 (kHz ) R8(kΩ) It is well known that a continuous current mode SMPS may become unstable when the duty cycle exceeds 50%. The built-in slope compensation can improve the stability, so there is no need for design engineer to spend much time on that. The recommended oscillation frequency is 40 to 130 kHz from the EMI consideration. Current Sense Comparator and PWM Latch AP3102/V/L operates as a current mode controller; the output switch conduction is initiated by every oscillator cycle and terminated when the peak inductor current reaches the threshold level established by the FB pin. The inductor current signal is converted to a voltage signal by inserting a reference sense resistor RS. The inductor current under normal operating conditions is controlled by the voltage at FB pin, the Jan. 2010 Rev. 1. 2 FB Pin and Short Circuit Protection This pin is normally connected to the opt-coupler and always paralleled with a capacitor for loop compensation. When the voltage at this pin is great than 4.2V (such as output short to ground or the optcoupler is broken) and lasts for about 35ms, the IC will enter the protection mode. For AP3102, the system will enter hiccup mode to wait the VCC decreasing to low UVLO level, then the IC will try to restart until the failure removed. For AP3102V, the IC will be latched unless unplugging the AC socket. Moreover, if the BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited 11 Preliminary Datasheet GREEN MODE PWM CONTROLLER AP3102/V/L Operation Description (Continued) ADJ Pin and Green Mode Operation voltage is less than 0.7V, the IC will stop the drive pulse immediately. Therefore, this feature can be used for short circuit protection, which makes the system immune from catastrophic failure. Low standby loss is the main requirement for AC-DC off line power supply. The AP3102/V/L has a green mode operation to improve the light load or no load efficiency. When the load power becomes low and VFB decreases to the threshold value, the IC will enter the green mode which means the switching frequency will decrease with the load decrease. And when the load power becomes more lower, the IC will operate at the skip mode to reduce switching loss , core loss and other high frequency loss due to blanking the driver. In skipping mode, the high frequency pulses is about 25kHz for the best standby performance. Brown-out and BOK Pin The switching converter normally has a suitable input range thus make the switching component operate under the safe operation condition. Too low or too high input will bring large heat shock or voltage spike on the switching device. Brown-out and line OVP function will avoid the supply to be worked in the unwanted condition such as below minimum and over maximum line voltage. The internal BOK connection is shown as the figure below: VCB OVP 4V 1 µA Disable 3 OCP BOK 0.85V BOK 0 .9V 0 .5V 5 Skip Cycle + R1 UVLO BOK 5V ADJ 25µA Driver Control Circuit RADJ 2R Slope Compensation R2 A 2 FB R LEB 6 SENSE 0.85V 6 SENSE The VADJ threshold is adjustable by changing the external resistor connected from pin ADJ to the ground. Adjusting the VADJ voltage can optimize the standby power and audible noise for most applications. From the figure, it is seen that the BOK is connected to the OCP comparator and used as feedforward to the VCS_MAX (Refer to current sense comparator description). The VBOK range for enable IC is 0.9 to 3.0V and disable range is under 0.5V or over than 4V. When VBOK is over than 4V (line OVP) or under 0.5V (brown-out trigger), the IC enters the auto-recoverable protection. The ratio of R1/R2 is used to adjust the line voltage divider value. Another function of ADJ pin is to use it as the latch trigger input. When the voltage at this pin is over than 4.5V, the system will be latched by limiting the VCC to a lower voltage. If the IC is started from bulk capacitor through resistor, the system will be latched until the bulk voltage decreases to a very low value just like unplugged the AC input. Then, the IC latch current can't be maintained and latch will be released (see description below). This function can be used as system OTP and other protection.. 4V HV VON HV OK Range VOFF VCC UVLO No Gate Output 35mS No Gate No Gate Output Jan. 2010 Rev. 1. 2 System Protection Protection and Pin Fault AP3102/V/L provides versatile system and pin fault BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited 12 Preliminary Datasheet GREEN MODE PWM CONTROLLER AP3102/V/L Operation Description (Continued) floating and short connection. The floating pin protection include the RI, SENSE, FB, etc; the short pin protection includes the RI pin short protection. When these pins are floated or RI pin is shorted to ground, PWM switching will be disabled, thus protect the power system. Figure 15 shows the relative timing sequences of system protections. protections. The OCP comparator realizes the cycleby-cycle current limiting (OCP). Cooperating with BOK compensation from the input line voltage, the IC realizes the constant over load protection (OLP). VCC over voltage protection can be applied as the primary OVP or opt-coupler broken protection. The AP3102/V/ L also has pin fault connection protection including Line OVP & Brown-Out Output Short VCC OVP (AP3102) Vo VBOK VFB 4V 4.2V 25µS 35mS 0.5V 28V 25µS 35mS VCC UVLO Gate drive Auto Recoverable Protection Mode Latch through ADJ Pin Output Short (AP3102L) Vo VFB 4V >25µS VADJ VCC 4.2V 35mS VADJ VCC OVP (AP3102V, AP3102L) 28V 25µS UVLO UVLO Gate drive De-latch Point Latch until unplug AC Latch Protection Mode Figure 15. Typical Timing Sequences of AP3102/V/L Protections Jan. 2010 Rev. 1. 2 BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited 13 Preliminary Datasheet GREEN MODE PWM CONTROLLER AP3102/V/L Typical Application R9 10 VCB BD1 CX1 C1 100µF J1 C2 2nF R2 100k R1 2M C3 3.3 µF 12V/3A Q1 7N60 1k R6 0.55 R7 18 k 7 5 6 VCC SENSE FB 1 2 B OK 3 CY R12 4.7 k ADJ Q2 AZ431 R13 620 RI 4 R10 20 k R11 5.1 k U1 AP3102 GND J2 C7 470 µF C8 0.1µF C9 0.1 µF R4 10 M L2 8µH R3 3.9 C4 47 µF R14 8 D3 C 10 1000µF R4 20 GATE T D1 FR107 D2 D4 C9 1nF R8 27k U2 P817 R5 82k C5 10nF C6 6.8nF 4 1 3 2 Figure 16. Typical Application Circuit Using AP3102 Jan. 2010 Rev. 1. 2 BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited 14 Preliminary Datasheet GREEN MODE PWM CONTROLLER AP3102/V/L Mechanical Dimensions DIP-8 Unit: mm(inch) 0.700(0.028) 7.620(0.300)TYP 1.524(0.060) TYP 6° 3.200(0.126) 3.600(0.142) 3.710(0.146) 4.310(0.170) 4° 4° 0.510(0.020)MIN 3.000(0.118) 3.600(0.142) 0.204(0.008) 0.360(0.014) 8.200(0.323) 9.400(0.370) 0.254(0.010)TYP 0.360(0.014) 0.560(0.022) 5° 6° 2.540(0.100) TYP 0.130(0.005)MIN 6.200(0.244) 6.600(0.260) R0.750(0.030) Φ3.000(0.118) Depth 0.100(0.004) 0.200(0.008) 9.000(0.354) 9.400(0.370) Note: Eject hole, oriented hole and mold mark is optional. Jan. 2010 Rev. 1. 2 BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited 15 Preliminary Datasheet GREEN MODE PWM CONTROLLER AP3102/V/L Mechanical Dimensions (Continued) SOIC-8 4.700(0.185) 5.100(0.201) 7° Unit: mm(inch) 0.320(0.013) 1.350(0.053) 1.750(0.069) 8° 8° 7° 0.675(0.027) 0.725(0.029) D 5.800(0.228) 1.270(0.050) 6.200(0.244) TYP D 20:1 0.300(0.012) R0.150(0.006) 0.100(0.004) 0.800(0.031) 0.200(0.008) 0° 8° 1.000(0.039) 3.800(0.150) 4.000(0.157) 0.330(0.013) 0.510(0.020) 0.190(0.007) 0.250(0.010) 0.900(0.035) 1° 5° R0.150(0.006) 0.450(0.017) 0.800(0.031) Note: Eject hole, oriented hole and mold mark is optional. Jan. 2010 Rev. 1. 2 BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited 16 BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited http://www.bcdsemi.com IMPORTANT NOTICE IMPORTANT NOTICE BCD Semiconductor BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Manufacturing Limited Limited reserves reserves the the right right to to make make changes changes without without further further notice notice to to any any products products or or specifispecifications herein. cations herein. BCD BCD Semiconductor Semiconductor Manufacturing Manufacturing Limited Limited does does not not assume assume any any responsibility responsibility for for use use of of any any its its products products for for any any particular purpose, particular purpose, nor nor does does BCD BCD Semiconductor Semiconductor Manufacturing Manufacturing Limited Limited assume assume any any liability liability arising arising out out of of the the application application or or use use of any of any its its products products or or circuits. circuits. 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