Flat panel sensor C9728DK-10 For diffraction, cassette type with USB 2.0 interface Photodiode area: 52.8 × 52.8 mm The C9728DK-10 is a high detection capability digital X-ray image sensor newly developed as a key device for X-ray diffractometers less than 18 keV. The device shape is thin cassette which incorporates on-chip high-resolution scintillator and a control board. An on-board USB 2.0 interface can realize fast data transfer with the C9728DK-10. Features Applications Active pixels readout *1 Diffraction Low noise: 80 electrons Radiography 1032 × 1032 pixels (50 μm pitch) High resolution *1: The amplifier integrated in each pixel converts charge to voltage. Since the amplifier input capacitance is small compared to the passive pixel type, imaging can be made with low noise and high sensitivity. 14-bit digital output (USB 2.0 interface) High-speed imaging: 3 frames/s Compatible with HAMAMATSU API (DCAM-API) Structure The C9728DK-10 is comprised of a sensor board and a control board. Mounted on the sensor board is a CMOS image sensor chip made up of a two-dimensional active pixel amplifier array, row-scanning vertical shift register, and 8 shift register blocks. CsI scintillator is directly deposited on the two-dimensional photodiode array. X-rays incident on the scintillator are converted to fluorescence, which then enters the two-dimensional photodiode array where electric charge is accumulated in each pixel according to the light intensity. Each pixel has a low noise active pixel amplifier. The analog video signal from each pixel is held by the 1056 ch sample-and-hold circuit with a CDS (correlated double sampling) circuit added, and is then output from each amplifier array by scanning the horizontal shift register. The control board converts the analog signal into a 14-bit digital signal, which is then output to a PC through the USB 2.0 interface. Sensor board 1055 1056 1057 2111 2112 Active pixel amplifier array with directly deposited CsI scintillator 1115135 Horizontal shift register No. 1 External power supply A.vdd, D.vdd (not attached) Vertical shift register Pixel number 1 2 1115136 Timing pulse generator Horizontal shift register No. 8 Oscillator TrgIn TrgOut Bias generator Buffer amp Processing amp A/D FIFO USB IC Buffer amp Processing amp A/D Video data Flat panel control (USB 2.0 interface) FIFO Control board Note: Signals are read out in order of pixel number. KACCC0268EC KACCC0268EC www.hamamatsu.com 1 C9728DK-10 Flat panel sensor General ratings Parameter Pixel size Photodiode area Number of pixels Number of active pixels Readout Video output TrgIn, TrgOut Scintillator Specification 50 × 50 52.8 × 52.8 1056 × 1056 1032 × 1032 Active pixel readout USB 2.0, 14-bit TTL Direct deposition CsI Unit μm mm pixels pixels - Absolute maximum ratings (Ta=25 °C) Parameter Supply voltage for digital circuitry (+5 V) Supply voltage for analog circuitry (+5 V) Input voltage Operating temperature *2 Storage temperature *2 Incident X-ray energy Symbol D.vdd A.vdd Vin Topr Tstg - Value +6.0 +6.0 0 to 6.0 0 to +35 0 to +50 18 Unit V V V °C °C keV *2: No condensation Specifications (Ta=25 °C, A.vdd=5.0 V, D.vdd=5.0 V) Parameter Symbol Sf(max) Sf N(rms) S Csat Reso - Min. 2.85 360 9 - Typ. 3 0.1 to Sf(max) 80 450 0.45 10 5600 Max. - Unit frames/s frames/s electrons LSB/mR M electrons line pairs/mm - Defect line *6 Blemish *7 Non-uniformity of sensitivity *7 Defect cluster *7 Bright line output adjacent to a defect line *7 Output offset *8 - - Not allowed 260 10 600 4 lines μm % % LSB Frame rate max. Frame rate Noise (rms) *3 Sensitivity *4 Saturation charge Resolution *5 Dynamic range - 120 800 *3: Internal trigger mode at Sf(max) *4: 25 kVp (Mo target X-ray source), without filter *5: Spatial frequency at CTF=5 % *6: A defect line is a horizontal or vertical line containing 4 or more cosecutive pixels located at the opposite side of an amplifier array or a shift register, that produce 1/8 of the average sensitivity of the surrounding pixels. Adjacent defect lines are not allowed in the vertical or horizontal directions. *7: See P. 5, “Description of terms” *8: Average of all active pixels at Sf(max) Note: X-ray energy range is less than 18 keV. 2 C9728DK-10 Flat panel sensor Resolution (Ta=25 °C, A.vdd=5.0 V, D.vdd=5.0 V) 100 90 80 CTF (%) 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Spatial frequency (line pairs/mm) KACCB0149EB Accessories O Power cable (terminated with a JSTJ-C9-2C plug at one end and open at the other end; 2 m; see Table 1.) O Trigger cable (terminated with an FGG.0B.304.CLAD56 plug at one end and open at the other end; 5 m; see Table 2.) O Earth cable (AWG; 4 m) System requirements To operate the C9728DK-10 at full performance, the following system and peripherals are required. O PC: IBM compatible PC with USB 2.0 running on Windows XP O Power source: A.vdd = +5.0 ± 0.1 V (600 mA), D.vdd = +5.0 ± 0.1 V (900 mA) · The voltages described above are specified at the flat panel sensor side. · Please use a low noise series power supply. (Avoid using a switching power supply.) · Install a noise filter on the AC power input line to prevent surges on the AC line. · Always ground the ground terminal to avoid the effects of noise from peripheral devices. O DCAM-API (digital camera application programming interface): produced by HAMAMATSU · The driver software, DLL and sample software are included in DCAM-API. · The latest version of DCAM-API can be downloaded from “http://www.dcamapi.com”. O USB cable: mini-B type 3 C9728DK-10 Flat panel sensor [Table 1] Pin assignment and cable color for 9-pin power receptacle Pin No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Color Yellow Blue Gray Black Red Green Purple White Brown Signal Digital GND Digital GND Analog GND Analog GND Analog GND Digital +5 V Digital +5 V Analog +5 V Analog +5 V 9-pin receptacle: DE-9PF-N made by JAE (Japan Aviation Electronics Industry, Limited) Mating plug: JST J-C9-2C made by J.S.T Mfg. Co., Ltd. [Table 2] Pin assignment and color cable for 4-pin trigger cable Pin No. 1 2 3 4 Color Blue Orange Green Brown Signal TrgIn Digital GND TrgOut Digital GND Note Twist pair Twist pair 4-pin receptacle: ECG. 0B. 304. CLL made by LEMO S.A. Mating plug: FGG. 0B. 304. CLAD56 made by LEMO S.A. [Table 3] Control mode Mode External control (DCAM_TRIGMODE_SYNCREADOUT) Internal control (DCAM_TRIGMODE_INTERNAL) TrgIn (See Table 2) Note Rectangular signal The integration time is controlled through Lemo 4-pin trigger cable. High or Open The integration time is controlled by DCAM command without Lemo 4-pin trigger cable. 4 C9728DK-10 Flat panel sensor Connection After installing DCAM-API in a PC with a USB 2.0 port, connect the C9728DK-10 to that PC. OS + Image acquisition software Video output (14-bit digital) USB 2.0 X-ray source PC/AT (Rear view) Monitor POWER SOURCE TRG. I/O USB FRAME GND CMOS FLAT PANEL SENSOR C9728DK-10 C9728DK-10 TrgIn Trgout Voltage source (A.vdd, D.vdd) KACCC0445EA 5 C9728DK-10 Flat panel sensor Dimensional outline (unit: mm, tolerance: ±1 mm unless otherwise noted) 7 8.1 8.1 23.5 12.5 25 12.5 14.5 158 ± 0.5 193 FRAME GND CMOS FLAT PANEL SENSOR C9728DK-10 31 USB 18.5 Screw hole * POWER TRG. SOURCE I/O 9 Screw hole * Active area 51.6 (0, 0) (6 ×) M3 depth 8 108 266 Top cover material including window is carbon fiber (1.0 mm thickness). Weight: 1.3 kg * M3 screw hole for fixing USB plug to flat panel sensor. The depth of the hole: 7 mm C1.3 Scintillator to top cover 6.3 151 ± 0.5 57.5 ± 0.5 2.5 ± 0.5 30 ± 0.5 (1031, 1031) 1.7 Active area 51.6 261 ± 0.5 KACCA0227ED KACCA0227ED Notice · Do not subject the flat panel sensors to strong vibration or shock (Strong shock such as drop impacts may cause permanent damage to these sensors). · Users must take responsibility for implementing X-ray shielding safety measures to avoid the risk of X-ray exposure. · The specification listed in this datasheet is defined at the time of shipment. Characteristics may vary somewhat due to exposure to X-rays so take proper countermeasures such as making periodic image correction. · This product is warranted for a period of 12 months after the date of the shipment. The warranty is limited to replacement or repair of any defective product due to defects in workmanship or materials used in manufacture. The warranty does not cover loss or damage caused by natural disaster, misuse (including modifications and any use not complying with the environment, application, usage and storage conditions described in this datasheet), or total radiation dose over 45000 Roentgen (incident X-ray energy: less than 18 keV) even within the warranty period. The C9728DK-10 conforms to European EMC directives: EN61326-1 Class A. 6 Flat panel sensor C9728DK-10 Description of terms Blemish Length of pixel cluster which has less than 90 % of the average sensitivity of the surrounding pixels. Column Bright line output adjacent to a defect line A B C D E F G H I The relative sensitivity ratio “a/b” should be 120 % or less for both vertical and horizontal lines, where “a” and “b” are defined as follows: a: Average sensitivity of bright line (Line A) adjacent to defect line b: Average sensitivity of standard line (Line B) adjacent to Line A Row Note that the average sensitivity of the bright line is calculated from the region adjacent to the defect region in the defect line. Example: See the right figure Defect region in defect line: From pixel (J, 1) to pixel (J, 15) a: Average sensitivity from pixel (I, 1) to pixel (I, 15) or from pixel (K, 1) to pixel (K, 15) b: Average sensitivity from pixel (H, 1) to pixel (H, 15) or from pixel (L, 1) to pixel (L, 15) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 J K L M N O P Q R S Line B (Column H, L) Line A (Column I, K) Defect line (Column J) KACCC0385EB Defect cluster Formed with more than 3 × 3 pixels which have less than 1/8 of the average sensitivity of the surrounding pixels. This is defined as defect cluster. Normal pixel This is not defined as defect cluster. Defective pixel KACCC0384EB 1 mm 20 62 pixels pixels ··········· ··········· Active area 16 segments ··········· ··········· 1 mm σ: standard deviation of 16 × 16 “Xij” x : average value of 16 × 16 “Xij” 62 pixels 16 segments σ x 62 pixels ··········· Non-unifomity of sensitivity = 20 62 pixels 62 pixels pixels 16 × 16 segments are 16 × 16-divided active area excluded 1 mm from the whole edge. Xij is defined as the average sensitivity of each segment. Uniformity of sensitivity is calculated as following equation. 20 pixels 62 pixels 20 pixels 62 pixels 62 pixels Non-uniformity of sensitivity 1 mm 1 mm Active area KACCC0444EA 7 Flat panel sensor C9728DK-10 Information described in this material is current as of March, 2011. Product specifications are subject to change without prior notice due to improvements or other reasons. Before assembly into final products, please contact us for the delivery specification sheet to check the latest information. Type numbers of products listed in the delivery specification sheets or supplied as samples may have a suffix "(X)" which means preliminary specifications or a suffix "(Z)" which means developmental specifications. The product warranty is valid for one year after delivery and is limited to product repair or replacement for defects discovered and reported to us within that one year period. However, even if within the warranty period we accept absolutely no liability for any loss caused by natural disasters or improper product use. Copying or reprinting the contents described in this material in whole or in part is prohibited without our prior permission. www.hamamatsu.com HAMAMATSU PHOTONICS K.K., Solid State Division 1126-1 Ichino-cho, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu City, 435-8558 Japan, Telephone: (81) 53-434-3311, Fax: (81) 53-434-5184 U.S.A.: Hamamatsu Corporation: 360 Foothill Road, P.O.Box 6910, Bridgewater, N.J. 08807-0910, U.S.A., Telephone: (1) 908-231-0960, Fax: (1) 908-231-1218 Germany: Hamamatsu Photonics Deutschland GmbH: Arzbergerstr. 10, D-82211 Herrsching am Ammersee, Germany, Telephone: (49) 8152-375-0, Fax: (49) 8152-265-8 France: Hamamatsu Photonics France S.A.R.L.: 19, Rue du Saule Trapu, Parc du Moulin de Massy, 91882 Massy Cedex, France, Telephone: 33-(1) 69 53 71 00, Fax: 33-(1) 69 53 71 10 United Kingdom: Hamamatsu Photonics UK Limited: 2 Howard Court, 10 Tewin Road, Welwyn Garden City, Hertfordshire AL7 1BW, United Kingdom, Telephone: (44) 1707-294888, Fax: (44) 1707-325777 North Europe: Hamamatsu Photonics Norden AB: Smidesvägen 12, SE-171 41 Solna, Sweden, Telephone: (46) 8-509-031-00, Fax: (46) 8-509-031-01 Italy: Hamamatsu Photonics Italia S.R.L.: Strada della Moia, 1 int. 6, 20020 Arese, (Milano), Italy, Telephone: (39) 02-935-81-733, Fax: (39) 02-935-81-741 Cat. No. KACC1147E05 Mar. 2011 DN 8