IN90S2313DW, 8-BIT MICROCONTROLLER WITH 2K BYTES BUILD-IN PROGRAMMABLE FLASH Description The IN90S2313 is a low-power CMOS 8-bit microcontroller based on the AVR enhanced RISC architecture. By executing powerful instructions in a single clock cycle, the IN90S2313 achieves throughputs approaching 1 MIPS per MHz allowing the system designer to optimize power consumption versus processing speed. The AVR core combines a rich instruction set with 32 general purpose working registers. All the 32 registers are directly connected to the Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU), allowing two independent registers to be accessed in one single instruction executed in one clock cycle. The resulting architecture is more code efficient while achieving throughputs up to ten times faster than conventional CISC microcontrollers. The IN90S2313 provides the following features: 2K bytes of In-System Programmable Flash, 128 bytes EEPROM, 128 bytes SRAM, 15 general purpose I/O lines, 32 general purpose working registers, flexible timer/counters with compare modes, internal and external interrupts, a programmable serial UART, programmable Watchdog Timer with internal oscillator, an SPI serial port for Flash Memory downloading and two software selectable power saving modes. The Idle Mode stops the CPU while allowing the SRAM, timer/counters, SPI port and interrupt system to continue functioning. The power down mode saves the register contents but freezes the oscillator, disabling all other chip functions until the next interrupt or hardware reset. The device is manufactured using Atmel’s high density non-volatile memory technology. The on-chip In-System Programmable Flash allows the program memory to be reprogrammed in-system through an SPI serial interface or by a conventional nonvolatile memory programmer. By combining an enhanced RISC 8-bit CPU with In-System Programmable Flash on a monolithic chip, the Atmel IN90S2313 is a powerful microcontroller that provides a highly flexible and cost effective solution to many embedded control applications. The IN90S2313 AVR is supported with a full suite of program and system development tools including: C compilers, macro assemblers, program debugger/simulators, in-circuit emulators, and evaluation kits. 1 IN90S2313DW, Features • AVR - High Performance and Low Power RISC Architecture • 118 Powerful Instructions - Most Single Clock Cycle Execution • 2K bytes of In-System Reprogrammable Flash – SPI Serial Interface for Program Downloading – Endurance: 1,000 Write/Erase Cycles • 128 bytes EEPROM – Endurance: 100,000 Write/Erase Cycles • 128 bytes Internal RAM • 32 x 8 General Purpose Working Registers • 15 Programmable I/O Lines • VCC: 2.7 - 6.0V • Fully Static Operation – 0 - 10 MHz, 4.0 - 6.0V – 0 - 4 MHz, 2.7 - 6.0V • Up to 10 MIPS Throughput at 10 MHz • One 8-Bit Timer/Counter with Separate Prescaler • One 16-Bit Timer/Counter with Separate Prescaler and Compare and Capture Modes • Full Duplex UART • Selectable 8, 9 or 10 bit PWM • External and Internal Interrupt Sources • Programmable Watchdog Timer with On-Chip Oscillator • On-Chip Analog Comparator • Low Power Idle and Power Down Modes • Programming Lock for Software Security • 20-Pin Device 2 IN90S2313DW, Block Diagram 3 IN90S2313DW, Pin Descriptions VCC Supply voltage pin. GND Ground pin. Port B (PB7..PB0) Port B is an 8-bit bi-directional I/O port. Port pins can provide internal pull-up resistors (selected for each bit). PB0 and PB1 also serve as the positive input (AIN0) and the negative input (AIN1), respectively, of the on-chip analog comparator. The Port B output buffers can sink 20mA and can drive LED displays directly. When pins PB0 to PB7 are used as inputs and are externally pulled low, they will source current if the internal pull-up resistors are activated. Port B also serves the functions of various special features of the IN90S2313 as listed on page 38. Port D (PD6..PD0) Port D has seven bi-directional I/O pins with internal pull-up resistors, PD6..PD0. The Port D output buffers can sink 20 mA. As inputs, Port D pins that are externally pulled low will source current if the pullup resistors are activated. Port D also serves the functions of various special features of the IN90S2313 as listed on page 43. RESET Reset input. A low on this pin for two machine cycles while the oscillator is running resets the device. XTAL1 Input to the inverting oscillator amplifier and input to the internal clock operating circuit. XTAL2 Output from the inverting oscillator amplifier Crystal Oscillator XTAL1 and XTAL2 are input and output, respectively, of an inverting amplifier which can be configured for use as an on-chip oscillator. Either a quartz crystal or a ceramic resonator may be used. To drive the device from an external clock source, XTAL2 should be left unconnected while XTAL1 is driven. Oscillator Connections External Clock Drive Configuration 4 IN90S2313DW, Architectural Overview The fast-access register file concept contains 32 x 8-bit general purpose working registers with a single clock cycle access time. This means that during one single clock cycle, one ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit) operation is executed. Two operands are output from the register file, the operation is executed, and the result is stored back in the register file -in one clock cycle. Six of the 32 registers can be used as three 16-bits indirect address register pointers for Data Space addressing -enabling efficient address calculations. One of the three address pointers is also used as the address pointer for the constant table look up function. These added function registers are the 16-bits Xregister, Y-register and Z-register. The ALU supports arithmetic and logic functions between registers or between a constant and a register. Single register operations are also executed in the ALU. In addition to the register operation, the conventional memory addressing modes can be used on the register file as well. This is enabled by the fact that the register file is assigned the 32 lowermost Data Space addresses ($00 -$1F), allowing them to be accessed as though they were ordinary memory locations. The I/O memory space contains 64 addresses for CPU peripheral functions as Control Registers, Timer/Counters, A/D-converters, and other I/O functions. The I/O memory can be accessed directly, or as the Data Space locations following those of the register file, $20 - $5F. The AVR has Harvard architecture - with separate memories and buses for program and data. The program memory is accessed with a two stage pipeline. While one instruction is being executed, the next instruction is pre-fetched from the program memory. This concept enables instructions to be executed in every clock cycle. The program memory is In-system Programmable Flash memory. With the relative jump and call instructions, the whole 1K address space is directly accessed. Most AVR instructions have a single 16-bit word format. Every program memory address contains a 16- or 32-bit instruction. During interrupts and subroutine calls, the return address program counter (PC) is stored on the stack. The stack is effectively allocated in the general data SRAM, and consequently the stack size is only limited by the total SRAM size and the usage of the SRAM. All user programs must initialize the SP in the reset routine (before subroutines or interrupts are executed). The 8-bit stack pointer SP is read/write accessible in the I/O space. The 128 bytes data SRAM + register file and I/O registers can be easily accessed through the five different addressing modes supported in the AVR architecture. The memory spaces in the AVR architecture are all linear and regular memory maps. 5 IN90S2313DW, AVR Enhanced RISC Architecture Memory Maps 6 IN90S2313DW, REGISTER SUMMARY Address Name Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Page $3F ($5F) SREG I T H S V N Z C 17 $3E ($5E) Reserved $3D ($5D) SPL SP7 SP6 SP5 SP4 SP3 SP2 SP1 SP0 18 $3C ($5C) Reserved - - - - - - 23 $3B ($5B) GIMSK INT1 INT0 $3A ($5A) GIFR INTF1 INTF0 $39 ($59) TIMSK TOIE1 OCIE1A - - TICIE1 - TOIE0 - 23 $38 ($58) TIFR TOV1 OCF1A - - ICF1 - TOV0 - 24 $37 ($57) Reserved - - SE SM ISC11 ISC10 ISC01 ISC00 25 - - - - - CS02 CS01 CS00 $36 ($56) Reserved $35 ($55) MCUCR $34 ($54) Reserved $33 ($53) TCCR0 $32 ($52) TCNT0 $31 ($51) Reserved $30 ($50) Reserved 23 Timer/Counter0 (8 Bit) 28 29 $2F ($4F) TCCR1A COM1A1 COM1A0 - - - - PWM11 PWM10 30 $2E ($4E) TCCR1B ICNC1 ICES1 . - CTC1 CS12 CS11 CS10 31 $2D ($4D) TCNT1H Timer/Counter1 - Counter Register High Byte 32 $2C ($4C) TCNT1L Timer/Counter1 - Counter Register Low Byte 32 $2B ($4B) OCR1AH Timer/Counter1 - Compare Register High Byte 32 $2A ($4A) OCR1AL Timer/Counter1 - Compare Register Low Byte 32 $29 ($49) Reserved $28 ($48) Reserved $27 ($47) Reserved $26 ($46) Reserved $25 ($45) ICR1H Timer/Counter1 - Input Capture Register High Byte 33 $24 ($44) ICR1L Timer/Counter1 - Input Capture Register Low Byte 33 $23 ($43) Reserved $22 ($42) Reserved $21 ($41) WDTCR $20 ($40) Reserved - - $1F ($3F) Reserved $1E ($3E) EEAR - $1D ($3D) EEDR EEPROM Data register $1C ($3C) EECR $1B ($3B) Reserved $1A ($3A) Reserved $19 ($39) Reserved - WDTOE WDE WDP2 WDP1 WDP0 EEPROM Address Register 35 36 37 - - - - - EEMWE EEWE EERE 37 46 $18 ($38) PORTB PORTB7 PORTB6 PORTB5 PORTB4 PORTB3 PORTB2 PORTB1 PORTB0 $17 ($37) DDRB DDB7 DDB6 DDB5 DDB4 DDB3 DDB2 DDB1 DDB0 46 $16 ($36) PINB PINB7 PINB6 PINB5 PINB4 PINB3 PINB2 PINB1 PINB0 46 $15 ($35) Reserved $14 ($34) Reserved $13 ($33) Reserved $12 ($32) PORTD - PORTD6 PORTD5 PORTD4 PORTD3 PORTD2 PORTD1 PORTD0 51 $11 ($31) DDRD - DDD6 DDD5 DDD4 DDD3 DDD2 DDD1 DDD0 51 $10 ($30) PIND - PIND6 PIND5 PIND4 PIND3 PIND2 PIND1 PIND0 51 7 IN90S2313DW, REGISTER SUMMARY (Continued) Address Name $0F ($2F) Reserved $0E ($2E) Reserved Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Page $0D ($2D) Reserved $0C ($2C) UDR $0B ($2B) USR RXC TXC UDRE FE OR - - - 40 $0A ($2A) UCR RXCIE TXCIE UDRIE RXEN TXEN CHR9 RXB8 TXB8 41 $09 ($29) UBRR $08 ($28) ACSR ACO ACI ACIE ACIC ACIS1 ACIS0 … Reserved $00 ($20) Reserved UART I/O Data Register 40 UART Baud Rate Register ACD - 43 44 Instruction Set Summary Mnemonics Operands Description Operation Flags #Clocks 1 ARITHMETIC AND LOGIC INSTRUCTIONS Rd ← Rd + Rr Z,C,N,V,H Rd ← Rd + Rr + C Z,C,N,V,H 1 Add Immediate to Word Rdh:Rdl ← Rdh:Rdl + K Z,C,N,V,S 2 Rd, Rr Subtract two Registers Rd ← Rd - Rr Z,C,N,V,H 1 Rd, K Subtract Constant from Register Rd ← Rd - K Z,C,N,V,H 1 SBIW Rdl,K Subtract Immediate from Word Rdh:Rdl ← Rdh:Rdl - K Z,C,N,V,S 2 SBC Rd, Rr Subtract with Carry two Registers Rd ← Rd - Rr - C Z,C,N,V,H 1 SBCI Rd, K Subtract with Carry Constant from Reg. Rd ← Rd - K - C Z,C,N,V,H 1 AND Rd, Rr Logical AND Registers Rd ← Rd • Rr Z,N,V 1 ANDI Rd, K Logical AND Register and Constant Rd ← Rd • K Z,N,V 1 OR Rd, Rr Logical OR Registers Rd ← Rd v Rr Z,N,V 1 ORI Rd, K Logical OR Register and Constant Rd ← Rd v K Z,N,V 1 EOR Rd, Rr Exclusive OR Registers Rd ← Rd ⊕ Rr Z,N,V 1 COM Rd One’s Complement Rd ← $FF - Rd Z,C,N,V 1 NEG Rd Two’s Complement Rd ← $00 - Rd Z,C,N,V,H 1 SBR Rd,K Rd ← Rd v K Z,N,V 1 CBR Rd,K Rd ← Rd • ($FF - K) Z,N,V 1 INC Rd Increment Rd ← Rd + 1 Z,N,V 1 DEC Rd Decrement Rd ← Rd - 1 Z,N,V 1 TST Rd Test for Zero or Minus Rd ← Rd • Rd Z,N,V 1 CLR Rd Clear Register Rd ← Rd ⊕ Rd Z,N,V 1 SER Rd Set Register Rd ← $FF None 1 PC ← PC + k + 1 None 2 PC ← Z None 2 PC ← PC + k + 1 None 3 3 ADD Rd, Rr Add two Registers ADC Rd, Rr Add with Carry two Registers ADIW Rdl,K SUB SUBI Set Bit(s) in Register Clear Bit(s) in Register BRANCH INSTRUCTIONS RJMP k IJMP RCALL Relative Jump Indirect Jump to (Z) k Relative Subroutine Call ICALL Indirect Call to (Z) PC ← Z None RET Subroutine Return PC ← STACK None 4 RETI Interrupt Return PC ← STACK I 4 if (Rd = Rr) PC ← PC + 2 or 3 None 1/2 Rd - Rr Z, N,V,C,H 1 Rd - Rr - C Z, N,V,C,H 1 Rd K Z, N,V,C,H 1 CPSE Rd,Rr Compare, Skip if Equal CP Rd,Rr Compare CPC Rd,Rr Compare with Carry CPI Rd,K Compare Register with Immediate SBRC Rr, b Skip if Bit in Register Cleared if (Rr(b)=0) PC ← PC + 2 or 3 None 1/2 SBRS Rr, b Skip if Bit in Register is Set if (Rr(b)=1) PC ← PC + 2 or 3 None 1/2 SBIC P, b Skip if Bit in I/O Register Cleared if (P(b)=0) PC ← PC + 2 or 3 None 1/2 8 IN90S2313DW, Instruction Set Summary (Continued) Mnemonics Operands Description Operation Flags #Clocks if (R(b)=1) PC ← PC + 2 or 3 None 1/2 Branch if Status Flag Set if (SREG(s) = 1) then PC←PC + k + 1 None 1/2 Branch if Status Flag Cleared if (SREG(s) = 0) then PC←PC + k + 1 None 1/2 Branch if Equal if (Z = 1) then PC ← PC + k + 1 None 1/2 k Branch if Not Equal if (Z = 0) then PC ← PC + k + 1 None 1/2 BRCS k Branch if Carry Set if (C = 1) then PC ← PC + k + 1 None 1/2 BRCC k Branch if Carry Cleared if (C = 0) then PC ← PC + k + 1 None 1/2 BRSH k Branch if Same or Higher if (C = 0) then PC ← PC + k + 1 None 1/2 BRLO k Branch if Lower if (C = 1) then PC ← PC + k + 1 None 1/2 BRMI k Branch if Minus if (N = 1) then PC ← PC + k + 1 None 1/2 BRPL k Branch if Plus if (N = 0) then PC ← PC + k + 1 None 1/2 BRGE k Branch if Greater or Equal, Signed if (N ⊕ V= 0) then PC ← PC + k + 1 None 1/2 BRLT k Branch if Less Than Zero, Signed if (N ⊕ V= 1) then PC ← PC + k + 1 None 1/2 BRHS k Branch if Half Carry Flag Set if (H = 1) then PC ← PC + k + 1 None 1/2 BRHC k Branch if Half Carry Flag Cleared if (H = 0) then PC ← PC + k + 1 None 1/2 BRTS k Branch if T Flag Set if (T = 1) then PC ← PC + k + 1 None 1/2 BRTC k Branch if T Flag Cleared if (T = 0) then PC ← PC + k + 1 None 1/2 BRVS k Branch if Overflow Flag is Set if (V = 1) then PC ← PC + k + 1 None 1/2 BRVC k Branch if Overflow Flag is Cleared if (V = 0) then PC ← PC + k + 1 None 1/2 BRIE k Branch if Interrupt Enabled if (I = 1) then PC ← PC + k + 1 None 1/2 BRID k Branch if Interrupt Disabled if (I = 0) then PC ← PC + k + 1 None 1/2 SBIS P, b Skip if Bit in I/O Register is Set BRBS s, k BRBC s, k BREQ k BRNE DATA TRANSFER INSTRUCTIONS MOV Rd, Rr Move Between Registers Rd ← Rr None 1 LDI Rd, K Load Immediate Rd ← K None 1 LD Rd, X Load Indirect Rd ← (X) None 2 LD Rd, X+ Load Indirect and Post-Inc. Rd ← (X), X ← X + 1 None 2 LD Rd, - X Load Indirect and Pre-Dec. X ← X 1, Rd ← (X) None 2 2 LD Rd, Y Load Indirect Rd ← (Y) None LD Rd, Y+ Load Indirect and Post-Inc. Rd ← (Y), Y ← Y + 1 None 2 LD Rd, - Y Load Indirect and Pre-Dec. Y ← Y 1, Rd ← (Y) None 2 LDD Rd,Y+q Load Indirect with Displacement None 2 Rd ← (Z) None 2 Rd, Z LD Rd, Z+ Load Indirect and Post-Inc. Rd ← (Z), Z ← Z+1 None 2 LD Rd, -Z Load Indirect and Pre-Dec. Z ← Z - 1, Rd ← (Z) None 2 LDD Rd, Z+q LDS Rd, k Load Indirect Rd ← (Y + q) LD Load Indirect with Displacement Load Direct from SRAM Rd ← (Z + q) None 2 Rd ← (k) None 2 ST X, Rr Store Indirect (X) ← Rr None 2 ST X+, Rr Store Indirect and Post-Inc. (X) ← Rr, X ← X + 1 None 2 ST - X, Rr Store Indirect and Pre-Dec. X ← X - 1, (X) ← Rr None 2 ST Y, Rr Store Indirect (Y) ← Rr None 2 ST Y+, Rr Store Indirect and Post-Inc. (Y) ← Rr, Y ← Y + 1 None 2 ST - Y, Rr Store Indirect and Pre-Dec. Y ← Y - 1, (Y) ← Rr None 2 STD Y+q,Rr Store Indirect with Displacement (Y + q) ← Rr None 2 (Z) ← Rr None 2 ST Z, Rr ST Z+, Rr Store Indirect and Post-Inc. (Z) ← Rr, Z ← Z + 1 None 2 ST -Z, Rr Store Indirect and Pre-Dec. Z ← Z - 1, (Z) ← Rr None 2 STD Z+q,Rr Store Indirect with Displacement (Z + q) ← Rr None 2 STS k, Rr Store Direct to SRAM (k) ← Rr None 2 Load Program Memory R0 ← (Z) None 3 LPM Store Indirect 9 IN90S2313DW, Instruction Set Summary (Continued) Mnemonics Operands Description Operation Flags #Clocks IN Rd, P In Port Rd ← P None 1 OUT P, Rr Out Port P ← Rr None 1 PUSH Rr Push Register on Stack STACK ← Rr None 2 POP Rd Pop Register from Stack Rd ← STACK None 2 2 BIT AND BIT-TEST INSTRUCTIONS SBI P,b Set Bit in I/O Register I/O(P,b) ← 1 None CBI P,b Clear Bit in I/O Register I/O(P,b) ← 0 None 2 LSL Rd Logical Shift Left Rd(n+1) ← Rd(n), Rd(0) ← 0 Z,C,N,V 1 Rd(n) ← Rd(n+1), Rd(7) ← 0 Z,C,N,V 1 Rd(0)←C,Rd(n+1)← Rd(n),C←Rd(7) Z,C,N,V 1 Rd(7)←C,Rd(n)← Rd(n+1),C←Rd(0) Z,C,N,V 1 LSR Rd Logical Shift Right ROL Rd Rotate Left Through Carry ROR Rd Rotate Right Through Carry ASR Rd Arithmetic Shift Right SWAP Rd Swap Nibbles BSET s BCLR s Rd(n) ← Rd(n+1), n=0..6 Z,C,N,V 1 Rd(3..0)←Rd(7..4),Rd(7..4)←Rd(3. .0) None 1 Flag Set SREG(s) ← 1 SREG(s) 1 Flag Clear SREG(s) ← 0 SREG(s) 1 1 BST Rr, b Bit Store from Register to T T ← Rr(b) T BLD Rd, b Bit load from T to Register Rd(b) ← T None 1 SEC Set Carry C←1 C 1 CLC Clear Carry C←0 C 1 SEN Set Negative Flag N←1 N 1 CLN Clear Negative Flag N←0 N 1 SEZ Set Zero Flag Z←1 Z 1 CLZ Clear Zero Flag Z←0 Z 1 SEI Global Interrupt Enable I←1 I 1 CLI Global Interrupt Disable I←0 I 1 SES Set Signed Test Flag S←1 S 1 CLS Clear Signed Test Flag S←0 S 1 SEV Set Twos Complement Overflow V←1 V 1 CLV Clear Twos Complement Overflow V←0 V 1 SET Set T in SREG T←1 T 1 CLT Clear T in SREG T←0 T 1 SEH Set Half Carry Flag in SREG H←1 H 1 CLH Clear Half Carry Flag in SREG H←0 NOP No Operation SLEEP Sleep WDR Watchdog Reset H 1 None 1 (see specific descr. for Sleep function) None 3 (see specific descr. for WDR/timer) None 1 10 IN90S2313DW, MS-013AC Package dimensions D 20 11 e1 H E 1 e 10 h x 45° A1 -T- C A α B L 0.25 (0.010) M T C M min max A A1 B C D 2.35 2.65 0.10 0.30 0.33 0.51 0.23 0.32 12.60 13.00 E mm 7.40 7.60 11 e e1 H 1.27 9.53 10.00 (nom) (nom) 10.65 h L 0.25 0.75 0.40 1.27 α ° 0 8