FPF2213-FPF2215 tm Integrated Load Switch with Adjustable High Precision Current Limit Features General Description 1.8 to 5.5V Input Voltage Range Typical RDS(ON) = 250m Typical RDS(ON) = 275m The FPF2213-FPF2215 are low RDS(ON) P-Channel MOSFET load switches with high precision current limit value. The input voltage range operates from 1.8V to 5.5V to fulfill today's Ultra Portable Device's supply requirement. Switch control is by a logic input (ON) capable of interfacing directly with low voltage control signal. On-chip pull-down is available for output quick discharge when switch is turned off. @ VIN = 5.5V @ VIN = 3.3V 100-250mA (min) Adjustable Current Limit 5% Current Limit Tolerance @ 250mA (min) 72 (typ) Output Discharge Resistance ESD Protected, Above 8000V HBM and 2000V CDM For the FPF2214, if the constant current condition still persists after 30ms, these parts will shut off the switch and pull the fault signal pin (FLAGB) low. The FPF2213 has an auto-restart feature, which will turn the switch on again after 450mS if the ON pin is still active. The FPF2214 do not have this auto-restart feature so the switch will remain off until the ON pin is cycled. For the FPF2215, a current limit condition will immediately pull the fault signal pin low and the part will remain in the constantcurrent mode until the switch current falls below the current limit. For the FPF2213 through FPF2215, the current limit is set by an external resistor and the minimum current limit is 100mA. Applications PDAs Cell Phones GPS Devices MP3 Players Digital Cameras Peripheral Ports Notebook Computer Pin 1 BOTTOM TOP Ordering Information Part Current Limit (mA) Current Limit Blanking Time (mS) Auto-Restart Time (mS) ON Pin Activity FPF2213 100-250 30 450 Active HI FPF2214 100-250 30 NA Active HI FPF2215 100-250 NA NA Active HI ©2008 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FPF2213-FPF2215 Rev. B 1 www.fairchildsemi.com FPF2213-FPF2215 Integrated Load Switch with Adjustable High Precision Current Limit June 2008 TO LOAD FPF2213/4/5 VOUT VIN FLAGB OFF ON ON ISET GND Functional Block Diagram VIN UVLO THERMAL SHUTDOWN CONTROL LOGIC ON CURRENT LIMIT VOUT ISET Output Discharge FLAGB GND FPF2213-FPF2215 Rev. B 2 www.fairchildsemi.com FPF2213-FPF2215 Integrated Load Switch with Adjustable High Precision Current Limit Typical Application Circuit ON 6 1 ISET GND 5 2 VIN FLAGB 4 3 VOUT MicroFET 2x2 6L (BOTTOMVIEW) Pin Description Pin Name 1 ISET Current Limit Set Input : A resistor from ISET to ground sets the current limit for the switch Supply Input: Input to the power switch and the supply voltage for the IC 2 VIN 3 VOUT 4 FLAGB 5 GND 6 ON Function Switch Output: Output of the power switch Fault Output: Active LO, open drain output which indicates an over current, supply under voltage or over temperature state Ground ON/OFF Control Input Absolute Maximum Ratings Parameter Min. Max. Unit VIN, VOUT, ON, FLAGB TO GND -0.3 6 V ISET TO GND -0.3 Power Dissipation @ TA = 25°C Operating and Storage Junction Temperature -65 Thermal Resistance, Junction to Ambient Electrostatic Discharge Protection 0.3 V 1.2 W 125 °C 86 °C/W HBM 8000 V MM 400 V CDM 2000 V Recommended Operating Range Parameter Min. Max. Unit VIN 1.8 5.5 V Ambient Operating Temperature, TA -40 85 °C Electrical Characteristics VIN = 1.8 to 5.5V, TA = -40 to +85°C unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at VIN = 3.3V and TA = 25°C. Parameter Symbol Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Units 5.5 V Basic Operation Operating Voltage VIN Quiescent Current IQ VIN Shutdown Current FPF2213-FPF2215 Rev. B 1.8 IOUT=0mA, VIN= VON=1.8V, RSET=26.8K 45 75 IOUT=0mA, VIN= VON=3.3V, RSET=26.8K 50 85 IOUT=0mA, VIN= VON=5.5V, RSET=26.8K 60 VON=0V, VIN=5.5V, VOUT=short to GND 3 A 95 2.5 A www.fairchildsemi.com FPF2213-FPF2215 Integrated Load Switch with Adjustable High Precision Current Limit Pin Configuration Symbol VOUT Shutdown Current On-Resistance Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Units 1 A VIN=5.5V, IOUT=200mA, TA=25°C 250 325 VIN=3.3V, IOUT=200mA, TA=25°C 275 360 VIN=1.8V, IOUT=200mA, TA=25°C 350 455 VON=0V, VOUT=5.5V, VIN=short to GND RON VIN=3.3V, IOUT=200mA, TA=-40 to +80°C Output Discharge Resistance 135 VIN=3.3V, VON=0V, IOUT=10mA ON Input Logic High Voltage (ON) VIH ON Input Logic Low Voltage (OFF) VIL On Input Leakage 0.8 VIN=5.5V 1.4 FLAGB Output High Leakage Current 105 V VIN=1.8V 0.5 VIN=5.5V 1.0 VON = VIN or GND FLAGB Output Logic Low Voltage 450 72 VIN=1.8V m -1 1 VIN=5.5V, ISINK=100 A 0.05 0.1 VIN=1.8V, ISINK=100 A 0.12 0.25 VIN=5.5V, Switch on 1 V A V A Protections Current Limit ILIM Thermal Shutdown Under Voltage Shutdown UVLO VIN=3.3V, VOUT = 3.0V, RSET=26.8K, TA=25°C 250 263 Shutdown Threshold 140 Return from Shutdown 130 Hysteresis 10 VIN increasing 1.55 Under Voltage Shutdown Hysteresis 1.65 276 mA °C 1.75 V 50 mV Dynamic Turn On Time tON RL=500 , CL=0.001uF 70 S Turn Off Time tOFF RL=500 , CL=0.001uF 600 nS VOUT Rise Time tRISE RL=500 , CL=0.001uF 40 S VOUT Fall Time tFALL RL=500 , CL=0.001uF Over Current Blanking Time tBLANK FPF2213, FPF2214 15 30 60 mS Auto-Restart Time tRSTRT FPF2213 225 450 900 mS Current Limit Response Time FPF2213-FPF2215 Rev. B VIN = VON = 3.3V. Over-Current Condition: RLOAD=VIN/(ILIMx4) 4 100 5 nS S www.fairchildsemi.com FPF2213-FPF2215 Integrated Load Switch with Adjustable High Precision Current Limit Parameter 80 80 70 70 60 SUPPLY CURRENT (uA) SUPPLY CURRENT (uA) VON=VIN VON = VIN o 85 C 50 o 25 C 40 o -40 C 30 VIN=5.5V 60 50 40 30 20 20 10 10 1 2 3 4 5 -40 6 -15 35 60 85 Figure 2. Quiescent Current vs. Temperature 1.6 1.4 1.4 1.2 VON SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) VON SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) Figure 1. Quiescent Current vs. Input Voltage 1.2 VIH 1.0 10 TJ, JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (oC) SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) VIL 0.8 0.6 0.4 VIN=5.5V 1.0 VIN=3.3V 0.8 VIN=1.2V 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.2 1 2 3 4 5 -40 6 -15 10 35 60 85 o TJ, JUNCTION TEMPERATURE ( C) VIN, SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) Figure 3. VON vs. Input Voltage Figure 4. VON High Voltage vs. Temperature 1.6 0.05 1.4 0.04 ON PIN CURRENT (uA) VON SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) VIN=3.3V VIN=1.8V VIN=5.5V 1.2 1 VIN=3.3V 0.8 VIN=1.2V 0.6 0.03 0.02 VON = 5.5V 0.01 0.00 0.4 -40 -15 10 35 60 -0.01 85 -40 o -15 10 35 60 85 o TJ, JUNCTION TEMPERATURE ( C) TJ, JUNCTION TEMPERATURE ( C) Figure 5. VON Low Voltage vs. Temperature FPF2213-FPF2215 Rev. B VON = 0V Figure 6. On Pin Current vs. Temperature 5 www.fairchildsemi.com FPF2213-FPF2215 Integrated Load Switch with Adjustable High Precision Current Limit Typical Characteristics 290 300 285 SUPPLY CURRENT ( mA) OUTPUT CURRENT (mA) 250 200 150 100 50 280 275 265 VIN = 3.3V VIN = 5.5V 260 255 250 -40 0 0 1 2 3 VIN-VOUT (V) 4 5 6 430 450 390 60 85 RON (mOhms) 400 350 85oC 310 270 25oC -40oC 190 VIN=1.8V 350 VIN=3.3V 300 VIN=5.5V 250 230 200 2.5 3.5 4.5 150 -40 5.5 -15 Figure 9. RON vs. Input Voltage 1000 RISE / FALL TIMES (uS) TRISE TOFF 1 10 35 60 85 TJ, JUNCTION TEMPERATURE ( C) VIN = 3.3V RL = 500 Ohms COUT = 0.11uF 10 TFALL 1 0.1 -40 85 o -15 10 35 60 85 o TJ, JUNCTION TEMPERATURE ( C) Figure 11. TON / TOFF vs. Temperature FPF2213-FPF2215 Rev. B 60 100 10 -15 35 Figure 10. RON vs. Temperature VIN = 3.3V RL = 500 Ohms COUT = 0.11uF TON 100 10 TJ, JUNCTION TEMPERATURE ( C) VIN, SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) TURN-ON/OFF TIMES (uS) 35 Figure 8. Current Limit vs. Temperature 500 0.1 -40 10 o 470 150 1.5 -15 TJ, JUNCTION TEMPERATURE ( C) Figure 7. Current Limit vs. Output Voltage RON (mOhms) VIN = 1.8V 270 Figure 12. TRISE / TFALL vs. Temperature 6 www.fairchildsemi.com FPF2213-FPF2215 Integrated Load Switch with Adjustable High Precision Current Limit Typical Characteristics VIN 2V/DIV VIN 2V/DIV IOUT 10mA/DIV IOUT 10mA/DIV VON 2V/DIV VOUT 2V/DIV VON 2V/DIV VOUT 2V/DIV VIN=3.3V, RL=500 , CIN=10uF, RSET=26.8K VIN=3.3V, RL =500 , CIN=10uF, RSET =26.8K 100 s/DIV 500ns/DIV Figure 13. Turn On Reponse VON 2V/DIV Figure 14. Turn Off Reponse VIN=3.3V, RL=5 , CIN=10uF, COUT=1uF, RSET=26.8K VON 2V/DIV IOUT 200mA/DIV IOUT 200mA/DIV VFLAG 2V/DIV VOUT 2V/DIV VFLAG 2V/DIV VOUT 2V/DIV 200 s/DIV 200 s/DIV Figure 15. Current Limit Response (Output is loaded with 5 resistor and COUT=1 F) Figure 16. Current Limit Response (Output is loaded with 5 resistor and COUT=10 F) VIN=5V, RL=5 , CIN=10uF, COUT=100uF, RSET=26.8K IOUT 200mA/DIV VIN=VON 2V/DIV IOUT 200mA/DIV VFLAG 2V/DIV VOUT 2V/DIV VOUT 2V/DIV VON 2V/DIV VIN=VON=3.3V, RL=5 , CIN=10uF, COUT=1uF, RSET=26.8K 50 s/DIV 500 s/DIV Figure 18. Current Limit Response (Switch is powered into a short - input and enable pin are tied together) Figure 17. Current Limit Response (Output is loaded with 5 resistor and COUT=100 F) FPF2213-FPF2215 Rev. B VIN=5V, RL=5 , CIN=10uF, COUT=10uF, RSET=26.8K 7 www.fairchildsemi.com FPF2213-FPF2215 Integrated Load Switch with Adjustable High Precision Current Limit Typical Characteristics VIN=3.3V, RL=100 , CIN=10uF, COUT=100uF, RSET=26.8K VON 2V/DIV IOUT 200mA/DIV VON 2V/DIV IOUT 5A/DIV VFLAG 2V/DIV VOUT 2V/DIV VIN=3.3V, RL=100 , CIN=10uF, COUT=1uF, RSET=26.8K VOUT 2V/DIV 20 s/DIV 500 s/DIV Figure 19. Current Limit Response (Output is loaded with large capacitor) FPF2213-FPF2215 Rev. B Figure 20. Current Limit Response (Output shorted to GND while the switch is in normal operation) 8 www.fairchildsemi.com FPF2213-FPF2215 Integrated Load Switch with Adjustable High Precision Current Limit Typical Characteristics Undervoltage Lockout (UVLO) The FPF2213, FPF2214, and FPF2215 are state of the art Adjustable High Precision Current Limit switches that protect systems and loads which can be damaged or disrupted by the application of high currents. The core of each device is a 0.27 P-channel MOSFET and a controller capable of functioning over an input operating range of 1.8V - 5.5V. The controller protects offers current limiting, UVLO(undervoltage lockout) and thermal shutdown protection. The current limit is adjustable from 100mA to 250mA through the selection of an external resistor. The undervoltage lockout turns-off the switch if the input voltage drops below the undervoltage lockout threshold. With the ON pin active the input voltage rising above the undervoltage lockout threshold will cause a controlled turn-on of the switch which limits current over-shoots. Output Discharge Resistor The FPF2213/4/5 family contains an 80 on-chip load resistor for quick output discharge when the switch is turned off. This features become more attractive when application requires large output capacitor to be discharge when the switch tunrs off. However, VOUT pin should not be connected directly to the battery source due to the discharge mechanism of the load switch. On/Off Control The ON pin is active high, and controls the state of the switch. Applying a continuous high signal will hold the switch in the on state. The switch will move into the OFF state when the active high is removed, or if a fault is encountered. For all versions, an undervoltage on VIN or a junction temperature in excess of 140°C overrides the ON control to turn off the switch. In addition, excessive currents will cause the switch to turn off in the FPF2213 and FPF2214. The FPF2213 has an Auto-Restart feature which will automatically turn the switch on again after 450ms. For the FPF2214, the ON pin must be toggled to turn-on the switch again. The FPF2215 does not turn off in response to an over current condition but instead remains operating in a constant current mode so long as ON is active and the thermal shutdown or UVLO have not activated. Thermal Shutdown The thermal shutdown protects the die from internally or externally generated excessive temperatures. During an overtemperature condition the FLAGB is activated and the switch is turned-off. The switch automatically turns-on again if temperature of the die drops below the threshold temperature. Fault Reporting Upon the detection of an over-current condition, an input UVLO, or an over-temperature condition, the FLAGB signals the fault mode by activating LO. In the event of an over-current condition for the FPF2213 and FPF2214, the FLAGB goes LO at the end of the blanking time while FLAGB goes LO immediately for the FPF2215. If the over-current condition lasts longer than blanking time, FLAGB remains LO through the Auto-Restart Time for the FPF2213 while for the FPF2214, FLAGB is latched LO and ON must be toggled to release it. With the FPF2215, FLAGB is LO during the faults and immediately returns HI at the end of the fault condition. FLAGB is an open-drain MOSFET which requires a pull-up resistor between VIN and FLAGB. During shutdown, the pull-down on FLAGB is disabled to reduce current draw from the supply. A 100K pull up resistor is recommended to be used in the application. Current Limiting The current limit ensures that the current through the switch doesn't exceed a maximum value while not limiting at less than a minimum value. The current at which the parts will limit is adjustable through the selection of an external resistor connected to the ISET pin. Information for selecting the resistor is found in the Application Information section of this datasheet. The FPF2213 and FPF2214 have a blanking time of 30ms (nominal) during which the switch will act as a constant current source. At the end of the blanking time, the switch will be turned-off. The FPF2215 has no current limit blanking period so it will remain in a constant current state until the ON pin is deactivated or the thermal shutdown turns-off the switch. FPF2213-FPF2215 Rev. B 9 www.fairchildsemi.com FPF2213-FPF2215 Integrated Load Switch with Adjustable High Precision Current Limit Description of Operation 305 Setting Current Limit The FPF2213, FPF2214, and FPF2215 have adjustable high precision current limit which is set with an external resistor connected between ISET and GND. Please see the layout recommendation section of the application note for the recommended RSET layout. The RSET resistance is selected by using the following equation: 275 ILIMIT (mA) 245 7050 ILIM (Typ) (mA) = 215 185 155 RSET (K ) Max Typ 125 Min 95 26 For a particular ILIM(min) value, RSET can be calculated from below formula: 32 38 44 50 56 62 RSET (KOhms) Figure 21. ILIM vs RSET 7050 RSET(K ) = ILIM (Min) (mA) + 10 + 750 Input Capacitor ILIM (Min) (mA) To limit the voltage drop on the input supply caused by transient in-rush currents when the switch is turned on into a discharged load capacitor or a short-circuit, a capacitor is recommended to be placed between VIN and GND. A 1uF ceramic capacitor, CIN, placed close to the pins is usually sufficient. Higher values of CIN can be used to further reduce the voltage drop. FPF221X family has 5% precision at higher load current. The ILIM (Max) and tolerance of current limit value can be determined using Figure 21 (ILIM vs RSET ) and the following formula: Output Capacitor Tolerance (%) = 100 * ILIM (Max) = A 0.1uF capacitor COUT, should be placed between VOUT and GND. This capacitor will prevent parasitic board inductances from forcing VOUT below GND when the switch turns-off. For the FPF2213 and FPF2214, the total output capacitance needs to be kept below a maximum value, COUT(max), to prevent the part from registering an over-current condition and turning-off the switch. The maximum output capacitance can be determined from the following formula: ILIM (Typ) - ILIM (Min) ILIM (Typ) I * Tolerance (%) ILIM (Typ) + LIM (Typ) 100 The table and figure below can be used to select RSET: COUT (Max) = RSET [k ] Min. Current Limit [mA] Typ. Current Limit [mA] Max. Current Limit [mA] Tol [%] 26.8 250 263 276 5.0 28.0 238 252 265 5.4 29.4 226 240 253 5.7 30.0 221 235 249 5.8 32.4 204 218 232 6.4 36.5 179 193 208 7.5 40.2 160 175 190 8.5 48.7 129 145 161 11.1 60.0 100 118 135 15.0 ILIM (Max) * tBLANK (Min) VIN Power Dissipation During normal on-state operation, the power dissipated in the device will depend upon the level at which the current limit is set. The maximum allowed setting for the current limit is 250mA and will result in a power dissipation of: P = (ILIM)2 * RDS = (0.25)2 * 0.275 = 17mW If the part goes into current limit, maximum power dissipation will occur when the output is shorted to ground. For the FPF2213, the power dissipation will be scaled by the AutoRestart Time, tRSTRT, and the Over Current Blanking Time, tBLANK. Therefore, the maximum power dissipated is: Table 1: RSET Selection Guide P (Max) = = FPF2213-FPF2215 Rev. B 10 tBLANK tBLANK + tRSTRT 30 30 + 450 * VIN (Max) * ILIM (Max) * 5.5 * 0.276 = 94mW www.fairchildsemi.com FPF2213-FPF2215 Integrated Load Switch with Adjustable High Precision Current Limit Application Information The following techniques have been identified to improve the thermal performance of this family of devices. These techniques are listed in order of the significance of their impact. 1. Thermal performance of the load switch can be improved by connecting pin7 of the DAP (Die Attach Pad) to the GND plane of the PCB. 2. Embedding two exposed through-hole vias into the DAP (pin7) provides a path for heat to transfer to the back GND plane of the PCB. A drill size of Round, 14 mils (0.35mm) with 1-ounce copper plating is recommended to result in appropriate solder reflow. A smaller size hole prevents the solder from penetrating into the via, resulting in device lift-up. Similarly, a larger via-hole consumes excessive solder, and may result in voiding of the DAP. P (Max) = VIN (MAX) * ILIM (MAX) = 5.5 * 0.276 = 1.5W This large amount of power will activate the thermal shutdown and the part will cycle in and out of thermal shutdown so long as the ON pin is active and the short is present. PCB Layout Recommendations In order to benefit from adjustable, high-precision load switch devices, a high-precision RSET value must be used to set a tight current limit tolerance. Since ILIMIT (current limit value) is determined by the voltage drop across the RSET, a poor PCB layout can introduce parasitic noise on the ISET pin resulting in a minor variation of ILIMIT. To improve the ILIMIT stability, parasitic noise coupling mechanisms from ISET to GND must be minimized. This becomes more critical when ILIMIT is set close to the nominal load current operation where parasitic effects could cause the device to go in and out of current limit and result in an error flag report. Care must be taken to provide a direct current return path between the RSET ground pad and the device ground pad (pin5). Please see current pad #2 in figure below. Figure 23: Two through hole open vias embedded in DAP 1)Power current path 2)RSET current path Figure 22: Eliminate parasitic noise of ISET-GND by providing a separate ground route, unique from the power ground plane Figure 24: X-Ray result (bottom view with 45o angle) 3. The VIN, VOUT and GND pins will dissipate most of the heat generated during a high load current condition. Using wide traces will help minimize parasitic electrical effects along with minimizing the case to ambient thermal impedance. The layout suggested in Figure 25 provides each pin with adequate copper so that heat may be transferred as efficiently as possible out of the device. The low-power FLAGB and ON pin traces may be laid-out diagonally from the device to maximize the area available to the ground pad. Placing the input and output capacitors as close to the device as possible also contributes to heat dissipation, particularly during high load currents. Improving Thermal Performance An improper layout could result in higher junction temperature and triggering the thermal shutdown protection feature. This concern applies when the switch is set at higher current limit value and an over-current condition occurs. In this case, the power dissipation of the switch, from the formula below, could exceed the maximum absolute power dissipation of 1.2W. PD = (VIN - VOUT) x ILIM (Max) FPF2213-FPF2215 Rev. B 11 www.fairchildsemi.com FPF2213-FPF2215 Integrated Load Switch with Adjustable High Precision Current Limit Take note that this is below the maximum package power dissipation, and the thermal shutdown feature will act as additional safety to protect the part from damage due to excessive heating. The junction temperature is only able to increase to the thermal shutdown threshold. Once this temperature has been reached, toggling ON will not turn-on the switch until the junction temperature drops. For the FPF2215, a short on the output will cause the part to operate in a constant current state dissipating a worst case power of: FPF2213-FPF2215 Integrated Load Switch with Adjustable High Precision Current Limit Figure 28: Zoom in to Top layer Figure 25: Proper layout of output and ground copper area FPF22XX Demo Board FPF22XX Demo board has components and circuitry to demonstrate FPF2213/4/5 load switches functions and features. R4 resistor with 0 value is used for measuring the output current. Load current can be scoped by removing the R4 resistor and soldering a current loop to the R4 footprint. Thermal performance of the board is improved using a few techniques recommended in the layout recommendations section of datasheet. Figure 26: Top, SST, and AST Layers Figure 27: Bottom and ASB Layers FPF2213-FPF2215 Rev. B 12 www.fairchildsemi.com www.fairchildsemi.com 13 FPF2213-FPF2215 Rev. B FPF2213-FPF2215 Integrated Load Switch with Adjustable High Precision Current Limit Dimensional Outline and Pad Layout The following are registered and unregistered trademarks and service marks Fairchild Semiconductor owns or is authorized to use and is not intended to be an exhaustive list of all such trademarks. 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Life support devices or systems are devices or systems which, (a) are intended for surgical implant into the body, or (b) support or sustain life, and (c) whose failure to perform when properly used in accordance with instructions for use provided in the labeling, can be reasonably expected to result in significant injury to the user. 2. A critical component is any component of a life support device or system whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to cause the failure of the life support device or system, or to affect its safety or effectiveness. PRODUCT STATUS DEFINITIONS Definition of Terms Datasheet Identification Product Status Definition Advance Information Formative or In Design This datasheet contains the design specifications for product development. Specifications may change in any manner without notice. Preliminary First Production This datasheet contains preliminary data; supplementary data will be published at a later date. Fairchild Semiconductor reserves the right to make changes at any time without notice to improve design. No Identification Needed Full Production This datasheet contains final specifications. Fairchild Semiconductor reserves the right to make changes at any time without notice to improve design. Obsolete Not In Production This datasheet contains specifications on a product that has been discontinued by Fairchild semiconductor. The datasheet is printed for reference information only. Rev. I33 FPF2213-FPF2215 Rev. B 14 www.fairchildsemi.com FPF2213-FPF2215 Integrated Load Switch with Adjustable High Precision Current Limit TRADEMARKS