POWER OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS PA84 • PA84A • PA84S HTTP://WWW.APEXMICROTECH.COM M I C R O T E C H N O L O G Y (800) 546-APEX (800) 546-2739 FEATURES • HIGH SLEW RATE — 200V/µs • FAST SETTLING TIME — .1% in 1µs (PA84S) • FULLY PROTECTED INPUT — Up to ±150v • LOW BIAS CURRENT, LOW NOISE — FET Input • WIDE SUPPLY RANGE — ±15V to ±150V APPLICATIONS 100K 50K • HIGH VOLTAGE INSTRUMENTATION • ELECTROSTATIC TRANSDUCERS & DEFLECTION • PROGRAMMABLE POWER SUPPLIES UP TO 290V • ANALOG SIMULATORS +150V 4.7K DAC DESCRIPTION 390pF ±10V 10K The PA84 is a high voltage operational amplifier designed for output voltage swings up to ±145V with a dual supply or 290V with a single supply. Two versions are available. The new PA84S, fast settling amplifier can absorb differential input overvoltages up to ±50V while the established PA84 and PA84A can handle differential input overvoltages of up to ±300V. Both versions are protected against common mode transients and overvoltages up to the supply rails. High accuracy is achieved with a cascode input circuit configuration. All internal biasing is referenced to a zener diode fed by a FET constant current source. As a result, the PA84 features an unprecedented supply range and excellent supply rejection. The output stage is biasedon for linear operation. External phase compensation allows for user flexibility in obtaining the maximum slew rate. Fixed current limits protect these amplifiers against shorts to common at supply voltages up to 150V. For operation into inductive loads, two external flyback pulse protection diodes are recommended. However, a heatsink may be necessary to maintain the proper case temperature under normal operating conditions. This hybrid integrated circuit utilizes a beryllia (BeO) substrate, thick film resistors, ceramic capacitors and semiconductor chips to maximize reliability, minimize size and give top performance. Ultrasonically bonded aluminum wires provide reliable interconnections at all operating temperatures. The 8pin TO-3 package is hermetically sealed and electrically isolated. The use of compressible thermal isolation washers and/or improper mounting torque will void the product warranty. Please see “General Operating Considerations”. PA84 INK JET CONTROL ...... ...... ...... –150V TYPICAL APPLICATION The PA84 is ideally suited to driving ink jet control units (often a piezo electric device) which require precise pulse shape control to deposit crisp clear date or lot code information on product containers. The external compensation network has been optimized to match the gain setting of the circuit and the complex impedance of the ink jet control unit. The combination of speed and high voltage capabilities of the PA84 form ink droplets of uniform volume at high production rates to enhance the value of the printer. EQUIVALENT SCHEMATIC 4 2 C1 D1 3 Q3 Q2 Q1 Q4 Q5 Q6 8 Q8 Q9 Q10 C5 * EXTERNAL CONNECTION * 3 2 +VS 1 OUT CC 4 BAL TOP VIEW 5 RC –IN 6 +IN 8 7 –VS COMP GAIN CC RC 6 1 10 100 1000 10nF 500pF 50pF none 200 Ω 2K Ω 20K Ω none 7 Q11 Q12B 1 Q12A 5 PHASE COMPENSATION BAL C4 Q7 * C6 * Q13 * Q14 * Q16 Q17 Q15 D2 NOTES: 1. Phase Compensation required for safe operation. 2. Input offset trimpot optional. Recommended value 100K Ω . APEX MICROTECHNOLOGY CORPORATION • TELEPHONE (520) 690-8600 • FAX (520) 888-3329 • ORDERS (520) 690-8601 • EMAIL [email protected] ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS SPECIFICATIONS PA84 • PA84A • PA84S ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS SUPPLY VOLTAGE, +VS to –VS OUTPUT CURRENT, within SOA POWER DISSIPATION, internal at TC = 25°C2 INPUT VOLTAGE, differential PA84/PA84A1 INPUT VOLTAGE, differential PA84S INPUT VOLTAGE, common mode1 TEMPERATURE, pins for 10s max (solder) TEMPERATURE, junction2 TEMPERATURE RANGE, storage OPERATING TEMPERATURE RANGE, case 300V Internally Limited 17.5W ±300V ±50V ±VS 300°C 200°C –65 to +150°C –55 to +125°C PA84/PA84S PA84A SPECIFICATIONS PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS 3 MIN TYP MAX MIN TYP MAX UNITS ±.5 ±5 ±.2 * 3 * ±1.5 * * * * * ±1 ±10 mV µV/°C µV/V µV/√kh pA pA/V pA pA/V Ω pF V dB INPUT OFFSET VOLTAGE, initial OFFSET VOLTAGE, vs. temperature OFFSET VOLTAGE, vs. supply OFFSET VOLTAGE, vs. time BIAS CURRENT, initial4 BIAS CURRENT, vs. supply OFFSET CURRENT, initial4 OFFSET CURRENT, vs. supply INPUT IMPEDANCE, DC INPUT CAPACITANCE COMMON MODE VOLTAGE RANGE5 COMMON MODE REJECTION, DC TC TC TC TC TC TC TC TC TC TC TC TC = 25°C = –25° to +85°C = 25°C = 25°C = 25°C = 25°C = 25°C = 25°C = 25°C = –25° to +85°C = –25° to +85°C = –25° to +85°C TC TC TC TC TC = 25°C, RL = ∞ = 25°C, RL = 3.5KΩ = 25°C, RL = 3.5KΩ, RC = 20KΩ = 25°C, RL = 3.5KΩ, RC = 20KΩ = 25°C, RL = 3.5KΩ, RC = 20KΩ ±1.5 ±10 ±.5 ±75 5 .01 ±2.5 ±.01 1011 6 ±VS–10 ±VS–8.5 130 ±3 ±25 50 ±50 * 10 ±10 GAIN OPEN LOOP GAIN at 10Hz OPEN LOOP GAIN at 10Hz. GAIN BANDWIDTH PRODUCT@ 1MHz POWER BANDWIDTH, high gain POWER BANDWIDTH, low gain 100 120 118 75 250 120 * 180 * * * * * dB dB MHz kHz kHz * * V V mA mA V/µs V/µs µs µs µs µs OUTPUT VOLTAGE SWING5 VOLTAGE SWING5 CURRENT, peak CURRENT, short circuit SLEW RATE, high gain SLEW RATE, low gain SETTLING TIME .01% at gain = 100 SETTLING TIME .1% at gain = 100 SETTLING TIME .01% at gain = 100 SETTLING TIME .1% at gain = 100 TC = 25°C, IO = ±40mA ±VS–7 TC = –25° to +85°C, IO = ±15mA ±VS–5 40 TC = 25°C TC = 25°C TC = 25°C, RL = 3.5KΩ, RC = 20KΩ TC = 25°C, RL = 3.5KΩ, RC = 2KΩ PA84S TC = 25°C, RL = 3.5KΩ RC = 20KΩ, VIN = 2V step ONLY TC = 25°C, RL = 3.5KΩ PA84/84A RC = 20KΩ, VIN = 2V step ±VS–3 ±VS–2 * * * 50 200 125 2 1 20 12 150 * * * 20 12 POWER SUPPLY VOLTAGE CURRENT, quiescent TC = –55°C to +125°C TC = 25°C ±15 5.5 ±150 7.5 * * * * V mA * °C/W °C/W °C/W °C THERMAL RESISTANCE, AC, junction to case6 RESISTANCE, DC, junction to case RESISTANCE, case to air TEMPERATURE RANGE, case NOTES: * 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. CAUTION TC = –55°C to +125°C, F > 60Hz TC = –55°C to +125°C, F < 60Hz TC = –55°C to +125°C Meets full range specifications 3.8 6 30 –25 * * * 6.5 +85 * * The specification of PA84A is identical to the specification for PA84/PA84S in applicable column to the left. Signal slew rates at pins 5 and 6 must be limited to less than 1V/ns to avoid damage. When faster waveforms are unavoidable, resistors in series with those pins, limiting current to 150mA will protect the amplifier from damage. Long term operation at the maximum junction temperature will result in reduced product life. Derate internal power dissipation to achieve high MTTF. The power supply voltage for all tests is ±150V, unless otherwise noted as a test condition. Doubles for every 10°C of temperature increase. +VS and –VS denote the positive and negative power supply rail respectively. Rating applies if the output current alternates between both output transistors at a rate faster than 60Hz. The internal substrate contains beryllia (BeO). Do not break the seal. If accidentally broken, do not crush, machine, or subject to temperatures in excess of 850°C to avoid generating toxic fumes. APEX MICROTECHNOLOGY CORPORATION • 5980 NORTH SHANNON ROAD • TUCSON, ARIZONA 85741 • USA • APPLICATIONS HOTLINE: 1 (800) 546-2739 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE GRAPHS CURRENT LIMIT 80 25 70 CURRENT LIMIT, ILIM (mA) 10 5 0 0 50 40 30 20 –55 –25 0 25 50 75 100 125 CASE TEMPERATURE, TC (°C) 25 50 75 100 125 150 TEMPERATURE, TC (°C) 30 RL = 3.5K Ω COMMON MODE REJECTION 120 100 80 60 40 20 1 10 100 1K 10K .1M 1M FREQUENCY, F (Hz) 1.4 1.2 1.0 .8 .6 RL = 3.5K Ω .4 250 300 30 50 100 150 200 TOTAL SUPPLY VOLTAGE, VS (V) POWER SUPPLY REJECTION, PSR (dB) COMMON MODE REJECTION, CMR (dB) 20 5K 10K 20K 200 500 1K 2K EXT. COMPENSATION RESISTANCE, RC ( Ω) 140 70 1.6 NORMALIZED SLEW RATE (X) OPEN LOOP GAIN, AOL (dB) SLEW RATE (V/µS) 50 10 20 30 40 50 60 OUTPUT CURRENT, IO (mA) POWER SUPPLY REJECTION 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 1 10 100 1K 10K .1M 1M FREQUENCY, F (Hz) pF /50 70 TC 0 C 5° =8 Ω 100 1.5 – 60 pF 00 /5 150 2.0 = 100 30 VS = ±150V 15 50K .1M .2M .3M .5M .7M 1M FREQUENCY, F (Hz) SLEW RATE VS. SUPPLY SLEW RATE VS. COMP 200 TC 150 RC / C C = /C 2 C = 0K 10 100 1K 10K .1M 1M 10M FREQUENCY, F (Hz) 2.5 25 = °C C F 1 TC 3.0 °C 25 R 0n –20 200 /1 RL = 3.5K Ω 0 4.5 POWER RESPONSE 0Ω 20 –8 300 3.5 TC = –25°C –6 20 40 –4 5.0 4.0 TC = 25°C –2 Ω 60 RL = 3.5KΩ 0 2K 80 TC = 85°C 2 = /C C RC pF 50 Ω/ 0K =2 F 0p nF /C C /50 /10 RC KΩ 0Ω =2 20 = /C C RC /C C RC 100 OUTPUT VOLTAGE SWING VOLTAGE DROP SUPPLY, VS–VO(V) SMALL SIGNAL RESPONSE 120 OPEN LOOP GAIN 4 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 TOTAL SUPPLY VOLTAGE, VS (V) OUTPUT VOLTAGE, VO (VPP ) 15 60 INPUT NOISE INPUT NOISE VOLTAGE, VN (nV/ √ Hz) 20 COMMON MODE VOLTAGE, VCM (VPP) INTERNAL POWER DISSIPATION, P(W) POWER DERATING 30 RELATIVE OPEN LOOP GAIN, A(dB) PA84 • PA84A • PA84S 20 15 10 7 5 3 2 10 300 100 1K 10K FREQUENCY, F (Hz) .1M COMMON MODE VOLTAGE 200 150 100 50 30 VS = ±150V 15 10K 20K 50K .1M .2M .5M 1M FREQUENCY, F (Hz) APEX MICROTECHNOLOGY CORPORATION • TELEPHONE (520) 690-8600 • FAX (520) 888-3329 • ORDERS (520) 690-8601 • EMAIL [email protected] OPERATING CONSIDERATIONS PA84 • PA84A • PA84S GENERAL Please read the “General Operating Considerations” section, which covers stability, supplies, heatsinking, mounting, current limit, SOA interpretation, and specification interpretation. Additional information can be found in the application notes. For information on the package outline, heatsinks, and mounting hardware, consult the “Accessory and Package Mechanical Data” section of the handbook. SAFE OPERATING AREA (SOA) The bipolar output stage of this high voltage operational amplifier has two output limitations: OUTPUT CURRENT FROM +VS OR –VS (mA) 1. The internal current limit which limits maximum available output current. 2. The second breakdown effect, which occurs whenever the simultaneous collector current and collector-emitter voltage exceeds specified limits. 50 ST t= EA D Y 40 t= 5m FIGURE 1. PROTECTIVE, INDUCTIVE LOAD +VS 1m s s ST Be sure the diode voltage rating is greater than the total of both supplies. The diode will turn on to divert the flyback energy into the supply rails thus protecting the output transistors from destruction due to reverse bias. A note of caution about the supply. The energy of the flyback pulse must be absorbed by the power supply. As a result, a transient will be superimposed on the supply voltage, the magnitude of the transient being a function of its transient impedance and current sinking capability. If the supply voltage plus transient exceeds the maximum supply rating or if the AC impedance of the supply is unknown, it is best to clamp the output and the supply with a zener diode to absorb the transient. AT E 35 –VS 30 STABILITY Due to its large bandwidth the PA84 is more likely to oscillate than lower bandwidth Power Operational Amplifiers such as the PA83 or PA08. To prevent oscillations, a reasonable phase margin must be maintained by: 25 SAFE OPERATING AREA CURVES 20 150 170 200 250 300 SUPPLY TO OUTPUT DIFFERENTIAL VOLTAGE (V) The SOA curves combine the effect of these limits. For a given application, the direction and magnitude of the output current should be calculated or measured and checked against the SOA curves. This is simple for resistive loads but more complex for reactive and EMF generating loads. However, the following guidelines may save extensive analytical efforts: 1. The following capacitive and inductive loads are safe: ±VS C(MAX) L(MAX) 150V 1.2µF .7H 125V 6.0µF 25H 100V 12µF 90H 75V ALL ALL 2. Short circuits to ground are safe with dual supplies up to ±150V or single supplies up to 150V. 3. Short circuits to the supply rails are safe with total supply voltages up to 150V (i.e. ±75V). 1. Selection of the proper phase compensation capacitor and resistor. Use the values given in the table under external connections and interpolate if necessary. The phase margin can be increased by using a large capacitor and a smaller resistor than the slew rate optimized values listed in the table. The compensation capacitor may be connected to common (in lieu of +VS) if the positive supply is properly bypassed to common. Because the voltage at pin 8 is only a few volts below the positive supply, this ground connection requires the use of a high voltage capacitor. 2. Keeping the external sumpoint stray capacitance to ground at a minimum and the sumpoint load resistance (input and feedback resistors in parallel) below 500Ω. Larger sumpoint load resistance can be used with increased phase compensation (see 1 above). 3. Connecting the amplifier case to a local AC common thus preventing it from acting as an antenna. OUTPUT PROTECTION Two external diodes as shown in Figure 2, are required to protect these amplifiers against flyback (kickback) pulses exceeding the supply voltages of the amplifier when driving inductive loads. For component selection, these external diodes must be very quick, such as ultra fast recovery diodes with no more than 200 nanoseconds of reverse recovery time. This data sheet has been carefully checked and is believed to be reliable, however, no responsibility is assumed for possible inaccuracies or omissions. All specifications are subject to change without notice. PA84U REV. L JANUARY 2000 © 2000 Apex Microtechnology Corp.