GAMMA GM6603

GM6603
3.0A LOW DROPOUT
PRECISION REGULATOR
Description
Features
GM6603 series of positive adjustable and fixed
regulators is designed to provide 3A output current
with low dropout voltage performance.
On-chip trimming adjusts the reference voltage with
an accuracy of ±2%. Besides the features
mentioned, GM6603 works well in post regulators
or micro-processor power supplies where low
voltage operation and fast transient response are
required. GM6603 includes over current protection
and thermal shutdown protection as well.
GM6605 is available in TO-220 and surface-mount TO252 and TO-263 packages.
„
Adjustable or Fixed Output
„
Output Current of 3.0A
„
Low Dropout, 1.15V max at 3A
Output Current
„
0.04% Line Regulation
„
0.2 % Load Regulation
„
Current Limit Protection
„
100% Thermal Limit Burn-In
„
Fast Transient Response
Applications
„
Microprocessor Supply
„
Printer Supplies
„
Post Regulators for Switching Supplies
„
Motherboards
„
Telecommunication Systems
Typical Application Circuit
CIN
10µF
3
VIN
GM6603-3.3
1
GND
2
VOUT
VOUT = 3.3V
VIN > 4.75V
3.0A
COUT
10µF
CIN
10µF
3
VIN
GM6603-adj
1
ADJ
2
VOUT
VOUT =3.45V
3.0A
R1
133
1%
R2
232
1%
Fixed Output Voltage Version
Notes:
1. C IN needed if device is far from filter capacitors
2. C OUT minimum value required for stability
Adjustable Output Voltage Version
COUT
10µF
GM6603V1.00
VIN > 4.75V
1
GM6603
3.0A LOW DROPOUT
PRECISION REGULATOR
Marking Information and Pin Configurations (Top View)
TO 252
(D-PAK)
TO 220
GM6603
VVAYWW
TO 263
(D2-PAK)
GM6603
VVAYWW
GM6603
VVAYWW
3. VIN
GM6603V1.00
3. VIN
3. VIN
2 VOUT
1. GND/ADJ
2
2. VOUT
1. GND/ADJ
2. VOUT
1.GND/ADJ
VV: Output Voltage Codes (05: 5.0V, …A: ADJ)
A: Assembly/Test Site Code
Y: Year
WW: Week
GM6603
3.0A LOW DROPOUT
PRECISION REGULATOR
Ordering Number
VOUT
Package
Shipping
GM6603-ATA3T
TO-263
50 Units/Tube
GM6603-ATA3R
TO-263
800 Units / Reel
TO-220
50 Units/Tube
GM6603-ATC3T
TO-252
80 Units/Tube
GM6603-ATC3R
TO-252
2,500 Units / Reel
GM6603-1.8TA3T
TO-263
50 Units/Tube
GM6603-1.8TA3R
TO-263
800 Units / Reel
TO-220
50 Units/Tube
GM6603-1.8TC3T
TO-252
80 Units/Tube
GM6603-1.8TC3R
TO-252
2,500 Units / Reel
GM6603-2.5TA3T
TO-263
50 Units/Tube
GM6603-2.5TA3R
TO-263
800 Units / Reel
TO-220
50 Units/Tube
GM6603-2.5TC3T
TO-252
80 Units/Tube
GM6603-2.5TC3R
TO-252
2,500 Units / Reel
GM6603-3.3TA3T
TO-263
50 Units/Tube
GM6603-3.3TA3R
TO-263
800 Units / Reel
TO-220
50 Units/Tube
GM6603-3.3TC3T
TO-252
80 Units/Tube
GM6603-3.3TC3R
TO-252
2,500 Units / Reel
GM6603-5.0TA3T
TO-263
50 Units/Tube
GM6603-5.0TA3R
TO-263
800 Units / Reel
TO-220
50 Units/Tube
GM6603-5.0TC3T
TO-252
80 Units/Tube
GM6603-5.0TC3R
TO-252
2,500 Units / Reel
GM6603-ATB3T
GM6603-1.8TB3T
GM6603-2.5TB3T
GM6603-3.3TB3T
GM6603-5.0TB3T
Adj
1.8V
2.5V
3.3V
5.0V
GM6603V1.00
Ordering Information
3
GM6603
3.0A LOW DROPOUT
PRECISION REGULATOR
Absolute Maximum Ratings
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
RATINGS
UNITS
Input Voltage
VI
15
V
Power Dissipation
PD
Internally
Limited
W
Operating Junction Temperature
TJ
- 40 to 125
°C
Storage Temperature
Tstg
- 60 to 150
°C
260
°C
Lead Temperature 1.6mm (1/6 inch) from case for 10 seconds
Block Diagram
VIN
VOUT
ADJ
For
fixed
output
Options
GM6603V1.00
GND
4
GM6603
3.0A LOW DROPOUT
PRECISION REGULATOR
Electrical Characteristics (TI = 25°C, Inless otherwise noted)
Reference
Voltage
GM6603-A
Symbol
VREF
GM6603-1.8
GM6603-2.5
Output
Voltage
VO
GM6603-3.3
Line
Regulation
Load
Regulation
Test Condition
Min
Typ
Max
IOUT = 10mA, VIN – VOUT = 1.5V
1.238
1.250
1.262
10mA ≤ IOUT ≤ 3A,
1.5V ≤ VIN – VOUT ≤10V
1.225
1.250
1.275
IOUT = 10mA, VIN = 3.3V
1.782
1.800
1.818
10mA ≤ IOUT ≤ 5A,
3.3V ≤VIN ≤10V
1.764
1.800
1.836
IOUT = 10mA, VIN = 4V
2.475
2.500
2.525
10mA ≤ IOUT ≤ 5A,
4V ≤VIN ≤10V
2.460
2.500
2.540
IOUT = 10mA, VIN = 4.8V
3.267
3.300
3.333
10mA ≤ IOUT ≤ 5A,
4.8V ≤VIN ≤7V
3.247
3.300
3.353
V
IOUT = 10mA, VIN = 6.5V
4.950
5.000
5.050
10mA ≤ IOUT ≤ 5A,
6.5V ≤VIN ≤10V
4.920
5.000
5.080
GM6603-A
IOUT = 10mA
GM6603-1.8
IOUT = 10mA, 3.3V ≤VIN ≤10V
0.04
0.20
%
0.2
0.40
%
1.15
1.3
V
GM6603-2.5
∆VOI
IOUT = 10mA, 4V ≤VIN ≤10V
GM6603-3.3
IOUT = 10mA, 4.8V ≤VIN ≤10V
GM6603-5.0
IOUT = 10mA, 6.5V ≤VIN ≤10V
GM6603-A
VIN –VOUT =1.5V,
10mA ≤ IOUT ≤ 3A
GM6603-1.8
VIN = 3.3V, 10mA ≤ IOUT ≤ 3A
GM6603-2.5
∆VOL
VIN = 4.0V, 10mA ≤ IOUT ≤ 3A
GM6603-3.3
VIN = 4.8V, 10mA ≤ IOUT ≤ 3A
GM6603-5.0
VIN = 6.5V, 10mA ≤ IOUT ≤ 3A
VD
IOUT = 3A
Current Limit
ICL
VIN –VOUT =3V
Minimum Load Current
IO(MIN)
GM6603-1.8
GM6603-2.5
GM6603-3.3
GM6603-A
IQ
VIN = 5.0V
4.5
A
3
7
mA
7
10
mA
IOUT = 10mA, 2.75V ≤VIN ≤10V
40
90
µA
IOUT = 10mA, VIN – VOUT = 1.5V
0.005
%/°C
80
dB
VIN = 4.0V, 10mA ≤ IOUT ≤ 3A
VIN = 4,8V, 10mA ≤ IOUT ≤ 3A
VIN = 6.5V, 10mA ≤ IOUT ≤ 3A
IADJ
Temperature Coefficient
Ripple Rejection
3
VIN = 3.3V, 10mA ≤ IOUT ≤ 3A
GM6603-5.0
Adjust Pin
Current
V
GM6603-5.0
Dropout Voltage
Quiescent
Current
Unit
RA
IOUT = 3A, VIN – VOUT = 1.5V
60
GM6603V1.00
Parameter
5
GM6603
3.0A LOW DROPOUT
PRECISION REGULATOR
Application Information
GM6603 series linear regulators provide fixed and adjustable output voltages at currents up to 3.0A.
These regulators are protected against over-current conditions and include thermal shutdown protection.
The GM6603 has a composite PNP-NPN output transistor and require an output capacitor for stability.
A detailed procedure for selecting this capacitor is as below:
Stability Considerations
The circuit design used in the GM6603 series requires the use of an output capacitor as part of the device
frequency compensation. The addition of 150µF aluminum electrolytic or a 22µF solid tantalum on the output
will ensure stability for all operating conditions.
When the adjustment terminal is bypassed with a capacitor to improve the ripple rejection, the requirement
for an output capacitor increases. The value of 22µF tantalum or 150µF aluminum covers all cases of
bypassing the adjustment terminal. Without bypassing the adjustment terminal smaller capacitors can be
used with equally good results.
To ensure good transient response with heavy load current changes capacitor values on the order of 100µF
are used in the output of many regulators. To further improve stability and transient response of these
devices larger values of output capacitor can be used.
Protection Diodes
Unlike older regulators, the GM6603 family does not need any protection diodes between the adjustment pin
and the output and from the output to the input to prevent over stressing the die. Internal resistors are
limiting the internal current paths on the GM6603 adjustment pin, therefore even with capacitors on the
adjustment pin no protection diode is needed to ensure device safety under short-circuit conditions.
Microsecond surge currents of 50A to 100A can be handled by the internal diode between the input and
output pins of the device. In normal operations it is difficult to get those values of surge currents even with
the use of large output capacitances. If high value output capacitors are used, such as 1000µF to 5000µF at
the input pin, is instantaneously shorted to ground, damage can occur. A diode from output to input is
recommended, when a crowbar circuit at the input of the GM6603 is used. Normal power supply cycling or
even plugging and unplugging in the system will not generate current large enough to do any damage.
The adjustment pin can be driven on a transient basis ±25V, with respect to the output without any device
degradation. As with any IC regulator, none the protection circuitry will be functional and the internal
transistors will break down if the maximum input to output voltage differential is exceeded.
1N4002
VIN
VOUT
GM6603-Adj
R1
ADJ
GM6603V1.00
CADJ
10µF
6
COUT
150µF
R2
Diodes between the input and output are
not usually needed.
Ripple Rejectiopn
The ripple rejection values are measured with the adjustment pin bypassed. The impedance of the adjust pin
capacitor at the ripple frequency should be less than the value of R1 (normally 100. to 120.) for a proper
bypassing and ripple rejection approaching the values shown. The size of the required adjust pin capacitor is
a function of the input ripple frequency. If R1=100. at 120Hz the adjust pin capacitor should be 25µF. At
10kHz only 0.22µF is needed. The ripple rejection will be a function of output voltage, in circuits without an
adjust pin bypass capacitor. The output ripple will increase directly as a ratio of the output voltage to the
reference voltage (VOUT / VREF).
GM6603
3.0A LOW DROPOUT
PRECISION REGULATOR
Output Voltage Sensing
GM6603 series is a three-terminal regulator, so it cannot provide true remote load sensing. Load
regulation is limited by the resistance of the conductors connecting the regulator to the load. For best
results, GM6603 should be connected as shown 1n F1gure 2.
VIN
VOUT
Conductor
Parasitic
RC Resistance
VOUT
VIN
GM6603-A
GM6603-3.3
GND
Conductor
Parasitic
RC Resistance
ADJ
RLOAD
R1
RLOAD
R2
(a) Fixed version
(b) Adjustable version
Figure 1. Conductor Parasitic Resistance Effects are Minimized by
this Grounding Scheme.
Calculating Power Dissipation and Heat Sink Requirements
GM6603 series include thermal shutdown and current limit circuitry to protect the devices. However, high
power regulators normally operate at high junction temperatures so it is important to calculate the power
dissipation and junction temperatures accurately to be sure to use an adequate heat sink. The case is
connected to VOUT on GM6603, so electrical isolation may be required for some applicat1ons. Thermal
compound should always be used with high current regulators like GM6603.
The thermal characteristics of an IC depend on four factors:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Maximum Ambient Temperature TA (°C)
Power Dissipation PD (Watts)
Maximum Junction Temperature TJ (°C)
Thermal Resistance Junction to amb1ent θJA
The relationship of these four factors is expressed by equation (1):
TJ = TA + PD x θJA
Maximum ambient temperature and power dissipation are determ1ned by the design while the maximum
junction temperature and thermal resistance depend on the manufacturer and the package type.
The maximum power dissipation for a regulator is expressed by equation (2):
PD(MAX) = (VIN(MAX) – VOUT(MIN) ) x IOUT(MIN) + VIN(MIN) x IQ
where:
VIN(MAX) is the maximum input voltage,
VOUT(MIN) is the minimum output voltage,
IOUT(MAX) is the maximum output current
IQ is the max1mum quiescent current at IOUT(MAX).
θJA = θJC + θCS + θSA
where:
θJC is the thermal resistance of Junction to Case,
θCS is the thermal resistance of Case to Heat Sink,
θSA is the thermal resistance of Heat Sink to Ambient air.
The value for θJA is calculated using equation (3) and the result can be substituted in equation (1). The
value for θCS is 3.5°C/W for a given package typed based on an average d1ie size. For a high current
regulator such as GM6603, the majority of the heat is generated in the power transistor sect1on.
GM6603V1.00
A heat sink effect1vely increases the surface area of the package to improve the flow of heat away
from the IC into the air. Each material in the heat flow path between the IC and the environment has a
thermal resistance. Like series electrical resistances, these resistance are summed to determine θJA,
the total thermal resistance between the junction and the air. This is expressed by equation (3):
7
GM6603
3.0A LOW DROPOUT
PRECISION REGULATOR
Typical Performance Characteristics
1.12
Reference Voltage Deviation (%)
+0.3
Dropout Voltage (V)
1.15
TCASE = 0°C
1.10
1.05
TCASE = 25°C
1.00
0.95
0.90
TCASE = 125°C
0.85
0.80
0.75
0
+0.2
+0.1
0
-0.1
-0.2
-0.3
0.30 0.60 0.90 1.20 1.50 1.80 2.10 2.40 2.70 3.00
90
120
Figure 2. Bandgap Reference Voltage Deviation
Vs. Temperature
0.65
Minimum Load Current (mA)
Ripple Rejection (dB)
60
Figure 1. Dropout Voltage vs. Output Current
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10 1
10
102
104
103
Frequency (Hz)
105
Figure 3. Ripple Rejection vs. Frequency
GM6603V1.00
30
TJ (°C)
90
8
0
Output Current(A)
106
TCASE = 0°C
0.60
TCASE = 25°C
0.55
TCASE = 125°C
0.50
0.45
0.40
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
VIN - VOUT (V)
Figure 4. Minimum Load Current vs. VIN - VOUT
GM6603
3.0A LOW DROPOUT
PRECISION REGULATOR
Package Outline Dimensions – TO263
0.390 - 0.415
(9.906 - 10.541)
0.105 - 0.180
(4.191 - 4.572)
0.060
(1.524)
TYP
0.045 - 0.055
(1.143 - 1.397)
15
TYP
0.330 - 0.370
(8.382 - 9.398)
0.059
(1.499)
TYP
0.143 + 0.012
0.143 - 0.002
(3.632 + 0305)
(3.362 - 0.508)
0.050 +/- 0.012
(1.270 +/- 0.305)
0.020 - 0.039
(0.510 - 0.990)
0.090 - 0.110
(2.286 - 2.794)
0.013 - 0.023
(0.330 - 0.584)
0.050
(1.270)
Package Outline Dimensions – TO220
4.50 ± 0.20
9.90 ± 0.20
8.70
3.60 ± 0.20
2.80 ± 0.10
8.0
7.0
+0.1
1.30 -0.05
1.30 ± 0.10
1.70
8.40
3°
0.9
7.0
3°
3°
3.00
1.27 ± 0.10
2.54 TYP
(2.54 ± 0.20)
3°
0.80 ± 0.10
1.52 ± 0.10
3-R0.2
+0.1
0.50 -0.05
2.40 ± 0.20
3°
2 - R 0.3
Unit: mm
10.00 ± 0.20
GM6603V1.00
45°
10.08 ± 0.30
13.08 ± 0.20
1.46
1.00
18.95 MAX
9.20 ± 0.20
4.60
15.90 ± 0.20
3.70 ± 0.20
1.50 DP0.20
9
GM6603
3.0A LOW DROPOUT
PRECISION REGULATOR
Package Outline Dimensions – TO252
0.205 – 0.215
(5.210 – 5.460)
0.039 – 0.050
(1.020 – 1.270)
0.055 – 0.080
(1.400 – 2.030)
0.018 – 0.023
(0.460 – 0.580)
SEATING PLAN
0.370 – 0.410
(9.400 – 10.420)
0.210 – 0.228
(5.330 – 5.800)
0.090
(2.285)
TYP
GM6603V1.00
0.180
(4.570)
TYP
10
0.045 – 0.060
(1.150 – 1.520)
0.030 – 0.045
(0.760 – 1.140)
0.020
(0.510)
MIN
0.018 – 0.023
(0.460 – 0.580)
GM6603
3.0A LOW DROPOUT
PRECISION REGULATOR
Ordering Number
GM 6603 - 1.8 TA3
Circuit
Type
Output
Voltages
Package Type
Shipping Type
A: ADJ
1.8: 1.8V
2.5: 2.5V
3.3: 3.3V
5.0: 5.0V
TA3: TO263
TB3: TO220
TC3: TO252
T: Tube
R: Tape & Reel
GM6603V1.00
APM Gamma
Micro
T
8
10
6
11