Technical Specification PQ60025ETL35 48 V 2.5 V 35 A 2250 V dc Input Output Current Isolation Eighth-brick DC-DC Converter The PQ60025ETL35 PowerQor® Tera Eighth-brick converter is a next-generation, board-mountable, isolated, fixed switching frequency dc-dc converter that uses synchronous rectification to achieve extremely high conversion efficiency. The power dissipated by the converter is so low that a heatsink is not required, which saves cost, weight, height, and application effort. All of the power and control components are mounted to the multi-layer PCB substrate with high-yield surface mount technology. Since the PowerQor converter has no explicit thermal interfaces, it is extremely reliable. RoHS Compliant (see page 13). Operational Features • High efficiencies, 88% at full rated load current • Delivers up to 35 A of output current with minimal derating - no heatsink required • Wide input voltage range: 35V – 75 V, with 100 V 100 ms input voltage transient capability • Fixed frequency switching provides predictable EMI performance • No minimum load requirement means no preload resistors required Mechanical Features • Industry standard Eighth-brick pin-out configuration • Standard size: 0.90" x 2.3" (22.9x58.4 mm) • Total height only 0.320" (8.13mm), permits better airflow and smaller card pitch • Total weight: 0.85 oz (24 g) • Flanged pins designed to permit surface mount soldering (avoid wave solder) using FPiP technique Control Features • On/Off control referenced to input side (positive and negative logic options are available) • Remote sense for the output voltage compensates for output distribution drops • Output voltage trim permits custom voltages and voltage margining Product # PQ60025ETL35 Phone 1-888-567-9596 PQ60025ETL35 Module Protection Features • Input under-voltage lockout disables converter at low input voltage conditions • Output current limit and short circuit protection protects converter and load from permanent damage and consequent hazardous conditions • Active back bias limit prevents damage to converter from external load induced pre-bias • Output over-voltage protection protects load from damaging voltages • Thermal shutdown protects converter from abnormal environmental conditions Safety Features • 2250 V, 30 MW input-to-output isolation • UL 60950-1 recognized (US & Canada), basic insulation rating • TUV certified to EN60950-1 • Meets 72/23/EEC and 93/68/EEC directives which facilitates CE Marking in user’s end product • Board and plastic components meet UL94V-0 standard • RoHS compliant (see last page) www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-2ET625F Rev. B 5/28/08 Page 1 Input: Output: Current: Package: Technical Specification 35V – 75 V 2.5 V 35 A Eighth-brick MECHANICAL DIAGRAM 2.30 0.450 (58.4) (11.43) 2.00 0.14 (50.8) 0.300 (7.62) (3.6) 0.15 0.150 Top View (3.8) (3.81) 1 8 2 7 6 3 5 4 0.600 (15.24) 0.900 +0.022 0.300 (22.86 +0.55) (7.62) 0.600 0.320 +0.015 (15.24) (8.13 +0.38) Overall Height 0.145 (3.68) See Note 3 Side View 0.016 +0.015 (0.41 +0.38) Bottom Side Clearance Lowest Component Flanged Pin See Note 10 Load Board PIN DESIGNATIONS NOTES 1)Pins 1-3, 5-7 are 0.040" (1.02mm) diameter with 0.080" (2.03 mm) diameter standoff shoulders. 2)Pins 4 and 8 are 0.062" (1.57 mm) diameter with 0.100" (2.54 mm) diameter standoff shoulders. 3)Recommended pin length is 0.03" (0.76mm) greater than the PCB thickness. Other pin lengths available. 4)All Pins: Material - Copper Alloy; Finish - Matte Tin over Nickel plate 5)Undimensioned components shown are for visual reference only. 6)Weight: 0.85 oz. (24 g) typical 7)All dimensions in inches (mm) Tolerances: x.xx +/-0.02 in. (x.x +/-0.5mm) x.xxx +/-0.010 in. (x.xx +/-0.25mm) 8)Workmanship: Meets or exceeds current IPC-A-610C Class II 9)UL/TUV standards require a clearance greater than 0.04” (1.02mm) between input and output for Basic insulation. This issue should be considered if any copper traces are on the top side of the user’s board. Note that the ferrite core shown at left above is considered part of the input/primary circuit and that the two ferrite cores shown at the right above are considered part of the output/secondary circuit. 10)The flanged pins are designed to permit surface mount soldering (allowing to avoid the wave soldering process) through the use of the flanged pin-in-paste technique. Pin No. Name Function 1 Vin (+) Positive input voltage 2 ON/OFF TTL input to turn converter on and off, referenced to Vin (-) with internal pull up 3 Vin (-) Negative input voltage 4 Vout (-) Negative output voltage 5 SENSE (-) Negative remote sense 1 6 TRIM 7 SENSE (+) Positive remote sense 3 8 Vout (+) Positive output voltage Output voltage trim 2 Notes: 1. SENSE(–) should be connected to Vout(–) either remotely or at the converter. 2. Leave TRIM pin open for nominal output voltage. 3. SENSE(+) should be connected to Vout(+) either remotely or at the converter. Product # PQ60025ETL35 Phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-2ET625F Rev. B 5/28/08 Page 2 Input: Output: Current: Package: Technical Specification 35V – 75 V 2.5 V 35 A Eighth-brick PQ60025ETL35 electrical characteristics TA = 25 °C, airflow rate = 300 LFM, VIN = 48 VDC unless otherwise noted; full operating temperature range is -40 °C to +100 °C ambient temperature with appropriate power derating. Specifications subject to change without notice. Parameter Min. ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Input Voltage Non-Operating Operating 35 Operating Transient Protection Isolation Voltage Input to Output Operating Temperature -40 Storage Temperature -55 Voltage at ON/OFF input pin -2 INPUT CHARACTERISTICS Operating Input Voltage Range 35 Input Under-Voltage Lockout Turn-On Voltage Threshold 31.5 Turn-Off Voltage Threshold 29.6 Lockout Voltage Hysteresis 1.9 Maximum Input Current No-Load Input Current 0 Disabled Input Current Inrush Current Transient Rating Response to Input Transient Input Reflected Ripple Current Input Terminal Ripple Current Recommended Input Fuse Input Filter Component Values (L\C) Recommended External Input Capacitance OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS Output Voltage Set Point 2.475 Output Voltage Regulation Over Line Over Load Over Temperature Total Output Voltage Range 2.43 Output Voltage Ripple and Noise1 Peak-to-Peak RMS Operating Output Current Range 0 Output DC Current-Limit Inception 40 Output DC Current-Limit Shutdown Voltage Back-Drive Current Limit while Enabled Back-Drive Current Limit while Disabled Maximum Output Capacitance Electrolytic Minimum Output Capacitance Maximum Output Capacitance Ceramic DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS Input Voltage Ripple Rejection Output Voltage during Load Current Transient For a Step Change in Output Current (0.1A/µs) For a Step Change in Output Current (0.3A/µs) Settling Time Turn-On Transient Turn-On Time 6 Start-Up Inhibit Time 9 Restart Inhibit Time 190 Output Voltage Overshoot EFFICIENCY 100% Load 50% Load TEMPERATURE LIMITS FOR POWER DERATING CURVES Semiconductor Junction Temperature Board Temperature Transformer Temperature Typ. Max. Units Notes & Conditions 100 75 100 2250 100 125 18 V V V Vdc °C °C V Continuous Continuous 100 ms transient, square wave Basic Insulation, Pollution Degree 2 48 75 V 32.6 30.6 2.0 46 6 7.5 1.9 75 47 33.7 31.6 2.1 3.0 75 10 0.01 20 1.0 \ 3.3 V V V A mA mA A 2s mV mA mA A µH\µF µF 2.500 2.525 V +0.1 \ 2.5 +0.2 \ 5.0 +15 2.500 20 7 44 1.5 12 10 +38 2.57 50 50 35 48 50 33 5 %\mV %\mV mV V mV mV A A V A mA mF mF 70 dB 120 Hz; Figure 20 100 100 80 mV mV µs 50% to 75% to 50% Iout max; Figure 11 50% to 75% to 50% Iout max; Figure 12 To within 1% Vout nom 9 12 200 0 12 17 210 ms ms ms % Full load, Vout=90% nom.; Figures 9 & 10 -40°C to +125°C; Figure F -40°C to +125°C; Figure F No load capacitance, Iout = 0A 88 90 % % Figures 1 - 4 Figures 1 - 4 125 125 125 °C °C °C Package rated to 150°C UL rated max operating temp 130°C See Figures 5 - 8 for derating curves 100% Load, 35 Vin, nominal Vout 1000V/ms input transient RMS thru 10 µH inductor; Figures 13 & 15 RMS; Figures 13 & 14 Fast blow external fuse recommended Internal values; see Figure E Typical ESR 0.1-0.2 Ω; see Figure 13 Over sample, line, load, temperature & life 20MHz bandwidth; Figures 13 & 16 Full Load; see Figures 13 & 16 Full Load; see Figures 13 & 16 Subject to thermal derating; Figures 5 - 8 Output Voltage 10% Low Negative current drawn from output Negative current drawn from output 2.5Vout at 35A Resistive Load Not applicable 2.5Vout at 35A Resistive Load Note 1: Output voltage ripple can exceed maximum specification during startup when output voltage is less than 1.2V. Additional output capacitance will mitigate this startup ripple behavior. For applications requiring reduced output voltage ripple and noise, consult SynQor applications support (e-mail: [email protected]) Note 2: Higher values of isolation capacitance can be added external to the module. Product # PQ60025ETL35 Phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-2ET625F Rev. B 5/28/08 Page 3 Input: Output: Current: Package: Technical Specification 35V – 75 V 2.5 V 35 A Eighth-brick PQ60025ETL35 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (Continued) TA = 25 °C, airflow rate = 300 LFM, VIN = 48 VDC unless otherwise noted; full operating temperature range is -40 °C to +100 °C ambient temperature with appropriate power derating. Specifications subject to change without notice. Parameter ISOLATION CHARACTERISTICS Isolation Voltage (dielectric strength) Isolation Resistance Isolation Capacitance2 FEATURE CHARACTERISTICS Switching Frequency ON/OFF Control (Option P) Off-State Voltage On-State Voltage ON/OFF Control (Option N) Off-State Voltage On-State Voltage ON/OFF Control (Either Option) Pull-Up Voltage Pull-Up Resistance Output Voltage Trim Range Output Voltage Remote Sense Range Output Over-Voltage Protection Over-Temperature Shutdown Over-Temperature Shutdown Restart Hysteresis RELIABILITY CHARACTERISTICS Calculated MTBF (Telcordia) TR-NWT-000332 Calculated MTBF (MIL-217) MIL-HDBK-217F Field Demonstrated MTBF Min. Typ. Max. Units Notes & Conditions 2250 30 3300 V MΩ pF 317 333 350 kHz -2 2.4 0.8 18 V V 2.4 -2 -20 120 10 148 120 10 18 0.8 5 +10 +10 160 V V V kΩ % % % °C °C 2.42 2.27 Figures A & B Measured across Pins 8 & 4; Figure C Measured across Pins 8 & 4 Over full temp range; % of nominal Vout Average PCB Temperature 106 Hrs. 80% load,300LFM, 40oC Ta 106 Hrs. 80% load, 300LFM, 40oC Ta 106 Hrs. See our website for latest values Note 1: Output voltage ripple can exceed maximum specification during startup when output voltage is less than 1.2V. Additional output capacitance will mitigate this startup ripple behavior. For applications requiring reduced output voltage ripple and noise, consult SynQor applications support (e-mail: [email protected]) Note 2: Higher values of isolation capacitance can be added external to the module. STANDARDS COMPLIANCE Parameter P Notes STANDARDS COMPLIANCE UL/cUL 60950-1 EN60950-1 72/23/EEC 93/68/EEC Needle Flame Test (IEC 695-2-2) IEC 61000-4-2 GR-1089-CORE Telcordia (Bellcore) GR-513 File # E194341, Basic insulation, Pollution Degree 2 Certified by TUV Test on entire assembly; board & plastic components UL94V-0 compliant ESD test, 8 kV - NP, 15 kV air - NP (Normal Performance) Section 7 - electrical safety, Section 9 - bonding/grounding • An external input fuse must always be used to meet these safety requirements. Contact SynQor for official safety certificates on new releases or download from the SynQor website. QUALIFICATION TESTING Parameter P QUALIFICATION TESTING Life Test Vibration Mechanical Shock Temperature Cycling Power/Thermal Cycling Design Marginality Humidity Solderability # Units 32 5 5 10 5 5 5 15 pins Test Conditions 95% rated Vin and load, units at derating point, 1000 hours 10-55 Hz sweep, 0.060” total excursion,1 min./sweep, 120 sweeps for 3 axis 100 g minimum, 2 drops in x and y axis, 1 drop in z axis -40 °C to 100 °C, unit temp. ramp 15 °C/min., 500 cycles Toperating = min to max, Vin = min to max, full load, 100 cycles Tmin-10 °C to Tmax+10 °C, 5 °C steps, Vin = min to max, 0-105% load 85 °C, 85% RH, 1000 hours, 2 minutes on and 6 hours off MIL-STD-883, method 2003 • Extensive characterization testing of all SynQor products and manufacturing processes is performed to ensure that we supply robust, reliable product. Contact the factory for official product family qualification documents. Product # PQ60025ETL35 Phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-2ET625F Rev. B 5/28/08 Page 4 Input: Output: Current: Package: 95 93 90 92 85 91 Efficiency (%) Efficiency (%) Technical Specification 80 75 35 Vin 48 Vin 75 Vin 70 35V – 75 V 2.5 V 35 A Eighth-brick 90 89 25 C 40 C 55 C 88 87 65 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 100 35 200 Load Current (A) 300 400 Airflow (LFM) Figure 1: Efficiency at nominal output voltage vs. load current for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at 25°C. Figure 2: Efficiency at nominal output voltage and 60% rated power vs. airflow rate for ambient air temperatures of 25°C, 40°C, and 55°C (nominal input voltage). 14 7 6 10 Efficiency (%) Power Dissipation (W) 12 8 6 4 5 4 25 C 40 C 55 C 35 Vin 48 Vin 2 75 Vin 3 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 Load Current (A) 100 200 300 400 Airflow (LFM) Figure 3: Power dissipation at nominal output voltage vs. load current for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at 25°C. Figure 4: Power dissipation at nominal output voltage and 60% rated power vs. airflow rate for ambient air temperatures of 25°C, 40°C, and 55°C (nominal input voltage). 40 35 30 Iout (A) 25 20 15 400 LFM (2.0 m/s) 10 300 LFM (1.5 m/s) 200 LFM (1.0 m/s) 5 100 LFM (0.5 m/s) 0 0 25 40 55 70 85 Ambient Air Temperature (°C) Figure 5: Maximum output power-derating curves vs. ambient air temperature for airflow rates of 100 LFM through 400 LFM with air flowing from pin 3 to pin 1(nominal input voltage). Product # PQ60025ETL35 Phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com Figure 6: Thermal plot of converter at 35 amp load current (87.5W) with 55°C air flowing at the rate of 200 LFM. Air is flowing across the converter from 3 to pin 1 (nominal input voltage). Doc.# 005-2ET625F Rev. B 5/28/08 Page 5 Input: Output: Current: Package: Technical Specification 35V – 75 V 2.5 V 35 A Eighth-brick 40 35 30 Iout (A) 25 20 15 400 LFM (2.0 m/s) 10 300 LFM (1.5 m/s) 200 LFM (1.0 m/s) 5 100 LFM (0.5 m/s) 0 0 25 40 55 70 85 Ambient Air Temperature (°C) Figure 7: Maximum output power derating curves vs. ambient air temperature for airflow rates of 100 LFM through 400 LFM with air flowing across the converter from pin input to output (nominal input voltage). Figure 8: Thermal plot of converter at 35 amp load current (87.5W) with 55°C air flowing at the rate of 200 LFM. Air is flowing across the converter from input to output (nominal input voltage). Figure 9: Turn-on transient at full load (resistive load) (4 ms/div). Load cap: 10uF, 100 mΩ ESR tantalum capacitor and 1uF ceramic capacitor. Input voltage pre-applied. Ch 1: Vout (1V/div), Ch 2: ON/OFF input (5V/div). Figure 10: Turn-on transient at zero load (4 ms/div). Load cap: 10uF, 100 mΩ ESR tantalum capacitor and 1uF ceramic capacitor. Ch 1: Vout (1V/ div), Ch 2: ON/OFF input (5V/div). Figure 11: Output voltage response to step-change in load current (50%-75%-50% of Iout(max); dI/dt = 0.1A/µs). Load cap: 10µF, 100 mΩ ESR tantalum cap and 1µF ceramic cap. Ch 1: Vout (100mV/div), Ch 2: Iout (10A/div). Figure 12: Output voltage response to step-change in load current (50%-75%-50% of Iout(max): dI/dt = 0.3 A/µs). Load cap: 10µF, 100 mΩ ESR tantalum cap and 1µF ceramic cap. Ch 1: Vout (100mV/div), Ch 2: Iout (10A/div). Product # PQ60025ETL35 Phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-2ET625F Rev. B 5/28/08 Page 6 Input: Output: Current: Package: Technical Specification 35V – 75 V 2.5 V 35 A Eighth-brick See Fig. 15 10 µH source impedance See Fig. 14 See Fig. 16 iS VSOURCE iC 47 µF, <1W ESR electrolytic capacitor dc-dc Converter VOUT 1 µF 15 µF, ceramic 100mW ESR capacitor tantalum capacitor Figure 13: Test set-up diagram showing measurement points for Input Terminal Ripple Current (Figure 14), Input Reflected Ripple Current (Figure 15) and Output Voltage Ripple (Figure 16). Figure 14: Input Terminal Ripple Current, ic, at full rated output current and nominal input voltage with 10µH source impedance and 47µF electrolytic capacitor (100 mA/div). Bandwidth: 250MHz. See Figure 13. Figure 15: Input reflected ripple current, is, through a 10 µH source inductor, using a 47µF electrolytic input capacitor (2mA/div). Bandwidth: 250MHz. See Figure 13. Figure 16: Output voltage ripple at nominal input voltage and rated load current (20 mV/div). Load capacitance: 1µF ceramic capacitor and 15µF tantalum capacitor. Bandwidth: 20 MHz. See Figure 13. 12 11 Vout Trim-up (%) 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 +80 ºC +25 ºC 3 -40 ºC 2 40.0 39.5 39.0 38.5 38.0 37.5 37.0 36.6 36.0 35.5 35.0 Input Voltage (V) Figure 17: Output voltage response to step-change in input voltage (50V to 100V in 8µS), at 17.5A load current. Load cap: 15µF 100mW ESR tantalum capacitor and 1uF ceramic cap. Ch 1: Vout (50mV/div), Ch 2: Vin (20V/div). Product # PQ60025ETL35 Phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com Figure 18: Maximum trim up vs. input voltage at different temperatures Vin=35.0~40.0 V. Doc.# 005-2ET625F Rev. B 5/28/08 Page 7 Input: Output: Current: Package: Technical Specification 35V – 75 V 2.5 V 35 A Eighth-brick 0 1 Forward Transmission (dB) Output Impedance (ohms) -10 0.1 0.01 35 Vin 0.001 48 Vin -20 -30 -40 -50 -60 -70 35 Vin -80 48 Vin 75 Vin -90 0.0001 75 Vin -100 10 100 1,000 10,000 100,000 10 100 Hz 1,000 10,000 100,000 Hz Figure 19: Magnitude of incremental output impedance (Zout = Vout/Iout) for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at full rated power. Figure 20: Magnitude of incremental forward transmission (FT = Vout/Vin) for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at full rated power. 5 100 Input Impedance (ohms) Reverse Transmission (dB) -5 -15 -25 -35 -45 10 1 35 Vin 35 Vin 48 Vin 48 Vin 75 Vin 75 Vin 0.1 -55 10 100 1,000 10,000 100,000 Hz 10 100 1,000 10,000 100,000 Hz Figure 21: Magnitude of incremental reverse transmission (RT = Iin/Iout) for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at full rated power. Figure 22: Magnitude of incremental input impedance (Zin = Vin/Iin) for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at full rated power. Figure 23: Output voltage vs. load current showing typical current limit curves and converter shutdown points. Product # PQ60025ETL35 Phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-2ET625F Rev. B 5/28/08 Page 8 Input: Output: Current: Package: Technical Specification BASIC OPERATION AND FEATURES 35V – 75 V 2.5 V 35 A Eighth-brick In the positive logic version, the ON/OFF input is active high (meaning that a high turns the converter on). In the negative logic version, the ON/OFF signal is active low (meaning that a low turns the converter on). Figure A details five possible circuits for driving the ON/OFF pin. Figure B is a detailed look of the internal ON/OFF circuitry. The single stage power converter switches at a fixed frequency for predictable EMI performance. Rectification of the transformer’s output is accomplished with synchronous rectifiers. These devices, which are MOSFETs with a very low on-state resistance, dissipate far less energy than Schottky diodes. This is the primary reason that the PowerQor converter has such high efficiency, even at very low output voltages and very high output currents. REMOTE SENSE(+) (Pins 7 and 5): The SENSE(+) inputs correct for voltage drops along the conductors that connect the converter’s output pins to the load. Dissipation throughout the converter is so low that it does not require a heatsink for operation. Since a heatsink is not required, the PowerQor converter does not need a metal baseplate or potting material to help conduct the dissipated energy to the heatsink. The PowerQor converter can thus be built more simply and reliably using high yield surface mount techniques on a PCB substrate. Pin 7 should be connected to Vout(+) and Pin 5 should be connected to Vout(-) at the point on the board where regulation is desired. A remote connection at the load can adjust for a voltage drop only as large as that specified in this The PowerQor series of eighth-brick, quarter-brick and halfbrick converters uses the industry standard footprint and Sense Range % x Vout datasheet, that is [Vout(+) - Vout(-)] – [Vsense(+) - Vsense(-)] < Pins 7 and 5 must be connected for proper regulation of the output voltage. If these connections are not made, the converter will deliver an output voltage that is slightly higher than its specified value. pin-out configuration. CONTROL FEATURES Note: the output over-voltage protection circuit senses the voltage across the output (pins 8 and 4) to determine when it should trigger, not the voltage across the converter’s sense leads (pins 7 and 5). Therefore, the resistive drop on the board should be small enough so that output OVP does not trigger, even during load transients. REMOTE ON/OFF (Pin 2): The ON/OFF input, Pin 2, permits the user to control when the converter is on or off. This input is referenced to the return terminal of the input bus, Vin(-). There are two versions of the converter that differ by the sense of the logic used for the ON/OFF input. ON/OFF ON/OFF ON/OFF Vin(-) Vin(-) Vin(-) Remote Enable Circuit 5V ON/OFF ON/OFF ON/OFF Vin(-) Vin(-) Open Collector Enable Circuit 10k 50k TTL TTL/ CMOS 100pF Vin(-) Direct Logic Drive Figure A: Various circuits for driving the ON/OFF pin. Product # PQ60025ETL35 5V Positive Logic Negative Logic (Permanently Enabled) (Permanently Enabled) Phone 1-888-567-9596 Figure B: Internal ON/OFF pin circuitry www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-2ET625F Rev. B 5/28/08 Page 9 Input: Output: Current: Package: Technical Specification OUTPUT VOLTAGE TRIM (Pin 6): The TRIM input permits the user to adjust the output voltage across the sense leads up or down according to the trim range specifications. To decrease the output voltage, the user should connect a resistor between Pin 6 and Pin 5 (SENSE(-) input). For a desired decrease of the nominal output voltage, the value of the resistor should be Rtrim-down = 511 - 10.22 (kW) D% ( ) where D% = Vnominal – Vdesired x 100% Vnominal To increase the output voltage, the user should connect a resistor between Pin 6 and Pin 7 (SENSE(+) input). For a desired increase of the nominal output voltage, the value of the resistor should be Rtrim-up = ( 5.11VOUT(100+D%) 511 _ 1.225D% D% ) _ 10.22 (kW) where VOUT = Nominal Output Voltage Figure C graphs the relationship between the trim resistor value and Rtrim-up and Rtrim-down, showing the total range the output voltage can be trimmed up or down. Total DC Variation of Vout: For the converter to meet its full specifications, the maximum variation of the DC value of Vout, due to both trimming and remote load voltage drops, should not be greater than that specified for the output voltage trim range. PROTECTION FEATURES Input Under-Voltage Lockout: The converter is designed to turn off when the input voltage is too low, helping avoid an input system instability problem, described in more detail in the application note titled “Input System Instability”. The lockout circuitry is a comparator with DC hysteresis. When the input voltage is rising, it must exceed the typical Turn-On Voltage Threshold value (listed on the specification page) before the converter will turn on. Once the converter is on, the input voltage must fall below the typical Turn-Off Voltage Threshold value before the converter will turn off. Output Current Limit: Once the output current reaches the current-limit inception point, the converter will decrease the output voltage as the output current increases. However, once the impedance of the short across the output is small enough to make the output voltage drop below the specified Output DC Current-Limit Shutdown Voltage, the converter turns off (see Figure 23). The converter then enters a “hiccup mode” where it repeatedly turns on and off at a 5 Hz (nominal) frequency with a 5% duty cycle until the short circuit condition is removed. This prevents excessive heating of the converter or the load board. Output Over-Voltage Limit: If the voltage across the output pins exceeds the Output Over-Voltage Protection threshold, the converter will immediately stop switching. This prevents damage to the load circuit due to 1) excessive series resistance in output current path from converter output pins to sense point, 2) a release of a short-circuit condition, or 3) a release of a current limit condition. Load capacitance determines exactly how high the output voltage will rise in response to these conditions. After 200 ms the converter will automatically restart. 10,000.0 Trim Resistance (kOhms) 35V – 75 V 2.5 V 35 A Eighth-brick 1,000.0 100.0 10.0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 % Increase in Vout % Decrease in Vout Figure C: Trim Graph for 2.5Vout module Note: the TRIM feature does not affect the voltage at which the output over-voltage protection circuit is triggered. Trimming the output voltage too high may cause the over-voltage protection circuit to engage, particularly during transients. It is not necessary for the user to add capacitance at the Trim pin. The node is internally bypassed to eliminate noise. Product # PQ60025ETL35 Phone 1-888-567-9596 Over-Temperature Shutdown: A temperature sensor on the converter senses the average temperature of the module. The thermal shutdown circuit is designed to turn the converter off when the temperature at the sensed location reaches the Over-Temperature Shutdown value. It will allow the converter to turn on again when the temperature of the sensed location falls by the amount of the Over-Temperature Shutdown Restart Hysteresis value. www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-2ET625F Rev. B 5/28/08 Page 10 Input: Output: Current: Package: Technical Specification APPLICATION CONSIDERATIONS Input System Instability: This condition can occur because any dc-dc converter appears incrementally as a negative resistance load. A detailed application note titled “Input System Instability” is available on the SynQor website which provides an understanding of why this instability arises, and shows the preferred solution for correcting it. Application Circuits: Figure D below provides a typical circuit diagram which details the input filtering and voltage trimming. Input Filtering and External Capacitance: Figure E below provides a diagram showing the internal input filter components. This filter dramatically reduces input terminal ripple current, which otherwise could exceed the rating of an external input electrolytic capacitor. The recommended external input capacitance is specified in the “Input Characteristics” section. More detailed information is available in the application note titled “EMI Characteristics” on the SynQor website. Vin(+) Vin External Input Filter Vout(+) Vsense(+) Electrolytic Capacitor 47µF 35V – 75 V 2.5 V 35 A Eighth-brick ON/OFF Trim Vsense(_) Vin(_) Rtrim-up or Rtrim-down Cload Iload Vout(_) Figure D: Typical application circuit (negative logic unit, permanently enabled). L Vin(+) C Vin(_) Figure E: Internal Input Filter Diagram (component values listed on the specifications page). Product # PQ60025ETL35 Phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-2ET625F Rev. B 5/28/08 Page 11 Input: Output: Current: Package: Technical Specification 35V – 75 V 2.5 V 35 A Eighth-brick Startup/Restart Inhibit Period: The Restart Inhibit Period ensures that the converter will remain off for approximately 200ms once it is shut down. When an output short is present, this generates a 5Hz “hiccup mode,” which prevents the converter from overheating. In all, there are five ways that the converter can be shut down that initiate a Restart Inhibit Period: At time t1, the input voltage falls below the Input UnderVoltage Lockout threshold. This disables the unit and initiates a Restart Inhibit Period. During the Restart Inhibit Period, if the input voltage again exceeds the UVLO threshold, the unit cannot be enabled again until the Restart Inhibit Period has elapsed. Once this occurs, the output turns on with the Typical Turn-On Time. • Input Under-Voltage Lockout At time t2, the ON/OFF pin disables the unit and initiates a Restart Inhibit Period. During the Restart Inhibit Period, if the ON/OFF pin is again activated, the unit cannot be enabled again until the Restart Inhibit Period has elapsed. Once this occurs, the output turns on with the Typical Turn-On Time. • Output Over-Voltage Protection • Over Temperature Shutdown • Current Limit When the ON/OFF pin goes high after t3, and the Restart Inhibit Period has elapsed, the output turns on approximately 1.6ms after the ON/OFF pin is activated, with the Typical Turn-On Time. • Turned off by the ON/OFF input Figure F shows turn-on scenarios, where a Restart Inhibit Period is initiated at t1, t2, and t3: A Startup Inhibit Period is initiated when the input voltage is brought up from zero voltage during initial startup, beginning as the input voltage reaches approximately 10V. At the end of the Startup Inhibit Period (typically 10ms), if the ON/OFF pin has been active for at least 1ms, and the input voltage is above the Under-Voltage Lockout threshold, the output turns on with the Typical Turn-On Time. This is shown at time t0. If the Under-Voltage Lockout threshold has not been satisfied at the end of either Inhibit Period, the unit will remain disabled until the input voltage exceeds the UVLO threshold. Once this occurs, the output turns on with the Typical TurnOn Time. If the ON/OFF pin is activated after either Inhibit Period has elapsed, the output will turn on approximately 1.6ms after the ON/OFF pin is activated, with the Typical Turn-On Time. Vin Under-Voltage Lockout TurnOn Threshold ON/OFF (pos logic) ON Vout OFF OFF ON ON 10ms 15ms (typical start-up inhibit period) (typical restart inhibit period) t1 200ms 200ms 200ms t0 (typical turn on time) t2 t t3 Figure F: Startup Inhibit Period (turn-on time not to scale) Product # PQ60025ETL35 Phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-2ET625F Rev. B 5/28/08 Page 12 Input: Output: Current: Package: Technical Specification 35V – 75 V 2.5 V 35 A Eighth-brick PART NUMBERING SYSTEM ORDERING INFORMATION The part numbering system for SynQor’s PowerQor dc-dc converters follows the format shown in the example below. The tables below show the valid model numbers and ordering options for converters in this product family. When ordering SynQor converters, please ensure that you use the complete 15 character part number consisting of the 12 character base part number and the additional 3 characters for options. A “-G” suffix indicates the product is 6/6 RoHS compliant. P Q 60 0 25 E T L 3 5 N N S -G 6/6 RoHS Options (see Ordering Information) Output Current Output Max Output Model Number Input Voltage Voltage Current PQ60018ETL45xyz-G 35 - 75 V 1.8 V 45 A PQ60025ETL35xyz-G 35 - 75 V 2.5 V 35 A PQ60033ETL30xyz-G 35 - 75 V 3.3 V 30 A Thermal Design Performance Level Package Size Output Voltage The following option choices must be included in place of the x y z spaces in the model numbers listed above. Input Voltage Product Family Options Description: x y z The first 12 characters comprise the base part number and the last 3 characters indicate available options. Although there are no default values for enable logic and pin length, the most common options are negative logic and 0.145” pins. These part numbers are more likely to be readily available in stock for evaluation and prototype quantities. A “-G” suffix indicates the product is 6/6 RoHS compliant. A variety of application notes and technical white papers can be downloaded in pdf format from our website. RoHS Compliance: The EU led RoHS (Restriction of Hazardous Substances) Directive bans the use of Lead, Cadmium, Hexavalent Chromium, Mercury, Polybrominated Biphenyls (PBB), and Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether (PBDE) in Electrical and Electronic Equipment. This SynQor product is available as 6/6 RoHS compliant. For more information please refer to SynQor’s RoHS addendum available at our RoHS Compliance / Lead Free Initiative web page or e-mail us at [email protected]. Contact SynQor for further information: Phone: Toll Free: Fax: E-mail: Web: Address: Product # PQ60025ETL35 Pin Length Feature Set P - Positive N - Negative K - 0.110" N - 0.145" R - 0.180" Y - 0.250" S - Standard PATENTS Application Notes Enable Logic 978-849-0600 888-567-9596 978-849-0602 [email protected] www.synqor.com 155 Swanson Road Boxborough, MA 01719 USA Phone 1-888-567-9596 SynQor holds the following patents, one or more of which might apply to this product: 5,999,417 6,594,159 6,927,987 7,119,524 6,222,742 6,731,520 7,050,309 7,269,034 6,545,890 6,894,468 7,072,190 7,272,021 6,577,109 6,896,526 7,085,146 7,272,023 Warranty SynQor offers a three (3) year limited warranty. Complete warranty information is listed on our website or is available upon request from SynQor. Information furnished by SynQor is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by SynQor for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of SynQor. www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-2ET625F Rev. B 5/28/08 Page 13