Agilent ACPM-7891 Tri-Band Power Amplifier Module EGSM, DCS and PCS Multi-slot GPRS Data Sheet and Application Note Features • Highest Power Added Efficiency in the industry • Performance guaranteed for GPRS Class 10 (2-Slot) transmit operation The Agilent ACPM-7891 provides a cost effective dual or tri-band GSM PA solution with the additional benefit of excellent efficiency enabling multi-slot GPRS operation and extended transmit time. The device is internally matched to 50Ω and therefore an effective design can be implemented quickly with a few additional capacitors for d.c. blocking of the output ports and bypassing of the supply pins. • Low harmonics Gnd Vapc DCS/PCS Gnd Vdd3 DCS/PCS • Single 3.5 Volt supply (nominal) • 50 Ohms input & output impedance • Small SMT package 6 x 12 x 1.4 mm 17 16 15 14 18 13 Gnd 19 12 Gnd 11 RFout DCS/PCS 10 Gnd 20 21 22 23 24 25 YYWWDDLLLL RFin DCS/PCS Gnd Vdd1,2 DCS/PCS Vdd1,2 Bypass Gnd Vdd1,2 Bypass Vdd1,2 EGSM Gnd RFin EGSM Agilent ACPM-7891 The ACPM-7891 has the highest Power-added Efficiency (PAE) for all three bands of operation in the industry, enabling customers to design handset, PDA and data card with up to 15% longer transmit or talk time. Pin Connections and Package Marking 9 Gnd 8 Gnd RFout 7 EGSM 6 Gnd 26 Specifications • 60% PAE at +35 dBm Pout for ESGM • 56% PAE at +32.5 dBm Pout for DCS 1800 • 56% PAE at +32.5 dBm Pout for PCS 1900 5 Gnd 1 2 3 4 Gnd Vapc EGSM Gnd Vdd3 EGSM Description The ACPM-7891 is a fully matched tri-band EGSM/DCS/ PCS power amplifier module designed on Agilent Technologies’ leading edge Enhancement Mode PHEMT (E-pHEMT) process. • Broadband DCS/PCS match for flat Pout and PAE Applications • Cellular handsets • Data modules for PDA Notes: Package marking provides orientation and identification. “YYWWDDLLLL” = Year, Week, Day and Lot Code indicates the year, week, day and lot of manufacture. • Data cards for laptops Absolute Maximum Ratings Symbol Parameter Units Absolute Maximum Vdd Supply Voltage V 6 Pin max Input Power dBm +10 Vapc Gain Control Voltage V 4 IDS Operating Case Temperature °C -30 to 90 TSTG Storage Temperature °C -40 to 125 Common Electrical Characteristics Test conditions Vdd = +3.5V, a pulse width of 1154 µs and a duty cycle of 25% at a case temperature of +25°C unless otherwise stated. Parameter Test Conditions Supply Voltage Leakage Current Vapc= 0.06V Symbol Min Typ Max Units Vdd 2.7 3.5 5.3 V Idd µA 20 Control Voltage Range Vapc Control Current Iapc Nominal Input Impedance Zin 50 Ω Nominal Output Impedance Zout 50 Ω tr,tf 1 Rise And Fall Time 2 Tr to (Pout1 – 0.5 dB) Vapc set to achieve Pout1 0 Vdd – 0.3 V 3 mA 2 µs EGSM Electrical Characteristics Test conditions Vdd= +3.5V, a pulse width of 1154 µs and a duty cycle of 25% at a case temperature of +25°C unless otherwise stated. Parameter Test Conditions Frequency Range Symbol Min Typ Max Units Fo 880 900 915 MHz Output Power Nominal Conditions Pin = +2 dBm Vapc = 2.2V Pout1 34.5 35 dBm Efficiency Pout=Pout1 PAE 55 60 % Output Power in off mode Vapc = 0.2V, Pin = 4 dBm Input Power Pin 0 -40 -36 dBm 2 4 dBm 1.5 2.5 Input VSWR Pin = 0 dBm Stability Vdd = 3.0 to 5.3V, Pin = 0 – 4 dBm, Pout ≤ 34.5 dBm, Vapc ≤ 2.2V, VSWR ≤ 8:1, all phases No parasitic oscillation > -36 dBm Load mismatch robustness Vdd = 3.0 to 5.3V, Pin = 0 – 4 dBm, Pout ≤ 34.5 dBm, Vapc ≤ 2.2V, VSWR ≤ 10:1, all phases t = 20 sec No module damage or permanent degradation Second Harmonic Vdd = 3.5V Pin = 0 dBm Pout = 34.5 dBm Vapc = controlled for Pout 2Fo -5 dBm Third Harmonic Vdd = 3.5V Pin = 0 dBm Pout = 34.5 dBm Vapc = controlled for Pout 3Fo -5 dBm Fourth to Eighth Harmonics Vdd = 3.5V Pin = 0 dBm Pout = 34.5 dBm Vapc = controlled for Pout 4Fo-8Fo -10 dBm Noise Power F=925 to 935 MHz, Pout ≤ 34.0 dBm, Pin = 0 dBm RBW = 100 kHz F = 925 to 960 MHz, Pout ≤ 34.0 dBm, Pin = 0 dBm RBW = 100 kHz Pn -72 dBm Pn -82 dBm -25 dBm Band to Band Isolation Measured at DCS freq EGSM signal: Vdd = 3.5V Pin = +2 dBm Pout = 34.5 dBm (fixed) Control Slope (Peak) Pout = -5 dBm to Pout 400 dB/V AM-AM Pin = 0 – 4 dBm Pout = 6 dBm to Pout 5 dB/dB AM-PM Pin = 0 – 4 dBm Pout = 6 dBm to Pout 6 deg/dB 3 DCS & PCS Electrical Characteristics Test conditions Vdd= +3.5V, a pulse width of 1154 µs and a duty cycle of 25% at a case temperature of +25°C unless otherwise stated. Parameter Test Conditions Symbol Min Typ Max Units Frequency Range DCS PCS Fo 1710 1850 1750 1880 1785 1910 MHz Output Power Nominal Conditions Pin = 2 dBm Vapc = 2.2V Pout1 32.0 32.5 dBm Efficiency Pout = Pout1 DCS PAE PCS PAE 50 50 56 56 % Output Power in off mode Vapc = 0.2V, Pin = 4 dBm Input Power -40 Pin 0 -36 dBm 2 4 dBm 1.5 2.5 Input VSWR Pin = 0 dBm Stability Vdd = 3.0 to 5.3V, Pin = 0 – 4 dBm, Pout ≤ 32 dBm, Vapc ≤ 2.2V, VSWR ≤ 8:1, all phases No parasitic oscillation > -36 dBm Load mismatch robustness Vdd = 5.3V, Pin = 0 – 4 dBm, Pout ≤ 32 dBm, Vapc ≤ 2.2V, VSWR ≤ 10:1, all phases t = 20 sec No module damage or permanent degradation Second Harmonic Vdd = 3.5V Pin = 0 dBm Pout = 32 dBm Vapc = controlled for Pout 2Fo -5 dBm Third Harmonic Vdd = 3.5V Pin = 0 dBm Pout = 32 dBm Vapc = controlled for Pout 3Fo -5 dBm Fourth to Eighth Harmonics Vdd = 3.5V Pin = 0 dBm Pout = 32 dBm Vapc = controlled for Pout 4Fo – 8Fo -10 dBm Noise Power F = 1805 to 1880 MHz, F = 1930 to 1990 MHz, Pout ≤ 31.5 dBm, Pin = 0 dBm RBW = 100 kHz Pn -77 dBm Control Slope (Peak) Pout = -5 dBm to Pout1 350 dB/V AM-AM Pin = 0 – 4 dBm Pout = 6 dBm to Pout1 5 dB/dB AM-PM Pin = 0 – 4 dBm Pout = 6 dBm to Pout1 6 deg/dB 4 GPRS Electrical Characteristics Test conditions Vdd= +3.5V, a pulse width of 1154 µs and a duty cycle of 25% at a case temperature of +25°C unless otherwise stated. Psat: Pin = 0 dBm; Vapc = 2.2V Pout (dBm) 880 MHz 900 MHz 915 MHz PAE (%) 880 MHz 900 MHz 915 MHz Class 8 (1-slot) 35.18 35.40 35.40 60.23 60.47 59.55 Class 10 (2-slot) 35.15 35.45 35.43 60.07 61.02 59.77 Class 12 (4-slot) 35.16 35.32 35.36 60.09 59.62 59.35 Pout (dBm) 1710 MHz 1750 MHz 1785 MHz PAE (%) 1710 MHz 1750 MHz 1785 MHz Class 8 (1-slot) 33.00 33.08 33.12 59.00 59.19 59.62 Class 10 (2-slot) 33.00 33.08 33.10 59.35 59.42 59.40 Class 12 (4-slot) 33.00 33.08 33.10 59.35 59.42 59.40 Pout (dBm) 1850 MHz 1880 MHz 1910 MHz PAE (%) 1850 MHz 1880 MHz 1910 MHz Class 8 (1-slot) 33.10 33.10 33.02 59.14 58.93 58.66 Class 10 (2-slot) 33.10 33.10 33.02 59.14 58.93 58.66 Class 12 (4-slot) 33.10 33.04 32.96 58.75 58.50 58.25 Psat: Pin = 0 dBm; Vapc = 2.2V Psat: Pin = 0 dBm; Vapc = 2.2V 5 Typical Performance 34 58 36 62 33 56 33 56 35 60 32 54 32 54 34 58 31 52 31 52 2.9 3.1 3.3 3.5 3.7 28 2.7 52 3.9 3.1 3.5 3.7 28 2.7 46 3.9 48 2.9 3.1 3.3 3.5 3.7 46 3.9 Vdd (V) Vdd (V) Figure 3. PAE and Pout vs Vdd (PCS 1880 MHz, Pin = 2 dBm, Vapc = 2.2V). 1000 40 1000 30 900 30 900 20 1600 20 800 20 800 10 1400 10 700 10 700 0 1200 0 600 0 600 -10 1000 -10 500 -10 500 -20 800 -20 400 -20 400 -30 600 -30 300 -30 400 -40 200 -40 -50 200 -50 100 -50 -60 0.75 0 -60 0.75 0 -60 0.75 Idd Pout -40 1.25 1.75 2.25 Idd Pout 1.25 Vapc (V) 1.75 Idd (mA) 40 1800 Pout (dBm) 2000 30 Pout (dBm) 40 Idd (mA) 2.25 300 Idd Pout 200 100 0 1.25 Vapc (V) Figure 4. Pout and Idd vs Vapc (EGSM Band, Pin = 0 dBm, Vdd = 3.5V). 1.75 2.25 Vapc (V) Figure 5. Pout and Idd vs Vapc (DCS 1750 MHz, Pin= 0 dBm, Vdd = 3.5V). Figure 6. Pout and Idd vs Vapc (PCS 1880 MHz, Pin= 0 dBm, Vdd = 3.5V). 1000 40 1000 30 900 30 900 20 1600 20 800 20 800 10 1400 10 700 10 700 0 1200 0 600 0 600 -10 1000 -10 500 -10 500 -20 800 -20 400 -20 400 -30 600 -30 300 -30 400 -40 200 -40 -50 200 -50 100 -50 -60 0.75 0 -60 0.75 0 -60 0.75 Idd Pout -40 1.25 1.75 2.25 Vapc (V) Figure 7. Pout and Idd vs Vapc (Vdd EGSM Band, Pin = 0 dBm, Vdd = 3.0V). Idd Pout 1.25 1.75 2.25 Vapc (V) Figure 8. Pout and Idd vs Vapc (DCS 1750 MHz, Pin = 0 dBm, Vdd = 3.0V). Idd (mA) 40 1800 Pout (dBm) 2000 30 Idd (mA) 40 Pout (dBm) Pout (dBm) 3.3 Figure 2. PAE and Pout vs Vdd (DCS 1750 MHz, Pin = 2 dBm, Vapc = 2.2V). Figure 1. PAE and Pout vs Vdd (EGSM Band, Pin = 2 dBm, Vapc = 2.2V). Pout (dBm) 29 48 2.9 50 PAE Pout 29 54 Vdd (V) 6 30 50 PAE Pout Idd (mA) 32 31 2.7 30 56 PAE Pout 300 Idd Pout 200 100 0 1.25 1.75 2.25 Vapc (V) Figure 9. Pout and Idd vs Vapc (PCS 1880 MHz, Pin = 0 dBm, Vdd = 3.0V). Idd (mA) 33 PAE (%) 58 Pout (dBm) 34 PAE (%) 64 Pout (dBm) 37 PAE (%) Pout (dBm) Test conditions: Vdd = +3.5V, case temperature of +25°C, and Zo=50 ohms unless otherwise stated. Typical Performance, continued Test conditions: Vdd = +3.5V, case temperature of +25°C, and Zo=50 ohms unless otherwise stated. -25 -10 -10 -15 -28 -25 -30 2nd Fo 3rd Fo HARMONICS (dBm) -20 HARMONICS (dBm) HARMONICS (dBm) -15 -20 885 890 895 900 905 910 -34 -25 -37 2nd Fo 3rd Fo -35 -40 880 -31 -30 1710 1720 1730 1740 1750 1760 1770 1780 915 2nd Fo 3rd Fo -40 1850 1960 1870 1880 1890 1900 1910 FREQUENCY (MHz) FREQUENCY (MHz) FREQUENCY (MHz) Figure 10. 2nd and 3rd Harmonic Performance (EGSM Band, Pin = 0 dBm, Pout = 34.5 dBm, Vdd = 3.5V). Figure 11. 2nd and 3rd Harmonic Performance (DCS Band, Pin = 0 dBm, Pout = 32 dBm, Vdd = 3.5V). Figure 12. 2nd and 3rd Harmonic Performance (PCS Band, Pin = 0 dBm, Pout = 32 dBm, Vdd = 3.5V). -15 -10 -20 2nd Fo 3rd Fo -15 -25 -25 -30 HARMONICS (dBm) HARMONICS (dBm) HARMONICS (dBm) -20 -20 -25 -35 -30 -40 880 2nd Fo 3rd Fo 2nd Fo 3rd Fo -35 885 890 895 900 905 910 -30 -40 1850 -35 1710 1720 1730 1740 1750 1760 1770 1780 915 1860 1870 1880 1890 1900 1910 FREQUENCY (MHz) FREQUENCY (MHz) FREQUENCY (MHz) Figure 13. 2nd and 3rd Harmonic Performance (EGSM Band, Pin = 0 dBm, Pout = 34.5 dBm, Vdd = 3.0V). Figure 14. 2nd and 3rd Harmonic Performance (DCS Band, Pin = 0 dBm, Pout = 32 dBm, Vdd = 3.0V). Figure 15. 2nd and 3rd Harmonic Performance (PCS Band, Pin = 0 dBm, Pout = 32 dBm, Vdd = 3.0V). -51 -40 -36 -41 -37 -52 -53 -53 -54 ISOLATION (dBm) ISOLATION (dBm) ISOLATION (dBm) -52 -42 -43 -38 -39 -54 -55 880 -44 3.0V 3.5V -55 885 890 895 900 905 910 915 FREQUENCY (MHz) Figure 16. Isolation Performance (EGSM Band, Pin = 4 dBm, Vapc = 0.2V). 7 3.0V 3.5V -45 1710 1720 1730 1740 1750 1760 1770 1780 FREQUENCY (MHz) Figure 17. Isolation Performance (DCS Band, Pin = 4 dBm, Vapc = 0.2V). -40 -41 1850 3.0V 3.5V 1860 1870 1880 1890 1900 1910 FREQUENCY (MHz) Figure 18. Isolation Performance (PCS Band, Pin=4 dBm, Vapc=0.2V). Typical Performance, continued Test conditions: Vdd = +3.5V, case temperature of +25°C, and Zo=50 ohms unless otherwise stated. 1000 50 500 1.95 2500 200 2000 150 1500 100 1000 50 500 0 0.70 0 2.45 0 1.20 300 Idd/Vapc Pout/Vapc 100 1000 50 500 0 1.95 2.45 Vapc (V) Pout/Vapc (dB/V) 1500 3000 Idd/Vapc Pout/Vapc 250 Idd/Vapc (mA/V) Pout/Vapc (dB/V) 150 Figure 22. Pout/Vapc and Idd/Vapc vs. Vapc (EGSM band, Vdd = 3.0V). 8 1500 100 1000 50 500 0 1.40 2000 150 1500 100 1000 50 500 0 1.40 1.90 2.40 300 2500 200 0 0.90 1.90 Vapc (V) 300 2500 2000 1.45 150 Figure 21. Pout/Vapc and Idd/Vapc vs. Vapc (PCS 1880 MHz, Vdd = 3.5V). Figure 20. Pout/Vapc and Idd/Vapc vs. Vapc (DCS 1750 MHz, Vdd = 3.5V). 3000 200 0 0.95 2000 0 0.90 2.20 2500 200 Vapc (V) Vapc (V) Figure 19. Pout/Vapc and Idd/Vapc vs. Vapc (EGSM band, Vdd = 3.5V). 250 1.70 2.40 Vapc (V) Figure 23. Pout/Vapc and Idd/Vapc vs. Vapc (DCS 1750 MHz, Vdd = 3.0V). 3000 Idd/Vapc Pout/Vapc 250 Idd/Vapc (mA/V) 1.45 250 Idd/Vapc Pout/Vapc Idd/Vapc (mA/V) 100 250 3000 2500 200 2000 150 1500 100 1000 50 500 0 0.90 0 1.40 1.90 2.40 Vapc (V) Figure 24. Pout/Vapc and Idd/Vapc vs. Vapc (PCS 1880 MHz, Vdd = 3.0V). Idd/Vapc (mA/V) 1500 3000 Idd/Vapc (mA/V) 150 300 Pout/Vapc (dB/V) 2000 3500 Pout/Vapc (dB/V) Pout/Vapc (dB/V) 200 Idd/Vapc Pout/Vapc 300 2500 Pout/Vapc (dB/V) Idd/Vapc Pout/Vapc 250 0 0.95 350 3000 Idd/Vapc (mA/V) 300 Demo Board Schematic for PA Only Vdd C13 C14 14 18 DCS/PCS RFin Agilent Vdd 20 C2 11 21 C11 C3 23 C9 YYWW C4 24 7 C5 EGSM RFin DCS/PCS RFout ACPM-7891 C8 EGSM RFout Vdd 26 1 4 Vdd C7 Component Label C2 C3 C4 C5 C7 C8 C9 C11 C13 C14 Component Value .033 µF 12 pF 220 pF .033 µF 220 pF 33 pF .033 µF 33 pF .033 µF 27 pF Pin Description Table No. Function 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 Gnd Vapc EGSM Gnd Vdd3 EGSM Gnd Gnd RFout EGSM Gnd Gnd Gnd RFout DCS/PCS Gnd Gnd Vdd3 DCS/PCS Gnd Vapc DCS/PCS Gnd RFin DCS/PCS Gnd Vdd1,2 DCS/PCS Vdd1,2 Bypass Gnd Vdd1,2 Bypass Vdd1,2 EGSM Gnd RFin EGSM Description Notes EGSM Control Voltage See datasheet Figure 4 EGSM Supply 3rd stage 3.5V nominal – output stage, bypass with 0.033 µF//220 pF[1] EGSM Output 50Ω nominal, external d.c. blocking required – 33 pF DCS/PCS Output 50Ω nominal, external d.c. blocking required – 33 pF DCS/PCS Supply 3rd stage 3.5V nominal – output stage, bypass with 0.033 µF//27 pF[1] DCS/PCS Control voltage See datasheet Figure 5 (DCS) and Figure 6 (PCS) DCS/PCS Input +2 dBm GMSK, 50Ω nominal, internally d.c. blocked DCS/PCS Supply 1st and 2nd stages DCS/PCS 1st and 2nd stage bypassing 3.5V nominal – driver stages, bypass with 0.033 µF bypass with 12 pF EGSM 1st and 2nd stage bypassing EGSM Supply 1st and 2nd stages bypass with 220 pF 3.5V nominal – driver stages, bypass with 0.033 µF EGSM Input +2 dBm GMSK, 50Ω nominal, internally d.c. blocked Note: 1. In addition a 2.2 µF capacitor should be connected to pins 4 and 14 or alternatively star connections can be made from a single 2.2 µF capacitor keeping the connection distances as short as possible. 9 Ordering Information Part Number No. of Devices Container ACPM-7891-BLK 10 Bulk ACPM-7891-TR1 1000 13” Tape and Reel 16 15 14 0.2282 (5.80) 0.0590 (1.50) 17 0.1932 (4.91) 0.0430 (1.09) Package Dimensions 0.4724 (12.00) 0.4424 (11.24) 0.4142 (10.52) 0.4644 (11.80) 0.4295 (10.91) 13 19 12 0.3670 (9.32) 20 11 0.3197 (8.12) YYWWDDLLLL 18 22 23 Agilent ACPM-7891 21 0.2792 (7.09) 10 0.2725 (6.92) 9 0.2252 (5.72) 0.1932 (4.91) 8 0.1780 (4.52) 7 0.1307 (3.32) 25 6 26 5 0.0835 (2.12) 0.0582 (1.48) 0.0352 (0.92) 0.0080 (0.20) TOP VIEW Note: Measurements are in inches (millimeters). 10 END VIEW BOTTOM VIEW 0.2362 (6.00) 0.2062 (5.24) 4 0.1780 (4.52) 3 0.1307 (3.32) 2 0.0000 (0.00) 1 0.0430 (1.09) 0.0300 (0.76) 0.0000 (0.00) 0.0382 (0.92) 0.0582 (1.48) 0.0835 (2.12) 24 Tape Dimensions and Device Orientation REEL PIN 1 position (permanent) Agilent ACPM-7891 YYWWDDLLLL CARRIER TAPE USER FEED DIRECTION ACPM-7891 carrier tape COVER TAPE ACPM-7891 in carrier tape CARRIER TAPE 4.00±0.10 (0.156±0.004) 2.00±0.10 (0.078±0.004) 0.30±0.05 (0.012±0.00) ∅1.50±0.100 (∅0.059±0.004) 1.75±0.100 (0.068±0.004) 11.50 ± 0.10 (0.449±0.004) 24.00 ± 0.30 (0.936±0.012) 12.20 (0.476) 2.25 (0.088) 12.00 (0.468) 6.66 (0.260) Notes: Drawing not to scale. Measurements are in millimeters (inches). 11 ∅1.50 (∅0.059) DEVICE IN CARRIER TAPE Applications Information The control loop can also be implemented quickly by using an integrated power controller such as the LT1758-2 from Linear Technology. An example using this controller is given later in this note. The required loop performance and stability can be achieved more easily in this way, without the need for complex and time consuming design work around an external error comparator or discrete Schottky diode detector. Demoboards are available, and design engineers can evaluate the RF performance of the ACPM-7891 power amplifier to implement a solution quickly by using this application note in conjunction with the datasheet. 12 ACPM-7891 Chipset Transmit Switch/Diplexer 900MHz Coupler Antenna 1800MHz 1900MHz Baseband Loop Control DAC Receive 900MHz 1800MHz 1900MHz Figure 1. ACPM-7891 in a Typical Dual-band or Tri-band Terminal. ACPM-7891 Performance Figure 2 plots the actual output power of the ACPM-7891 PA for GSM900, DCS1800 and PCS1900 bands as a function of the control voltage, Vapc. The input power to the PA is a GMSK modulated RF carrier of a constant power level of 2 dBm. The PA’s maximum output power is 35 dBm in the GSM900 band, and 33 dBm for the DCS1800/ PCS1900 band at a control voltage of 2.2V. The input RF carrier and control voltage are both pulsed, following the GSM TDMA characteristic response with a period of 4.615ms and a duty cycle of 12.5~25% per the GSM standard. 40 35 30 25 Pout (dBm) Introduction The Agilent ACPM-7891 provides a cost effective dual or tri-band GSM Power Amplifier (PA) solution with the additional benefit of multi-slot GPRS operation, giving excellent efficiency and extended transmit time. Figure 1 illustrates how the ACPM-7891 fits into a typical dual-band or tri-band terminal design. The device is internally matched to 50Ω and therefore an effective design can be implemented quickly with a few additional capacitors for d.c. blocking of the output ports and bypassing of the supply pins. 20 15 10 5 0 EGSM DCS PCS -5 -10 -15 -20 0.75 0.95 1.15 1.35 1.55 1.75 1.95 2.15 Vapc (V) Figure 2. Output Power vs. Control Voltage for the ACPM-7891 Power Amplifier. ACPM-7891 Evaluation There are two options available when evaluating the ACPM-7891. Option A is to use the fully assembled and tested ACPM-7891 Test Board from Agilent which includes the PA and associated passive components. This board can be used to evaluate the basic performance of the PA against the typical electrical characteristics provided in the datasheet. All maximum and minimum PA parameters are verified prior to sending out this board. Table 1. EGSM Test Conditions. Parameter Symbol Test Condition Option B allows the PA performance to be evaluated within a power control loop environment by using the ACPM-7891 PA Control Board from Agilent which incorporates the commercially available control loop IC LT1758-2 from Linear Technologies. This device is used as an example; however, alternative off-the-shelf power control ICs are available from Linear Technologies, Analog Devices and other suppliers. The ACPM-7891 PA Control Board can be used in conjunction with an LT1758 Demoboard, available from Linear Technologies, which supplies the DAC and timing functions. Alternatively the DAC and timing functions can be supplied by a conventional two channel function generator. Operating Frequency f (MHz) Tx DCS frequency range: 1710 ~ 1785 MHz Tx PCS frequency range: 1850 ~ 1910 MHz Supply Voltage Vdd (V) Nominal voltage 3.5V. Extreme voltage conditions of 2.7V and 5.3V Input Power Level Pin (dBm) 2 dBm ± 2 dBm Control Voltage Vapc (V) Standard DAC output control level estimated at 0.1 to 2.6V. Maximum Vapc level: Vdd-0.3V Temperature To (C) -30, +25, +85°C Demo Board Test Conditions For both types of demoboards, a common set of test conditions apply. Tables 1 and 2 detail the test conditions for EGSM, DCS and PCS at Vdd = +3.5V, pulse width of 1154 µs, and a duty cycle of 25% for a case temperature of +25° C. 13 Parameter Symbol Test Condition Operating Frequency f (MHz) Tx EGSM frequency range: 880 ~ 915 MHz Supply Voltage Vdd (V) Nominal voltage 3.5V. Extreme voltage conditions of 2.7V and 5.3V Input Power Level Pin (dBm) 2 dBm ± 2 dBm Control Voltage Vapc (V) Standard DAC output control level estimated at 0.1 to 2.6V. Maximum Vapc level: Vdd-0.3V Temperature To (C) -30, +25, +85°C Table 2. DCS/PCS Test Conditions. Option A ACPM-7891 Test Board Figure 3 shows the schematic for the ACPM-7891 Test Board which provides a straightforward method of testing and evaluating the ACPM-7891. External RF sources, power and Vapc supplies are used. 24 C5 4 23 C4 C7 26 C9 7 EGSM RFin EGSM RFout C8 2 EGSM Vapc Vdd 20 Gnd C2 Option B Power Control Loop Design The implementation of a transmitter power control is one of the most engineering-intensive and time-consuming aspects of GSM handset design. It dictates the correct transmit power level and burst shaping in a GSM network. The use of an off-the-shelf power control IC helps simplify the engineering effort and shorten the design cycle time. The ACPM-7891 PA Control Board includes the ACPM-7891 PA, Linear Technology LTC1758-2 power control IC, EGSM/DCS/PCS directional couplers, tri-band diplexer and a 20-pin interface socket designed to work with an LTC1758 demo board from Linear Technology. 14 14 21 C3 C14 18 11 DCS/PCS RFin DCS/PCS RFout C11 DCS/PCS Vapc C13 16 1, 3, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 12, 13, 15, 17, 19, 22, 25 Figure 3. Schematic of ACPM-7891 Test Board. Component Label Component Value C2 .033 µF C3 12 pF C4 220 pF C5 .033 µF C7 220 pF C8 33 pF C9 .033 µF C11 33 pF C13 .033 µF C14 27 pF Figure 4 depicts the basic block diagram of the ACPM-7891 PA control board, Figure 5 shows the control board layout, and Table 3 details its bill of materials. The supporting LTC1758 demoboard is available upon request from Linear Technology. It has a 900 MHz and an 1800 MHz RF channel controlled by the LTC1758. Timing signals for TXEN are generated on the board using a 13 MHz crystal ref- erence. The PCTL power control pin is driven by a 10-bit DAC and the DAC profile can be loaded via a serial port. The serial port data is stored in flash memory which is capable of storing eight ramp profiles. The board is supplied preloaded with four GSM power profiles and four DCS power profiles, covering the entire power range. External timing signals can also be used in place of the internal crystal controlled timing. 2.2 pF 220 pF 33 pF 68Ω 16 14 VAPC DCS/PCS Vdd3 DCS/PCS RFin DCS/PCS VBATT 18 33 pF VCC VIN RF RFout DCS/PCS 33 pF 50Ω ACPM-7891 SHDN TXEN GND PCTL TXEN RFout EGSM RFin EGSM VAPC EGSM 2 DAC Figure 4. Block Diagram of the ACPM-7891 PA Control Board. 50Ω 7 33 pF 26 RFin EGSM 15 DIPLEXER 11 VPCA LTC1758 SHDN DIRECTIONAL COUPLER RFin DCS/PCS Vdd EGSM 4 33 pF 220 pF 2.2 pF DIRECTIONAL COUPLER RFout Figure 5. ACPM-7891 Control Board Layout. Table 3. Bill of Materials for ACPM-7891 Control Board. Qty Device Type, Component Value & Tolerance Reference 1 Agilent ACPM-7891 Power Amplifier U1 2 CAP_C0402-.033µF,+80,-20A .033µF +80 C24,C31 1 CAP_C0402- 15pF,5%, 50V, CEA 15pF 5% C3 2 CAP_C0402- 220pF,10%, 50V, A 220pF10% C33,C36 11 CAP_C0402- 33pF,5%, 50V, CEA 33pF 5% C4, C5, C8, C9, C10, C27, C28, C32, C35, C44, C45 1 CAP_C0402- 47pF,5%, 50V, CEA 47pF 5% C7 2 CAP_C0603- .1µF,5%, 20V, CEA .1µF 5% C2, C6 1 CAP_TANT_C0805_T-ECST1AZ225R, CB 2.2µF +/-20% C34 1 CAP_TANT_SMT6032-ECST1AZ225R, CB 2.2µF +/-20% C4 1 CAP_C1206- .47µF,+80-20%, A .47µF +80-20% C1 1 CONN20PIN_EDGE20-CONN20PIN,HEAB J2 6 TP_FLAT-TP TP1, TP2, TP4, TP5, TP6, TP7 5 JUMPER_2 J1, J3, J4, J5, J6 1 Murata LDC211G7420H-055, Directional Coupler X1 1 Murata LDC21897M20H-056, Directional Coupler X3 1 Murata LFD31897MDP1A010, Diplexer X2 1 CAP_1812- 22µF, 10%, 10V, Taiyo Yuden LMK432 C11 1 Linear Technology LTC1758_LT_MSOP8, Control Loop IC U2 1 MCR01J680, 68 5% R1 2 RC-4-0402-50R0J, 50 5% R2, R3 3 SMA_3 RF1, RF2, RF6 16 ACPM-7891 PA Control Board We have designed the ACPM-7891 PA control board to interface with the LTC1758 demo board to simplify engineering efforts. Test Setup I, Figure 6, illustrates the equipment setup if the LTC1758 demo board is to be used with the ACPM-7891 PA Control Board. However, the ACPM-7891 PA Control Board can also be tested without using the LTC1758 demo board. Test Setup II, Figure 7, illustrates the equipment setup under that scenario. Tek 2235 Vapc RAMP HP E4406A HP E4437B Power Divider 3 dB pad 20 dB pad PA Control Board 20 Ways HP 8593E External Signal Control Board Computer 20 dB pad Serial Connection HP 6623A Figure 6. Test Setup with the LT1758 Demoboard. Tek 2235 Vapc RAMP HP E4406A HP E4437B Power Divider 3 dB pad 20 dB pad PA Control Board HP 3245A RAMP HP 8593E TX_EN HP 6623A SHDN Vdd 20 dB pad Figure 7. Test Setup without the LT1758 Demoboard. 17 Test Setup I (With Linear Tech Board) Connect an RF signal generator with GMSK modulated signal to RFin EGSM port (RF2) or RFin DCS/PCS (RF1) on the PA control board. The maximum input power at RF1 and RF2 is +10 dBm. Typically +2 dBm is applied for the EGSM, DCS/PCS channels. Connect two measurement instruments, one for spectrum analyzer and the other VSA, to RFout (RF6). The maximum output power should be limited to +35 dBm. Connect the LTC-1758 demo board and the ACPM-7891 PA control board using 20 pinconnection socket. The external signal control board supplies bias voltage to PA control board and three timing signals — SHDN, TXEN and PCTL — to generate VPCA signal of the LTC1758. The VPCA signal is Power control voltage output and drives VAPC voltage of ACPM-7891 to define power ramp profile. Figure C2 in Appendix C details the LTC1758 timing diagram. The RF power supply voltage of the PA control board is set by VBATT ADJ on the external signal control board. This voltage can be varied over a 2.7V to 5.3V range and is nominally set to 3.5V. The VBATT voltage can be monitored on TP5 on the PA control board. Linear Technologies supplies the application program associated with the .txt file to be downloaded to the FLASH memory. The program controls the code 18 level of the DAC, whose data range is –1V to +1V. –1V corresponds to the zero code level and the actual 10-bit DAC range is 0V to +2.048V. The resolution is set about 2mV per step. The first sample of the data file is assigned the “default” value, which is included 1251 sample waveform of input data. This is a “code” value for the Lab View application program. The first sample being the default value and the other 1250 samples being the waveform data to be outputted to the DAC. The default value will then be loaded into all memory locations after the 1250 samples have been loaded. After programming the flash 16k segments the system can be set to run by setting the rotary switch to the programmed memory segment and resetting the external signal control board using the reset switch. Test Setup II (Without Linear Tech Board) Without LTC1758 demo board, we can get the same test result as above test. In this case, the Agilent (HP) 3245A generates two relevant signals, TX_EN and RAMP with synchronized time. Connect an RF signal generator with GMSK modulated signal to RFin EGSM port (RF2) or RFin DCS/PCS (RF1) on the PA control board. Typically +2 dBm is applied for the EGSM, DCS/PCS channels. Connect two measurement instruments, one for spectrum analyzer and the other VSA, to RFout (RF6). The maximum output power should be limited to +35 dBm. Agilent (HP) E4406A: The Agilent E4406A, transmitter tester is used to measure power level in EGSM/DCS/PCS mode displaying the characteristic time mask. Agilent (HP) E4437B: The signal generator is used to provide GMSK GSM modulated input signal at a defined frequency. Agilent (HP)8593E: The Agilent 8991A is a spectrum analyzer used to measure the output power of diplexer in the frequency and time domain. Tek 2235: The Tek 2235 is an oscilloscope used to monitor RAMP signal and Vapc connected using the test points of PA control board. Agilent (HP) 6623A: The Agilent 6623A, power supply is nominally set to voltage 3.5V for Vdd. SHDN is set to 2.8V as high mode during TXEN and RAMP are enable. Agilent (HP) 3245A: The Agilent 3245A, function generator with two channels is set to two relevant signals based on the GSM specification. One signal generates TX_EN with 2.7V that has a period of 4.615 ms with a duty cycle of 12.5% (577 µs) and 216 Hz frequency. This TX_EN connects to TX_EN (TP7) pin on the RF control board. The other signal is RAMP signal that is same as PCTL of LTC1758. This RAMP connects to RAMP (TP6) pin on the RF control board. Test Results Using the demoboard with the Linear Technology IC, the results shown in Table 4 were obtained. The LTC1758 RAMP signal is generated from a DAC and a simple single-pole filter is used to shape the power ramp. The input RF signal is based on the GSM GMSK modulated signal. The results highlight the excellent power control functionality obtained by using the ACPM-7891 in conjunction with a power loop controller such as the LT1758. Results are given for all three bands, at four example power level settings, with the supply voltage at 3V, 3.6V and 4.3V. The figures show that excellent power output control is maintained over this supply voltage range, illustrating that the ACPM-7891 can enable designs that meet GSM transmitter specifications. Table 4. Results with variable Vdd and three point frequency ranges GSM900 Frequency Vdd (V) GSM5 (33 dBm) Vapc Pout (V) (dBm) GSM10 (23 dBm) Vapc Pout (V) (dBm) GSM15 (13 dBm) Vapc Pout (V) (dBm) GSM19 (5 dBm) Vapc Pout (V) (dBm) 900 MHz 3.0 3.6 4.3 2.00 1.60 1.58 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 Frequency Vdd (V) DCS0 (30 dBm) Vapc Pout (V) (dBm) DCS5 (20 dBm) Vapc Pout (V) (dBm) DCS10 (10 dBm) Vapc Pout (V) (dBm) DCS15 (0 dBm) Vapc Pout (V) (dBm) 1750 MHz 3.0 3.6 4.3 2.0 1.7 1.7 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 Frequency Vdd (V) PCS0 (30 dBm) Vapc Pout (V) (dBm) PCS5 (20 dBm) Vapc Pout (V) (dBm) PCS10 (10 dBm) Vapc Pout (V) (dBm) PCS15 (0 dBm) Vapc Pout (V) (dBm) 1880 MHz 3.0 3.6 4.3 1.95 1.7 1.7 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 33.07 33.04 33.04 23.54 23.55 23.56 13.49 13.51 13.52 5.09 5.12 5.09 DCS1800 30.35 30.32 30.28 20.20 20.17 20.14 10.42 10.40 10.37 0.08 0.06 0.06 PCS1900 19 29.26 29.24 29.20 20.12 20.10 20.07 10.64 10.60 10.56 -0.04 -0.05 -0.09 Appendix A ACPM-7891 PA Control Board Layout 20 Bottom G GND Power Top In order to dissipate heat, additional via holes on the PCB are needed on the printed circuit board. 0.071 [1.80] 0.099 [2.52] 0.118 [3.00] 0.000 [0.00] 0.024 [0.60] Appendix B Stencil Design on PCB for ACPM-7891 0.236 [6.00] 0.2317 [5.52] 0.189 [4.80] 0.142 [3.60] 0.150 [3.82] Solder mask should not be applied to thermal/ground plane underneath the vias in a way that will reduce heat transfer efficiency from conductive paddle to ambient. The stencil design enables solder paste to fill up the vias and form a solid conducting bar that further improves the thermal dissipation. A properly designed solder screen or stencil is required to ensure optimum amount of solder paste is deposited onto the PCB pads. The recommended stencil layout is shown in Figure B1. The stencil has a solder paste deposition opening approximately 90% of the PCB pad. Reducing stencil opening of the conductive paddle potentially generate void underneath, on the other hand stencil opening larger than 100% will lead to excessive solder paste smear across the conductive paddle to adjacent I/O pads. 21 0.236 [2.40] 0.047 [1.20] 0.000 [0.00] 0.043 [1.09] 0.220 [5.59] 0.022 [0.56] 0.022 [0.56] Figure B1. Recommended Stencil. 0.011 [0.26] Appendix C LTC1758 Theory of Operation The LTC1758-2 is a dual band RF power controller for RF power amplifiers operating in the 850 MHz to 2 GHz range. RF power is controlled by driving the RF amplifier power control pins and sensing the resultant RF output power via a directional coupler. The RF sense voltage is peak detected using an on-chip Schottky diode. This detected voltage is compared to the DAC voltage at the PCTL pin to control the output power. The RF power amplifier is protected against high supply current and high power control pin voltages. Internal and external offsets are cancelled over temperature by an autozero control loop, allowing accurate low power programming. The shutdown feature disables the part and reduces the supply current to <1_A. Modes of Operation The LTC1758-2 supports three operating modes: shutdown, autozero and enable. In enable mode (SHDN = High, TXEN = High) the control loop and protection functions will be operational. When TXEN is switched high, acquisition will begin. The control amplifier will start to ramp the control voltage to the RF power amplifier. The RF amplifier will then start to turn on. The feedback signal from the directional coupler and the output power will be detected by the LTC1758-2 at the 10 VCC 9 VPCA 8 VPCB 7 TXEN 6 PCTL 1 2 3 4 5 MS10 Package 10-Lead Plastic MSOP Figure C1. LTC-1758-2 Pinout. MODE SHDN TXEN OPERATION Shutdown Low Low Disabled Autozero High Low Autozero Enable High High Power Control Shutdown Autozero Enable SHDN TXEN tS Note 1 PCTL Start Voltage VPCB Start Voltage tS: autozero settling time, 50µs minimum t1: BSEL change prior to TXEN, 200ns typical t2: BSEL change after TXEN, 200ns typical Note 1: The external DAC driving the PCTL pin can be enabled during autozero. The autozero system will cancel the DAC transient. the DAC must be settled to an offset ≥ 400mv before TXEN is asserted high. Figure C2. LTC1758-2 Timing Diagram. 22 t2 BSEL VPCA In autozero mode (SHDN = High, TXEN = Low) VPCA and VPCB will remain connected to ground and the part will be in the autozero mode. The part must remain in autozero for at least 50_s to allow for the autozero circuit to settle. The LTC1758 datasheet provides more detailed description of the part’s operation and can be downloaded from Linear Technology’s website. TOP VIEW VIN RF SHDN BSEL GND t1 In shutdown mode (SHDN = Low) the part is disabled and supply currents will be reduced to <1_A. VPCA and VPCB will be connected to ground via 100_ switches. RF pin. The loop closes and the amplifier output tracks the DAC voltage ramping at PCTL. The RF power output will then follow the programmed power profile from the DAC. www.agilent.com/semiconductors For product information and a complete list of distributors, please go to our web site. For technical assistance call: Americas/Canada: +1 (800) 235-0312 or (916) 788-6763 Europe: +49 (0) 6441 92460 China: 10800 650 0017 Hong Kong: (+65) 6271 2451 India, Australia, New Zealand: (+65) 6271 2394 Japan: (+81 3) 3335-8152(Domestic/International), or 0120-61-1280(Domestic Only) Korea: (+65) 6271 2194 Malaysia, Singapore: (+65) 6271 2054 Taiwan: (+65) 6271 2654 Data subject to change. Copyright © 2003 Agilent Technologies, Inc. Obsoletes 5988-8926EN June 18, 2003 5988-9542EN