High Gain Darlington Output Optocouplers Technical Data 4N45 4N46 Features Description • High Current Transfer Ratio–1500% Typical • Low Input Current Requirement–0.5 mA • Performance Guaranteed over 0°C to 70°C Temperature Range • Internal Base-Emitter Resistor Minimizes Output Leakage • Gain-Bandwidth Adjustment Pin • Safety Approval UL Recognized -2500 V rms for 1 Minute CSA Approved The 4N45/46 optocouplers contain a GaAsP light emitting diode optically coupled to a high gain photodetector IC. Applications • Telephone Ring Detector • Digital Logic Ground Isolation • Low Input Current Line Receiver • Line Voltage Status Indicator–Low Input Power Dissipation • Logic to Reed Relay Interface • Level Shifting • Interface Between Logic Families The excellent performance over temperature results from the inclusion of an integrated emitterbase bypass resistor which shunts photodiode and first stage leakage currents as well as bleeding off excess base drive to ground. External access to the second stage base provides the capability for better noise rejection than a conventional photodarlington detector. An external resistor or capacitor at the base can be added to make a gain-bandwidth or input current threshold adjustment. The base lead can also be used for feedback. The high current transfer ratio at very low input currents permits circuit designs in which adequate margin can be allowed for the effects of optical coupling variations. The 4N46 has a 350% minimum CTR at an input current of only 0.5 mA making it ideal for use in low input current applications such as MOS, CMOS and low power logic interfacing. Compatibility with high voltage CMOS logic systems is assured by the 20 V minimum breakdown voltage of the output transistor and by the guaranteed maximum output leakage (IOH) at 18 V. The 4N45 has a 250% minimum CTR at 1.0 mA input current and a 7 V minimum breakdown voltage rating. Selection for lower input current down to 250 µA is available upon request. Functional Diagram TRUTH TABLE (POSITIVE LOGIC) ANODE 1 6 VB LED ON L CATHODE 2 5 VO OFF H 3 4 GND OUTPUT *JEDEC Registered Data **JEDEC Registered up to 70°C. CAUTION: It is advised that normal static precautions be taken in handling and assembly of this component to prevent damage and/or degradation which may be induced by ESD. 1-434 5965-3576E Ordering Information Specify part number followed by Option Number (if desired). 4N45#XXX 300 = Gull Wing Surface Mount Lead Option 500 = Tape/Reel Package Option (1 K min) Option data sheets available. Contact your Hewlett-Packard sales representative or authorized distributor for information. Schematic IF 1 ANODE Outline Drawing IO 5 VO VF CATHODE 7.36 (0.290) 7.88 (0.310) 9.40 (0.370) 9.90 (0.390) + 6 5 4 – 2 TRUTH TABLE (POSITIVE LOGIC) LED OUTPUT ON L OFF H YYWW GND PIN ONE DOT 6 1 RU 2 UL RECOGNITION 5° TYP. 3 6.10 (0.240) 6.60 (0.260) 1.78 (0.070) MAX. VB 0.20 (0.008) 0.33 (0.013) DATE CODE HPXXXX 4 TYPE NUMBER 4.70 (0.185) MAX. (0.020) (0.040) 2.66 (0.105) MIN. ANODE 1 6 VB CATHODE 2 5 VO 3 4 GND 0.45 (0.018) 0.65 (0.025) 2.28 (0.090) 2.80 (0.110) 2.16 (0.085) 2.54 (0.100) DIMENSIONS IN MILLIMETERS AND (INCHES). Outline Drawing – Option 300 9.65 ± 0.25 (0.380 ± 0.010) PAD LOCATION (FOR REFERENCE ONLY) 4.826 (0.190) TYP. 6.35 ± 0.25 (0.250 ± 0.010) 9.398 (0.370) 9.906 (0.390) 0.381 (0.015) 0.635 (0.025) 1.194 (0.047) 1.778 (0.070) 1.78 (0.070) MAX. 9.65 ± 0.25 (0.380 ± 0.010) 0.635 ± 0.130 (0.025 ± 0.005) 7.62 ± 0.25 (0.300 ± 0.010) 0.20 (0.008) 0.30 (0.013) 4.19 MAX. (0.165) 2.29 (0.090) 2.54 (0.100) TYP. DIMENSIONS IN mm (INCHES) TOLERANCES: xx.xx = 0.01 xx.xxx = 0.001 (unless otherwise specified) 0.635 ± 0.25 (0.025 ± 0.010) 12° NOM. [3] [5] LEAD COPLANARITY MAXIMUM: 0.102 (0.004) 4N45 Outline – Option 300 1-435 TEMPERATURE – °C Thermal Profile (Option #300) 260 240 220 200 180 160 140 120 100 80 ∆T = 145°C, 1°C/SEC ∆T = 115°C, 0.3°C/SEC 0 1 2 3 4 5 The 4N45 and 4N46 have been approved by the following regulatory organizations: UL Recognized under UL 1577, Component Recognition Program, File E55361. ∆T = 100°C, 1.5°C/SEC 60 40 20 0 Regulatory Information 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 TIME – MINUTES Figure 1. Maximum Solder Reflow Thermal Profile. (Note: Use of non-chlorine activated fluxes is recommended.) CSA Approved under CSA Component Acceptance Notice #5, File CA 88324. Insulation and Safety Related Specifications Parameter Symbol Value Units Conditions Min. External Air Gap (External Clearance) L(IO1) 7.1 mm Measured from input terminals to output terminals, shortest distance through air Min. External Tracking Path (External Creepage) L(IO2) 7.4 mm Measured from input terminals to output terminals, shortest distance path along body 0.08 mm Through insulation distance, conductor to conductor, usually the direct distance between the photoemitter and photodetector inside the optocoupler cavity 200 Volts DIN IEC 112/VDE 0303 PART 1 Min. Internal Plastic Gap (Internal Clearance) Tracking Resistance (Comparative Tracking Index) Isolation Group CTI IIIa Material Group (DIN VDE 0110, 1/89, Table 1) Option 300 – surface mount classification is Class A in accordance with CECC 00802. Absolute Maximum Ratings Storage Temperature, TS ............................................. -55°C to +125°C Operating Temperature, TA ........................................... -40°C to +85°C Lead Solder Temperature, max .......................................... 260°C for 10 s (1.6 mm below seating plane) Average Input Current, IF ......................................................... 20 mA[1] Peak Input Current, IF ................................................................... 40 mA (50% duty cycle, 1 ms pulse width) Peak Transient Input Current, IF ...................................................... 1.0 A (≤ 1 µs pulse width, 300 pps) Reverse Input Voltage, VR ................................................................. 5 V Input Power Dissipation, PI .................................................... 35 mW[2] Output Current, IO (Pin 5) ...................................................... 60 mA[3] Emitter-Base Reverse Voltage (Pins 4-6) .......................................... 0.5 V Output Voltage, VO (Pin 5-4) 4N45 ................................................................................. -0.5 to 7 V 4N46 ............................................................................... -0.5 to 20 V Output Power Dissipation ..................................................... 100 mW[4] Infrared and Vapor Phase Reflow Temperature (Option #300) .......................................... see Fig. 1, Thermal Profile 1-436 Recommended Operating Conditions Parameter Output Voltage (4N46) Output Voltage (4N45) Input Current (High) Input Voltage (Low) Operating Temperature Symbol VO Min. 4.5 4.5 0.5 0 0 IF(ON) VF(OFF) TA Max. 20 7 10 0.8 70 Units V V mA V °C DC Electrical Specifications Over recommended temperature (TA = 0°C to 70°C), unless otherwise specified. Parameter Current Transfer Ratio Logic Low Output Voltage Device Symbol Min. 4N46 CTR 350* 500* 200* 4N45 250* 200* 4N46 VOL 4N45 Logic High Output Current 4N46 4N45 Input Forward Voltage IOH* Temperature Coefficient of Forward Voltage Input Reverse Breakdown Voltage Input Capacitance ∆VF ∆TA BVR* VF CIN Typ.* 1500 1500 600 1200 500 0.90 0.92 0.95 0.90 0.95 0.001 0.001 1.4 Max. Units Test Conditions Fig. Note 3200 % IF = 0.5 mA, VO = 1.0 V 3, 4, 5, 6, 2000 IF = 1.0 mA, VO = 1.0 V 5, 11, 8 1000 IF = 10 mA, VO = 1.2 V 12 2000 % IF = 1.0 mA, VO = 1.0 V 1000 IF = 10 mA, VO = 1.2 V 1.0 V IF = 0.5 mA, IOL = 1.75 mA 3 6 1.0 IF = 1.0 mA, IOL = 5.0 mA 1.2 IF = 10 mA, IOL = 20 mA 1.0 V IF = 1.0 mA, IOL = 2.5 mA 1.2 IF = 10 mA, IOL = 20 mA 100 µA IF = 0 mA, VO = 18 V 6 250 µA IF = 0 mA, VO = 5 V 1.7* V TA = 25°C IF = 1.0 mA 2 1.75 -1.8 mV/°C IF = 1.0 mA 5 60 V IR = 10 µA pF f = 1 MHz, VF = 0 Switching Specifications (Over recommended temperature TA = 0°C to 70°C unless otherwise specified. VCC = 5.0 V. Parameter Symbol Min. Typ.* Max. Units Test Conditions Fig. Note Propagation Delay Time tPHL 80 µs TA = 25°C IF = 0.5 mA 6, 7, 6, 8 to Logic Low at Output RL = 10 kΩ 8, 9, 11, 13 tPHL 5 50* TA = 25°C IF = 10 mA 60 RL = 2.2 kΩ Propagation Delay Time tPLH 1500 µs TA = 25°C IF = 10 mA 6, 7, 6, 8 to Logic High at Output RL = 10 kΩ 8, 9, 11, 13 tPLH 150 500* TA = 25°C IF = 10 mA 600 RL = 220 kΩ Common Mode |CMH| 500 V/µs IF = 0 mA, RL = 10 kΩ 10 9 Transient Immunity at |VCM| = 10 VP-P High Output Level Common Mode |CML| 500 V/µs IF = 1.0 mA, RL = 10 kΩ 10 9 Transient Immunity at |VCM| = 10 VP-P Low Output Level *JEDEC Registered Data. **All typicals at TA = 25°C, unless otherwise noted. 1-437 Package Characteristics For 0°C ≤ TA ≤ 70°C, unless otherwise specified. All typicals at TA = 25°C. Parameter Symbol Min. Input-Output Momentary VISO 2500 Withstand Voltage* Resistance, Input-Output RI-O Capacitance, Input-Output CI-O Typ. 1012 0.6 Max. Units V rms Ω pF Test Conditions RH ≤ 50%, t = 1 min, TA = 25°C VI-O = 500 Vdc f = 1 MHz Fig. Notes 7, 10 7 7 *The Input-Output Momentary Withstand Voltage is a dielectric voltage rating that should not be interpreted as an input-output continuous voltage rating. For the continuous voltage rating refer to the VDE 0884 Insulation Characteristics Table (if applicable), your equipment level safety specification, or HP Application Note 1074, “Optocoupler Input-Output Endurance Voltage.” Notes: 1. Derate linearly above 50°C free-air temperature at a rate of 0.4 mA/°C. 2. Derate linearly above 50°C free-air temperature at a rate of 0.7 mW/°C. 3. Derate linearly above 25°C free-air temperature at a rate of 0.8 mA/°C. 4. Derate linearly above 25°C free-air temperature at a rate of 1.5 mW/°C. 5. DC CURRENT TRANSFER RATIO is defined as the ratio of output collector current, IO, to the forward LED input current, IF, times 100%. 6. Pin 6 Open. Figure 2. Input Diode Forward Current vs. Forward Voltage. 7. Device considered a two-terminal device: Pins 1, 2, 3 shorted together and Pins 4, 5, and 6 shorted together. 8. Use of a resistor between pin 4 and 6 will decrease gain and delay time. (See Figures 11, 12, and 13.) 9. Common mode transient immunity in Logic High level is the maximum tolerable (positive) dVcm /dt on the leading edge of the common mode pulse, VCM , to assure that the output will remain in a Logic High state (i.e., VO > 2.5 V). Common mode transient immunity in Logic Low level is the maximum tolerable (negative) dVcm/dt on the trailing edge of the common mode pulse signal, Vcm, to assure that the output will remain in a Logic Low state (i.e., VO < 2.5 V). 10. In accordance with UL 1577, each optocoupler is proof tested by applying an insulation test voltage ≥ 3000 V rms for 1 second (leakage detection current limit, II-O ≤ 5 µA). Figure 3. Typical DC Transfer Characteristics. Figure 4. Output Current vs. Input Current. VCC = 5 V Figure 5. Current Transfer Ratio vs. Input Current. 1-438 Figure 6. Propagation Delay vs. Forward Current. VCC = 5 V Figure 7. Propagation Delay vs. Temperature. VCC = 5 V + 5 V (VCC) Figure 8. Propagation Delay vs. Load Resistor. Figure 9. Switching Test Circuit. + 5 V (VCC) Figure 10. Test Circuit for Transient Immunity and Typical Waveforms. VCC = 5 V Figure 11. External Base Resistor, RX. Figure 12. Effect of RX On Current Transfer Ratio. Figure 13. Effect of RX On Propagation Delay. 1-439 Applications TTL Interface Telephone Ring Detector Line Voltage Monitor CMOS Interface Analog Signal Isolation 1-440