MP2040 Fast Transient Response, 3A Dual Supply Very Low Dropout Linear Regulator The Future of Analog IC Technology DESCRIPTION FEATURES The MP2040 is a very low dropout, dual supply linear regulator. The use of two supplies allows the BIAS to control an NMOS device. The NMOS device supplies power to the load via the IN. In this way the input supply can be just above the desired output, yet still provide very good regulation performance due to the higher bias supply. The BIAS operates from a 3.3V to 5.5V input and regulates the output voltage to as low as 0.9V, and as high as 3.3V. • • • • • • • • • • • • • The MP2040 can supply up to 3A of load current with a typical dropout voltage of 150mV. The BIAS runs the internal reference and drive circuitry, while the output current comes directly from the IN for high efficiency regulation. • Other features of MP2040 include thermal overload and current limit protection, power good indicator, stability with ultra low ESR ceramic capacitors as low as 1uF, and fast transient response. The MP2040 is available in 10-pin QFN (3mm x 3mm), and in QFN (5mm x 5mm) packages. Wide 1.1V to 5V Input Voltage Range Stable with Very Small Ceramic Capacitors 150mV Dropout at 3A Output 2% Accurate Output Voltage Adjustable Output Range of 0.9V to 3.3V Low Noise: 80µVRMS (10Hz to 100kHz) Very fast transient response PSRR o 40dB at 100kHz Better Than 0.001%/mA Load Regulation Stable With Low-ESR Output Capacitors Internal Thermal Protection Current Limit Protection 0.1µA Typical Quiescent Current at Shutdown Power Good Indicator APPLICATIONS • • • • Industrial Process & Control Equipment Telecom Equipment PAID Storage DSP/ASIC/µC Post Regulation for Switching Power Supplies “MPS” and “The Future of Analog IC Technology” are Registered Trademarks of Monolithic Power Systems, Inc. TYPICAL APPLICATION U1 VIN 1 2 BIAS PGOOD GND 3 4 5 IN OUT IN OUT MP2040 BIAS FB PG EN GND BP 10 1.2V/3A VOUT 9 8 7 EN C6 10nF 6 C8 1nF MP2040 Rev.1.0 9/21/2010 www.MonolithicPower.com MPS Proprietary Information. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited. © 2010 MPS. All Rights Reserved. 1 MP2040 –FAST TRANSIENT RESPONSE, 3A VERY LOW DROPOUT LINEAR REGULATOR ORDERING INFORMATION Part Number Package Top Marking Free Air Temperature (TA) MP2040DQ* 3x3 QFN10 7D -40°C to +85°C MP2040DU** 5x5 QFN32 MP2040DU -40°C to +85°C * For Tape & Reel, add suffix –Z (e.g. MP2040DQ–Z). For RoHS compliant packaging, add suffix –LF (e.g. MP2040DQ–LF–Z) ** For Tape & Reel, add suffix –Z (e.g. MP2040DU–Z). For RoHS compliant packaging, add suffix –LF (e.g. MP2040DU–LF–Z) PACKAGE REFERENCE TOP VIEW N/C N/C N/C N/C N/C N/C N/C N/C TOP VIEW 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 N/C 1 24 N/C 2 23 VOUT VIN 1 10 VOUT VIN VIN 2 9 VOUT VIN 3 22 VOUT VIN 4 21 VOUT VIN 5 20 VOUT BIAS 3 8 FB PGOOD 4 7 EN GND 5 6 BYPASS EXPOSED PAD ON BACKSIDE BIAS 6 19 FB PGOOD 7 18 EN GND 8 17 BYPASS 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 N/C N/C N/C N/C N/C N/C N/C N/C EXPOSED PAD ON BACKSIDE 3x3 QFN10 5x5 QFN32 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS (1) VBIAS, VIN to GND.............................-0.3V to +6V FB, EN, to GND ................................-0.3V to 6V VOUT ................................-0.3V to VIN + 0.3 or 6V PGOOD ......................-0.3V to VBIAS + 0.3 or 6V BYPASS ......................-0.3V to VBIAS +0.3 or 6V (2) Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +25°C) QFN10 3X3 ................................................ 2.5W QFN32 5X5 .............................................. 3.47W Junction Temperature ...............................150°C Lead Temperature ....................................260°C Storage Temperature .............. -65°C to +150°C Recommended Operating Conditions (3) Input Voltage VIN .............................1.1V to 5.5V Input Voltage VBIAS ..........................3.3V to 5.5V Output Voltage ................................0.9V to 3.3V Load Current ...............................3.0A Maximum Operating Junct. Temp (TJ)...... -40°C to +125°C MP2040 Rev.1.0 9/21/2010 Thermal Resistance (4) θJA θJC QFN10 3X3… ......................... 50……12 °C/W QFN32 5X5… ......................... 36….…8 °C/W Notes: 1) Exceeding these ratings may damage the device. 2) The maximum allowable power dissipation is a function of the maximum junction temperature TJ (MAX), the junction-toambient thermal resistance θJA, and the ambient temperature TA. The maximum allowable continuous power dissipation at any ambient temperature is calculated by PD (MAX) = (TJ (MAX)-TA)/θJA. Exceeding the maximum allowable power dissipation will cause excessive die temperature, and the regulator will go into thermal shutdown. Internal thermal shutdown circuitry protects the device from permanent damage. 3) The device is not guaranteed to function outside of its operating conditions. 4) Measured on JESD51-7, 4-layer PCB. www.MonolithicPower.com MPS Proprietary Information. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited. © 2010 MPS. All Rights Reserved. 2 MP2040 –FAST TRANSIENT RESPONSE, 3A VERY LOW DROPOUT LINEAR REGULATOR ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS VIN = 1.5V, VBIAS = 3.6V, VOUT = 1.2V, COUT = 1µF, CIN = 0.1µF, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted. Parameter VIN Operating Voltage VBIAS Operating Voltage VBIAS Operating Current FB Regulation Voltage Symbol Condition IOUT = 2A -40°C ≤ TA ≤ +85°C IOUT = 3A, VBIAS = 3.6V IOUT = 1mA, VIN = 1.5 to 5V VBIAS = 5V VOUT = 1.2V IOUT = 1mA, VBIAS = 3.6V to 5.5V VOUT = 1.2V VIN = 1.5V IOUT = 1mA to 1A VIN > VOUT + 0.5V, COUT = 4.7µF, VIN(AC) = 100mV, f = 100kHz VB=5V Dropout Voltage VIN Line Regulation Min 1.1 3.3 0.5 0.495 Typ 3.5 0.51 0.51 150 Max 5.5 5.5 0.52 0.525 Units V V mA V mV 1 mV 2 mV 0.001 %/mA 40 dB Power Good Threshold 440 mV Power Good Delay 80 µs 3.6 A VBIAS Line Regulation Load Regulation PSRR (VIN) Current Limit (5) Soft Start BYPASS=open 280 µs Power Good Voltage Isink=230µA 0.39 V EN Input High Voltage EN Input Low Voltage EN Input Bias Current 1.5 VEN = 1.2V 0.8 +1 –1 V V µA Thermal Protection 135 °C Thermal Protection Hysteresis 15 °C Notes: 5) Guaranteed by Designer. MP2040 Rev.1.0 9/21/2010 www.MonolithicPower.com MPS Proprietary Information. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited. © 2010 MPS. All Rights Reserved. 3 MP2040 –FAST TRANSIENT RESPONSE, 3A VERY LOW DROPOUT LINEAR REGULATOR PIN FUNCTIONS QFN3X3 10pins Pin # Name Description 9, 10 VOUT Regulator Output. OUT is the output of the linear regulator, By pass OUT to GND with a 4.7µF or greater capacitor. 3 BIAS Bias Voltage. Bypass to ground with a 1µF or greater capacitor, VB>=VIN. 8 FB Feedback Input. Connect a resistive voltage divider from OUT to FB to set the output voltage. OUT feedback threshold is 0.51V. 7 EN Enable Input. Drive EN high to turn on the MP2040, drive EN low to turn it off. For automatic startup, connect EN to IN. 5 GND Ground, exposed pad. 1, 2 VIN Power Source Input. IN supplies power to the load at the output (through the power transistor). Bypass IN to GND with a 1µF or greater capacitor. 4 PGOOD Open drain output. High indicated VOUT> 90% final value. 6 BYPASS Connect a 1nF to this pin. Do not load this pin resistively. QFN5x5 32pins Pin # 20, 21,22, 23 6 19 18 8 2, 3, 4, 5 7 17 1, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32 Description Regulator Output. OUT is the output of the linear regulator, By pass OUT to GND with a VOUT 4.7µF or greater capacitor. BIAS Bias Voltage. Bypass to ground with a 1µF or greater capacitor, VB>=VIN. Feedback Input. Connect a resistive voltage divider from OUT to FB to set the output FB voltage. OUT feedback threshold is 0.51V. Enable Input. Drive EN high to turn on the MP2040, drive EN low to turn it off. For EN automatic startup, connect EN to IN. GND Ground, exposed pad. Power Source Input. IN supplies power to the load at the output (through the power VIN transistor). Bypass IN to GND with a 1µF or greater capacitor. PGOOD Open drain output. High indicated VOUT> 90% final value. BYPASS Connect a 1nF to this pin. Do not load this pin resistively. MP2040 Rev.1.0 9/21/2010 Name NC These are no connection pins. www.MonolithicPower.com MPS Proprietary Information. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited. © 2010 MPS. All Rights Reserved. 4 MP2040 –FAST TRANSIENT RESPONSE, 3A VERY LOW DROPOUT LINEAR REGULATOR TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS C1=22µF, C2=0.1µF, C3=1.0µF, C4=4.7µF, C6=22nF, VB=5V, TA=25ºC, unless otherwise noted Voltage Dropout Line Regulation Load Regulation VOUT=1.2V 120 100 80 60 40 IIN=1.0A 1.206 1.202 IIN=0.6A 1.198 1.194 20 0 0.0 0.8 1.6 2.4 3.2 1.190 4.0 1.5 1.9 2.3 2.7 3.1 VIN=1.8V 1.206 1.202 VIN=1.5V 1.198 1.194 1.190 0.0 3.5 PSRR vs. Frequency Line Regulation VIN=1.5V,VOUT=1.2V 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 1.8 2.4 3.0 1.820 OUTPUT VOLTAGE ( V ) OUTPUT VOLTAGE ( V ) 70 1.2 Load Regulation 1.820 80 0.6 LOAD CURRENT ( A ) INPUT VOLTAGE ( V ) LOAD CURRE NT ( A ) PSRR ( dB ) OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) 140 OUTPUT VOLTAGE ( V ) 0 VOLTAGE DROPPED (mV ) 1.210 1.210 160 1.814 IIN=1.0A 1.808 1.802 IIN=0.6A 1.796 1.816 1.812 VIN=2.5V 1.808 1.804 VIN=1.8V -10 -20 0.1 1 10 100 1.790 2.0 1000 10000 2.3 2.6 2.9 3.2 1.800 0.0 3.5 FRE QUE NCY (kHz ) MP2040DU Case Temperature vs. PD 0.6 1.2 1.8 2.4 3.0 LOAD CURRE NT ( A ) INPUT VOLTAGE ( V ) Line Regulation Load Regulation VB=5V,VOUT=1.2V 2.53 60 50 40 30 20 0.5 . MP2040 Rev.1.0 9/21/2010 1.0 1.5 2.0 PD (W) 2.5 3.0 2.55 2.52 OUTPUT VOLTAGE ( V ) 70 OUTPUT VOLTAGE ( V ) CASE TEMPERATURE ( OC ) 80 IIN=1.0A 2.51 IIN=0.6A 2.50 2.49 2.48 2.5 VIN=3.5V 2.53 2.51 VIN=2.8V 2.49 VIN=3.3V 2.47 2.45 2.8 3.1 3.4 3.7 INPUT VOLTAGE ( V ) 4.0 0.0 0.6 1.2 1.8 2.4 3.0 LOAD CURRE NT ( A ) www.MonolithicPower.com MPS Proprietary Information. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited. © 2010 MPS. All Rights Reserved. 5 MP2040 –FAST TRANSIENT RESPONSE, 3A VERY LOW DROPOUT LINEAR REGULATOR TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS (continued) C1=22µF, C2=0.1µF, C3=1.0µF, C4=4.7µF, C6=22nF, VB=5V, TA=25ºC, unless otherwise noted 40 VO=1.2V, IO=1A VIN=1.5V, VB=3.6V 0.514 VIN=1.5V, VO=1.5V, IO=1mA 1.23 0.512 1.22 0.51 1.21 VBF VOLTAGE (V) VDROPOUT(mV) 37 34 31 VOUT vs. Temperature VBF vs. Temperature VOUT(V) VDROPOUT vs. Temperature 0.508 28 1.19 0.506 25 -45 -25 -5 15 35 55 75 95 0.504 -40 Load Transient VIN=1.9V, VO=1.2V, IO=0 to 3A VO 20mV/div. IO 2A/div. -10 20 50 80 110 1.18 -45 -25 15 35 Enable Turn Off VIN=1.6V, VO=1.2V, VEN=0V to 3V, IO=3A VIN=1.6V, VO=1.2V, VEN=3V to 0V, IO=3A VPG 5V/div. VEN 2V/div. VEN 2V/div. VO 1V/div. VO 1V/div. IO 5A/div. IO 5A/div. Short Circuit Recovery 55 75 95 Thermal Protection VIN=2.1V, VO=1.2V VIN=2.1V, VO=1.2V -5 Enable Turn ON VPG 5V/div. Short Circuit VO 2V/div. 1.20 VIN=3.8V, VO=2.5V, IO=3.6A VIN 2V/div. VPG 5V/div. VO 2V/div. VO 2V/div. IO 5A/div. IO 2A/div. IO 5A/div. 1ms MP2040 Rev.1.0 9/21/2010 www.MonolithicPower.com MPS Proprietary Information. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited. © 2010 MPS. All Rights Reserved. 20ms 6 MP2040 –FAST TRANSIENT RESPONSE, 3A VERY LOW DROPOUT LINEAR REGULATOR TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS (CONTINUED) C1=22µF, C2=0.1µF, C3=1.0µF, C4=4.7µF, C6=22nF, VB=5V, TA=25ºC, unless otherwise noted Power Ramp Up Power Ramp Down VIN=1.5V, VO=1.2V, IO=3A with Resistor load VIN=1.5V, VO=1.2V, IO=3A with Resistor load VIN 1V/div. VPG 5V/div. VIN 1V/div. VB 5V/div. VO 1V/div. VO 1V/div. IO 2A/div. IO 2A/div. 4ms MP2040 Rev.1.0 9/21/2010 Line Transient VIN=1.5V to 4.5V, VO=1.2V, IO=0.4A VIN 2V/div. VO 20mV/div. 4ms www.MonolithicPower.com MPS Proprietary Information. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited. © 2010 MPS. All Rights Reserved. 4ms 7 MP2040 –FAST TRANSIENT RESPONSE, 3A VERY LOW DROPOUT LINEAR REGULATOR BLOCK DIAGRAM BYPASS -TURNS OFF THE GATE SOFT START EN + REFERENCE + BIAS VIN GATE 0.5V -GND VOUT PGOOD FB + O -0.45V Figure 1—Block Diagram of Low Dropout Regulator OPERATION MP2040 Theory of Operation The MP2040 linear dropout regulator provides adjustable output voltages from 0.9V to 3.3V at currents up to 3A. This LDO is protected against short circuits, and it has thermal shut down protection with 15oC hystheresis. Utilizing Two Power Supplies In order to maximize the efficiency MP2040 uses two power supplies. One power supply is connected to the BIAS pin and it is used to power up the internal circuitries including band gap reference and the rest of control circuitries. The other power supply is connected to the VIN pins which are the drain of pass device. This power supply can be set close to output voltage of LDO. The output pins are the source of the pass device. The smaller voltage drop across the pass device translates to the smaller power loss in pass device. Thus, the part operates with higher efficiency. MP2040 Rev.1.0 9/21/2010 Internal Current Limit The MP2040 has an internal current limit set at almost 3.8A. Internal current limit is very well controlled over process variations and ambient temperature. Enable The enable (EN) pin is active high. The enable pin has a built-in hystheresis. If this pin is held below 0.8V then part shuts down and draws less than 1uA from VBIAS supply. If not used then connect this pin to VBIAS. Under Voltage Lockout The Bias voltage is monitored by a circuit that prevents the LDO start up when the bias voltage is below 2.35V. This circuitry has an approximate hystheresis of 90mV. www.MonolithicPower.com MPS Proprietary Information. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited. © 2010 MPS. All Rights Reserved. 8 MP2040 –FAST TRANSIENT RESPONSE, 3A VERY LOW DROPOUT LINEAR REGULATOR Soft Start MP2040 incorporates internal soft start function. This internal function reduces the start up current surge into the output capacitor. This allows the gradual built up of output voltage to its final set value. The internal soft start cap is held to ground if there is a fault condition. The fault conditions are UVLO, Thermal shut down, and disable. The internal soft start time is almost 280µ Power Good The Power Good pin is an open drain output and can be connected to Bias voltage via a pull up resistor. Open drain transistor turns off and PG pin voltage value becomes VBIAS when VFB exceeds 450mV. Also PG pin can sink at least 230µA while being low. Setting the Output Voltage The MP2040 has an adjustable output voltage, set by using a resistive voltage divider from the output voltage to FB pin. The voltage divider divides the output voltage down to the feedback voltage by the ratio: VFB = VOUT x R2/ (R1+R2) Power Dissipation Most of the power dissipation is due to power dissipation in PASS device. For example, assume VBIAS=5.0V, VIN=2.0V, VOUT=1.8V, and IOUT=3A: PD (PASS) = (VIN-VOUT) x IOUT PD (PASS) = (2.0V-1.8V) x 3A=0.6W PBIAS = VBIAS x IGND= 5V x (220µA) = 1.25mW. This is negligible compared to PD (PASS) =0.6W For QFN 3X3 θJA is 50oC/W. 0.6W power is dissipated when 3A output current goes through PASS device with VIN=2.0V, and VOUT=1.8V. This gives a rise in die temperature for 0.6 x 50oC/W=30oCThis is a safe operating point assuming a junction temperature of 135oC at an 85oC ambient temperature. A heat sink needs to be utilized for a better temperature performance. Where VFB is the feedback threshold voltage (VFB=0.5V), and VOUT is the output voltage. R1 connects between VOUT and VFB, and R2 connects between VFB and ground. Thus the output voltage is: VOUT = 0.5 x (R1+R2)/R2 R2 can be as high as 100kΩ, but a typical value is 10kΩ. Using that value, R1 is determined by: R1=R2 x (VOUT-VFB)/VFB For example, for a 1.8V output voltage, R2 is 10kΩ, and R1 is 26kΩ. You can select 26kΩ (1%) resistor for R1. MP2040 Rev.1.0 9/21/2010 www.MonolithicPower.com MPS Proprietary Information. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited. © 2010 MPS. All Rights Reserved. 9 MP2040 –FAST TRANSIENT RESPONSE, 3A VERY LOW DROPOUT LINEAR REGULATOR APPLICATION INFORMATION PG The power good pin is an open drain output a pull up resistor (100kΩ recommended). The pull up resistor can be tied to a supply within the voltage range of the pin (0 to 5.5V). For example, the pull up resistor can be tied to the input voltage that is monitored by an IC powered from this input voltage. If the output voltage is 10% below its regulation point, the PG pin becomes low. Bypass Capacitors For lower noise, the reference voltage can be bypassed by an external capacitor. A low ESR capacitor, such as the ceramic type, will provide the best performance. It also can function as an external soft start, the soft start time; Tss=1000 x CBP MP2040 Rev.1.0 9/21/2010 Performance Transient Response For a 3A transient response, suggests increasing the input capacitance should be increased to 22µF or higher to get better performance. This will also avoid glitches on the PG pin due to excessive undershoot. Also increase the input voltage 0.4V above the VOUT, to improve the load transient response. Maximum Output Voltage and Load Current If the VOUT is set to 3.3V then the maximum output current will be decreased to 2.5A. The maximum bias voltage limits the VOUT. VOUT must be at least 2.5V less than VB; VOUT=VB -2.5V Bias Input Voltage The bias input is designed for low drop application. The bias pin must be at least 3.3V, and at least 2.5V higher than the output voltage. If the VIN supply voltage meets these requirements, the bias pin can be tied to VIN. www.MonolithicPower.com MPS Proprietary Information. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited. © 2010 MPS. All Rights Reserved. 10 MP2040 –FAST TRANSIENT RESPONSE, 3A VERY LOW DROPOUT LINEAR REGULATOR PACKAGE INFORMATION QFN10 (3mm x 3mm) 2.90 3.10 0.30 0.50 PIN 1 ID MARKING 0.18 0.30 2.90 3.10 PIN 1 ID INDEX AREA 1.45 1.75 PIN 1 ID SEE DETAIL A 10 1 2.25 2.55 0.50 BSC 5 6 TOP VIEW BOTTOM VIEW PIN 1 ID OPTION A R0.20 TYP. PIN 1 ID OPTION B R0.20 TYP. 0.80 1.00 0.20 REF 0.00 0.05 SIDE VIEW DETAIL A NOTE: 2.90 0.70 1) ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETERS. 2) EXPOSED PADDLE SIZE DOES NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH. 3) LEAD COPLANARITY SHALL BE 0.10 MILLIMETER MAX. 4) DRAWING CONFORMS TO JEDEC MO-229, VARIATION VEED-5. 5) DRAWING IS NOT TO SCALE. 1.70 0.25 2.50 0.50 RECOMMENDED LAND PATTERN MP2040 Rev.1.0 9/21/2010 www.MonolithicPower.com MPS Proprietary Information. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited. © 2010 MPS. All Rights Reserved. 11 MP2040 –FAST TRANSIENT RESPONSE, 3A VERY LOW DROPOUT LINEAR REGULATOR QFN32 (5mm x 5mm) NOTICE: The information in this document is subject to change without notice. Please contact MPS for current specifications. Users should warrant and guarantee that third party Intellectual Property rights are not infringed upon when integrating MPS products into any application. MPS will not assume any legal responsibility for any said applications. MP2040 Rev.1.0 9/21/2010 www.MonolithicPower.com MPS Proprietary Information. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited. © 2010 MPS. All Rights Reserved. 12