LM2936-5.0 Ultra-Low Quiescent Current 5V Regulator General Description Features The LM2936 ultra-low quiescent current regulator features low dropout voltage and low current in the standby mode. With less than 15 µA quiescent current at a 100 µA load, the LM2936 is ideally suited for automotive and other battery operated systems. The LM2936 retains all of the features that are common to low dropout regulators including a low dropout PNP pass device, short circuit protection, reverse battery protection, and thermal shutdown. The LM2936 has a 40V maximum operating voltage limit, a −40˚C to +125˚C operating temperature range, and ± 3% output voltage tolerance over the entire output current, input voltage, and temperature range. The LM2936 is available in a TO-92 package, a SO-8 surface mount package, and a TO-252 surface mount power package. n n n n n n n n n Ultra low quiescent current (IQ ≤ 15 µA for IO ≤ 100 µA) Fixed 5V, 50 mA output Output tolerance ± 3% over line, load, and temperature Dropout voltage typically 200 mV @ IO = 50 mA Reverse battery protection −50V reverse transient protection Internal short circuit current limit Internal thermal shutdown protection 40V operating voltage limit Typical Application DS009759-1 * Required if regulator is located more than 2" from power supply filter capacitor. ** Required for stability. Must be rated for 10 µF minimum over intended operating temperature range. Effective series resistance (ESR) is critical, see curve. Locate capacitor as close as possible to the regulator output and ground pins. Capacitance may be increased without bound. Connection Diagrams SOT-223 TO-252 DS009759-26 DS009759-25 Top View Order Number LM2936DT-5.0 See NS Package Number TD03B © 2000 National Semiconductor Corporation DS009759 Top View Order Number LM2936MP-5.0 See NS Package Number MA04A www.national.com LM2936-5.0 Ultra-Low Quiescent Current 5V Regulator February 2000 LM2936-5.0 Connection Diagrams (Continued) 8-Pin SO (M) DS009759-6 Top View Order Number LM2936M-5.0 See NS Package Number M08A TO-92 DS009759-2 Bottom View Order Number LM2936Z-5.0 See NS Package Number Z03A www.national.com 2 Operating Ratings If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required, please contact the National Semiconductor Sales Office/ Distributors for availability and specifications. Operating Temperature Range Maximum Input Voltage (Operational) Input Voltage (Survival) ESD Susceptibility (Note 2) Power Dissipation (Note 3) Junction Temperature (TJmax) Storage Temperature Range Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10 sec.) TO-92 (Z03A) θJA SO-8 (M08A) θJA SO-8 (M08A) θJC TO-252 (TD03B) θJA TO-252 (TD03B) θJC SOT-223 (MA04A) θJA SOT-223 (MA04A) θJC +60V, −50V 2000V Internally limited 150˚C −65˚C to +150˚C 260˚C −40˚C to +125˚C 40V 195˚C/W 140˚C/W 45˚C/W 136˚C/W 6˚C/W 149˚C/W 36˚C/W Electrical Characteristics VIN = 14V, IO = 10 mA, TJ = 25˚C, unless otherwise specified. Boldface limits apply over entire operating temperature range Typical Parameter Conditions (Note 4) Tested Limit Units (Note 5) Output Voltage 5.5V ≤ VIN ≤ 26V, IO ≤ 50 mA (Note 6) Quiescent Current 4.85 Vmin 5.15 Vmax 5 IO = 100 µA, 8V ≤ VIN ≤ 24V IO = 10 mA, 8V ≤ VIN ≤ 24V IO = 50 mA, 8V ≤ VIN ≤ 24V V 9 15 µAmax 0.20 0.50 mAmax 1.5 2.5 mAmax 9V ≤ VIN ≤ 16V 5 10 mVmax 6V ≤ VIN ≤ 40V, IO = 1 mA 10 30 Load Regulation 100 µA ≤ IO ≤ 5 mA 10 30 10 30 Dropout Voltage 5 mA ≤ IO ≤ 50 mA IO = 100 µA 0.05 0.10 Vmax 0.20 0.40 Vmax Short Circuit Current IO = 50 mA VO = 0V Line Regulation 120 mVmax 65 mAmin 250 mAmax Output Impedance IO = 30 mAdc and 10 mArms, f = 1000 Hz 450 Output Noise Voltage 10 Hz–100 kHz 500 µVrms 20 mV/1000 Hr Long Term Stability Ripple Rejection Reverse Polarity Vripple = 1 Vrms, fripple = 120 Hz RL = 500Ω, VO ≥ −0.3V 60 RL = 500Ω, T = 1 ms VIN = −15V, RL = 500Ω mΩ 40 dBmin −15 Vmin −80 −50 Vmin −0.1 −600 µAmax 60 Vmin DC Input Voltage Reverse Polarity Transient Input Voltage Output Leakage with Reverse Polarity Input Maximum Line Transient RL = 500Ω, VO ≤ 5.5V, T = 40 ms Note 1: Absolute Maximum Ratings indicate limits beyond which damage to the device may occur. DC and AC electrical specifications do not apply when operating the device beyond its specified operating ratings. Note 2: Human body model, 100 pF discharge through a 1.5 kΩ resistor. Note 3: The maximum power dissipation is a function of TJmax, θJA, and TA. The maximum allowable power dissipation at any ambient temperature is PD = (TJmax − TA)/θJA. If this dissipation is exceeded, the die temperature will rise above 150˚C and the LM2936 will go into thermal shutdown. Note 4: Typicals are at 25˚C (unless otherwise specified) and represent the most likely parametric norm. Note 5: Tested limits are guaranteed to National’s AOQL (Average Outgoing Quality Level) and 100% tested. Note 6: To ensure constant junction temperature, pulse testing is used. 3 www.national.com LM2936-5.0 Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1) LM2936-5.0 Typical Performance Characteristics Maximum Power Dissipation (TO-92) Dropout Voltage Dropout Voltage DS009759-9 DS009759-8 DS009759-7 Quiescent Current Quiescent Current DS009759-10 Quiescent Current Quiescent Current Peak Output Current DS009759-12 DS009759-11 Output Capacitor ESR DS009759-14 DS009759-13 Peak Output Current DS009759-16 www.national.com Quiescent Current Current Limit DS009759-17 4 DS009759-15 DS009759-18 (Continued) Output at Voltage Extremes Line Transient Response LM2936-5.0 Typical Performance Characteristics Ripple Rejection DS009759-19 DS009759-21 DS009759-20 Load Transient Response Low Voltage Behavior Output Impedance DS009759-23 DS009759-22 DS009759-24 Applications Information Unlike other PNP low dropout regulators, the LM2936 remains fully operational to 40V. Owing to power dissipation characteristics of the available packages, full output current cannot be guaranteed for all combinations of ambient temperature and input voltage. As an example, consider an LM2936Z operating at 25˚C ambient. Using the formula for maximum allowable power dissipation given in (Note 3) , we find that PDmax = 641 mW at 25˚C. Including the small contribution of the quiescent current to total power dissipation the maximum input voltage (while still delivering 50 mA output current) is 17.3V. The LM2936Z will go into thermal shutdown if it attempts to deliver full output current with an input voltage of more than 17.3V. Similarly, at 40V input and 25˚C ambient the LM2936Z can deliver 18 mA maximum. Under conditions of higher ambient temperatures, the voltage and current calculated in the previous examples will drop. For instance, at the maximum ambient of 125˚C the LM2936Z can only dissipate 128 mW, limiting the input voltage to 7.34V for a 50 mA load, or 3.5 mA output current for a 40V input. The junction to ambient thermal resistance θJA rating has two distinct components: the junction to case thermal resistance rating θJC; and the case to ambient thermal resistance rating θCA. The relationship is defined as: θJA = θJC + θCA. For the SO-8 and TO-252 surface mount packages the θJA rating can be improved by using the copper mounting pads on the printed circuit board as a thermal conductive path to extract heat from the package. On the SO-8 package the four ground pins are thermally connected to the backside of the die. Adding approximately 0.04 square inches of 2 oz. copper pad area to these four pins will improve the θJA rating to approximately 110˚C/W. If this extra pad are is placed directly beneath the package there should not be any impact on board density. On the TO-252 package the ground tab is thermally connected to the backside of the die. Adding 1 square inch of 2 oz. copper pad area directly under the ground tab will improve the θJA rating to approximately 50˚C/W. While the LM2936 has an internally set thermal shutdown point of typically 150˚C, this is intended as a safety feature only. Continuous operation near the thermal shutdown temperature should be avoided as it may have a negative affect on the life of the device. While the LM2936 maintains regulation to 60V, it will not withstand a short circuit above 40V because of safe operating area limitations in the internal PNP pass device. Above 60V the LM2936 will break down with catastrophic effects on the regulator and possibly the load as well. Do not use this device in a design where the input operating voltage may exceed 40V, or where transients are likely to exceed 60V. 5 www.national.com DS009759-5 LM2936-5.0 Equivalent Schematic Diagram www.national.com 6 LM2936-5.0 Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted 8-Lead Small Outline Molded Package (M) NS Package Number M08A TO-252 Package (DT) NS Package Number TD03B 7 www.national.com LM2936-5.0 Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted (Continued) 3-Lead TO-92 Plastic Package (Z) NS Package Number Z03A SOT-223 Package (MP) NS Package Number MA04A www.national.com 8 LM2936-5.0 Ultra-Low Quiescent Current 5V Regulator Notes LIFE SUPPORT POLICY NATIONAL’S PRODUCTS ARE NOT AUTHORIZED FOR USE AS CRITICAL COMPONENTS IN LIFE SUPPORT DEVICES OR SYSTEMS WITHOUT THE EXPRESS WRITTEN APPROVAL OF THE PRESIDENT AND GENERAL COUNSEL OF NATIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION. As used herein: 1. Life support devices or systems are devices or systems which, (a) are intended for surgical implant into the body, or (b) support or sustain life, and whose failure to perform when properly used in accordance with instructions for use provided in the labeling, can be reasonably expected to result in a significant injury to the user. National Semiconductor Corporation Americas Tel: 1-800-272-9959 Fax: 1-800-737-7018 Email: [email protected] www.national.com National Semiconductor Europe Fax: +49 (0) 180-530 85 86 Email: [email protected] Deutsch Tel: +49 (0) 69 9508 6208 English Tel: +44 (0) 870 24 0 2171 Français Tel: +33 (0) 1 41 91 8790 2. A critical component is any component of a life support device or system whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to cause the failure of the life support device or system, or to affect its safety or effectiveness. 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