LM2512A
Mobile Pixel Link (MPL-1), 24-Bit RGB Display Interface
Serializer with Optional Dithering and Look Up Table
General Description
Features
The LM2512A is a MPL Serializer (SER) that performs a 24bit to 18-bit Dither operation and serialization of the video
signals to Mobile Pixel link (MPL) levels on only 3 or 4 active
signals. An optional Look Up Table (Three X 256 X 8 bit RAM)
is also provided for independent color correction. 18-bit
Bufferless or partial buffer displays from QVGA (320 x 240)
up to VGA (640 x 480) pixels can utilize a 24-bit video source.
The interconnect is reduced from 28 signals to only 3 or 4
active signals with the LM2512A and companion deserializer
easing flex interconnect design, size constraints and cost.
The LM2512A SER resides by the application, graphics or
baseband processor and translates the wide parallel video
bus from LVCMOS levels to serial Mobile Pixel Link levels for
transmission over a flex cable (or coax) and PCB traces to the
DES located near or in the display module.
When in Power_Down, the SER is put to sleep and draws less
than 10μA. The link can also be powered down by stopping
the PCLK (DES dependant) or by the PD* input pins.
The LM2512A provides enhanced AC performance over the
LM2512. It implements the physical layer of the MPL-1 and
uses a single-ended current-mode transmission.
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24-bit RGB Interface support up to 640 x 480 VGA format
Optional 24 to 18-bit Dithering
Optional Look Up Table for independent color correction
MPL-1 Physical Layer
SPI Interface for Look Up Table control and loading
Low Power Consumption & Powerdown state
Level translation between host and display
Optional Auto Power Down on STOP PCLK
Frame Sequence bits auto resync upon data or clock error
1.6V to 2.0V core / analog supply voltage
1.6V to 3.0V I/O supply voltage range
System Benefits
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Dithered Data Reduction
Independent RGB Color Correction
24-bit Color Input
Small Interface, Low Power and Low EMI
Intrinsic Level Translation
Typical 3 MD Lane Application Diagram - Bridge Chip
30015301
Ordering Information
NSID
Package Type, Qty Size
LM2512ASM
49L UFBGA, 4.0 X 4.0 X 1 mm, 0.5 mm pitch, Reel of 1000
LM2512ASMX
Package ID
SLH49A
49L UFBGA, 4.0 X 4.0 X 1 mm, 0.5 mm pitch, Reel of 4500
SLH49A
LM2512ASN
40L LLP, 6.0 X 6.0 X 0.4 mm, 0.5 mm pitch, Reel of 1000
SNA40A
LM2512ASNX
40L LLP, 6.0 X 6.0 X 0.4 mm, 0.5 mm pitch, Reel of 4500
SNA40A
© 2007 National Semiconductor Corporation
300153
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LM2512A Mobile Pixel Link (MPL-1), 24-Bit RGB Display Interface Serializer with Optional
Dithering and Look Up Table
September 2007
LM2512A
Pin Descriptions
No.
of Pins
I/O, Type
MD[2:0]
3
O, MPL
MPL Data Line Driver
MC
1
O, MPL
MPL Clock Line Driver
Pin Name
Description
RGB Serializer
MPL SERIAL BUS PINS
SPI INTERFACE and CONFIGURATION PINS
SPI_CSX
1
I,
LVCMOS
SPI_Chip Select Input
SPI port is enabled when: SPI_CSX is Low, PD* is High, and PCLK is static.
SPI_SCL
1
I,
LVCMOS
SPI_Clock Input
SPI_SDA/HS
1
IO,
LVCMOS
Multi-function Pin:
If SPI_CSX is Low, this is the SPI_SDA IO signal. Default is Input. Pin will be an
output for a SPI Read transaction.
See HS description below also.
PD*
1
I,
LVCMOS
Power Down Mode Input
SER is in sleep mode when PD* = Low, SER is enabled when PD* = High
In PD*=L - Sleep mode: SPI interface is OFF, Register settings are RESET, and
LUT data is retained.
RES1
1
I,
LVCMOS
Reserved 1 - Tie High (VDDIO) only available on SLH49A package
TM
1
I,
LVCMOS
Test Mode
L = Normal Mode, tie to GND
H = Test Mode (Reserved)
NC
1
NA
PCLK
1
I,
LVCMOS
Pixel Clock Input
Video Signals are latched on the RISING edge.
R[7:0]
G[7:0]
B[7:0]
24
I,
LVCMOS
RGB Data Bus Inputs – Bit 7 is the MSB.
VS
1
I,
LVCMOS
Vertical Sync. Input
This signal is used as a frame start for the Dither block and is required. The
VS signal is serialized unmodified.
SPI_SDA/HS
1
IO,
LVCMOS
Multi-function Pin:
Horizontal Sync. Input (when SPI_CSX = High)
See SPI_SDA description above also.
DE
1
I,
LVCMOS
Data Enable Input
VDDA
1
Power
Power Supply Pin for the PLL (SER) and MPL Interface.
1.6V to 2.0V
VDD
1
Power
Power Supply Pin for the digital core.
1.6V to 2.0V
VDDIO
3
Power
Power Supply Pin for the parallel interface I/Os.
1.6V to 3.0V
VSSA
1
Ground
Ground Pin for PLL (SER) and MPL interface
VSS
1
Ground
Ground Pin for digital core. For SN40A package, this is the large center pad.
VSSIO
4
Ground
Ground Pin for the parallel interface I/Os. For SNA40A package, this is the large
center pad.
Not Connected - Leave Open; only on SLH49A package
VIDEO INTERFACE PINS
POWER/GROUND PINS
Note:
I = Input, O = Output, IO = Input/Output. Do not float input pins.
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2
If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required,
please contact the National Semiconductor Sales Office/
Distributors for availability and specifications.
Supply Voltage (VDDA)
Supply Voltage (VDD)
Supply Voltage (VDDIO)
LVCMOS Input/Output Voltage
MPL Output Voltage
Junction Temperature
Storage Temperature
−0.3V to +2.2V
−0.3V to +2.2V
−0.3V to +3.3V
−0.3V to (VDDIO
+0.3V)
−0.3V to VDDA
+150°C
−65°C to +150°C
ESD Ratings:
HBM - JESD22−A114C std.
Recommended Operating
Conditions
Min Typ Max
≥±2 kV
≥±200V
≥±500V
MM - JESD22−A115−A std.
CDM - JESD22−C101−C std.
Units
Supply Voltage
VDDA to VSSA and
VDD to VSS
VDDIO to VSSIO
1.6
2.0
V
1.6
3.0
V
PClock Frequency (4X)
PClock Frequency (6X)
MC Frequency
Ambient Temperature
7.5
5
30
−30
22.5
15
90
85
MHz
MHz
MHz
°C
1.8
25
Electrical Characteristics
Over recommended operating supply and temperature ranges unless otherwise specified. (Notes 2, 3)
Symbol
Parameter
Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Units
3.947IB
5.0 IB
6.842IB
µA
MPL
IOLL
Logic Low Current (5X IB)
IOMS
Mid Scale Current
IOLH
Logic High Current (1X IB)
IB
Current Bias
IOFF
MPL Leakage Current
3.0 IB
0.711 IB
1.0 IB
µA
1.368 IB
190
VMPL = 0V
−2
µA
µA
+2
µA
LVCMOS (1.6V to 3.0V Operation)
VIH
Input Voltage High Level
0.7 VDDIO
VDDIO
V
VIL
Input Voltage Low Level
GND
0.3 VDDIO
V
VHY
Input Hysteresis
IIN
Input Current
VOH
Output Voltage High Level
VOL
Output Voltage Low Level
100
−1
SPI_SDA
IOH = −1 mA
IOL = 1 mA
0
mV
+1
µA
0.7 VDDIO
VDDIO
V
VSSIO
0.2 VDDIO
V
0.02
0.07
mA
5.4
9.0
mA
SUPPLY CURRENT
IDD
Total Supply Current Enabled
(Note 4)
Supply Current -Enabled
IDDZ
Supply Current—Disable
Power Down Modes
Ta = 25°C
MC = 80 MHz,
Checkerboard
Pattern
3 MD Lane
(Note 5)
VDDIO
MC = 60 MHz,
Checkerboard
Pattern
2 MD Lane
VDDIO
MC = 60 MHz,
Pseudo-Random
Pattern
2 MD Lane
VDDIO
PD* = L
VDDIO
<1
2
µA
VDD/VDDA
<1
5
µA
VDDIO
<1
2
µA
VDD/VDDA
<1
5
µA
Stop Clock
VDD/VDDA
0.01
mA
4.1
mA
0.02
mA
3.7
mA
VDD/VDDA
VDD/VDDA
3
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LM2512A
Maximum Package Power Dissipation Capacity at 25°C
SLH49A Package
2.5 W
SNA40A Package
3.2 W
Derate SLH49A Package above
25°C
25 mW/°C
Derate SNA40A Package above
25°C
26 mW/°C
Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1)
LM2512A
Switching Characteristics
Over recommended operating supply and temperature ranges unless otherwise specified. (Note 2)
Symbol
Parameter
Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Units
PARALLEL BUS TIMING
tSET
Set Up Time
tHOLD
Hold Time
SER Inputs
Figure 1
5
ns
5
ns
SERIAL BUS TIMING
tDVBC
Serial Data Valid before Clock SER Data Pulse Width Figure 2,
Edge
(Notes 10, 11)
0.38
UI
tDVAC
Serial Data Valid after Clock
Edge
0.38
UI
POWER UP TIMING
t0
Bias Up Time
t1
MC Pulse Width LOW
t2
MC Pulse Width HIGH
t3
MC Pulse LOW
t4
MC Pulse LOW - SER PLL
Lock Counter
tPZXclk
Enable Time - Clock Start
Figure 9
PCLK to MCOUT
Figure 4
200
PCLK
cycles
200
PCLK
cycles
20
PCLK
cycles
8
PCLK
cycles
600
PCLK
cycles
(Note 6)
MPL POWER OFF TIMING
tPAZ
Disable Time to Power Down (Note 8)
tPXZclk
Disable Time - Clock Stop
15
PCLK to MCOUT
Figure 3
ms
PCLK
cycles
2
SPI INTERFACE
tACC
SPI Data Active
(SDA_device)
tOHR
SPI Data Tri-State
(SDA_device)
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Figure 16
4
0
50
ns
0
50
ns
LM2512A
Recommended Input Timing Requirements (PCLK and SPI)
Over recommended operating supply and temperature ranges unless otherwise specified. (Note 2)
Symbol
Parameter
Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Units
PIXEL CLOCK (PCLK)
fPCLK
Pixel Clock Frequency
PCLKDC
Pixel Clock Duty Cycle
tT
Transition Time
tSTOPpclk
Clock Stop Gap
3 MD Lane, (4X)
7.5
22.5
MHz
2 MD Lane, (6X)
5
15
MHz
70
%
(Notes 7, 11)
(Notes 9, 11)
30
50
2
>2
ns
2
PCLK
cycles
4
SPI INTERFACE
fSCLw
SCL Frequency
fSCLr
ts0
CSX Set Time
ts1
SI Set Time
th1
SI Hold Time
tw1h
SCL Pulse Width High
tw1l
SCL Pulse Width Low
tr
SCL Rise Time
tf
SCL Fall Time
t0H
SI Hold Time
th0
tw2
WRITE
10
MHz
READ
6.67
MHz
Figure 15
Figures 15, 16
60
ns
30
ns
30
ns
WRITE
35
ns
READ
60
ns
WRITE
35
ns
READ
60
Figure 15
ns
5
ns
5
ns
30
ns
CSX Hold Time
65
ns
CSX OFF Time
100
ns
Note 1: “Absolute Maximum Ratings” are those values beyond which the safety of the device cannot be guaranteed. They are not meant to imply that the device
should be operated at these limits. The tables of “Electrical Characteristics” specify conditions for device operation.
Note 2: Typical values are given for VDDIO = 1.8V and VDD = VDDA = 1.8V and TA = 25°C.
Note 3: Current into a device pin is defined as positive. Current out of device pins is defined as negative. Voltages are referenced to Ground unless otherwise
specified.
Note 4: For IDD tests - input signal conditions are: (swing, edge, freq, DE = H, VS = L, HS = L, RGB Checkerboard Pattern: AAAAAA-555555)
Note 5: Total Supply Current Conditions: checkerboard data pattern, 20MHz PCLK (3MDs), TYP VDDIO = VDDA = VDD = 1.8V, MAX VDDIO = 3.0V, MAX VDDA
= VDD = 2.0V.
Note 6: Enable Time is a complete MPL start up comprised of t0 + t1 + t2 + t3 + t4.
Note 7: Maximum transition time is a function of clock rate and should be less than 30% of the clock period to preserve signal quality.
Note 8: Guaranteed functionally by the IDDZ parameter. See also Figure 10.
Note 9: This is the minimum time that the PCLK needs to be held off for in order for the device to be reset. Once PCLK is reapplied, a PLL Lock is required and
start up sequence before video data is serialized.
Note 10: 1 UI is the serial data MD pulse width = 1 / 8xPCLK (3 MD lanes), 1 UI is the serial data MD pulse width = 1 / 12xPCLK (2 MD lanes)
Note 11: This is a functional parameter and is guaranteed by design or characterization.
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LM2512A
Timing Diagrams
30015326
FIGURE 1. Input Timing for RGB Interface
30015316
FIGURE 2. Serial Data Valid
30015329
FIGURE 3. Stop PClock Power Down
30015330
FIGURE 4. Stop PClock Power Up
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LM2512A
30015394
FIGURE 5. SPI Interface
bits, and an optional Look Up Table. The three 256 X 8-bit
RAMs may also be used and is controlled via a 3-wire SPI
interface. The LM2512A is compatible with certain discrete
MPL Deserializers and also Display Drivers with integrated
MPL Deserializers (i.e. FPD95320).
Functional Description
The LM2512A is a Mobile Pixel Link (MPL) Serializer that serializes a 24-bit RGB plus three control signals (VS, HS, and
DE) to two or three MPL MD lines plus the serial clock MC.
Two options are provided: 24-bit RGB data dithering to 18
30015392
FIGURE 6. General LM2512A Block Diagram
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LM2512A
SERIAL BUS TIMING
Data valid is relative to both edges of a RGB transaction as
shown in Figure 8. Data valid is specified as: Data Valid before
Clock, Data Valid after Clock, and Skew between data lines
should be less than 500ps.
BUS OVERVIEW
The LM2512A is a multi-lane MPL Serializer that supports a
24-bit RGB source interface. The MPL physical layer is purpose-built for an extremely low power and low EMI data
transmission while requiring the fewest number of signal
lines. No external line components are required, as termination is provided internal to the MPL receiver. A maximum raw
throughput of 480 Mbps (3-lane raw) is possible with this
chipset. The MPL interface is designed for use with common
50Ω to 100Ω lines using standard materials and connectors.
Lines may be microstrip or stripline construction. Total length
of the interconnect is expected to be less than 20cm.
30015303
FIGURE 8. Dual Link Timing
SERIAL BUS PHASES
There are three bus phases on the MPL serial bus. These are
determined by the state of the MC and MD lines. The MPL
bus phases are shown in Table 1.
The LM2512A supports MPL Level 0 Enhanced Protocol with
a Class 0 PHY.
30015302
FIGURE 7. Three MD Lane MPL Interface
TABLE 1. Link Phases
Name
OFF (O)
LINK-UP (LU)
Active (A)
MC State
MDn State
0
0
0LHL
000L
A
X
Phase Description
Link is Off
Pre-Phase
Post-Phase
A, or LU
LU
Start Up Pulse
O
A or O
Streaming Data
LU
O
Notes on MC/MD Line State:
0 = no current (off)
L = Logic Low—The higher level of current on the MC and MD lines
H = Logic High—The lower level of current on the MC and MD lines
X = Low or High
A = Active Clock
DES samples the current and optimizes it current sources to
match that of the drivers.
The MC is now driven to a logic Low (5I current) for 8 PCLK
cycles (t3).
Next the SER PLL is locked to the PCLK. A hold off counter
of 600 PCLK cycles is used to hold off until the PLL has locked
and is stable (t4). At this point, streaming RGB information is
now sent across the MPL link.
Link-Up is shown in Figure 9. The MC and MDn signals are
current waveforms. Data at the DES output will appear a latency delay later.
SERIAL BUS START UP TIMING
In the Serial Bus OFF phase, SER line drivers for MDs and
MC are turned off such that zero current flows over the MPL
lines. On the SER side, when the PD* input pin is de-asserted
(driven High), or with PD* = High and the PCLK is turned on,
the SER will power up its bias block during t0.
The SER will next drive the MC line to the logic Low (5I current) state for 200 PCLK cycles (t1). The DES devices detects
the current flowing in the MC line, and powers up its analog
circuit blocks (or alternately is controlled by its PD* input pin
- device specific).
The SER then drives the MC line to a logic High (1I current)
for 20 PCLK cycles (t2). On the MC low-to-high transition, the
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LM2512A
30015361
FIGURE 9. MPL Power Up Timing
OFF PHASE
In the OFF phase, MPL transmitters are turned off with zero
current flowing on the MC and MDn lines. Figure 10 shows
the transition of the MPL bus into the OFF phase. If an MPL
line is driven to a logical Low (high current) when the OFF
phase is entered it may temporarily pass through as a logical
High (low current) before reaching the zero line current state.
The link may be powered down by asserting both the SER’s
and DES’s PD* input pins (Low) or by stopping the PCLK
(DES dependant). This causes the devices to immediately put
the link to the OFF Phase and internally enter a low power
state.
RGB VIDEO INTERFACE
The LM2512A is transparent to data format and control signal
timing. Each PCLK, RGB inputs, HS, VS and DE are sampled
on the rising edge of the PCLK. A PCLK by PCLK representation of these signals is duplicated on the opposite device
after being transferred across the MPL Level-0 interface.
The LM2512A can accommodate a wide range of display formats. QVGA to VGA can be supported within the 2MHz to 20
MHz PCLK input range.
The 24-bit RGB (R0-7, G0-7, B0-7) color information is
dithered to 18 bits then serialized, followed by the control bits
VS (VSYNC), HS (HSYNC), DE (Data Enable) and PE (Odd
Parity) and Frame Sequence (F[1:0]) bits.
The default configuration is for 2 MD lanes plus the MC. Via
the SPI Interface, the Serializer can be configured for a 3 MD
Lane configuration.
When transporting color depth below 24-bit, the 24-bit protocol can be used by offsetting the color data. The LSBs of the
RGB are not used and data is offset toward the upper (MSB)
end of the bit fields. Unused inputs should be tied off.
At a maximum PCLK of 20 MHz (3MDs), a 80MHz MC clock
is generated. The data lane rate uses both clock edges, thus
160Mbps (raw) are sent per MD lane.
30015306
FIGURE 10. Bus Power Down Timing
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LM2512A
30015371
FIGURE 11. 24-bit to 18-bit Dithered, 3 MD Lane, RGB Transaction
30015395
FIGURE 12. 24-bit to 18-bit Dithered, 2 MD Lane (Default), RGB Transaction (NOTE MD1 and MD2)
tion is lost for any reason, it searches for the incrementing
pattern. Once found, it resynchronizes the output pixel data
and timing signals. See MPL DES Datasheet for details on
how the specific DES handles the Frame Sequence.
Serial Payload Parity Bit
Odd Parity is calculated on the RGB bits, control (VS, HS, and
DE) bits and F0, F1 bits and then sent from the SER to the
DES via the serial PE bit. This is included for compatibility with
certain MPL Deserializers.
Synchronization Detect and Recovery
If a data error or clock slip error occurs over the MPL link, the
RGB MPL Deserializer can detect this condition and recover
from it. The method chosen is a data transparent method, and
has very little overhead because it does not use a data expansion coding method. For the Dithered 18-bit color transaction, it uses two bits that are already required in the 4 MC
cycle transaction. Total overhead for each pixel is 3/24 or
12.5%.
The LM2512A MPL RGB Serializer simply increments the two
bit field F[1:0] on every pixel (MPL frame) transmitted. Therefore every four MPL frames, the pattern will repeat. It is very
unlikely that this pattern would be found within the payload
data, and if it were found, the probability that it would repeat
for many frames becomes infinitely small. This code is used
by the MPL Deserializer to detect any frame alignment problems and quickly recover.
The RGB MPL Deserializer, upon a normal power up sequence, starts in the proper synchronization. If synchroniza-
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OPTIONAL DITHERING FEATURE
The LM2512A is a 2 or 3-Lane MPL Serializer, 24-bit RGB
input data (8-bits/color channel) is internally dithered to 18bits (6-bits/color channel) using a high-quality stochastic
dithering process. This process has a "blue noise" characteristic that minimizes the visibility of the dither patterns. The
resulting data stream of 18-bit data is then serialized and
transmitted via MPL.
The Dither circuitry requires the VS control signal for
proper operation. This signal is used to generate a internal
signal that marks the start of the (video) frame. The serializer
samples and sends the VS information unmodified.
Dithering parameters are controled by two registers. When
the dithering is bypassed, only RGB[7:2] is serialized and
transmitted for 18-bit input RGB [5:0] (MSB aligned). RGB
[1:0] should not be connected and the unsed input should be
tied low; do not leave input open.
10
Optional -select Lane Scale if not using default
De-Select/Lock the LM2512A SPI interface -Write a 00’h
to REG22 (16’h)
If power is cycled to the device, the LUT SRAMs must be
loaded again.
SPI Interface
The Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) allows control over various aspects of the LM2512A, the Look Up Table operation,
and access to the three 256 x 8-RAM blocks. There are 9
defined registers in the device. Three SPI transactions are
supported, which are: 16-bit WRITE, PAGE WRITE, and a 16bit READ. The SPI interface is disabled when the device is in
the sleep mode (via PCLK Stop or by PD* = L). The SPI interface may be used when PD* = H.
16-bit WRITE
The 16-bit WRITE is shown in 16-bit WRITE – SPI. The SDA
payload consists of a "0" (Write Command), seven address
bits and eight data bits. The CSX signal is driven Low, and
16-bits of SDA (data) are sent to the device. Data is latched
on the rising edge of the SCL. After each 16-bit WRITE, CSX
must return HIGH.
16-bit WRITE – SPI
Bit
B15
B14
B13
B12
B11
B10
B9
B8
B7
B6
B5
B4
B3
B2
B1
B0
SDA
0
A6
A5
A4
A3
A2
A1
A0
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
CSX signal is driven Low, and the host drives the first 8 bits
of the SDA ("1" and seven address bits), the device then
drives the respective 8 bits of the data on the SDA signal.
16-bit READ
The 16-bit READ is shown in 16-bit READ – SPI. The SDA
payload consists of a "1" (Read Command), seven address
bits and eight data bits which are driven from the device. The
16-bit READ – SPI
Bit
B15
B14
B13
B12
B11
B10
B9
B8
B7
B6
B5
B4
B3
B2
B1
B0
SDA
1
A6
A5
A4
A3
A2
A1
A0
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
host drives the SDA signal with a "0" (Write Command), the
seven start address bits and the variable length data bytes.
The Page Write is denoted by the CSX signal staying low
while the data bytes are streamed. Data is latched on the rising edge of the SCL.
PAGE WRITE
The PAGE WRITE is shown in Figure 17. The SDA payload
consists of a "0" (Write Command), seven address bits of the
start address and then the consecutive data bytes. 256 bytes
maximum can be sent. The CSX signal is driven Low, and the
PAGE WRITE
Bit
B15
B14
B13
B12
B11
B10
B9
B8
B7
B6
B5
B4
B3
B2
B1
B0
SDA
0
A6
A5
A4
A3
A2
A1
A0
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
(start address)
D7
D6
D5
D4
(Data Byte 0)
D3
D2
D1
D0
(Data Byte 1)
D7
D6
(Data Byte n, 256 max.)
There are three SPI Interface signals: CSX - SPI Chip Select,
SCL - SPI Clock, and SDA - SPI Data. CSX and SCL are
inputs on the LM2512A. SDA is a bi-directional Data line and
is an input for a WRITE and an output for the READ_DATA
portion of a READ operation. READs are optional and are not
required. Due to the Select/Unlock – De-Select/Lock feature
of the device the SPI interface may be shared with the display
driver. Several connection configurations are possible. A couple examples are shown in Figure 13 and Figure 14.
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LM2512A
3.
4.
OPTIONAL LOOK UP TABLE AND SPI INTERFACE
Three 256 X 8-bit SRAMs provide a Look Up Table for independent color correction. The LUT is disabled by default and
also after a device PD* cycle. The PD* cycle can be entered
via the PD* input pin directly, or by stopping the PCLK. Before
using the LUT, the SRAM must be loaded with its contents. If
power is cycled to the device, the LUT must be loaded again.
To enable the LUT:
1. Select/Unlock the LM2512A SPI Interface - Write FF’h to
REG22 (16’h)
2. Write the LUT contents to the SRAM using Writes or
Page Writes
3. Enable the LUT - Write a 01’h to REG0 (00’h)
4. De-Select/Lock the LM2512A SPI interface -Write 00’h
to REG22 (16’h)
When waking up the LM2512A from the power down mode
(PD*=L), the LUT needs to be enabled if it is desired. Contents
to the SRAM are still held and valid.
1. Select/Unlock the LM2512A SPI Interface - Write FF’h to
REG22 (16’h)
2. Enable the LUT - Write a 01’h to REG0 (00’h)
LM2512A
30015388
FIGURE 13. LM2512A WRITE & READ to 3-signal SPI HOST
30015389
FIGURE 14. LM2512A WRITE only to 4-signal SPI HOST
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12
Name
Addre
ss
Type
Description
Default
Command
0x00
R/W
Bit 0 = LUT Enable
0’b = LUT Disabled, 1’b = LUT Enabled
Bit 4 = Special Register Access
0’b = SRA Locked, 1’b = SRA Unlocked
For access to Registers 0x01, 0x08, 0x09, 0x0A, the Special Register Access
bit must be unlocked. Must write all 8 bits.
00’h
Configuration
(Note 13)
0x01
R/W
Bit 4 = MPL Edge Rate
0’b = normal edge, 1’b = slow edge
All other bits reserved, must be written as 0s.
00’h
Red RAM Address
0x02
R/W
Red Address
00’h
Red RAM Data
0x03
R/W
Red Data
XX’h
Green RAM Address
0x04
R/W
Green Address
00’h
Green RAM Data
0x05
R/W
Green Data
XX’h
Blue RAM Address
0x06
R/W
Blue Address
00’h
Blue RAM Data
0x07
R/W
Blue Data
XX’h
Dither Configuration1
(Note 13)
0x08
R/W
Bit 0 - Dither Bypass
1’b = Bypass Dither, 0’b = Dither ON
Bit 1 - DE INV
1’b = Active Low DE, 0’b = Active High DE
Does not alter DE signal, dither block input only.
Bit 2 - VS INV
1’b = Active Low VS signal, 0’b = Active High VS signal.
Does not alter VS signal, dither block input only.
Bit 3 - Reserved
Bit 4 - Tempen0
1’b = Transposed Dither Pattern,
0’b = Even and odd frames use same dither pattern
Bit 5 - Tempen1
1’b = Temporal Dithering is Enabled, 0’b = Disabled
Bit 6 - Dith3 - Dither Amplitude
1’b = set to 3 bits, 0’b = set to 4 bits
Bit 7 - Reserved
61’h
Dither Configuration2
(Note 13)
0x09
R/W
Dither Parameter
Reserved, Default value recommended.
67’h
Lane Scale
(Notes 13, 15)
0x0A
W
Bit[2:0]
000’b = Reserved
010’b = 2 MD Lanes (Default)
100’b = 3 MD Lanes
all others= Reserved
02’h
Reserved
(Note 14)
0x0B0x15
na
Reserved
Device Select
(Unlock/Lock)
0x16
R/W
Reserved
(Note 14)
0x170x7F
na
0xFF’h enables LM2512A SPI
All other values disables LM2512A SPI (0x00 to 0xFE)
00’h
Reserved
Note 12: If a WRITE is done to a reserved bits, data should be all 0’s. If a READ is done to a reserved location, either 1’s or 0’s may be returned. Mask reserved
data bits.
Note 13: This register must be unlocked fist through bit 4 of register 0.
Note 14: DO NOT write to Reserved Registers.
Note 15: WRITE ONLY Register, read of this register is not supported.
13
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LM2512A
LM2512A SPI Registers
LM2512A
SPI Timing
30015390
FIGURE 15. 16-bit SPI WRITE
30015391
FIGURE 16. 16-bit SPI READ
30015393
FIGURE 17. SPI PAGE WRITE
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14
The MPL Link must be powered up and enabled in a certain
sequence for proper operation of the link and devices. The
following list provides the recommended sequence:
1. Apply Power (See Power Supply Section)
2. PD* Input should be held low until Power is stable and
within specification and PCLK is driven to a static level.
3. PD* is driven HIGH, SPI interface is now available.
4. To program the device via the SPI interface:
— Select / Unlock the LM2512A, Write FF’h to REG 16’h
5.
6.
— LUT registers are now accessible
— If Lane Scale Register needs to be modified, this is
accessed through bit 4 of the Command register.
— A write to REG 16’h on any other value besides FF’h
will de-select / lock the LM2512A’s SPI
— SPI Commands MUST be completed before the
PCLK is active.
Condition the DES as required
Start PCLK, after the DES is calibrated and the SER PLL
Locked, streaming data transmission will occur.
30015385
FIGURE 18. Typical Application Connection Diagram
30015386
FIGURE 19. Power Up Sequence
A typical connection diagram is shown in Figure 18. The
LM2512A SPI is configured to support write only transactions
in this example. The FPD95320 can support both writes and
reads on its SPI interface. Figure 19 shows a typical power
up sequence using the shared SPI interface. Power is brought
up first. The RST_N signal is held low until power to the
FPD95320 (not shown) and the LM2512A is stable and within
specifications. Next the RST_N signal is driven High, which
allows access to the SPI interfaces. The PCLK should also
be turned on and held at a static level (High or Low). The
FPD95320 is selected first via a write to register 16’h (see
FPD95320 datasheet) and the display is initialized. Next a
write of FF’h to register 16’h. This command will Lock the
FPD95320 SPI interface and Select / Unlock the LM2512A
SPI interface. By default, the LM2512A powers up in 2 MD
lanes with the Dither and the LUT disabled. The Look-up Table - LUT is accessible by enabling bit 0 of the command
register 00’h. The Special Register Access - SRA are also
accessible for lane scaling by enabling bit 4 of the command
register 00’h. To enable the LUT and unlock SRA, write of
11’h to register 00’h (See LM2512A SPI Register Table). To
change to 3 MD lanes, write of 04’h to register 0A’h. Next
additional commands are sent to the FPD95320 by issuing a
Unlock command to the FPD95320 register 16’h which also
de-selects / locks the LM2512A SPI. After the SPI commands
are completed, the MPL_PD_N signal is driven High to arm
the Deserializer for the MPL start sequence. The PCLK is
started up, and the SER will calibrate the DES and lock to the
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LM2512A
Power Up Sequence
LM2512A
• LM2512A - 2 MD Lane to FPD95320 Display Driver
• LM2512A - 2 MD Lane to LM2506 DES
• LM2512A - 3 MD Lane - Reserved for future use
Take care in reviewing the MPL signals and serial bit mapping
to ensure proper connection between the devices.
incoming PCLK signal. Once this is completed, video data
transmission occurs and the link is ON.
Application Configurations
Many different application configurations are possible with the
flexible LM2512A Serializer. These include:
30015387
FIGURE 20. Application Configurations
POWER DOWN/OFF CONFIGURATION / OPTIONS AND
CLOCK STOP
The LM2512A (SER) can be controlled by it’s PD* input pin
or via a auto power down mode that monitors the PCLK input
signal.
For PD* Input Power Down control, a GPO signal from the
host is used to enable and disable the LM2512A and the DES.
The LM2512A is enabled when the PD* input is High and disabled when the PD* input is Low.
When using the auto power down mode, the PD* input needs
to be held High. When the PCLK is held static, the SER will
detect this condition and power down. When the PCLK is
restarted, the SER powers up, The DES is calibrated, and the
PLL locks to the incoming clock signal. Once this is complete,
video data transmission can occur. See Figures 3, 4 and Figure 9. The stopping of the pixel clock should be done cleanly.
The minimum clock stop gap should be at least 4 PCLK cycles
wide. Floating of the PCLK input pin is not recommended.
Consult the MPL DES datasheet to determine requirements
that the DES requires.
LM2512A Operation
POWER SUPPLIES
The VDD and VDDA (MPL and PLL) must be connected to the
same potential between 1.6V and 2.0V. VDDIO powers the
logic interface and may be powered between 1.6V and 3.0V
to be compatible with a wide range of host and target devices.
VDD/VDDA should be powered ON at the same time as VDDIO
or before. VDDIO then VDD/VDDA is not recommended.
BYPASS RECOMMENDATIONS
Bypass capacitors should be placed near the power supply
pins of the device. Use high frequency ceramic (surface
mount recommended) 0.1 µF capacitors. A 2.2 to 4.7 µF Tantalum capacitor is recommended near the SER VDDA pin for
PLL bypass. Connect bypass capacitors with wide traces and
use dual or larger via to reduce resistance and inductance of
the feeds. Utilizing a thin spacing between power and ground
planes will provide good high frequency bypass above the
frequency range where most typical surface mount capacitors
are less effective. To gain the maximum benefit from this, low
inductance feed points are important. Also, adjacent signal
layers can be filled to create additional capacitance. Minimize
loops in the ground returns also for improved signal fidelity
and lowest emissions.
LM2512A vs LM2512
The following list provides the differences between the
LM2512 and the enhanced LM2512A.
• Increased Idata Current
• Enhanced Current Matching
• Enhanced MC Duty Cycle
• 2 MD Lane Default Configuration
• Dither Off Default
• LUT Default State (IDDZ)
• MPL Driver Edge Rate Control Option
UNUSED/OPEN PINS
Unused inputs must be tied to the proper input level—do not
float them.
PHASE-LOCKED LOOP
A PLL is enabled to generate the serial link clock. The Phaselocked loop system generates the serial data clock at 4X or
6X of the input clock depending upon the number of MD Lanes
selected. The MC rate is limited to 80 MHz for this enhanced
Class 0 MPL PHY.
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16
SYSTEM BANDWIDTH CALCULATIONS
For a HVGA (320 X 480) application with the following assumptions: 60 Hz +/−5% refresh rate, 10% blanking,
RGB666, and 2 MD Lanes and following calculations can be
made:
Calculate PCLK - 320 X 480 X 1.1 X 60 X 1.05 = 10.6 MHz
PCLK
Calculate MC rate - since the application is 2 MD lanes, PCLK
X 6 is the MC rate or 63.87 MHz. Also check that this MC rate
does not exceed the MC maximum rate for the chipset.
Calculate MD rate - MPL uses both edges of the MC to send
serialized data, thus data rate is 2X the MC rate, or 127.7
Mbps per MD lane in our example.
Calculate the application throughput - using 2 MD lanes,
throughput is 2 X of the MD rate or 255.5 Mbps of raw band
width.
For a VGA (640 X 480) application with the following assumptions: 55 Hz +/−5% refresh rate, 10% blanking, RGB666, and
3 MD Lanes and following calculations can be made:
Calculate PCLK - 640 X 480 X 1.1 X 55 X 1.05 = 19.5 MHz
PCLK
Calculate MC rate - since the application is 3 MD lanes, PCLK
X 4 is the MC rate or 78.1 MHz. Also check that this MC rate
does not exceed the MC maximum rate for the chipset.
Calculate MD rate - MPL uses both edges of the MC to send
serialized data, thus data rate is 2X the MC rate, or 156 Mbps
per MD lane in our example.
Calculate the application throughput - using 3MD lanes,
throughput is 3X of the MD rate or 468 Mbps of raw band
width.
SYSTEM CONSIDERATIONS
When employing the MPL SER/DES chipset in place of a
parallel video bus, a few system considerations must be taken
into account. Before sending video data to the display, the
SER/DES must be ready to transmit data across the link. The
MPL link must be powered up, and the PLL must be locked
and the DES calibrated.
FLEX CIRCUIT RECOMMENDATIONS
The MPL lines should generally run together to minimize any
trace length differences (skew). For impedance control and
also noise isolation (crosstalk), guard ground traces are recommended in between the signals. Commonly a GroundSignal-Ground (GSGSGSG) layout is used. Locate fast edge
17
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LM2512A
rate and large swing signals further away to also minimize any
coupling (unwanted crosstalk). In a stacked flex interconnect,
crosstalk also needs to be taken into account in the above
and below layers (vertical direction). To minimize any coupling locate MPL traces next to a ground layer. Power rails
also tend to generate less noise than LVCMOS so they are
also good candidates for use as isolation and separation.
The interconnect from the SER to the DES typically acts like
a transmission line. Thus impedance control and ground returns are an important part of system design. Impedance
should be in the 50 to 100 Ohm nominal range for the
LM2512A. Testing has been done with cables ranging from
40 to 110 Ohms without error (BER Testing). To obtain the
impedance, adjacent grounds are typically required ( 1 layer
flex), or a ground shield / layer. Total interconnect length is
intended to be in the 20cm range, however 30cm is possible
at lower data rates. Skew should be less than 500ps to maximize timing margins.
GROUNDING
While the LM2512A employs three separate types of ground
pins, these are intended to be connected together to a common ground plane. The separate ground pins help to isolate
switching currents from different sections of the integrated
circuit (IC). Also required is a nearby signal return (ground)
for the MPL signals. These should be provided next to the
MPL signals, as that will create the smallest current loop area.
The grounds are also useful for noise isolation and
impedance control.
PCB RECOMMENDATIONS
General guidelines for the PCB design:
• Floor plan, locate MPL SER near the connector to limit
chance of cross talk to high speed serial signals.
• Route serial traces together, minimize the number of layer
changes to reduce loading.
• Use ground lines as guards to minimize any noise coupling
(guarantees distance).
• Avoid parallel runs with fast edge, large LVCMOS swings.
• Also use a GSGSG pinout in connectors (Board to Board
or ZIF).
• DES device - follow similar guidelines.
• Bypass the device with MLC surface mount devices and
thinly separated power and ground planes with low
inductance feeds.
• High current returns should have a separate path with a
width proportional to the amount of current carried to
minimize any resulting IR effects.
Application Information
LM2512A
Connection Diagram 49 UFBGA
Package
30015319
TOP VIEW
(not to scale)
RGB SER Pinout
SER
1
2
3
A
B1
SPI_SDA/HS
B
B2
B0
C
PCLK
B3
D
VSSIO
E
B6
F
G0
G1
G4
VDD
G
G2
G3
VSS
VSSIO
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4
5
6
7
RES1
NC
MD2
MD1
MD0
VS
VDDA
MC
TM
PD*
DE
VSSA
SPI_CSX
SPI_SCL
R7
VDDIO
B4
VSSIO
VSSIO
VDDIO
R6
B7
G5
B5
R1
R4
R5
G6
R0
R3
VDDIO
G7
R2
18
LM2512A
Connection Diagram 40 LLP
Package
30015396
TOP VIEW
(not to scale)
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LM2512A
Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted
49L UFBGA, 0.5mm pitch
Order Number LM2512ASM
NS Package Number SLH49A
40L LLP, 0.5mm pitch
Order Number LM2512ASN
NS Package Number SNA40A
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20
LM2512A
Notes
21
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LM2512A Mobile Pixel Link (MPL-1), 24-Bit RGB Display Interface Serializer with Optional
Dithering and Look Up Table
Notes
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