TI UC1625-SP

UC1625-SP
SLUSAG8A – SEPTEMBER 2011 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 2011
www.ti.com
RAD-TOLERANT CLASS V, BRUSHLESS DC MOTOR CONTROLLER
Check for Samples: UC1625-SP
FEATURES
•
1
•
•
•
•
•
(1)
QML-V Qualified, SMD 5962-91689
Rad-Tolerant: 40 kRad (Si) TID (1)
Drives Power MOSFETs or Power Darlingtons
Directly
50-V Open Collector High-Side Drivers
Latched Soft Start
Radiation tolerance is a typical value based upon initial device
qualification with dose rate = 10 mrad/sec. Radiation Lot
Acceptance Testing is available - contact factory for detials.
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
High-speed Current-Sense Amplifier with Ideal
Diode
Pulse-by-Pulse and Average Current Sensing
Over-Voltage and Under-Voltage Protection
Direction Latch for Safe Direction Reversal
Tachometer
Trimmed Reference Sources 30 mA
Programmable Cross-Conduction Protection
Two-Quadrant and Four-Quadrant Operation
DESCRIPTION/ORDERING INFORMATION
The UC1625 motor controller integrates most of the functions required for high-performance brushless dc motor
control into one package. When coupled with external power MOSFETs or Darlingtons, this device performs
fixed-frequency PWM motor control in either voltage or current mode while implementing closed loop speed
control and braking with smart noise rejection, safe direction reversal, and cross-conduction protection.
Although specified for operation from power supplies between 10 V and 18 V, the UC1625 can control higher
voltage power devices with external level-shifting components. The UC1625 contains fast, high-current push-pull
drivers for low-side power devices and 50-V open-collector outputs for high-side power devices or level shifting
circuitry.
The UC1625 is characterized for operation over the military temperature range of –55°C to 125°C.
ORDERING INFORMATION (1)
(1)
(2)
TA
PACKAGE (2)
ORDERABLE PART
NUMBER
TOP-SIDE MARKING
–55°C to 125°C
CDIP – JT
5962-9168902VYA
5962-9168902VYA
UC1625-SP
For the most current package and ordering information, see the Package Option Addendum at the end
of this document, or see the TI website at www.ti.com.
Package drawings, thermal data, and symbolization are available at www.ti.com/packaging.
1
Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of Texas
Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet.
PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date.
Products conform to specifications per the terms of the Texas
Instruments standard warranty. Production processing does not
necessarily include testing of all parameters.
Copyright © 2011, Texas Instruments Incorporated
UC1625-SP
SLUSAG8A – SEPTEMBER 2011 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 2011
www.ti.com
Typical Application
+15 V
+5 V TO HALL
SENSORS
VREF
100 nF
100 nF
20 mF
QUAD
3 kW
ROSC
33 kW
2
2N3904
10 W
19
11
22
DIR
3 kW
1k
17
1
18
UC3625
UC1625
28
4 kW
14
27
13
25
2200 pF
COSC
TO
MOTOR
TO OTHER
CHANNELS
10 W
15
IRF532
20
21
26
3
24
23
8
9
10
4
5
7
68 kW
RT
10 kW
100 nF
5 nF
3 nF
CT
REQUIRED
FOR BRAKE
AND FAST
REVERSE
TO OTHER
CHANNELS
12
BRAKE
2N3906
IRF9350
16
6
100 nF
+
100 mF
3 kW
+
20 mF
10 kW
10 kW
VMOTOR
FROM HALL
SENSORS
100 nF
2 nF
51 kW
5 nF
2 nF
REQUIRED
FOR
AVERAGE
CURRENT
SENSING
240 W
240 W
0.02 W
RS
0.02 W
RD
2 nF
VREF
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS (1)
(2)
over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted)
VALUE
VCC
PWR VCC
UNIT
20
Supply voltage
20
–0.3 to 6
PWM IN
E/A IN(+), E/A IN(–)
–0.3 to 12
ISENSE1, ISENSE2
–1.3 to 6
OV-COAST, DIR, SPEED-IN, SSTART, QUAD SEL
–0.3 to 8
H1, H2, H3
–0.3 to 12
PU Output Voltage
–0.3 to 50
PU
+200 continuous
PD
±200 continuous
E/A
±10
Output current
ISENSE
–10
–50 continuous
VREF
(1)
(2)
2
mA
±10
TACH OUT
TJ
V
Maximum Junction Temperature
150
°C
Currents are positive into and negative out of the specified terminal.
Stresses above these ratings may cause permanent damage. Exposure to absolute maximum conditions for extended periods may
degrade device reliability. These are stress ratings only and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond
those specified is not implied.
Submit Documentation Feedback
Copyright © 2011, Texas Instruments Incorporated
Product Folder Link(s) :UC1625-SP
UC1625-SP
SLUSAG8A – SEPTEMBER 2011 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 2011
www.ti.com
RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS
over operating temperature range (unless otherwise noted)
MIN
VCC
Supply Voltage
PU
Output Current
NOM
10
Operating temperature range
UNIT
18
PD
TA
MAX
-55
V
+85
continuous
mA
±85
continuous
mA
125
°C
Table 1. THERMAL RATINGS TABLE
PACKAGE
RθJA(°C/W)
(Junction-to-ambient thermal resistance)
RθJC(°C/W)
(Junction-to-case thermal resistance)
DIL-28 (JT)
43.1
4.95
Figure 1. CONNECTION DIAGRAM
E/A IN(+)
1
28
E/A IN(-)
VREF
2
27
E/A OUT
ISENSE
3
26
PWM IN
ISENSE1
4
25
RC-OSC
ISENSE2
5
24
SSTART
DIR
6
23
OV-COAST
SPEED-IN
7
22
QUAD SEL
H1
8
21
RC-BRAKE
H2
9
20
TACH-OUT
H3
10
19
VCC
PWR VCC
11
18
PUA
PDC
12
17
PUB
PDB
13
16
PUC
PDA
14
15
GND
Submit Documentation Feedback
Copyright © 2011, Texas Instruments Incorporated
Product Folder Link(s) :UC1625-SP
3
UC1625-SP
SLUSAG8A – SEPTEMBER 2011 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 2011
www.ti.com
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Unless otherwise stated, these specifications apply over the full temperature range, typical values at TA = 25°C; Pwr VCC =
VCC = 12 V; ROSC = 20 kΩ to VREF; COSC = 2 nF; RTACH = 33 kΩ; CTACH = 10 nF; and all outputs unloaded. TA = TJ.
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNIT
mA
Overall
Supply current
14.5
30.0
8.65
8.95
9.55
7.75
8.05
8.55
OV-COAST inhibit threshold
1.65
1.75
1.85
OV-COAST restart threshold
1.535
1.65
1.75
0.05
0.10
0.155
–10
–1
10
0.8
1.0
1.25
1.6
1.9
2.0
–400
–250
–120
0.8
1.4
3.0
V
70
130
mV
V
VCC turn-on threshold
-55°C to 125°C
VCC turn-off threshold
V
Overvoltage/Coast
OV-COAST hysteresis
-55°C to 125°C
OV-COAST input current
V
μA
Logic Inputs
H1, H2, H3 low threshold
H1, H2, H3 high threshold
H1, H2, H3 input current
-55°C to 125°C
-55°C to 125°C, to 0 V
QUAD SEL, dir thresholds
QUAD SEL hysteresis
DIR hysteresis
0.4
0.6
0.9
QUAD SEL input current
-55°C to 125°C
–30
50
150
DIR input current
–30
–1
30
V
μA
μA
PWM Amp/Comparator
E/A IN(+), E/A IN(–) input current
To 2.5 V
–5.0
–0.1
5.0
PWM IN input current
To 2.5 V
0
3
30
Error amp input offset
0 V < VCOMMON-MODE < 3 V
Error amp voltage gain
E/A OUT range
Pullup current
SSTART
70
10
90
0.25
3.50
-55°C
0.25
4.2
To 0 V, 25°C
To 2.5 V
Restart threshold
-16
–10
–17.5
mV
dB
25°C to 125°C
To 0 V , -55°C to 125°C
Discharge current
–10
μA
–5
-5
V
μA
0.1
0.4
3.0
mA
0.1
0.2
0.3
V
1.75
1.95
2.15
V/V
Current Amp
Gain
ISENSE1 = 0.3 V, ISENSE2 = 0.5 V to 0.7 V
Level shift
ISENSE1 = 0.3 V, ISENSE2 = 0.3 V
Peak current threshold
Over current threshold
ISENSE1, ISENSE2 input current
ISENSE1, ISENSE2 offset current
ISENSE1 = 0 V, force ISENSE2
To 0 V
2.4
2.5
2.65
0.14
0.20
0.26
0.26
0.30
0.36
–850
–320
0
-12
±2
12
–1
Range ISENSE1, ISENSE2
2
V
μA
V
Tachometer/Brake
TACH-OUT high level
TACH-OUT low level
-55°C to 125°C, 10 kΩ to 2.5 V
On time
4
4.7
-55°C to 125°C
RC-BRAKE input current
To 0 V
Submit Documentation Feedback
5.3
0.2
170
On time change with temp
5
220
280
V
μs
0.1%
–4.0
–1.9
mA
Copyright © 2011, Texas Instruments Incorporated
Product Folder Link(s) :UC1625-SP
UC1625-SP
SLUSAG8A – SEPTEMBER 2011 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 2011
www.ti.com
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
Unless otherwise stated, these specifications apply over the full temperature range, typical values at TA = 25°C; Pwr VCC =
VCC = 12 V; ROSC = 20 kΩ to VREF; COSC = 2 nF; RTACH = 33 kΩ; CTACH = 10 nF; and all outputs unloaded. TA = TJ.
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
0.8
1.0
1.2
0.09
0.4
220
257
290
mV
–30
–5
30
μA
Voh, –1 mA, down from VCC
1.60
2.50
Voh, –50 mA, down from VCC
1.75
2.45
0.05
0.4
Threshold to brake, RC-brake
Brake hysteresis, RC-brake
SPEED-IN threshold
-55°C to 125°C
SPEED-IN input current
UNIT
V
Low-Side Drivers (1)
Vol, 1 mA
-55°C to 125°C
Vol, 50 mA
Rise/fall time
10% to 90% slew time, into 1 nF
0.36
0.9
50
500
0.1
0.4
1.0
1.8
V
ns
High-Side Drivers
Vol, 1 mA
Vol, 50 mA
-55°C to 125°C
Leakage current
Output voltage = 50 V
Fall time
10% to 90% slew time, 50 mA load
Frequency
-55°C to 125°C
30
50
V
μA
ns
Oscillator
30
80
kHz
Reference
4.85
5.0
5.15
-55°C to 125°C
4.7
5.0
5.3
Load regulation
0 mA to –20 mA load
–40
–5
Line regulation
10 V to 18 V VCC
–10
–1
10
Short circuit current
-55°C to 125°C
20
100
150
Output voltage
Iref = 0 mA, 25°C
V
mV
mA
Miscellaneous
(1)
Output turn-on delay
1
Output turn-off delay
1
μs
Current available from these pins can peak as high as 0.5 A.
Submit Documentation Feedback
Copyright © 2011, Texas Instruments Incorporated
Product Folder Link(s) :UC1625-SP
5
UC1625-SP
SLUSAG8A – SEPTEMBER 2011 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 2011
www.ti.com
Block Diagram
QUAD SEL
22
RC-OSC
25
PWM IN
26
E/A OUT
27
E/A IN(+)
1
E/A IN (–)
28
SSTART
24
ISENSE
3
S
OSC
VCC
19
OV-COAST
23
R
0.2 V
2.5 V
250 Ω
PUB
16
PUC
11
PWR VCC
14
PDA
13
PDB
12
PDC
15
GND
20
TACH-OUT
S
3.1 V
9V
PWM
CLOCK
6
DIRECTION
LATCH
7
0.25 V
+5 V
PWM CLOCK
DIR
8
D
+5 V
Q
H1
Q
H2
COAST
CHOP
QUAD
CROSS
CONDUCTION
PROTECTION
LATCHES
L
9
D
+5 V
H3
17
Q1
Q
1.75 V
H2
PUA
10µA
4
5
H1
18
2.9 V
ISENSE2
SPEED-IN
VREF
R
2X
DIR
2
PWM CLOCK
ABS VALUE
ISENSE1
5V
REFERENCE
Q
DECODER
L
10
D
L
Q
H3
BRAKE
EDGE
DETECT
+5 V
2k
RC-BRAKE
21
ONE
SHOT
1V
6
Submit Documentation Feedback
Copyright © 2011, Texas Instruments Incorporated
Product Folder Link(s) :UC1625-SP
UC1625-SP
SLUSAG8A – SEPTEMBER 2011 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 2011
www.ti.com
DEVICE INFORMATION
Terminal Functions
TERMINAL
NAME
DIR, SPEED-IN
E/A IN(+), E/A IN(–), E/A
OUT, PWM IN
GND
H1, H2, H3
ISENSE1, ISENSE2,
ISENSE
OV-COAST
NO.
DESCRIPTION
6, 7
The position decoder logic translates the Hall signals and the DIR signal to the correct driver
signals (PUs and PDs). To prevent output stage damage, the signal on DIR is first loaded
into a direction latch, then shifted through a two-bit register.
As long as SPEED-IN is less than 250 mV, the direction latch is transparent. When
SPEED-IN is higher than 250 mV, the direction latch inhibits all changes indirection.
SPEED-IN can be connected to TACH-OUT through a filter, so that the direction latch is only
transparent when the motor is spinning slowly, and has too little stored energy to damage
power devices.
Additional circuitry detects when the input and output of the direction latch are different, or
when the input and output of the shift register are different, and inhibits all output drives
during that time. This can be used to allow the motor to coast to a safe speed before
reversing.
The shift register ensures that direction can not be changed instantaneously. The register is
clocked by the PWM oscillator, so the delay between direction changes is always going to be
between one and two oscillator periods. At 40 kHz, this corresponds to a delay of between
25 μs and 50 μs. Regardless of output stage, 25 μs deadtime should be adequate to ensure
no overlap cross-conduction. Toggling DIR causes an output pulse on TACH-OUT
regardless of motor speed.
1, 28, 27, 26
E/A IN(+) and E/A IN(–) are not internally committed to allow for a wide variety of uses. They
can be connected to the ISENSE, to TACH-OUT through a filter, to an external command
voltage, to a D/A converter for computer control, or to another op amp for more elegant
feedback loops. The error amplifier is compensated for unity gain stability, so E/A OUT can
be tied to E/A IN(–) for feedback and major loop compensation.
E/A OUT and PWM In drive the PWM comparator. For voltage-mode PWM systems, PWM In
can be connected to RC-OSC. The PWM comparator clears the PWM latch, commanding
the outputs to chop.
The error amplifier can be biased off by connecting E/A IN(–) to a higher voltage than /EA
IN(+). When biased off, E/A OUT appears to the application as a resistor to ground. E/A OUT
can then be driven by an external amplifier.
15
All thresholds and outputs are referred to the GND pin except for the PD and PU outputs.
8, 9, 10
The three shaft position sensor inputs consist of hysteresis comparators with input pullup
resistors. Logic thresholds meet TTL specifications and can be driven by 5-V CMOS, 12-V
CMOS, NMOS, or open-collectors.
Connect these inputs to motor shaft position sensors that are positioned 120 electrical
degrees apart. If noisy signals are expected, zener clamp and filter these inputs with 6-V
zeners and an RC filter. Suggested filtering components are 1 kΩ and 2 nF. Edge skew in
the filter is not a problem, because sensors normally generate modified gray code with only
one output changing at a time, but rise and fall times must be shorter than 20 μs for correct
tachometer operation. Motors with 60 electrical degree position sensor coding can be used if
one or two of the position sensor signals is inverted.
3, 4, 5
The current sense amplifier has a fixed gain of approximately two. It also has a built-in level
shift of approximately 2.5 V. The signal appearing on ISENSE is:
ISENSE = 2.5 V + (2 × ABS ( ISENSE1 – ISENSE2) )
ISENSE1 and ISENSE2 are interchangeable and can be used as differential inputs. The
differential signal applied can be as high as ±0.5 V before saturation.
If spikes are expected on ISENSE1 or ISENSE2, they are best filtered by a capacitor from
ISENSE to ground. Filtering this way allows fast signal inversions to be correctly processed
by the absolute value circuit. The peak-current comparator allows the PWM to enter a
current-limit mode with current in the windings never exceeding approximately 0.2 V /
RSENSE. The overcurrent comparator provides a fail-safe shutdown in the unlikely case of
current exceeding 0.3 V / RSENSE. Then, softstart is commanded, and all outputs are turned
off until the high current condition is removed. It is often essential to use some filter driving
ISENSE1 and ISENSE2 to reject extreme spikes and to control slew rate. Reasonable
starting values for filter components might be 250-Ω series resistors and a 5-nF capacitor
between ISENSE1 and ISENSE2. Input resistors should be kept small and matched to
maintain gain accuracy.
23
This input can be used as an over-voltage shut-down input, as a coast input, or both. This
input can be driven by TTL, 5-V CMOS, or 12-V CMOS.
Submit Documentation Feedback
Copyright © 2011, Texas Instruments Incorporated
Product Folder Link(s) :UC1625-SP
7
UC1625-SP
SLUSAG8A – SEPTEMBER 2011 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 2011
www.ti.com
Terminal Functions (continued)
TERMINAL
NAME
PDA, PDB, PDC
PUA, PUB, PUC
PWR VCC
QUAD SEL
RC-BRAKE
RC-OSC
8
NO.
DESCRIPTION
12, 13, 14
These outputs can drive the gates of N-channel power MOSFETs directly or they can drive
the bases of power Darlingtons if some form of current limiting is used. They are meant to
drive low-side power devices in high-current output stages. Current available from these pins
can peak as high as 0.5 A. These outputs feature a true totem-pole output stage. Beware of
exceeding device power dissipation limits when using these outputs for high continuous
currents. These outputs pull high to turn a “low-side” device on (active high).
16, 17, 18
These outputs are open-collector, high-voltage drivers that are meant to drive high-side
power devices in high-current output stages. These are active low outputs, meaning that
these outputs pull low to command a high-side device on. These outputs can drive
low-voltage PNP Darlingtons and P-channel MOSFETs directly, and can drive any
high-voltage device using external charge pump techniques, transformer signal coupling,
cascode level-shift transistors, or opto-isolated drive (high-speed opto devices are
recommended). (See applications).
11
This supply pin carries the current sourced by the PD outputs. When connecting PD outputs
directly to the bases of power Darlingtons, the PWR VCC pin can be current limited with a
resistor. Darlington outputs can also be "Baker Clamped" with diodes from collectors back to
PWR VCC. (See Applications)
22
The device can chop power devices in either of two modes, referred to as “two-quadrant”
(Quad Sellow) and “four quadrant” (Quad Sel high). When two-quadrant chopping, the
pulldown power devices are chopped by the output of the PWM latch while the pullup drivers
remain on. The load chops into one commutation diode, and except for back-EMF, will
exhibit slow discharge current and faster charge current. Two-quadrant chopping can be
more efficient than four-quadrant.
When four-quadrant chopping, all power drivers are chopped by the PWM latch, causing the
load current to flow into two diodes during chopping. This mode exhibits better control of load
current when current is low, and is preferred in servo systems for equal control over
acceleration and deceleration. The QUAD SEL input has no effect on operation during
braking.
21
Each time the TACH-OUT pulses, the capacitor tied to RC-BRAKE discharges from
approximately 3.33 V down to 1.67 V through a resistor. The tachometer pulse width is
approximately T = 0.67 RT CT, where RT and CT are a resistor and capacitor from
RC-BRAKE to ground. Recommended values for RT are 10 kΩ to 500 kΩ, and
recommended values for CT are 1 nF to 100 nF, allowing times between 5 μs and 10 ms.
Best accuracy and stability are achieved with values in the centers of those ranges.
RC-BRAKE also has another function. If RC-BRAKE pin is pulled below the brake threshold,
the device enters brake mode. This mode consists of turning off all three high-side devices,
enabling all three low-side devices, and disabling the tachometer. The only things that inhibit
low-side device operation in braking are low-supply, exceeding peak current, OV-COAST
command, and the PWM comparator signal. The last of these means that if current sense is
implemented such that the signal in the current sense amplifier is proportional to braking
current, the low-side devices will brake the motor with current control. (See applications)
Simpler current sense connections results in uncontrolled braking and potential damage to
the power devices.
25
The UC1625 can regulate motor current using fixed-frequency pulse width modulation
(PWM). The RC-OSC pin sets oscillator frequency by means of timing resistor ROSC from the
RC-OSC pin to VREF and capacitor COSC from RC-OSC to Gnd. Resistors 10 kΩ to 100 kΩ
and capacitors 1 nF to 100 nF works the best, but frequency should always be below 500
kHz. Oscillator frequency is approximately:
F = 2/(ROSC x COSC )
Additional components can be added to this device to cause it to operate as a fixed off-time
PWM rather than a fixed frequency PWM, using the RC-OSC pin to select the monostable
time constant.
The voltage on the RC-OSC pin is normally a ramp of about 1.2 V peak-to-peak, centered at
approximately 1.6 V. This ramp can be used for voltage-mode PWM control, or can be used
for slope compensation in current-mode control.
Submit Documentation Feedback
Copyright © 2011, Texas Instruments Incorporated
Product Folder Link(s) :UC1625-SP
UC1625-SP
SLUSAG8A – SEPTEMBER 2011 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 2011
www.ti.com
Terminal Functions (continued)
TERMINAL
NAME
DESCRIPTION
NO.
24
Any time that VCC drops below threshold or the sensed current exceeds the over-current
threshold, the soft-start latch is set. When set, it turns on a transistor that pulls down on
SSTART. Normally, a capacitor is connected to this pin, and the transistor will completely
discharge the capacitor. A comparator senses when the NPN transistor has completely
discharged the capacitor, and allows the soft-start latch to clear when the fault is removed.
When the fault is removed, the soft-start capacitor charges from the on-chip current source.
SSTART clamps the output of the error amplifier, not allowing the error amplifier output
voltage to exceed SSTART regardless of input. The ramp on RC-OSC can be applied to
PWM In and compared to E/A OUT. With SSTART discharged below 0.2 V and the ramp
minimum being approximately 1.0 V, the PWM comparator keeps the PWM latch cleared and
the outputs off. As SSTART rises, the PWM comparator begins to duty-cycle modulate the
PWM latch until the error amplifier inputs overcome the clamp. This provides for a safe and
orderly motor start-up from an off or fault condition. A 51-kΩ resister is added between VREF
and SSTART to ensure switching.
20
Any change in the H1, H2, or H3 inputs loads data from these inputs into the position sensor
latches. At the same time data is loaded, a fixed-width 5-V pulse is triggered on TACH-OUT.
The average value of the voltage on TACH-OUT is directly proportional to speed, so this
output can be used as a true tachometer for speed feedback with an external filter or
averaging circuit which usually consists of a resistor and capacitor.
Whenever TACH-OUT is high, the position latches are inhibited, such that during the noisiest
part of the commutation cycle, additional commutations are not possible. Although this
effectively sets a maximum rotational speed, the maximum speed can be set above the
highest expected speed, preventing false commutation and chatter.
VCC
19
This device operates with supplies between 10 V and 18 V. Under-voltage lockout keeps all
outputs off below 7.5 V, insuring that the output transistors never turn on until full drive
capability is available. Bypass VCC to ground with an 0.1-μF ceramic capacitor. Using a
10-μF electrolytic bypass capacitor as well can be beneficial in applications with high supply
impedance.
VREF
2
This pin provides regulated 5 V for driving Hall-effect devices and speed control circuitry.
VREF reaches 5 V before VCC enables, ensuring that Hall-effect devices powered from
VREF becomes active before the UC1625 drives any output. For proper performance VREF
should be bypassed with at least a 0.1-μF capacitor to ground.
SSTART
TACH-OUT
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Oscillator Frequency
vs
COSC and ROSC
Tachometer on Time
vs
RT and CT
100 ms
1 MHz
RT – 500 k
RT – 100 k
ROSC – 10 k
1 ms
On Time
Oscillator Frequency
10 ms
ROSC – 10 k
100 kHz
ROSC – 100 k
10 kHz
1 kHz
100 ms
10 ms
1 ms
0.001
100 Hz
0.001
0.01
0.1
RT – 30 k
RT – 10 k
0.01
0.1
CT – mF
COSC (mF)
Figure 2.
Figure 3.
Submit Documentation Feedback
Copyright © 2011, Texas Instruments Incorporated
Product Folder Link(s) :UC1625-SP
9
UC1625-SP
SLUSAG8A – SEPTEMBER 2011 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 2011
www.ti.com
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
Soft-Start Pullup Current
vs
Temperature
20
-5
18
-6
16
-7
14
-8
Soft Start Current – mA
Supply Current – mA
Supply Current
vs
Temperature
12
10
8
6
-9
-10
-11
-12
4
-13
2
-14
0
-75
-50
-25
0
25
50
75
100
-15
-75
125
-50
Temperature – C
-25
0
25
50
75
100
125
Temperature – C
Figure 4.
Figure 5.
Soft-Start Discharge Current
vs
Temperature
Current Sense Amplifier Transfer Function
vs
ISENSE2 – ISENSE1
1.25
3.5
.75
ISENSE – V
Soft Start Current – mA
1.00
3
.50
.25
0
-75
-50
-25
0
25
50
75
100
125
2.5
-0.5
Temperature – C
0.5
ISENSE2 – ISENSE1 – V
Figure 6.
10
0.0
Figure 7.
Submit Documentation Feedback
Copyright © 2011, Texas Instruments Incorporated
Product Folder Link(s) :UC1625-SP
UC1625-SP
SLUSAG8A – SEPTEMBER 2011 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 2011
www.ti.com
APPLICATION INFORMATION
Cross Conduction Prevention
The UC1625 inserts delays to prevent cross conduction due to overlapping drive signals. However, some thought
must always be given to cross conduction in output stage design because no amount of dead time can prevent
fast slewing signals from coupling drive to a power device through a parasitic capacitance.
The UC1625 contains input latches that serve as noise blanking filters. These latches remain transparent through
any phase of a motor rotation and latch immediately after an input transition is detected. They remain latched for
two cycles of the PWM oscillator. At a PWM oscillator speed of 20 kHz, this corresponds to 50 μs to 100 μs of
blank time which limits maximum rotational speed to 100 kRPM for a motor with six transitions per rotation or 50
kRPM for a motor with 12 transitions per rotation.
This prevents noise generated in the first 50 μs of a transition from propagating to the output transistors and
causing cross-conduction or chatter.
The UC1625 also contains six flip flops corresponding to the six output drive signals. One of these flip flops is set
every time that an output drive signal is turned on, and cleared two PWM oscillator cycles after that drive signal
is turned off. The output of each flip flop is used to inhibit drive to the opposing output (Figure 8). In this way, it is
impossible to turn on driver PUA and PDA at the same time. It is also impossible for one of these drivers to turn
on without the other driver having been off for at least two PWM oscillator clocks.
EDGE
FINDER
SHIFT
REG
PWM
CLK
S
Q
R
Q
S
Q
R
Q
PUA
PULL UP
FROM
DECODER
PULL
DOWN
PDA
Figure 8. Cross Conduction Prevention
Submit Documentation Feedback
Copyright © 2011, Texas Instruments Incorporated
Product Folder Link(s) :UC1625-SP
11
UC1625-SP
SLUSAG8A – SEPTEMBER 2011 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 2011
www.ti.com
Power Stage Design
The UC1625 is useful in a wide variety of applications, including high-power in robotics and machinery. The
power output stages used in such equipment can take a number of forms, according to the intended performance
and purpose of the system. Figure 9 show four different power stages with the advantages and disadvantages of
each.
For high-frequency chopping, fast recovery circulating diodes are essential. Six are required to clamp the
windings. These diodes should have a continuous current rating at least equal to the operating motor current,
since diode conduction duty-cycle can be high. For low-voltage systems, Schottky diodes are preferred. In higher
voltage systems, diodes such as Microsemi UHVP high voltage platinum rectifiers are recommended.
In a pulse-by-pulse current control arrangement, current sensing is done by resistor RS, through which the
transistor's currents are passed (Fig. A, B, and C). In these cases, RD is not needed. The low-side circulating
diodes go to ground and the current sense terminals of the UC1625 (ISENSE1 and ISENSE2) are connected to RS
through a differential RC filter. The input bias current of the current sense amplifier causes a common mode
offset voltage to appear at both inputs, so for best accuracy, keep the filter resistors below 2 kΩ and matched.
The current that flows through RS is discontinuous because of chopping. It flows during the on time of the power
stage and is zero during the off time. Consequently, the voltage across RS consists of a series of pulses,
occurring at the PWM frequency, with a peak value indicative of the peak motor current.
To sense average motor current instead of peak current, add another current sense resistor (RD in Fig. D) to
measure current in the low-side circulating diodes, and operate in four quadrant mode (pin 22 high). The
negative voltage across RD is corrected by the absolute value current sense amplifier. Within the limitations
imposed by Table 2, the circuit of Fig. B can also sense average current.
12
Submit Documentation Feedback
Copyright © 2011, Texas Instruments Incorporated
Product Folder Link(s) :UC1625-SP
UC1625-SP
SLUSAG8A – SEPTEMBER 2011 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 2011
www.ti.com
FIGURE A
FIGURE B
TO
MOTOR
TO
MOTOR
RS
RS
FIGURE C
FIGURE D
TO
MOTOR
TO
MOTOR
RS
RD
RS
Figure 9. Four Power Stage Designs
Table 2. Imposed Limitations for Figure 9
2 QUADRANT
4 QUADRANT
SAFE
BRAKING
POWER REVERSE
Figure A
Yes
No
No
CURRENT SENSE
Pulse-by-Pulse
Average
N0
Yes
No
Yes
Figure B
Yes
Yes
No
In 4-quad mode only
Yes
Figure C
Yes
Yes
Yes
In 4-quad mode only
Yes
No
Figure D
Yes
Yes
Yes
In 4-quad mode only
Yes
Yes
Submit Documentation Feedback
Copyright © 2011, Texas Instruments Incorporated
Product Folder Link(s) :UC1625-SP
13
UC1625-SP
SLUSAG8A – SEPTEMBER 2011 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 2011
www.ti.com
For drives where speed is critical, P-channel MOSFETs can be driven by emitter followers as shown in
Figure 10. Here, both the level shift NPN and the PNP must withstand high voltages. A zener diode is used to
limit gate-source voltage on the MOSFET. A series gate resistor is not necessary, but always advisable to control
overshoot and ringing.
High-voltage optocouplers can quickly drive high-voltage MOSFETs if a boost supply of at least 10 V greater
than the motor supply is provided (See Figure 11) To protect the MOSFET, the boost supply should not be
higher than 18 V above the motor supply.
For under 200-V 2-quadrant applications, a power NPN driven by a small P-Channel MOSFET performs well as
a high-side driver as in Figure 12. A high voltage small-signal NPN is used as a level shift and a high voltage
low-current MOSFET provides drive. Although the NPN does not saturate if used within its limitations, the
base-emitter resistor on the NPN is still the speed-limiting component.
Figure 13 shows a power NPN Darlington drive technique using a clamp to prevent deep saturation. By limiting
saturation of the power device, excessive base drive is minimized and turn-off time is kept fairly short. Lack of
base series resistance also adds to the speed of this approach.
Figure 10. Fast High-Side P-Channel Driver
14
Figure 11. Optocoupled N-Channel High-Side
Driver
Submit Documentation Feedback
Copyright © 2011, Texas Instruments Incorporated
Product Folder Link(s) :UC1625-SP
UC1625-SP
SLUSAG8A – SEPTEMBER 2011 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 2011
www.ti.com
Figure 12. Power NPN High-Side Driver
Figure 13. Power NPN Low-Side Driver
Submit Documentation Feedback
Copyright © 2011, Texas Instruments Incorporated
Product Folder Link(s) :UC1625-SP
15
UC1625-SP
SLUSAG8A – SEPTEMBER 2011 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 2011
www.ti.com
Fast High-Side N-Channel Driver with Transformer Isolation
A small pulse transformer can provide excellent isolation between the UC1625 and a high-voltage N-Channel
MOSFET while also coupling gate drive power. In this circuit (shown in Figure 14), a UC3724 is used as a
transformer driver/encoder that duty-cycle modulates the transformer with a 150-kHz pulse train. The UC3725
rectifies this pulse train for gate drive power, demodulates the signal, and drives the gate with over 2-A peak
current.
+12V
VMOTOR
3
33kW
6
7
PUA
2
7
UC3724N
UC3725N
4
4
8
1:2
8
1
5kW
2
5
1nF
1
6
3
100nF
TO MOTOR
Figure 14. Fast High-Side N-Channel Driver with Transformer Isolation
Both the UC3724 and the UC3725 can operate up to 500 kHz if the pulse transformer is selected appropriately.
To raise the operating frequency, either lower the timing resistor of the UC3724 (1 kΩ min), lower the timing
capacitor of the UC3724 (500 pF min) or both.
If there is significant capacitance between transformer primary and secondary, together with very high output
slew rate, then it may be necessary to add clamp diodes from the transformer primary to 12 V and ground.
General purpose small signal switching diodes such as 1N4148 are normally adequate.
The UC3725 also has provisions for MOSFET current limiting. See the UC3725 data sheet for more information
on implementing this.
16
Submit Documentation Feedback
Copyright © 2011, Texas Instruments Incorporated
Product Folder Link(s) :UC1625-SP
UC1625-SP
SLUSAG8A – SEPTEMBER 2011 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 2011
www.ti.com
Computational Truth Table
Table 3 shows the outputs of the gate drive and open collector outputs for given hall input codes and direction
signals. Numbers at the top of the columns are pin numbers.
These devices operate with position sensor encoding that has either one or two signals high at a time, never all
low or all high. This coding is sometimes referred to as "120° Coding" because the coding is the same as coding
with position sensors spaced 120 magnetic degrees about the rotor. In response to these position sense signals,
only one low-side driver turns on (go high) and one high-side driver turns on (pull low) at any time.
Table 3. Computational Truth Table
INPUTS
OUTPUTS
DIR
H1
H2
H3
Low-Side
High-Side
6
8
9
10
12
13
14
16
17
18
1
0
0
1
L
H
L
L
H
H
1
0
1
1
L
L
H
L
H
H
1
0
1
0
L
L
H
H
L
H
1
1
1
0
H
L
L
H
L
H
1
1
0
0
H
L
L
H
H
L
1
1
0
1
L
H
L
H
H
L
0
1
0
1
L
L
H
H
L
H
0
1
0
0
L
L
H
L
H
H
0
1
1
0
L
H
L
L
H
H
0
0
1
0
L
H
L
H
H
L
0
0
1
1
H
L
L
H
H
L
0
0
0
1
H
L
L
H
L
H
X
1
1
1
L
L
L
H
H
H
X
0
0
0
L
L
L
H
H
H
Submit Documentation Feedback
Copyright © 2011, Texas Instruments Incorporated
Product Folder Link(s) :UC1625-SP
17
UC1625-SP
SLUSAG8A – SEPTEMBER 2011 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 2011
www.ti.com
VREF
+15V
+5V TO HALL
SENSORS
100nF
100nF
20mF
QUAD
ROSC
33kW
3kW
2
2N3904
10W
19
11
22
DIR
3kW
17
1
28
100nF
18
UC3625
UC1625
14
27
13
25
2200pF
COSC
2N3906
IRF9350
16
6
1k
4kW
TO
MOTOR
TO OTHER
CHANNELS
10W
15
IRF532
20
21
3nF
CT
REQUIRED
FOR BRAKE
AND FAST
REVERSE
TO OTHER
CHANNELS
12
BRAKE
+
100mF
3kW
+
20mF
10kW
10kW
VMOTOR
26
68kW
RT
3
24
23
8
9
10
4
5
7
100nF
5nF
FROM
HALL
SENSORS
100nF
2nF
51kW
10kW
240W
5nF
240W
2nF
2nF
VREF
0.02
W
RS
REQUIRED
FOR
AVERAGE
CURRENT
SENSING
0.02
W
RD
Figure 15. 45-V/8-A Brushless DC Motor Drive Circuit
N-Channel power MOSFETs are used for low-side drivers, while P-Channel power MOSFETs are shown for
high-side drivers. Resistors are used to level shift the UC1625 open-collector outputs, driving emitter followers
into the MOSFET gate. A 12-V zener clamp insures that the MOSFET gate-source voltage never exceeds 12 V.
Series 10-Ω gate resistors tame gate reactance, preventing oscillations and minimizing ringing.
The oscillator timing capacitor should be placed close to pins 15 and 25, to keep ground current out of the
capacitor. Ground current in the timing capacitor causes oscillator distortion and slaving to the commutation
signal.
The potentiometer connected to pin 1 controls PWM duty cycle directly, implementing a crude form of speed
control. This control is often referred to as "voltage mode" because the potentiometer position sets the average
motor voltage. This controls speed because steady-state motor speed is closely related to applied voltage.
Pin 20 (Tach-Out) is connected to pin 7 (SPEED IN) through an RC filter, preventing direction reversal while the
motor is spinning quickly. In two-quadrant operation, this reversal can cause kinetic energy from the motor to be
forced into the power MOSFETs.
A diode in series with the low-side MOSFETs facilitates PWM current control during braking by insuring that
braking current will not flow backwards through low-side MOSFETs. Dual current-sense resistors give continuous
current sense, whether braking or running in four-quadrant operation, an unnecessary luxury for two-quadrant
operation.
The 68-kΩ and 3-nF tachometer components set maximum commutation time at 140 μs. This permits smooth
operation up to 35,000 RPM for four-pole motors, yet gives 140 μs of noise blanking after commutation.
18
Submit Documentation Feedback
Copyright © 2011, Texas Instruments Incorporated
Product Folder Link(s) :UC1625-SP
PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM
www.ti.com
24-Sep-2011
PACKAGING INFORMATION
Orderable Device
5962-9168902VYA
Status
(1)
Package Type Package
Drawing
ACTIVE
CDIP
JT
Pins
Package Qty
28
1
Eco Plan
TBD
(2)
Lead/
Ball Finish
A42
MSL Peak Temp
(3)
Samples
(Requires Login)
N / A for Pkg Type
(1)
The marketing status values are defined as follows:
ACTIVE: Product device recommended for new designs.
LIFEBUY: TI has announced that the device will be discontinued, and a lifetime-buy period is in effect.
NRND: Not recommended for new designs. Device is in production to support existing customers, but TI does not recommend using this part in a new design.
PREVIEW: Device has been announced but is not in production. Samples may or may not be available.
OBSOLETE: TI has discontinued the production of the device.
(2)
Eco Plan - The planned eco-friendly classification: Pb-Free (RoHS), Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt), or Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) - please check http://www.ti.com/productcontent for the latest availability
information and additional product content details.
TBD: The Pb-Free/Green conversion plan has not been defined.
Pb-Free (RoHS): TI's terms "Lead-Free" or "Pb-Free" mean semiconductor products that are compatible with the current RoHS requirements for all 6 substances, including the requirement that
lead not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous materials. Where designed to be soldered at high temperatures, TI Pb-Free products are suitable for use in specified lead-free processes.
Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt): This component has a RoHS exemption for either 1) lead-based flip-chip solder bumps used between the die and package, or 2) lead-based die adhesive used between
the die and leadframe. The component is otherwise considered Pb-Free (RoHS compatible) as defined above.
Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br): TI defines "Green" to mean Pb-Free (RoHS compatible), and free of Bromine (Br) and Antimony (Sb) based flame retardants (Br or Sb do not exceed 0.1% by weight
in homogeneous material)
(3)
MSL, Peak Temp. -- The Moisture Sensitivity Level rating according to the JEDEC industry standard classifications, and peak solder temperature.
Important Information and Disclaimer:The information provided on this page represents TI's knowledge and belief as of the date that it is provided. TI bases its knowledge and belief on information
provided by third parties, and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of such information. Efforts are underway to better integrate information from third parties. TI has taken and
continues to take reasonable steps to provide representative and accurate information but may not have conducted destructive testing or chemical analysis on incoming materials and chemicals.
TI and TI suppliers consider certain information to be proprietary, and thus CAS numbers and other limited information may not be available for release.
In no event shall TI's liability arising out of such information exceed the total purchase price of the TI part(s) at issue in this document sold by TI to Customer on an annual basis.
OTHER QUALIFIED VERSIONS OF UC1625-SP :
• Catalog: UC1625
NOTE: Qualified Version Definitions:
• Catalog - TI's standard catalog product
Addendum-Page 1
MECHANICAL DATA
MCER004A – JANUARY 1995 – REVISED JANUARY 1997
JT (R-GDIP-T**)
CERAMIC DUAL-IN-LINE
24 LEADS SHOWN
PINS **
A
13
24
B
1
24
28
A MAX
1.280
(32,51)
1.460
(37,08)
A MIN
1.240
(31,50)
1.440
(36,58)
B MAX
0.300
(7,62)
0.291
(7,39)
B MIN
0.245
(6,22)
0.285
(7,24)
DIM
12
0.070 (1,78)
0.030 (0,76)
0.100 (2,54) MAX
0.320 (8,13)
0.290 (7,37)
0.015 (0,38) MIN
0.200 (5,08) MAX
Seating Plane
0.130 (3,30) MIN
0.023 (0,58)
0.015 (0,38)
0°–15°
0.014 (0,36)
0.008 (0,20)
0.100 (2,54)
4040110/C 08/96
NOTES: A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
All linear dimensions are in inches (millimeters).
This drawing is subject to change without notice.
This package can be hermetically sealed with a ceramic lid using glass frit.
Index point is provided on cap for terminal identification.
Falls within MIL STD 1835 GDIP3-T24, GDIP4-T28, and JEDEC MO-058 AA, MO-058 AB
POST OFFICE BOX 655303
• DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
IMPORTANT NOTICE
Texas Instruments Incorporated and its subsidiaries (TI) reserve the right to make corrections, modifications, enhancements, improvements,
and other changes to its products and services at any time and to discontinue any product or service without notice. Customers should
obtain the latest relevant information before placing orders and should verify that such information is current and complete. All products are
sold subject to TI’s terms and conditions of sale supplied at the time of order acknowledgment.
TI warrants performance of its hardware products to the specifications applicable at the time of sale in accordance with TI’s standard
warranty. Testing and other quality control techniques are used to the extent TI deems necessary to support this warranty. Except where
mandated by government requirements, testing of all parameters of each product is not necessarily performed.
TI assumes no liability for applications assistance or customer product design. Customers are responsible for their products and
applications using TI components. To minimize the risks associated with customer products and applications, customers should provide
adequate design and operating safeguards.
TI does not warrant or represent that any license, either express or implied, is granted under any TI patent right, copyright, mask work right,
or other TI intellectual property right relating to any combination, machine, or process in which TI products or services are used. Information
published by TI regarding third-party products or services does not constitute a license from TI to use such products or services or a
warranty or endorsement thereof. Use of such information may require a license from a third party under the patents or other intellectual
property of the third party, or a license from TI under the patents or other intellectual property of TI.
Reproduction of TI information in TI data books or data sheets is permissible only if reproduction is without alteration and is accompanied
by all associated warranties, conditions, limitations, and notices. Reproduction of this information with alteration is an unfair and deceptive
business practice. TI is not responsible or liable for such altered documentation. Information of third parties may be subject to additional
restrictions.
Resale of TI products or services with statements different from or beyond the parameters stated by TI for that product or service voids all
express and any implied warranties for the associated TI product or service and is an unfair and deceptive business practice. TI is not
responsible or liable for any such statements.
TI products are not authorized for use in safety-critical applications (such as life support) where a failure of the TI product would reasonably
be expected to cause severe personal injury or death, unless officers of the parties have executed an agreement specifically governing
such use. Buyers represent that they have all necessary expertise in the safety and regulatory ramifications of their applications, and
acknowledge and agree that they are solely responsible for all legal, regulatory and safety-related requirements concerning their products
and any use of TI products in such safety-critical applications, notwithstanding any applications-related information or support that may be
provided by TI. Further, Buyers must fully indemnify TI and its representatives against any damages arising out of the use of TI products in
such safety-critical applications.
TI products are neither designed nor intended for use in military/aerospace applications or environments unless the TI products are
specifically designated by TI as military-grade or "enhanced plastic." Only products designated by TI as military-grade meet military
specifications. Buyers acknowledge and agree that any such use of TI products which TI has not designated as military-grade is solely at
the Buyer's risk, and that they are solely responsible for compliance with all legal and regulatory requirements in connection with such use.
TI products are neither designed nor intended for use in automotive applications or environments unless the specific TI products are
designated by TI as compliant with ISO/TS 16949 requirements. Buyers acknowledge and agree that, if they use any non-designated
products in automotive applications, TI will not be responsible for any failure to meet such requirements.
Following are URLs where you can obtain information on other Texas Instruments products and application solutions:
Products
Applications
Audio
www.ti.com/audio
Communications and Telecom www.ti.com/communications
Amplifiers
amplifier.ti.com
Computers and Peripherals
www.ti.com/computers
Data Converters
dataconverter.ti.com
Consumer Electronics
www.ti.com/consumer-apps
DLP® Products
www.dlp.com
Energy and Lighting
www.ti.com/energy
DSP
dsp.ti.com
Industrial
www.ti.com/industrial
Clocks and Timers
www.ti.com/clocks
Medical
www.ti.com/medical
Interface
interface.ti.com
Security
www.ti.com/security
Logic
logic.ti.com
Space, Avionics and Defense
www.ti.com/space-avionics-defense
Power Mgmt
power.ti.com
Transportation and Automotive www.ti.com/automotive
Microcontrollers
microcontroller.ti.com
Video and Imaging
RFID
www.ti-rfid.com
OMAP Mobile Processors
www.ti.com/omap
Wireless Connctivity
www.ti.com/wirelessconnectivity
TI E2E Community Home Page
www.ti.com/video
e2e.ti.com
Mailing Address: Texas Instruments, Post Office Box 655303, Dallas, Texas 75265
Copyright © 2011, Texas Instruments Incorporated