EM61000 MIDI Application Notes March 2002 No. AP-EM61-0010E-v1 Trademark Acknowledgments IBM is a registered trademark and PS/2 is a trademark of IBM. Microsoft, MS, MS-DOS, and Windows are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. © 2001-2002 ELAN Microelectronics Corporation All Rights Reserved Printed in Taiwan, ROC, 03/2002 The contents of in this document is subject to change without notice. ELAN Microelectronics assumes no responsibility for errors that may appear in this manual. ELAN Microelectronics makes no commitment to update, or to keep current, the information contained in this manual. The software described in this manual is furnished under a license or nondisclosure agreement, and may be used or copied only in accordance with the terms of the agreement. ELAN Microelectronics products are not intended for use in life support appliances, devices, or systems. Use of ELAN Microelectronics in such applications are not supported and is prohibited. NO PART OF THE EASY FORMAT AND OF THIS MANUAL MAY BE REPRODUCED OR TRANSMITTED IN ANY FORM OR BY ANY MEANS WITHOUT THE EXPRESS WRITTEN PERMISSION OF ELAN MICROELECTRONICS. ELAN MICROELECTRONICS CORPORATION ii Headquarters: Hong Kong Office: No. 12, Innovation Road 1, Science-based Industrial Park, Hsinchu, Taiwan, R.O.C. Rm. 1005B, 10/F Empire Centre 68 Mody Road, Tsimshatsui Kowloon , HONG KONG Tel: +886 3 5639977 Tel: +852 2838-8715 Fax: +886 3 5639966 http://www.emc.com.tw Fax: +852 2838-0497 EM61000 MIDI Application Notes Contents 1.0 Compatible MIDI File Format ...................................................................................1 2.0 MIDI Duration .............................................................................................................1 2.1 Acceptable Minimum Beat...................................................................................1 2.2 Quantization and Resolution ................................................................................1 2.3 Timebase ..............................................................................................................2 3.0 Frequency .....................................................................................................................2 2.1 Note ......................................................................................................................2 2.2 Base Octave..........................................................................................................2 4.0 Patch and Channel in EM61000 .................................................................................3 4.1 EM61000 Capabilities..........................................................................................3 4.2 Maximum Tones in Channel and Looping ...........................................................3 4.3 Patch Change........................................................................................................3 4.4 General MIDI vs. EM61000 Patches ...................................................................4 5.0 Volume...........................................................................................................................5 5.1 EM61000 Playing Volume ...................................................................................5 5.2 Volume Range ......................................................................................................5 6.0 Tempo............................................................................................................................5 6.1 Tempo Range........................................................................................................5 6.2 Tempo Limitation .................................................................................................5 6.3 Multiple Tempos...................................................................................................6 7.0 Meter .............................................................................................................................6 7.1 Limitations ...........................................................................................................6 8.0 Controller......................................................................................................................6 EM61000 MIDI Application Notes iii iv EM61000 MIDI Application Notes 1.0 Compatible MIDI File Format MIDI files must be compatible with the General Midi (GM) specification and saved as “MIDI Format 1” type files. Save file as “MIDI Format 1” type The above example is from “CakeWalk” 2.0 MIDI Duration 2.1 Acceptable Minimum Beat 1/16 beat (64th – note; 64th- rest) 1/12 beat (32nd Triplet – note; 32nd Triplet – rest) Acceptable length should be a multiple of the above beats. 2.2 Quantization and Resolution Use the quantization feature to adjust notes position and apply the shortest beat (see Section 2.1) as the resolution value. The above example is from “CakeWalk” EM61000 MIDI Application Notes 1 2.3 Timebase It is recommended that the Timebase of your editing software is set at 1 beat = 48 ticks in order to facilitate debugging. 3.0 Frequency 2.1 Note Each Note in the MIDI is numbered from 0 to 127 with C = 60 as the Mid-Note. The ability of the current version of EM61000 in recognizing pitch is unstable. Refer to 61_tonelib.doc for further details. 2.2 Base Octave It is recommended that the setting for Base Octave for pitches is set at C4 = 60 to facilitate debugging. (Under Cakewalk, when Base Octave for Pitches is –1, C4 = 60) (Under Cakewalk, when Base Octave for Pitches is 0, C5 = 60) Base Octave for Pitches value The above example is from “CakeWalk” 2 EM61000 MIDI Application Notes 4.0 Patch and Channel in EM61000 4.1 EM61000 Capabilities The General MIDI (GM) is specified to directly access up to 128 patches of musical instruments (numbered 0 ~ 127), 47 patches of drum and percussion parts (numbered 35 ~ 81), and 16 channels (numbered 1 ~ 16). The current version of EM61000 IDE software supports the GM requirements except for the patches of musical instrument. Presently, the EM61000 Tone Library (INSLIB) only supports 66 patches. User needs to modify the MIDI file in order to fill the missing instrument patches to make it compatible with EM61000. 4.2 Maximum Tones in Channel and Looping The maximum number of tones that can be played at a given moment with EM61000 channel is 8. EM61000 can only accept 4 channels of long loop tones when each loop exceed 128 bytes. 4.3 Patch Change EM61000 supports multiple patch changes in a channel. An example of a patch change setup in a channel The above examples is from “CakeWalk” EM61000 MIDI Application Notes 3 4.4 General MIDI vs. EM61000 Patches The following table shows patches where EM61000 complies with the 128 preset MIDI specified instruments. Note that Patches Number 115, 116, and 117 are unique to EM61000 and do not conform to MIDI specified instruments. Patch No. General MIDI Instrument Name EM61000 Patch No. 000 001 002 003 004 005 006 007 008 009 010 011 012 013 014 015 016 017 018 019 020 021 022 023 024 025 026 027 028 029 030 031 032 033 034 035 036 037 038 039 040 041 042 Acoustic Grand Piano Bright Acoustic Piano Electric Grand Piano Honky-Tonk Piano Rhodes Piano Chorused Piano Harpsichord Clavinet Celesta Glockenspiel Music Box Vibraphone Marimba Xylophone Tubular Bells Dulcimer Hammond Organ Percussive Organ Rock Organ Church Organ Reed Organ Accordion Harmonica Tango Accordion Acoustic Nylon Guitar Acoustic Steel Guitar Electric Jazz Guitar Electric Clean Guitar Electric Muted Guitar Overdriven Guitar Distortion Guitar Guitar Harmonics Acoustic Bass Electric Bass Fingered Electric Bass Picked Fretless Bass Slap Bass1 Slap Bass2 Synth Bass1 Synth Bass2 Violin Viola Cello Comply Comply – Comply Comply Comply Comply Comply Comply – Comply Comply Comply Comply Comply Comply – Comply Comply Comply – Comply Comply Comply Comply Comply Comply Comply Comply Comply Comply Comply Comply Comply Comply – Comply Comply Comply Comply Comply Comply Comply 043 044 045 046 047 048 049 050 051 052 053 054 055 056 057 058 059 060 061 062 063 064 065 066 067 068 069 070 071 072 073 074 075 076 077 078 079 080 081 082 083 084 085 General MIDI Instrument Name Contrabass Tremolo Strings Pizzicato Strings Orchestral Harp Timpani String Ensemble 1 String Ensemble 2 Synth Strings 1 Synth Strings 2 Choir Aahs Voice Oohs Synth Voice Orchestra Hit Trumpet Trombone Tuba Muted Trumpet French Horn Brass Section Synth Brass 1 Synth Brass 2 Soprano Sax Alto Sax Tenor Sax Baritone Sax Oboe English Horn Bassoon Clarinet Piccolo Flute Recorder Pan Flute Bottle Blow Shakuhachi Whistle Ocarina Lead 1 (Square Wave Lead 2 (Saw Tooth) Lead 3 (Caliope) Lead 4 (Chiff) Lead 5 (Charang) Lead 6 (Solo Voice) EM61000 Comply Comply Comply Comply – – – – – – – – – Comply Comply Comply Comply Comply – – – Comply – Comply Comply Comply Comply Comply Comply Comply Comply Comply Comply Comply Comply – – – – – – – – Patch No. 086 087 088 089 090 091 092 093 094 095 096 097 098 099 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 General MIDI Instrument Name EM61000 Lead 7 (Brit Saw Wave) – Lead 8 (Brass + Lead) – Pad 1 (Fantasia) Comply Pad 2 (Warm) – Pad 3 (Polysynth) – Pad 4 (Choir) Comply Pad 5 (Bowed Glass) – Pad 6 (Metallic) – Pad 7 (Halo) – Pad 8 (Sweep) – SFX 1 (Ice Rain) – SFX 2 (Sound Track) – SFX 3 (Crystal) – SFX 4 (Atmosphere) – SFX 5 (Brightness) – SFX 6 (Goblins) – SFX 7 (Echo Drops) – SFX 8 (Sci- Fiction) – Sitar – Banjo Comply Shamisen – Koto – Kalimba – Bagpipe – Fiddle – Shanai – Timkie Bell – Agogo – Steel Drum Comply Woodblock * Major Triad Taiko Drum * Minor Triad Melodic Tone * Mandolin Synth Drum – Reverse Cymbal – Guitar Fret Noise – Breath Noise – Seashore – Bird Tweet – Telephone Ring – Helicopter – Applause – Gunshot – * 115, 116 & 117 are EM61000 unique instruments 4 EM61000 MIDI Application Notes 5.0 Volume 5.1 EM61000 Playing Volume Modifying the volume and velocity in the MIDI file will change the EM61000 overall playing volume. Set Velocity setting to adjust output volume The above example is from “CakeWalk” 5.2 Volume Range The acceptable volume range for EM61000 is 0 ~ 127. 6.0 Tempo 6.1 Tempo Range The acceptable tempo range for EM61000 is 40 ~ 240. 6.2 Tempo Limitation EM61000 Voice Translator can only accept one tempo for each MIDI. If several tempos are available, only the last tempo is accepted. Only the last tempo in a series is recognized The above example is from “CakeWalk” EM61000 MIDI Application Notes 5 6.3 Multiple Tempos EM61000 can only accept one tempo in a MIDI. If more than one tempo is required, chunk the tempo into several parts and place each part into a separate MIDI file. Then program them to play continuously. 7.0 Meter 7.1 Limitations • EM61000 only accepts one meter within a MIDI. If a song contains several meters, only the last meter will be recognized as the MIDI’s meter. The last meter is then utilized as the applicable meter for the whole song. • Furthermore, only a meter of n/4 is acceptable. 8.0 Controller Of all the available MIDI Controllers, EM61000 can only interpret the No. 7-Volume. Avoid using the other controller numbers, as they will only be ignored. Use No. 7 (Volume) Controller only The above example is from “CakeWalk” 6 EM61000 MIDI Application Notes