APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family ® May 2001, ver. 3.7 Features... Data Sheet ■ ■ Industry’s first programmable logic device (PLD) incorporating system-on-a-programmable-chip (SOPC) integration – MultiCoreTM architecture integrating look-up table (LUT) logic, product-term logic, and embedded memory – LUT logic used for register-intensive functions – Embedded system block (ESB) used to implement memory functions, including first-in first-out (FIFO) buffers, dual-port RAM, and content-addressable memory (CAM) – ESB implementation of product-term logic used for combinatorial-intensive functions High density – 30,000 to 1.5 million typical gates (see Tables 1 and 2) – Up to 51,840 logic elements (LEs) – Up to 442,368 RAM bits that can be used without reducing available logic – Up to 3,456 product-term-based macrocells Table 1. APEX 20K Device Features Feature EP20K30E EP20K60E Note (1) EP20K100 EP20K100E EP20K160E EP20K200 EP20K200E Maximum system gates 113,000 162,000 263,000 263,000 404,000 526,000 526,000 Typical gates 30,000 60,000 100,000 100,000 160,000 200,000 200,000 LEs 1,200 2,560 4,160 4,160 6,400 8,320 8,320 12 16 26 26 40 52 52 Maximum RAM bits 24,576 32,768 53,248 53,248 81,920 106,496 106,496 Maximum macrocells 192 256 416 416 640 832 832 Maximum user I/O pins 128 196 252 246 316 382 376 ESBs Altera Corporation A-DS-APEX20K-03.7 1 APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Table 2. APEX 20K Device Features Feature Note (1) EP20K300E EP20K400 EP20K400E EP20K600E EP20K1000E EP20K1500E Maximum system gates 728,000 1,052,000 1,052,000 1,537,000 1,772,000 2,392,000 Typical gates 300,000 400,000 400,000 600,000 1,000,000 1,500,000 LEs 11,520 16,640 16,640 24,320 38,400 51,840 ESBs 72 104 104 152 160 216 Maximum RAM bits 147,456 212,992 212,992 311,296 327,680 442,368 Maximum macrocells 1,152 1,664 1,664 2,432 2,560 3,456 408 502 488 588 708 808 Maximum user I/O pins Note to tables: (1) The embedded IEEE Std. 1149.1 Joint Test Action Group (JTAG) boundary-scan circuitry contributes up to 57,000 additional gates. ...and More Features ■ Designed for low-power operation – 1.8-V and 2.5-V supply voltage (see Table 3) – MultiVoltTM I/O interface support to interface with 1.8-V, 2.5-V, 3.3-V, and 5.0-V devices (see Table 3) – ESB offering programmable power-saving mode Table 3. APEX 20K Supply Voltages Feature Device EP20K100 EP20K200 EP20K400 Internal supply voltage (VCCINT) 2.5 V MultiVolt I/O interface voltage levels (VCCIO) 2.5 V, 3.3 V, 5.0 V (1) EP20K30E EP20K60E EP20K100E EP20K160E EP20K200E EP20K300E EP20K400E EP20K600E EP20K1000E EP20K1500E 1.8 V 1.8 V, 2.5 V, 3.3 V, 5.0 V (2) Notes: (1) (2) 2 Certain APEX 20K devices are 5.0-V tolerant. See “MultiVolt I/O Interface” on page 46 for details. APEX 20KE devices can be 5.0-V tolerant by using an external resistor. Altera Corporation APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ Altera Corporation Flexible clock management circuitry with up to four phase-locked loops (PLLs) – Built-in low-skew clock tree – Up to eight global clock signals – ClockLockTM feature reducing clock delay and skew – ClockBoostTM feature providing clock multiplication and division – ClockShiftTM programmable clock phase and delay shifting Powerful I/O features – Compliant with peripheral component interconnect Special Interest Group (PCI SIG) PCI Local Bus Specification, Revision 2.2 for 3.3-V operation at 33 or 66 MHz and 32 or 64 bits – Support for high-speed external memories, including DDR SDRAM and ZBT SRAM (ZBT is a trademark of Integrated Device Technology, Inc.) – Bidirectional I/O performance (tCO + tSU) up to 250 MHz – LVDS performance up to 840 Mbits per channel – Direct connection from I/O pins to local interconnect providing fast tCO and tSU times for complex logic – MultiVolt I/O interface support to interface with 1.8-V, 2.5-V, 3.3-V, and 5.0-V devices (see Table 3) – Programmable clamp to VCCIO – Individual tri-state output enable control for each pin – Programmable output slew-rate control to reduce switching noise – Support for advanced I/O standards, including low-voltage differential signaling (LVDS), LVPECL, PCI-X, AGP, CTT, stubseries terminated logic (SSTL-3 and SSTL-2), Gunning transceiver logic plus (GTL+), and high-speed terminated logic (HSTL Class I) – Pull-up on I/O pins before and during configuration Advanced interconnect structure – Four-level hierarchical FastTrack® Interconnect structure providing fast, predictable interconnect delays – Dedicated carry chain that implements arithmetic functions such as fast adders, counters, and comparators (automatically used by software tools and megafunctions) – Dedicated cascade chain that implements high-speed, high-fan-in logic functions (automatically used by software tools and megafunctions) – Interleaved local interconnect allows one LE to drive 29 other LEs through the fast local interconnect Advanced packaging options – Available in a variety of packages with 144 to 1,020 pins (see Tables 4 through 7) – FineLine BGATM packages maximize board space efficiency Advanced software support – Software design support and automatic place-and-route provided by the Altera® QuartusTM II development system for 3 APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet – – – – Windows-based PCs, Sun SPARCstations, and HP 9000 Series 700/800 workstations Altera MegaCore® functions and Altera Megafunction Partners Program (AMPPSM) megafunctions NativeLinkTM integration with popular synthesis, simulation, and timing analysis tools Quartus II SignalTapTM embedded logic analyzer simplifies in-system design evaluation by giving access to internal nodes during device operation Supports popular revision-control software packages including PVCS, Revision Control System (RCS), and Source Code Control System (SCCS ) Table 4. APEX 20K QFP, BGA & PGA Package Options & I/O Count Device 144-Pin TQFP 208-Pin PQFP RQFP EP20K30E 92 125 EP20K60E 92 148 151 196 EP20K100 101 159 189 252 EP20K100E 92 151 183 246 EP20K160E 88 143 175 271 EP20K200 144 174 277 EP20K200E 136 168 271 EP20K300E 4 Notes (1), (2) 240-Pin PQFP RQFP 152 356-Pin BGA 652-Pin BGA 655-Pin PGA 376 408 EP20K400 502 EP20K400E 488 EP20K600E 488 EP20K1000E 488 EP20K1500E 488 502 Altera Corporation APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Table 5. APEX 20K FineLine BGA Package Options & I/O Count Device 144 Pin 324 Pin EP20K30E 93 128 EP20K60E 93 Notes (1), (2) 484 Pin 672 Pin 1,020 Pin 196 EP20K100 252 EP20K100E 93 246 EP20K160E 316 EP20K200 382 EP20K200E 376 376 EP20K300E 408 EP20K400 502 (3) EP20K400E 488 (3) EP20K600E 508 (3) 588 EP20K1000E 508 (3) 708 EP20K1500E 808 Notes to tables: (1) (2) (3) I/O counts include dedicated input and clock pins. APEX 20K device package types include thin quad flat pack (TQFP), plastic quad flat pack (PQFP), power quad flat pack (RQFP), 1.27-mm pitch ball-grid array (BGA), 1.00-mm pitch FineLine BGA, and pin-grid array (PGA) packages. This device uses a thermally enhanced package, which is taller than the regular package. Consult the Altera Device Package Information Data Sheet for detailed package size information. Table 6. APEX 20K QFP, BGA & PGA Package Sizes Feature 144-Pin TQFP 208-Pin QFP 240-Pin QFP 356-Pin BGA 652-Pin BGA 655-Pin PGA Pitch (mm) 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.27 1.27 – Area (mm2) 484 924 1,218 1,225 2,025 3,906 22 × 22 30.4 × 30.4 34.9 × 34.9 35 × 35 45 × 45 62.5 × 62.5 Length × Width (mm × mm) Table 7. APEX 20K FineLine BGA Package Sizes Feature 144 Pin 324 Pin 484 Pin 672 Pin Pitch (mm) 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 Area (mm2) 169 361 529 729 1,089 13 × 13 19 × 19 23 × 23 27 × 27 33 × 33 Length × Width (mm × mm) Altera Corporation 1,020 Pin 5 APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet General Description APEXTM 20K devices are the first PLDs designed with the MultiCore architecture, which combines the strengths of LUT-based and productterm-based devices with an enhanced memory structure. LUT-based logic provides optimized performance and efficiency for data-path, registerintensive, mathematical, or digital signal processing (DSP) designs. Product-term-based logic is optimized for complex combinatorial paths, such as complex state machines. LUT- and product-term-based logic combined with memory functions and a wide variety of MegaCore and AMPP functions make the APEX 20K device architecture uniquely suited for system-on-a-programmable-chip designs. Applications historically requiring a combination of LUT-, product-term-, and memory-based devices can now be integrated into one APEX 20K device. APEX 20KE devices are a superset of APEX 20K devices and include additional features such as advanced I/O standard support, CAM, additional global clocks, and enhanced ClockLock clock circuitry. In addition, APEX 20KE devices extend the APEX 20K family to 1.5 million gates. APEX 20KE devices are denoted with an “E” suffix in the device name (e.g., the EP20K1000E device is an APEX 20KE device). Table 8 compares the features included in APEX 20K and APEX 20KE devices. 6 Altera Corporation APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Table 8. Comparison of APEX 20K & APEX 20KE Features Feature APEX 20K Devices APEX 20KE Devices MultiCore system integration Full support Full support SignalTap logic analysis Full support Full support 32/64-Bit, 33-MHz PCI Full compliance in -1, -2 speed grades Full compliance in -1, -2 speed grades 32/64-Bit, 66-MHz PCI - Full compliance in -1 speed grade MultiVolt I/O 2.5-V or 3.3-V VCCIO VCCIO selected for device Certain devices are 5.0-V tolerant 1.8-V, 2.5-V, or 3.3-V VCCIO VCCIO selected block-by-block 5.0-V tolerant with use of external resistor ClockLock support Clock delay reduction 2× and 4× clock multiplication Clock delay reduction m /(n × v) or m /(n × k) clock multiplication Drive ClockLock output off-chip External clock feedback ClockShift LVDS support Up to four PLLs ClockShift, clock phase adjustment Dedicated clock and input pins Six Eight I/O standard support 2.5-V, 3.3-V, 5.0-V I/O 3.3-V PCI Low-voltage complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (LVCMOS) Low-voltage transistor-to-transistor logic (LVTTL) 1.8-V, 2.5-V, 3.3-V, 5.0-V I/O 2.5-V I/O 3.3-V PCI and PCI-X 3.3-V Advanced Graphics Port (AGP) Center tap terminated (CTT) GTL+ LVCMOS LVTTL True-LVDS and LVPECL data pins (in EP20K300E and larger devices) LVDS and LVPECL clock pins (in all devices) LVDS and LVPECL data pins up to 156 Mbps (in -1 speed grade devices) HSTL Class I PCI-X SSTL-2 Class I and II SSTL-3 Class I and II Memory support Dual-port RAM FIFO RAM ROM CAM Dual-port RAM FIFO RAM ROM Altera Corporation 7 APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet All APEX 20K devices are reconfigurable and are 100% tested prior to shipment. As a result, test vectors do not have to be generated for fault coverage purposes. Instead, the designer can focus on simulation and design verification. In addition, the designer does not need to manage inventories of different application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) designs; APEX 20K devices can be configured on the board for the specific functionality required. APEX 20K devices are configured at system power-up with data stored in an Altera serial configuration device or provided by a system controller. Altera offers in-system programmability (ISP)-capable EPC1, EPC2, and EPC16 configuration devices, which configure APEX 20K devices via a serial data stream. Moreover, APEX 20K devices contain an optimized interface that permits microprocessors to configure APEX 20K devices serially or in parallel, and synchronously or asynchronously. The interface also enables microprocessors to treat APEX 20K devices as memory and configure the device by writing to a virtual memory location, making reconfiguration easy. After an APEX 20K device has been configured, it can be reconfigured in-circuit by resetting the device and loading new data. Real-time changes can be made during system operation, enabling innovative reconfigurable computing applications. APEX 20K devices are supported by the Altera Quartus II development system, a single, integrated package that offers HDL and schematic design entry, compilation and logic synthesis, full simulation and worst-case timing analysis, SignalTap logic analysis, and device configuration. The Quartus II software runs on Windows-based PCs, Sun SPARCstations, and HP 9000 Series 700/800 workstations. The Quartus II software provides NativeLink interfaces to other industrystandard PC- and UNIX workstation-based EDA tools. For example, designers can invoke the Quartus II software from within third-party design tools. Further, the Quartus II software contains built-in optimized synthesis libraries; synthesis tools can use these libraries to optimize designs for APEX 20K devices. For example, the Synopsys Design Compiler library, supplied with the Quartus II development system, includes DesignWare functions optimized for the APEX 20K architecture. 8 Altera Corporation APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Functional Description APEX 20K devices incorporate LUT-based logic, product-term-based logic, and memory into one device. Signal interconnections within APEX 20K devices (as well as to and from device pins) are provided by the FastTrack Interconnect—a series of fast, continuous row and column channels that run the entire length and width of the device. Each I/O pin is fed by an I/O element (IOE) located at the end of each row and column of the FastTrack Interconnect. Each IOE contains a bidirectional I/O buffer and a register that can be used as either an input or output register to feed input, output, or bidirectional signals. When used with a dedicated clock pin, these registers provide exceptional performance. IOEs provide a variety of features, such as 3.3-V, 64-bit, 66-MHz PCI compliance; JTAG BST support; slew-rate control; and tri-state buffers. APEX 20KE devices offer enhanced I/O support, including support for 1.8-V I/O, 2.5-V I/O, LVCMOS, LVTTL, LVPECL, 3.3-V PCI, PCI-X, LVDS, GTL+, SSTL-2, SSTL-3, HSTL, CTT, and 3.3-V AGP I/O standards. The ESB can implement a variety of memory functions, including CAM, RAM, dual-port RAM, ROM, and FIFO functions. Embedding the memory directly into the die improves performance and reduces die area compared to distributed-RAM implementations. Moreover, the abundance of cascadable ESBs ensures that the APEX 20K device can implement multiple wide memory blocks for high-density designs. The ESB’s high speed ensures it can implement small memory blocks without any speed penalty. The abundance of ESBs ensures that designers can create as many different-sized memory blocks as the system requires. Figure 1 shows an overview of the APEX 20K device. Figure 1. APEX 20K Device Block Diagram Clock Management Circuitry Four-input LUT for data path and DSP functions. Product-term integration for high-speed control logic and state machines. FastTrack Interconnect IOE ClockLock IOE LUT LUT LUT LUT IOE Product Term Product Term Product Term Product Term Memory Memory Memory Memory IOE IOE LUT LUT LUT LUT Product Term Product Term Product Term Product Term Memory Memory Memory Memory IOE IOE IOE IOE Altera Corporation IOE LUT IOE IOEs support PCI, GTL+, SSTL-3, LVDS, and other standards. IOE Flexible integration of embedded memory, including CAM, RAM, ROM, FIFO, and other memory functions. 9 APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet APEX 20K devices provide two dedicated clock pins and four dedicated input pins that drive register control inputs. These signals ensure efficient distribution of high-speed, low-skew control signals. These signals use dedicated routing channels to provide short delays and low skews. Four of the dedicated inputs drive four global signals. These four global signals can also be driven by internal logic, providing an ideal solution for a clock divider or internally generated asynchronous clear signals with high fan-out. The dedicated clock pins featured on the APEX 20K devices can also feed logic. The devices also feature ClockLock and ClockBoost clock management circuitry. APEX 20KE devices provide two additional dedicated clock pins, for a total of four dedicated clock pins. MegaLAB Structure APEX 20K devices are constructed from a series of MegaLABTM structures. Each MegaLAB structure contains a group of logic array blocks (LABs), one ESB, and a MegaLAB interconnect, which routes signals within the MegaLAB structure. The EP20K30E device has 10 LABs, EP20K60E through EP20K600E devices have 16 LABs, and the EP20K1000E and EP20K1500E devices have 24 LABs. Signals are routed between MegaLAB structures and I/O pins via the FastTrack Interconnect. In addition, edge LABs can be driven by I/O pins through the local interconnect. Figure 2 shows the MegaLAB structure. Figure 2. MegaLAB Structure MegaLAB Interconnect To Adjacent LAB or IOEs LE1 LE2 LE3 LE4 LE5 LE6 LE7 LE8 LE9 LE10 Local Interconnect 10 LE1 LE2 LE3 LE4 LE5 LE6 LE7 LE8 LE9 LE10 LE1 LE2 LE3 LE4 LE5 LE6 LE7 LE8 LE9 LE10 ESB LABs Altera Corporation APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Logic Array Block Each LAB consists of 10 LEs, the LEs’ associated carry and cascade chains, LAB control signals, and the local interconnect. The local interconnect transfers signals between LEs in the same or adjacent LABs, IOEs, or ESBs. The Quartus II Compiler places associated logic within an LAB or adjacent LABs, allowing the use of a fast local interconnect for high performance. Figure 3 shows the APEX 20K LAB. APEX 20K devices use an interleaved LAB structure. This structure allows each LE to drive two local interconnect areas. This feature minimizes use of the MegaLAB and FastTrack interconnect, providing higher performance and flexibility. Each LE can drive 29 other LEs through the fast local interconnect. Figure 3. LAB Structure Row Interconnect MegaLAB Interconnect LEs drive local MegaLAB, row, and column interconnects. To/From Adjacent LAB, ESB, or IOEs To/From Adjacent LAB, ESB, or IOEs Local Interconnect Altera Corporation Column Interconnect The 10 LEs in the LAB are driven by two local interconnect areas. These LEs can drive two local interconnect areas. 11 APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Each LAB contains dedicated logic for driving control signals to its LEs and ESBs. The control signals include clock, clock enable, asynchronous clear, asynchronous preset, asynchronous load, synchronous clear, and synchronous load signals. A maximum of six control signals can be used at a time. Although synchronous load and clear signals are generally used when implementing counters, they can also be used with other functions. Each LAB can use two clocks and two clock enable signals. Each LAB’s clock and clock enable signals are linked (e.g., any LE in a particular LAB using CLK1 will also use CLKENA1). LEs with the same clock but different clock enable signals either use both clock signals in one LAB or are placed into separate LABs. If both the rising and falling edges of a clock are used in a LAB, both LABwide clock signals are used. The LAB-wide control signals can be generated from the LAB local interconnect, global signals, and dedicated clock pins. The inherent low skew of the FastTrack Interconnect enables it to be used for clock distribution. Figure 4 shows the LAB control signal generation circuit. Figure 4. LAB Control Signal Generation Dedicated Clocks 2 or 4 (1) Global Signals 4 Local Interconnect Local Interconnect Local Interconnect Local Interconnect SYNCLOAD or LABCLKENA2 SYNCCLR or LABCLK2 (3) LABCLKENA1 LABCLK1 LABCLR1 (2) LABCLR2 (2) Notes: (1) (2) (3) 12 APEX 20KE devices have four dedicated clocks. The LABCLR1 and LABCLR2 signals also control asynchronous load and asynchronous preset for LEs within the LAB. The SYNCCLR signal can be generated by the local interconnect or global signals. Altera Corporation APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Logic Element The LE, the smallest unit of logic in the APEX 20K architecture, is compact and provides efficient logic usage. Each LE contains a four-input LUT, which is a function generator that can quickly implement any function of four variables. In addition, each LE contains a programmable register and carry and cascade chains. Each LE drives the local interconnect, MegaLAB interconnect, and FastTrack Interconnect routing structures. See Figure 5. Figure 5. APEX 20K Logic Element Register Bypass Carry-In data1 data2 data3 data4 Look-Up Table (LUT) Carry Chain LAB-wide LAB-wide Synchronous Synchronous Load Clear Cascade-In Cascade Chain Synchronous Load & Clear Logic Packed Register Select Programmable Register D PRN Q To FastTrack Interconnect, MegaLAB Interconnect, or Local Interconnect ENA CLRN To FastTrack Interconnect, MegaLAB Interconnect, or Local Interconnect labclr1 labclr2 Chip-Wide Reset Asynchronous Clear/Preset/ Load Logic Clock & Clock Enable Select labclk1 labclk2 labclkena1 labclkena2 Carry-Out Cascade-Out Each LE’s programmable register can be configured for D, T, JK, or SR operation. The register’s clock and clear control signals can be driven by global signals, general-purpose I/O pins, or any internal logic. For combinatorial functions, the register is bypassed and the output of the LUT drives the outputs of the LE. Altera Corporation 13 APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Each LE has two outputs that drive the local, MegaLAB, or FastTrack Interconnect routing structure. Each output can be driven independently by the LUT’s or register’s output. For example, the LUT can drive one output while the register drives the other output. This feature, called register packing, improves device utilization because the register and the LUT can be used for unrelated functions. The LE can also drive out registered and unregistered versions of the LUT output. The APEX 20K architecture provides two types of dedicated high-speed data paths that connect adjacent LEs without using local interconnect paths: carry chains and cascade chains. A carry chain supports high-speed arithmetic functions such as counters and adders, while a cascade chain implements wide-input functions such as equality comparators with minimum delay. Carry and cascade chains connect LEs 1 through 10 in an LAB and all LABs in the same MegaLAB structure. Carry Chain The carry chain provides a very fast carry-forward function between LEs. The carry-in signal from a lower-order bit drives forward into the higherorder bit via the carry chain, and feeds into both the LUT and the next portion of the carry chain. This feature allows the APEX 20K architecture to implement high-speed counters, adders, and comparators of arbitrary width. Carry chain logic can be created automatically by the Quartus II software Compiler during design processing, or manually by the designer during design entry. Parameterized functions such as library of parameterized modules (LPM) and DesignWare functions automatically take advantage of carry chains for the appropriate functions. The Quartus II software Compiler creates carry chains longer than ten LEs by linking LABs together automatically. For enhanced fitting, a long carry chain skips alternate LABs in a MegaLAB structure. A carry chain longer than one LAB skips either from an even-numbered LAB to the next evennumbered LAB, or from an odd-numbered LAB to the next oddnumbered LAB. For example, the last LE of the first LAB in the upper-left MegaLAB structure carries to the first LE of the third LAB in the MegaLAB structure. Figure 6 shows how an n-bit full adder can be implemented in n + 1 LEs with the carry chain. One portion of the LUT generates the sum of two bits using the input signals and the carry-in signal; the sum is routed to the output of the LE. The register can be bypassed for simple adders or used for accumulator functions. Another portion of the LUT and the carry chain logic generates the carry-out signal, which is routed directly to the carryin signal of the next-higher-order bit. The final carry-out signal is routed to an LE, where it is driven onto the local, MegaLAB, or FastTrack Interconnect routing structures. 14 Altera Corporation APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Figure 6. APEX 20K Carry Chain Carry-In a1 b1 LUT s1 Register Carry Chain LE1 a2 b2 LUT s2 Register Carry Chain LE2 an bn LUT sn Register Carry Chain LEn LUT Register Carry-Out Carry Chain LEn + 1 Altera Corporation 15 APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Cascade Chain With the cascade chain, the APEX 20K architecture can implement functions with a very wide fan-in. Adjacent LUTs can compute portions of a function in parallel; the cascade chain serially connects the intermediate values. The cascade chain can use a logical AND or logical OR (via De Morgan’s inversion) to connect the outputs of adjacent LEs. Each additional LE provides four more inputs to the effective width of a function, with a short cascade delay. Cascade chain logic can be created automatically by the Quartus II software Compiler during design processing, or manually by the designer during design entry. Cascade chains longer than ten LEs are implemented automatically by linking LABs together. For enhanced fitting, a long cascade chain skips alternate LABs in a MegaLAB structure. A cascade chain longer than one LAB skips either from an even-numbered LAB to the next even-numbered LAB, or from an odd-numbered LAB to the next odd-numbered LAB. For example, the last LE of the first LAB in the upper-left MegaLAB structure carries to the first LE of the third LAB in the MegaLAB structure. Figure 7 shows how the cascade function can connect adjacent LEs to form functions with a wide fan-in. Figure 7. APEX 20K Cascade Chain AND Cascade Chain d[3..0] OR Cascade Chain d[3..0] LUT LUT LE1 d[7..4] LE1 d[7..4] LUT LUT LE2 d[(4n – 1)..(4n – 4)] d[(4n – 1)..(4n – 4)] LUT LEn 16 LE2 LUT LEn Altera Corporation APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet LE Operating Modes The APEX 20K LE can operate in one of the following three modes: ■ ■ ■ Normal mode Arithmetic mode Counter mode Each mode uses LE resources differently. In each mode, seven available inputs to the LE—the four data inputs from the LAB local interconnect, the feedback from the programmable register, and the carry-in and cascade-in from the previous LE—are directed to different destinations to implement the desired logic function. LAB-wide signals provide clock, asynchronous clear, asynchronous preset, asynchronous load, synchronous clear, synchronous load, and clock enable control for the register. These LAB-wide signals are available in all LE modes. The Quartus II software, in conjunction with parameterized functions such as LPM and DesignWare functions, automatically chooses the appropriate mode for common functions such as counters, adders, and multipliers. If required, the designer can also create special-purpose functions that specify which LE operating mode to use for optimal performance. Figure 8 shows the LE operating modes. Altera Corporation 17 APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Figure 8. APEX 20K LE Operating Modes LAB-Wide Clock Enable (2) Normal Mode (1) Carry-In (3) Cascade-In LE-Out data1 data2 4-Input LUT data3 D PRN Q LE-Out ENA CLRN data4 Cascade-Out LAB-Wide Clock Enable (2) Arithmetic Mode Cascade-In Carry-In LE-Out data1 data2 D 3-Input LUT PRN Q LE-Out ENA CLRN 3-Input LUT Cascade-Out Carry-Out Counter Mode LAB-Wide Synchronous Clear (6) Cascade-In Carry-In LAB-Wide Synchronous Load (6) LAB-Wide Clock Enable (2) (4) data1 (5) data2 (5) LE-Out 3-Input LUT D PRN Q LE-Out data3 (data) ENA CLRN 3-Input LUT Carry-Out Cascade-Out Notes: (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) LEs in normal mode support register packing. There are two LAB-wide clock enables per LAB. When using the carry-in in normal mode, the packed register feature is unavailable. A register feedback multiplexer is available on LE1 of each LAB. The DATA1 and DATA2 input signals can supply counter enable, up or down control, or register feedback signals for LEs other than the second LE in an LAB. The LAB-wide synchronous clear and LAB wide synchronous load affect all registers in an LAB. 18 Altera Corporation APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Normal Mode The normal mode is suitable for general logic applications, combinatorial functions, or wide decoding functions that can take advantage of a cascade chain. In normal mode, four data inputs from the LAB local interconnect and the carry-in are inputs to a four-input LUT. The Quartus II software Compiler automatically selects the carry-in or the DATA3 signal as one of the inputs to the LUT. The LUT output can be combined with the cascade-in signal to form a cascade chain through the cascade-out signal. LEs in normal mode support packed registers. Arithmetic Mode The arithmetic mode is ideal for implementing adders, accumulators, and comparators. An LE in arithmetic mode uses two 3-input LUTs. One LUT computes a three-input function; the other generates a carry output. As shown in Figure 8, the first LUT uses the carry-in signal and two data inputs from the LAB local interconnect to generate a combinatorial or registered output. For example, when implementing an adder, this output is the sum of three signals: DATA1, DATA2, and carry-in. The second LUT uses the same three signals to generate a carry-out signal, thereby creating a carry chain. The arithmetic mode also supports simultaneous use of the cascade chain. LEs in arithmetic mode can drive out registered and unregistered versions of the LUT output. The Quartus II software implements parameterized functions that use the arithmetic mode automatically where appropriate; the designer does not need to specify how the carry chain will be used. Counter Mode The counter mode offers clock enable, counter enable, synchronous up/down control, synchronous clear, and synchronous load options. The counter enable and synchronous up/down control signals are generated from the data inputs of the LAB local interconnect. The synchronous clear and synchronous load options are LAB-wide signals that affect all registers in the LAB. Consequently, if any of the LEs in an LAB use the counter mode, other LEs in that LAB must be used as part of the same counter or be used for a combinatorial function. The Quartus II software automatically places any registers that are not used by the counter into other LABs. Altera Corporation 19 APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet The counter mode uses two three-input LUTs: one generates the counter data, and the other generates the fast carry bit. A 2-to-1 multiplexer provides synchronous loading, and another AND gate provides synchronous clearing. If the cascade function is used by an LE in counter mode, the synchronous clear or load overrides any signal carried on the cascade chain. The synchronous clear overrides the synchronous load. LEs in arithmetic mode can drive out registered and unregistered versions of the LUT output. Clear & Preset Logic Control Logic for the register’s clear and preset signals is controlled by LAB-wide signals. The LE directly supports an asynchronous clear function. The Quartus II software Compiler can use a NOT-gate push-back technique to emulate an asynchronous preset. Moreover, the Quartus II software Compiler can use a programmable NOT-gate push-back technique to emulate simultaneous preset and clear or asynchronous load. However, this technique uses three additional LEs per register. All emulation is performed automatically when the design is compiled. Registers that emulate simultaneous preset and load will enter an unknown state upon power-up or when the chip-wide reset is asserted. In addition to the two clear and preset modes, APEX 20K devices provide a chip-wide reset pin (DEV_CLRn) that resets all registers in the device. Use of this pin is controlled through an option in the Quartus II software that is set before compilation. The chip-wide reset overrides all other control signals. Registers using an asynchronous preset are preset when the chip-wide reset is asserted; this effect results from the inversion technique used to implement the asynchronous preset. FastTrack Interconnect In the APEX 20K architecture, connections between LEs, ESBs, and I/O pins are provided by the FastTrack Interconnect. The FastTrack Interconnect is a series of continuous horizontal and vertical routing channels that traverse the device. This global routing structure provides predictable performance, even in complex designs. In contrast, the segmented routing in FPGAs requires switch matrices to connect a variable number of routing paths, increasing the delays between logic resources and reducing performance. The FastTrack Interconnect consists of row and column interconnect channels that span the entire device. The row interconnect routes signals throughout a row of MegaLAB structures; the column interconnect routes signals throughout a column of MegaLAB structures. When using the row and column interconnect, an LE, IOE, or ESB can drive any other LE, IOE, or ESB in a device. See Figure 9. 20 Altera Corporation APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Figure 9. APEX 20K Interconnect Structure Row Interconnect I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O MegaLAB MegaLAB MegaLAB MegaLAB I/O MegaLAB MegaLAB MegaLAB MegaLAB I/O Column Interconnect I/O Column Interconnect MegaLAB MegaLAB I/O MegaLAB I/O I/O MegaLAB I/O I/O A row line can be driven directly by LEs, IOEs, or ESBs in that row. Further, a column line can drive a row line, allowing an LE, IOE, or ESB to drive elements in a different row via the column and row interconnect. The row interconnect drives the MegaLAB interconnect to drive LEs, IOEs, or ESBs in a particular MegaLAB structure. A column line can be directly driven by LEs, IOEs, or ESBs in that column. A column line on a device’s left or right edge can also be driven by row IOEs. The column line is used to route signals from one row to another. A column line can drive a row line; it can also drive the MegaLAB interconnect directly, allowing faster connections between rows. Figure 10 shows how the FastTrack Interconnect uses the local interconnect to drive LEs within MegaLAB structures. Altera Corporation 21 APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Figure 10. FastTrack Connection to Local Interconnect I/O Row I/O L E A S B B L L A A B B E L L S A A B B B L A B MegaLAB MegaLAB Row & Column Interconnect Drives MegaLAB Interconnect Column Row MegaLAB Interconnect MegaLAB Interconnect Drives Local Interconnect Column L A B 22 L A B L A B E S B Altera Corporation APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Figure 11 shows the intersection of a row and column interconnect, and how these forms of interconnects and LEs drive each other. Figure 11. Driving the FastTrack Interconnect Row Interconnect MegaLAB Interconnect Column Interconnect LE Local Interconnect APEX 20KE devices include an enhanced interconnect structure for faster routing of input signals with high fan-out. Column I/O pins can drive the FastRow interconnect, which routes signals directly into the local interconnect without having to drive through the MegaLAB interconnect. FastRow lines traverse two MegaLAB structures. Also, these pins can drive the local interconnect directly for fast setup times. On EP20K300E and larger devices, the FastRow interconnect drives the two MegaLABs in the top left corner and the two MegaLABs in the bottom right corner. On EP20K200E and smaller devices, FastRow interconnect drives the two MegaLABs on the top and the two MegaLABs on the bottom of the device. On all devices, the FastRow interconnect drives all local interconnect in the appropriate MegaLABs except the interconnect areas on the far left and far right of the MegaLAB. Pins using the FastRow interconnect achieve a faster set-up time, as the signal does not need to use a MegaLab interconnect line to reach the destination LE. Figure 12 shows the FastRow interconnect. Altera Corporation 23 APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Figure 12. APEX 20KE FastRow Interconnect FastRow Interconnect IOE IOE FastRow Interconnect Drives Local Interconnect in Two MegaLAB Structures IOE IOE Select Vertical I/O Pins Drive Local Interconnect and FastRow Interconnect Local Interconnect LEs MegaLAB LABs MegaLAB Table 9 summarizes how various elements of the APEX 20K architecture drive each other. 24 Altera Corporation APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Table 9. APEX 20K Routing Scheme Source Destination Row Column I/O Pin I/O Pin LE ESB Local MegaLAB Interconnect Interconnect v Row I/O Pin v Row Column FastRow FastTrack FastTrack Interconnect Interconnect Interconnect v v v Column I/O Pin LE v v v v ESB v v v v Local Interconnect v MegaLAB Interconnect v v v v Row FastTrack Interconnect v Column FastTrack Interconnect v FastRow Interconnect v (1) v v v (1) Note: (1) This connection is supported in APEX 20KE devices only. Product-Term Logic The product-term portion of the MultiCore architecture is implemented with the ESB. The ESB can be configured to act as a block of macrocells on an ESB-by-ESB basis. Each ESB is fed by 32 inputs from the adjacent local interconnect; therefore, it can be driven by the MegaLAB interconnect or the adjacent LAB. Also, nine ESB macrocells feed back into the ESB through the local interconnect for higher performance. Dedicated clock pins, global signals, and additional inputs from the local interconnect drive the ESB control signals. In product-term mode, each ESB contains 16 macrocells. Each macrocell consists of two product terms and a programmable register. Figure 13 shows the ESB in product-term mode. Altera Corporation 25 APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Figure 13. Product-Term Logic in ESB Dedicated Clocks Global Signals MegaLAB Interconnect 4 2 or 4 (1) 65 9 32 From Adjacent LAB 2 2 2 Macrocell Inputs (1-16) CLK[1..0] 16 To Row and Column Interconnect ENA[1..0] CLRN[1..0] Local Interconnect Note: (1) APEX 20KE devices have four dedicated clocks. Macrocells APEX 20K macrocells can be configured individually for either sequential or combinatorial logic operation. The macrocell consists of three functional blocks: the logic array, the product-term select matrix, and the programmable register. Combinatorial logic is implemented in the product terms. The productterm select matrix allocates these product terms for use as either primary logic inputs (to the OR and XOR gates) to implement combinatorial functions, or as parallel expanders to be used to increase the logic available to another macrocell. One product term can be inverted; the Quartus II software uses this feature to perform DeMorgan’s inversion for more efficient implementation of wide OR functions. The Quartus II software Compiler can use a NOT-gate push-back technique to emulate an asynchronous preset. Figure 14 shows the APEX 20K macrocell. 26 Altera Corporation APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Figure 14. APEX 20K Macrocell ESB-Wide ESB-Wide ESB-Wide Clears Clock Enables Clocks 2 2 2 Parallel Logic Expanders (From Other Macrocells) ProductTerm Select Matrix Programmable Register D Clock/ Enable Select Q ESB Output ENA CLRN 32 Signals from Local Interconnect Clear Select For registered functions, each macrocell register can be programmed individually to implement D, T, JK, or SR operation with programmable clock control. The register can be bypassed for combinatorial operation. During design entry, the designer specifies the desired register type; the Quartus II software then selects the most efficient register operation for each registered function to optimize resource utilization. The Quartus II software or other synthesis tools can also select the most efficient register operation automatically when synthesizing HDL designs. Each programmable register can be clocked by one of two ESB-wide clocks. The ESB-wide clocks can be generated from device dedicated clock pins, global signals, or local interconnect. Each clock also has an associated clock enable, generated from the local interconnect. The clock and clock enable signals are related for a particular ESB; any macrocell using a clock also uses the associated clock enable. If both the rising and falling edges of a clock are used in an ESB, both ESB-wide clock signals are used. Altera Corporation 27 APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet The programmable register also supports an asynchronous clear function. Within the ESB, two asynchronous clears are generated from global signals and the local interconnect. Each macrocell can either choose between the two asynchronous clear signals or choose to not be cleared. Either of the two clear signals can be inverted within the ESB. Figure 15 shows the ESB control logic when implementing product-terms. Figure 15. ESB Product-Term Mode Control Logic Dedicated Clocks 2 or 4 (1) Global Signals 4 Local Interconnect Local Interconnect Local Interconnect Local Interconnect CLK2 CLKENA2 CLK1 CLKENA1 CLR2 CLR1 Note: (1) APEX 20KE devices have four dedicated clocks. Parallel Expanders Parallel expanders are unused product terms that can be allocated to a neighboring macrocell to implement fast, complex logic functions. Parallel expanders allow up to 32 product terms to feed the macrocell OR logic directly, with two product terms provided by the macrocell and 30 parallel expanders provided by the neighboring macrocells in the ESB. The Quartus II software Compiler can allocate up to 15 sets of up to two parallel expanders per set to the macrocells automatically. Each set of two parallel expanders incurs a small, incremental timing delay. Figure 16 shows the APEX 20K parallel expanders. 28 Altera Corporation APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Figure 16. APEX 20K Parallel Expanders From Previous Macrocell ProductTerm Select Matrix Macrocell ProductTerm Logic Parallel Expander Switch ProductTerm Select Matrix Macrocell ProductTerm Logic Parallel Expander Switch 32 Signals from Local Interconnect Embedded System Block To Next Macrocell The ESB can implement various types of memory blocks, including dual-port RAM, ROM, FIFO, and CAM blocks. The ESB includes input and output registers; the input registers synchronize writes, and the output registers can pipeline designs to improve system performance. The ESB offers a dual-port mode, which supports simultaneous reads and writes at two different clock frequencies. Figure 17 shows the ESB block diagram. Figure 17. ESB Block Diagram wraddress[] data[] wren inclock inclocken inaclr Altera Corporation rdaddress[] q[] rden outclock outclocken outaclr 29 APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet ESBs can implement synchronous RAM, which is easier to use than asynchronous RAM. A circuit using asynchronous RAM must generate the RAM write enable (WE) signal, while ensuring that its data and address signals meet setup and hold time specifications relative to the WE signal. In contrast, the ESB’s synchronous RAM generates its own WE signal and is self-timed with respect to the global clock. Circuits using the ESB’s selftimed RAM must only meet the setup and hold time specifications of the global clock. ESB inputs are driven by the adjacent local interconnect, which in turn can be driven by the MegaLAB or FastTrack Interconnect. Because the ESB can be driven by the local interconnect, an adjacent LE can drive it directly for fast memory access. ESB outputs drive the MegaLAB and FastTrack Interconnect. In addition, ten ESB outputs, nine of which are unique output lines, drive the local interconnect for fast connection to adjacent LEs or for fast feedback product-term logic. When implementing memory, each ESB can be configured in any of the following sizes: 128 × 16, 256 × 8, 512 × 4, 1,024 × 2, or 2,048 × 1. By combining multiple ESBs, the Quartus II software implements larger memory blocks automatically. For example, two 128 × 16 RAM blocks can be combined to form a 128 × 32 RAM block, and two 512 × 4 RAM blocks can be combined to form a 512 × 8 RAM block. Memory performance does not degrade for memory blocks up to 2,048 words deep. Each ESB can implement a 2,048-word-deep memory; the ESBs are used in parallel, eliminating the need for any external control logic and its associated delays. To create a high-speed memory block that is more than 2,048 words deep, ESBs drive tri-state lines. Each tri-state line connects all ESBs in a column of MegaLAB structures, and drives the MegaLAB interconnect and row and column FastTrack Interconnect throughout the column. Each ESB incorporates a programmable decoder to activate the tri-state driver appropriately. For instance, to implement 8,192-word-deep memory, four ESBs are used. Eleven address lines drive the ESB memory, and two more drive the tri-state decoder. Depending on which 2,048-word memory page is selected, the appropriate ESB driver is turned on, driving the output to the tri-state line. The Quartus II software automatically combines ESBs with tri-state lines to form deeper memory blocks. The internal tri-state control logic is designed to avoid internal contention and floating lines. See Figure 18. 30 Altera Corporation APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Figure 18. Deep Memory Block Implemented with Multiple ESBs Address Decoder ESB to System Logic ESB ESB The ESB implements two forms of dual-port memory: read/write clock mode and input/output clock mode. The ESB can also be used for bidirectional, dual-port memory applications in which two ports read or write simultaneously. To implement this type of dual-port memory, two or four ESBs are used to support two simultaneous reads or writes. This functionality is shown in Figure 19. Figure 19. APEX 20K ESB Implementing Dual-Port RAM Port A Port B address_a[] address_b[] data_a[] we_a clkena_a Clock A Altera Corporation data_b[] we_b clkena_b Clock B 31 APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Read/Write Clock Mode The read/write clock mode contains two clocks. One clock controls all registers associated with writing: data input, WE, and write address. The other clock controls all registers associated with reading: read enable (RE), read address, and data output. The ESB also supports clock enable and asynchronous clear signals; these signals also control the read and write registers independently. Read/write clock mode is commonly used for applications where reads and writes occur at different system frequencies. Figure 20 shows the ESB in read/write clock mode. Figure 20. ESB in Read/Write Clock Mode Note (1) Dedicated Inputs & Global Signals Dedicated Clocks 2 or 4 (2) RAM/ROM 128 × 16 256 × 8 512 × 4 Data In 1,024 × 2 2,048 × 1 4 data[ ] D Q ENA Data Out D ENA rdaddress[ ] Q to MegaLAB, FastTrack & Local Interconnect Read Address D Q ENA Write Address wraddress[ ] D rden Q ENA Read Enable wren D Q ENA outclken Write Enable inclken D inclock ENA Q Write Pulse Generator outclock Notes: (1) (2) All registers can be cleared asynchronously by ESB local interconnect signals, global signals, or the chip-wide reset. APEX 20KE devices have four dedicated clocks. 32 Altera Corporation APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Input/Output Clock Mode The input/output clock mode contains two clocks. One clock controls all registers for inputs into the ESB: data input, WE, RE, read address, and write address. The other clock controls the ESB data output registers. The ESB also supports clock enable and asynchronous clear signals; these signals also control the reading and writing of registers independently. Input/output clock mode is commonly used for applications where the reads and writes occur at the same system frequency, but require different clock enable signals for the input and output registers. Figure 21 shows the ESB in input/output clock mode. Figure 21. ESB in Input/Output Clock Mode Notes (1), (2) Dedicated Inputs & Global Signals Dedicated Clocks 2 or 4 (2) RAM/ROM 128 × 16 256 × 8 512 × 4 Data In 1,024 × 2 2,048 × 1 4 data[ ] D Q ENA Data Out D ENA rdaddress[ ] Q to MegaLAB, FastTrack & Local Interconnect Read Address D Q ENA Write Address wraddress[ ] D rden Q ENA Read Enable wren D Q ENA outclken Write Enable inclken D inclock ENA Q Write Pulse Generator outclock Notes: (1) (2) All registers can be cleared asynchronously by ESB local interconnect signals, global signals, or the chip-wide reset. APEX 20KE devices have four dedicated clocks. Altera Corporation 33 APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Single-Port Mode The APEX 20K ESB also supports a single-port mode, which is used when simultaneous reads and writes are not required. See Figure 22. Figure 22. ESB in Single-Port Mode Note (1) Dedicated Inputs & Global Signals Dedicated Clocks 2 or 4 (2) RAM/ROM 128 × 16 256 × 8 512 × 4 Data In 1,024 × 2 2,048 × 1 4 data[ ] D Q ENA Data Out D ENA address[ ] Q to MegaLAB, FastTrack & Local Interconnect Address D Q ENA wren outclken Write Enable inclken D inclock ENA Q Write Pulse Generator outclock Notes: (1) (2) All registers can be asynchronously cleared by ESB local interconnect signals, global signals, or the chip-wide reset. APEX 20KE devices have four dedicated clocks. Content-Addressable Memory In APEX 20KE devices, the ESB can implement CAM. CAM can be thought of as the inverse of RAM. When read, RAM outputs the data for a given address. Conversely, CAM outputs an address for a given data word. For example, if the data FA12 is stored in address 14, the CAM outputs 14 when FA12 is driven into it. CAM is used for high-speed search operations. When searching for data within a RAM block, the search is performed serially. Thus, finding a particular data word can take many cycles. CAM searches all addresses in parallel and outputs the address storing a particular word. When a match is found, a match flag is set high. Figure 23 shows the CAM block diagram. 34 Altera Corporation APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Figure 23. APEX 20KE CAM Block Diagram wraddress[] data[] wren inclock inclocken inaclr data_address[] match outclock outclocken outaclr CAM can be used in any application requiring high-speed searches, such as networking, communications, data compression, and cache management. The APEX 20KE on-chip CAM provides faster system performance than traditional discrete CAM. Integrating CAM and logic into the APEX 20KE device eliminates off-chip and on-chip delays, improving system performance. When in CAM mode, the ESB implements 32-word, 32-bit CAM. Wider or deeper CAM can be implemented by combining multiple CAMs with some ancillary logic implemented in LEs. The Quartus II software combines ESBs and LEs automatically to create larger CAMs. CAM supports writing “don’t care” bits into words of the memory. The “don’t-care” bit can be used as a mask for CAM comparisons; any bit set to “don’t-care” has no effect on matches. The output of the CAM can be encoded or unencoded. When encoded, the ESB outputs an encoded address of the data’s location. For instance, if the data is located in address 12, the ESB output is 12. When unencoded, the ESB uses its 16 outputs to show the location of the data over two clock cycles. In this case, if the data is located in address 12, the 12th output line goes high. When using unencoded outputs, two clock cycles are required to read the output because a 16-bit output bus is used to show the status of 32 words. The encoded output is better suited for designs that ensure duplicate data is not written into the CAM. If duplicate data is written into two locations, the CAM’s output will be incorrect. If the CAM may contain duplicate data, the unencoded output is a better solution; CAM with unencoded outputs can distinguish multiple data locations. CAM can be pre-loaded with data during configuration, or it can be written during system operation. In most cases, two clock cycles are required to write each word into CAM. When “don’t-care” bits are used, a third clock cycle is required. Altera Corporation 35 APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet f For more information on APEX 20KE devices and CAM, see Application Note 119 (Implementing High-Speed Search Applications with APEX CAM). Driving Signals to the ESB ESBs provide flexible options for driving control signals. Different clocks can be used for the ESB inputs and outputs. Registers can be inserted independently on the data input, data output, read address, write address, WE, and RE signals. The global signals and the local interconnect can drive the WE and RE signals. The global signals, dedicated clock pins, and local interconnect can drive the ESB clock signals. Because the LEs drive the local interconnect, the LEs can control the WE and RE signals and the ESB clock, clock enable, and asynchronous clear signals. Figure 24 shows the ESB control signal generation logic. Figure 24. ESB Control Signal Generation Dedicated Clocks 2 or 4 (1) Global Signals 4 Local Interconnect Local Interconnect Local Interconnect Local Interconnect Local Interconnect Local Interconnect INCLKENA RDEN WREN INCLOCK OUTCLKENA OUTCLOCK INCLR OUTCLR Note: (1) APEX 20KE devices have four dedicated clocks. An ESB is fed by the local interconnect, which is driven by adjacent LEs (for high-speed connection to the ESB) or the MegaLAB interconnect. The ESB can drive the local, MegaLAB, or FastTrack Interconnect routing structure to drive LEs and IOEs in the same MegaLAB structure or anywhere in the device. 36 Altera Corporation APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Implementing Logic in ROM In addition to implementing logic with product terms, the ESB can implement logic functions when it is programmed with a read-only pattern during configuration, creating a large LUT. With LUTs, combinatorial functions are implemented by looking up the results, rather than by computing them. This implementation of combinatorial functions can be faster than using algorithms implemented in general logic, a performance advantage that is further enhanced by the fast access times of ESBs. The large capacity of ESBs enables designers to implement complex functions in one logic level without the routing delays associated with linked LEs or distributed RAM blocks. Parameterized functions such as LPM functions can take advantage of the ESB automatically. Further, the Quartus II software can implement portions of a design with ESBs where appropriate. Programmable Speed/Power Control APEX 20K ESBs offer a high-speed mode that supports very fast operation on an ESB-by-ESB basis. When high speed is not required, this feature can be turned off to reduce the ESB’s power dissipation by up to 50%. ESBs that run at low power incur a nominal timing delay adder. This Turbo BitTM option is available for ESBs that implement product-term logic or memory functions. An ESB that is not used will be powered down so that it does not consume DC current. Designers can program each ESB in the APEX 20K device for either high-speed or low-power operation. As a result, speed-critical paths in the design can run at high speed, while the remaining paths operate at reduced power. I/O Structure The APEX 20K IOE contains a bidirectional I/O buffer and a register that can be used either as an input register for external data requiring fast setup times, or as an output register for data requiring fast clock-to-output performance. IOEs can be used as input, output, or bidirectional pins. For fast bidirectional I/O timing, LE registers using local routing can improve setup times and OE timing. The Quartus II software Compiler uses the programmable inversion option to invert signals from the row and column interconnect automatically where appropriate. Because the APEX 20K IOE offers one output enable per pin, the Quartus II software Compiler can emulate open-drain operation efficiently. The APEX 20K IOE includes programmable delays that can be activated to ensure zero hold times, minimum clock-to-output times, input IOE register-to-core register transfers, or core-to-output IOE register transfers. A path in which a pin directly drives a register may require the delay to ensure zero hold time, whereas a path in which a pin drives a register through combinatorial logic may not require the delay. Altera Corporation 37 APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Table 10 describes the APEX 20K programmable delays and their logic options in the Quartus II software. Table 10. APEX 20K Programmable Delay Chains Programmable Delays Quartus II Logic Option Input pin to core delay Decrease input delay to internal cells Input pin to input register delay Decrease input delay to input register Core to output register delay Decrease input delay to output register Output register tCO delay Increase delay to output pin The Quartus II software Compiler can program these delays automatically to minimize setup time while providing a zero hold time. Figure 25 shows how fast bidirectional I/Os are implemented in APEX 20K devices. The register in the APEX 20K IOE can be programmed to power-up high or low after configuration is complete. If it is programmed to power-up low, an asynchronous clear can control the register. If it is programmed to power-up high, the register cannot be asynchronously cleared or preset. This feature is useful for cases where the APEX 20K device controls an active-low input or another device; it prevents inadvertent activation of the input upon power-up. 38 Altera Corporation APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Figure 25. APEX 20K Bidirectional I/O Registers Row, Column, or Local Interconnect Note (1) 2 Dedicated Clock Inputs 4 Dedicated Inputs Peripheral Control Bus OE Register D Q ENA CLRN VCC Chip-Wide Reset VCC Chip-Wide Output Enable OE[7..0] VCCIO Optional PCI Clamp Input Pin to Core Delay 12 2 VCC Core to Output Register Delay Output Register D Q Open-Drain Output Input Pin to Input Register Delay ENA CLRN CLK[1..0] Output Register t CODelay Slew-Rate Control CLK[3..2] VCC ENA[5..0] VCC CLRn[1..0] Chip-Wide Reset Input Register D Q VCC ENA CLRN VCC Chip-Wide Reset Note: (1) The output enable and input registers are LE registers in the LAB adjacent to the bidirectional pin. Altera Corporation 39 APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet APEX 20KE devices include an enhanced IOE, which drives the FastRow interconnect. The FastRow interconnect connects a column I/O pin directly to the LAB local interconnect within two MegaLAB structures. This feature provides fast setup times for pins that drive high fan-outs with complex logic, such as PCI designs. For fast bidirectional I/O timing, LE registers using local routing can improve setup times and OE timing. The APEX 20KE IOE also includes direct support for open-drain operation, giving faster clock-to-output for open-drain signals. Some programmable delays in the APEX 20KE IOE offer multiple levels of delay to fine-tune setup and hold time requirements. The Quartus II software Compiler can set these delays automatically to minimize setup time while providing a zero hold time. Table 11 describes the APEX 20KE programmable delays and their logic options in the Quartus II software. Table 11. APEX 20KE Programmable Delay Chains Programmable Delays Input Pin to Core Delay Quartus II Logic Option Decrease input delay to internal cells Input Pin to Input Register Delay Decrease input delay to input registers Core to Output Register Delay Decrease input delay to output register Output Register tCO Delay Increase delay to output pin Clock Enable Delay Increase clock enable delay The register in the APEX 20KE IOE can be programmed to power-up high or low after configuration is complete. If it is programmed to power-up low, an asynchronous clear can control the register. If it is programmed to power-up high, an asynchronous preset can control the register. Figure 26 shows how fast bidirectional I/O pins are implemented in APEX 20KE devices. This feature is useful for cases where the APEX 20KE device controls an active-low input or another device; it prevents inadvertent activation of the input upon power-up. 40 Altera Corporation APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Figure 26. APEX 20KE Bidirectional I/O Registers Notes (1), (2) Row, Column, FastRow, 4 Dedicated or Local Interconnect Clock Inputs 4 Dedicated Inputs Peripheral Control Bus OE Register D Q ENA CLRN VCC Chip-Wide Reset VCC Chip-Wide Output Enable OE[7..0] VCCIO Input Pin to Core Delay (1) Optional PCI Clamp Input Pin to Core Delay (1) 12 4 VCC Core to Output Register Delay Output Register Input Pin to Input Register Delay CLK[1..0] D Q Output Register t CO Delay Open-Drain Output ENA CLRN/ PRN Slew-Rate Control CLK[3..0] VCC ENA[5..0] Clock Enable Delay (1) VCC CLRn[1..0] Chip-Wide Reset Input Register D Input Pin to Core Delay (1) Q VCC ENA CLRN VCC Chip-Wide Reset Notes: (1) (2) This programmable delay has four settings: off and three levels of delay. The output enable and input registers are LE registers in the LAB adjacent to the bidirectional pin. Altera Corporation 41 APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Each IOE drives a row, column, MegaLAB, or local interconnect when used as an input or bidirectional pin. A row IOE can drive a local, MegaLAB, row, and column interconnect; a column IOE can drive the column interconnect. Figure 27 shows how a row IOE connects to the interconnect. Figure 27. Row IOE Connection to the Interconnect Row Interconnect Any LE can drive a pin through the row, column, and MegaLAB interconnect. MegaLAB Interconnect IOE LAB Each IOE can drive local, MegaLAB, row, and column interconnect. Each IOE data and OE signal is driven by the local interconnect. IOE An LE can drive a pin through the local interconnect for faster clock-to-output times. 42 Altera Corporation APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Figure 28 shows how a column IOE connects to the interconnect. Figure 28. Column IOE Connection to the Interconnect Each IOE can drive column interconnect. In APEX 20KE devices, IOEs can also drive FastRow interconnect. Each IOE data and OE signal is driven by local interconnect. IOE IOE An LE or ESB can drive a pin through a local interconnect for faster clock-to-output times. LAB Any LE or ESB can drive a column pin through a row, column, and MegaLAB interconnect. Row Interconnect Column Interconnect MegaLAB Interconnect Dedicated Fast I/O Pins APEX 20KE devices incorporate an enhancement to support bidirectional pins with high internal fanout such as PCI control signals. These pins are called Dedicated Fast I/O pins (FAST1, FAST2, FAST3, and FAST4) and replace dedicated inputs. These pins can be used for fast clock, clear, or high fanout logic signal distribution. They also can drive out. The Dedicated Fast I/O pin data output and tri-state control are driven by local interconnect from the adjacent MegaLAB for high speed. Altera Corporation 43 APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Advanced I/O Standard Support APEX 20KE IOEs support the following I/O standards: LVTTL, LVCMOS, 1.8-V I/O, 2.5-V I/O, 3.3-V PCI, PCI-X, 3.3-V AGP, LVDS, LVPECL, GTL+, CTT, HSTL Class I, SSTL-3 Class I and II, and SSTL-2 Class I and II. f For more information on I/O standards supported by APEX 20KE devices, see Application Note 117 (Using Selectable I/O Standards in Altera Devices). The APEX 20KE device contains eight I/O banks. In QFP packages, the banks are linked to form four I/O banks. The I/O banks directly support all standards except LVDS and LVPECL. All I/O banks can support LVDS and LVPECL with the addition of external resistors. In addition, one block within a bank contains circuitry to support high-speed True-LVDS and LVPECL inputs, and another block within a particular bank supports high-speed True-LVDS and LVPECL outputs. The LVDS blocks support all of the I/O standards. Each I/O bank has its own VCCIO pins. A single device can support 1.8-V, 2.5-V, and 3.3-V interfaces; each bank can support a different standard independently. Each bank can also use a separate VREF level so that each bank can support any of the terminated standards (such as SSTL-3) independently. Within a bank, any one of the terminated standards can be supported. EP20K300E and larger APEX 20KE devices support the LVDS interface for data pins (smaller devices support LVDS clock pins, but not data pins). All EP20K300E and larger devices support the LVDS interface for data pins up to 155 Mbit per channel; EP20K400E devices and larger with an X-suffix on the ordering code add a serializer/deserializer circuit and PLL for higher-speed support. Each bank can support multiple standards with the same VCCIO for output pins. Each bank can support one voltage-referenced I/O standard, but it can support multiple I/O standards with the same VCCIO voltage level. For example, when VCCIO is 3.3 V, a bank can support LVTTL, LVCMOS, 3.3-V PCI, and SSTL-3 for inputs and outputs. When the LVDS banks are not used as LVDS I/O banks, they support all of the other I/O standards. Figure 29 shows the arrangement of the APEX 20KE I/O banks. 44 Altera Corporation APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Figure 29. APEX 20KE I/O Banks I/O Bank 1 I/O Bank 2 I/O Bank 3 I/O Bank 8 LVDS/LVPECL Output Block (2) (1) Regular I/O Blocks Support ■ LVTTL ■ LVCMOS ■ 2.5 V ■ 1.8 V ■ 3.3 V PCI ■ LVPECL ■ HSTL Class I ■ GTL+ ■ SSTL-2 Class I and II ■ SSTL-3 Class I and II ■ CTT ■ AGP I/O Bank 7 (1) LVDS/LVPECL Input Block (2) I/O Bank 4 Individual Power Bus I/O Bank 6 I/O Bank 5 Notes: (1) (2) The first two I/O pins that border the LVDS blocks can only be used for input to maintain an acceptable noise level on the VCCIO plane. If the LVDS input and output blocks are not used for LVDS, they can support all of the I/O standards and can be used as input, output, or bidirectional pins with VCCIO set to 3.3 V, 2.5 V, or 1.8 V. Power Sequencing & Hot Socketing Because APEX 20K and APEX 20KE devices can be used in a mixedvoltage environment, they have been designed specifically to tolerate any possible power-up sequence. Therefore, the VCCIO and VCCINT power supplies may be powered in any order. Signals can be driven into APEX 20K devices before and during power-up without damaging the device. In addition, APEX 20K devices do not drive out during power-up. Once operating conditions are reached and the device is configured, APEX 20K and APEX 20KE devices operate as specified by the user. Under hot socketing conditions, APEX 20KE devices will not sustain any damage, but the I/O pins will drive out. Altera Corporation 45 APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet MultiVolt I/O Interface The APEX device architecture supports the MultiVolt I/O interface feature, which allows APEX devices in all packages to interface with systems of different supply voltages. The devices have one set of VCC pins for internal operation and input buffers (VCCINT), and another set for I/O output drivers (VCCIO). The APEX 20K VCCINT pins must always be connected to a 2.5 V power supply. With a 2.5-V VCCINT level, input pins are 2.5-V and 3.3-V tolerant. Certain devices, identified by a “V” suffix following the speed grade in the ordering code (e.g., EP20K400BC652-1V), are 5.0-V tolerant. The VCCIO pins can be connected to either a 2.5-V or 3.3-V power supply, depending on the output requirements. When VCCIO pins are connected to a 2.5-V power supply, the output levels are compatible with 2.5-V systems. When the VCCIO pins are connected to a 3.3-V power supply, the output high is 3.3 V and is compatible with 3.3-V or 5.0-V systems. Table 12 summarizes 5.0-V tolerant APEX 20K MultiVolt I/O support. Table 12. 5.0-V Tolerant APEX 20K MultiVolt I/O Support VCCIO (V) Input Signals (V) Output Signals (V) 2.5 3.3 5.0 2.5 2.5 v v(1) v(1), (2) v 3.3 v v v(1), (2) v(3) 3.3 5.0 v v Notes: (1) (2) (3) The PCI clamping diode must be disabled to drive an input with voltages higher than VCCIO. APEX 20K devices with a “V” suffix are 5.0-V tolerant. When VCCIO = 3.3 V, an APEX 20K device can drive a 2.5-V device with 3.3-V tolerant inputs. Open-drain output pins on 5.0-V tolerant APEX 20K devices (with a pullup resistor to the 5.0-V supply) can drive 5.0-V CMOS input pins that require a VIH of 3.5 V. When the pin is inactive, the trace will be pulled up to 5.0 V by the resistor. The open-drain pin will only drive low or tri-state; it will never drive high. The rise time is dependent on the value of the pullup resistor and load impedance. The IOL current specification should be considered when selecting a pull-up resistor. 46 Altera Corporation APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet APEX 20KE devices also support the MultiVolt I/O interface feature. The APEX 20KE VCCINT pins must always be connected to a 1.8-V power supply. With a 1.8-V VCCINT level, input pins are 1.8-V, 2.5-V, and 3.3-V tolerant. The VCCIO pins can be connected to either a 1.8-V, 2.5-V, or 3.3-V power supply, depending on the I/O standard requirements. When the VCCIO pins are connected to a 1.8-V power supply, the output levels are compatible with 1.8-V systems. When VCCIO pins are connected to a 2.5-V power supply, the output levels are compatible with 2.5-V systems. When VCCIO pins are connected to a 3.3-V power supply, the output high is 3.3 V and compatible with 3.3-V or 5.0-V systems. An APEX 20KE device is 5.0-V tolerant with the addition of a resistor. Table 13 summarizes APEX 20KE MultiVolt I/O support. Table 13. APEX 20KE MultiVolt I/O Support VCCIO (V) Input Signals (V) 1.8 2.5 3.3 v v (1) v(1) 2.5 v v(1) 3.3 v v 1.8 Output Signals (V) 5.0 1.8 2.5 3.3 5.0 v v v v v (2) v (2) Notes: (1) (2) (3) The PCI clamping diode must be disabled to drive an input with voltages higher than VCCIO, except for the 5.0-V input case. An APEX 20KE device can be made 5.0-V tolerant with the addition of an external resistor. When VCCIO = 3.3 V, an APEX 20KE device can drive a 2.5-V device with 3.3-V tolerant inputs. ClockLock & ClockBoost Features APEX 20K devices support the ClockLock and ClockBoost clock management features, which are implemented with PLLs. The ClockLock circuitry uses a synchronizing PLL that reduces the clock delay and skew within a device. This reduction minimizes clock-to-output and setup times while maintaining zero hold times. The ClockBoost circuitry, which provides a clock multiplier, allows the designer to enhance device area efficiency by sharing resources within the device. The ClockBoost circuitry allows the designer to distribute a low-speed clock and multiply that clock on-device. APEX 20K devices include a high-speed clock tree; unlike ASICs, the user does not have to design and optimize the clock tree. The ClockLock and ClockBoost features work in conjunction with the APEX 20K device’s high-speed clock to provide significant improvements in system performance and band-width. Devices with an X-suffix on the ordering code include the ClockLock circuit. The ClockLock and ClockBoost features in APEX 20K devices are enabled through the Quartus II software. External devices are not required to use these features. Altera Corporation 47 APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet For designs that require both a multiplied and non-multiplied clock, the clock trace on the board can be connected to CLK2p. Table 14 shows the combinations supported by the ClockLock and ClockBoost circuitry. The CLK2p pin can feed both the ClockLock and ClockBoost circuitry in the APEX 20K device. However, when both circuits are used, the other clock pin (CLK1p) cannot be used. Table 14. Multiplication Factor Combinations Clock 1 Clock 2 ×1 ×1 ×1, ×2 ×2 × 1, × 2, × 4 ×4 APEX 20KE ClockLock Feature APEX 20KE devices include an enhanced ClockLock feature set. These devices include up to four PLLs, which can be used independently. Two PLLs are designed for either general-purpose use or LVDS use (on devices that support LVDS I/O pins). The remaining two PLLs are designed for general-purpose use. The EP20K200E and smaller devices have two PLLs; the EP20K300E and larger devices have four PLLs. The following sections describe some of the features offered by the APEX 20KE PLLs. External PLL Feedback The ClockLock circuit’s output can be driven off-chip to clock other devices in the system; further, the feedback loop of the PLL can be routed off-chip. This feature allows the designer to exercise fine control over the I/O interface between the APEX 20KE device and another high-speed device, such as SDRAM. Clock Multiplication The APEX 20KE ClockBoost circuit can multiply or divide clocks by a programmable number. The clock can be multiplied by m/(n × k) or m/(n × v), where m and k range from 2 to 160, and n and vrange from 1 to 16. Clock multiplication and division can be used for time-domain multiplexing and other functions, which can reduce design LE requirements. 48 Altera Corporation APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Clock Phase & Delay Adjustment The APEX 20KE ClockShift feature allows the clock phase and delay to be adjusted. The clock phase can be adjusted by 90° steps. The clock delay can be adjusted to increase or decrease the clock delay by an arbitrary amount, up to one clock period. LVDS Support Two PLLs are designed to support the LVDS interface. When using LVDS, the I/O clock runs at a slower rate than the data transfer rate. Thus, PLLs are used to multiply the I/O clock internally to capture the LVDS data. For example, an I/O clock may run at 105 MHz to support 840 megabits per second (Mbps) LVDS data transfer. In this example, the PLL multiplies the incoming clock by eight to support the high-speed data transfer. You can use PLLs in EP20K400E and larger devices for high-speed LVDS interfacing. Lock Signals The APEX 20KE ClockLock circuitry supports individual LOCK signals. The LOCK signal drives high when the ClockLock circuit has locked onto the input clock. The LOCK signals are optional for each ClockLock circuit; when not used, they are I/O pins. ClockLock & ClockBoost Timing Parameters For the ClockLock and ClockBoost circuitry to function properly, the incoming clock must meet certain requirements. If these specifications are not met, the circuitry may not lock onto the incoming clock, which generates an erroneous clock within the device. The clock generated by the ClockLock and ClockBoost circuitry must also meet certain specifications. If the incoming clock meets these requirements during configuration, the APEX 20K ClockLock and ClockBoost circuitry will lock onto the clock during configuration. The circuit will be ready for use immediately after configuration. In APEX 20KE devices, the clock input standard is programmable, so the PLL cannot respond to the clock until the device is configured. The PLL locks onto the input clock as soon as configuration is complete. Figure 30 shows the incoming and generated clock specifications. 1 Altera Corporation For more information on ClockLock and ClockBoost circuitry, see Application Note 115: Using the ClockLock and ClockBoost PLL Features in APEX Devices. 49 APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Figure 30. Specifications for the Incoming & Generated Clocks The tI parameter refers to the nominal input clock period; the tO parameter refers to the nominal output clock period. f CLK1, f CLK2 , f CLK4 t INDUTY t I + t CLKDEV Input Clock tR tF tO tI + t INCLKSTB t OUTDUTY ClockLock Generated Clock tO tO + t JITTER tO t JITTER Table 15 summarizes the APEX 20K ClockLock and ClockBoost parameters for -1 speed-grade devices. Table 15. APEX 20K ClockLock & ClockBoost Parameters for -1 Speed-Grade Devices (Part 1 of 2) Symbol 50 Parameter Min Max Unit fOUT Output frequency 25 180 MHz fCLK1 (1) Input clock frequency (ClockBoost clock multiplication factor equals 1) 25 180 (1) MHz fCLK2 Input clock frequency (ClockBoost clock multiplication factor equals 2) 16 90 MHz fCLK4 Input clock frequency (ClockBoost clock multiplication factor equals 4) 10 48 MHz tOUTDUTY Duty cycle for ClockLock/ClockBoost-generated clock 40 60 % fCLKDEV Input deviation from user specification in the Quartus II software (ClockBoost clock multiplication factor equals 1) (2) 25,000 (3) PPM tR Input rise time 5 ns tF Input fall time 5 ns Altera Corporation APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Table 15. APEX 20K ClockLock & ClockBoost Parameters for -1 Speed-Grade Devices (Part 2 of 2) Symbol Max Unit Time required for ClockLock/ClockBoost to acquire lock(4) 10 µs tSKEW Skew delay between related ClockLock/ClockBoost-generated clocks 500 ps tJITTER Jitter on ClockLock/ClockBoostgenerated clock (5) 200 ps tINCLKSTB Input clock stability (measured between adjacent clocks) 50 ps tLOCK Parameter Min Notes: (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) Altera Corporation The PLL input frequency range for the EP20K100-1X device for 1x multiplication is 25 MHz to 175 MHz. All input clock specifications must be met. The PLL may not lock onto an incoming clock if the clock specifications are not met, creating an erroneous clock within the device. During device configuration, the ClockLock and ClockBoost circuitry is configured first. If the incoming clock is supplied during configuration, the ClockLock and ClockBoost circuitry locks during configuration, because the lock time is less than the configuration time. The jitter specification is measured under long-term observation. If the input clock stability is 100 ps, tJITTER is 250 ps. 51 APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Table 16 summarizes the APEX 20K ClockLock and ClockBoost parameters for -2 speed grade devices. Table 16. APEX 20K ClockLock & ClockBoost Parameters for -2 Speed Grade Devices Symbol Parameter Min Max Unit fOUT Output frequency 25 170 MHz f CLK1 Input clock frequency (ClockBoost clock multiplication factor equals 1) 25 170 MHz f CLK2 Input clock frequency (ClockBoost clock multiplication factor equals 2) 16 80 MHz f CLK4 Input clock frequency (ClockBoost clock multiplication factor equals 4) 10 34 MHz t OUTDUTY Duty cycle for ClockLock/ClockBoostgenerated clock 40 60 % f CLKDEV Input deviation from user specification in the Quartus II software (ClockBoost clock multiplication factor equals one) (1) 25,000 (2) PPM 5 ns tR Input rise time tF Input fall time t LOCK Time required for ClockLock/ ClockBoost to acquire lock (3) t SKEW Skew delay between related ClockLock/ ClockBoost-generated clock t JITTER Jitter on ClockLock/ ClockBoostgenerated clock (4) t INCLKSTB Input clock stability (measured between adjacent clocks) 500 5 ns 10 µs 500 ps 200 ps 50 ps Notes: (1) (2) (3) (4) 52 To implement the ClockLock and ClockBoost circuitry with the Quartus II software, designers must specify the input frequency. The Quartus II software tunes the PLL in the ClockLock and ClockBoost circuitry to this frequency. The fCLKDEV parameter specifies how much the incoming clock can differ from the specified frequency during device operation. Simulation does not reflect this parameter. Twenty-five thousand parts per million (PPM) equates to 2.5% of input clock period. During device configuration, the ClockLock and ClockBoost circuitry is configured before the rest of the device. If the incoming clock is supplied during configuration, the ClockLock and ClockBoost circuitry locks during configuration because the tLOCK value is less than the time required for configuration. The tJITTER specification is measured under long-term observation. Altera Corporation APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Tables 17 and 18 summarize the ClockLock and ClockBoost parameters for APEX 20KE devices. Table 17. APEX 20KE ClockLock & ClockBoost Parameters Symbol Parameter Condition Note (1) Min Typ Max Unit tR Input rise time 5 ns tF Input fall time 5 ns t INDUTY Input duty cycle t INJITTER Input jitter peak-to-peak tOUTJITTER Jitter on ClockLock or ClockBoostgenerated clock tOUTDUTY Duty cycle for ClockLock or ClockBoost-generated clock tLOCK (2), (3) Time required for ClockLock or ClockBoost to acquire lock Altera Corporation 40 45 60 % 2% of input period peak-topeak 0.35% of output period RMS 55 % 40 µs 53 APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Table 18. APEX 20KE Clock Input & Output Parameters Symbol Parameter I/O Standard Note (1) -1X Speed Grade -2X Speed Grade Units Min Max Min Max fVCO (4) Voltage controlled oscillator operating range 200 500 200 500 MHz fCLOCK0 Clock0 PLL output frequency for internal use 1.5 335 1.5 200 MHz fCLOCK1 Clock1 PLL output frequency for internal use 20 335 20 200 MHz fCLOCK0_EXT Output clock frequency for external clock0 output 3.3-V LVTTL 1.5 245 1.5 226 MHz 2.5-V LVTTL 1.5 234 1.5 221 MHz 1.8-V LVTTL 1.5 223 1.5 216 MHz GTL+ 1.5 205 1.5 193 MHz SSTL-2 Class I 1.5 158 1.5 157 MHz SSTL-2 Class II 1.5 142 1.5 142 MHz fCLOCK1_EXT fIN Output clock frequency for external clock1 output Input clock frequency SSTL-3 Class I 1.5 166 1.5 162 MHz SSTL-3 Class II 1.5 149 1.5 146 MHz LVDS 1.5 420 1.5 350 MHz 3.3-V LVTTL 20 245 20 226 MHz 2.5-V LVTTL 20 234 20 221 MHz 1.8-V LVTTL 20 223 20 216 MHz GTL+ 20 205 20 193 MHz MHz SSTL-2 Class I 20 158 20 157 SSTL-2 Class II 20 142 20 142 MHz SSTL-3 Class I 20 166 20 162 MHz SSTL-3 Class II 20 149 20 146 MHz LVDS 20 420 20 350 MHz 3.3-V LVTTL 1.5 290 1.5 257 MHz 2.5-V LVTTL 1.5 281 1.5 250 MHz 1.8-V LVTTL 1.5 272 1.5 243 MHz GTL+ 1.5 303 1.5 261 MHz SSTL-2 Class I 1.5 291 1.5 253 MHz SSTL-2 Class II 1.5 291 1.5 253 MHz SSTL-3 Class I 1.5 300 1.5 260 MHz SSTL-3 Class II 1.5 300 1.5 260 MHz LVDS 1.5 420 1.5 350 MHz Notes to tables: (1) (4) All input clock specifications must be met. The PLL may not lock onto an incoming clock if the clock specifications are not met, creating an erroneous clock within the device. The maximum lock time is 40 µs or 2000 input clock cycles, whichever occurs first. Before configuration, the PLL circuits are disable and powered down. During configuration, the PLLs are still disabled. The PLLs begin to lock once the device is in the user mode. If the clock enable feature is used, lock begins once the CLKLK_ENA pin goes high in user mode. The PLL VCO operating range is 200 MHz ð fVCO ð 840 MHz for LVDS mode. 54 Altera Corporation (2) (3) APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet SignalTap Embedded Logic Analyzer APEX 20K devices include device enhancements to support the SignalTap embedded logic analyzer. By including this circuitry, the APEX 20K device provides the ability to monitor design operation over a period of time through the IEEE Std. 1149.1 (JTAG) circuitry; a designer can analyze internal logic at speed without bringing internal signals to the I/O pins. This feature is particularly important for advanced packages such as FineLine BGA packages because adding a connection to a pin during the debugging process can be difficult after a board is designed and manufactured. IEEE Std. 1149.1 (JTAG) Boundary-Scan Support All APEX 20K devices provide JTAG BST circuitry that complies with the IEEE Std. 1149.1-1990 specification. The EP20K1500E device supports the JTAG BYPASS instruction and the SignalTap instructions. JTAG boundary-scan testing can be performed before or after configuration, but not during configuration. APEX 20K devices can also use the JTAG port for configuration with the Quartus II software or with hardware using either Jam Files (.jam) or Jam Byte-Code Files (.jbc). Finally, APEX 20K devices (except the EP20K1500E) use the JTAG port to monitor the logic operation of the device with the SignalTap embedded logic analyzer. APEX 20K devices support the JTAG instructions shown in Table 19. Table 19. APEX 20K JTAG Instructions JTAG Instruction Description SAMPLE/PRELOAD Allows a snapshot of signals at the device pins to be captured and examined during normal device operation, and permits an initial data pattern to be output at the device pins. Also used by the SignalTap embedded logic analyzer. EXTEST Allows the external circuitry and board-level interconnections to be tested by forcing a test pattern at the output pins and capturing test results at the input pins. BYPASS (1) Places the 1-bit bypass register between the TDI and TDO pins, which allows the BST data to pass synchronously through selected devices to adjacent devices during normal device operation. USERCODE Selects the 32-bit USERCODE register and places it between the TDI and TDO pins, allowing the USERCODE to be serially shifted out of TDO. IDCODE Selects the IDCODE register and places it between TDI and TDO, allowing the IDCODE to be serially shifted out of TDO. ICR Instructions Used when configuring an APEX 20K device via the JTAG port with a MasterBlasterTM or ByteBlasterMVTM download cable, or when using a Jam File or Jam Byte-Code File via an embedded processor. SignalTap Instructions (1) Monitors internal device operation with the SignalTap embedded logic analyzer. Note: (1) The EP20K1500E device supports the JTAG BYPASS instruction and the SignalTap instructions. Altera Corporation 55 APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet The APEX 20K device instruction register length is 10 bits. The APEX 20K device USERCODE register length is 32 bits. Tables 20 and 21 show the boundary-scan register length and device IDCODE information for APEX 20K devices. Table 20. APEX 20K Boundary-Scan Register Length Device Boundary-Scan Register Length EP20K30E 420 EP20K60E 624 EP20K100 786 EP20K100E 774 EP20K160E 984 EP20K200 1,176 EP20K200E 1,164 EP20K300E 1,266 EP20K400 1,536 EP20K400E 1,506 EP20K600E 1,806 EP20K1000E 2,190 EP20K1500E 1 (1) Note: (1) 56 This device does not support JTAG boundary scan testing. Altera Corporation APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Table 21. 32-Bit APEX 20K Device IDCODE Device IDCODE (32 Bits) (1) Version (4 Bits) Part Number (16 Bits) Manufacturer Identity (11 Bits) 1 (1 Bit) (2) EP20K30E 0000 1000 0000 0011 0000 000 0110 1110 1 EP20K60E 0000 1000 0000 0110 0000 000 0110 1110 1 EP20K100 0000 0000 0100 0001 0110 000 0110 1110 1 EP20K100E 0000 1000 0001 0000 0000 000 0110 1110 1 EP20K160E 0000 1000 0001 0110 0000 000 0110 1110 1 EP20K200 0000 0000 1000 0011 0010 000 0110 1110 1 EP20K200E 0000 1000 0010 0000 0000 000 0110 1110 1 EP20K300E 0000 1000 0011 0000 0000 000 0110 1110 1 EP20K400 0000 0001 0110 0110 0100 000 0110 1110 1 EP20K400E 0000 1000 0100 0000 0000 000 0110 1110 1 EP20K600E 0000 1000 0110 0000 0000 000 0110 1110 1 EP20K1000E 0000 1001 0000 0000 0000 000 0110 1110 1 Notes: (1) (2) The most significant bit (MSB) is on the left. The IDCODE’s least significant bit (LSB) is always 1. Figure 31 shows the timing requirements for the JTAG signals. Figure 31. APEX 20K JTAG Waveforms TMS TDI t JCP t JCH t JCL t JPSU t JPH TCK tJPZX t JPXZ t JPCO TDO tJSSU Signal to Be Captured Signal to Be Driven Altera Corporation tJSZX tJSH tJSCO tJSXZ 57 APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Table 22 shows the JTAG timing parameters and values for APEX 20K devices. Table 22. APEX 20K JTAG Timing Parameters & Values Symbol f Max 100 Unit tJCH TCK clock high time 50 ns tJCL TCK clock low time 50 ns tJPSU JTAG port setup time 20 ns tJPH JTAG port hold time 45 ns tJPCO JTAG port clock to output 25 tJPZX JTAG port high impedance to valid output 25 ns tJPXZ JTAG port valid output to high impedance 25 ns tJSSU Capture register setup time 20 tJSH Capture register hold time 45 tJSCO Update register clock to output 35 ns tJSZX Update register high impedance to valid output 35 ns tJSXZ Update register valid output to high impedance 35 ns ns ns ns ns For more information, see the following documents: ■ 58 Min TCK clock period ■ Generic Testing Parameter tJCP Application Note 39 (IEEE Std. 1149.1 (JTAG) Boundary-Scan Testing in Altera Devices) Jam Programming & Test Language Specification Each APEX 20K device is functionally tested. Complete testing of each configurable static random access memory (SRAM) bit and all logic functionality ensures 100% yield. AC test measurements for APEX 20K devices are made under conditions equivalent to those shown in Figure 32. Multiple test patterns can be used to configure devices during all stages of the production flow. Altera Corporation APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Figure 32. APEX 20K AC Test Conditions Power supply transients can affect AC measurements. Simultaneous transitions of Device Output multiple outputs should be avoided for accurate measurement. Threshold tests must not be performed under AC conditions. Large-amplitude, fast-ground-current transients normally occur as the device Device input rise and fall outputs discharge the load capacitances. times < 3 ns When these transients flow through the parasitic inductance between the device ground pin and the test system ground, significant reductions in observable noise immunity can result. Operating Conditions Symbol C1 (includes JIG capacitance) Tables 23 through 26 provide information on absolute maximum ratings, recommended operating conditions, DC operating conditions, and capacitance for 2.5-V APEX 20K devices. Table 23. APEX 20K Device Absolute Maximum Ratings V CCINT to Test System Parameter Supply voltage Note (1) Conditions With respect to ground (2) V CCIO VI DC input voltage Min Max Unit –0.5 3.6 V –0.5 4.6 V –0.5 4.6 V I OUT DC output current, per pin –25 25 mA T STG Storage temperature No bias –65 150 °C T AMB Ambient temperature Under bias –65 135 °C TJ Junction temperature PQFP, RQFP, TQFP, and BGA packages, under bias 135 °C Ceramic PGA packages, under bias 150 °C Altera Corporation 59 APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Table 24. APEX 20K Device Recommended Operating Conditions Symbol Parameter Conditions Max Unit 2.375 (2.375) 2.625 (2.625) V V CCINT Supply voltage for internal logic and input buffers V CCIO Supply voltage for output buffers, 3.3-V (3), (4) operation 3.00 (3.00) 3.60 (3.60) V Supply voltage for output buffers, 2.5-V (3), (4) operation 2.375 (2.375) 2.625 (2.625) V VI Input voltage VO Output voltage TJ Junction temperature (3), (4) Min (2), (5) –0.5 4.1 V 0 V CCIO V 0 85 °C –40 100 °C For commercial use For industrial use tR Input rise time (10% to 90%) 40 ns tF Input fall time (90% to 10%) 40 ns Table 25. APEX 20K Device DC Operating Conditions (Part 1 of 2) Symbol Parameter Conditions Notes (6), (7) Max Unit V IH High-level LVTTL, LVCMOS, or 3.3-V PCI input voltage 1.7, 0.5 × VCCIO (8) 4.1 V V IL Low-level LVTTL, LVCMOS, or 3.3-V PCI input voltage –0.5 0.8, 0.3 × VCCIO (8) V V OH 3.3-V high-level LVTTL output voltage I OH = –12 mA DC, V CCIO = 3.00 V (9) 2.4 V 3.3-V high-level LVCMOS output voltage I OH = –0.1 mA DC, V CCIO = 3.00 V (9) V CCIO – 0.2 V 0.9 × VCCIO V I OH = –0.1 mA DC, V CCIO = 2.30 V (9) 2.1 V I OH = –1 mA DC, V CCIO = 2.30 V (9) 2.0 V I OH = –2 mA DC, V CCIO = 2.30 V (9) 1.7 V 3.3-V high-level PCI output voltage I OH = –0.5 mA DC, V CCIO = 3.00 to 3.60 V (9) 2.5-V high-level output voltage 60 Min Typ Altera Corporation APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Table 25. APEX 20K Device DC Operating Conditions (Part 2 of 2) Symbol V OL Parameter Conditions Notes (6), (7) Min Typ Max Unit 3.3-V low-level LVTTL output voltage I OL = 12 mA DC, V CCIO = 3.00 V (10) 0.4 V 3.3-V low-level LVCMOS output voltage I OL = 0.1 mA DC, V CCIO = 3.00 V (10) 0.2 V 0.1 × VCCIO V I OL = 0.1 mA DC, V CCIO = 2.30 V (10) 0.2 V I OL = 1 mA DC, V CCIO = 2.30 V (10) 0.4 V I OL = 2 mA DC, V CCIO = 2.30 V (10) 0.7 V 3.3-V low-level PCI output voltage I OL = 1.5 mA DC, V CCIO = 3.00 to 3.60 V (10) 2.5-V low-level output voltage II Input pin leakage current V I = 4.1 to –0.5 V (11) –10 10 µA I OZ Tri-stated I/O pin leakage current V O = 4.1 to –0.5 V (11) –10 10 µA I CC0 V CC supply current (standby) (All ESBs in power-down mode) V I = ground, no load, no toggling inputs, -1 speed grade 10 mA V I = ground, no load, no toggling inputs, -2, -3 speed grades 5 mA R CONF Value of I/O pin pull-up resistor before and during configuration V CCIO = 3.0 V (12) 20 50 k¾ V CCIO = 2.375 V (12) 30 80 k¾ Table 26. APEX 20K Device Capacitance Symbol Parameter Note (13) Conditions Min Max Unit CIN Input capacitance VIN = 0 V, f = 1.0 MHz 8 pF CINCLK Input capacitance on dedicated clock pin VIN = 0 V, f = 1.0 MHz 12 pF COUT Output capacitance VOUT = 0 V, f = 1.0 MHz 8 pF Altera Corporation 61 APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Notes to tables: (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) See the Operating Requirements for Altera Devices Data Sheet. Minimum DC input is –0.5 V. During transitions, the inputs may undershoot to –2.0 V or overshoot to 4.6 V for input currents less than 100 mA and periods shorter than 20 ns. Numbers in parentheses are for industrial-temperature-range devices. Maximum VCC rise time is 100 ms, and VCC must rise monotonically. All pins, including dedicated inputs, clock, I/O, and JTAG pins, may be driven before VCCINT and VCCIO are powered. Typical values are for T A = 25° C, V CCINT = 2.5 V, and V CCIO = 2.5 V or 3.3 V. These values are specified under the APEX 20K device recommended operating conditions, shown in Table 24 on page 60. The APEX 20K input buffers are compatible with 2.5-V and 3.3-V (LVTTL and LVCMOS) signals. Additionally, the input buffers are 3.3-V PCI compliant when VCCIO and VCCINT meet the relationship shown in Figure 33 on page 68. The IOH parameter refers to high-level TTL, PCI, or CMOS output current. The IOL parameter refers to low-level TTL, PCI, or CMOS output current. This parameter applies to open-drain pins as well as output pins. This value is specified for normal device operation. The value may vary during power-up. Pin pull-up resistance values will be lower if an external source drives the pin higher than VCCIO. Capacitance is sample-tested only. Tables 27 through 30 provide information on absolute maximum ratings, recommended operating conditions, DC operating conditions, and capacitance for 5.0-V tolerant APEX 20K devices. These devices are identified by a “V” suffix following the speed grade in the ordering code (e.g., EP20K400BC652-1V). Table 27. APEX 20K 5.0-V Tolerant Device Absolute Maximum Ratings Symbol V CCINT Parameter Supply voltage Conditions With respect to ground (2) VCCIO VI DC input voltage Note (1) Min Max Unit –0.5 3.6 V –0.5 4.6 V –2.0 5.75 V IOUT DC output current, per pin –25 25 mA TSTG Storage temperature No bias –65 150 °C TAMB Ambient temperature Under bias –65 135 °C TJ Junction temperature PQFP, RQFP, TQFP, and BGA packages, under bias 135 °C Ceramic PGA packages, under bias 150 °C 62 Altera Corporation APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Table 28. APEX 20K 5.0-V Tolerant Device Recommended Operating Conditions Symbol Parameter Conditions V CCINT Supply voltage for internal logic and input buffers (3), (4) V CCIO Supply voltage for output buffers, (3), (4) 3.3-V operation VI Input voltage Output voltage TJ Junction temperature Max Unit 2.375 (2.375) 2.625 (2.625) V 3.00 (3.00) 3.60 (3.60) Supply voltage for output buffers, (3), (4) 2.5-V operation VO Min 2.375 (2.375) V 2.625 (2.625) V –0.5 5.75 V 0 VCCIO V For commercial use 0 85 °C For industrial use 40 100 °C (2), (5) tR Input rise time 40 ns tF Input fall time 40 ns Table 29. APEX 20K 5.0-V Tolerant Device DC Operating Conditions (Part 1 of 2) Symbol Parameter Conditions Max Unit V IH High-level input voltage 1.7, 0.5 × VCCIO (8) 5.75 V V IL Low-level input voltage –0.5 0.8, 0.3 × VCCIO (8) V V OH 3.3-V high-level TTL output voltage I OH = –8 mA DC, V CCIO = 3.00 V (9) 2.4 V 3.3-V high-level CMOS output voltage I OH = –0.1 mA DC, V CCIO = 3.00 V (9) V CCIO – 0.2 V 0.9 × VCCIO V I OH = –0.1 mA DC, V CCIO = 2.30 V (9) 2.1 V I OH = –1 mA DC, V CCIO = 2.30 V (9) 2.0 V I OH = –2 mA DC, V CCIO = 2.30 V (9) 1.7 V 3.3-V high-level PCI output voltage I OH = –0.5 mA DC, V CCIO = 3.00 to 3.60 V (9) 2.5-V high-level output voltage Altera Corporation Min Typ Notes (6), (7) 63 APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Table 29. APEX 20K 5.0-V Tolerant Device DC Operating Conditions (Part 2 of 2) Symbol V OL Parameter Conditions Min Notes (6), (7) Typ Max Unit 3.3-V low-level TTL output voltage I OL = 12 mA DC, V CCIO = 3.00 V (10) 0.45 V 3.3-V low-level CMOS output voltage 0.2 V 0.1 × VCCIO V I OL = 0.1 mA DC, V CCIO = 2.30 V (10) 0.2 V I OL = 1 mA DC, V CCIO = 2.30 V (10) 0.4 V I OL = 2 mA DC, V CCIO = 2.30 V (10) 0.7 V I OL = 0.1 mA DC, V CCIO = 3.00 V (10) 3.3-V low-level PCI output voltage I OL = 1.5 mA DC, V CCIO = 3.00 to 3.60 V (10) 2.5-V low-level output voltage II Input pin leakage current V I = 5.75 to –0.5 V –10 10 µA I OZ Tri-stated I/O pin leakage current V O = 5.75 to –0.5 V –10 10 µA I CC0 V CC supply current (standby) (All ESBs in power-down mode) V I = ground, no load, no toggling inputs, -1 speed grade (11) 10 mA V I = ground, no load, no toggling inputs, -2, -3 speed grades (11) 5 mA R CONF Value of I/O pin pull-up resistor before and during configuration V CCIO = 3.0 V (12) 20 50 k¾ V CCIO = 2.375 V (12) 30 80 k¾ Table 30. APEX 20K 5.0-V Tolerant Device Capacitance Symbol Parameter Note (13) Conditions Min Max Unit CIN Input capacitance VIN = 0 V, f = 1.0 MHz 8 pF CINCLK Input capacitance on dedicated clock pin VIN = 0 V, f = 1.0 MHz 12 pF COUT Output capacitance VOUT = 0 V, f = 1.0 MHz 8 pF 64 Altera Corporation APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Notes to tables: (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) See the Operating Requirements for Altera Devices Data Sheet. Minimum DC input is –0.5 V. During transitions, the inputs may undershoot to –2.0 V or overshoot to 5.75 V for input currents less than 100 mA and periods shorter than 20 ns. Numbers in parentheses are for industrial-temperature-range devices. Maximum VCC rise time is 100 ms, and VCC must rise monotonically. All pins, including dedicated inputs, clock I/O, and JTAG pins, may be driven before VCCINT and VCCIO are powered. Typical values are for TA= 25° C, VCCINT = 2.5 V, and VCCIO = 2.5 or 3.3 V. These values are specified in the APEX 20K device recommended operating conditions, shown in Table 26 on page 62. The APEX 20K input buffers are compatible with 2.5-V and 3.3-V (LVTTL and LVCMOS) signals. Additionally, the input buffers are 3.3-V PCI compliant when VCCIO and VCCINT meet the relationship shown in Figure 33 on page 68. The IOH parameter refers to high-level TTL, PCI or CMOS output current. The IOL parameter refers to low-level TTL, PCI, or CMOS output current. This parameter applies to open-drain pins as well as output pins. This value is specified for normal device operation. The value may vary during power-up. Pin pull-up resistance values will be lower if an external source drives the pin higher than VCCIO. Capacitance is sample-tested only. Tables 31 through 34 provide information on absolute maximum ratings, recommended operating conditions, DC operating conditions, and capacitance for 1.8-V APEX 20KE devices. Table 31. APEX 20KE Device Absolute Maximum Ratings Symbol V CCINT Parameter Supply voltage Note (1) Conditions With respect to ground (2) V CCIO VI DC input voltage Min Max Unit –0.5 2.5 V –0.5 4.6 V –0.5 4.6 V I OUT DC output current, per pin –25 25 mA T STG Storage temperature No bias –65 150 °C T AMB Ambient temperature Under bias –65 135 °C TJ Junction temperature PQFP, RQFP, TQFP, and BGA packages, under bias 135 °C Ceramic PGA packages, under bias 150 °C Altera Corporation 65 APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Table 32. APEX 20KE Device Recommended Operating Conditions Symbol Parameter Conditions Min Max Unit V CCINT Supply voltage for internal logic and input buffers (3), (4) 1.71 (1.71) 1.89 (1.89) V V CCIO Supply voltage for output buffers, 3.3-V operation (3), (4) 3.00 (3.00) 3.60 (3.60) V Supply voltage for output buffers, 2.5-V operation (3), (4) 2.375 (2.375) 2.625 (2.625) V (2), (5) –0.5 4.1 V 0 V CCIO V 0 85 °C –40 100 °C VI Input voltage VO Output voltage TJ Junction temperature For commercial use For industrial use tR Input rise time 40 ns tF Input fall time 40 ns 66 Altera Corporation APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Table 33. APEX 20KE Device DC Operating Conditions Symbol Parameter Notes (6), (7) Conditions Min Typ Max Unit V IH High-level LVTTL, CMOS, or 3.3-V PCI input voltage 1.7, 0.5 × VCCIO (8) 4.1 V V IL Low-level LVTTL, CMOS, or 3.3-V PCI input voltage –0.5 0.8, 0.3 × VCCIO (8) V V OH 3.3-V high-level LVTTL output voltage I OH = –12 mA DC, V CCIO = 3.00 V (9) 2.4 V 3.3-V high-level LVCMOS output voltage I OH = –0.1 mA DC, V CCIO = 3.00 V (9) V CCIO – 0.2 V 0.9 × VCCIO V I OH = –0.1 mA DC, V CCIO = 2.30 V (9) 2.1 V I OH = –1 mA DC, V CCIO = 2.30 V (9) 2.0 V I OH = –2 mA DC, V CCIO = 2.30 V (9) 1.7 V 3.3-V high-level PCI output voltage I OH = –0.5 mA DC, V CCIO = 3.00 to 3.60 V (9) 2.5-V high-level output voltage V OL 3.3-V low-level LVTTL output voltage I OL = 12 mA DC, V CCIO = 3.00 V (10) 0.4 V 3.3-V low-level LVCMOS output voltage I OL = 0.1 mA DC, V CCIO = 3.00 V (10) 0.2 V 0.1 × VCCIO V I OL = 0.1 mA DC, V CCIO = 2.30 V (10) 0.2 V I OL = 1 mA DC, V CCIO = 2.30 V (10) 0.4 V I OL = 2 mA DC, V CCIO = 2.30 V (10) 0.7 V µA 3.3-V low-level PCI output voltage I OL = 1.5 mA DC, V CCIO = 3.00 to 3.60 V (10) 2.5-V low-level output voltage II Input pin leakage current V I = 4.1 to –0.5 V (11) –10 10 I OZ Tri-stated I/O pin leakage current V O = 4.1 to –0.5 V (11) –10 10 I CC0 V CC supply current (standby) (All ESBs in power-down mode) V I = ground, no load, no toggling inputs, -1 speed grade 10 mA V I = ground, no load, no toggling inputs, -2, -3 speed grades 5 mA R CONF Value of I/O pin pull-up resistor before and during configuration Altera Corporation µA V CCIO = 3.0 V (12) 20 50 k¾ V CCIO = 2.375 V (12) 30 80 k¾ V CCIO = 1.71 V (12) 60 150 k¾ 67 APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet 1 For DC Operating Specifications on APEX 20KE I/O standards, please refer to Application Note 117 (Using Selectable I/O Standards in Altera Devices). Table 34. APEX 20KE Device Capacitance Symbol Parameter Note (13) Conditions Min Max Unit CIN Input capacitance VIN = 0 V, f = 1.0 MHz 8 pF CINCLK Input capacitance on dedicated clock pin VIN = 0 V, f = 1.0 MHz 12 pF COUT Output capacitance VOUT = 0 V, f = 1.0 MHz 8 pF Notes to tables: (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) See the Operating Requirements for Altera Devices Data Sheet. Minimum DC input is –0.5 V. During transitions, the inputs may undershoot to –0.5 V or overshoot to 4.6 V for input currents less than 100 mA and periods shorter than 20 ns. Numbers in parentheses are for industrial-temperature-range devices. Maximum VCC rise time is 100 ms, and VCC must rise monotonically. All pins, including dedicated inputs, clock, I/O, and JTAG pins, may be driven before VCCINT and VCCIO are powered. Typical values are for T A = 25° C, V CCINT = 1.8 V, and V CCIO = 1.8 V, 2.5 V or 3.3 V. These values are specified under the APEX 20KE device recommended operating conditions, shown in Table 28 on page 63. The APEX 20KE input buffers are compatible with 1.8-V, 2.5-V and 3.3-V (LVTTL and LVCMOS) signals. Additionally, the input buffers are 3.3-V PCI compliant. Input buffers also meet specifications for GTL+, CTT, AGP, SSTL-2, SSTL-3, and HSTL. The IOH parameter refers to high-level TTL, PCI, or CMOS output current. The IOL parameter refers to low-level TTL, PCI, or CMOS output current. This parameter applies to open-drain pins as well as output pins. This value is specified for normal device operation. The value may vary during power-up. Pin pull-up resistance values will be lower if an external source drives the pin higher than VCCIO. Capacitance is sample-tested only. Figure 33 shows the relationship between VCCIO and VCCINT for 3.3-V PCI compliance on APEX 20K devices. 68 Altera Corporation APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Figure 33. Relationship between VCCIO & VCCINT for 3.3-V PCI Compliance 2.7 VCCINT (V) PCI-Compliant Region 2.5 2.3 3.0 3.1 3.6 3.3 VCCIO (V) Figure 34 shows the typical output drive characteristics of APEX 20K devices with 3.3-V and 2.5-V VCCIO. The output driver is compatible with the 3.3-V PCI Local Bus Specification, Revision 2.2 (when VCCIO pins are connected to 3.3 V). 5-V tolerant APEX 20K devices in the -1 speed grade are 5-V PCI compliant over all operating conditions. Figure 34. Output Drive Characteristics of APEX 20K Device 90 80 80 70 70 60 Typical IO Output Current (mA) 90 IOL VCCINT = 2.5 V VCCIO = 2.5 V Room Temperature 50 40 30 60 Typical IO Output Current (mA) VCCINT = 2.5 V VCCIO = 3.3 V Room Temperature 50 40 30 IOH IOH 20 20 10 10 1 2 VO Output Voltage (V) Altera Corporation IOL 3 1 2 3 VO Output Voltage (V) 69 APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Figure 35 shows the output drive characteristics of APEX 20KE devices. Figure 35. Output Drive Characteristics of APEX 20KE Devices 60 120 110 55 IOL 100 Typical IO Output Current (mA) 90 45 80 40 VCCINT = 1.8 V VCCIO = 3.3 V 70 60 IOL 50 VCCINT = 1.8 V VCCIO = 2.5V Typical IO 35 Output Current (mA) 30 Room Temperature Room Temperature 50 25 40 20 30 15 IOH 20 IOH 10 10 5 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 0.5 3 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 Vo Output Voltage (V) Vo Output Voltage (V) 26 IOL 24 22 20 18 Typical IO 16 Output Current (mA) 14 VCCINT = 1.8V VCCIO = 1.8V Room Temperature 12 10 8 6 IOH 4 2 0.5 1 1.5 2.0 Vo Output Voltage (V) Timing Model 70 The high-performance FastTrack and MegaLAB interconnect routing resources ensure predictable performance, accurate simulation, and accurate timing analysis. This predictable performance contrasts with that of FPGAs, which use a segmented connection scheme and therefore have unpredictable performance. Altera Corporation APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet All specifications are always representative of worst-case supply voltage and junction temperature conditions. All output-pin-timing specifications are reported for maximum driver strength. Figure 36 shows the fMAX timing model for APEX 20K devices. Figure 36. APEX 20K fMAX Timing Model LE tSU tH tCO tLUT Routing Delay t F1—4 t F5—20 ESB tF20+ tESBRC tESBWC tESBWESU tESBDATASU tESBADDRSU tESBDATACO1 tESBDATACO2 tESBDD tPD tPTERMSU tPTERMCO Figure 37 shows the fMAX timing model for APEX 20KE devices. These parameters can be used to estimate fMAX for multipule levels of logic. Quartus II software timing analysis should be used for more accurate timing information. Altera Corporation 71 APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Figure 37. APEX 20KE fMAX Timing Model LE tSU tH tCO tLUT Routing Delay t F1–4 ESB tESBARC tESBSRC t F5–20 tF20+ tESBAWC tESBSWC tESBWASU tESBWDSU tESBSRASU tESBSWDSU tESBWDH tESBRASU tESBRAH tESBWESU tESBDATASU tESBWADDRSU tESBRADDRSU tESBDATACO1 tESBDATACO2 tESBDD tPD tPTERMSU tPTERMCO 72 Altera Corporation APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Figures 38 and 39 show the asynchronous and synchronous timing waveforms, respectively, for the ESB macroparameters in Table 35. Figure 38. ESB Asynchronous Timing Waveforms ESB Asynchronous Read RE a1 a0 Rdaddress a2 a3 tESBARC Data-Out d0 d1 d3 d2 ESB Asynchronous Write WE tESBWP tESBWDSU din0 Data-In tESBWDH din1 tESBWASU tESBWAH tESBWCCOMB Wraddress a0 a1 a2 tESBDD Data-Out Altera Corporation din0 din1 dout2 73 APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Figure 39. ESB Synchronous Timing Waveforms ESB Synchronous Read WE Rdaddress a0 a1 tESBDATASU a2 a3 tESBARC tESBDATAH CLK tESBDATACO2 Data-Out d2 d1 ESB Synchronous Write (ESB Output Registers Used) WE Data-In Wraddress a0 din1 din2 din3 a1 a2 a3 tESBWESU tESBDATASU tESBDATAH a2 tESBWEH CLK tESBDATACO1 tESBSWC Data-Out dout0 dout1 din1 din2 din3 din2 Figure 40 shows the timing model for bidirectional I/O pin timing. 74 Altera Corporation APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Figure 40. Synchronous Bidirectional Pin External Timing OE Register (1) D Dedicated Clock PRN Q tXZBIDIR tZXBIDIR CLRN tOUTCOBIDIR Output IOE Register D PRN Q CLRN Bidirectional Pin IOE Register tINSUBIDIR tINHBIDIR Input Register (1) (2) D PRN Q CLRN Notes: (1) The output enable and input registers are LE registers in the LAB adjacent to a bidirectional row pin. The output enable register is set with “Output Enable Routing= Signal-Pin” option in the Quartus II software. (2) The LAB adjacent input register is set with “Decrease Input Delay to Internal Cells= Off”. This maintains a zero hold time for lab adjacent registers while giving a fast, position independent setup time. A faster setup time with zero hold time is possible by setting “Decrease Input Delay to Internal Cells= ON” and moving the input register farther away from the bi-directional pin. The exact position where zero hold occurs with the minimum setup time, varies with device density and speed grade. Table 35 describes the fMAX timing parameters shown in Figure 36. Table 35. APEX 20K fMAX Timing Parameters (Part 1 of 2) Symbol Parameter tSU LE register setup time before clock tH LE register hold time after clock tCO LE register clock-to-output delay tLUT LUT delay for data-in tESBRC ESB Asynchronous read cycle time tESBWC ESB Asynchronous write cycle time tESBWESU ESB WE setup time before clock when using input register tESBDATASU ESB data setup time before clock when using input register tESBADDRSU ESB address setup time before clock when using input registers tESBDATACO1 ESB clock-to-output delay when using output registers tESBDATACO2 ESB clock-to-output delay without output registers Altera Corporation 75 APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Table 35. APEX 20K fMAX Timing Parameters (Part 2 of 2) Symbol Parameter tESBDD ESB data-in to data-out delay for RAM mode tPD ESB macrocell input to non-registered output tPTERMSU ESB macrocell register setup time before clock tPTERMCO ESB macrocell register clock-to-output delay tF1-4 Fanout delay using local interconnect tF5-20 Fanout delay using MegaLab Interconnect tF20+ Fanout delay using FastTrack Interconnect tCH Minimum clock high time from clock pin tCL Minimum clock low time from clock pin tCLRP LE clear pulse width tPREP LE preset pulse width tESBCH Clock high time tESBCL Clock low time tESBWP Write pulse width tESBRP Read pulse width Tables 36 and 37 describe APEX 20K external timing parameters. Table 36. APEX 20K External Timing Parameters Symbol Note (1) Clock Parameter Conditions tINSU Setup time with global clock at IOE register tINH Hold time with global clock at IOE register tOUTCO Clock-to-output delay with global clock at IOE register Table 37. APEX 20K External Bidirectional Timing Parameters Symbol Note (1) Parameter Condition tINSUBIDIR Setup time for bidirectional pins with global clock at same-row or samecolumn LE register tINHBIDIR Hold time for bidirectional pins with global clock at same-row or samecolumn LE register tOUTCOBIDIR Clock-to-output delay for bidirectional pins with global clock at IOE register C1 = 35 pF tXZBIDIR Synchronous IOE output buffer disable delay C1 = 35 pF tZXBIDIR Synchronous IOE output buffer enable delay, slow slew rate = off C1 = 35 pF Note to tables: (1) 76 These timing parameters are sample-tested only. Altera Corporation APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Table 38 through 41 show APEX 20KE LE, ESB, routing, and functional timing microparameters for the fMAX timing model. Table 38. APEX 20KE LE Timing Microparameters Symbol Parameter tSU LE register setup time before clock tH LE register hold time after clock tCO LE register clock-to-output delay tLUT LUT delay for data-in to data-out Table 39. APEX 20KE ESB Timing Microparameters Symbol Altera Corporation Parameter tESBARC ESB Asynchronous read cycle time tESBSRC ESB Synchronous read cycle time tESBAWC ESB Asynchronous write cycle time tESBSWC ESB Synchronous write cycle time tESBWASU ESB write address setup time with respect to WE tESBWAH ESB write address hold time with respect to WE tESBWDSU ESB data setup time with respect to WE tESBWDH ESB data hold time with respect to WE tESBRASU ESB read address setup time with respect to RE tESBRAH ESB read address hold time with respect to RE tESBWESU ESB WE setup time before clock when using input register tESBDATASU ESB data setup time before clock when using input register tESBWADDRSU ESB write address setup time before clock when using input registers tESBRADDRSU ESB read address setup time before clock when using input registers tESBDATACO1 ESB clock-to-output delay when using output registers tESBDATACO2 ESB clock-to-output delay without output registers tESBDD ESB data-in to data-out delay for RAM mode tPD ESB Macrocell input to non-registered output tPTERMSU ESB Macrocell register setup time before clock tPTERMCO ESB Macrocell register clock-to-output delay 77 APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Table 40. APEX 20KE Routing Timing Microparameters Symbol Note (1) Parameter tF1-4 Fanout delay using Local Interconnect tF5-20 Fanout delay estimate using MegaLab Interconnect tF20+ Fanout delay estimate using FastTrack Interconnect Table 41. APEX 20KE Functional Timing Microparameters Symbol TCH Parameter Minimum clock high time from clock pin TCL Minimum clock low time from clock pin TCLRP LE clear Pulse Width TPREP LE preset pulse width TESBCH Clock high time for ESB TESBCL Clock low time for ESB TESBWP Write pulse width TESBRP Read pulse width Note to Table: (1) These parameters are worst-case values for typical applications. Post-compilation timing simulation and timing analysis are required to determine actual worst-case performance. Tables 42 and 43 describe the APEX 20KE external timing parameters. Table 42. APEX 20KE External Timing Parameters Symbol Note (1) Clock Parameter tINSU Setup time with global clock at IOE input register tINH Hold time with global clock at IOE input register tOUTCO Clock-to-output delay with global clock at IOE output register tINSUPLL Setup time with PLL clock at IOE input register tINHPLL Hold time with PLL clock at IOE input register tOUTCOPLL Clock-to-output delay with PLL clock at IOE output register 78 Conditions C1 = 35 pF C1 = 35 pF Altera Corporation APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Table 43. APEX 20KE External Bidirectional Timing Parameters Symbol Note (1) Parameter Condition tINSUBIDIR Setup time for bi-directional pins with global clock at LAB adjacent Input Register tINHBIDIR Hold time for bi-directional pins with global clock at LabB adjacent Input Register tOUTCOBIDIR Clock-to-output delay for bi-directional pins with global clock at IOE output register C1 = 35 pF tXZBIDIR Synchronous Output Enable Register to output buffer disable delay C1 = 35 pF tZXBIDIR Synchronous Output Enable Register output buffer enable delay C1 = 35 pF tINSUBIDIRPLL Setup time for bi-directional pins with PLL clock at LAB adjacent Input Register tINHBIDIRPLL Hold time for bi-directional pins with PLL clock at LAB adjacent Input Register tOUTCOBIDIRPLL Clock-to-output delay for bi-directional pins with PLL clock at IOE output register C1 = 35 pF tXZBIDIRPLL Synchronous Output Enable Register to output buffer disable delay with PLL C1 = 35 pF tZXBIDIRPLL Synchronous Output Enable Register output buffer enable delay with PLL C1 = 35 pF Note to tables: (1) These timing parameters are sample-tested only. Altera Corporation 79 APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Tables 44 through 46 show the fMAX timing parameters for EP20K100, EP20K200, and EP20K400 APEX 20K devices. , Table 44. EP20K100 fMAX Timing Parameters Symbol -1 Speed Grade -2 Speed Grade -3 Speed Grade Min Min Min Max Max tSU 0.5 0.6 0.8 tH 0.7 0.8 1.0 Max tCO 0.3 0.4 0.5 tLUT 0.8 1.0 1.3 tESBRC 1.7 2.1 2.4 tESBWC 5.7 6.9 8.1 tESBWESU 3.3 3.9 4.6 tESBDATASU 2.2 2.7 3.1 tESBADDRSU 2.4 2.9 3.3 tESBDATACO1 1.3 1.6 1.8 tESBDATACO2 2.6 3.1 3.6 tESBDD 2.5 3.3 3.6 tPD 2.5 3.0 3.6 tPTERMSU 2.3 2.6 3.2 tPTERMCO 1.5 1.8 2.1 tF1-4 0.5 0.6 0.7 tF5-20 1.6 1.7 1.8 tF20+ 2.2 2.2 2.3 tCH 2.0 2.5 3.0 tCL 2.0 2.5 3.0 tCLRP 0.3 0.4 0.4 tPREP 0.5 0.5 0.5 tESBCH 2.0 2.5 3.0 tESBCL 2.0 2.5 3.0 tESBWP 1.6 1.9 2.2 tESBRP 1.0 1.3 1.4 80 Altera Corporation APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Table 45. EP20K200 fMAX Timing Parameters Symbol -1 Speed Grade Min Max -2 Speed Grade Min tSU 0.5 0.6 tH 0.7 0.8 Max -3 Speed Grade Min Max 0.8 1.0 tCO 0.3 0.4 0.5 tLUT 0.8 1.0 1.3 tESBRC 1.7 2.1 2.4 tESBWC 5.7 6.9 8.1 tESBWESU 3.3 3.9 4.6 tESBDATASU 2.2 2.7 3.1 tESBADDRSU 2.4 2.9 3.3 tESBDATACO1 1.3 1.6 1.8 tESBDATACO2 2.6 3.1 3.6 tESBDD 2.5 3.3 3.6 tPD 2.5 3.0 tPTERMSU 2.3 2.7 3.6 3.2 tPTERMCO 1.5 1.8 2.1 tF1-4 0.5 0.6 0.7 tF5-20 1.6 1.7 1.8 tF20+ 2.2 2.2 2.3 tCH 2.0 2.5 3.0 tCL 2.0 2.5 3.0 tCLRP 0.3 0.4 0.4 tPREP 0.4 0.5 0.5 tESBCH 2.0 2.5 3.0 tESBCL 2.0 2.5 3.0 tESBWP 1.6 1.9 2.2 tESBRP 1.0 1.3 1.4 Altera Corporation 81 APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Table 46. EP20K400 fMAX Timing Parameters Symbol -1 Speed Grade Min Max -2 Speed Grade Min tSU 0.1 0.3 tH 0.5 0.8 Max -3 Speed Grade Min Max 0.6 0.9 tCO 0.1 0.4 0.6 tLUT 1.0 1.2 1.4 tESBRC 1.7 2.1 2.4 tESBWC 5.7 6.9 8.1 tESBWESU 3.3 3.9 4.6 tESBDATASU 2.2 2.7 3.1 tESBADDRSU 2.4 2.9 3.3 tESBDATACO1 1.3 1.6 1.8 tESBDATACO2 2.5 3.1 3.6 tESBDD 2.5 3.3 3.6 tPD 2.5 3.1 3.6 tPTERMSU 1.7 2.1 2.4 tPTERMCO 1.0 1.2 1.4 tF1-4 0.4 0.5 0.6 tF5-20 2.6 2.8 2.9 tF20+ 3.7 3.8 3.9 tCH 2.0 2.5 3.0 tCL 2.0 2.5 3.0 tCLRP 0.5 0.6 0.8 tPREP 0.5 0.5 0.5 tESBCH 2.0 2.5 3.0 tESBCL 2.0 2.5 3.0 tESBWP 1.5 1.9 2.2 tESBRP 1.0 1.2 1.4 Tables 47 through 52 show the I/O external and external bidirectional timing parameter values for EP20K100, EP20K200, and EP20K400 APEX 20K devices. 82 Altera Corporation APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Table 47. EP20K100 External Timing Parameters Symbol -1 Speed Grade Min Max -2 Speed Grade Min Max -3 Speed Grade Min Unit Max tINSU (1) 2.3 2.8 3.2 ns tINH (1) 0.0 0.0 0.0 ns tOUTCO (1) 2.0 tINSU (2) 1.1 4.5 1.2 – tINH (2) 0.0 0.0 – tOUTCO (2) 0.5 2.7 2.0 0.5 4.9 3.1 2.0 – 6.6 ns ns ns 4.8 ns Table 48. EP20K100 External Bidirectional Timing Parameters Symbol -1 Speed Grade Min tINSUBIDIR (1) Max -2 Speed Grade Min 2.3 tINHBIDIR (1) 0.0 tOUTCOBIDIR (1) 2.0 Max 2.8 2.0 Min ns 0.0 4.9 2.0 Unit Max 3.2 0.0 4.5 -3 Speed Grade ns 6.6 ns tXZBIDIR (1) 5.0 5.9 6.9 ns tZXBIDIR (1) 5.0 5.9 6.9 ns tINSUBIDIR (2) 1.0 1.2 – ns tINHBIDIR (2) 0.0 0.0 – ns tOUTCOBIDIR (2) 0.5 – ns tXZBIDIR (2) 4.3 2.7 0.5 5.0 3.1 – – ns tZXBIDIR (2) 4.3 5.0 – ns Table 49. EP20K200 External Timing Parameters Symbol -1 Speed Grade Min Max -2 Speed Grade Min Max -3 Speed Grade Min tINSU (1) 1.9 2.3 2.6 tINH (1) 0.0 0.0 0.0 tOUTCO (1) 2.0 4.6 2.0 5.6 2.0 Unit Max ns ns 6.8 ns tINSU (2) 1.1 1.2 – ns tINH (2) 0.0 0.0 – ns tOUTCO (2) 0.5 Altera Corporation 2.7 0.5 3.1 – – ns 83 APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Table 50. EP20K200 External Bidirectional Timing Parameters Symbol -1 Speed Grade Min -2 Speed Grade Max Min Max -3 Speed Grade Min Unit Max tINSUBIDIR (1) 1.9 2.3 2.6 ns tINHBIDIR (1) 0.0 0.0 0.0 ns tOUTCOBIDIR (1) 2.0 4.6 tXZBIDIR (1) 2.0 5.6 5.0 tZXBIDIR (1) 2.0 5.9 5.0 5.9 tINSUBIDIR (2) 1.1 1.2 – tINHBIDIR (2) 0.0 0.0 – tOUTCOBIDIR (2) 0.5 2.7 0.5 3.1 – 6.8 ns 6.9 ns 6.9 ns ns ns – ns tXZBIDIR (2) 4.3 5.0 – ns tZXBIDIR (2) 4.3 5.0 – ns Table 51. EP20K400 External Timing Parameters Symbol -1 Speed Grade Min Max -2 Speed Grade Min Max -3 Speed Grade Min Unit Max tINSU (1) 1.4 1.8 2.0 ns tINH (1) 0.0 0.0 0.0 ns tOUTCO (1) 2.0 tINSU (2) 0.4 1.0 – tINH (2) 0.0 0.0 – tOUTCO (2) 0.5 84 4.9 3.1 2.0 0.5 6.1 4.1 2.0 – 7.0 ns ns ns – ns Altera Corporation APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Table 52. EP20K400 External Bidirectional Timing Parameters Symbol -1 Speed Grade Min Max -2 Speed Grade Min Max -3 Speed Grade Min Unit Max tINSUBIDIR (1) 1.4 1.8 2.0 ns tINHBIDIR (1) 0.0 0.0 0.0 ns tOUTCOBIDIR (1) 2.0 4.9 tXZBIDIR (1) 2.0 6.1 7.3 tZXBIDIR (1) 2.0 8.9 7.3 8.9 tINSUBIDIR (2) 0.5 1.0 – tINHBIDIR (2) 0.0 0.0 – tOUTCOBIDIR (2) 0.5 3.1 0.5 4.1 7.0 ns 10.3 ns 10.3 ns ns ns – – ns tXZBIDIR (2) 6.2 7.6 – ns tZXBIDIR (2) 6.2 7.6 – ns Notes to tables: (1) (2) This parameter is measured without using ClockLock or ClockBoost circuits. This parameter is measured using ClockLock or ClockBoost circuits. Tables 53 through 58 describe fMAX LE Timing Microparameters, fMAX ESB Timing Microparameters, fMAX Routing Delays, Minimum Pulse Width Timing Parameters, External Timing Parameters, and External Bidirectional Timing Parameters for EP20K30E APEX 20KE devices. Table 53. EP20K30E Fmax LE Timing Microparameters Symbol -1 Min -2 Max Min -3 Max Min Unit Max tSU 0.01 0.02 0.02 ns tH 0.11 0.16 0.23 ns tCO 0.32 0.45 0.67 ns tLUT 0.85 1.20 1.77 ns Altera Corporation 85 APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Table 54. EP20K30E Fmax ESBTiming Microparameters Symbol -1 Min -2 Max Min -3 Max Min Unit Max tESBARC 2.03 2.86 4.24 ns tESBSRC 2.58 3.49 5.02 ns tESBAWC 3.88 5.45 8.08 ns tESBSWC 4.08 5.35 7.48 ns tESBWASU 1.77 2.49 3.68 ns tESBWAH 0.00 0.00 0.00 ns tESBWDSU 1.95 2.74 4.05 ns tESBWDH 0.00 0.00 0.00 ns tESBRASU 1.96 2.75 4.07 ns tESBRAH 0.00 0.00 0.00 ns tESBWESU 1.80 2.73 4.28 ns tESBDATASU 0.07 0.48 1.17 ns tESBWADDRSU 0.30 0.80 1.64 ns tESBRADDRSU 0.37 0.90 1.78 ns tESBDATACO1 1.11 1.32 1.67 ns tESBDATACO2 2.65 3.73 5.53 ns tESBDD 3.88 5.45 8.08 ns tPD 1.91 2.69 3.98 ns tPTERMSU 1.04 1.71 2.82 1.13 tPTERMCO ns 1.34 1.69 ns Table 55. EP20K30E Fmax Routing Delays Symbol -1 Min -2 Max Min -3 Max Min Unit Max tF1-4 0.24 0.27 0.31 ns tF5-20 1.03 1.14 1.30 ns tF20+ 1.42 1.54 1.77 ns 86 Altera Corporation APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Table 56. EP20K30E Minimum Pulse Width Timing Parameters Symbol -1 Min -2 Max Min -3 Max Min Unit Max tCH 0.55 0.78 1.15 ns tCL 0.55 0.78 1.15 ns tCLRP 0.22 0.31 0.46 ns tPREP 0.22 0.31 0.46 ns tESBCH 0.55 0.78 1.15 ns tESBCL 0.55 0.78 1.15 ns tESBWP 1.43 2.01 2.97 ns tESBRP 1.15 1.62 2.39 ns Table 57. EP20K30E External Timing Parameters Symbol -1 Min -2 Max Min -3 Max Min Unit Max tINSU 2.02 2.13 2.24 ns tINH 0.00 0.00 0.00 ns tOUTCO 2.00 tINSUPLL 2.11 4.88 2.00 2.23 - ns tINHPLL 0.00 0.00 - ns tOUTCOPLL 0.50 2.60 5.36 0.50 2.00 2.88 5.88 - - ns ns Table 58. EP20K30E External Bidirectional Timing Parameters Symbol -1 Min -2 Max Min -3 Max Min tINSUBIDIR 1.85 1.77 1.54 tINHBIDIR 0.00 0.00 0.00 tOUTCOBIDIR 2.00 4.88 2.00 7.48 tXZBIDIR 2.00 8.46 7.48 tZXBIDIR 5.36 8.46 tINSUBIDIRPLL 4.12 4.24 - tINHBIDIRPLL 0.00 0.00 - tOUTCOBIDIRPLL 0.50 2.60 0.50 2.88 - Unit Max ns ns 5.88 ns 9.83 ns 9.83 ns ns ns - ns tXZBIDIRPLL 5.21 5.99 - ns tZXBIDIRPLL 5.21 5.99 - ns Altera Corporation 87 APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Tables 59 through 64 describe fMAX LE Timing Microparameters, fMAX ESB Timing Microparameters, fMAX Routing Delays, Minimum Pulse Width Timing Parameters, External Timing Parameters, and External Bidirectional Timing Parameters for EP20K60E APEX 20KE devices. Table 59. EP20K60E Fmax LE Timing Microparameters Symbol -1 -2 Min Max -3 Min Max Unit Min tSU 0.17 0.15 0.16 tH 0.32 0.33 0.39 Max ns ns tCO 0.29 0.40 0.60 ns tLUT 0.77 1.07 1.59 ns Table 60. EP20K60E Fmax ESBTiming Microparameters Symbol -1 Min -2 Max Min -3 Max Min Unit Max tESBARC 1.83 2.57 3.79 ns tESBSRC 2.46 3.26 4.61 ns tESBAWC 3.50 4.90 7.23 ns tESBSWC 3.77 4.90 6.79 ns tESBWASU 1.59 2.23 3.29 ns tESBWAH 0.00 0.00 0.00 ns tESBWDSU 1.75 2.46 3.62 ns tESBWDH 0.00 0.00 0.00 ns tESBRASU 1.76 2.47 3.64 ns tESBRAH 0.00 0.00 0.00 ns tESBWESU 1.68 2.49 3.87 ns tESBDATASU 0.08 0.43 1.04 ns tESBWADDRSU 0.29 0.72 1.46 ns tESBRADDRSU 0.36 0.81 1.58 ns tESBDATACO1 1.06 1.24 1.55 ns tESBDATACO2 2.39 3.35 4.94 ns tESBDD 3.50 4.90 7.23 ns 1.72 tPD tPTERMSU tPTERMCO 88 0.99 2.41 1.56 1.07 3.56 2.55 1.26 ns ns 1.08 ns Altera Corporation APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Table 61. EP20K60E Fmax Routing Delays Symbol -1 Min -2 Max Min -3 Max Min Unit Max tF1-4 0.24 0.26 0.30 ns tF5-20 1.45 1.58 1.79 ns tF20+ 1.96 2.14 2.45 ns Table 62. EP20K60E Minimum Pulse Width Timing Parameters Symbol -1 Min -2 Max Min -3 Max Min Unit Max tCH 2.00 2.50 2.75 ns tCL 2.00 2.50 2.75 ns tCLRP 0.20 0.28 0.41 ns tPREP 0.20 0.28 0.41 ns tESBCH 2.00 2.50 2.75 ns tESBCL 2.00 2.50 2.75 ns tESBWP 1.29 1.80 2.66 ns tESBRP 1.04 1.45 2.14 ns Table 63. EP20K60E External Timing Parameters Symbol -1 Min tINSU -2 Max 2.03 tINH 0.00 tOUTCO 2.00 Min -3 Max 2.12 2.00 Max 2.23 0.00 4.84 Min Unit ns 0.00 5.31 2.00 ns 5.81 ns tINSUPLL 1.12 1.15 - ns tINHPLL 0.00 0.00 - ns tOUTCOPLL 0.50 Altera Corporation 3.37 0.50 3.69 - - ns 89 APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Table 64. EP20K60E External Bidirectional Timing Parameters Symbol -1 Min -2 Max Min -3 Max Min Unit Max tINSUBIDIR 1.96 1.80 1.60 ns tINHBIDIR 0.00 0.00 0.00 ns tOUTCOBIDIR 2.00 5.81 ns tXZBIDIR 4.84 6.47 2.00 5.31 7.44 2.00 8.65 ns tZXBIDIR 6.47 7.44 8.65 ns tINSUBIDIRPLL 3.44 3.24 - tINHBIDIRPLL 0.00 0.00 - tOUTCOBIDIRPLL 0.50 3.37 0.50 3.69 ns ns - - ns tXZBIDIRPLL 5.00 5.82 - ns tZXBIDIRPLL 5.00 5.82 - ns Tables 65 through 70 describe fMAX LE Timing Microparameters, fMAX ESB Timing Microparameters, fMAX Routing Delays, Minimum Pulse Width Timing Parameters, External Timing Parameters, and External Bidirectional Timing Parameters for EP20K100E APEX 20KE devices. Table 65. EP20K100E Fmax LE Timing Microparameters Symbol -1 Min -2 Max Min -3 Max Min tSU 0.25 0.25 0.25 tH 0.25 0.25 0.25 Unit Max ns ns tCO 0.28 0.28 0.34 ns tLUT 0.80 0.95 1.13 ns 90 Altera Corporation APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Table 66. EP20K100E Fmax ESBTiming Microparameters Symbol -1 Min -2 Max Min -3 Max Min Unit Max tESBARC 1.61 1.84 1.97 ns tESBSRC 2.57 2.97 3.20 ns tESBAWC 0.52 4.09 4.39 ns tESBSWC 3.17 3.78 4.09 ns tESBWASU 0.56 6.41 0.63 ns tESBWAH 0.48 0.54 0.55 ns tESBWDSU 0.71 0.80 0.81 ns tESBWDH .048 0.54 0.55 ns tESBRASU 1.57 1.75 1.87 ns tESBRAH 0.00 0.00 0.20 ns tESBWESU 1.54 1.72 1.80 ns tESBDATASU -0.16 -0.20 -0.20 ns tESBWADDRSU 0.12 0.08 0.13 ns tESBRADDRSU 0.17 0.15 0.19 ns tESBDATACO1 1.20 1.39 1.52 ns tESBDATACO2 2.54 2.99 3.22 ns tESBDD 3.06 3.56 3.85 ns tPD 1.73 2.02 2.20 ns tPTERMSU 1.11 1.26 1.38 1.19 tPTERMCO ns 1.40 1.08 ns Table 67. EP20K100E Fmax Routing Delays Symbol -1 Min -2 Max Min -3 Max Min Unit Max tF1-4 0.24 0.27 0.29 ns tF5-20 1.04 1.26 1.52 ns tF20+ 1.12 1.36 1.86 ns Altera Corporation 91 APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Table 68. EP20K100E Minimum Pulse Width Timing Parameters Symbol -1 Min -2 Max Min -3 Max Min Unit Max tCH 2.00 2.00 2.00 ns tCL 2.00 2.00 2.00 ns tCLRP 0.20 0.20 0.20 ns tPREP 0.20 0.20 0.20 ns tESBCH 2.00 2.00 2.00 ns tESBCL 2.00 2.00 2.00 ns tESBWP 1.29 1.53 1.66 ns tESBRP 1.11 1.29 1.41 ns Table 69. EP20K100E External Timing Parameters Symbol -1 Min -2 Max Min -3 Max Min Unit Max tINSU 2.23 2.32 2.43 ns tINH 0.00 0.00 0.00 ns tOUTCO 2.00 tINSUPLL 1.58 tINHPLL 0.00 tOUTCOPLL 0.50 4.86 2.00 5.35 2.00 1.66 0.00 2.96 5.84 - ns - 0.50 3.29 ns ns - - ns Table 70. EP20K100E External Bidirectional Timing Parameters Symbol -1 Min -2 Max Min -3 Max Min tINSUBIDIR 2.74 2.96 3.19 tINHBIDIR 0.00 0.00 0.00 tOUTCOBIDIR 2.00 4.86 2.00 5.00 tXZBIDIR 2.00 5.48 5.00 tZXBIDIR 5.35 5.48 tINSUBIDIRPLL 4.64 5.03 - tINHBIDIRPLL 0.00 0.00 - tOUTCOBIDIRPLL 0.50 2.96 0.50 3.29 - Unit Max ns ns 5.84 ns 5.89 ns 5.89 ns ns ns - ns tXZBIDIRPLL 3.10 3.42 - ns tZXBIDIRPLL 3.10 3.42 - ns 92 Altera Corporation APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Tables 71 through 76 describe fMAX LE Timing Microparameters, fMAX ESB Timing Microparameters, fMAX Routing Delays, Minimum Pulse Width Timing Parameters, External Timing Parameters, and External Bidirectional Timing Parameters for EP20K160E APEX 20KE devices. Table 71. EP20K160E Fmax LE Timing Microparameters Symbol -1 -2 Min Max -3 Min Max Unit Min tSU 0.22 0.24 0.26 tH 0.22 0.24 0.26 Max ns ns tCO 0.25 0.31 0.35 ns tLUT 0.69 0.88 1.12 ns Table 72. EP20K160E Fmax ESBTiming Microparameters Symbol -1 Min -2 Max Min -3 Max Min Unit Max tESBARC 1.65 2.02 2.11 ns tESBSRC 2.21 2.70 3.11 ns tESBAWC 3.04 3.79 4.42 ns tESBSWC 2.81 3.56 4.10 ns tESBWASU 0.54 0.66 0.73 ns tESBWAH 0.36 0.45 0.47 ns tESBWDSU 0.68 0.81 0.94 ns tESBWDH 0.36 0.45 0.47 ns tESBRASU 1.58 1.87 2.06 ns tESBRAH 0.00 0.00 0.01 ns ns tESBWESU 1.41 1.71 2.00 tESBDATASU -0.02 -0.03 0.09 ns tESBWADDRSU 0.14 0.17 0.35 ns tESBRADDRSU 0.21 0.27 0.43 ns tESBDATACO1 1.04 1.30 1.46 ns tESBDATACO2 2.15 2.70 3.16 ns tESBDD 2.69 3.35 3.97 ns tPD 1.55 1.93 2.29 tPTERMSU tPTERMCO Altera Corporation 1.01 1.23 1.06 1.52 1.32 ns ns 1.04 ns 93 APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Table 73. EP20K160E Fmax Routing Delays Symbol -1 Min -2 Max Min -3 Max Min Unit Max tF1-4 0.25 0.26 0.28 ns tF5-20 1.00 1.18 1.35 ns tF20+ 1.95 2.19 2.30 ns Table 74. EP20K160E Minimum Pulse Width Timing Parameters Symbol -1 Min -2 Max Min -3 Max Min Unit Max tCH 1.34 1.43 1.55 ns tCL 1.34 1.43 1.55 ns tCLRP 0.18 0.19 0.21 ns tPREP 0.18 0.19 0.21 ns tESBCH 1.34 1.43 1.55 ns tESBCL 1.34 1.43 1.55 ns tESBWP 1.15 1.45 1.73 ns tESBRP 0.93 1.15 1.38 ns Table 75. EP20K160E External Timing Parameters Symbol -1 Min tINSU -2 Max 2.23 tINH 0.00 tOUTCO 2.00 Min -3 Max 2.34 2.00 Max 2.47 0.00 5.07 Min Unit ns 0.00 5.59 2.00 ns 6.13 ns tINSUPLL 2.12 2.07 - ns tINHPLL 0.00 0.00 - ns tOUTCOPLL 0.50 94 3.00 0.50 3.35 - - ns Altera Corporation APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Table 76. EP20K160E External Bidirectional Timing Parameters Symbol -1 Min -2 Max Min -3 Max Min Unit Max tINSUBIDIR 2.86 3.24 3.54 ns tINHBIDIR 0.00 0.00 0.00 ns tOUTCOBIDIR 2.00 6.13 ns tXZBIDIR 5.07 7.43 2.00 5.59 8.23 2.00 8.58 ns tZXBIDIR 7.43 8.23 8.58 ns tINSUBIDIRPLL 4.93 5.48 - tINHBIDIRPLL 0.00 0.00 - tOUTCOBIDIRPLL 0.50 3.00 0.50 3.35 ns ns - - ns tXZBIDIRPLL 5.36 5.99 - ns tZXBIDIRPLL 5.36 5.99 - ns Tables 77 through 82 describe fMAX LE Timing Microparameters, fMAX ESB Timing Microparameters, fMAX Routing Delays, Minimum Pulse Width Timing Parameters, External Timing Parameters, and External Bidirectional Timing Parameters for EP20K200E APEX 20KE devices. Table 77. EP20K200E fMAX LE Timing Microparameters Symbol -1 Min -2 Max Min -3 Max Min Unit Max tSU 0.23 0.24 0.26 ns tH 0.23 0.24 0.26 ns tCO 0.26 0.31 0.36 ns tLUT 0.70 0.90 1.14 ns Altera Corporation 95 APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Table 78. EP20K200E fMAX ESBTiming Microparameters Symbol -1 Min -2 Max Min -3 Max Min Unit Max tESBARC 1.68 2.06 2.24 ns tESBSRC 2.27 2.77 3.18 ns tESBAWC 3.10 3.86 4.50 ns tESBSWC 2.90 3.67 4.21 ns tESBWASU 0.55 0.67 0.74 ns tESBWAH 0.36 0.46 0.48 ns tESBWDSU 0.69 0.83 0.95 ns tESBWDH 0.36 0.46 0.48 ns tESBRASU 1.61 1.90 2.09 ns tESBRAH 0.00 0.00 0.01 ns tESBWESU 1.42 1.71 2.01 ns tESBDATASU -0.06 -0.07 0.05 ns tESBWADDRSU 0.11 0.13 0.31 ns tESBRADDRSU 0.18 0.23 0.39 ns tESBDATACO1 1.09 1.35 1.51 ns tESBDATACO2 2.19 2.75 3.22 ns tESBDD 2.75 3.41 4.03 ns tPD 1.58 1.97 2.33 ns tPTERMSU 1.00 1.22 1.51 1.10 tPTERMCO ns 1.37 1.09 ns Table 79. EP20K200E fMAX Routing Delays Symbol -1 Min -2 Max Min -3 Max Min Unit Max tF1-4 0.25 0.27 0.29 ns tF5-20 1.02 1.20 1.41 ns tF20+ 1.99 2.23 2.53 ns 96 Altera Corporation APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Table 80. EP20K200E Minimum Pulse Width Timing Parameters Symbol -1 Min -2 Max Min -3 Max Min Unit Max tCH 1.36 2.44 2.65 ns tCL 1.36 2.44 2.65 ns tCLRP 0.18 0.19 0.21 ns tPREP 0.18 0.19 0.21 ns tESBCH 1.36 2.44 2.65 ns tESBCL 1.36 2.44 2.65 ns tESBWP 1.18 1.48 1.76 ns tESBRP 0.95 1.17 1.41 ns Table 81. EP20K200E External Timing Parameters Symbol -1 Min -2 Max Min -3 Max Min Unit Max tINSU 2.24 2.35 2.47 ns tINH 0.00 0.00 0.00 ns tOUTCO 2.00 tINSUPLL 2.13 2.07 - ns tINHPLL 0.00 0.00 - ns tOUTCOPLL 0.50 Altera Corporation 5.12 3.01 2.00 0.50 5.62 3.36 2.00 - 6.11 - ns ns 97 APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Table 82. EP20K200E External Bidirectional Timing Parameters Symbol -1 Min -2 Max Min -3 Max Min Unit Max tINSUBIDIR 2.81 3.19 3.54 ns tINHBIDIR 0.00 0.00 0.00 ns tOUTCOBIDIR 2.00 6.11 ns tXZBIDIR 5.12 7.51 2.00 5.62 8.32 2.00 8.67 ns tZXBIDIR 7.51 8.32 8.67 ns tINSUBIDIRPLL 3.30 3.64 - tINHBIDIRPLL 0.00 0.00 - tOUTCOBIDIRPLL 0.50 3.01 0.50 3.36 ns ns - - ns tXZBIDIRPLL 5.40 6.05 - ns tZXBIDIRPLL 5.40 6.05 - ns Tables 83 through 88 describe fMAX LE Timing Microparameters, fMAX ESB Timing Microparameters, fMAX Routing Delays, Minimum Pulse Width Timing Parameters, External Timing Parameters, and External Bidirectional Timing Parameters for EP20K300E APEX 20KE devices. Table 83. EP20K300E fMAX LE Timing Microparameters Symbol -1 Min -2 Max Min -3 Max Min Unit Max tSU 0.22 0.22 0.23 ns tH 0.22 0.22 0.23 ns tCO 0.24 0.29 0.32 ns tLUT 0.67 0.83 1.01 ns 98 Altera Corporation APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Table 84. EP20K300E fMAX ESBTiming Microparameters Symbol -1 Min -2 Max Min -3 Max Min Unit Max tESBARC 1.59 1.89 1.98 ns tESBSRC 2.19 2.62 2.89 ns tESBAWC 2.94 3.56 3.96 ns tESBSWC 2.87 3.56 3.96 ns tESBWASU 0.52 0.62 0.65 ns tESBWAH 0.35 0.42 0.42 ns tESBWDSU 0.69 0.76 0.84 ns tESBWDH 0.35 0.42 0.42 ns tESBRASU 1.53 1.75 1.85 ns tESBRAH 0.00 0.00 0.01 ns tESBWESU 1.29 1.49 1.64 ns tESBDATASU -0.17 -0.24 -0.20 ns tESBWADDRSU 0.01 0.05 0.03 ns tESBRADDRSU 0.06 0.04 0.11 ns tESBDATACO1 1.10 1.36 1.49 ns tESBDATACO2 2.08 2.53 2.83 ns tESBDD 2.60 3.14 3.55 ns tPD 1.50 1.81 2.05 ns tPTERMSU 0.88 1.01 1.18 1.12 tPTERMCO ns 1.39 1.12 ns Table 85. EP20K300E fMAX Routing Delays Symbol -1 Min -2 Max Min -3 Max Min Unit Max tF1-4 0.24 0.25 0.25 ns tF5-20 0.96 1.11 1.24 ns tF20+ 3.51 3.62 3.72 ns Altera Corporation 99 APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Table 86. EP20K300E Minimum Pulse Width Timing Parameters Symbol -1 Min -2 Max Min -3 Max Min Unit Max tCH 1.29 2.25 2.33 ns tCL 1.29 2.25 2.33 ns tCLRP 0.17 0.18 0.19 ns tPREP 0.17 0.18 0.19 ns tESBCH 1.29 2.25 2.33 ns tESBCL 1.29 2.25 2.33 ns tESBWP 1.12 1.36 1.55 ns tESBRP 0.90 1.08 1.24 ns Table 87. EP20K300E External Timing Parameters Symbol -1 Min -2 Max Min -3 Max Min Unit Max tINSU 2.29 2.41 2.52 ns tINH 0.00 0.00 0.00 ns tOUTCO 2.00 tINSUPLL 1.94 tINHPLL 0.00 tOUTCOPLL 0.50 5.21 2.00 5.72 2.00 1.95 0.00 2.72 6.23 - ns - 0.50 3.06 ns ns - - ns Table 88. EP20K300E External Bidirectional Timing Parameters Symbol -1 Min -2 Max Min -3 Max Min tINSUBIDIR 2.67 3.00 3.54 tINHBIDIR 0.00 0.00 0.00 tOUTCOBIDIR 2.00 5.21 2.00 7.55 tXZBIDIR 2.00 8.34 7.55 tZXBIDIR 5.72 8.34 tINSUBIDIRPLL 3.53 3.84 - tINHBIDIRPLL 0.00 0.00 - tOUTCOBIDIRPLL 0.50 2.72 0.50 3.06 - Unit Max ns ns 6.23 ns 8.65 ns 8.65 ns ns ns - ns tXZBIDIRPLL 5.07 5.68 - ns tZXBIDIRPLL 5.07 5.68 - ns 100 Altera Corporation APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Tables 89 through 94 describe fMAX LE Timing Microparameters, fMAX ESB Timing Microparameters, fMAX Routing Delays, Minimum Pulse Width Timing Parameters, External Timing Parameters, and External Bidirectional Timing Parameters for EP20K400E APEX 20KE devices. Table 89. EP20K400E fMAX LE Timing Microparameters Symbol -1 Speed Grade Min Max -2 Speed Grade Min Max -3 Speed Grade Min tSU 0.23 0.23 0.23 tH 0.23 0.23 0.23 Unit Max ns ns tCO 0.25 0.29 0.32 ns tLUT 0.70 0.83 1.01 ns Table 90. EP20K400E fMAX ESBTiming Microparameters Symbol -1 Speed Grade Min Max -2 Speed Grade Min Max -3 Speed Grade Min Unit Max tESBARC 1.67 1.91 1.99 ns tESBSRC 2.30 2.66 2.93 ns tESBAWC 3.09 3.58 3.99 ns tESBSWC 3.01 3.65 4.05 ns tESBWASU 0.54 0.63 0.65 ns tESBWAH 0.36 0.43 0.42 ns tESBWDSU 0.69 0.77 0.84 ns tESBWDH 0.36 0.43 0.42 ns tESBRASU 1.61 1.77 1.86 ns tESBRAH 0.00 0.00 0.01 ns tESBWESU 1.35 1.47 1.61 ns tESBDATASU -0.18 -0.30 -0.27 ns tESBWADDRSU -0.02 -0.11 -0.03 ns tESBRADDRSU 0.06 -0.01 -0.05 ns tESBDATACO1 1.16 1.40 1.54 ns tESBDATACO2 2.18 2.55 2.85 ns tESBDD 2.73 3.17 3.58 ns tPD 1.57 1.83 2.07 tPTERMSU tPTERMCO Altera Corporation 0.92 0.99 1.18 1.18 1.43 ns ns 1.17 ns 101 APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Table 91. EP20K400E fMAX Routing Delays Symbol -1 Speed Grade Min Max -2 Speed Grade Min Max -3 Speed Grade Min Unit Max tF1-4 0.25 0.25 0.26 ns tF5-20 1.01 1.12 1.25 ns tF20+ 3.71 3.92 4.17 ns Table 92. EP20K400E Minimum Pulse Width Timing Parameters Symbol -1 Speed Grade Min Max -2 Speed Grade Min Max -3 Speed Grade Min Unit Max tCH 1.36 2.22 2.35 ns tCL 1.36 2.26 2.35 ns tCLRP 0.18 0.18 0.19 ns tPREP 0.18 0.18 0.19 ns tESBCH 1.36 2.26 2.35 ns tESBCL 1.36 2.26 2.35 ns tESBWP 1.17 1.38 1.56 ns tESBRP 0.94 1.09 1.25 ns Table 93. EP20K400E External Timing Parameters Symbol -1 Speed Grade Min tINSU Max 2.51 tINH 0.00 tOUTCO 2.00 -2 Speed Grade Min Max 2.64 2.00 Min 2.00 tINSUPLL 3.221 3.38 - tINHPLL 0.00 0.00 - tOUTCOPLL 0.50 102 2.25 0.50 ns 0.00 5.79 2.45 - Unit Max 2.77 0.00 5.25 -3 Speed Grade ns 6.32 ns ns ns - ns Altera Corporation APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Table 94. EP20K400E External Bidirectional Timing Parameters Symbol -1 Speed Grade Min -2 Speed Grade Max Min Max -3 Speed Grade Min Unit Max tINSUBIDIR 2.93 3.23 3.44 ns tINHBIDIR 0.00 0.00 0.00 ns tOUTCOBIDIR 2.00 6.32 ns tXZBIDIR 5.25 5.95 2.00 5.79 6.77 2.00 7.12 ns tZXBIDIR 5.95 6.77 7.12 ns tINSUBIDIRPLL 4.31 4.76 - tINHBIDIRPLL 0.00 0.00 - tOUTCOBIDIRPLL 0.50 2.25 0.50 2.45 - ns ns - ns tXZBIDIRPLL 2.94 3.43 - ns tZXBIDIRPLL 2.94 3.43 - ns Tables 96 through 100 describe fMAX LE Timing Microparameters, fMAX ESB Timing Microparameters, fMAX Routing Delays, Minimum Pulse Width Timing Parameters, External Timing Parameters, and External Bidirectional Timing Parameters for EP20K600E APEX 20KE devices. Table 95. EP20K600E fMAX LE Timing Microparameters Symbol -1 Speed Grade Min Max -2 Speed Grade Min Max -3 Speed Grade Min Unit Max tSU 0.16 0.16 0.17 ns tH 0.29 0.33 0.37 ns tCO 0.65 0.38 0.49 ns tLUT 0.70 1.00 1.30 ns Altera Corporation 103 APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Table 96. EP20K600E fMAX ESBTiming Microparameters Symbol -1 Speed Grade Min Max -2 Speed Grade Min Max -3 Speed Grade Min Unit Max tESBARC 1.67 2.39 3.11 ns tESBSRC 2.27 3.07 3.86 ns tESBAWC 3.19 4.56 5.93 ns tESBSWC 3.51 4.62 5.72 ns tESBWASU 1.46 2.08 2.70 ns tESBWAH 0.00 0.00 0.00 ns tESBWDSU 1.60 2.29 2.97 ns tESBWDH 0.00 0.00 0.00 ns tESBRASU 1.61 2.30 2.99 ns tESBRAH 0.00 0.00 0.00 ns tESBWESU 1.49 2.30 3.11 ns tESBDATASU -0.01 0.35 0.71 ns tESBWADDRSU 0.19 0.62 1.06 ns tESBRADDRSU 0.25 0.71 1.17 ns tESBDATACO1 1.01 1.19 1.37 ns tESBDATACO2 2.18 3.12 4.05 ns tESBDD 3.19 4.56 5.93 ns tPD 1.57 2.25 2.92 ns tPTERMSU 0.85 1.43 1.03 tPTERMCO 2.01 ns 1.21 1.39 ns Table 97. EP20K600E fMAX Routing Delays Symbol -1 Speed Grade Min Max -2 Speed Grade Min Max -3 Speed Grade Min Unit Max tF1-4 0.22 0.25 0.26 ns tF5-20 1.26 1.39 1.52 ns tF20+ 3.51 3.88 4.26 ns 104 Altera Corporation APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Table 98. EP20K600E Minimum Pulse Width Timing Parameters Symbol -1 Speed Grade Min -2 Speed Grade Max Min -3 Speed Grade Max Min Unit Max tCH 2.00 2.50 2.75 ns tCL 2.00 2.50 2.75 ns tCLRP 0.18 0.26 0.34 ns tPREP 0.18 0.26 0.34 ns tESBCH 2.00 2.50 2.75 ns tESBCL 2.00 2.50 2.75 ns tESBWP 1.17 1.68 2.18 ns tESBRP 0.95 1.35 1.76 ns Table 99. EP20K600E External Timing Parameters Symbol -1 Speed Grade Min -2 Speed Grade Max Min -3 Speed Grade Max Min Unit Max tINSU 2.74 2.74 2.87 ns tINH 0.00 0.00 0.00 ns tOUTCO 2.00 tINSUPLL 1.86 5.51 2.00 1.96 - ns tINHPLL 0.00 0.00 - ns tOUTCOPLL 0.50 2.62 6.06 0.50 2.00 2.91 - 6.61 - ns ns Table 100. EP20K600E External Bidirectional Timing Parameters Symbol -1 Speed Grade Min Max -2 Speed Grade -3 Speed Grade Min Min Max tINSUBIDIR 0.64 0.98 1.08 tINHBIDIR 0.00 0.00 0.00 tOUTCOBIDIR 2.00 5.51 2.00 6.10 tXZBIDIR 2.00 6.74 6.10 tZXBIDIR 6.06 6.74 tINSUBIDIRPLL 2.26 2.68 - tINHBIDIRPLL 0.00 0.00 - tOUTCOBIDIRPLL 0.50 2.62 0.50 2.91 - Unit Max ns ns 6.61 ns 7.10 ns 7.10 ns ns ns - ns tXZBIDIRPLL 3.21 3.59 - ns tZXBIDIRPLL 3.21 3.59 - ns Altera Corporation 105 APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Tables 101 through 106 describe fMAX LE Timing Microparameters, fMAX ESB Timing Microparameters, fMAX Routing Delays, Minimum Pulse Width Timing Parameters, External Timing Parameters, and External Bidirectional Timing Parameters for EP20K1000E APEX 20KE devices. Table 101. EP20K1000E fMAX LE Timing Microparameters Symbol -1 Speed Grade Min Max Note (1) -2 Speed Grade Min Max -3 Speed Grade Min tSU 0.16 0.15 0.15 tH 0.27 0.29 0.33 Unit Max ns ns tCO 0.24 0.30 0.40 ns tLUT 0.69 0.87 1.15 ns Table 102. EP20K1000E fMAX ESBTiming Microparameters Symbol -1 Speed Grade Min Max Note (1) -2 Speed Grade Min Max -3 Speed Grade Min Unit Max tESBARC 1.39 1.76 2.32 ns tESBSRC 2.26 2.74 3.46 ns tESBAWC 3.08 3.90 5.13 ns tESBSWC 3.38 4.03 4.99 ns tESBWASU 1.35 1.71 2.25 ns tESBWAH 0.00 0.00 0.00 ns tESBWDSU 1.48 1.87 2.46 ns tESBWDH 0.00 0.00 0.00 ns tESBRASU 1.36 1.72 2.26 ns tESBRAH 0.00 0.00 0.00 ns tESBWESU 1.38 1.86 2.58 ns tESBDATASU -0.13 0.07 0.37 ns tESBWADDRSU 0.12 0.38 0.77 ns tESBRADDRSU 0.16 0.43 0.83 ns tESBDATACO1 1.00 1.11 1.28 ns tESBDATACO2 2.20 2.79 3.66 ns tESBDD 3.08 3.90 5.13 ns tPD 1.50 1.90 2.49 tPTERMSU tPTERMCO 106 0.80 1.14 0.99 1.66 1.10 ns ns 1.26 ns Altera Corporation APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Table 103. EP20K1000E fMAX Routing Delays Symbol -1 Speed Grade Min Max Note (1) -2 Speed Grade Min Max -3 Speed Grade Min Unit Max tF1-4 0.21 0.23 0.46 ns tF5-20 1.19 1.26 1.34 ns tF20+ 4.39 4.62 4.95 ns Table 104. EP20K1000E Minimum Pulse Width Timing Parameters Symbol -1 Speed Grade Min Max -2 Speed Grade Min Max Note (1) -3 Speed Grade Min Unit Max tCH 2.00 2.50 2.75 ns tCL 2.00 2.50 2.75 ns tCLRP 0.17 0.22 0.29 ns tPREP 0.17 0.22 0.29 ns tESBCH 2.00 2.50 2.75 ns tESBCL 2.00 2.50 2.75 ns tESBWP 1.12 1.42 1.86 ns tESBRP 0.96 1.22 1.60 ns Table 105. EP20K1000E External Timing Parameters Symbol -1 Speed Grade Min tINSU Max 2.23 tINH 0.00 tOUTCO 2.00 Note (1) -2 Speed Grade Min Max 2.40 2.00 Min ns 0.00 5.75 2.00 Unit Max 2.55 0.00 5.18 -3 Speed Grade ns 6.25 ns tINSUPLL 1.66 1.75 - ns tINHPLL 0.00 0.00 - ns tOUTCOPLL 0.50 Altera Corporation 1.86 0.50 2.03 - - ns 107 APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Table 106. EP20K1000E External Bidirectional Timing Parameters Symbol -1 Speed Grade Min -2 Speed Grade Max Min Max Note (1) -3 Speed Grade Min Unit Max tINSUBIDIR 2.49 2.56 2.55 ns tINHBIDIR 0.00 0.00 0.00 ns tOUTCOBIDIR 2.00 6.25 ns tXZBIDIR 5.18 7.39 2.00 8.28 9.21 ns tZXBIDIR 7.39 8.28 9.21 ns tINSUBIDIRPLL 3.27 3.35 tINHBIDIRPLL 0.00 0.00 tOUTCOBIDIRPLL 0.50 1.86 5.75 2.00 ns ns 0.50 2.03 ns tXZBIDIRPLL 4.06 4.56 ns tZXBIDIRPLL 4.06 4.56 ns Note to Tables 101 - 106: (1) The timing information for these tables is preliminary. Tables 107 through 112 describe fMAX LE Timing Microparameters, fMAX ESB Timing Microparameters, fMAX Routing Delays, Minimum Pulse Width Timing Parameters, External Timing Parameters, and External Bidirectional Timing Parameters for EP20K1500E APEX 20KE devices. Table 107. EP20K1500E fMAX LE Timing Microparameters Symbol -1 Speed Grade Min Max Note (1) -2 Speed Grade Min Max -3 Speed Grade Min tSU 0.26 0.26 0.27 tH 0.26 0.26 0.27 Unit Max ns ns tCO 0.29 0.34 0.36 ns tLUT 0.81 0.97 1.15 ns 108 Altera Corporation APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Table 108. EP20K1500E fMAX ESBTiming Microparameters Symbol -1 Speed Grade Min Max Note (1) -2 Speed Grade Min Max -3 Speed Grade Min Unit Max tESBARC 1.92 2.22 2.26 ns tESBSRC 2.61 3.04 3.29 ns tESBAWC 3.55 4.17 4.54 ns tESBSWC 3.38 4.12 4.51 ns tESBWASU 0.63 0.73 0.75 ns tESBWAH 0.42 0.49 0.48 ns tESBWDSU 0.80 0.90 0.96 ns tESBWDH 0.42 0.49 0.48 ns tESBRASU 1.85 2.05 2.11 ns tESBRAH 0.00 0.00 0.01 ns tESBWESU 1.59 1.77 1.88 ns tESBDATASU -0.14 -0.24 -0.22 ns tESBWADDRSU 0.05 -0.01 0.05 ns tESBRADDRSU 0.14 0.09 0.13 ns tESBDATACO1 1.27 1.54 1.69 ns tESBDATACO2 2.51 2.97 3.24 ns tESBDD 3.15 3.69 4.07 ns tPD 1.81 2.13 2.35 ns tPTERMSU 1.11 1.22 1.29 tPTERMCO Table 109. EP20K1500E fMAX Routing Delays Symbol -1 Speed Grade Min Max 1.35 ns 1.58 1.26 ns Note (1) -2 Speed Grade Min Max -3 Speed Grade Min Unit Max tF1-4 0.29 0.29 0.29 ns tF5-20 1.12 1.37 1.46 ns tF20+ 5.50 5.94 6.27 ns Altera Corporation 109 APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Table 110. EP20K1500E Minimum Pulse Width Timing Parameters Symbol -1 Speed Grade Min Max -2 Speed Grade Min Max Note (1) -3 Speed Grade Min Unit Max tCH 1.56 2.63 2.67 ns tCL 1.56 2.63 2.67 ns tCLRP 0.21 0.21 0.21 ns tPREP 0.21 0.21 0.21 ns tESBCH 1.56 2.63 2.67 ns tESBCL 1.56 2.63 2.67 ns tESBWP 1.35 1.60 1.77 ns tESBRP 1.09 1.26 1.42 ns Table 111. EP20K1500E External Timing Parameters Symbol -1 Speed Grade Min Max Note (1) -2 Speed Grade Min Max -3 Speed Grade Min Unit Max tINSU 2.78 2.92 3.06 ns tINH 0.00 0.00 0.00 ns tOUTCO 2.00 tINSUPLL 2.46 tINHPLL 0.00 tOUTCOPLL 0.50 110 5.99 2.00 6.67 2.44 0.50 7.22 - 0.00 2.46 2.00 ns 2.80 - ns ns - ns Altera Corporation APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Table 112. EP20K1500E External Bidirectional Timing Parameters Symbol -1 Speed Grade Min tINSUBIDIR 2.70 tINHBIDIR 0.00 tOUTCOBIDIR 2.00 Max -2 Speed Grade Min Max 3.06 2.00 -3 Speed Grade Min ns 0.00 6.67 2.00 Unit Max 3.21 0.00 5.99 Note (1) ns 7.22 ns tXZBIDIR 7.90 8.68 8.98 ns tZXBIDIR 7.90 8.68 8.98 ns tINSUBIDIRPLL 4.61 tINHBIDIRPLL 0.00 tOUTCOBIDIRPLL 0.50 5.12 ns 0.00 2.46 0.50 ns 2.80 ns tXZBIDIRPLL 4.36 4.81 ns tZXBIDIRPLL 4.36 4.81 ns Note to Tables 107 - 112: (1) The timing information for these tables is preliminary. Tables 113 and 114 show selectable I/O standard input and output delays for APEX 20KE devices. If you select an I/O standard input or output delay other than LVCMOS, add or subtract the selected speed grade to or from the LVCMOS value. Table 113. Selectable I/O Standard Input Delays Symbol -1 Speed Grade -2 Speed Grade -3 Speed Grade Unit Min Min Min Min Max Max Max LVCMOS 0.00 0.00 0.00 ns LVTTL 0.00 0.00 0.00 ns 2.5 V 0.00 0.04 0.05 ns 1.8 V –0.11 0.03 0.04 ns PCI 0.01 0.09 0.10 ns GTL+ –0.24 –0.23 –0.19 ns SSTL-3 Class I –0.32 –0.21 –0.47 ns SSTL-3 Class II –0.08 0.03 –0.23 ns SSTL-2 Class I –0.17 –0.06 –0.32 ns SSTL-2 Class II –0.16 –0.05 –0.31 ns LVDS –0.12 –0.12 –0.12 ns CTT 0.00 0.00 0.00 ns AGP 0.00 0.00 0.00 ns Altera Corporation 111 APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet Table 114. Selectable I/O Standard Output Delays Symbol -1 Speed Grade -2 Speed Grade -3 Speed Grade Unit Min Min Min Min Max Max Max LVCMOS 0.00 0.00 0.00 ns LVTTL 0.00 0.00 0.00 ns 2.5 V 0.00 0.09 0.10 ns 1.8 V 2.49 2.98 3.03 ns PCI –0.03 0.17 0.16 ns GTL+ 0.75 0.75 0.76 ns SSTL-3 Class I 1.39 1.51 1.50 ns SSTL-3 Class II 1.11 1.23 1.23 ns SSTL-2 Class I 1.35 1.48 1.47 ns SSTL-2 Class II 1.00 1.12 1.12 ns LVDS –0.48 –0.48 –0.48 ns CTT 0.00 0.00 0.00 ns AGP 0.00 0.00 0.00 ns Power Consumption To estimate device power consumption, use the interactive power estimator on the Altera web site at http://www.altera.com. Configuration & Operation The APEX 20K architecture supports several configuration schemes. This section summarizes the device operating modes and available device configuration schemes. Operating Modes The APEX architecture uses SRAM configuration elements that require configuration data to be loaded each time the circuit powers up. The process of physically loading the SRAM data into the device is called configuration. During initialization, which occurs immediately after configuration, the device resets registers, enables I/O pins, and begins to operate as a logic device. The I/O pins are tri-stated during power-up, and before and during configuration. Together, the configuration and initialization processes are called command mode; normal device operation is called user mode. Before and during device configuration, all I/O pins are pulled to VCCIO by a built-in weak pull-up resistor. 112 Altera Corporation APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet SRAM configuration elements allow APEX 20K devices to be reconfigured in-circuit by loading new configuration data into the device. Real-time reconfiguration is performed by forcing the device into command mode with a device pin, loading different configuration data, reinitializing the device, and resuming user-mode operation. In-field upgrades can be performed by distributing new configuration files. Configuration Schemes The configuration data for an APEX 20K device can be loaded with one of five configuration schemes (see Table 115), chosen on the basis of the target application. An EPC2 or EPC16 configuration device, intelligent controller, or the JTAG port can be used to control the configuration of an APEX 20K device. When a configuration device is used, the system can configure automatically at system power-up. Multiple APEX 20K devices can be configured in any of five configuration schemes by connecting the configuration enable (nCE) and configuration enable output (nCEO) pins on each device. Table 115. Data Sources for Configuration Configuration Scheme Data Source Configuration device EPC1, EPC2, EPC16 configuration devices Passive serial (PS) MasterBlaster or ByteBlasterMV download cable or serial data source Passive parallel asynchronous (PPA) Parallel data source Passive parallel synchronous (PPS) Parallel data source JTAG MasterBlaster or ByteBlasterMV download cable or a microprocessor with a Jam or JBC File f For more information on configuration, see Application Note 116 (Configuring APEX 20K, FLEX 10K, & FLEX 6000 Devices.) Device PinOuts See the Altera web site (http://www.altera.com) or the Altera Digital Library for pin-out information. Revision History The information contained in the APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet version 3.7 supersedes information published in previous versions. Version 3.7 Changes ■ Altera Corporation Added Tables 37 through 43. 113 APEX 20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ Added Note (1) to Tables 42 and 43. Added Tables 53 through 112. Updated Tables 114 and 115. Updated Timing Model section. Added Figure 37. Updated Figure 40. Added Note (2) to Figure 40. Updated Power Sequencing & Hot Socketing section. Updated Table 8. Added Note (1) to Tables 101 and 112. Included minor text changes. Version 3.6 Changes ■ ■ ■ ■ Added a note to Tables 67 and 68. Updated Figures 27 and 28. Updated Table 9. Included minor text changes. Version 3.5 Changes All preliminary information headings were removed from version 3.5. Version 3.4 Changes ■ ■ ■ ■ Updated Table 20, 21, 24, 51, 52, 55, 56, 58, 60, 61, 62, 64, 66, and 68. Updated Figures 8, 25, 26, and 29 Added Note (1) to Tables 19 and 20 Added Note (11) to Tables 25, 29, and 33 ® 101 Innovation Drive San Jose, CA 95134 (408) 544-7000 http://www.altera.com Applications Hotline: (800) 800-EPLD Customer Marketing: (408) 544-7104 Literature Services: [email protected] 114 Copyright 2001 Altera Corporation. All rights reserved. AMMP, Altera, APEX, APEX 20K, APEX 20KE, ByteBlaster, ClockBoost, ClockLock, ClockShift, EP20K30E, EP20K60E, EP20K100, EP20K100E, EP20K160E, EP20K200, EP20K200E, EP20K300, EP20K400, EP20K400E, EP20K600E, EP20K1000E, EP20K1500E, FastTrack, FineLine BGA, MasterBlaster, MegaCore, MegaLAB, MultiCore, MultiVolt, NativeLink, Quartus, Quartus II, SignalTap and Turbo Bit are trademarks and/or service marks of Altera Corporation in the United States and other countries. Altera acknowledges the trademarks of other organizations for their respective products or services mentioned in this document. 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