ACS108-5Sx ® ASD™ AC LINE SWITCH AC Switch Family MAIN APPLICATIONS AC on-off static switching in appliance & industrial control systems Drive of low power high inductive or resistive loads like: - relay, valve, solenoid, dispenser - pump, fan, micro-motor - low power lamp bulb, door lock ■ ■ OUT G COM FEATURES TO-92 ACS108-5SA Blocking voltage: VDRM / VRRM = 500V Clamping voltage: VCL = 600V Nominal current: IT(RMS) = 0.8 A Gate triggering current : IGT < 10 mA Triggering current is sourced by the gate Switch integrated driver Drive reference COM connected to the SOT-223 tab BENEFITS ■ ■ ■ ■ COM ■ ■ OUT ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ Needs no external overvoltage protection. Enables the equipment to meet IEC61000-4-5 standard. Allows straightforward connection of several SOT-223 devices on the same cooling pad. Reduces the switch component count by up to 80%. Interfaces directly with the microcontroller. Eliminates any stressing gate kick back on the microcontroller. DESCRIPTION The ACS108 belongs to the AC line switches built around the ASD™ concept. This high performance device is able to control an 0.8 A load device. The ACS™ switch embeds a high voltage clamping structure to absorb the inductive turn-off energy and a gate level shifter driver to separate the digital controller from the main switch. It is triggered with a negative gate current flowing out of the gate pin. For further technical information, please refer to AN1172 the Application note. ASD and ACS are a trademarks of STMicroelectronics. October 2001 - Ed: 6C COM G SOT-223 ACS108-5SN FUNCTIONAL DIAGRAM OUT ACS108 S ON D COM G 1/8 ACS108-5Sx ABSOLUTE RATINGS (limiting values) Symbol Parameter VDRM / VRRM Repetitive peak off-state voltage IT(RMS) RMS on-state current full cycle sine wave 50 to 60 Hz Value Unit Tj = 125 °C 500 V TO-92 Tlead = 75 °C 0.8 A TO-92 Tamb = 60 °C 0.3 A SOT-223 Tamb = 75 °C 0.8 A 7.3 A ITSM Non repetitive surge peak on-state current Tj initial = 25°C, full cycle sine wave F =50 Hz F =60 Hz 8 A dI/dt Critical rate of repetitive rise of on-state current IG = 20mA with tr = 100ns F =120 Hz 100 A/µs note 1 VPP Non repetitive line peak pulse voltage Tstg Storage temperature range - 40 to + 150 2 kV °C Tj Operating junction temperature range - 30 to + 125 °C Tl Maximum lead temperature for soldering during 10s 260 °C Value Unit 0.1 W Note 1: according to test described by IEC61000-4-5 standard & Figure 3. SWITCH GATE CHARACTERISTICS (maximum values) Symbol PG (AV) Parameter Average gate power dissipation IGM Peak gate current (tp = 20µs) 1 A VGM Peak positive gate voltage (respect to the pin COM) 5 V THERMAL RESISTANCES Symbol Parameter Rth (j-a) Junction to ambient Rth (j-l) Junction to lead for full AC line cycle conduction Rth (j-t) Junction to tab for full AC line cycle conduction Value Unit TO-92 150 °C/W SOT-223 (*) 60 °C/W TO-92 60 °C/W SOT-223 25 °C/W (*) : with 5cm2 copper (e=35µm) surface under tab ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS For either positive or negative polarity of pin OUT voltage respect to pin COM voltage excepted note 3 Symbol Test Conditions Unit IGT VOUT=12V RL=140Ω Tj=25°C MAX. 10 mA VGT VOUT=12V RL=140Ω Tj=25°C MAX. 1 V VGD VOUT=VDRM RL=3.3kΩ Tj=125°C MIN. 0.15 V IH IOUT= 100mA gate open Tj=25°C TYP. 25 mA MAX. 60 mA IL IG= 20mA Tj=25°C TYP. 30 mA MAX. 65 mA Tj=25°C MAX. 1.3 V Tj=25°C MAX. 2 µA Tj=125°C MAX. 200 µA Tj=110°C MIN. 500 V/µs Tj=110°C MIN. 0.1 A/ms Tj=110°C MIN. 0.3 A/ms Tj=25°C TYP. 600 V VTM IOUT = 1.1A IDRM IRRM VOUT = VDRM VOUT = VRRM dV/dt VOUT=400V gate open tp=500µs (dI/dt)c (dV/dt)c=10V/µs (dI/dt)c* (dV/dt)c = 15V/µs Iout < 0 VCL 2/8 Values ICL = 1mA tp=1ms (note 3) ACS108-5Sx AC LINE SWITCH BASIC APPLICATION The ACS108 device is well adapted to washing machines, dishwashers, tumble driers, refrigerators, water heaters and cookware. It has been especially designed to switch ON and OFF low power loads such as solenoids, valves, relays, dispensers, micro-motors, fans, pumps, door locks and low power lamp bulbs. Pin COM: Common drive reference to connect to the power line neutral Pin G: Switch Gate input to connect to the digital controller through the resistor Pin OUT: Switch Output to connect to the Load The ACS™ switch is triggered with a negative gate current flowing out of the gate pin G. It can be driven directly by the digital controller through a resistor as shown on the typical application diagram. No protection devices are required between the gates and common terminals. The SOT-223 version allows several ACS108 devices to be connected on the same cooling PCB pad which is the COM pin : this cooling pad can be then reduced, and the printed circuit layout is simplified. In appliance systems, the ACS108 switch intends to drive low power load in full cycle ON / OFF mode. The turn off commutation characteristics of these loads can be classified in 3 groups as shown in Table 1. Thanks to its thermal and turn-off commutation characteristics, the ACS108 switch drives a load, such as door lock, lamp, relay, valve and micro motor, up to 0.2 A without any turn-off aid circuit. Switching off the ACS within one full AC line cycle will extend its current up to 0.8 A on resistive load. Table 1: Load grouping versus their turn off commutation requirement (230V AC applications). LOAD Load IRMS Current POWER FACTOR (A) Door Lock Lamp (dI/dt)c (dV/dt)c (A/ms) (V/µs) TURN-FF DELAY (ms) < 0.3 1 0.15 0.15 <10 < 0.8 1 0.4 0.15 < 20 Relay Valve Dispenser Micro-motor < 0.1 > 0.7 < 0.05 <5 < 10 Pump Fan < 0.2 > 0.2 < 0.1 < 10 < 10 < 0.6 > 0.2 < 0.3 < 10 < 20 TYPICAL APPLICATION DIAGRAM LOAD L AC MAINS L N R OUT S ACS108 ON D COM G ST 72 MCU - Vcc 3/8 ACS108-5Sx HIGH INDUCTIVE SWITCH-OFF OPERATION At the end of the last conduction half-cycle, the load current reaches the holding current level IH, and the ACS™ switch turns off. Because of the inductance L of the load, the current flows through the avalanche diode D and decreases linearly to zero. During this time, the voltage across the switch is limited to the clamping voltage VCL. The energy stored in the inductance of the load depends on the holding current IH and the inductance (up to 10 H); it can reach about 20 mJ and is dissipated in the clamping section that is especially designed for that purpose. Fig. 1: Turn-off operation of the ACS108 switch with an electro valve: waveform of the gate current IG, pin OUT current IOUT & voltage VOUT. Fig. 2: ACS108 switch static characteristic. IOUT IOUT (10 mA/div) VCL = 650V IH IH VOUT VCL VOUT (200V/div) Time (400µs/div) AC LINE TRANSIENT VOLTAGE RUGGEDNESS The ACS108 switch is able to safely withstand the AC line transient voltages either by clamping the low energy spikes or by breaking over under high energy shocks. The test circuit in Figure 4 is representative of the final ACS™ application and is also used to stress the ACS™ switch according to the IEC61000-4-5 standard conditions. Thanks to the load, the ACS™ switch withstands the voltage spikes up to 2 kV above the peak line voltage. It will break over safely even on resistive load where the turn-on current rise is high as shown in Figure 4. Such non-repetitive testing can be done 10 times on each AC line voltage polarity. Fig. 3: Overvoltage ruggedness test circuit for resistive and inductive loads according to IEC61000-4-5 standard. R = 150Ω, L = 5µH, VPP = 2kV. Fig. 4: Current and voltage of the ACS™ during IEC61000-4-5 standard test with a 150Ω - 10µH load & VPP = 2kV. Vout (200 V/div) R L Iout (2 A/div) OUT AC LINE & SURGE VOLTAGE GENERATOR ACSxx S VAC + V PP ON D COM G RG= 220Ω 4/8 dI/dt = 100 A/µs ACS108-5Sx Fig. 5: Maximum power dissipation versus RMS on-state current. Fig. 6: RMS on-state current versus ambient temperature. P(W) 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0 IT(RMS)(A) 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.0 IT(RMS)(A) 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 ACS108-5SA (TO92) Tamb(°C) 0 0.8 Fig. 7-1: Relative variation of thermal impedance junction to ambient versus pulse duration (ACS108-5SA) (TO-92). ACS108-5SA (TO92, Tamb=Tlead) ACS108-5SN with 5cm² copper surface under tab 10 20 30 40 50 60 Zth(j-a) / Rth(j-a) 90 100 110 120 130 Zth(j-a) / Rth(j-a) 1.00 0.10 0.10 tp(s) tp(s) 1E-2 80 Fig. 7-2: Relative variation of thermal impedance junction to ambient versus pulse duration (ACS108-5SN) (SOT-223). 1.00 0.01 1E-3 70 1E-1 1E+0 1E+1 1E+2 5E+2 Fig. 8: Relative variation of gate trigger current versus junction temperature. 0.01 1E-3 1E-2 1E-1 1E+0 1E+1 1E+2 5E+2 Fig. 9: Relative variation of holding and latching current versus junction temperature. IH,IL [Tj] / IH,IL [Tj=25°C] IGT [Tj] / IGT [Tj=25°C] 2.0 3.0 1.8 2.5 1.6 1.4 2.0 1.2 1.0 1.5 0.8 1.0 0.6 0.4 0.5 0.2 Tj(°C) 0.0 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 0.0 -40 Tj(°C) -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 5/8 ACS108-5Sx Fig. 10: Non repetitive surge peak on-state current versus number of cycles. ITSM(A) 9 8 7 6 5 4 Tamb=25°C 3 Repetitive 2 1 Number of cycles 0 1 10 ITSM(A),I²t(A²s) 100.0 One cycle 10.0 Tj initial=25°C Non repetitive 1.0 I²t tp(ms) 100 1000 ITM(A) 5.00 1.00 0.10 Tj max.: Vto = 0.9 V Rd = 300 mΩ VTM(V) 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.6 Fig. 14: Relative variation of critical (dI/dt)c versus junction temperature. (dI/dt)c [Tj] / (dI/dt)c [Tj=110°C] 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 Tj(°C) 0.0 6/8 0 Tj initial=25°C ITSM t=20ms Fig. 12: On-state characteristics (maximum values). 0.01 0.8 Fig. 11: Non-repetitive surge peak on-state current for a sinusoidal pulse with width tp<10ms, and corresponding value of I2t. 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 0.1 0.01 0.10 1.00 10.00 Fig. 13: Thermal resistance junction to ambient versus copper surface under tab (Epoxy printed circuit board FR4, copper thickness: 35µm). Rth(j-a) (°C/W) 130 120 110 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 S(Cu) (cm²) 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 ACS108-5Sx ORDERING INFORMATION ACS 1 08 - 5 Switch Number AC Switch S VDRM 5 = 500V A A = TO-92 N = SOT-223 Gate Sensitivity S = 10mA ITRMS 08 = 0.8A -TR -TR = SOT-223 Tape & Reel PACKAGE MECHANICAL DATA SOT-223 c A V A1 B e1 D PIN B1 4 GATE BASE 2 DRAIN COLLECTOR 3 SOURCE EMITTER 4 DRAIN H E 1 2 DESCRIPTION 1 3 COLLECTOR DIMENSIONS REF. Millimeters Inches Min. Typ. Max. Min. Typ. A 1.80 A1 0.02 0.10 0.001 B 0.60 0.70 0.85 0.024 0.027 B1 2.90 3.00 3.15 0.114 0.118 c 0.24 0.26 0.35 0.009 0.010 D 6.30 6.50 6.70 0.248 0.256 e 2.3 0.090 e1 4.6 0.181 E 3.30 3.50 3.70 0.130 0.138 H 6.70 7.00 7.30 0.264 0.276 V 10° max Max. 0.071 0.004 0.033 0.124 0.014 0.264 0.146 0.287 e PACKAGE MECHANICAL DATA SOT-223 Recommended soldering pattern SOT-223 7/8 ACS108-5Sx PACKAGE MECHANICAL DATA TO-92 (Plastic) DIMENSIONS REF. A Millimeters Min. a A Typ. C D E Typ. Max. 0.053 4.70 C F Inches Min. 1.35 B B Max. 0.185 2.54 0.100 D 4.40 0.173 E 12.70 0.500 F 3.70 0.146 a 0.45 0.017 OTHER INFORMATION Ordering type Marking Package Weight Base qty Delivery mode ACS108-5SA ACS08/5S TO-92 0.2 g 2500 Bulk ACS108-5SA-TR ACS08/5S TO-92 0.2 g 2000 Tape & reel ACS108-5SN ACS/085S SOT-223 0.12 g 1000 Tape & reel Information furnished is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, STMicroelectronics assumes no responsibility for the consequences of use of such information nor for any infringement of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of STMicroelectronics. Specifications mentioned in this publication are subject to change without notice. This publication supersedes and replaces all information previously supplied. STMicroelectronics products are not authorized for use as critical components in life support devices or systems without express written approval of STMicroelectronics. The ST logo is a registered trademark of STMicroelectronics © 2001 STMicroelectronics - Printed in Italy - All rights reserved. STMicroelectronics GROUP OF COMPANIES Australia - Brazil - China - Finland - France - Germany - Hong Kong - India - Italy - Japan - Malaysia Malta - Morocco - Singapore - Spain - Sweden - Switzerland - United Kingdom - U.S.A. http://www.st.com 8/8