TSM102/A VOLTAGE AND CURRENT CONTROLLER OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS ■ LOW SUPPLY CURRENT : 200µA/amp. ■ MEDIUM SPEED : 2.1MHz ■ LOW LEVEL OUTPUT VOLTAGE CLOSE TO VCC- : 0.1V typ. ■ INPUT COMMON MODE VOLTAGE RANGE INCLUDES GROUND N DIP16 (Plastic Package) COMPARATORS ■ LOW SUPPLY CURRENT : 200µA/amp. ■ (VCC = 5V) ■ INPUT COMMON MODE VOLTAGE RANGE INCLUDES GROUND ■ LOW OUTPUT SATURATION VOLTAGE : 250mV (Io = 4mA) REFERENCE ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ADJUSTABLE OUTPUT VOLTAGE : Vref to 36V SINK CURRENT CAPABILITY : 1 to 100mA 1% and 0.4% VOLTAGE PRECISION LACTH-UP IMMUNITY DESCRIPTION D SO16 (Plastic Micropackage) PIN CONNECTIONS (top view) The TSM102 is a monolithic IC that includes two op-amps, two comparators and a precision voltage reference. This device is offering space and cost saving in many applications like power supply management or data acquisition systems. ORDER CODE Outpu t 1 Inve rting Inpu t 1 No n-inve rting Inp ut 1 TSM102I TSM102AI 16 Output 4 2 15 Inverting Inp ut 3 14 Non -inve rting Inp ut 4 4 13 V 5 12 Non -inve rting Inp ut 3 CO MP V Part Number 1 Temperature Range -40°C, +85°C -40°C, +85°C Package N • • D • • + CC No n-inve rting Inp ut 2 Inve rting Inpu t 2 C OMP - CC 6 11 Inverting Inp ut 3 Outpu t 2 7 10 Output 3 Vref 8 9 Ca tho de N = Dual in Line Package (DIP) D = Small Outline Package (SO) - also available in Tape & Reel (DT) June 2001 1/10 TSM102/A ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Symbol Parameter Value Unit 36 V VCC DC supply Voltage Vid Differential Input Voltage 36 V Vi Input Voltage -0.3 to +36 V Operating Free-air Temperature Range -40 to +125 °C Toper Tj Maximum Junction Temperature 150 °C Thermal Resistante Junction to Ambient 150 °C/W ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS VCC+ = 5V, VCC- = 0V, Tamb = 25°C (unless otherwise specified) Symbol ICC Parameter Min. Total Supply Current Tmin. ≤ Tamb ≤ Tmax Typ Max. Unit 0.8 1.5 2 mA OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER VCC+ = 5V, VCC = GND, R1 connected to Vcc/2, Tamb = 25°C (unless otherwise specified) Symbol Parameter Min. Typ. Max. Unit 4.5 6.5 mV Vio Input Offset Voltage Tmin ≤ Tamb ≤ T max 1 DVio Input Offset Voltage Drift 10 Iib Input Bias Current T min ≤ Tamb ≤ Tmax 20 100 200 nA Iio Input Offset Current T min ≤ Tamb ≤ Tmax 5 20 40 nA Avd Large Signal Voltage Gain R1=10k, Vcc+ = 30V, Vo = 5V to 25V Tmin ≤ Tamb ≤ Tmax 50 25 100 SVR Supply Voltage Rejection Ratio Vcc = 5V to 30V 80 100 Vicm Input Common Mode Rejection Ratio Tmin ≤ Tamb ≤ Tmax CMR Common Mode Rejection Ratio Vcc+ = 30V, Vicm = 0V to (Vcc+) -1.8 Isc V/mV dB (V cc-) to (Vcc+) -1.8 V (V cc-) to (Vcc+) -2.2 70 Output Short Circuit Current Vid = ±1V, Vo = 2.5V Source Sink High Level Output Voltage VOH µV/°C 90 dB mA 3 3 6 6 27 26 28 RL = 10kΩ V cc+ = 30V T min ≤ Tamb ≤ Tmax V VOL Low Level Output Voltage T min ≤ Tamb ≤ Tmax Slew Rate V cc = ±15V Vi = ±10V, R L = 10kΩ, CL = 100pF 1.6 2 V/µs SR Gain Bandwidth Product R L = 10kΩ, CL = 100pF, f = 100kHZ 1.4 2.1 MHz GBP 2/10 RL = 10kΩ 100 150 210 mV TSM102/A Symbol Parameter ∅m Phase Margin R L = 10kΩ, CL = 100pF THD Toatal Harmonic Distortion en Min. Typ. Max. Unit Degrees 45 0.05 % 29 nV -----------Hz Equivalent Input Noise Voltage f = 1kHz COMPARATORS VCC+ = 5V, VCC = Ground, Tamb = 25°C (unless otherwise specified) Symbol Parameter Min. Typ Max. Unit Vio Input Offset Voltage Tmin ≤ Tamb ≤ Tmax 5 9 mV Iio Input Offset Current Tmin ≤ Tamb ≤ Tmax 50 150 nA Input Bias Current Tmin ≤ Tamb ≤ Tmax High Level Output Current Vid = 1V, V cc = Vo = 30V Tmin ≤ Tamb ≤ Tmax 250 400 nA 0.1 VOL Low Level Output Voltage Vid = -1V, Isink = 4mA Tmin ≤ Tamb ≤ Tmax 250 Avd Large Signal Voltage Gain R1 = 15k, Vcc = 15V, Vo = 1 to 11V Isink Output Sink Current Vid = -1V, Vo = 1.5V 6 Vicm Input Common Mode Voltage Range Tmin ≤ Tamb ≤ Tmax 0 0 Vid Differential Input Voltage Iib IOH 1 mV t rel 400 700 V/mV 200 16 mA Vcc+-1.5 Response Time R1 = 5.1k to Vcc+ ,Vref = 1.4V Large Signal Response Time Vref = 1.4V, Vi = TTL, R1 = 5.1k to Vcc+ V Vcc+-2 Vcc+ 1) tre nA µA V µs 1.3 300 ns 1. The response time specified is for 100mV input step with 5mV overdrive. For larger overdrive signals, 300ns can be obtained. VOLTAGE REFERENCE Symbol VKA Ik Value Unit Cathode to Anode Voltage Parameter Vref to 36 V Cathode Current 1 to 100 mA ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS Tamb = 25°C (unless otherwise specified) Symbol Parameter Vref Reference Input Voltage -(figure1)- Tamb = 25°C TSM102, VKA = V ref, IK = 10mA TSM102A, VKA = Vref, IK = 10mA ∆Vref Reference Input Voltage Deviation Over Temperature Range -(figure1, note1)) V KA = Vref , IK = 10mA, Tmin ≤ Tamb ≤ Tmax Min. Typ Max. 2.475 2.490 2.500 2.500 2.525 2.510 Unit V mV 7 30 3/10 TSM102/A Symbol 1. Parameter Min. ∆V ref --------------∆T Temperature Coefficient of Reference Input Voltage - note2) V KA = Vref , IK = 10mA, Tmin ≤ Tamb ≤ Tmax ∆V ref ---------------∆V KA Ratio of Change in Reference Input Voltage to Change in Cathode to Anode Voltage -(figure2) IK = 10mA, ∆VKA = 36 to 3V Iref Reference Input Current -(figure2) IK = 10mA, R1 = 10kΩ, R2 = ∞ Tamb = 25°C Tmin ≤ Tamb ≤ Tmax ∆Iref Reference Input Current Deviation Over Temperature Range -(figure2) IK = 10mA, R1 = 10kΩ, R2 = ∞ Tmin ≤ Tamb ≤ Tmax Imin Minimum Cathode Current for Regulation -(figure1) V KA = Vref Ioff Off-State Cathode Current -(figure3) ∆Vref is defined as the difference between the maximum ∆Vref= Vref max. - Vref min 2. Typ Max. ±22 ±100 mV/V -1.1 -2 µA 1.5 2.5 3 µA 0.5 1 0.5 1 180 500 mA and minimum values obtained over the full temperature range. -n V ref max. ma x 2.5V min V re f min. T2 pp m / C +n ppm / C Te mpe rature 25 C 4/10 ppm/°C The temperature coefficient is defined as the slopes (positive and negative) of the voltage vs temperature limits whithin which the reference voltage is guaranteed. T1 Unit Te mpe rature nA TSM102/A Figure 1 : Test Circuit for VKA = Vref V Input I V KA K ref Figure 2 : Test Circuit for VKA > Vref VKA Input IK R1 V I re f KA = V 1 + R1 -------- + I – R1 ref ref R2 R2 Vre f Figure 3 : Test Circuit for Ioff VKA = 36V Input I off 5/10 APPLICATION NOTE A BATTERY CHARGER USING THE TSM102 This application note explains how to use the TSM102 in an SMPS-type battery charger which features : ■ Voltage Control ■ Current Control ■ Low Battery Detection and End Of Charge Detection 1 - TSM102 PRESENTATION The TSM102 integrated circuit includes two Operational Amplifiers, two Comparators and one adjustable precision Voltage Reference (2.5V to 36V, 0.4% or 1%). TSM102 can sustain up to 36V power supply voltage. Figure 1: TSM102 Pinout 1 16 TSM102 15 2 14 3 COMP V CC + V 5 12 6 11 7 10 Vref 2 - APPLICATION CONTEXT AND PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION In the battery charging field which requires ever increasing performances in more and more reduced space, the TSM102A provides an attractive solution in terms of PCB area saving, precision and versatility. Figure 2 shows the secondary side of a battery charger (SMPS type) where TSM102A is used in optimised conditions : the two Operational Amplifiers perform current and voltage control, the two Comparators provide “End of Charge” and “Low Battery” signals and the Voltage Reference ensures precise reference for all measurements. The TSM102A is supplied by an auxiliary power supply (forward configuration - D7) regulated by a bipolar transistor and a zener diode on its base (Q2 and DZ), and smoothed by the capacitors C3 6/10 COMP CC - Ca thode and C4. R15 polarizes the base of the transistor and at the same time limits the current through the zener diode during regulation mode of the auxiliary power supply. The current and voltage regulations are made thanks to the two Operational Amplifiers. The first amplifier senses the current flow through the sense resistor Rs and compares it with a part of the reference voltage (resistor bridge R7, R8, R9). The second amplifier compares the reference voltage with a part of the charger’s output (resistor bridge R1, R2, R3). When either of these two operational amplifiers tends to lower its ouput, this linear information is propagated towards the primary side via two ORing diodes (D1, D2) and an optocoupler (D3). The compensation loops of these regulation functions are ensured by the capacitors C1 and C2. TSM102/A Figure 2 : The Application Schematic - Battery Charger Secondary Side The first comparator ensures the “Low Battery” signal generation thanks to the comparison of a part of the charger’s output voltage (resistor bridge R17, R19) and the reference voltage. Proper hysteresis is given thanks to R20. An improvement to the chargers security and to the battery’s life time optimization is achieved by lowering the current control measurement thanks to Q1 that shunts the resistor R9 when the battery’s voltage is below the “Low Battery” level. The second comparator ensures the “End of Charge” signal generation thanks to the comparison of a part of the charger’s output voltage (resistor bridge R1, R2, R3) and the reference voltage. When either of these two signals is active, the corresponding LED is polarized for convenient visualization of the battery status. 3 - CALCULATION OF THE ELEMENTS All the components values have been chosen for a two-Lithium-Ion batteries charge application : ■ Current Control : 720mA (Low Battery current control : 250mA) ■ Voltage Control : 8.4V (= 2x 4.2V) ■ Low Battery : 5.6V (= 2x 2.5V + 0.6V) ■ End of Charge : 8.3V (= 2x 4.15V) Current Control : The voltage reference is polarized thanks to the R4 resistor (2.5mA), and the cathode of the reference gives a fixed 2.500V voltage. I = U / R = [Vref( R8 + R9 ) / (R7 + R8 + R9) ] / Rs = [2.5 x (390 + 820) / (10000 + 390 + 820)] / 0.375 = 720mA I = 720mA P = power dissipation through the sense resistor = R I2 = 0.375 x 0.7202 = 194mW In case of “Low Battery” conditions, the current control is lowered thanks to the following equation : I = U / R = [ Vref R8 / (R7 + R8) ] / Rs = [ 2.5 x 390 / (10000 + 390 ) ] / 0.375 = 250mA I (LoBatt) = 250mA Voltage Control : Vout = Vref / [ R2 / (R1 + R2 + R3) ] = 2.5 / [ 56 / (131.5 + 56 + 0.68 ) ] = 8.400V Vout = 8.400V Low Battery signal : If R5 = 0Ω and R6 = open : Vout(LoBatt) = Vref / [ R19 / ( R17 + R19 ) ] = 2.5 / [ 10 / (12.4 + 10) ] = 5.6V Vout(LoBatt) = 5.6V End of Charge signal : Vout(EOC) = Vref / [ (R2 + R3 ) / (R1 + R2 + R3) ] = 2.5 / [(56 + 0.68) / (131.5 + 56 + 0.68)] = 8.300V Vout (EOC)= 8.300V 7/10 TSM102/A Notes: The chosen values impose a 44µA discharge current max. The current control values must be chosen in accordance with the elements of the primary side. The performances of the battery charger in their globality are highly dependent on the adequation of the primary and the secondary elements. R12 and R13 are the equivalent resistors seen from the opamp and from the comparator. The addition of the diode D9 is necessary to avoid dramatic discharge of the battery cells in case of the charger disconnection from the mains voltage, and therefore, the voltage measurement is to be operated on the cathode side of the diode not to take its voltage drop into account. The total bridge value of R1, R2, R3 must ensure low battery discharge if the charger is disconnected from main, but remains connected to the battery by mistake. A hysteresis resistor can be connected to the “End Of Charge” comparator to ensure proper hysteresis to this signal, but this resistor must be chosen carefully not to degrade the output voltage precision. It might be needed to impose unidirectionnal hysteresis (by inserting a diode on the positive feedback of the comparator). Figure 3 shows how to use the integrated Voltage Reference to build a precise Power Supply for the TSM102A (and other components if necessary). Pin 8 remains the reference for all voltage measurements for the rest of the application. Figure 3 : A precise power supply for the TSM102A and other components Vaux Vcc Vaux + 9 8 13 TS M102 Vref 8/10 + TSM102/A PACKAGE MECHANICAL DATA 16 PINS - PLASTIC PACKAGE Millimeters Inches Dim. Min. a1 B b b1 D E e e3 F i L Z Typ. 0.51 0.77 Max. Min. 1.65 0.020 0.030 0.5 0.25 Typ. Max. 0.065 0.020 0.010 20 8.5 2.54 17.78 0.787 0.335 0.100 0.700 7.1 5.1 3.3 0.280 0.201 0.130 1.27 0.050 9/10 TSM102/A PACKAGE MECHANICAL DATA 16 PINS - PLASTIC MICROPACKAGE (SO) Millimeters Inches Dim. Min. A a1 a2 b b1 C c1 D E e e3 F G L M S Typ. Max. 0.35 1.75 0.2 1.6 0.46 0.19 0.25 0.1 Min. Typ. Max. 0.014 0.069 0.008 0.063 0.018 0.007 0.010 0.004 0.5 0.020 45° (typ.) 9.8 5.8 10 6.2 0.386 0.228 1.27 8.89 3.8 4.6 0.5 0.394 0.244 0.050 0.350 4.0 5.3 1.27 0.62 0.150 0.181 0.020 0.157 0.209 0.050 0.024 8° (max.) Information furnished is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, STMicroelectronics assumes no responsibility for the consequences of use of such information nor for any infringement of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of STMicroelectronics. Specifications mentioned in this publication are subject to change without notice. This publication supersedes and replaces all information previously supplied. STMicroelectronics products are not authorized for use as critical components in life support devices or systems without express written approval of STMicroelectronics. The ST logo is a registered trademark of STMicroelectronics 2001 STMicroelectronics - Printed in Italy - All Rights Reserved STMicroelectronics GROUP OF COMPANIES Australia - Brazil - China - Finland - France - Germany - Hong Kong - India - Italy - Japan - Malaysia - Malta - Morocco Singapore - Spain - Sweden - Switzerland - United Kingdom http://www.st.com 10/10