16-Bit, 250 kSPS PulSAR ADC in MSOP AD7694 APPLICATION DIAGRAM 16-bit resolution with no missing codes Throughput: 250 kSPS @ 5 V INL: ±4 LSB max S/(N + D): 92 dB @ 20 kHz THD: –106 dB @ 20 kHz Pseudo-differential analog input range: 0 V to VREF with VREF up to VDD No pipeline delay Single-supply operation: 2.7 V or 5 V Serial interface SPI®/QSPI™/MICROWIRE™/DSP-compatible Supply Current: 540 µA @ 2.7 V/100 kSPS, 800 µA @ 5 V/100 kSPS Standby current: 1 nA 8-lead MSOP package Improved 2nd Source to LTC1864 and LTC1864L APPLICATIONS Battery-powered equipment Data acquisition Instrumentation Medical instruments Process control 1V TO VDD REF 0 TO VREF IN+ IN– AD7694 GND 2.5V TO 5V VDD SCK 3-WIRE SPI INTERFACE SDO CNV 05003-001 FEATURES Figure 1. Table 1. MSOP, QFN (LFCSP)/SOT-23, 16-Bit PulSAR ADC Type True Differential Pseudo Differential/Unipolar Unipolar 100 kSPS AD7684 AD7683 250 kSPS AD7687 AD7685 AD7694 500 kSPS AD7688 AD7686 AD7680 GENERAL DESCRIPTION The AD7694 is a 16-bit, charge redistribution, successive approximation, PulSAR™ analog-to-digital converter (ADC) that operates from a single power supply, VDD, between 2.7 V to 5.25 V. It contains a low power, high speed, 16-bit sampling ADC with no missing codes (B grade), an internal conversion clock, and a serial, SPI-compatible interface port. The part also contains a low noise, wide bandwidth, short aperture delay track-and-hold circuit. On the CNV rising edge, it samples an analog input, IN+, between 0 V to REF with respect to a ground sense, IN−. The reference voltage, REF, is applied externally and can be set up to the supply voltage. Its power scales linearly with throughput. The AD7694 is housed in an 8-lead MSOP package with an operating temperature specified from −40°C to +85°C. Rev. 0 Information furnished by Analog Devices is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Analog Devices for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties that may result from its use. Specifications subject to change without notice. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Analog Devices. Trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners. One Technology Way, P.O. Box 9106, Norwood, MA 02062-9106, U.S.A. Tel: 781.329.4700 www.analog.com Fax: 781.326.8703 © 2004 Analog Devices, Inc. All rights reserved. AD7694 TABLE OF CONTENTS Specifications..................................................................................... 3 Typical Connection Diagram ................................................... 13 Timing Specifications....................................................................... 5 Analog Input ............................................................................... 13 Absolute Maximum Ratings............................................................ 6 Driver Amplifier Choice............................................................ 13 ESD Caution.................................................................................. 6 Voltage Reference Input ............................................................ 14 Pin Configuration and Function Descriptions............................. 7 Power Supply............................................................................... 14 Terminology ...................................................................................... 8 Supplying the ADC from the Reference.................................. 14 Typical Performance Characteristics ............................................. 9 Digital Interface.......................................................................... 14 Application Information................................................................ 12 Layout .......................................................................................... 15 Circuit Information.................................................................... 12 Evaluating the AD7694’s Performance .................................... 15 Converter Operation.................................................................. 12 Outline Dimensions ....................................................................... 16 Transfer Functions...................................................................... 12 Ordering Guide .......................................................................... 16 REVISION HISTORY 7/04—Revision 0: Initial Version Rev. 0 | Page 2 of 16 AD7694 SPECIFICATIONS VDD = 2.7 V to 5.25 V; VREF = VDD; TA = –40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Table 2. Parameter RESOLUTION ANALOG INPUT Voltage Range Absolute Input Voltage Leakage Current at 25°C Input Impedance ACCURACY No Missing Codes Integral Linearity Error Transition Noise Gain Error1, TMIN to TMAX Gain Error Temperature Drift Offset Error , TMIN to TMAX Offset Temperature Drift Power Supply Sensitivity Conditions Min 16 IN+ − IN− IN+ IN− Acquisition phase 0 −0.1 −0.1 AC ACCURACY Signal-to-Noise Spurious-Free Dynamic Range Total Harmonic Distortion Signal-to-(Noise + Distortion) VREF VDD + 0.1 0.1 1 REF = VDD = 5 V VDD = 4.75 V to 5.25 V VDD = 2.7 V to 4.75 V +6 0.5 ±2 ±0.3 ±0.7 ±0.3 ±0.05 VDD = 5 V ±5% 0 0 fIN = 20 kHz, VREF = 5 V fIN = 20 kHz, VREF = 2.5 V fIN = 20 kHz fIN = 20 kHz fIN = 20 kHz, VREF = 5 V fIN = 20 kHz, VREF = 2.5 V 1 B Grade Typ Max 0 −0.1 −0.1 VREF VDD + 0.1 0.1 16 −4 +4 0.5 ±2 ±0.3 ±0.7 ±0.3 ±0.05 ±30 ±3.5 250 150 90 86 −100 −100 89 86 Min 16 1 See the Analog Input section. 15 −6 1 THROUGHPUT Conversion Rate A Grade Typ Max 0 0 88 88 ±15 ±3.5 250 150 92 87 −106 −106 92 87 Unit Bits V V V nA Bits LSB LSB LSB ppm/°C mV ppm/°C LSB kSPS kSPS dB2 dB dB dB dB dB See Terminology section. These specifications do include full temperature range variation, but do not include the error contribution from the external reference. All specifications in dB refer to a full-scale input, FS. Tested with an input signal at 0.5 dB below full scale, unless otherwise specified. 2 Rev. 0 | Page 3 of 16 AD7694 VDD = 2.7 V to 5.25 V; VREF = VDD; TA = –40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Table 3. Parameter REFERENCE Voltage Range Load Current SAMPLING DYNAMICS −3 dB Input Bandwidth DIGITAL INPUTS Logic Levels VIL VIH Conditions Min Standby Current1, 2 TEMPERATURE RANGE Specified Performance 1 2 Max Unit VDD 50 V µA 9 MHz 1 250 kSPS, VIN+ − VIN− = VREF/2 = 2.5 V VDD = 4.75 V VDD = 2.7 V VDD = 5.25 V VDD = 3.3 V 0.8 0.45 3.15 1.9 −1 −1 IIL IIH DIGITAL OUTPUTS Data Format Pipeline Delay VOL VOH POWER SUPPLIES VDD Operating Current VDD Typ +1 +1 V V V V µA µA ISINK = +500 µA ISOURCE = −500 µA Serial, 16 bits straight binary Conversion results available immediately after completed conversion 0.4 VDD − 0.3 V V Specified performance 2.7 5.25 V 1.2 960 50 mA µA nA +85 °C VDD = 5 V, 100 kSPS throughput VDD = 2.7 V, 100 kSPS throughput VDD = 5 V, 25°C TMIN to TMAX 0.8 540 1 −40 With all digital inputs forced to VDD or GND, as required. During acquisition phase. Rev. 0 | Page 4 of 16 AD7694 TIMING SPECIFICATIONS VDD = 4.75 V to 5.25 V; TA = −40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise stated. Table 4. Parameter Conversion Time: CNV Rising Edge to Data Available Time between Conversions SCK Period SCK Low Time SCK High Time SCK Falling Edge to Data Remains Valid SCK Falling Edge to Data Valid Delay CNV Low to SDO, D15 MSB Valid CNV High to SDO High Impedance Symbol tCONV tCYC tSCK tSCKL tSCKH tHSDO tDSDO tEN tDIS Min Typ Max 3.2 4 50 20 20 5 20 60 60 Unit µs µs ns ns ns ns ns ns ns VDD = 2.7 V to 4.75 V; TA = −40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise stated. Table 5. Parameter Conversion Time: CNV Rising Edge to Data Available Time between Conversions SCK Period SCK Low Time SCK High Time SCK Falling Edge to Data Remains Valid SCK Falling Edge to Data Valid Delay CNV Low to SDO, D15 MSB Valid CNV High to SDO High Impedance Symbol tCONV tCYC tSCK tSCKL tSCKH tHSDO tDSDO tEN tDIS Rev. 0 | Page 5 of 16 Min Typ Max 4.66 6.66 125 50 50 5 50 120 120 Unit µs µs ns ns ns ns ns ns ns AD7694 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Table 6. Parameter Analog Inputs IN+1, IN−1 REF Supply Voltages VDD to GND Digital Inputs to GND Digital Outputs to GND Storage Temperature Range Junction Temperature θJA Thermal Impedance θJC Thermal Impedance Lead Temperature Range Vapor Phase (60 sec) Infrared (15 sec) 1 Stresses above those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only; functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational section of this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. Rating GND − 0.3 V to VDD + 0.3 V or ±130 mA GND − 0.3 V to VDD + 0.3 V −0.3 V to +7 V −0.3 V to VDD + 0.3 V −0.3 V to VDD + 0.3 V −65°C to +150°C 150°C 200°C/W (MSOP-8) 44°C/W (MSOP-8) 215°C 220°C See the Analog Input section. ESD CAUTION ESD (electrostatic discharge) sensitive device. Electrostatic charges as high as 4000 V readily accumulate on the human body and test equipment and can discharge without detection. Although this product features proprietary ESD protection circuitry, permanent damage may occur on devices subjected to high energy electrostatic discharges. Therefore, proper ESD precautions are recommended to avoid performance degradation or loss of functionality. 500µA IOL TO SDO 1.4V 500µA 05003-002 CL 50pF IOH Figure 2. Load Circuit for Digital Interface Timing VIH VIL tDELAY VOH VOL VOH VOL Figure 3. Voltage Reference Levels for Timing Rev. 0 | Page 6 of 16 05003-003 tDELAY AD7694 REF 1 IN+ 2 AD7694 8 VDD 7 SCK TOP VIEW 6 SDO (Not to Scale) 5 CNV GND 4 IN– 3 05003-004 PIN CONFIGURATION AND FUNCTION DESCRIPTIONS Figure 4. 8-Lead MSOP Pin Configuration Table 7. Pin Function Descriptions Pin No. 1 Mnemonic REF Type1 AI 2 IN+ AI 3 4 5 6 7 8 IN− GND CNV SDO SCK VDD AI P DI DO DI P Function Reference Input Voltage. The REF range is from 1 V to VDD. It is referred to the GND pin. This pin should be decoupled closely to the pin with a ceramic capacitor of a few µF. Analog Input. It is referred to in IN−. The voltage range, i.e., the difference between IN+ and IN−, is 0 V to VREF. Analog Input Ground Sense. To be connected to the analog ground plane or to a remote sense ground. Power Supply Ground. Convert Input. On its leading edge, it initiates the conversions. It enables the SDO pin when low. Serial Data Output. The conversion result is output on this pin. It is synchronized to SCK. Serial Data Clock Input. When CNV is low, the conversion result is shifted out by this clock. Power Supply. 1 AI = analog input; DI = digital input; DO = digital output; and P = power. Rev. 0 | Page 7 of 16 AD7694 TERMINOLOGY Integral Nonlinearity Error (INL) Effective Number of Bits (ENOB) Linearity error refers to the deviation of each individual code from a line drawn from negative full scale to positive full scale. The point used as negative full scale occurs ½ LSB before the first code transition. Positive full scale is defined as a level 1 ½ LSB beyond the last code transition. The deviation is measured from the middle of each code to the true straight line (see Figure 19). ENOB is a measurement of the resolution with a sine wave input. It is related to S/(N + D) by the following formula Differential Nonlinearity Error (DNL) In an ideal ADC, code transitions are 1 LSB apart. DNL is the maximum deviation from this ideal value. It is often specified in terms of resolution for which no missing codes are guaranteed. Offset Error The first transition should occur at a level 1/2 LSB above analog ground (38.1 µV for the 0 V to 5 V range). The offset error is the deviation of the actual transition from that point. ENOB = (S/[N + D]dB − 1.76)/6.02 and is expressed in bits. Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) THD is the ratio of the rms sum of the first five harmonic components to the rms value of a full-scale input signal and is expressed in dB. Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) SNR is the ratio of the rms value of the actual input signal to the rms sum of all other spectral components below the Nyquist frequency, excluding harmonics and dc. The value for SNR is expressed in dB. Signal-to-(Noise + Distortion) Ratio (S/[N + D]) Gain Error The last transition (from 111...10 to 111...11) should occur for an analog voltage 1 ½ LSB below the nominal full scale (4.999886 V for the 0 V to 5 V range). The gain error is the deviation of the actual level of the last transition from the ideal level after the offset has been adjusted out. Spurious-Free Dynamic Range (SFDR) The difference, in decibels (dB), between the rms amplitude of the input signal and the peak spurious signal. S/(N+D) is the ratio of the rms value of the actual input signal to the rms sum of all other spectral components below the Nyquist frequency, including harmonics but excluding dc. The value for S/(N+D) is expressed in dB. Aperture Delay Aperture delay is a measure of the acquisition performance and is the time between the rising edge of the CNV input and the time the input signal is held for conversion. Transient Response The time required for the ADC to accurately acquire its input after a full-scale step function is applied. Rev. 0 | Page 8 of 16 AD7694 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS 2.0 3 1.5 2 1.0 1 0.5 0 –1 0 –0.5 –1.0 –3 –1.5 05003-005 –2 –4 0 16384 32768 CODE 49152 POSITIVE DNL = +0.59 LSB NEGATIVE DNL = –0.56 LSB 05003-008 POSITIVE INL = +0.68 LSB NEGATIVE INL = –1.14 LSB DNL (LSB) INL (LSB) 4 –2.0 65536 0 16384 Figure 5. Integral Nonlinearity vs. Code 32768 CODE 49152 65536 Figure 8. Differential Nonlinearity vs. Code 12000 8000 108568 VDD = REF = 2.5V VDD = REF = 5V 7000 65487 10000 6000 8000 COUNTS COUNTS 5000 6000 4000 32418 28148 3000 4000 0 12500 1 0 0 0 0 24E0 24E1 24E2 24E3 24E4 24E5 CODE IN HEX 24E6 24E7 1000 05003-006 10003 0 0 24E8 27 2133 2808 50 1 0 0 251B 251C 251D 251E 251F 2520 2521 2522 2523 2524 2525 2526 CODE IN HEX Figure 6. Histogram of a DC Input at the Code Center Figure 9. Histogram of a DC Input at the Code Center 0 0 16384 POINT FFT VDD = REF = 5V fS = 250kSPS fIN = 20.43kHz SNR = 92.5dB THD = –109.9dB SFDR = –111.0dB –60 –80 –100 –120 05003-007 –140 –160 –180 0 20 40 60 80 FREQUENCY (kHz) 100 –40 –60 –80 –100 –120 –140 05003-010 –40 16384 POINT FFT VDD = REF = 2.5V fS = 150kSPS fIN = 20.43kHz SNR = 88.5dB THD = –102.7dB SFDR = –105.1dB –20 AMPLITUDE (dB OF FULL SCALE) –20 AMPLITUDE (dB OF FULL SCALE) 0 0 05003-009 2000 2000 –160 –180 120 0 Figure 7. FFT Plot 10 20 30 40 50 FREQUENCY (kHz) Figure 10. FFT Plot Rev. 0 | Page 9 of 16 60 70 AD7694 100 17 95 16 1200 15 90 ENOB S/[N+D] 14 85 OPERATING CURRENT (µA) SNR ENOB (Bits) SNR, S/[N+D] (dB) 1000 fS = 100kSPS 800 600 400 13 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 REFERENCE VOLTAGE (V) 05003-014 80 2.5 05003-011 200 0 2.5 5.0 Figure 11. SNR, S/(N + D), and ENOB vs. Reference Voltage 3.0 3.5 4.0 SUPPLY (V) 4.5 5.0 5.5 Figure 14. Operating Current vs. Supply 100 900 VDD = 5V, fS = 100kSPS 800 95 OPERATING CURRENT (µA) VREF = 5V, –10dB S/[N+D] (dB) 90 VREF = 5V, –1dB 85 VREF = 2.5V, –1dB 80 700 VDD = 2.7V, fS = 100kSPS 600 500 400 300 200 70 0 50 100 FREQUENCY (kHz) 150 05003-015 05003-012 75 100 0 –55 200 Figure 12. S/[N + D] vs. Frequency –35 –15 5 25 45 65 TEMPERATURE (°C) 85 105 125 105 125 Figure 15. Operating Current vs. Temperature 1000 –80 VREF = 2.5V, –1dB –95 VREF = 5V, –1dB –100 –105 –110 05003-013 THD (dB) –90 –115 0 40 80 120 FREQUENCY (kHz) 160 750 500 250 0 –55 200 05003-016 POWER-DOWN CURRENT (nA) –85 –35 –15 5 25 45 65 TEMPERATURE (°C) 85 Figure 16. Power-Down Current vs. Temperature Figure 13. THD vs. Frequency Rev. 0 | Page 10 of 16 AD7694 4 2 OFFSET ERROR 0 –2 GAIN ERROR –4 –6 –55 05003-017 OFFSET ERROR, GAIN ERROR (LSB) 6 –35 –15 5 25 45 65 TEMPERATURE (°C) 85 105 125 Figure 17. Offset and Gain Error vs. Temperature Rev. 0 | Page 11 of 16 AD7694 APPLICATION INFORMATION IN+ SWITCHES CONTROL MSB 32,768C 16,384C LSB 4C 2C C SW+ C BUSY REF COMP GND 32,768C 16,384C 4C 2C C CONTROL LOGIC OUTPUT CODE C MSB LSB SW– 05003-018 CNV IN– Figure 18. ADC Simplified Schematic CIRCUIT INFORMATION The AD7694 is a low power, single-supply, 16-bit ADC using a successive approximation architecture. It is capable of converting 250,000 samples per second (250 kSPS) and powers down between conversions. When operating at 100 SPS, for example, it consumes typically 4 µW, ideal for battery-powered applications. The AD7694 provides the user with on-chip track-and-hold and does not exhibit any pipeline delay or latency, making it ideal for multiple, multiplexed channel applications. toggles these switches, starting with the MSB, in order to bring the comparator back into a balanced condition. After the completion of this process, the part returns to the acquisition phase and the control logic generates the ADC output code. Because the AD7694 has an on-board conversion clock, the serial clock, SCK, is not required for the conversion process. TRANSFER FUNCTIONS The ideal transfer function for the AD7694 is shown in Figure 19 and Table 8. ADC CODE (STRAIGHT BINARY) The AD7694 is specified from 2.7 V to 5.25 V. It is housed in a 8-lead MSOP. The AD7694 is an improved second source to LTC1864 and LTC1864L. For even better performance, the AD7685 should be considered. CONVERTER OPERATION The AD7694 is a successive approximation ADC based on a charge redistribution DAC. Figure 18 shows the simplified schematic of the ADC. The capacitive DAC consists of two identical arrays of 16 binary weighted capacitors, which are connected to the two comparator inputs. 111...111 111...110 111...101 000...010 000...000 –FS During the acquisition phase, terminals of the array tied to the comparator’s input are connected to GND via SW+ and SW−. All independent switches are connected to the analog inputs. Thus, the capacitor arrays are used as sampling capacitors and acquire the analog signal on the IN+ and IN− inputs. When the acquisition phase is complete and the CNV input goes high, a conversion phase begins. When the conversion phase begins, SW+ and SW− are opened first. The two capacitor arrays are then disconnected from the inputs and connected to the GND input. Thus, the differential voltage between the inputs, IN+ and IN−, captured at the end of the acquisition phase applies to the comparator inputs, causing the comparator to become unbalanced. By switching each element of the capacitor array between GND and REF, the comparator input varies by binary weighted voltage steps (VREF/2, VREF/4...VREF/65536). The control logic –FS + 1 LSB +FS – 1 LSB +FS – 1.5 LSB –FS + 0.5 LSB ANALOG INPUT 05003-019 000...001 Figure 19. ADC Ideal Transfer Function Table 8. Output Codes and Ideal Input Voltages Description FSR – 1 LSB Midscale + 1 LSB Midscale Midscale – 1 LSB –FSR + 1 LSB –FSR 2 3 Analog Input VREF = 5 V 4.999924 V 2.500076 V 2.5 V 2.499924 V 76.3 µV 0V Digital Output Code Hexadecimal FFFF2 8001 8000 7FFF 0001 00003 This is also the code for an overranged analog input (VIN+ – VIN– above VREF – VGND). This is also the code for an underranged analog input (VIN+ – VIN– below VGND). Rev. 0 | Page 12 of 16 AD7694 (NOTE 1) 2.7V TO 5.25V REF 2.2 TO 10µF (NOTE 2) 100nF REF 33Ω VDD IN+ 0 TO VREF SCK AD7694 2.7nF (NOTE 3) IN– (NOTE 4) SDO 3-WIRE INTERFACE CNV NOTE 1: SEE REFERENCE SECTION FOR REFERENCE SELECTION. NOTE 2: CREF IS USUALLY A 10µF CERAMIC CAPACITOR (X5R). NOTE 3: SEE DRIVER AMPLIFIER CHOICE SECTION. NOTE 4. OPTIONAL FILTER. SEE ANALOG INPUT SECTION. 05003-020 GND Figure 20. Typical Application Diagram TYPICAL CONNECTION DIAGRAM Figure 20 shows an example of the recommended application diagram for the AD7694. ANALOG INPUT Figure 21 shows an equivalent circuit of the AD7694 input structure. The two diodes, D1 and D2, provide ESD protection for the analog inputs, IN+ and IN−. Care must be taken to ensure that the analog input signal never exceeds the supply rails by more than 0.3 V, because this will cause these diodes to become forward-biased and start conducting current. However, these diodes can handle a forward-biased current of 130 mA, maximum. For instance, these conditions could eventually occur when the input buffer’s (U1) supplies are different from VDD. In such a case, an input buffer with a short-circuit current limitation can be used to protect the part. the ADC sampling capacitor. During the conversion phase, where the switches are opened, the input impedance is limited to CPIN. RIN and CIN make a 1-pole, low-pass filter that reduces undesirable aliasing effects and limits the noise. When the source impedance of the driving circuit is low, the AD7694 can be driven directly. Large source impedances significantly affect the ac performance, especially total harmonic distortion (THD). The dc performances are less sensitive to the input impedance. DRIVER AMPLIFIER CHOICE Although the AD7694 is easy to drive, the driver amplifier needs to meet the following requirements: • The noise generated by the driver amplifier needs to be kept as low as possible in order to preserve the SNR and transition noise performance of the AD7694. Note that the AD7694 has a noise much lower than most of the other 16-bit ADCs and, therefore, can be driven by a noisier op amp while preserving the same or better system performance. The noise coming from the driver is filtered by the AD7694 analog input circuit 1-pole, low-pass filter made by R1 and C2 or by the external filter, if one is used. • For ac applications, the driver needs to have a THD performance suitable to that of the AD7694. Figure 13 gives the THD versus frequency that the driver should exceed. • For multichannel multiplexed applications, the driver amplifier and the AD7694 analog input circuit must be able to settle for a full-scale step of the capacitor array at a 16-bit level (0.0015%). In the amplifier’s data sheet, settling at 0.1% to 0.01% is more commonly specified. This could differ significantly from the settling time at a 16-bit level and should be verified prior to driver selection. VDD D1 IN+ OR IN– CIN D2 05003-021 CPIN RIN GND Figure 21. Equivalent Analog Input Circuit This analog input structure allows the sampling of the differential signal between IN+ and IN−. By using this differential input, small signals common to both inputs are rejected. For instance, by using IN− to sense a remote signal ground, ground potential differences between the sensor and the local ADC ground are eliminated. During the acquisition phase, the impedance of the analog input IN+ can be modeled as a parallel combination of the capacitor CPIN and the network formed by the series connection of RIN and CIN. CPIN is primarily the pin capacitance. RIN is typically 600 Ω and is a lumped component made up of some serial resistors and the onresistance of the switches. CIN is typically 30 pF and is mainly Rev. 0 | Page 13 of 16 AD7694 Table 9. Recommended Driver Amplifiers SUPPLYING THE ADC FROM THE REFERENCE Typical Application Very low noise and high frequency Low noise and high frequency Low power, low noise, and low frequency 5 V single-supply and low power Small, low power, and low frequency High frequency and low power VOLTAGE REFERENCE INPUT For simplified applications, the AD7694, with its low operating current, can be supplied directly using the reference circuit, as shown in Figure 23. The reference line can be driven by either • The system power supply directly • A reference voltage with enough current output capability, such as the ADR43x • A reference buffer, such as the AD8031, that can also filter the system power supply, as shown in Figure 23 The AD7694 voltage reference input, REF, has a dynamic input impedance and should therefore be driven by a low impedance source with efficient decoupling between the REF and GND pins, as explained in the Layout section. 5V OR 3V 10Ω 5V OR 3V When REF is driven by a very low impedance source (e.g., an unbuffered reference voltage like the low temperature drift ADR43x reference or a reference buffer using the AD8031 or the AD8605), a 10 µF (X5R, 0805 size) ceramic chip capacitor is appropriate for optimum performance. 10kΩ AD8031 1µF 2.2 TO 10µF 1µF (NOTE 1) REF VDD AD7694 If desired, smaller reference decoupling capacitor values down to 2.2 µF can be used with a minimal impact on performance, especially DNL. NOTE 1: OPTIONAL REFERENCE BUFFER AND FILTER Figure 23. Example of an Application Circuit DIGITAL INTERFACE POWER SUPPLY The AD7694 powers down automatically at the end of each conversion phase and, therefore, the power scales linearly with the sampling rate, as shown in Figure 22. This makes the part ideal for a low sampling rate (even a few Hz) and low batterypowered applications. 10,000 1,000 VDD = 5V The AD7694 is compatible with SPI, QSPI, digital hosts, and DSPs, e.g., Blackfin® ADSP-BF53x or ADSP-219x. The connection diagram is shown in Figure 24 and the corresponding timing diagram is shown in Figure 25. A rising edge on CNV initiates a conversion and forces SDO to high impedance. When the conversion is complete, the AD7694 enters the acquisition phase and powers down. When CNV goes low, the MSB is output onto SDO. The remaining data bits are then clocked by subsequent SCK falling edges. The data is valid on both SCK edges. 100 CONVERT VDD = 2.7V 10 DIGITAL HOST CNV AD7694 1 SDO DATA IN 0.01 10 CLK 100 1k 10k SAMPLING RATE (SPS) 100k Figure 24. Connection Diagram 1M Figure 22. Operating Current vs. Sampling Rate Rev. 0 | Page 14 of 16 05003-024 SCK 0.1 05003-022 OPERATING CURRENT (µA) 5V OR 3V 05003-023 Amplifier AD8021 AD8022 OP184 AD8605, AD8615 AD8519 AD8031 AD7694 tCYC CNV ACQUISITION tCONV tACQ CONVERSION ACQUISITION tSCK tSCKL 1 2 3 14 tHSDO 16* tSCKH tDSDO tEN SDO 15 D15 D14 D13 *SDO REMAINS LOW IF FURTHER SCK CLOCKS ARE APPLIED WHILE CNV IS LOW tDIS D1 D0 05003-025 SCK Figure 25. Serial Interface Timing LAYOUT The printed circuit board that houses the AD7694 should be designed so that the analog and digital sections are separated and confined to certain areas of the board. The pinout of the AD7694 with all its analog signals on the left side and all its digital signals on the right side eases this task. The AD7694 voltage reference input REF has a dynamic input impedance and should be decoupled with minimal parasitic inductances. That is done by placing the reference decoupling ceramic capacitor close to, and ideally right up against, the REF and GND pins and by connecting these pins with wide, low impedance traces. Avoid running digital lines under the device because these couple noise onto the die, unless a ground plane under the AD7694 is used as a shield. Fast switching signals, such as CNV or clocks, should never run near analog signal paths. Crossover of digital and analog signals should be avoided. Finally, the power supply, VDD, of the AD7694 should be decoupled with a ceramic capacitor, typically 100 nF. This capacitor should be placed close to the AD7694 and connected using short and large traces to provide low impedance paths and reduce the effect of glitches on the power supply lines. At least one ground plane should be used. It could be common or split between the digital and analog section. In such a case, it should be joined underneath the AD7694s. EVALUATING THE AD7694’S PERFORMANCE Other recommended layouts for the AD7694 are outlined in the evaluation board for the AD7694 (EVAL-AD7694). The evaluation board package includes a fully assembled and tested evaluation board, documentation, and software for controlling the board from a PC via the EVAL-CONTROL BRD2. Rev. 0 | Page 15 of 16 AD7694 OUTLINE DIMENSIONS 3.00 BSC 8 5 4.90 BSC 3.00 BSC 4 PIN 1 0.65 BSC 1.10 MAX 0.15 0.00 0.38 0.22 COPLANARITY 0.10 8° 0° 0.23 0.08 0.80 0.60 0.40 SEATING PLANE COMPLIANT TO JEDEC STANDARDS MO-187AA Figure 26. 8-Lead Micro Small Outline Package [MSOP] (RM-8) Dimensions Shown in Millimeters ORDERING GUIDE Models AD7694ARM AD7694ARMRL7 AD7694BRM AD7694BRMRL7 EVAL-AD7694CB1 EVAL-CONTROL BRD22 EVAL-CONTROL BRD32 1 2 Integral Nonlinearity ±6 LSB max ±6 LSB max ±4 LSB max ±4 LSB max Temperature Range –40°C to +85°C –40°C to +85°C –40°C to +85°C –40°C to +85°C Package (Option) MSOP (RM-8) MSOP (RM-8) MSOP (RM-8) MSOP (RM-8) Evaluation Board Controller Board Controller Board Transport Media, Quantity Tube, 50 Reel, 1,000 Tube, 50 Reel, 1,000 This board can be used as a standalone evaluation board or in conjunction with the EVAL-CONTROL BRDx for evaluation/demonstration purposes. These boards allow a PC to control and communicate with all Analog Devices evaluation boards ending in CB designators. © 2004 Analog Devices, Inc. All rights reserved. Trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners. D05003–0–7/04(0) Rev. 0 | Page 16 of 16 Branding C2H C2H C2J C2J