AD AD9887A

Dual Interface for
Flat Panel Displays
AD9887A
FEATURES
Analog Interface
170 MSPS Maximum Conversion Rate
Programmable Analog Bandwidth
0.5 V to 1.0 V Analog Input Range
500 ps p-p PLL Clock Jitter at 170 MSPS
3.3 V Power Supply
Full Sync Processing
Midscale Clamping
4:2:2 Output Format Mode
Digital Interface
DVI 1.0 Compatible Interface
170 MHz Operation (2 Pixel/Clock Mode)
High Skew Tolerance of 1 Full Input Clock
Sync Detect for “Hot Plugging”
Supports High Bandwidth Digital Content Protection
APPLICATIONS
RGB Graphics Processing
LCD Monitors and Projectors
Plasma Display Panels
Scan Converters
Micro Displays
Digital TVs
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The AD9887A offers designers the flexibility of an analog interface
and digital visual interface (DVI) receiver integrated on a single
chip. Also included is support for High Bandwidth Digital Content
Protection (HDCP). The AD9887A is software and pin-to-pin
compatible with the AD9887.
Analog Interface
The AD9887A is a complete 8-bit 170 MSPS monolithic analog
interface optimized for capturing RGB graphics signals from
personal computers and workstations. Its 170 MSPS encode
rate capability and full-power analog bandwidth of 330 MHz
supports resolutions up to UXGA (1600 × 1200 at 60 Hz).
The analog interface includes a 170 MHz triple ADC with
internal 1.25 V reference, a phase-locked loop (PLL), and programmable gain, offset, and clamp control. The user provides
only a 3.3 V power supply, analog input, and HSYNC. Threestate CMOS outputs may be powered from 2.5 V to 3.3 V.
The AD9887A’s on-chip PLL generates a pixel clock from
HSYNC. Pixel clock output frequencies range from 12 MHz to
170 MHz. PLL clock jitter is typically 500 ps p-p at 170 MSPS.
The AD9887A also offers full sync processing for composite
sync and sync-on-green (SOG) applications.
REV. 0
Information furnished by Analog Devices is believed to be accurate and
reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Analog Devices for its
use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties that
may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise
under any patent or patent rights of Analog Devices. Trademarks and
registered trademarks are the property of their respective companies.
FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM
ANALOG INTERFACE
REF
REFIN
RAIN
CLAMP
A/D
GAIN
CLAMP
A/D
BAIN
CLAMP
A/D
ROUTA
8
ROUTB
8
GOUTA
8
GOUTB
8
BOUTA
8
BOUTB
8
8
8
DATACK
2
HSYNC
VSYNC
COAST
CLAMP
CKINV
CKEXT
FILT
SOGIN
REFOUT
8
HSOUT
SYNC
PROCESSING
AND CLOCK
GENERATION
VSOUT
SOGOUT
8
SCDT
8
8
8
M
U
8
X
E
S 8
SCL
SERIAL REGISTER
AND
POWER MANAGEMENT
SDA
A1
A0
2
8
ROUTA
Rx0+
8
ROUTB
Rx0–
8
GOUTA
8
GOUTB
8
BOUTA
8
BOUTB
DIGITAL INTERFACE
8
8
Rx1+
Rx2+
Rx2–
DVI
RECEIVER
MDA
8
2
RxC–
GOUTB
BOUTA
BOUTB
DATACK
HSOUT
SOGOUT
DE
DATACK
DE
RTERM
DDCSCL
DDCSDA
MCL
GOUTA
VSOUT
Rx1–
RxC+
ROUTA
ROUTB
HSOUT
VSOUT
HDCP
AD9887A
Digital Interface
The AD9887A contains a DVI 1.0 compatible receiver and
supports display resolutions up to UXGA (1600 ⫻ 1200 at 60 Hz).
The receiver operates with true color (24-bit) panels in 1 or
2 pixel(s)/clock mode and features an intrapair skew tolerance
of up to one full clock cycle.
With the inclusion of HDCP, displays may now receive encrypted
video content. The AD9887A allows for authentication of a
video receiver, decryption of encoded data at the receiver, and
renewability of that authentication during transmission as specified
by the HDCP v1.0 protocol.
Fabricated in an advanced CMOS process, the AD9887A is
provided in a 160-lead MQFP surface-mount plastic package
and is specified over the 0°C to 70°C temperature range.
One Technology Way, P.O. Box 9106, Norwood, MA 02062-9106, U.S.A.
Tel: 781/329-4700
www.analog.com
Fax: 781/326-8703
© 2003 Analog Devices, Inc. All rights reserved.
AD9887A
TABLE OF CONTENTS
FEATURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
APPLICATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
GENERAL DESCRIPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Analog Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Digital Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
SPECIFICATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
ANALOG INTERFACE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
DIGITAL INTERFACE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
EXPLANATION OF TEST LEVELS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
ORDERING GUIDE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
PIN CONFIGURATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
DESCRIPTIONS OF PINS SHARED BETWEEN
ANALOG AND DIGITAL INTERFACES . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Serial Port (2-Wire) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Data Outputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Data Clock Outputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Various . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
SCAN Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
PIN FUNCTION DETAILS (ANALOG INTERFACE) . . 11
Inputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Outputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Power Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
THEORY OF OPERATION (INTERFACE DETECTION)13
Active Interface Detection and Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Power Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
THEORY OF OPERATION AND DESIGN GUIDE
(ANALOG INTERFACE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
General Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Input Signal Handling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
HSYNC, VSYNC Inputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Serial Control Port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Output Signal Handling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Clamping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
RGB Clamping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
YUV Clamping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Gain and Offset Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Sync-on-Green . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Clock Generation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Scan Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Alternate Pixel Sampling Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Timing (Analog Interface) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Hsync Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Coast Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
DIGITAL INTERFACE PIN DESCRIPTIONS . . . . . . . . 25
Digital Video Data Inputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Digital Clock Inputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Termination Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Outputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Power Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
THEORY OF OPERATION (DIGITAL INTERFACE) . . 25
Capturing of the Encoded Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Data Frames . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Special Characters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Channel Resynchronization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Data Decoder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
HDCP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
GENERAL TIMING DIAGRAMS
(DIGITAL INTERFACE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
TIMING MODE DIAGRAMS (DIGITAL INTERFACE)
2-Wire Serial Register Map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2-WIRE SERIAL CONTROL REGISTER DETAIL . . . . .
CHIP IDENTIFICATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
PLL DIVIDER CONTROL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
CLOCK GENERATOR CONTROL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
CLAMP TIMING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
INPUT GAIN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
INPUT OFFSET . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
MODE CONTROL 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
MODE CONTROL 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SYNC DETECTION AND CONTROL . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
DIGITAL CONTROL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
CONTROL BITS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2-Wire Serial Control Port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Data Transfer via Serial Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Serial Interface Read/Write Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
THEORY OF OPERATION (SYNC PROCESSING) . . . .
Sync Stripper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sync Seperator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
PCB LAYOUT RECOMMENDATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Analog Interface Inputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Digital Interface Inputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Power Supply Bypassing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
PLL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Outputs (Both Data and Clocks) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Digital Inputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Voltage Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
OUTLINE DIMENSIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
27
28
32
32
32
32
32
33
33
33
35
36
38
38
39
39
40
40
40
40
41
41
41
42
42
42
42
42
43
TABLE INDEX
Table I. Complete Pinout List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Table II. Analog Interface Pin List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Table III. Interface Selection Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Table IV. Power-Down Mode Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Table V. VCO Frequency Ranges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Table VI. Charge Pump Current/Control Bits . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Table VII. Recommended VCO Range and Charge Pump
Current Settings for Standard Display Formats . . . . . . . . . . 18
Table VIII. Digital Interface Pin List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Table IX. Control Register Map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Table X. VCO Ranges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Table XI. Charge Pump Currents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Table XII. Channel Mode Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Table XIII. Output Mode Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Table XIV. Output Port Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Table XV. HSYNC Output Polarity Settings . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Table XVI. VSYNC Output Polarity Settings . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Table XVII. HSNYC Input Polarity Settings . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Table XVIII. COAST Input Polarity Settings . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Table XIX. Clamp Input Signal Source Settings . . . . . . . . . 34
Table XX. CLAMP Input Signal Polarity Settings . . . . . . . 34
Table XXI. External Clock Select Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Table XXII. Red Clamp Select Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Table XXIII. Green Clamp Select Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Table XXIV. Blue Clamp Select Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Table XXV. Clock Output Invert Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Table XXVI. Pix Select Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Table XXVII. Output Drive Strength Settings . . . . . . . . . . 35
Table XXVIII. Power-Down Output Settings . . . . . . . . . . . 35
–2–
REV. 0
AD9887A
TABLE INDEX (continued)
Table XXIX. Sync Detect Polarity Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Table XXX. HSYNC Detection Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Table XXXI. Sync-on-Green Detection Results . . . . . . . . .
Table XXXII. VSYNC Detection Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Table XXXIII. Digital Interface Clock Detection Results . .
Table XXXIV. Active Interface Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Table XXXV. Active HSYNC Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Table XXXVI. Active VSYNC Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Table XXXVII. Active Interface Override Settings . . . . . . .
Table XXXVIII. Active Interface Select Settings . . . . . . . . .
Table XXXIX. Active Hsync Override Settings . . . . . . . . . .
Table XL. Active HSYNC Select Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Table XLI. Active VSYNC Override Settings . . . . . . . . . . .
Table XLII. Active VSYNC Select Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Table XLIII. COAST Select Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Table XLIV. Power-Down Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Table XLV. Scan Enable Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Table XLVI. Coast Input Polarity Override Settings . . . . . .
Table XLVII. HSYNC Input Polarity Override Settings . . .
Table XLVIII. Detected HSYNC Input Polarity Status . . .
Table XLIX. Detected VSYNC Input Polarity Status . . . . .
Table L. Detected Coast Input Polarity Status . . . . . . . . . .
Table LI. 4:2:2 Input/Output Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . .
Table LII. 4:2:2 Output Mode Select . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Table LIII. Serial Port Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Table LIV. Control of the Sync Block Muxes via the Serial
Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
REV. 0
35
36
36
36
36
36
36
37
37
37
37
37
37
37
37
37
38
38
38
38
38
38
39
39
39
40
–3–
AD9887A–SPECIFICATIONS
ANALOG INTERFACE (V
D
Parameter
= 3.3 V, VDD = 3.3 V, ADC Clock = Maximum Conversion Rate, unless otherwise noted.)
Temp
Test
AD9887AKS-100
Level Min Typ Max
RESOLUTION
DC ACCURACY
Differential Nonlinearity
Integral Nonlinearity
No Missing Codes
ANALOG INPUT
Input Voltage Range
Minimum
Maximum
Gain Tempco
Input Bias Current
Input Full-Scale Matching
Offset Adjustment Range
25°C
Full
25°C
Full
25°C
I
VI
I
VI
I
Full
Full
25°C
25°C
Full
Full
Full
VI
VI
V
IV
IV
VI
VI
AD9887AKS-140
Min Typ Max
Unit
8
8
8
Bits
± 0.5 +1.15/–1.0
+1.15/–1.0
± 0.5 ± 1.40
± 1.75
Guaranteed
± 0.5 +1.25/–1.0
+1.25/–1.0
± 0.5 ± 1.4
± 2.5
Guaranteed
± 0.8 +1.25/–1.0
+1.50/–1.0
± 1.0 ± 2.25
± 2.75
Guaranteed
LSB
LSB
LSB
LSB
0.5
1.0
0.5
1.0
135
43
AD9887AKS-170
Min Typ Max
48
0.5
1.0
150
1
1
8.0
53
43
48
150
1
1
8.0
53
43
48
1
1
8.0
53
V p-p
V p-p
ppm/°C
µA
µA
% FS
% FS
REFERENCE OUTPUT
Output Voltage
Full
V
1.3
1.3
1.3
V
Temperature Coefficient
Full
V
90
90
90
ppm/°C
Full
Full
Full
VI
IV
IV
VI
VI
VI
VI
VI
VI
VI
VI
IV
VI
IV
IV
IV
IV
4.7
4.0
0
4.7
4.0
250
4.7
4.0
15
100
Sampling Phase Tempco
Full
Full
Full
Full
Full
Full
Full
Full
Full
Full
Full
25°C
Full
Full
DIGITAL INPUTS
Input Voltage, High (VIH)
Input Voltage, Low (VIL)
Input Current, High (VIH)
Input Current, Low (VIL)
Input Capacitance
Full
Full
Full
Full
25°C
VI
VI
IV
IV
V
2.6
Full
Full
VI
VI
2.4
Full
IV
45
SWITCHING PERFORMANCE 1
Maximum Conversion Rate
Minimum Conversion Rate
Clock to Data Skew, tSKEW
Serial Port Timing
tBUFF
tSTAH
tDHO
tDAL
tDAH
tDSU
tSTASU
tSTOSU
HSYNC Input Frequency
Maximum PLL Clock Rate
Minimum PLL Clock Rate
PLL Jitter
DIGITAL OUTPUTS
Output Voltage, High (VOH)
Output Voltage, Low (V OL)
Duty Cycle
DATACK, DATACK
Output Coding
100
140
10
+2.5
–1.5
110
500
170
10
+2.5
–1.5
4.7
4.0
0
4.7
4.0
250
4.7
4.0
15
140
12
7002
10002
110
440
10
–1.5
4.7
4.0
0
4.7
4.0
250
4.7
4.0
15
170
12
6503
7003
0.8
–1.0
+1.0
3
3
2.4
0.4
2.4
0.4
45
55
60
Binary
0.4
45
MSPS
MSPS
ns
µs
µs
µs
µs
µs
ns
µs
µs
kHz
MHz
MHz
ps p-p
ps p-p
ps/°C
2.6
0.8
–1.0
+1.0
3
12
5004
7004
10
2.6
0.8
–1.0
+1.0
–4–
110
370
10
55
60
Binary
10
+2.5
55
65
Binary
V
V
µA
µA
pF
V
V
%
REV. 0
AD9887A
Parameter
Test
Temp Level
AD9887AKS-100
Min Typ Max
AD9887AKS-140
Min Typ Max
AD9887AKS-170
Min Typ Max
Unit
POWER SUPPLY
VD Supply Voltage
VDD Supply Voltage
PVD Supply Voltage
ID Supply Current (VD)
IDD Supply Current (VDD)5
IPVD Supply Current (PVD)
Total Supply Current5
Power-Down Supply Current
Full
Full
Full
25°C
25°C
25°C
Full
Full
IV
IV
IV
V
V
V
VI
VI
3.15 3.3
2.2 3.3
3.15 3.3
140
34
15
300
90
3.15 3.3
2.2 3.3
3.15 3.3
155
48
16
335
90
3.15 3.3
2.2 3.3
3.15 3.3
230
55
60
345
90
V
V
V
mA
mA
mA
mA
mA
25°C
25°C
25°C
25°C
V
V
V
V
330
2
1.5
46
330
2
1.5
46
330
2
1.5
45
MHz
ns
ns
dB
Full
V
60
60
60
dBc
V
37
37
37
°C/W
DYNAMIC PERFORMANCE
Analog Bandwidth, Full Power
Transient Response
Overvoltage Recovery Time
Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) 6
fIN = 40.7 MHz
Crosstalk
THERMAL CHARACTERISTICS
θJA Junction-to-Ambient7
Thermal Resistance
3.45
3.45
3.45
330
120
NOTES
1
Drive Strength = 11.
2
VCO Range = 01, Charge Pump Current = 001, PLL Divider = 1693.
3
VCO Range = 10, Charge Pump Current = 110, PLL Divider = 1600.
4
VCO Range = 11, Charge Pump Current = 110, PLL Divider = 2159.
5
DEMUX = 1, DATACK and DATACK Load = 10 pF, Data Load = 5 pF.
6
Using external pixel clock.
7
Simulated typical performance with package mounted to a 4-layer board.
Specifications subject to change without notice.
REV. 0
–5–
3.45
3.45
3.45
360
120
3.45
3.45
3.45
390
120
AD9887A–SPECIFICATIONS
DIGITAL INTERFACE (V
D
= 3.3 V, VDD = 3.3 V, Clock = Maximum.)
Parameter
Conditions
Test
AD9887AKS
Temp Level Min Typ Max
RESOLUTION
DC DIGITAL I/O SPECIFICATIONS
High Level Input Voltage (VIH)
Low Level Input Voltage (VIL)
High Level Output Voltage (VOH)
Low Level Output Voltage (VOL)
Input Clamp Voltage (VCINL)
Input Clamp Voltage (VCIPL)
Output Clamp Voltage (VCONL)
Output Clamp Voltage (VCOPL)
Output Leakage Current (IOL)
8
Full
Full
Full
Full
Unit
Bits
(ICL = –18 mA)
(ICL = +18 mA)
(ICL = –18 mA)
(ICL = +18 mA)
(High Impedance)
Full
VI
VI
VI
VI
IV
IV
IV
IV
IV
Output Drive = High
Output Drive = Med
Output Drive = Low
Full
Full
Full
IV
IV
IV
13
8
5
mA
mA
mA
(IOLD) (VOUT = VOL)
Output Drive = High
Output Drive = Med
Output Drive = Low
Full
Full
Full
IV
IV
IV
–9
–7
–5
mA
mA
mA
(VOHC) (VOUT = VOH)
Output Drive = High
Output Drive = Med
Output Drive = Low
Full
Full
Full
IV
IV
IV
25
12
8
mA
mA
mA
Output Drive = High
Output Drive = Med
Output Drive = Low
Full
Full
Full
Full
IV
IV
IV
IV
–25
–19
–8
75
800
mA
mA
mA
mV
Full
IV
3.15 3.3
3.45
V
Full
Full
25°C
25°C
25°C
IV
IV
V
V
IV
VI
2.2 3.3
3.15 3.3
350
40
130
520
3.45
3.45
V
V
mA
mA
mA
mA
DC SPECIFICATIONS
Output High Drive
(IOHD) (VOUT = VOH)
DATACK Low Drive
(VOLC) (VOUT = VOL)
Differential Input Voltage Single-Ended Amplitude
POWER SUPPLY
VD Supply Voltage
VDD Supply Voltage
Minimum Value for 2 Pixels per
Clock Mode
PVD Supply Voltage
ID Supply Current1
IDD Supply Current1, 2
IPVD Supply Current1
Total Supply Current with HDCP1, 2
AC SPECIFICATIONS
Intrapair (+ to –) Differential Input Skew (TDPS)
Channel-to-Channel Differential Input Skew (TCCS)
2.6
0.8
2.4
0.4
GND – 0.8
VDD + 0.8
GND – 0.8
VDD + 0.8
+10
–10
560
Full
Full
IV
IV
360
1.0
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
µA
Low-to-High Transition Time for Data and
Controls (DLHT)
Output Drive = High; CL = 10 pF
Output Drive = Med; CL = 7 pF
Output Drive = Low; CL = 5 pF
Full
Full
Full
IV
IV
IV
2.5
3.1
5.4
ps
Clock
Period
ns
ns
ns
Low-to-High Transition Time for DATACK (DLHT)
Output Drive = High; CL = 10 pF
Output Drive = Med; CL = 7 pF
Output Drive = Low; CL = 5 pF
Full
Full
Full
IV
IV
IV
1.2
1.6
2.3
ns
ns
ns
High-to-Low Transition Time for Data (DHLT)
Output Drive = High; CL = 10 pF
Output Drive = Med; CL = 7 pF
Output Drive = Low; CL = 5 pF
Full
Full
Full
IV
IV
IV
2.6
3.0
3.7
ns
ns
ns
–6–
REV. 0
AD9887A
Parameter
Test
AD9887AKS
Temp Level Min Typ Max
Conditions
AC SPECIFICATIONS (continued)
High-to-Low Transition Time for DATACK (DHLT)
Clock to Data Skew, tSKEW3
Duty Cycle, DATACK, DATACK3
Full
Full
Full
Full
Full
IV
IV
IV
IV
IV
0
45
1.4
1.6
2.4
4.0
55
DATACK Frequency (fCIP) (1 Pixel/Clock)
DATACK Frequency (fCIP) (2 Pixels/Clock)
Full
Full
VI
IV
20
10
140
85
Output Drive = High; CL =10 pF
Output Drive = Med; CL = 7 pF
Output Drive = Low; CL = 5 pF
Unit
ns
ns
ns
ns
% of
Period
High
MHz
MHz
NOTES
1
The typical pattern contains a gray scale area, Output Drive = High.
2
DATACK and DATACK Load = 10 pF, Data Load = 5 pF, HDCP disabled.
3
Drive Strength = 11
Specifications subject to change without notice.
EXPLANATION OF TEST LEVELS
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS*
VD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.6 V
VDD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.6 V
Analog Inputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . VD to 0.0 V
VREF IN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . VD to 0.0 V
Digital Inputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 V to 0.0 V
Digital Output Current . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 mA
Operating Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –25°C to +85°C
Storage Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –65°C to +150°C
Maximum Junction Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150°C
Maximum Case Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150°C
Test
Level
I
II
III
IV
V
VI
*Stresses above those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only; functional operation of the
device at these or any other conditions outside of those indicated in the operation
sections of this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum ratings
for extended periods may affect device reliability.
Explanation
100% production tested.
100% production tested at 25°C and sample
tested at specified temperatures.
Sample tested only.
Parameter is guaranteed by design and characterization testing.
Parameter is a typical value only.
100% production tested at 25°C; guaranteed
by design and characterization testing.
ORDERING GUIDE
Model
AD9887AKS-170
AD9887AKS-140
AD9887AKS-100
AD9887A/PCB
Max Speed (MHz)
Analog
DVI
Temperature
Range
Package
Description
Package
Option
170
140
100
0°C to 70°C
0°C to 70°C
0°C to 70°C
25°C
Metric Quad Flatpack
Metric Quad Flatpack
Metric Quad Flatpack
Evaluation Board
S-160
S-160
S-160
170
140
100
CAUTION
ESD (electrostatic discharge) sensitive device. Electrostatic charges as high as 4000 V readily
accumulate on the human body and test equipment and can discharge without detection. Although the
AD9887A features proprietary ESD protection circuitry, permanent damage may occur on devices
subjected to high energy electrostatic discharges. Therefore, proper ESD precautions are recommended
to avoid performance degradation or loss of functionality.
REV. 0
–7–
AD9887A
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
1
120
PIN 1
IDENTIFIER
2
3
4
119
118
117
5
116
6
115
7
114
8
113
9
112
10
111
11
110
12
109
13
108
14
107
15
106
16
105
17
104
AD9887A
18
19
103
102
TOP VIEW
(Not to Scale)
20
101
21
22
100
23
24
98
97
25
96
26
95
27
94
28
93
29
92
30
31
91
32
33
89
88
34
87
35
86
36
85
37
84
38
83
39
82
40
81
99
79
80
78
77
75
76
74
73
72
71
70
69
68
67
65
66
64
63
61
62
60
59
58
56
57
55
54
53
52
51
49
50
48
47
46
45
43
44
41
42
90
RMIDSCV
RAIN
RCLAMPV
VD
GND
VD
VD
GND
GND
GMIDSCV
GAIN
GCLAMPV
SOGIN
VD
GND
VD
VD
GND
GND
BMIDSCV
BAIN
BCLAMPV
VD
GND
VD
GND
CKINV
CLAMP
SDA
SCL
A0
A1
PVD
PVD
GND
GND
COAST
CKEXT
HSYNC
VSYNC
GND
GND
VDD
GND
SCANOUT
CTL0
CTL1
CTL2
MCL
SCANCLK
VD
GND
RTERM
VD
VD
Rx2+
Rx2–
GND
Rx1+
Rx1–
GND
Rx0+
Rx0–
GND
RxC+
RxC–
VD
VD
GND
VD
MDA
DDCSDA
DDCSCL
GND
PVD
GND
PVD
FILT
PVD
GND
VDD
GND
GREEN A<7>
GREEN A<6>
GREEN A<5>
GREEN A<4>
GREEN A<3>
GREEN A<2>
GREEN A<1>
GREEN A<0>
VDD
GND
GREEN B<7>
GREEN B<6>
GREEN B<5>
GREEN B<4>
GREEN B<3>
GREEN B<2>
GREEN B<1>
GREEN B<0>
VDD
GND
BLUE A<7>
BLUE A<6>
BLUE A<5>
BLUE A<4>
BLUE A<3>
BLUE A<2>
BLUE A<1>
BLUE A<0>
VDD
GND
BLUE B<7>
BLUE B<6>
BLUE B<5>
BLUE B<4>
BLUE B<3>
BLUE B<2>
BLUE B<1>
BLUE B<0>
159
160
RED B<0>
RED B<1>
RED B<2>
RED B<3>
RED B<4>
RED B<5>
RED B<6>
RED B<7>
GND
VDD
RED A<0>
RED A<1>
RED A<2>
RED A<3>
RED A<4>
RED A<5>
RED A<6>
RED A<7>
GND
VDD
SOGOUT
HSOUT
VSOUT
DE
SCDT
DATACK
DATACK
GND
VDD
GND
GND
SCANIN
GND
VD
REFOUT
REFIN
VD
VD
GND
GND
PIN CONFIGURATION
–8–
REV. 0
AD9887A
Table I. Complete Pinout List
Pin
Type
Pin
Mnemonic
Function
Value
Pin
Number
Interface
Analog Video
Inputs
RAIN
GAIN
BAIN
Analog Input for Converter R
Analog Input for Converter G
Analog Input for Converter B
0.0 V to 1.0 V
0.0 V to 1.0 V
0.0 V to 1.0 V
119
110
100
Analog
Analog
Analog
External
Sync/Clock
Inputs
HSYNC
VSYNC
SOGIN
CLAMP
COAST
CKEXT
CKINV
Horizontal SYNC Input
Vertical SYNC Input
Input for Sync-on-Green
Clamp Input (External CLAMP Signal)
PLL COAST Signal Input
External Pixel Clock Input (to Bypass the PLL) to VDD or Ground
ADC Sampling Clock Invert
3.3 V CMOS
3.3 V CMOS
0.0 V to 1.0 V
3.3 V CMOS
3.3 V CMOS
3.3 V CMOS
3.3 V CMOS
82
81
108
93
84
83
94
Analog
Analog
Analog
Analog
Analog
Analog
Analog
Sync Outputs
HSOUT
VSOUT
SOGOUT
HSYNC Output Clock (Phase-Aligned with DATACK)
VSYNC Output Clock
Composite Sync
3.3 V CMOS
3.3 V CMOS
3.3 V CMOS
139
138
140
Both
Both
Analog
Voltage
Reference
REFOUT
REFIN
Internal Reference Output (Bypass with 0.1 µF to Ground)
Reference Input (1.25 V ± 10%)
1.25 V
1.25 V ± 10%
126
125
Analog
Analog
Clamp Voltages
RMIDSCV
RCLAMPV
GMIDSCV
GCLAMPV
BMIDSCV
BCLAMPV
Red Channel Midscale Clamp Voltage Output
Red Channel Midscale Clamp Voltage Input
Green Channel Midscale Clamp Voltage Output
Green Channel Midscale Clamp Voltage Input
Blue Channel Midscale Clamp Voltage Output
Blue Channel Midscale Clamp Voltage Input
120
118
111
109
101
99
Analog
Analog
Analog
Analog
Analog
Analog
PLL Filter
FILT
Connection for External Filter Components for Internal PLL
78
Analog
Power Supply
VD
VDD
PVD
GND
Analog Power Supply
Output Power Supply
PLL Power Supply
Ground
3.3 V ± 10%
3.3 V ± 10%
3.3 V ± 10%
0V
Serial Port
(2-Wire
Serial Interface)
SDA
SCL
A0
A1
Serial Port Data I/O
Serial Port Data Clock (100 kHz Max)
Serial Port Address Input 1
Serial Port Address Input 2
3.3 V CMOS
3.3 V CMOS
3.3 V CMOS
3.3 V CMOS
92
91
90
89
Both
Both
Both
Both
Data Outputs
Red B[7:0]
Green B[7:0]
Blue B[7:0]
Red A[7:0]
Green A[7:0]
Blue A[7:0]
Port B/Odd Outputs of Converter “Red,” Bit 7 Is the MSB
Port B/Odd Outputs of Converter “Green,” Bit 7 Is the MSB
Port B/Odd Outputs of Converter “Blue,” Bit 7 Is the MSB
Port A/Even Outputs of Converter “Red,” Bit 7 Is the MSB
Port A/Even Outputs of Converter “Green,” Bit 7 Is the MSB
Port A/Even Outputs of Converter “Blue,” Bit 7 Is the MSB
3.3 V CMOS
3.3 V CMOS
3.3 V CMOS
3.3 V CMOS
3.3 V CMOS
3.3 V CMOS
153–160
13–20
33–40
143–150
3–10
23–30
Both
Both
Both
Both
Both
Both
Data Clock
Outputs
DATACK
DATACK
Data Output Clock for the Analog and Digital Interface
Data Output Clock Complement for the Analog Interface Only
3.3 V CMOS
3.3 V CMOS
134
135
Both
Both
Sync Detect
SCDT
Sync Detect Output
3.3 V CMOS
136
Both
Scan Function
SCANIN
SCANOUT
SCANCLK
Input for SCAN Function
Output for SCAN Function
Clock for SCAN Function
3.3 V CMOS
3.3 V CMOS
3.3 V CMOS
129
45
50
Both
Both
Both
Digital Video
Data Inputs
Rx0+
Rx0–
Rx1+
Rx1–
Rx2+
Rx2–
Digital Input Channel 0 True
Digital Input Channel 0 Complement
Digital Input Channel 1 True
Digital Input Channel 1 Complement
Digital Input Channel 2 True
Digital Input Channel 2 Complement
62
63
59
60
56
57
Digital
Digital
Digital
Digital
Digital
Digital
REV. 0
–9–
0.0 V to 0.75 V
0.0 V to 0.75 V
0.0 V to 0.75 V
Both
Both
Both
Both
AD9887A
Pin
Type
Pin
Mnemonic
Function
Digital Video
Clock Inputs
RxC+
RxC–
Digital Data Clock True
Digital Data Clock Complement
Data Enable
DE
Data Enable
Control Bits
CTL[0:2]
Decoded Control Bits
RTERM
RTERM
Sets Internal Termination Resistance
HDCP
DDCSCL
DDCSDA
MCL
MDA
HDCP Slave Serial Port Data Clock
HDCP Slave Serial Port Data I/O
HDCP Master Serial Port Data Clock
HDCP Master Serial Port Data I/O
DESCRIPTIONS OF PINS SHARED BETWEEN ANALOG
AND DIGITAL INTERFACES
HSOUT
VSOUT
Horizontal Sync Output
A reconstructed and phase-aligned version of
the video HSYNC. The polarity of this output
can be controlled via a serial bus bit. In analog
interface mode, the placement and duration
are variable. In digital interface mode, the
placement and duration are set by the graphics
transmitter.
Vertical Sync Output
The separated VSYNC from a composite
signal or a direct pass through of the VSYNC
input. The polarity of this output can be controlled via a serial bus bit. The placement and
duration in all modes is set by the graphics
transmitter.
DATACK
DATACK
The main data outputs. Bit 7 is the MSB.
These outputs are shared between the two
interfaces and behave according to which
interface is active. Refer to the sections on the
two interfaces for more information on how
these outputs behave.
Digital
Digital
3.3 V CMOS
137
Digital
3.3 V CMOS
46–48
Digital
53
Digital
3.3 V CMOS
3.3 V CMOS
3.3 V CMOS
3.3 V CMOS
73
72
49
71
Digital
Digital
Digital
Digital
Data Output Clock
Data Output Clock Complement
Various
SCDT
Serial Port Data I/O
Serial Port Data Clock
Serial Port Address Input 1
Serial Port Address Input 2
For a full description of the 2-wire serial register and how it works, refer to the Control
Register section.
Data Output, Red Channel, Port A/Even
Data Output, Red Channel, Port B/Odd
Data Output, Green Channel, Port A/Even
Data Output, Green Channel, Port B/Odd
Data Output, Blue Channel, Port A/Even
Data Output, Blue Channel, Port B/Odd
65
66
Just like the data outputs, the data clock outputs
are shared between the two interfaces. They
also behave differently depending on which
interface is active. Refer to the sections on the
two interfaces to determine how these pins
behave.
Chip Active/Inactive Detect Output
The logic for the SCDT pin is [analog interface
HSYNC detection] OR [digital interface DE
detection]. So, the SCDT pin will switch to logic
LOW under two conditions, when neither
interface is active or when the chip is in full
chip power-down mode. The data outputs are
automatically three-stated when SCDT is LOW.
This pin can be read by a controller in order
to determine periods of inactivity.
SCAN Function
SCANIN
Data Input for SCAN Function
Data can be loaded serially into the 48-bit
SCAN register through this pin, clocking it in
with the SCANCLK pin. It then comes out of
the 48 data outputs in parallel. This function is
useful for loading known data into a graphics
controller chip for testing purposes.
Data Outputs
RED A
RED B
GREEN A
GREEN B
BLUE A
BLUE B
Interface
Data Clock Outputs
Serial Port (2-Wire)
SDA
SCL
A0
A1
Pin
Number
Value
SCANOUT
Data Output for SCAN Function
The data in the 48-bit SCAN register can be
read through this pin. Data is read on a FIFO
basis and is clocked via the SCANCLK pin.
SCANCLK
Data Clock for SCAN Function
This pin clocks the data through the SCAN
register. It controls both data input and data
output.
–10–
REV. 0
AD9887A
Table II. Analog Interface Pin List
Pin
Type
Pin
Mnemonic
Function
Value
Pin
Number
Analog Video Inputs
RAIN
GAIN
BAIN
HSYNC
VSYNC
SOGIN
CLAMP
COAST
CKEXT
Analog Input for Converter R
Analog Input for Converter G
Analog Input for Converter B
Horizontal SYNC Input
Vertical SYNC Input
Sync-on-Green Input
Clamp Input (External CLAMP Signal)
PLL COAST Signal Input
External Pixel Clock Input (to Bypass Internal PLL)
or 10 kΩ to VDD
ADC Sampling Clock Invert
HSYNC Output (Phase-Aligned with DATACK and DATACK)
VSYNC Output
Composite Sync
Internal Reference Output (bypass with 0.1 µF to ground)
Reference Input (1.25 V ± 10%)
Voltage output equal to the RED converter midscale voltage.
During midscale clamping, the RED Input is clamped to this pin.
Voltage output equal to the GREEN converter midscale voltage.
During midscale clamping, the GREEN Input is clamped to this pin.
Voltage output equal to the BLUE converter midscale voltage.
During midscale clamping, the BLUE Input is clamped to this pin.
Connection for External Filter Components for Internal PLL
Main Power Supply
PLL Power Supply (Nominally 3.3 V)
Output Power Supply
Ground
0.0 V to 1.0 V
0.0 V to 1.0 V
0.0 V to 1.0 V
3.3 V CMOS
3.3 V CMOS
0.0 V to 1.0 V
3.3 V CMOS
3.3 V CMOS
3.3 V CMOS
119
110
100
82
81
108
93
84
83
3.3 V CMOS
3.3 V CMOS
3.3 V CMOS
3.3 V CMOS
1.25 V
1.25 V ± 10%
0.5 V ± 50%
0.0 V to 0.75 V
0.5 V ± 50%
0.0 V to 0.75 V
0.5 V ± 50%
0.0 V to 0.75 V
94
139
138
140
126
125
120
118
111
109
101
99
78
External
Sync/Clock
Inputs
Sync Outputs
Voltage Reference
Clamp Voltages
PLL Filter
Power Supply
CKINV
HSOUT
VSOUT
SOGOUT
REFOUT
REFIN
RMIDSCV
RCLAMPV
GMIDSCV
GCLAMPV
BMIDSCV
BCLAMPV
FILT
VD
PVD
VDD
GND
Polarity = 0, the falling edge of HSYNC is
used. When HSYNC Polarity = 1, the rising
edge is active.
PIN FUNCTION DETAILS (ANALOG INTERFACE)
Inputs
RAIN
Analog Input for RED Channel
GAIN
Analog Input for GREEN Channel
BAIN
Analog Input for BLUE Channel
High-impedance inputs that accept the RED,
GREEN, and BLUE channel graphics signals,
respectively. For RGB, the three channels are
identical and can be used for any colors, but
colors are assigned for convenient reference.
For proper 4:2:2 formatting in a YUV application, the Y channel must be connected to
the GAIN input, U must be connected to the
BAIN input, and V must be connected to the
RAIN input.
The input includes a Schmitt trigger for noise
immunity, with a nominal input threshold
of 1.5 V.
Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) protection
diodes will conduct heavily if this pin is driven
more than 0.5 V above the maximum tolerance voltage (3.3 V), or more than 0.5 V
below ground.
VSYNC
Vertical Sync Input
SOGIN
Sync-on-Green Input
This is the input for vertical sync.
This input is provided to assist with processing
signals with embedded sync, typically on the
GREEN channel. The pin is connected to a
high-speed comparator with an internally
generated threshold, which is set to 0.15 V
above the negative peak of the input signal.
They accommodate input signals ranging
from 0.5 V to 1.0 V full scale. Signals should
be ac-coupled to these pins to support clamp
operation.
HSYNC
Horizontal Sync Input
This input receives a logic signal that establishes the horizontal timing reference and
provides the frequency reference for pixel
clock generation.
When connected to an ac-coupled graphics
signal with embedded sync, it will produce a
noninverting digital output on SOGOUT.
When not used, this input should be left
unconnected. For more details on this function and how it should be configured, refer to
the Sync-on-Green section.
The logic sense of this pin is controlled by
serial register 0Fh Bit 7 (HSYNC Polarity).
Only the leading edge of HSYNC is active,
the trailing edge is ignored. When HSYNC
REV. 0
3.3 V ± 5%
3.3 V ± 5%
3.3 V or 2.5 V ± 5%
0V
–11–
AD9887A
CLAMP
This logic input may be used to define the
time during which the input signal is clamped
to the reference dc level (ground for RGB or
midscale for YUV). It should be exercised
when the reference dc level is known to be
present on the analog input channels, typically
during the back porch of the graphics signal.
The CLAMP pin is enabled by setting control bit EXTCLMP to 1, (the default power-up
is 0). When disabled, this pin is ignored and
the clamp timing is determined internally by
counting a delay and duration from the trailing
edge of the HSYNC input. The logic sense of
this pin is controlled by CLAMPOL. When
not used, this pin must be grounded and
EXTCLMP programmed to 0.
COAST
This pin should be exercised only during blanking intervals (typically vertical blanking) as it
may produce several samples of corrupted data
during the phase shift.
External Clamp Input (Optional)
CKINV should be grounded when not used.
Either or both signals may be used, depending
on the timing mode and interface design
employed.
HSOUT
A reconstructed and phase-aligned version of
the Hsync input. Both the polarity and duration
of this output can be programmed via serial
bus registers.
By maintaining alignment with DATACK,
DATACK, and Data, data timing with
respect to horizontal sync can always be
determined.
Clock Generator Coast Input (Optional)
This input may be used to cause the pixel clock
generator to stop synchronizing with HSYNC
and continue producing a clock at its current
frequency and phase. This is useful when
processing signals from sources that fail to
produce horizontal sync pulses when in the
vertical interval. The COAST signal is generally
not required for PC-generated signals. Applications requiring COAST can do so through
the internal COAST found in the SYNC
processing engine.
SOGOUT
The logic sense of this pin is controlled by
COAST Polarity.
REFOUT
The output from this pin is the Composite
Sync without additional processing from the
AD9887A.
It is enabled by programming EXTCLK to 1.
When an external clock is used, all other internal functions operate normally. When unused,
this pin should be tied to VDD or to GROUND,
and EXTCLK programmed to 0. The clock
phase adjustment still operates when an external
clock source is used.
If an external reference is used, connect this
pin to ground through a 0.1 µF capacitor.
REFIN
Reference Input
The reference input accepts the master reference voltage for all AD9887A internal circuitry
(1.25 V ±10%). It may be driven directly by the
REFOUT pin. Its high impedance presents a
very light load to the reference source.
Sampling Clock Inversion (Optional)
This pin may be used to invert the pixel
sampling clock, which has the effect of
shifting the sampling phase 180°. This is in
support of Alternate Pixel Sampling mode,
wherein higher frequency input signals (up
to 340 Mpps) may be captured by first sampling the odd pixels, then capturing the even
pixels on the subsequent frame.
Internal Reference Output
Output from the internal 1.25 V band gap reference. This output is intended to drive relatively
light loads. It can drive the AD9887A reference
input directly but should be externally buffered
if it is used to drive other loads as well.
The absolute accuracy of this output is ± 4%,
and the temperature coefficient is ± 50 ppm,
which is adequate for most AD9887A applications. If higher accuracy is required, an
external reference may be employed instead.
External Clock Input (Optional)
This pin may be used to provide an external
clock to the AD9887A, in place of the clock
internally generated from HSYNC.
CKINV
Sync-On-Green Slicer Output
This pin can be programmed to output
either the output from the Sync-On-Green
slicer comparator or an unprocessed but
delayed version of the HSYNC input. See
the Sync Block Diagram to view how this
pin is connected.
When not used, this pin may be grounded and
COAST Polarity programmed to 1, or tied
HIGH and COAST Polarity programmed to 0.
COAST Polarity defaults to 1 at power-up.
CKEXT
Horizontal Sync Output
This pin should always be bypassed to Ground
with a 0.1 µF capacitor.
FILT
External Filter Connection
For proper operation, the pixel clock generator
PLL requires an external filter. Connect the
filter shown in Figure 7 to this pin. For optimal
performance, minimize noise and parasitics
on this node.
–12–
REV. 0
AD9887A
Outputs
Power Supply
RED A
Data Output, Red Channel, Port A/EVEN
RED B
Data Output, Red Channel, Port B/ODD
GREEN A
Data Output, Green Channel, Port A/EVEN
GREEN B
Data Output, Green Channel, Port B/ODD
BLUE A
Data Output, Blue Channel, Port A/EVEN
BLUE B
Data Output, Blue Channel, Port B/ODD
VD
These pins supply power to the main elements
of the circuit. It should be filtered to be as
quiet as possible.
VDD
Each channel has two ports. When the part is
operated in single-channel mode (DEMUX = 0),
all data are presented to Port A, and Port B is
placed in a high impedance state.
If the AD9887A is interfacing with lowervoltage logic, VDD may be connected to a lower
supply voltage (as low as 2.2 V) for compatibility.
PVD
Programming DEMUX to 1 established dualchannel mode, wherein alternate pixels are
presented to Port A and Port B of each channel.
These will appear simultaneously, two pixels
presented at the time of every second input
pixel, when PAR is set to 1 (parallel mode).
When PAR = 0, pixel data appear alternately
on the two ports, one new sample with each
incoming pixel (interleaved mode).
GND
The delay from pixel sampling time to output is
fixed. When the sampling time is changed by
adjusting the PHASE register, the output timing is
shifted as well. The DATACK, DATACK, and
HSOUT outputs are also moved, so the timing
relationship among the signals is maintained.
DATACK
Data Output Clock Complement
Differential data clock output signals to be
used to strobe the output data and HSOUT
into external logic.
They are produced by the internal clock generator and are synchronous with the internal
pixel sampling clock.
When the AD9887A is operated in singlechannel mode, the output frequency is equal
to the pixel sampling frequency. When operating
in dual-channel mode, the clock frequency is
one-half the pixel frequency.
When the sampling time is changed by adjusting
the PHASE register, the output timing is shifted
as well. The Data, DATACK, DATACK, and
HSOUT outputs are all moved, so the timing
relationship among the signals is maintained.
REV. 0
Clock Generator Power Supply
The most sensitive portion of the AD9887A
is the clock generation circuitry. These pins
provide power to the clock PLL and help the
user design for optimal performance. The
designer should provide noise-free power to
these pins.
Ground
The ground return for all circuitry on-chip. It is
recommended that the application circuit
board have a single, solid ground plane.
In dual-channel mode, the first pixel after
HSYNC is routed to Port A. The second pixel
goes to Port B, the third to A, etc.
Data Output Clock
Digital Output Power Supply
These supply pins are identified separately
from the VD pins so special care can be taken
to minimize output noise transferred into the
sensitive analog circuitry.
These are the main data outputs. Bit 7 is the MSB.
DATACK
Main Power Supply
THEORY OF OPERATION (INTERFACE DETECTION)
Active Interface Detection and Selection
The AD9887A includes circuitry to detect whether an interface
is active (see Table III).
For detecting the analog interface, the circuitry monitors the
presence of HSYNC, VSYNC, and Sync-on-Green. The result of
the detection circuitry can be read from the 2-wire serial interface
bus at Address 11H Bits 7, 6, and 5, respectively. If one of these
sync signals disappears, the maximum time it takes for the
circuitry to detect it is 100 ms.
There are two stages for detecting the digital interface. The first
stage searches for the presence of the digital interface clock. The
circuitry for detecting the digital interface clock is active even
when the digital interface is powered down. The result of this
detection stage can be read from the 2-wire serial interface bus at
Address 11H Bit 4. If the clock disappears, the maximum time it
takes for the circuitry to detect it is 100 ms. Once a digital interface clock is detected, the digital interface is powered up and the
second stage of detection begins. During the second stage, the
circuitry searches for 32 consecutive DEs. Once 32 DEs are
found, the detection process is complete.
There is an override for the automatic interface selection. It is
the AIO bit (active interface override). When the AIO bit is set
to Logic 0, the automatic circuitry will be used. When the AIO
bit is set to Logic 1, the AIS bit will be used to determine the
active interface rather than the automatic circuitry.
–13–
AD9887A
power-down bit to determine the correct power state. In a given
power mode not all circuitry in the inactive interface is powered
down completely. When the digital interface is active, the band
gap reference and HSYNC detect circuitry is not powered down.
When the analog interface is active, the digital interface clock
detect circuit is not powered down. Table IV summarizes how
the AD9887A determines which power mode to be in and what
circuitry is powered on/off in each of these modes. The powerdown command has priority, followed by the active interface
override, and then the automatic circuitry.
Power Management
The AD9887A is a dual interface device with shared outputs.
Only one interface can be used at a time. For this reason, the
chip automatically powers down the unused interface. When
the analog interface is being used, most of the digital interface
circuitry is powered down and vice versa. This helps to minimize the
AD9887A total power dissipation. In addition, if neither interface
has activity on it, the chip powers down both interfaces.
The AD9887A uses the activity detect circuits, the active interface
bits in the serial registers, the active interface override bits, and the
Table III. Interface Selection Controls
Analog
AIO Interface Detect
Digital
Interface Detect
1
X
X
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
AIS
Active
Interface Description
0
1
X
Analog
Digital
None
X
X
X
1
Digital
Analog
Analog
Digital
Force the analog interface active.
Force the digital interface active.
Neither interface was detected. Both interfaces are
powered down and the SyncDT pin gets set to Logic 0.
The digital interface was detected. Power down the analog interface.
The analog interface was detected. Power down the digital interface.
Both interfaces were detected. The analog interface has priority.
Both interfaces were detected. The digital interface has priority.
Table IV. Power-Down Mode Descriptions
Mode
PowerDown1
Inputs
Analog
Digital
Interface Interface
Detect2
Detect3
Active
Active
Interface Interface
Override Select
Soft Power-Down (Seek Mode)
1
0
0
0
X
Digital Interface On
1
0
1
0
X
Analog Interface On
1
1
0
0
X
Serial Bus Arbitrated Interface
Serial Bus Arbitrated Interface
Override to Analog Interface
Override to Digital Interface
Absolute Power-Down
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
X
X
X
1
1
X
X
X
0
0
1
1
X
0
1
0
1
X
Powered On or Comments
Serial Bus, Digital Interface Clock Detect,
Analog Interface Activity Detect, SOG,
Band Gap Reference
Serial Bus, Digital Interface, Analog Interface
Activity Detect, SOG, Outputs, Band Gap
Reference
Serial Bus, Analog Interface, Digital Interface
Clock Detect, SOG, Outputs, Band Gap
Reference
Same as Analog Interface On Mode
Same as Digital Interface On Mode
Same as Analog Interface On Mode
Same as Digital Interface On Mode
Serial Bus
NOTES
1
Power-down is controlled via bit 0 in serial bus Register 12h.
2
Analog Interface Detect is determined by OR-ing Bits 7, 6, and 5 in serial bus Register 11h.
3
Digital Interface Detect is determined by Bit 4 in serial bus Register 11h.
–14–
REV. 0
AD9887A
HSYNC, VSYNC Inputs
THEORY OF OPERATION AND DESIGN GUIDE
(ANALOG INTERFACE)
General Description
The AD9887A is a fully integrated solution for capturing analog
RGB signals and digitizing them for display on flat panel monitors
or projectors. The device is ideal for implementing a computer
interface in HDTV monitors or as the front end to high performance video scan converters.
Implemented in a high performance CMOS process, the interface
can capture signals with pixel rates of up to 170 MHz and, with
an Alternate Pixel Sampling mode, up to 340 MHz.
The AD9887A includes all necessary input buffering, signal dc
restoration (clamping), offset and gain (brightness and contrast)
adjustment, pixel clock generation, sampling phase control,
and output data formatting. All controls are programmable via a
2-wire serial interface. Full integration of these sensitive analog
functions makes system design straightforward and less sensitive
to the physical and electrical environment.
With an operating temperature range of 0°C to 70°C, the device
requires no special environmental considerations.
Input Signal Handling
Figure 1. Analog Input Interface Circuit
REV. 0
The serial control port is designed for 3.3 V logic. If there are
5 V drivers on the bus, these pins should be protected with
150 Ω series resistors placed between the pull-up resistors and
the input pins.
To digitize the incoming signal properly, the dc offset of the input
must be adjusted to fit the range of the on-board A/D converters.
In an ideal world of perfectly matched impedances, the best performance can be obtained with the widest possible signal bandwidth.
The wide bandwidth inputs of the AD9887A (330 MHz) can
track the input signal continuously as it moves from one pixel
level to the next and digitize the pixel during a long, flat pixel
time. In many systems, however, there are mismatches, reflections,
and noise that can result in excessive ringing and distortion of
the input waveform. This makes it more difficult to establish a
sampling phase that provides good image quality. It has been
shown that a small inductor in series with the input is effective
in rolling off the input bandwidth slightly and providing a high
quality signal over a wider range of conditions. Using a Fair-Rite
#2508051217Z0 High-Speed Signal Chip Bead inductor in the
circuit of Figure 1 gives good results in most applications.
75⍀
Serial Control Port
Clamping
RGB Clamping
At that point the signal should be resistively terminated (75 Ω to
the signal ground return) and capacitively coupled to the AD9887A
inputs through 47 nF capacitors. These capacitors form part of
the dc restoration circuit (see Figure 1).
RAIN
GAIN
BAIN
When the VSYNC input is selected as the source for VSYNC, it
is used for COAST generation and is passed through to the
VSOUT pin.
The digital outputs are designed and specified to operate from
a 3.3 V power supply (VDD). They can also work with a VDD as
low as 2.5 V for compatibility with other 2.5 V logic.
Signals are typically brought onto the interface board via a
DVI-I connector, a 15-lead D connector, or BNC connectors.
The AD9887A should be located as close as practical to the
input connector. Signals should be routed via matched-impedance
traces (normally 75 Ω) to the IC input pins.
47nF
The HSYNC input includes a Schmitt trigger buffer and is
capable of handling signals with long rise times, with superior
noise immunity. In typical PC-based graphic systems, the sync
signals are simply TTL-level drivers feeding unshielded wires in
the monitor cable. As such, no termination is required or desired.
Output Signal Handling
The AD9887A has three high impedance analog input pins for
the Red, Green, and Blue channels. They will accommodate
signals ranging from 0.5 V to 1.0 V p-p.
RGB
INPUT
The AD9887A receives a horizontal sync signal and uses it to
generate the pixel clock and clamp timing. It is possible to operate
the AD9887A without applying HSYNC (using an external
clock, external clamp) but a number of features of the chip
will be unavailable, so it is recommended that HSYNC be
provided. This can be either a sync signal directly from the
graphics source, or a preprocessed TTL or CMOS level signal.
Most graphics systems produce RGB signals with black at ground
and white at approximately 0.75 V. However, if sync signals are
embedded in the graphics, the sync tip is often at ground and
black is at 300 mV. The white level will be approximately 1.0 V.
Some common RGB line amplifier boxes use emitter-follower
buffers to split signals and increase drive capability. This introduces a 700 mV dc offset to the signal, which is removed by
clamping for proper capture by the AD9887A.
The key to clamping is to identify a portion (time) of the signal
when the graphic system is known to be producing black. Originating
from CRT displays, the electron beam is “blanked” by sending
a black level during horizontal retrace to prevent disturbing the
image. Most graphics systems maintain this format of sending a
black level between active video lines.
An offset is then introduced which results in the A/D converters
producing a black output (Code 00h) when the known black
input is present. The offset then remains in place when other
signal levels are processed, and the entire signal is shifted to
eliminate offset errors.
In systems with embedded sync, a blacker-than-black signal
(HSYNC) is produced briefly to signal the CRT that it is time
to begin a retrace. For obvious reasons, it is important to avoid
clamping on the tip of HSYNC. Fortunately, there is virtually
always a period following HSYNC called the back porch where a
good black reference is provided. This is the time when clamping
should be done.
The clamp timing can be established by exercising the CLAMP
pin at the appropriate time (with EXTCLMP = 1). The polarity
of this signal is set by the Clamp Polarity bit.
–15–
AD9887A
An easier method of clamp timing employs the AD9887A internal
clamp timing generator. The clamp placement register is programmed with the number of pixel clocks that should pass after
the trailing edge of HSYNC before clamping starts. A second
register (clamp duration) sets the duration of the clamp. These
are both 8-bit values, providing considerable flexibility in clamp
generation. The clamp timing is referenced to the trailing edge
of HSYNC, the back porch (black reference) always follows
HSYNC. A good starting point for establishing clamping is to
set the clamp placement to 08h (providing eight pixel periods
for the graphics signal to stabilize after sync) and set the clamp
duration to 14h (giving the clamp 20 pixel periods to re-establish
the black reference).
Gain and Offset Control
The AD9887A can accommodate input signals with inputs
ranging from 0.5 V to 1.0 V full scale. The full-scale range is set
in three 8-bit registers (Red Gain, Green Gain, and Blue Gain).
A code of 0 establishes a minimum input range of 0.5 V; 255
corresponds with the maximum range of 1.0 V. Note that
increasing the gain setting results in an image with less contrast.
The offset control shifts the entire input range, resulting in a
change in image brightness. Three 7-bit registers (Red Offset,
Green Offset, Blue Offset) provide independent settings for
each channel.
The value of the external input coupling capacitor affects the
performance of the clamp. If the value is too small, there can be
an amplitude change during a horizontal line time (between
clamping intervals). If the capacitor is too large, it will take excessively long for the clamp to recover from a large change in incoming
signal offset. The recommended value (47 nF) results in recovery
from a step error of 100 mV to within 1/2 LSB in 10 lines using
a clamp duration of 20 pixel periods on a 60 Hz SXGA signal.
YUV Clamping
YUV signals are slightly different from RGB signals in that the
dc reference level (black level in RGB signals) will be at the
midpoint of the U and V video signal. For these signals, it can be
necessary to clamp to the midscale range of the A/D converter
range (80h) rather than bottom of the A/D converter range (00h).
The offset controls provide a ± 63 LSB adjustment range. This
range is connected with the full-scale range, so if the input range
is doubled (from 0.5 V to 1.0 V) then the offset step size is also
doubled (from 2 mV per step to 4 mV per step).
Figure 3 illustrates the interaction of gain and offset controls.
The magnitude of an LSB in offset adjustment is proportional
to the full-scale range, so changing the full-scale range also
changes the offset. The change is minimal if the offset setting is
near midscale. When changing the offset, the full-scale range is
not affected, but the full-scale level is shifted by the same amount
as the zero-scale level.
OFFSET = 7Fh
OFFSET = 3Fh
1.0
INPUT RANGE (V)
Clamping to midscale rather than ground can be accomplished
by setting the clamp select bits in the serial bus register. Each of
the three converters has its own selection bit so that they can be
clamped to either midscale or ground independently. These bits
are located in Register 0Fh and are Bits 0–2.
The midscale reference voltage that each A/D converter clamps
to is provided independently on the RMIDSCV, GMIDSCV, and
BMIDSCV pins. Each converter must have its own midscale reference because both offset adjustment and gain adjustment for
each converter will affect the dc level of midscale.
During clamping, the Y and V converters are clamped to their
respective midscale reference input. These inputs are pins
BCLAMPV and RCLAMPV for the U and V converters, respectively.
The typical connections for both RGB and YUV clamping are
shown below in Figure 2. Note: if midscale clamping is not
required, all of the midscale voltage outputs should still be
connected to ground through a 0.1 µF capacitor.
RMIDSCV
RCLAMPV
0.1␮F
GMIDSCV
GCLAMPV
OFFSET = 00h
0.5
OFFSET = 7Fh
OFFSET = 3Fh
0.0
OFFSET = 00h
00h
FFh
GAIN
Figure 3. Gain and Offset Control
Sync-on-Green
The Sync-on-Green input operates in two steps. First, it sets a
baseline clamp level from the incoming video signal with a negative
peak detector. Second, it sets the sync trigger level (nominally
150 mV above the negative peak). The exact trigger level is variable
and can be programmed via Register 11H. The Sync-on-Green
input must be ac-coupled to the green analog input through its own
capacitor as shown in Figure 4. The value of the capacitor must
be 1 nF ± 20%. If Sync-on-Green is not used, this connection is
not required and SOGIN should be left unconnected. (Note: The
Sync-on-Green signal is always negative polarity.) Please refer to
the Sync Processing section for more information.
0.1␮F
BMIDSCV
47nF
BCLAMPV
47nF
RAIN
BAIN
0.1␮F
47nF
GAIN
Figure 2. Typical Clamp Configuration for RBG/YUV
Applications
SOGIN
1nF
Figure 4. Typical Clamp Configuration for
RGB/YUV Applications
–16–
REV. 0
AD9887A
Clock Generation
A Phase Locked Loop (PLL) is employed to generate the pixel
clock. The HSYNC input provides a reference frequency for the
PLL. A Voltage Controlled Oscillator (VCO) generates a much
higher pixel clock frequency. This pixel clock is divided by the
PLL divide value (Registers 01H and 02H) and phase compared
with the Hsync input. Any error is used to shift the VCO frequency
and maintain lock between the two signals.
The stability of this clock is a very important element in providing the clearest and most stable image. During each pixel time,
there is a period when the signal is slewing from the old pixel
amplitude and settling at its new value. Then there is a time
when the input voltage is stable, before the signal must slew to a
new value (see Figure 5). The ratio of the slewing time to the
stable time is a function of the bandwidth of the graphics DAC
and the bandwidth of the transmission system (cable and termination). It is also a function of the overall pixel rate. Clearly, if the
dynamic characteristics of the system remain fixed, the slewing
and settling times are likewise fixed. This time must be subtracted from the total pixel period, leaving the stable period. At
higher pixel frequencies, the total cycle time is shorter, and the
stable pixel time becomes shorter as well.
PIXEL CLOCK
INVALID SAMPLE TIMES
Considerable care has been taken in the design of the AD9887A’s
clock generation circuit to minimize jitter. As indicated in
Figure 6, the clock jitter of the AD9887A is less than 6% of the
total pixel time in all operating modes, making the reduction in
the valid sampling time due to jitter negligible.
The PLL characteristics are determined by the loop filter design,
by the PLL charge pump current, and by the VCO range setting.
The loop filter design is illustrated in Figure 7. Recommended
settings of VCO range and charge pump current for VESA
standard display modes are listed in Table VII.
PVD
CZ 0.039␮F
CP 0.0039␮F
RZ 3.3k⍀
FILT
Figure 7. PLL Loop Filter Detail
Four programmable registers are provided to optimize the performance of the PLL. These registers are:
1. The 12-Bit Divisor Register. The input Hsync frequencies
range from 15 kHz to 110 kHz. The PLL multiplies the frequency
of the Hsync signal, producing pixel clock frequencies in the
range of 12 MHz to 170 MHz. The Divisor register controls
the exact multiplication factor. This register may be set to
any value between 221 and 4095. (The divide ratio that is
actually used is the programmed divide ratio plus one.)
2. The 2-Bit VCO Range Register. To lower the sensitivity of the
output frequency to noise on the control signal, the VCO operating frequency range is divided into four overlapping regions. The
VCO range register sets this operating range. Because there
are only three possible regions, only the two least-significant
bits of the VCO range register are used. The frequency ranges
for the lowest and highest regions are shown in Table V.
Table V. VCO Frequency Ranges
Figure 5. Pixel Sampling Times
6
5
JITTER (%)
4
PV1
PV0
Pixel Clock
Range (MHz)
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
12–37
37–74
74–140
140–170
3. The 3-Bit Charge Pump Current Register. This register allows
the current that drives the low pass loop filter to be varied.
The possible current values are listed in Table VI.
3
2
Table VI. Charge Pump Current/Control Bits
176.0
162.0
158.0
135.0
94.5
108.0
85.5
75.0
78.7
65.0
56.2
40.0
50.0
36.0
25.1
0
31.5
1
PIXEL CLOCK (MHz)
Figure 6. Pixel Clock Jitter vs. Frequency
Any jitter in the clock reduces the precision with which the
sampling time can be determined, and must also be subtracted
from the stable pixel time.
REV. 0
–17–
Ip2
Ip1
Ip0
Current (␮A)
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
50
100
150
250
350
500
750
1500
AD9887A
4. The 5-Bit Phase Adjust Register. The phase of the generated
sampling clock may be shifted to locate an optimum sampling
point within a clock cycle. The Phase Adjust register provides
32 phase-shift steps of 11.25° each. The Hsync signal with
an identical phase shift is available through the HSOUT pin.
Phase adjustment is still available if the pixel clock is being
provided externally.
The COAST allows the PLL to continue to run at the same
frequency, in the absence of the incoming Hsync signal. This
may be used during the vertical sync period, or any other
time that the Hsync signal is unavailable. The polarity of the
COAST signal may be set through the Coast Polarity Bit.
Also, the polarity of the Hsync signal may be set through the
HSYNC Polarity Bit. If not using automatic polarity detection,
the HSYNC and COAST polarity bits should be set to match
the Polarity of their respective signals.
Table VII. Recommended VCO Range and Charge Pump Current Settings for Standard Display Formats
Refresh
Rate (Hz)
Horizontal
Frequency
(kHz)
Pixel Rate
(MHz)
VCORNGE
CURRENT
Standard
Resolution
VGA
640 × 480
60
72
75
85
31.5
37.7
37.5
43.3
25.175
31.500
31.500
36.000
00
00
00
00
011
100
100
101
SVGA
800 × 600
56
60
72
75
85
35.1
37.9
48.1
46.9
53.7
36.000
40.000
50.000
49.500
56.250
00
01
01
01
01
101
011
011
011
100
XGA
1024 × 768
60
70
75
80
85
48.4
56.5
60.0
64.0
68.3
65.000
75.000
78.750
85.500
94.500
01
10
10
10
10
101
011
011
011
100
SXGA
1280 × 1024
60
75
85
64.0
80.0
91.1
108.000
135.000
157.500
10
10
11
100
101
101
UXGA
1600 × 1200
60
75.0
162.000
10
101
GAIN
8
DAC
DAC
REF
x1.2
CLAMP
ADC
8
VOFF
(128 CODES)
INPUT RANGE
IN
OFFSET
RANGE
0.5V
VOFF
(128 CODES)
INPUT RANGE
OFFSET
7
OFFSET RANGE
1V
VOFF
0V
Figure 8. ADC Block Diagram (Single-Channel Output)
0V
Figure 9. Relationship of Offset Range to Input Range
–18–
REV. 0
AD9887A
SCANCLK
SCANIN
BIT 1
RED A<7>
BIT 2
BIT 48
X
BIT 1
BIT 2
BIT 3
BIT 46
BIT 47
BIT 48
X
X
X
X
X
X
BIT 1
BIT 2
BLUE B<0>
SCANOUT
BIT 47
BIT 3
X
X
X
X
X
BIT 1
BIT 2
Figure 10. SCAN Timing
SCAN Function
O
E
O
E
O
E
O
E
O
E
O
E
The SCAN function is intended as a pseudo JTAG function for
manufacturing test of the board. The ordinary operation of the
AD9887A is disabled during SCAN.
O
E
O
E
O
E
O
E
O
E
O
E
O
E
O
E
O
E
O
E
O
E
O
E
O
E
O
E
O
E
O
E
O
E
O
E
O
E
O
E
O
E
O
E
O
E
O
E
O
E
O
E
O
E
O
E
O
E
O
E
O
E
O
E
O
E
O
E
O
E
O
E
O
E
O
E
O
E
O
E
O
E
O
E
O
E
O
E
O
E
O
E
O
E
O
E
O
E
O
E
O
E
O
E
O
E
O
E
O
E
O
E
O
E
O
E
O
E
O
E
To enable the SCAN function, set Register 14h, Bit 2 to 1. To
SCAN in data to all 48 digital outputs, apply 48 serial bits of
data and 48 clocks (typically 5 MHz, max of 20 MHz) to the
SCANIN and SCANCLK pins, respectively. The data is shifted in
on the rising edge of SCANCLK. The first serial bit shifted in
will appear at the RED A<7> output after one clock cycle. After
48 clocks, the first bit is shifted all the way to the BLUE B<0>.
The 48th bit will now be at the RED A<7> output. If SCANCLK
continues after 48 cycles, the data will continue to be shifted
from RED A<7> to BLUE B<0> and will come out of the
SCANOUT pin as serial data on the falling edge of SCANCLK.
This is illustrated in Figure 10. A setup time (tSU) of 3 ns should
be plenty and no hold time (tHOLD) is required (≥ 0 ns). This is
illustrated in Figure 11.
Figure 12. Odd and Even Pixels in a Frame
SCANCLK
SCANIN
O1
O1
O1
O1
O1
O1
O1
O1
O1
O1
O1
O1
O1
O1
O1
O1
O1
O1
O1
O1
O1
O1
O1
O1
O1
O1
O1
O1
O1
O1
O1
O1
O1
O1
O1
O1
O1
O1
O1
O1
O1
O1
O1
O1
O1
O1
O1
O1
O1
O1
O1
O1
O1
O1
O1
O1
O1
O1
O1
O1
O1
O1
O1
O1
O1
O1
Figure 13. Odd Pixels from Frame 1
tSU = 3ns
t HOLD = 0ns
E2
E2
E2
E2
E2
E2
E2
E2
E2
E2
E2
E2
E2
E2
E2
E2
E2
E2
E2
E2
E2
E2
E2
E2
Alternate Pixel Sampling Mode
E2
E2
E2
E2
E2
E2
A Logic 1 input on Clock Invert (CKINV, Pin 94) inverts the
nominal ADC clock. CKINV can be switched between frames
to implement the alternate pixel sampling mode. This allows
higher effective image resolution to be achieved at lower pixel
rates but with lower frame rates.
E2
E2
E2
E2
E2
E2
E2
E2
E2
E2
E2
E2
E2
E2
E2
E2
E2
E2
E2
E2
E2
E2
E2
E2
E2
E2
E2
E2
E2
E2
Figure 11. SCAN Setup and Hold
Figure 14. Even Pixels from Frame 2
On one frame, only even pixels are digitized. On the subsequent
frame, odd pixels are sampled. By reconstructing the entire
frame in the graphics controller, a complete image can be reconstructed. This is very similar to the interlacing process that is
employed in broadcast television systems, but the interlacing is
vertical instead of horizontal. The frame data is still presented
to the display at the full desired refresh rate (usually 60 Hz) so
no flicker artifacts are added.
O1E2O1E2O1E2O1E2O1E2O1E2
O1E2O1E2O1E2O1E2O1E2O1E2
O1E2O1E2O1E2O1E2O1E2O1E2
O1E2O1E2O1E2O1E2O1E2O1E2
O1E2O1E2O1E2O1E2O1E2O1E2
O1E2O1E2O1E2O1E2O1E2O1E2
O1E2O1E2O1E2O1E2O1E2O1E2
O1E2O1E2O1E2O1E2O1E2O1E2
O1E2O1E2O1E2O1E2O1E2O1E2
O1E2O1E2O1E2O1E2O1E2O1E2
O1E2O1E2O1E2O1E2O1E2O1E2
Figure 15. Combine Frame Output from Graphics Controller
REV. 0
–19–
AD9887A
The Hsync input is used as a reference to generate the pixel
sampling clock. The sampling phase can be adjusted, with respect
to Hsync, through a full 360° in 32 steps via the Phase Adjust register (to optimize the pixel sampling time). Display systems use
Hsync to align memory and display write cycles, so it is important to have a stable timing relationship between Hsync output
(HSOUT) and data clock (DATACK).
O3E2O3E2O3E2O3E2O3E2O3E2
O3E2O3E2O3E2O3E2O3E2O3E2
O3E2O3E2O3E2O3E2O3E2O3E2
O3E2O3E2O3E2O3E2O3E2O3E2
O3E2O3E2O3E2O3E2O3E2O3E2
O3E2O3E2O3E2O3E2O3E2O3E2
O3E2O3E2O3E2O3E2O3E2O3E2
O3E2O3E2O3E2O3E2O3E2O3E2
O3E2O3E2O3E2O3E2O3E2O3E2
O3E2O3E2O3E2O3E2O3E2O3E2
O3E2O3E2O3E2O3E2O3E2O3E2
Figure 16. Subsequent Frame from Controller
Timing (Analog Interface)
The following timing diagrams show the operation of the
AD9887A analog interface in all clock modes. The part establishes
timing by having the sample that corresponds to the pixel digitized
when the leading edge of HSYNC occurs sent to the “A” data
port. In Dual-Channel Mode, the next sample is sent to the “B”
port. Future samples are alternated between the “A” and “B” data
ports. In Single-Channel Mode, data is only sent to the “A” data
port, and the “B” port is placed in a high impedance state.
The Output Data Clock signal is created so that its rising edge
always occurs between “A” data transitions, and can be used to
latch the output data externally.
PXLCLK
ANY OUTPUT
SIGNAL
DATA OUT
DATACK
(OUTPUT)
tSKEW
tDCYCLE
tPER
Figure 17. Analog Output Timing
Hsync Timing
Horizontal sync is processed in the AD9887A to eliminate
ambiguity in the timing of the leading edge with respect to the
phase-delayed pixel clock and data.
Three things happen to Horizontal Sync in the AD9887A. First,
the polarity of Hsync input is determined and will thus have a
known output polarity. The known output polarity can be programmed either active high or active low (Register 04H, Bit 4).
Second, HSOUT is aligned with DATACK and data outputs.
Third, the duration of HSOUT (in pixel clocks) is set via Register
07H. HSOUT is the sync signal that should be used to drive the
rest of the display system.
Coast Timing
In most computer systems, the Hsync signal is provided continuously on a dedicated wire. In these systems, the COAST
input and function are unnecessary, and should not be used.
In some systems, however, Hsync is disturbed during the Vertical
Sync period (Vsync). In some cases, Hsync pulses disappear. In
other systems, such as those that employ Composite Sync (Csync)
signals or embed Sync-On-Green (SOG), Hsync includes equalization pulses or other distortions during Vsync. To avoid upsetting
the clock generator during Vsync, it is important to ignore these
distortions. If the pixel clock PLL sees extraneous pulses, it will
attempt to lock to this new frequency, and will have changed
frequency by the end of the Vsync period. It will then take a few
lines of correct Hsync timing to recover at the beginning of a new
frame, resulting in a “tearing” of the image at the top of the display.
The COAST input is provided to eliminate this problem. It is
an asynchronous input that disables the PLL input and allows
the clock to free-run at its then-current frequency. The PLL can
free-run for several lines without significant frequency drift.
Coast can be provided by the graphics controller or it can be
internally generated by the AD9887A sync processing engine.
–20–
REV. 0
AD9887A
RGBIN
P0
P1
P2
P3
P4
P5
P6
P7
HSYNC
PxCK
HS
7-PIPE DELAY
ADCCK
DATACK
D1
DOUTA
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
HSOUT
Figure 18. Single-Channel Mode (Analog Interface)
RGBIN
P0 P1 P2 P3 P4 P5 P6 P7
HSYNC
PxCK
HS
7-PIPE DELAY
ADCCK
DATACK
DOUTA
D0
D2
D4
HSOUT
Figure 19. Single-Channel Mode, Alternate Pixel Sampling (Even Pixels) (Analog Interface)
RGBIN
P0 P1 P2 P3 P4 P5 P6 P7
HSYNC
PxCK
HS
7-PIPE DELAY
ADCCK
DATACK
DOUTA
D1
D3
D5
D7
HSOUT
Figure 20. Single-Channel Mode, Alternate Pixel Sampling (Odd Pixels) (Analog Interface)
REV. 0
–21–
AD9887A
RGBIN
P0
P1
P2
P3
P4
P5
P6
P7
HSYNC
PxCK
HS
7-PIPE DELAY
ADCCK
DATACK
DOUTA
D0
DOUTB
D2
D1
D4
D3
D5
HSOUT
Figure 21. Dual-Channel Mode, Interleaved Outputs (Analog Interface), Outphase = 0
RGBIN
P0
P1
P2
P3
P4
P5
P6
P7
HSYNC
PxCK
HS
8-PIPE DELAY
ADCCK
DATACK
DOUTA
D0
D2
D4
DOUTB
D1
D3
D5
HSOUT
Figure 22. Dual-Channel Mode, Parallel Outputs (Analog Interface), Outphase = 0
RGBIN
P0 P1 P2 P3 P4 P5 P6 P7
HSYNC
PxCK
HS
7-PIPE DELAY
ADCCK
DATACK
DOUTA
D4
D0
DOUTB
D2
D6
HSOUT
Figure 23. Dual-Channel Mode, Interleaved Outputs, Alternate Pixel Sampling (Even Pixels)
(Analog Interface), Outphase = 0
–22–
REV. 0
AD9887A
RGBIN
P0 P1 P2 P3 P4 P5 P6 P7
HSYNC
PxCK
HS
8-PIPE DELAY
ADCCK
DATACK
D1
DOUTA
D5
D3
DOUTB
D7
HSOUT
Figure 24. Dual-Channel Mode, Interleaved Outputs, Alternate Pixel Sampling (Odd Pixels)
(Analog Interface), Outphase = 0
RGBIN
P0 P1 P2 P3 P4 P5 P6 P7
HSYNC
PxCK
HS
7-PIPE DELAY
ADCCK
DATACK
DOUTA
D0
D4
DOUTB
D2
D6
HSOUT
Figure 25. Dual-Channel Mode, Parallel Outputs, Alternate Pixel Sampling (Even Pixels)
(Analog Interface), Outphase = 0
RGBIN
P0 P1 P2 P3 P4 P5 P6 P7
HSYNC
PxCK
HS
8.5-PIPE DELAY
ADCCK
DATACK
DOUTA
D1
D5
DOUTB
D3
D7
HSOUT
Figure 26. Dual-Channel Mode, Parallel Outputs, Alternate Pixel Sampling (Odd Pixels)
(Analog Interface), Outphase = 0
REV. 0
–23–
AD9887A
RGBIN
P0
P1
P2
P3
P4
P5
P6
P7
HSYNC
PXCK
HS
7-PIPE DELAY
ADCCK
DATACK
GOUTA
Y0
Y1
Y2
Y3
Y4
Y5
ROUTA
U0
V0
U2
V2
U4
V4
HSOUT
Figure 27. 4:2:2 Output Mode
Table VIII. Digital Interface Pin List
Pin
Type
Pin
Digital Video Data Inputs
Rx0+
Rx0–
Rx1+
Rx1–
Rx2+
Rx2–
RxC+
RxC–
RTERM
Digital Video Clock Inputs
Termination Control
Outputs
HDCP
Power Supply
Mnemonic
Pin
Function
Value
Digital Input Channel 0 True
Digital Input Channel 0 Complement
Digital Input Channel 1 True
Digital Input Channel 1 Complement
Digital Input Channel 2 True
Digital Input Channel Twos Complement
Digital Data Clock True
Digital Data Clock Complement
Control Pin for Setting the Internal
Termination Resistance
DE
Data Enable
HSOUT
HSYNC Output
VSOUT
VSYNC Output
CTL0, CTL1, Decoded Control Bit Outputs
CTL2
DDCSCL
HDCP Slave Serial Port Data Clock
DDCSDA
HDCP Slave Serial Port Data I/O
MCL
HDCP Master Serial Port Data Clock
MDA
HDCP Master Serial Port Data I/O
Main Power Supply
VD
PLL Power Supply
PVD
VDD
Output Power Supply
GND
Ground Supply
GND
Ground Supply
–24–
Number
62
63
59
60
56
57
65
66
53
3.3 V CMOS
3.3 V CMOS
3.3 V CMOS
3.3 V CMOS
137
139
138
46–48
3.3 V CMOS
3.3 V CMOS
3.3 V CMOS
3.3 V CMOS
3.3 V ± 5%
3.3 V ± 5%
3.3 V or 2.5 V ± 5%
0V
0V
73
72
49
71
REV. 0
AD9887A
Power Supply
DIGITAL INTERFACE PIN DESCRIPTIONS
Digital Video Data Inputs
Rx0+
Rx0–
Rx1+
Rx1–
Rx2+
Rx2–
Positive Differential Input Data (Channel 0)
Negative Differential Input Data (Channel 0)
Positive Differential Input Data (Channel 1)
Negative Differential Input Data (Channel 1)
Positive Differential Input Data (Channel 2)
Negative Differential Input Data (Channel 2)
PLL Power Supply
THEORY OF OPERATION (DIGITAL INTERFACE)
Capturing of the Encoded Data
The first step in recovering the encoded data is to capture the
raw data. To accomplish this, the AD9887A employs a high
speed phase-locked loop (PLL) to generate clocks capable of
oversampling the data at the correct frequencies. The data capture circuitry continuously monitors the incoming data during
horizontal and vertical blanking times (when DE is low) and
independently selects the best sampling phase for each data
channel. The phase information is stored and used until the
next blanking period (one video line).
Positive Differential Input Clock
Negative Differential Input Clock
Termination Control
Internal Termination Set Pin
Data Frames
This pin is used to set the termination resistance
for all of the digital interface high speed inputs. To
set, place a resistor of value equal to 10× the desired
input termination resistance between this pin (Pin 53)
and ground supply. Typically, the value of this
resistor should be 500 Ω.
The digital interface data is captured in groups of 10 bits each,
called a data frame. During the active data period, each frame is
made up of the nine encoded video data bits and one dc balancing bit. The data capture block receives this data serially but
outputs each frame in parallel 10-bit words.
Special Characters
Outputs
Data Enable Output
This pin outputs the state of data enable (DE).
The AD9887A decodes DE from the incoming
stream of data. The DE signal will be HIGH during
active video and will be LOW while there is no
active video.
DDCSCL
HDCP Slave Serial Port Data Clock
For use in communicating with the HDCP enabled
DVI transmitter.
DDCSDA
HDCP Slave Serial Port Data I/O
For use in communicating with the HDCP enabled
DVI transmitter.
MCL
HDCP Master Serial Port Data Clock
Connects the EEPROM for reading the encrypted
HDCP keys.
MDA
HDCP Slave Serial Port Data I/O
Connects the EEPROM for reading the encrypted
HDCP keys.
CTL
Digital Control Outputs
During periods of horizontal or vertical blanking time (when
DE is low), the digital transmitter will transmit special characters.
The AD9887A will receive these characters and use them to set the
video frame boundaries and the phase recovery loop for each
channel. There are four special characters that can be received.
They are used to identify the top, bottom, left side, and right side
of each video frame. The data receiver can differentiate these
special characters from active data because the special characters
have a different number of transitions per data frame.
Channel Resynchronization
The purpose of the channel resynchronization block is to resynchronize the three data channels to a single internal data clock.
Coming into this block, all three data channels can be on different
phases of the three times oversampling PLL clock (0°, 120°, and
240°). This block can resynchronize the channels from a worstcase skew of one full input period (8.93 ns at 170 MHz).
Data Decoder
The data decoder receives frames of data and sync signals from
the data capture block (in 10-bit parallel words) and decodes them
into groups of eight RGB/YUV bits, two control bits, and a data
enable bit (DE).
These pins output the control signals for the Red
and Green channels. CTL0 and CTL1 correspond
to the Red channel’s input, while CTL2 and
CTL3 correspond to the Green channel’s input.
REV. 0
Outputs Power Supply
The power for the data and clock outputs. It can
run at 3.3 V or 2.5 V.
These two pins receive the differential, low voltage
swing input pixel clock from a digital graphics
transmitter.
DE
PVD
VDD
Digital Clock Inputs
RTERM
Main Power Supply
It should be as quiet and as filtered as possible.
It should be as quiet and as filtered as possible.
These six pins receive three pairs of differential,
low voltage swing input pixel data from a digital
graphics transmitter.
RxC+
RxC–
VD
–25–
AD9887A
three-stated before attempting to program the EEPROM using an
external master. The keys will be stored in an I2C® compatible
3.3 V serial EEPROM of at least 512 bytes in size. The EEPROM
should have a device address of A0H.
HDCP
The AD9887A contains all the circuitry necessary for decryption
of a high bandwidth digital content protection encoded DVI
video stream. A typical HDCP implementation is shown in
Figure 28. Several features of the AD9887A make this possible
and add functionality to ease the implementation of HDCP.
Proprietary software licensed from Analog Devices encrypts the
keys and creates properly formatted EEPROM images for use in
a production environment. Encrypting the keys helps maintain
the confidentiality of the HDCP keys as required by the HDCP
v1.0 specification. The AD9887A includes hardware for decrypting
the keys in the external EEPROM.
The basic components of HDCP are included in the AD9887A.
A slave serial bus connects to the DDC clock and DDC data pins
on the DVI connector to allow the HDCP enabled DVI transmitter to coordinate the HDCP algorithm with the AD9887A.
A second serial port (MDA/MCL) allows the AD9887A to read
the HDCP keys and key selection vector (KSV) stored in an
external serial EEPROM. When transmitting encrypted video,
the DVI transmitter enables HDCP through the DDC port.
The AD9887A then decodes the DVI stream using information
provided by the transmitter, HDCP keys, and KSV.
ADI will provide a royalty free license for the proprietary software
needed by customers to encrypt the keys between the AD9887A
and the EEPROM only after customers provide evidence of a
completed HDCP Adopter’s license agreement and sign ADI’s
software license agreement. The Adopter’s license agreement is
maintained by Digital Content Protection, LLC, and can be
downloaded from www.digital-cp.com. To obtain ADI’s software
license agreement, contact the Display Electronics Product Line
directly by sending an email to [email protected].
The AD9887A allows the MDA and MCL pins to be three-stated
using the MDA/MCL three-state bit (Register 1B, Bit 7) in the
configuration registers. The three-state feature allows the EEPROM
to be programmed in-circuit. The MDA/MCL port must be
3.3V
DVI
CONNECTOR
3.3V
5k⍀ PULL-UP
RESISTORS
5k⍀ PULL-UP
RESISTORS
DDCSCL
DDC CLOCK
MCL
SCL
MDA
SDA
AD9887A
DDC DATA
D
DDCSDA
S
3.3V
EEPROM
150⍀ SERIES
RESISTORS
Figure 28. HDCP Implementation Using the AD9887A
Purchase of licensed I 2C components of Analog Devices or one of its sublicensed Associated Companies conveys a license for the purchaser under the Philips I 2C Patent
Rights to use these components in an I 2C system, provided that the system conforms to the to the I 2C Standard Specification as defined by Philips.
–26–
REV. 0
AD9887A
GENERAL TIMING DIAGRAMS (DIGITAL INTERFACE)
TIMING MODE DIAGRAMS (DIGITAL INTERFACE)
80%
80%
INTERNAL
ODCLK
tST
20%
20%
DLHT
DATACK
DLHT
DE
Figure 29. Digital Output Rise and Fall Time
QE[23:0]
FIRST
PIXEL
SECOND
PIXEL
THIRD
PIXEL
FOURTH
PIXEL
TCIP, RCIP
QO[23:0]
TCIH, RCIH
Figure 33. 1 Pixel per Clock (DATACK Inverted)
TCIL, RCIL
INTERNAL
ODCLK
tST
Figure 30. Clock Cycle/High/Low Times
DATACK
DE
Rx0
VDIFF = 0V
QE[23:0]
FIRST
PIXEL
SECOND
PIXEL
THIRD
PIXEL
FOURTH
PIXEL
Rx1
tCCS
QO[23:0]
VDIFF = 0V
Figure 34. 1 Pixels per Clock (DATACK Not Inverted)
Rx2
Figure 31. Channel-to-Channel Skew Timing
INTERNAL
ODCLK
tST
DATACK
(INTERNAL)
DATACK
DATA OUT
DE
DATACK
(PIN)
QE[23:0]
tSKEW
Figure 32. DVI Output Timing
QO[23:0]
FIRST PIXEL
THIRD PIXEL
SECOND PIXEL
FOURTH PIXEL
Figure 35. 2 Pixels per Clock
INTERNAL
ODCLK
tST
DATACK
DE
QE[23:0]
QO[23:0]
FIRST PIXEL
THIRD PIXEL
SECOND PIXEL
FOURTH PIXEL
Figure 36. 2 Pixels per Clock (DATACK Inverted)
REV. 0
–27–
AD9887A
2-Wire Serial Register Map
The AD9887A is initialized and controlled by a set of registers, which determine the operating modes. An external controller is
employed to write and read the Control Registers through the 2-line serial interface port.
Table IX. Control Register Map
Hex
Address
Read and
Write or
Read Only
Bits
00H
RO
7:0
01H
R/W
7:0
02H
R/W
03H
R/W
Default
Value
Register
Name
Function
Chip Revision
Bits 7 through 4 represent functional revisions to the analog interface.
Bits 3 through 0 represent nonfunctional related revisions.
Revision 0 = 0000 0000.
01101001
PLL Div MSB
This register is for Bits [11:4] of the PLL divider. Larger values mean
the PLL operates at a faster rate. This register should be loaded first
whenever a change is needed. (This will give the PLL more time to
lock.) See Note 1.
7:4
1101****
PLL Div LSB
Bits [7:4] LSBs of the PLL divider word. Links to the PLL Div MSB
to make a 12-Bit register. See Note 1.
7:2
1*******
*01*****
VCO/CPMP
Bit 7—Must be set to 1 for proper device operation.
Bits [6:5] VCO Range. Selects VCO frequency range. (See PLL
description.)
Bits [4:2] Charge Pump Current. Varies the current that drives the
low-pass filter. (See PLL description.)
***001**
04H
R/W
7:3
10000***
Phase Adjust
ADC Clock phase adjustment. Larger values mean more delay.
(1 LSB = T/32)
05H
R/W
7:0
10000000
Clamp
Placement
Places the Clamp signal an integer number of clock periods after
the trailing edge of the Hsync signal.
06H
R/W
7:0
10000000
Clamp
Duration
Number of clock periods that the Clamp signal is actively clamping.
07H
R/W
7:0
00100000
Hsync Output
Pulsewidth
Sets the number of pixel clocks that HSOUT will remain active.
08H
R/W
7:0
10000000
Red Gain
Controls ADC input range (Contrast) of each respective channel.
Bigger values give less contrast.
09H
R/W
7:0
10000000
Green Gain
0AH
R/W
7:0
10000000
Blue Gain
0BH
R/W
7:1
1000000*
Red Offset
0CH
R/W
7:1
1000000*
Green Offset
0DH
R/W
7:1
1000000*
Blue Offset
0EH
R/W
7:3
1*******
Mode
Control 1
*1******
**0*****
***0****
****0***
Controls dc offset (Brightness) of each respective channel. Bigger
values decrease brightness.
Bit 7—Channel Mode. Determines Single Channel or Dual Channel
Output Mode. (Logic 0 = Single Channel Mode, Logic 1 = Dual
Channel Mode.)
Bit 6—Output Mode. Determine Interleaved or Parallel Output Mode.
(Logic 0 = Interleaved Mode, Logic 1 = Parallel Mode.)
Bit 5—OUTPHASE. Determines which port outputs the first data
byte after Hsync. (Logic 0 = B Port, Logic 1 = A Port.)
Bit 4—Hsync Output polarity. (Logic 0 = Logic High Sync,
Logic 1 = Logic Low Sync.)
Bit 3—Vsync Output Invert. (Logic 0 = Invert, Logic 1 = No Invert.)
–28–
REV. 0
AD9887A
Table IX. Control Register Map (continued)
Hex
Address
Read and
Write or
Read Only
Bits
Default
Value
Register
Name
0FH
R/W
7:0
1*******
PLL and
Bit 7—HSYNC Polarity. Indicates the polarity of incoming HSYNC
Clamp Control signal to the PLL. (Logic 0 = Active Low, Logic 1 = Active High.)
Bit 6—Coast Polarity. Changes polarity of external COAST signal.
(Logic 0 = Active Low, Logic 1 = Active High.)
Bit 5—Clamp Function. Chooses between HSYNC for CLAMP
signal or another external signal to be used for clamping.
(Logic 0 = HSYNC, Logic 1 = Clamp.)
Bit 4—Clamp Polarity. Valid only with external CLAMP signal.
(Logic 0 = Active Low, Logic 1 selects Active High.)
Bit 3—EXTCLK. Shuts down the PLL and allows the use of an
external clock to drive the part. (Logic 0 = use internal PLL,
Logic 1 = bypassing of the internal PLL.)
Bit 2—Red Clamp Select—Logic 0 selects clamp to ground. Logic 1
selects clamp to midscale (voltage at Pin 120).
Bit 1—Green Clamp Select—Logic 0 selects clamp to ground.
Logic 1 selects clamp to midscale (voltage at Pin 111).
Bit 0—Blue Clamp Select—Logic 0 selects clamp to ground. Logic 1
selects clamp to midscale (voltage at Pin 101).
*1******
**0*****
***1****
****0***
*****0**
******0*
*******0
10H
R/W
7:2
0*******
*0******
**11****
****0***
*****1**
11H
RO
7:1
1*** ****
*1** ****
**1* ****
***1 ****
**** 1***
**** *1**
**** **1*
REV. 0
Mode
Control 2
Function
Bit 7—Clk Inv: Data clock output invert. (Logic 0 = Not Inverted,
Logic 1 = Inverted.) (Digital Interface Only.)
Bit 6—Pix Select: Selects either 1 or 2 pixels per clock mode.
(Logic 0 = 1 pixel/clock, Logic 1 = 2 pixels/clock.) (Digital Interface
Only.)
Bit 5, 4—Output Drive: Selects between high, medium, and low
output drive strength. (Logic 11 or 10 = High, 01 = Medium, and
00 = Low.)
Bit 3—PDO: High Impedance Outputs. (Logic 0 = Normal, Logic
1 = High Impedance.)
Bit 2—Sync Detect (SyncDT) Polarity. This bit sets the polarity
for the SyncDT output pin. (Logic 1 = Active High,
Logic 0 = Active Low.)
Sync Detect/
Bit 7—Analog Interface Hsync Detect. It is set to Logic 1 if Hsync
Active Interface is present on the analog interface; otherwise it is set to Logic 0.
Bit 6—Analog Interface Sync-on-Green Detect. It is set to Logic 1
if sync is present on the green video input; otherwise it is set to 0.
Bit 5—Analog Interface Vsync Detect. It is set to Logic 1 if Vsync
is present on the analog interface; otherwise it is set to Logic 0.
Bit 4—Digital Interface Clock Detect. It is set to Logic 1 if the
clock is present on the digital interface; otherwise it is set to Logic 0.
Bit 3—AI: Active Interface. This bit indicates which interface is
active. (Logic 0 = Analog Interface, Logic 1 = Digital Interface.)
Bit 2—AHS: Active Hsync. This bit indicates which analog HSYNC
is being used. (Logic 0 = HSYNC Input Pin, Logic 1 = HSYNC
from Sync-on-Green.)
Bit 1—AVS: Active Vsync. This bit indicates which analog VSYNC
from sync separator.)
–29–
AD9887A
Table IX. Control Register Map (continued)
Hex
Address
Read and
Write or
Read Only
Bits
Default
Value
Register
Name
12H
R/W
7:0
0*******
Active
Interface
Bit 7—AIO: Active Interface Override. If set to Logic 1, the user
can select the active interface via Bit 6. If set to Logic 0, the active
interface is selected via Bit 3 in Register 11H.
Bit 6—AIS: Active Interface Select. Logic 0 selects the analog interface as active. Logic 1 selects the digital interface as active. Note:
The indicated interface will be active only if Bit 7 is set to Logic 1
or if both interfaces are active (Bits 6 or 7 and 4 = Logic 1 in
Register 11H.)
Bit 5—Active Hsync Override. If set to Logic 1, the user can select
the Hsync to be used via Bit 4. If set to Logic 0, the active interface
is selected via Bit 2 in Register 11H.
Bit 4—Active Hsync Select. Logic 0 selects Hsync as the active
sync. Logic 1 selects Sync-on-Green as the active sync. Note: The
indicated Hsync will be used only if Bit 5 is set to Logic 1 or if
both syncs are active (Bits 6, 7 = Logic 1 in Register 11H.)
Bit 3—Active Vsync Override. If set to Logic 1, the user can select
the Vsync to be used via Bit 2. If set to Logic 0, the active interface
is selected via Bit 1 in Register 11H.
Bit 2—Active Vsync Select. Logic 0 selects Raw Vsync as the
output Vsync. Logic 1 selects Sync Separated Vsync as the output
Vsync. Note: The indicated Vsync will be used only if Bit 3 is set
to Logic 1.
Bit 1—Coast Select. Logic 0 selects the coast input pin to be used for
the PLL coast. Logic 1 selects Vsync to be used for the PLL coast.
Bit 0—PWRDN. Full Chip Power-Down, active low.
(Logic 0 =Full Chip Power-Down, Logic 1 = Normal.)
Function
*0******
**0*****
***0****
****0***
*****0**
******0*
*******1
13H
R/W
7:0
00100000
Sync Separator
Threshold
Sync Separator Threshold—Sets the number of clocks the sync
separator will count to before toggling high or low. This should be
set to some number greater than the maximum Hsync or equalization
pulsewidth.
14H
R/W
7:0
***1****
****0***
*****0**
******0*
Control Bits
Bit 4—Must be set to 1 for proper operation.
Bit 3—Must be set to 0 for proper operation.
Bit 2—Scan Enable. (Logic 0 = Not Enabled, Logic 1 = Enabled.)
Bit 1—Coast Polarity Override. (Logic 0 = Polarity determined by
chip, Logic 1 = Polarity set by Bit 6 in Register 0Fh.)
Bit 0—Hsync Polarity Override. (Logic 0 = Polarity determined by
chip, Logic 1 = Polarity set by Bit 7 in Register 0Fh.)
Polarity Status
Bit 7—Hsync Input Polarity Status. (Logic 1 = Active High,
Logic 0 = Active Low.)
Bit 6—Vsync Output Polarity Status. (Logic 0 = Active High,
Logic 1 = Active Low.)
Bit 5—Coast Input Polarity Status. (Logic 1 = Active High,
Logic 0 = Active Low.)
*******0
15H
RO
7:5
0*** ****
*0** ****
**0* ****
16H
R/W
7:2
10111***
**** *1**
Control Bits 2
Bits [7:3]—Sync-On-Green Slicer Threshold
Bit 2—Must be set to 0 for proper operation.
17H
R/W
7:0
00000000
Pre-Coast
Sets the number of Hsyncs that coast goes active prior to Vsync.
18H
R/W
7:0
00000000
Post-Coast
Sets the number of Hsyncs that coast goes active following Vsync.
19H
R/W
7:0
00000000
Test Register
Must be set to default for proper operation.
1AH
R/W
7:0
11111111
Test Register
Must be set to 01000001 for proper operation.
–30–
REV. 0
AD9887A
Table IX. Control Register Map (continued)
Hex
Address
Read and
Write or
Read Only
Bits
Default
Value
Register
Name
Function
1BH
R/W
7:0
00000000
Test Register
Must be set to 0001 0000 for proper operation.
1CH
R/W
7:0
00000***
*****1**
******1*
*******1
Test Register
Bits [7:3]—Must be set to 00000*** for proper operation.
Bit 2—CbCr output order.
Bit 1—Must be set to 0 for standard input sampling.
Bit 0—Output Format Mode Select.
Logic 1 = 4:4:4 mode.
Logic 0 = 4:2:2 mode.
4:2:2 Control
1DH
RO
7:0
*_*****
Logic 1 = HDCP keys detected.
1EH
R/W
7:0
11111111
Must set to FFH for proper operation.
1FH
R/W
7:0
10000100
Must set to 84H for proper operation.
20H
R/W
7:0
0*******
*0******
**0*****
***0****
****1***
*****0**
HDCP A0; 0->Address = 0x74.
Ctrl3 Mux; Pin49 = Ctrl3.
Analog Input Bandwidth Control; 0 = High.
MDA MCL Tristate; 0 = tristate, 1 = HDCP mode.
Oscillator Source; 1 = internal, 0 = Use clk on A0.
Normal operation.
21H
R/W
7:0
00000000
Must be set to default.
22H
R/W
7:0
00000000
Must be set to default.
23H
R/W
7:0
00000000
Should be set to 2AH for proper operation.
24H
R/W
7:0
00000000
Must be set to default.
25H
R/W
7:0
11110000
Set to default.
26H
R/W
7:0
11111111
Set to default.
NOTE
1
The AD9887A only updates the PLL divide ratio when the LSBs are written to (Register 02H).
REV. 0
–31–
AD9887A
The PLL gives the best jitter performance at high frequencies. For this reason, in order to output low pixel rates and
still get good jitter performance, the PLL actually operates
at a higher frequency but then divides down the clock rate
afterwards. Table X shows the pixel rates for each VCO
range setting. The PLL output divisor is automatically
selected with the VCO range setting.
2-WIRE SERIAL CONTROL REGISTER DETAIL
CHIP IDENTIFICATION
00
7–0 Chip Revision
Bits 7 through 4 represent functional revisions to the analog
interface. Changes in these bits will generally indicate that
software and/or hardware changes will be required for the
chip to work properly. Bits 3 through 0 represent nonfunctional related revisions and are reset to 0000 whenever the
MSBs are changed. Changes in these bits are considered
transparent to the user.
Table X. VCO Ranges
PLL DIVIDER CONTROL
01
7–0 PLL Divide Ratio MSBs
The eight most significant bits of the 12-bit PLL divide ratio
PLLDIV. (The operational divide ratio is PLLDIV + 1.)
The PLL derives a pixel clock from the incoming Hsync
signal. The pixel clock frequency is then divided by an
integer value, such that the output is phase-locked to Hsync.
This PLLDIV value determines the number of pixel times
(pixels plus horizontal blanking overhead) per line. This is
typically 20% to 30% more than the number of active pixels
in the display.
4–2 CURRENT Charge Pump Current
CURRENT
Current (␮A)
000
001
010
011
100
101
110
111
50
100
150
250
350
500
750
1500
See Table VII for the recommended CURRENT settings.
The power-up default value is CURRENT = 001.
04
7–3 Clock Phase Adjust
A 5-bit value that adjusts the sampling phase in 32 steps
across one pixel time. Each step represents an 11.25° shift
in sampling phase.
The power-up default value is 16.
CLAMP TIMING
05
7–0 Clamp Placement
An 8-bit register that sets the position of the internally
generated clamp.
7–4 PLL Divide Ratio LSBs
The four least significant bits of the 12-bit PLL divide ratio
PLLDIV. The operational divide ratio is PLLDIV + 1.
The power-up default value of PLLDIV is 1693
(PLLDIVM = 69H, PLLDIVL = DxH).
The AD9887A updates the full divide ratio only when this
register is written.
CLOCK GENERATOR CONTROL
03
7 TEST Set to One
03
12–37
37–74
74–140
140–170
Table XI. Charge Pump Currents
The power-up default value of PLLDIV is 1693
(PLLDIVM = 69H, PLLDIVL = DxH).
02
00
01
10
11
Three bits that establish the current driving the loop filter
in the clock generator.
VESA has established some standard timing specifications,
which will assist in determining the value for PLLDIV as
a function of horizontal and vertical display resolution
and frame rate (Table VII).
The AD9887A updates the full divide ratio only when the
LSBs are changed. Writing to this register by itself will not
trigger an update.
Pixel Rate Range
The power-up default value is = 01.
03
The 12-bit value of the PLL divider supports divide ratios
from 221 to 4095. The higher the value loaded in this register, the higher the resulting clock frequency with respect
to a fixed Hsync frequency.
However, many computer systems do not conform precisely
to the recommendations, and these numbers should be used
only as a guide. The display system manufacturer should
provide automatic or manual means for optimizing PLLDIV.
An incorrectly set PLLDIV will usually produce one or more
vertical noise bars on the display. The greater the error, the
greater the number of bars produced.
VCORNGE
When EXTCLMP = 0, a clamp signal is generated internally, at a position established by the clamp placement and
for a duration set by the clamp duration. Clamping is
started (Clamp Placement) pixel periods after the trailing
edge of Hsync. The clamp placement may be programmed
to any value between 1 and 255. A value of 0 is not
supported.
The clamp should be placed during a time that the input
signal presents a stable black-level reference, usually the
back porch period between Hsync and the image.
6–5 VCO Range Select
Two bits that establish the operating range of the clock
generator.
When EXTCLMP = 1, this register is ignored.
VCORNGE must be set to correspond with the desired
operating frequency (incoming pixel rate).
–32–
REV. 0
AD9887A
06
0C
7–0 Clamp Duration
0D
When EXTCLMP = 0, a clamp signal is generated internally, at a position established by the clamp placement
and for a duration set by the clamp duration. Clamping is
started (clamp placement) pixel periods after the trailing
edge of Hsync, and continues for (clamp duration) pixel
periods. The clamp duration may be programmed to any
value between 1 and 255. A value of 0 is not supported.
MODE CONTROL 1
0E 7 Channel Mode
A bit that determines whether all pixels are presented to a
single port (A), or alternating pixels are demultiplexed to
Ports A and B.
Table XII. Channel Mode Settings
When EXTCLMP = 1, this register is ignored.
Hsync Pulsewidth
07
7–0 Hsync Output Pulsewidth
The leading edge of the Hsync output is triggered by the
internally generated, phase-adjusted PLL feedback clock.
The AD9887A then counts a number of pixel clocks
equal to the value in this register. This triggers the trailing
edge of the Hsync output, which is also phase-adjusted.
Function
0
1
All Data Goes to Port A
Alternate Pixels Go to Port A and Port B
The power-up default value is 1.
0E
6 Output Mode
A bit that determines whether all pixels are presented to
Port A and Port B simultaneously on every second
DATACK rising edge or alternately on Port A and Port B
on successive DATACK rising edges.
INPUT GAIN
08
7–0 Red Channel Gain Adjust
Table XIII. Output Mode Settings
An 8-bit word that sets the gain of the RED channel.
The AD9887A can accommodate input signals with a
full-scale range of between 0.5 V and 1.5 V p-p. Setting
REDGAIN to 255 corresponds to an input range of 1.0 V.
A REDGAIN of 0 establishes an input range of 0.5 V.
Note that INCREASING REDGAIN results in the picture
having LESS CONTRAST (the input signal uses fewer
of the available converter codes). See Figure 3.
PARALLEL
Function
0
1
Data Is Interleaved
Data Is Simultaneous on Every Other
Data Clock
When in single-port mode (DEMUX = 0), this bit is ignored.
The timing diagrams show the effects of this option.
7–0 Green Channel Gain Adjust
The power-up default value is PARALLEL = 1.
An 8-bit word that sets the gain of the GREEN channel.
See REDGAIN (08).
0E
5 Output Port Phase
One bit that determines whether even pixels or odd pixels
go to Port A.
7–0 Blue Channel Gain Adjust
An 8-bit word that sets the gain of the BLUE channel.
See REDGAIN (08).
Table XIV. Output Port Phase Settings
INPUT OFFSET
0B 7–1 Red Channel Offset Adjust
A 7-bit offset binary word that sets the dc offset of the RED
channel. One LSB of offset adjustment equals approximately one LSB change in the ADC offset. Therefore, the
absolute magnitude of the offset adjustment scales as the
gain of the channel is changed. A nominal setting of 63
results in the channel nominally clamping the back porch
(during the clamping interval) to Code 00. An offset setting
of 127 results in the channel clamping to Code 63 of the
ADC. An offset setting of 0 clamps to Code –63 (off the
bottom of the range). Increasing the value of Red Offset
DECREASES the brightness of the channel.
REV. 0
DEMUX
When DEMUX = 0, Port B outputs are in a high impedance
state. The maximum data rate for single-port mode is
100 MHz. The timing diagrams show the effects of this option.
An 8-bit register that sets the duration of the Hsync
output pulse.
0A
7–1 Blue Channel Offset Adjust
A 7-bit offset binary word that sets the dc offset of the
BLUE channel. See REDOFST (0B).
For the best results, the clamp duration should be set to
include the majority of the black reference signal time that
follows the Hsync signal trailing edge. Insufficient clamping time can produce brightness changes at the top of the
screen, and a slow recovery from large changes in the
Average Picture Level (APL), or brightness.
09
7–1 Green Channel Offset Adjust
A 7-bit offset binary word that sets the dc offset of the
GREEN channel. See REDOFST (0B).
An 8-bit register that sets the duration of the internally
generated clamp.
–33–
OUTPHASE
First Pixel After Hsync
1
0
Port B
Port A
In normal operation (OUTPHASE = 0), when operating
in dual-port output mode (DEMUX = 1), the first sample
after the Hsync leading edge is presented at Port A. Every
subsequent ODD sample appears at Port A. All EVEN
samples go to Port B.
When OUTPHASE = 1, these ports are reversed and the
first sample goes to Port B.
AD9887A
When DEMUX = 0, this bit is ignored as data always
comes out of only Port A.
0E
4 HSYNC Output Polarity
Active LOW means that the clock generator will ignore Hsync
inputs when COAST is LOW, and continue operating at the
same nominal frequency until COAST goes HIGH.
One bit that determines the polarity of the HSYNC output and the SOG output. Table XV shows the effect of
this option. SYNC indicates the logic state of the sync pulse.
Active HIGH means that the clock generator will ignore
Hsync inputs when COAST is HIGH, and continue operating at the same nominal frequency until COAST goes LOW.
Table XV. HSYNC Output Polarity Settings
This function needs to be used along with the COAST
polarity override bit (Register 14, Bit 1).
Setting
SYNC
The power-up default value is CSTPOL = 1.
0
1
Logic 1 (Positive Polarity)
Logic 0 (Negative Polarity)
0F
A bit that determines the source of clamp timing.
The default setting for this register is 1. (This option
works on both the analog and digital interfaces.)
0E
Table XIX. Clamp Input Signal Source Settings
EXTCLMP
Function
One bit that inverts the polarity of the VSYNC output.
Table XVI shows the effect of this option.
0
1
Internally Generated Clamp
Externally Provided Clamp Signal
Table XVI. VSYNC Output Polarity Settings
A 0 enables the clamp timing circuitry controlled by
CLPLACE and CLDUR. The clamp position and duration
is counted from the trailing edge of Hsync.
3 VSYNC Output Invert
Setting
VSYNC Output
0
1
Invert
No Invert
A 1 enables the external CLAMP input pin. The three
channels are clamped when the CLAMP signal is
active. The polarity of CLAMP is determined by the
CLAMPOL bit.
The default setting for this register is 1. (This option
works on both the analog and digital interfaces.)
0F
5 Clamp Input Signal Source
The power-up default value is EXTCLMP = 0.
7 HSYNC Input Polarity
0F
A bit that must be set to indicate the polarity of the HSYNC
signal that is applied to the PLL HSYNC input.
4 CLAMP Input Signal Polarity
A bit that determines the polarity of the externally provided
CLAMP signal.
Table XVII. HSYNC Input Polarity Settings
Table XX. CLAMP Input Signal Polarity Settings
HSPOL
Function
EXTCLMP
Function
0
1
Active LOW
Active HIGH
0
1
Active LOW
Active HIGH
Active LOW is the traditional negative-going Hsync pulse.
All timing is based on the leading edge of Hsync, which is
the FALLING edge. The rising edge has no effect.
A Logic 0 means that the circuit will clamp when CLAMP
is HIGH, and it will pass the signal to the ADC when
CLAMP is LOW.
Active HIGH is inverted from the traditional Hsync, with a
positive-going pulse. This means that timing will be based on
the leading edge of Hsync, which is now the RISING edge.
A Logic 1 means that the circuit will clamp when CLAMP
is LOW, and it will pass the signal to the ADC when
CLAMP is HIGH.
The device will operate if this bit is set incorrectly, but
the internally generated clamp position, as established
by CLPOS, will not be placed as expected, which may
generate clamping errors.
The power-up default value is CLAMPOL = 1.
0F
3 External Clock Select
A bit that determines the source of the pixel clock.
The power-up default value is HSPOL = 1.
0F
Table XXI. External Clock Select Settings
6 COAST Input Polarity
A bit to indicate the polarity of the COAST signal that is
applied to the PLL COAST input.
EXTCLK
Function
0
1
Internally Generated Clock
Externally Provided Clock Signal
Table XVIII. COAST Input Polarity Settings
CSTPOL
Function
0
1
Active LOW
Active HIGH
A Logic 0 enables the internal PLL that generates the
pixel clock from an externally provided Hsync.
–34–
REV. 0
AD9887A
A Logic 1 enables the external CKEXT input pin. In this
mode, the PLL Divide Ratio (PLLDIV) is ignored. The
clock phase adjust (PHASE) is still functional.
out of a single port (even port only), at the full data rate,
or out of two ports (both even and odd ports), at one-half
the full data rate per port. A Logic 0 selects 1 pixel per
clock (even port only). A Logic 1 selects 2 pixels per clock
(both ports). See the Digital Interface Timing Diagrams,
Figures 33 to 36, for a visual representation of this function.
Note: This function operates exactly like the DEMUX
function on the analog interface.
The power-up default value is EXTCLK = 0.
0F
2 Red Clamp Select
A bit that determines whether the red channel is clamped
to ground or to midscale. For RGB video, all three channels
are referenced to ground. For YCbCr (or YUV), the Y
channel is referenced to ground, but the CbCr channels
are referenced to midscale. Clamping to midscale actually
clamps to Pin 118, RCLAMPV.
Table XXVI. Pix Select Settings
Table XXII. Red Clamp Select Settings
Clamp
Function
0
1
Clamp to Ground
Clamp to Midscale (Pin 118)
10
A bit that determines whether the green channel is clamped
to ground or to midscale.
Table XXIII. Green Clamp Select Settings
Function
0
1
Clamp to Ground
Clamp to Midscale (Pin 109)
0 Blue Clamp Select
A bit that determines whether the blue channel is clamped
to ground or to midscale.
Table XXIV. Blue Clamp Select Settings
Clamp
Function
0
1
Clamp to Ground
Clamp to Midscale (Pin 99)
1 Pixel per Clock
2 Pixels per Clock
5, 4 Output Drive
Table XXVII. Output Drive Strength Settings
The default setting for this register is 0.
0F
0
1
These two bits select the drive strength for the high speed
digital outputs (all data output and clock output pins).
Higher drive strength results in faster rise/fall times and in
general makes it easier to capture data. Lower drive strength
results in slower rise/fall times and helps to reduce EMI
and digitally generated power supply noise. The exact
timing specifications for each of these modes are specified
in Table VII.
1 Green Clamp Select
Clamp
Function
The default for this register is 0, 1 pixel per clock.
The default setting for this register is 0.
0F
Pix Select
Bit 5
Bit 4
Result
1
1
0
1
0
X
High Drive Strength
Medium Drive Strength
Low Drive Strength
The default for this register is 11, high drive strength. (This
option works on both the analog and digital interfaces.)
10
3 PDO—Power-Down Outputs
A bit that can put the outputs in a high impedance mode.
This applies only to the 48 data output pins and the two
data clock output pins.
Table XXVIII. Power-Down Output Settings
The default setting for this register is 0.
MODE CONTROL 2
10
7 Clk Inv Data Output Clock Invert
A control bit for the inversion of the output data clocks,
(Pins 134, 135). This function works only for the digital
interface. When not inverted, data is output on the trailing edge of the data clock. See timing diagrams to see
how this affects timing.
Function
0
1
Normal Operation
Three-State
The default for this register is 0. (This option works on
both the analog and digital interfaces.)
10
2 Sync Detect Polarity
This pin controls the polarity of the sync detect output
pin (Pin 136).
Table XXV. Clock Output Invert Settings
Clk Inv
Function
Table XXIX. Sync Detect Polarity Settings
0
1
Not Inverted
Inverted
Polarity
Function
0
1
Activity = Logic 1 Output
Activity = Logic 0 Output
The default for this register is 0, not inverted.
10
CKINV
6 Pix Select
The default for this register is 0. (This option works on
both the analog and digital interfaces.)
This bit selects either 1 or 2 pixels per clock mode for the
digital interface. It determines whether the data comes
REV. 0
–35–
AD9887A
SYNC DETECTION AND CONTROL
11
7 Analog Interface HSYNC Detect
Digital interface detection is determined by Bit 4 in this
register. If both interfaces are detected, the user can determine which has priority via Bit 6 in Register 12H. The user
can override this function via Bit 7 in Register 12H. If the
override bit is set to Logic 1, then this bit will be forced to
whatever the state of Bit 6 in Register 12H is set to.
This bit is used to indicate when activity is detected on
the HSYNC input pin (Pin 82). If HSYNC is held high
or low, activity will not be detected.
Table XXX. HSYNC Detection Results
Detect
Function
0
1
No Activity Detected
Activity Detected
Table XXXIV. Active Interface Results
Bits 7, 6, or 5 Bit 4
(Analog
(Digital
Detection)
Detection) Override
Figure 39 shows where this function is implemented.
11
This bit is used to indicate when sync activity is detected
on the Sync-on-Green input pin (Pin 108).
Table XXXI. Sync-on-Green Detection Results
Detect
Function
0
1
No Activity Detected
Activity Detected
11
5 Analog Interface VSYNC Detect
This bit is used to indicate when activity is detected on
the VSYNC input pin (Pin 81). If VSYNC is held high or
low, activity will not be detected.
Table XXXII. VSYNC Detection Results
Detect
Function
0
1
1
X
1
0
1
X
0
0
0
1
0
1
No Activity Detected
Activity Detected
4 Digital Interface Clock Detect
This bit is used to indicate when activity is detected on
the digital interface clock input.
Table XXXIII. Digital Interface Clock Detection Results
Detect
Function
0
1
No Activity Detected
Activity Detected
Soft
Power-Down
(Seek Mode)
1
0
Bit 6 in 12H
Bit 6 in 12H
2 AHS—Active HSYNC
Table XXXV. Active HSYNC Results
Figure 39 shows where this function is implemented.
Bit 7
(HSYNC
Detect)
Bit 6
(SOG
Detect)
Override
AHS
0
0
1
1
X
0
1
0
1
X
0
0
0
0
1
Bit 4 in 12H
1
0
Bit 4 in 12H
Bit 4 in 12H
AHS = 0 means use the HSYNC pin input for HSYNC.
AHS = 1 means use the SOG pin input for HSYNC.
The override bit is in Register 12H, Bit 5.
11
1 AVS—Active VSYNC
This bit is used to determine which VSYNC should be
used for the analog interface; the VSYNC input or output
from the sync separator. If both VSYNC and composite
SOG are detected, VSYNC will be selected. The user can
override this function via Bit 3 in Register 12H. If the
override bit is set to Logic 1, this bit will be forced to whatever the state of Bit 2 in Register 12H is set to.
The sync processing block diagram shows where this
function is implemented.
11
0
This bit is used to determine which HSYNC should be
used for the analog interface, the HSYNC input or Syncon-Green. It uses Bits 7 and 6 in this register for inputs in
determining which should be active. Similar to the previous
bit, if both HSYNC and SOG are detected, the user can
determine which has priority via Bit 4 in Register 12H. The
user can override this function via Bit 5 in Register 12H.
If the override bit is set to Logic 1, this bit will be forced
to whatever the state of Bit 4 in Register 12H is set to.
Warning: If no sync is present on the green video input,
normal video may still trigger activity.
11
0
AI = 0 means Analog Interface.
AI = 1 means Digital Interface.
The override bit is in Register 12H, Bit 7.
Figure 39 shows where this function is implemented.
11
0
6 Analog Interface Sync-on-Green Detect
AI
3 Active Interface
This bit is used to indicate which interface should be
active, analog, or digital. It checks for activity on the
analog interface and for activity on the digital interface,
then determines which should be active according to
Table XXXIV. Specifically, analog interface detection
is determined by OR-ing Bits 7, 6, and 5 in this register.
–36–
REV. 0
AD9887A
Table XXXVI. Active VSYNC Results
Bit 5
(VSYNC
Detect)
Override
0
1
X
0
0
1
Table XL. Active HSYNC Select Settings
Select
Result
AVS
0
1
HSYNC Input
Sync-on-Green Input
0
1
Bit 2 in 12H
The default for this register is 0.
12
12
7 AIO—Active Interface Override
This bit is used to override the automatic interface selection (Bit 3 in Register 11H). To override, set this bit to
Logic 1. When overriding, the active interface is set via
Bit 6 in this register.
Table XLI. Active VSYNC Override Settings
Table XXXVII. Active Interface Override Settings
AIO
Result
0
1
Autodetermines the Active Interface
Override, Bit 6 Determines the Active Interface
12
Table XXXVIII. Active Interface Select Settings
0
1
Analog Interface
Digital Interface
Autodetermines the Active VSYNC
Override, Bit 2 Determines the Active VSYNC
2 Active VSYNC Select
Select
Result
0
1
VSYNC Input
Sync Separator Output
The default for this register is 0.
12
1 COAST Select
This bit is used to select the active COAST source. The
choices are the COAST input pin or VSYNC. If VSYNC
is selected, the additional decision of using the VSYNC
input pin or the output from the sync separator needs to
be made (Bits 3, 2).
The default for this register is 0.
12
0
1
Table XLII. Active VSYNC Select Settings
This bit is used under two conditions. It is used to select
the active interface when the override bit is set (Bit 7).
Alternately, it is used to determine the active interface
when not overriding but both interfaces are detected.
Result
Result
This bit is used to select the active VSYNC when the
override bit is set (Bit 3).
6 AIS—Active Interface Select
AIS
Override
The default for this register is 0.
The default for this register is 0.
12
3 Active VSYNC Override
This bit is used to override the automatic VSYNC selection
(Bit 1 in Register 11H). To override, set this bit to Logic 1.
When overriding, the active interface is set via Bit 2 in
this register.
AVS = 1 means Sync separator.
AVS = 0 means VSYNC input.
The override bit is in Register 12H, Bit 3.
5 Active Hsync Override
This bit is used to override the automatic Hsync selection
(Bit 2 in Register 11H). To override, set this bit to Logic 1.
When overriding, the active Hsync is set via Bit 4 in this
register.
Table XLIII. COAST Select Settings
Select
Result
0
1
COAST Input Pin
VSYNC (See Above Text)
Table XXXIX. Active Hsync Override Settings
The default for this register is 0.
Override Result
0
1
12
Autodetermines the Active Interface
Override, Bit 4 Determines the Active Interface
The default for this register is 0.
12
4 Active Hsync Select
This bit is used under two conditions. It is used to select
the active Hsync when the override bit is set (Bit 5). Alternately, it is used to determine the active Hsync when not
overriding, but both Hsyncs are detected.
0 PWRDN
This bit is used to put the chip in full power-down. This
powers down both interfaces. See the section on Power
Management for details of which blocks are actually
powered down. Note, the chip will be unable to detect
incoming activity while fully powered down.
Table XLIV. Power-Down Settings
Select
Result
0
1
Power-Down
Normal Operation
The default for this register is 1.
REV. 0
–37–
AD9887A
DIGITAL CONTROL
13
7:0 Sync Separator Threshold
Table XLVIII. Detected HSYNC Input Polarity Status
This register is used to set the responsiveness of the sync
separator. It sets how many pixel clock pulses the sync
separator must count to before toggling high or low. It
works like a low-pass filter to ignore Hsync pulses in order
to extract the Vsync signal. This register should be set to
some number greater than the maximum Hsync pulsewidth.
15
CONTROL BITS
14
2 Scan Enable
This register is used to enable the scan function. When
enabled, data can be loaded into the AD9887A outputs
serially with the scan function. The scan function utilizes
three pins (SCANIN, SCANOUT, and SCANCLK). These
pins are described in Table I.
0
1
Scan Function Disabled
Scan Function Enabled
15
1 Coast Input Polarity Override
Table XLVI. Coast Input Polarity Override Settings
Result
0
1
Coast Polarity Determined by Chip
Coast Polarity Determined by User
16
0 HSYNC Input Polarity Override
17
0
1
Hsync Polarity Determined by Chip
Hsync Polarity Determined by User
Vsync Polarity is Active Low.
Vsync Polarity is Active High.
5 Coast Input Polarity Status
Coast Polarity
Status
Result
0
1
Coast Polarity is Negative.
Coast Polarity is Positive.
7–3 Sync-on-Green Slicer Threshold
7–0 Pre-Coast
The default is 0.
18
The default for Hsync polarity override is 0 (polarity
determined by chip).
15
0
1
This register allows the Coast signal to be applied prior
to the Vsync signal. This is necessary in cases where preequalization pulses are present. This register defines
the number of edges that will be filtered before VSYNC
on a composite sync.
Table XLVII. HSYNC Input Polarity Override Settings
Result
Result
The default setting is 23 and corresponds to a threshold
value of 70 mV.
This register is used to override the internal circuitry that
determines the polarity of the Hsync signal going into
the PLL.
Override Bit
Vsync Polarity
Status
This register allows the comparator threshold of the
Sync-on-Green slicer to be adjusted. This register adjusts
the comparator threshold in steps of 10 mV. A setting of zero
results in a 330 mV threshold. The setting of 31 results in
a 10 mV threshold.
The default for coast polarity override is 0 (polarity
determined by chip).
14
6 VSYNC Output Polarity Status
Table L. Detected Coast Input Polarity Status
This register is used to override the internal circuitry that
determines the polarity of the coast signal going into
the PLL.
Override Bit
Hsync Polarity is Negative.
Hsync Polarity is Positive.
This bit reports the status of the coast input polarity
detection circuit. It can be used to determine the polarity of the coast input. The detection circuit’s location is
shown in the Sync Processing Block Diagram (Figure 39).
The default for scan enable is 0 (disabled).
14
0
1
Table XLIX. Detected VSYNC Input Polarity Status
Table XLV. Scan Enable Settings
Result
Result
This bit reports the status of the Vsync output polarity
detection circuit. It can be used to determine the polarity
of the Vsync input. The detection circuit’s location is
shown in the Sync Processing Block Diagram (Figure 39).
The default for this register is 32.
Scan Enable
Hsync Polarity
Status
7–0 Post-Coast
This register allows the coast signal to be applied following
to the Vsync signal. This is necessary in cases where postequalization pulses are present. This register defines the
number of edges that will be filtered after VSYNC on a
composite sync.
7 HSYNC Input Polarity Status
This bit reports the status of the Hsync input polarity
detection circuit. It can be used to determine the polarity
of the Hsync input. The detection circuit’s location is
shown in the Sync Processing Block Diagram (Figure 39).
The default is 0.
19
7–0 Test Register
Must be set to default.
1A
7–0 Test Register
Must be set to 41H for proper operation.
–38–
REV. 0
AD9887A
1B 7-0 Test Register
Must be set to 00H for proper operation.
1C 7-3 Test Bits
Must be set to 0000 0*** for proper operation.
1C 2 CbCr Output Order
In 4:2:2 mode, the red and blue channels can be interchanged
to help satisfy board layout or timing requirements, but the
green channel must be configured for Y. 1C bit 2 controls
the order that the U/V(CbCr) data is output. If this bit is
high, the Red channel data precedes the Blue channel data.
If this bit is low, the Blue channel data precedes the Red
channel data. See the example in Table LI.
Table LI. 4:2:2 Input/Output Configuration
Channel
Input
Connection
Red
Y
Green
Blue
Y
U
1C 1
V/U if 1C bit 2 = 1,
U/V if 1C bit 2 = 0
Y
High Impedance
Test Bits
4:2:2 Output Mode Select
1
4:4:4
0
4:2:2
Bit 6
A5
Bit 5
A4
Bit 4
A3
Bit 3
A2
Bit 2
A1
Bit 1
A0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
For each byte of data read or written, the MSB is the first bit of
the sequence.
If the AD9887A does not acknowledge the master device during
a write sequence, the SDA remains HIGH so the master can
generate a stop signal. If the master device does not acknowledge
the AD9887A during a read sequence, the AD9887A interprets
this as “end of data.” The SDA remains HIGH so the master
can generate a stop signal.
Table LII. 4:2:2 Output Mode Select
Output Mode
Bit 7
A6
(MSB)
Data Transfer via Serial Interface
4:2:2 mode can be used to reduce the number of data lines
used from 24 down to 16 for applications using YUV,
YCbCr, or YPbPr graphics signals. A timing diagram for
this mode is shown on page 22.
Select
The first eight bits of data transferred after a start signal comprising
of a 7-bit slave address (the first seven bits) and a single R/W bit
(the eighth bit). The R/W bit indicates the direction of data transfer, read from (1) or write to (0) the slave device. If the transmitted
slave address matches the address of the device (set by the state of
the SA1-0 input pins in Table LIII), the AD9887A acknowledges
by bringing SDA low on the ninth SCL pulse. If the addresses do
not match, the AD9887A does not acknowledge.
Table LIII. Serial Port Addresses
Output Format
Must be set to 0 for standard input sampling.
1C 0
When the serial interface is inactive (SCL and SDA are HIGH),
communications are initiated by sending a start signal. The start
signal is a HIGH-to-LOW transition on SDA, while SCL is
HIGH. This signal alerts all slaved devices that a data transfer
sequence is coming.
Writing data to specific control registers of the AD9887A requires
that the 8-bit address of the control register of interest be written
after the slave address has been established. This control register
address is the base address for subsequent write operations. The
base address autoincrements by one for each byte of data written
after the data byte intended for the base address. If more bytes are
transferred than there are available addresses, the address will not
increment and will remain at its maximum value of 1Dh. Any base
address higher than 1Dh will not produce an acknowledge signal.
2-Wire Serial Control Port
A 2-wire serial interface control port is provided. Up to four
AD9887A devices may be connected to the 2-wire serial interface,
with each device having a unique address.
The 2-wire serial interface comprises a clock (SCL) and a bidirectional data (SDA) pin. The analog flat panel interface acts as a
slave for receiving and transmitting data over the serial interface. When the serial interface is not active, the logic levels on
SCL and SDA are pulled HIGH by external pull-up resistors.
Data is read from the control registers of the AD9887A in a similar
manner. Reading requires two data transfer operations.
Data received or transmitted on the SDA line must be stable for
the duration of the positive-going SCL pulse. Data on SDA must
change only when SCL is LOW. If SDA changes state while SCL
is HIGH, the serial interface interprets that action as a start or
stop sequence.
The base address must be written with the R/W bit of the slave
address byte LOW to set up a sequential read operation.
There are five components to serial bus operation:
To terminate a read/write sequence to the AD9887A, a stop
signal must be sent. A stop signal comprises a LOW-to-HIGH
transition of SDA while SCL is HIGH. The timing for the
read/write operations is shown in Figure 37; a typical byte transfer
is shown in Figure 38.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Start signal
Slave address byte
Base register address byte
Data byte to read or write
Stop signal
REV. 0
Reading (the R/W bit of the slave address byte HIGH) begins at
the previously established base address. The address of the read
register autoincrements after each byte is transferred.
A repeated start signal occurs when the master device driving the
serial interface generates a start signal without first generating a
stop signal to terminate the current communication. This is used
to change the mode of communication (read, write) between the
slave and master without releasing the serial interface lines.
–39–
AD9887A
SDA
tBUFF
tDHO
tSTAH
tDSU
tSTASU
tSTOSU
tDAL
SCL
tDAH
Figure 37. Serial Port Read/Write Timing
SDA
BIT 7
BIT 6
BIT 5
BIT 4
BIT 3
BIT 2
BIT 1
BIT 0
Table LIV. Control of the Sync Block Muxes via the
Serial Register
ACK
SCL
Figure 38. Serial Interface—Typical Byte Transfer
Mux
Nos.
Serial Bus
Control Bit
Control
Bit State Result
1 and 2
12H: Bit 4
3
12H: Bit 1
4
12H: Bit 2
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
Serial Interface Read/Write Examples
Write to one control register:
• Start signal
• Slave address byte (R/W bit = LOW)
• Base address byte
• Data byte to base address
• Stop signal
Write to four consecutive control registers:
• Start signal
• Slave address byte (R/W bit = LOW)
• Base address byte
• Data byte to base address
• Data byte to (base address + 1)
• Data byte to (base address + 2)
• Data byte to (base address + 3)
• Stop signal
Read from one control register:
• Start signal
• Slave address byte (R/W bit = LOW)
• Base address byte
• Start signal
• Slave address byte (R/W bit = HIGH)
• Data byte from base address
• Stop signal
Read from four consecutive control registers:
• Start signal
• Slave address byte (R/W bit = LOW)
• Base address byte
• Start signal
• Slave address byte (R/W bit = HIGH)
• Data byte from base address
• Data byte from (base address + 1)
• Data byte from (base address + 2)
• Data byte from (base address + 3)
• Stop signal
5, 6, and 7 11H: Bit 3
Pass Hsync
Pass Sync-on-Green
Pass Coast
Pass Vsync
Pass Vsync
Pass Sync Separator Signal
Pass Digital Interface Signals
Pass Analog Interface Signals
THEORY OF OPERATION (SYNC PROCESSING)
This section is devoted to the basic operation of the sync processing engine (refer to Figure 39 Sync Processing Block Diagram).
Sync Stripper
The purpose of the sync stripper is to extract the sync signal
from the green graphics channel. A sync signal is not present on
all graphics systems, only those with “sync-on-green.” The sync
signal is extracted from the green channel in a two step process.
First, the SOG input is clamped to its negative peak (typically
0.3 V below the black level). Next, the signal goes to a comparator with a trigger level that is 0.15 V above the clamped level.
The output signal is typically a composite sync signal containing
both Hsync and Vsync.
Sync Separator
A sync separator extracts the Vsync signal from a composite
sync signal. It does this through a low-pass filter-like or integratorlike operation. It works on the idea that the Vsync signal stays
active for a much longer time than the Hsync signal, so it rejects
any signal shorter than a threshold value, which is somewhere
between an Hsync pulsewidth and a Vsync pulsewidth.
The sync separator on the AD9887A is simply an 8-bit digital
counter with a 5 MHz clock. It works independently of the
polarity of the composite sync signal. (Polarities are determined
elsewhere on the chip.) The basic idea is that the counter counts
up when Hsync pulses are present. But since Hsync pulses are
relatively short in width, the counter only reaches a value of N
before the pulse ends. It then starts counting down eventually
reaching 0 before the next Hsync pulse arrives. The specific
–40–
REV. 0
AD9887A
ACTIVITY
DETECT
SYNC STRIPPER
NEGATIVE PEAK
CLAMP
SYNC SEPARATOR
COMP
SYNC
INTEGRATOR
VSYNC
1/S
SOG
MUX 1
HSYNC IN
SOG OUT
PLL
ACTIVITY
DETECT
POLARITY
DETECT
HSYNC OUT
HSYNC
CLOCK
GENERATOR
MUX 2
HSYNC OUT
PIXEL CLOCK
COAST
COAST
MUX 3
POLARITY
DETECT
AD9887A
VSYNC IN
VSYNC OUT
ACTIVITY
DETECT
POLARITY
DETECT
MUX 4
Figure 39. Sync Processing Block Diagram
value of N will vary for different video modes but will always be
less than 255. For example with a 1 µs width Hsync, the counter
will only reach 5 (1 µs/200 ns = 5). Now, when Vsync is present
on the composite sync, the counter will also count up. However,
since the Vsync signal is much longer, it will count to a higher
number M. For most video modes, M will be at least 255. So,
Vsync can be detected on the composite sync signal by detecting
when the counter counts to higher than N. The specific count
that triggers detection (T) can be programmed through the
serial register (0Fh).
Once Vsync has been detected, there is a similar process to detect
when it goes inactive. At detection, the counter first resets to 0,
and then starts counting up when Vsync goes away. Similar to
the previous case, it will detect the absence of Vsync when the
counter reaches the threshold count (T). In this way, it will
reject noise and/or serration pulses. Once Vsync is detected to
be absent, the counter resets to 0 and begins the cycle again.
PCB LAYOUT RECOMMENDATIONS
The AD9887A is a high performance, high speed analog device.
In order to achieve the maximum performance out of the part,
it is important to have a well laid out board. The following is a
guide for designing a board using the AD9887A.
Analog Interface Inputs
Using the following layout techniques on the graphics inputs is
extremely important.
Minimize the trace length running into the graphics inputs. This
is accomplished by placing the AD9887A as close as possible
to the graphics VGA connector. Long input trace lengths are
undesirable because they will pick up more noise from the board
and other external sources.
REV. 0
Place the 75 Ω termination resistors as close to the AD9887A
chip as possible. Any additional trace length between the termination resistors and the input of the AD9887A increases the
magnitude of reflections, which will corrupt the graphics signal.
Use 75 Ω matched impedance traces. Trace impedances other
than 75 Ω will also increase the chance of reflections.
The AD9887A has very high input bandwidth (330 MHz). While
this is desirable for acquiring a high resolution PC graphics signal
with fast edges, it means that it will also capture any high frequency noise present. Therefore, it is important to reduce the
amount of noise that gets coupled to the inputs. Avoid running
any digital traces near the analog inputs.
Due to the high bandwidth of the AD9887A, sometimes low-pass
filtering the analog inputs can help to reduce noise. (For many
applications, filtering is unnecessary.) Experiments have shown
that placing a series ferrite bead prior to the 75 Ω termination
resistor is helpful in filtering out excess noise. Specifically,
the part used was the # 2508051217Z0 from Fair-Rite, but each
application may work best with a different bead value. Alternately,
placing a 100 Ω to 120 Ω resistor between the 75 Ω termination
resistor and the input coupling capacitor can also be beneficial.
Digital Interface Inputs
Each differential input pair (Rx0+, Rx0–, RxC+, RxC–, etc.)
should be routed together using 50 Ω strip line routing techniques
and should be kept as short as possible. No other components
should be placed on these inputs; for example, no clamping
diodes. Every effort should also be made to route these signals
on a single layer (component layer) with no vias.
–41–
AD9887A
Power Supply Bypassing
PLL
It is recommended to bypass each power supply pin with a
0.1 µF capacitor. The exception is in the case where two or
more supply pins are adjacent to each other. For these groupings of powers/grounds, it is only necessary to have one bypass
capacitor. The fundamental idea is to have a bypass capacitor
within about 0.5 cm of each power pin. Also, avoid placing the
capacitor on the opposite side of the PC board from the
AD9887A, as that interposes resistive vias in the path.
Place the PLL loop filter components as close to the FILT pin
as possible.
The bypass capacitors should be physically located between the
power plane and the power pin. Current should flow from the
power plane to the capacitor to the power pin. Do not make the
power connection between the capacitor and the power pin.
Placing a via underneath the capacitor pads, down to the power
plane, is generally the best approach.
Try to minimize the trace length that the digital outputs have to
drive. Longer traces have higher capacitance, which require
more current that causes more internal digital noise.
Do not place any digital or other high frequency traces near
these components.
Use the values suggested in the data sheet with 10% tolerances
or less.
Outputs (Both Data and Clocks)
Shorter traces reduce the possibility of reflections.
Adding a series resistor with a value of 22 Ω–100 Ω can suppress
reflections, reduce EMI, and reduce the current spikes inside of
the AD9887A. However, if 50 Ω traces are used on the PCB, the
data outputs should not need these resistors. A 22 Ω resistor on
the DATACK output should provide good impedance matching
that will further reduce refections. If EMI or current spiking is a
concern, it is recommended to use a lower drive strength setting.
If series resistors are used, place them as close to the AD9887A
pins as possible (try not to add vias or extra length to the output
trace in order to get the resistors closer).
It is particularly important to maintain low noise and good
stability of PVD (the clock generator supply). Abrupt changes in
PVD can result in similarly abrupt changes in sampling clock
phase and frequency. This can be avoided by careful attention to
regulation, filtering, and bypassing. It is highly desirable to provide separate regulated supplies for each of the analog circuitry
groups (VD and PVD).
Some graphic controllers use substantially different levels of
power when active (during active picture time) and when idle
(during horizontal and vertical sync periods). This can result in
a measurable change in the voltage supplied to the analog
supply regulator, which can in turn produce changes in the
regulated analog supply voltage. This can be mitigated by regulating the analog supply, or at least PVD, from a different, cleaner
power source (for example, from a 12 V supply).
If possible, limit the capacitance that each of the digital outputs
drives to less than 10 pF. This can easily be accomplished by
keeping traces short and by connecting the outputs to only one
device. Loading the outputs with excessive capacitance will
increase the current transients inside the AD9887A creating
more digital noise on its power supplies.
Digital Inputs
It is also recommended to use a single ground plane for the
entire board. Experience has repeatedly shown that the noise
performance is the same or better with a single ground plane.
Using multiple ground planes can be detrimental because each
separate ground plane is smaller, and long ground loops can result.
NE
PLA
ND
U
O
GR
GI
AD988
7A
Voltage Reference
Bypass with a 0.1 µF capacitor. Place as close to the AD9887A
pin as possible. Make the ground connection as short as possible.
REFOUT is easily connected to REFIN with a short trace. Avoid
making this trace any longer than it needs to be.
When using an external reference, the REFOUT output, while
unused, still needs to be bypassed with a 0.1 µF capacitor in
order to avoid ringing.
DIG
ITA
L
E
AC
DI
POWER PLANE
Any noise that gets onto the Hsync input trace will add jitter to
the system. Therefore, minimize the trace length and do not run
any digital or other high frequency traces near it.
PUT TR
UT
O
ANALOG
In some cases, using separate ground planes is unavoidable. For
those cases, it is recommended to at least place a single ground
plane under the AD9887A. The location of the split should be at
the receiver of the digital outputs. For this case, it is even more
important to place components wisely because the current loops
will be much longer (current takes the path of least resistance).
An example of a current loop follows.
The digital inputs on the AD9887A were designed to work with
3.3 V signals.
TA
L
GRO
UND P
LANE
REC
DIGITAL DATA
EIV E
R
Figure 40. Example of a Current Loop
–42–
REV. 0
AD9887A
OUTLINE DIMENSIONS
160-Lead Metric Quad Flatpack Package [MQFP]
(S-160)
Dimensions shown in millimeters
31.20
SQ
BSC
1.03
0.88
0.73
4.10
MAX
28.00
SQ
BSC
120
121
81
80
SEATING
PLANE
25.35
REF
TOP VIEW
(PINS DOWN)
0.10 MIN
COPLANARITY
PIN 1
160
0.50
0.25
3.60
3.40
3.20
41
40
1
0.65
BSC
0.40
0.22
COMPLIANT TO JEDEC STANDARDS MS-022DD-1
REV. 0
–43–
–44–
C02838–0–5/03(0)