AD AD5112BCPZ5

Single-Channel, 128-/64-/32-Position, I2C, ±8%
Resistor Tolerance, Nonvolatile Digital Potentiometer
Data Sheet
AD5110/AD5112/AD5114
FEATURES
FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM
VLOGIC
VDD
AD5110/AD5112/AD5114
POWER-ON
RESET
A
W
DATA
SDA
SCL
EEPROM
I2C
SERIAL
INTERFACE
B
RDAC
REGISTER
DATA
09582-001
Single-channel, 128-/64-/32-position resolution
5 kΩ, 10 kΩ, 80 kΩ nominal resistance
Maximum ±8% nominal resistor tolerance error
Low wiper resistance
±6 mA maximum wiper current density
Resistor tolerance stored in EEPROM (0.1% accuracy)
Rheostat mode temperature coefficient: 35 ppm/°C
Potentiometer mode temperature coefficient: 5 ppm/°C
2.3 V to 5.5 V single-supply operation
1.8 V to 5.5 V logic supply operation
Power-on EEPROM refresh time < 50 μs
I2C-compatible interface
Wiper setting and EEPROM readback
50-year typical data retention at 125°C
1 million write cycles
Wide operating temperature: −40°C to +125°C
Thin, 2 mm × 2 mm × 0.55 mm 8-lead LFCSP package
GND
Figure 1.
APPLICATIONS
Mechanical potentiometer replacement
Portable electronics level adjustment
Audio volume control
Low resolution DAC
LCD panel brightness and contrast control
Programmable voltage to current conversion
Programmable filters, delays, time constants
Feedback resistor programmable power supply
Sensor calibration
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The AD5110/AD5112/AD5114 provide a nonvolatile solution
for 128-/64-/32-position adjustment applications, offering
guaranteed low resistor tolerance errors of ±8% and up to
±6 mA current density in the A, B, and W pins. The low resistor
tolerance, low nominal temperature coefficient and high
bandwidth simplify open-loop applications, as well as tolerance
matching applications.
The new low wiper resistance feature minimizes the wiper
resistance in the extremes of the resistor array to only 45 Ω,
typical.
The wiper settings are controllable through an I2C-compatible
digital interface that is also used to readback the wiper register
and EEPROM content. Resistor tolerance is stored within
EEPROM, providing an end-to-end tolerance accuracy of 0.1%.
The AD5110/AD5112/AD5114 are available in a 2 mm × 2 mm
LFCSP package. The parts are guaranteed to operate over the
extended industrial temperature range of −40°C to +125°C.
Table 1. ±8% Resistance Tolerance Family
Model
AD5110
AD5111
AD5112
AD5113
AD5116
AD5114
AD5115
Resistance (kΩ)
10, 80
10, 80
5, 10, 80
5, 10, 80
5, 10, 80
10, 80
10, 80
Position
128
128
64
64
64
32
32
Interface
I2C
Up/down
I2C
Up/down
Push-button
I2C
Up/down
Rev. 0
Information furnished by Analog Devices is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no
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rights of third parties that may result from its use. Specifications subject to change without notice. No
license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Analog Devices.
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One Technology Way, P.O. Box 9106, Norwood, MA 02062-9106, U.S.A.
Tel: 781.329.4700
www.analog.com
Fax: 781.461.3113
©2011 Analog Devices, Inc. All rights reserved.
AD5110/AD5112/AD5114
Data Sheet
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Features .............................................................................................. 1
Theory of Operation ...................................................................... 19
Applications ....................................................................................... 1
RDAC Register and EEPROM .................................................. 19
Functional Block Diagram .............................................................. 1
I2C Serial Data Interface ............................................................ 19
General Description ......................................................................... 1
Input Shift Register .................................................................... 20
Revision History ............................................................................... 2
Write Operation.......................................................................... 21
Specifications..................................................................................... 3
EEPROM Write Acknowlegde Polling .................................... 23
Electrical Characteristics—AD5110 .......................................... 3
Read Operation........................................................................... 23
Electrical Characteristics—AD5112 .......................................... 5
Reset ............................................................................................. 23
Electrical Characteristics—AD5114 .......................................... 7
Shutdown Mode ......................................................................... 23
Interface Timing Specifications .................................................. 9
RDAC Architecture .................................................................... 24
Shift Register and Timing Diagram ......................................... 10
Programming the Variable Resistor ......................................... 24
Absolute Maximum Ratings .......................................................... 11
Programming the Potentiometer Divider ............................... 25
Thermal Resistance .................................................................... 11
Terminal Voltage Operating Range ......................................... 26
ESD Caution ................................................................................ 11
Power-Up Sequence ................................................................... 26
Pin Configuration and Function Descriptions ........................... 12
Layout and Power Supply Biasing ............................................ 26
Typical Performance Characteristics ........................................... 13
Outline Dimensions ....................................................................... 27
Test Circuits ..................................................................................... 18
Ordering Guide .......................................................................... 27
REVISION HISTORY
10/11—Revision 0: Initial Version
Rev. 0 | Page 2 of 28
Data Sheet
AD5110/AD5112/AD5114
SPECIFICATIONS
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—AD5110
10 kΩ and 80 kΩ versions: VDD = 2.3 V to 5.5 V, VLOGIC = 1.8 V to VDD, VA = VDD, VB = 0 V, −40°C < TA < +125°C, unless otherwise noted.
Table 2.
Parameter
DC CHARACTERISTICS—RHEOSTAT MODE
Resolution
Resistor Integral Nonlinearity2
Resistor Differential Nonlinearity2
Nominal Resistor Tolerance
Resistance Temperature Coefficient3
Wiper Resistance
DC CHARACTERISTICS—POTENTIOMETER
DIVIDER MODE
Integral Nonlinearity4
Differential Nonlinearity4
Full-Scale Error
Zero-Scale Error
Voltage Divider Temperature Coefficient3
RESISTOR TERMINALS
Maximum Continuous IA, IB, and IW
Current3
Symbol
N
R-INL
R-DNL
ΔRAB/RAB
(ΔRAB/RAB)/ΔT × 106
RW
RBS
RTS
INL
DNL
VWFSE
VWZSE
(ΔVW/VW)/ΔT × 106
CA, CB
Capacitance W3
CW
Low
Input Hysteresis3
Input Current3
Input Capacitance3
DIGITAL OUTPUT (SDA)
Output Low Voltage3
RAB = 10 kΩ, VDD = 2.3 V to 2.7 V
RAB = 10 kΩ, VDD = 2.7 V to 5.5 V
RAB = 80 kΩ
VINH
VINL
RAB = 10 kΩ
RAB = 80 kΩ
RAB = 10 kΩ
RAB = 80 kΩ
Code = half scale
f = 1 MHz, measured to GND,
code = half scale,
VW = VA = 2.5 V or VW = VB = 2.5 V
f = 1 MHz, measured to GND,
code = half scale, VA = VB = 2.5 V
VA = VW = VB
VLOGIC = 1.8 V to 2.3 V
VLOGIC = 2.3 V to 5.5 V
VLOGIC = 1.8 V to 2.3 V
VLOGIC = 2.3 V to 5.5 V
Typ1
Max
7
−2.5
−1
−0.5
−1
−8
±0.5
±0.25
±0.1
±0.25
+2.5
+1
+0.5
+1
+8
−0.5
−0.5
−2.5
−1.5
35
70
45
70
140
80
140
±0.15
±0.15
+0.5
+0.5
1.5
0.5
±10
−6
−1.5
GND
−500
+6
+1.5
VDD
LSB
LSB
LSB
LSB
LSB
LSB
ppm/°C
35
pF
±15
+500
0.8 × VLOGIC
0.7 × VLOGIC
0.2 × VLOGIC
0.3 × VLOGIC
±1
ISINK = 3 mA
ISINK = 6 mA
0.2
0.4
+1
−1
2
Rev. 0 | Page 3 of 28
Bits
LSB
LSB
LSB
LSB
%
ppm/°C
Ω
Ω
Ω
20
5
Three-State Leakage Current
Three-State Output Capacitance3
Unit
mA
mA
V
pF
0.1 × VLOGIC
VHYST
IN
CIN
VOL
Min
Code = full scale
Code = zero scale
Code = bottom scale
Code = top scale
RAB = 10 kΩ
RAB = 80 kΩ
Terminal Voltage Range5
Capacitance A, Capacitance B3
Common-Mode Leakage Current3
DIGITAL INPUTS
Input Logic3
High
Test Conditions/Comments
nA
V
V
V
V
V
μA
pF
V
V
μA
pF
AD5110/AD5112/AD5114
Parameter
POWER SUPPLIES
Single-Supply Power Range
Logic Supply Range
Positive Supply Current
EEMEM Store Current3, 6
EEMEM Read Current3, 7
Logic Supply Current
Power Dissipation8
Power Supply Rejection3
DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS3, 9
Bandwidth
Total Harmonic Distortion
VW Settling Time
Resistor Noise Density
FLASH/EE MEMORY RELIABILITY3
Endurance10
Data Sheet
Symbol
Test Conditions/Comments
Min
Typ1
Max
Unit
5.5
VDD
750
2
320
30
5
V
V
nA
mA
μA
nA
μW
−50
−64
dB
dB
2
200
MHz
kHz
−80
−85
dB
dB
3
12
μs
μs
9
20
nV/√Hz
nV/√Hz
1
MCycles
kCycles
Years
2.3
1.8
IDD
IDD_NVM_STORE
IDD_NVM_READ
ILOGIC
PDISS
PSR
BW
THD
ts
eN_WB
VDD = 5 V
VIH = VLOGIC or VIL = GND
VIH = VLOGIC or VIL = GND
∆VDD/∆VSS = 5 V ± 10%
RAB = 10 kΩ
RAB = 80 kΩ
Code = half scale, −3 dB
RAB = 10 kΩ
RAB = 80 kΩ
VA = VDD/2 +1 V rms, VB = VDD/2,
f = 1 kHz, code = half scale
RAB = 10 kΩ
RAB = 80 kΩ
VA = 5 V, VB = 0 V,
±0.5 LSB error band
RAB = 10 kΩ
RAB = 80 kΩ
Code = half scale, TA = 25°C,
f = 100 kHz
RAB = 10 kΩ
RAB = 80 kΩ
TA = 25°C
100
Data Retention11
50
1
Typical values represent average readings at 25°C, VDD = 5 V, VSS = 0 V, and VLOGIC = 5 V.
Resistor position nonlinearity error (R-INL) is the deviation from an ideal value measured between the maximum resistance and the minimum resistance wiper
positions. R-DNL measures the relative step change from ideal between successive tap positions. The maximum wiper current is limited to 0.75 × VDD/RAB.
3
Guaranteed by design and characterization, not subject to production test.
4
INL and DNL are measured at VWB with the RDAC configured as a potentiometer divider similar to a voltage output DAC. VA = VDD and VB = 0 V. DNL specification limits
of ±1 LSB maximum are guaranteed monotonic operating conditions.
5
Resistor Terminal A, Resistor Terminal B, and Resistor Terminal W have no limitations on polarity with respect to each other.
6
Different from operating current; supply current for NVM program lasts approximately 30 ms.
7
Different from operating current; supply current for NVM read lasts approximately 20 μs.
8
PDISS is calculated from (IDD × VDD) + (ILOGIC × VLOGIC).
9
All dynamic characteristics use VDD = 5.5 V, and VLOGIC = 5 V.
10
Endurance is qualified at 100,000 cycles per JEDEC Standard 22, Method A117 and measured at 150°C.
11
Retention lifetime equivalent at junction temperature (TJ) = 125°C per JEDEC Standard 22, Method A117. Retention lifetime based on an activation energy of 1 eV
derates with junction temperature in the Flash/EE memory.
2
Rev. 0 | Page 4 of 28
Data Sheet
AD5110/AD5112/AD5114
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—AD5112
5 kΩ, 10 kΩ, and 80 kΩ versions: VDD = 2.3 V to 5.5 V, VLOGIC = 1.8 V to VDD, VA = VDD, VB = 0 V, −40°C < TA < +125°C, unless otherwise noted.
Table 3.
Parameter
DC CHARACTERISTICS—RHEOSTAT MODE
Resolution
Resistor Integral Nonlinearity2
Resistor Differential Nonlinearity2
Nominal Resistor Tolerance
Resistance Temperature Coefficient3
Wiper Resistance
DC CHARACTERISTICS—POTENTIOMETER
DIVIDER MODE
Integral Nonlinearity4
Differential Nonlinearity4
Full-Scale Error
Zero-Scale Error
Voltage Divider Temperature Coefficient3
RESISTOR TERMINALS
Maximum Continuous IA, IB, and IW
Current3
Symbol
N
R-INL
R-DNL
ΔRAB/RAB
(ΔRAB/RAB)/ΔT × 106
RW
RBS
RTS
INL
DNL
VWFSE
VWZSE
(ΔVW/VW)/ΔT × 106
CA, CB
Capacitance W3
CW
Low
Input Hysteresis3
Input Current3
Input Capacitance3
DIGITAL OUTPUT (SDA)
Output Low Voltage3
RAB = 5 kΩ, VDD = 2.3 V to 2.7 V
RAB = 5 kΩ, VDD = 2.7 V to 5.5 V
RAB = 10 kΩ
RAB = 80 kΩ
VINH
VINL
RAB = 5 kΩ
RAB =10 kΩ
RAB = 80 kΩ
RAB = 5 kΩ
RAB =10 kΩ
RAB = 80 kΩ
Code = half scale
f = 1 MHz, measured to GND,
code = half scale, VW = VA =
2.5 V or VW = VB = 2.5 V
f = 1 MHz, measured to GND,
code = half scale,
VA = VB = 2.5 V
VA = VW = VB
VLOGIC = 1.8 V to 2.3 V
VLOGIC = 2.3 V to 5.5 V
VLOGIC = 1.8 V to 2.3 V
VLOGIC = 2.3 V to 5.5 V
Typ1
Max
6
−2.5
−1
−1
−0.25
+1
−8
±0.5
±0.25
±0.25
±0.1
±0.25
+2.5
+1
+1
+0.25
+1
+8
−0.5
−0.5
−2.5
−1.5
−1
35
70
45
70
140
80
140
±0.15
±0.15
+0.5
+0.5
1.5
1
0.25
±10
−6
−1.5
GND
−500
+6
+1.5
VDD
LSB
LSB
LSB
LSB
LSB
LSB
LSB
LSB
ppm/°C
35
pF
±15
+500
0.8 × VLOGIC
0.7 × VLOGIC
0.2 × VLOGIC
0.3 × VLOGIC
±1
ISINK = 3 mA
ISINK = 6 mA
0.2
0.4
+1
−1
2
Rev. 0 | Page 5 of 28
Bits
LSB
LSB
LSB
LSB
LSB
%
ppm/°C
Ω
Ω
Ω
20
5
Three-State Leakage Current
Three-State Output Capacitance3
Unit
mA
mA
V
pF
0.1 × VLOGIC
VHYST
IN
CIN
VOL
Min
Code = full scale
Code = zero scale
Code = bottom scale
Code = top scale
RAB = 5 kΩ, 10 kΩ
RAB = 80 kΩ
Terminal Voltage Range5
Capacitance A, Capacitance B3
Common-Mode Leakage Current3
DIGITAL INPUTS
Input Logic3
High
Test Conditions/Comments
nA
V
V
V
V
V
μA
pF
V
V
μA
pF
AD5110/AD5112/AD5114
Parameter
POWER SUPPLIES
Single-Supply Power Range
Logic Supply Range
Positive Supply Current
EEMEM Store Current3, 6
EEMEM Read Current3, 7
Logic Supply Current
Power Dissipation8
Power Supply Rejection3
DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS3, 9
Bandwidth
Total Harmonic Distortion
VW Settling Time
Resistor Noise Density
FLASH/EE MEMORY RELIABILITY3
Endurance10
Data Sheet
Symbol
Test Conditions/Comments
Min
Typ1
Max
Unit
5.5
VDD
750
2
320
30
5
V
V
nA
mA
μA
nA
μW
−43
−50
−64
dB
dB
dB
4
2
200
MHz
MHz
kHz
−75
−80
−85
dB
dB
dB
μs
2.5
3
10
μs
μs
μs
7
9
20
nV/√Hz
nV/√Hz
nV/√Hz
1
MCycles
kCycles
Years
2.3
1.8
IDD
IDD_NVM_STORE
IDD_NVM_READ
ILOGIC
PDISS
PSR
BW
THD
ts
eN_WB
VDD = 5 V
VIH = VLOGIC or VIL = GND
VIH = VLOGIC or VIL = GND
∆VDD/∆VSS = 5 V ± 10%
RAB = 5 kΩ
RAB =10 kΩ
RAB = 80 kΩ
Code = half scale − 3 dB
RAB = 5 kΩ
RAB = 10 kΩ
RAB = 80 kΩ
VA = VDD/2 + 1 V rms,
VB = VDD/2, f = 1 kHz,
code = half scale
RAB = 5 kΩ
RAB = 10 kΩ
RAB = 80 kΩ
VA = 5 V, VB = 0 V,
±0.5 LSB error band
RAB = 5 kΩ
RAB = 10 kΩ
RAB = 80 kΩ
Code = half scale, TA = 25°C,
f = 100 kHz
RAB = 5 kΩ
RAB = 10 kΩ
RAB = 80 kΩ
TA = 25°C
100
Data Retention11
50
1
Typical values represent average readings at 25°C, VDD = 5 V, VSS = 0 V, and VLOGIC = 5 V.
Resistor position nonlinearity error (R-INL) is the deviation from an ideal value measured between the maximum resistance and the minimum resistance wiper
positions. R-DNL measures the relative step change from ideal between successive tap positions. The maximum wiper current is limited to 0.75 × VDD/RAB.
3
Guaranteed by design and characterization, not subject to production test.
4
INL and DNL are measured at VWB with the RDAC configured as a potentiometer divider similar to a voltage output DAC. VA = VDD and VB = 0 V. DNL specification limits
of ±1 LSB maximum are guaranteed monotonic operating conditions.
5
Resistor Terminal A, Resistor Terminal B, and Resistor Terminal W have no limitations on polarity with respect to each other.
6
Different from operating current; supply current for NVM program lasts approximately 30 ms.
7
Different from operating current; supply current for NVM read lasts approximately 20 μs.
8
PDISS is calculated from (IDD × VDD) + (ILOGIC × VLOGIC).
9
All dynamic characteristics use VDD = 5.5 V, and VLOGIC = 5 V.
10
Endurance is qualified at 100,000 cycles per JEDEC Standard 22, Method A117 and measured at 150°C.
11
Retention lifetime equivalent at junction temperature (TJ) = 125°C per JEDEC Standard 22, Method A117. Retention lifetime based on an activation energy of 1 eV
derates with junction temperature in the Flash/EE memory.
2
Rev. 0 | Page 6 of 28
Data Sheet
AD5110/AD5112/AD5114
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—AD5114
10 kΩ and 80 kΩ versions: VDD = 2.3 V to 5.5 V, VLOGIC = 1.8 V to VDD, VA = VDD, VB = 0 V, −40°C < TA < +125°C, unless otherwise noted.
Table 4.
Parameter
DC CHARACTERISTICS—RHEOSTAT MODE
Resolution
Resistor Integral Nonlinearity2
Resistor Differential Nonlinearity2
Nominal Resistor Tolerance
Resistance Temperature Coefficient3
Wiper Resistance
DC CHARACTERISTICS—POTENTIOMETER
DIVIDER MODE
Integral Nonlinearity4
Differential Nonlinearity4
Full-Scale Error
Zero-Scale Error
Voltage Divider Temperature Coefficient3
RESISTOR TERMINALS
Maximum Continuous IA, IB, and IW
Current3
Symbol
N
R-INL
R-DNL
ΔRAB/RAB
(ΔRAB/RAB)/ΔT × 106
RW
RBS
RTS
INL
DNL
VWFSE
VWZSE
(ΔVW/VW)/ΔT × 106
CA, CB
Capacitance W3
CW
Low
Input Hysteresis3
Input Current3
Input Capacitance3
DIGITAL OUTPUT (SDA)
Output Low Voltage3
VINH
VINL
Code = full scale
Code = zero scale
Code = bottom scale
Code = top scale
RAB = 10 kΩ
RAB = 80 kΩ
RAB = 10 kΩ
RAB = 80 kΩ
Code = half scale
f = 1 MHz, measured to GND,
code = half scale, VW = VA =
2.5 V or VW = VB = 2.5 V
f = 1 MHz, measured to
GND, code = half scale, VA =
VB = 2.5 V
VA = VW = VB
VLOGIC = 1.8 V to 2.3 V
VLOGIC = 2.3 V to 5.5 V
VLOGIC = 1.8 V to 2.3 V
VLOGIC = 2.3 V to 5.5 V
Typ1
Max
+0.5
+0.25
+8
35
70
45
70
−0.25
−0.25
−1
−0.5
140
80
140
+0.25
+0.25
1
0.25
±10
−6
−1.5
GND
−500
+6
+1.5
VDD
LSB
LSB
LSB
LSB
LSB
LSB
ppm/°C
35
pF
±15
+500
0.8 × VLOGIC
0.7 × VLOGIC
0.2 × VLOGIC
0.3 × VLOGIC
±1
ISINK = 3 mA
ISINK = 6 mA
0.2
0.4
+1
−1
2
Rev. 0 | Page 7 of 28
Bits
LSB
LSB
%
ppm/°C
Ω
Ω
Ω
20
5
Three-State Leakage Current
Three-State Output Capacitance3
Unit
mA
mA
V
pF
0.1 × VLOGIC
VHYST
IN
CIN
VOL
Min
5
−0.5
−0.25
−8
RAB = 10 kΩ
RAB = 80 kΩ
Terminal Voltage Range5
Capacitance A, Capacitance B3
Common-Mode Leakage Current3
DIGITAL INPUTS
Input Logic3
High
Test Conditions/Comments
nA
V
V
V
V
V
μA
pF
V
V
μA
pF
AD5110/AD5112/AD5114
Parameter
POWER SUPPLIES
Single-Supply Power Range
Logic Supply Range
Positive Supply Current
EEMEM Store Current3, 6
EEMEM Read Current3,7
Logic Supply Current
Power Dissipation8
Power Supply Rejection3
DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS3, 9
Bandwidth
Total Harmonic Distortion
VW Settling Time
Resistor Noise Density
FLASH/EE MEMORY RELIABILITY3
Endurance10
Data Sheet
Symbol
Test Conditions/Comments
Min
Typ1
Max
Unit
5.5
VDD
750
2
320
30
5
V
V
nA
mA
μA
nA
μW
−50
−64
dB
dB
2
200
MHz
kHz
−80
−85
dB
dB
2.7
9.5
μs
μs
9
20
nV/√Hz
nV/√Hz
1
MCycles
kCycles
Years
2.3
1.8
IDD
IDD_NVM_STORE
IDD_NVM_READ
ILOGIC
PDISS
PSR
BW
THD
ts
eN_WB
VDD = 5 V
VIH = VLOGIC or VIL = GND
VIH = VLOGIC or VIL = GND
∆VDD/∆VSS = 5 V ± 10%
RAB = 10 kΩ
RAB = 80 kΩ
Code = half scale, −3 dB
RAB = 10 kΩ
RAB = 80 kΩ
VA = VDD/2 + 1 V rms,
VB = VDD/2, f = 1 kHz,
code = half scale
RAB = 10 kΩ
RAB = 80 kΩ
VA = 5 V, VB = 0 V, ±0.5 LSB
error band
RAB = 10 kΩ
RAB = 80 kΩ
Code = half scale, TA = 25°C,
f = 100 kHz
RAB = 10 kΩ
RAB = 80 kΩ
TA = 25°C
100
Data Retention11
50
1
Typical values represent average readings at 25°C, VDD = 5 V, VSS = 0 V, and VLOGIC = 5 V.
Resistor position nonlinearity error (R-INL) is the deviation from an ideal value measured between the maximum resistance and the minimum resistance wiper
positions. R-DNL measures the relative step change from ideal between successive tap positions. The maximum wiper current is limited to 0.75 × VDD/RAB.
3
Guaranteed by design and characterization, not subject to production test.
4
INL and DNL are measured at VWB with the RDAC configured as a potentiometer divider similar to a voltage output DAC. VA = VDD and VB = 0 V. DNL specification limits
of ±1 LSB maximum are guaranteed monotonic operating conditions.
5
Resistor Terminal A, Resistor Terminal B, and Resistor Terminal W have no limitations on polarity with respect to each other.
6
Different from operating current; supply current for NVM program lasts approximately 30 ms.
7
Different from operating current; supply current for NVM read lasts approximately 20 μs.
8
PDISS is calculated from (IDD × VDD) + (ILOGIC × VLOGIC).
9
All dynamic characteristics use VDD = 5.5 V, and VLOGIC = 5 V.
10
Endurance is qualified at 100,000 cycles per JEDEC Standard 22, Method A117 and measured at 150°C.
11
Retention lifetime equivalent at junction temperature (TJ) = 125°C per JEDEC Standard 22, Method A117. Retention lifetime based on an activation energy of 1 eV
derates with junction temperature in the Flash/EE memory.
2
Rev. 0 | Page 8 of 28
Data Sheet
AD5110/AD5112/AD5114
INTERFACE TIMING SPECIFICATIONS
VLOGIC = 1.8 V to 5.5 V; all specifications TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted.
Table 5.
Parameter 1
fSCL 2
t1
t2
t3
t4
t5
t6
t7
t8
t9
t10
t11
t11A
t12
tSP 3
tEEPROM_PROGRAM 4
tPOWER_UP 5
tRESET
Test Conditions/
Comments
Standard mode
Fast mode
Standard mode
Fast mode
Standard mode
Fast mode
Standard mode
Fast mode
Standard mode
Fast mode
Standard mode
Fast mode
Standard mode
Fast mode
Standard mode
Fast mode
Standard mode
Fast mode
Standard mode
Fast mode
Standard mode
Fast mode
Standard mode
Fast mode
Standard mode
Fast mode
Standard mode
Fast mode
Fast mode
Min
Typ
4.0
0.6
4.7
1.3
250
100
0
0
4.7
0.6
4
0.6
4.7
Max
100
400
3.45
0.9
1.3
4
0.6
20 + 0.1 CL
20 + 0.1 CL
20 + 0.1 CL
20 + 0.1 CL
20 + 0.1 CL
0
15
1000
300
300
300
1000
300
1000
300
300
300
50
50
50
25
Unit
kHz
kHz
µs
µs
µs
µs
ns
ns
µs
µs
µs
µs
µs
µs
µs
µs
µs
µs
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ms
µs
µs
Description
Serial clock frequency
tHIGH, SCL high time
tLOW, SCL low time
tSU;DAT, data setup time
tHD;DAT, data hold time
tSU;STA, setup time for a repeated start condition
tHD;STA, hold time (repeated) start condition
tBUF, bus free time between a stop and a start
condition
tSU;STO, setup time for stop condition
tRDA, rise time of SDA signal
tFDA, fall time of SDA signal
tRCL, rise time of SCL signal
tRCL1, rise time of SCL signal after a repeated start
condition and after an acknowledge bit.
tFCL, fall time of SCL signal
Pulse width of suppressed spike
Memory program time
Power-on EEPROM restore time
Reset EEPROM restore time
Maximum bus capacitance is limited to 400 pF.
The SDA and SCL timing is measured with the input filters enabled. Switching off the input filters improves the transfer rate but has a negative effect on EMC behavior
of the part.
3
Input filtering on the SCL and SDA inputs suppress noise spikes that are less than 50 ns for fast mode.
4
EEPROM program time depends on the temperature and EEPROM write cycles. Higher timing is expected at a lower temperature and higher write cycles.
5
Maximum time after VDD is equal to 2.3 V.
1
2
Rev. 0 | Page 9 of 28
AD5110/AD5112/AD5114
Data Sheet
SHIFT REGISTER AND TIMING DIAGRAM
DB7 (MSB)
0
0
0
0
C2
C1
C0
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D0
D1
09582-002
0
DB0 (LSB)
DATA BITS
CONTROL BITS
Figure 2. Input Register Content
t11
t12
t6
t2
SCL
t1
t6
t4
t5
t3
t8
t10
t9
P
t7
S
S
Figure 3. 2-Wire Serial Interface Timing Diagram
Rev. 0 | Page 10 of 28
P
09582-003
SDA
Data Sheet
AD5110/AD5112/AD5114
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
TA = 25°C, unless otherwise noted.
Table 6.
Parameter
VDD to GND
VLOGIC to GND
VA, VW, VB to GND
IA, IW, IB
Pulsed 1
Frequency > 10 kHz
RAW = 5 kΩ and 10 kΩ
RAW = 80 kΩ
Frequency ≤ 10 kHz
RAW = 5 kΩ and 10 kΩ
RAW = 80 kΩ
Continuous
RAW = 5 kΩ and 10 kΩ
RAW = 80 kΩ
Digital Inputs SDA and SCL
Operating Temperature Range 3
Maximum Junction Temperature (TJ Max)
Storage Temperature Range
Reflow Soldering
Peak Temperature
Time at Peak Temperature
Package Power Dissipation
Rating
–0.3 V to +7.0 V
–0.3 V to +7.0 V
GND − 0.3 V to VDD + 0.3 V
Stresses above those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings
may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress
rating only; functional operation of the device at these or any
other conditions above those indicated in the operational
section of this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute
maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect
device reliability.
THERMAL RESISTANCE
θJA is defined by JEDEC specification JESD-51, and the value is
dependent on the test board and test environment.
±6 mA/d 2
±1.5 mA/d2
Table 7. Thermal Resistance
±6 mA/√d2
±1.5 mA/√d2
Package Type
8-Lead LFCSP
±6 mA
±1.5 mA
−0.3 V to +7 V or VLOGIC + 0.3 V
(whichever is less)
−40°C to +125°C
150°C
−65°C to +150°C
1
θJA
901
JEDEC 2S2P test board, still air (0 m/sec air flow).
ESD CAUTION
260°C
20 sec to 40 sec
(TJ max − TA)/θJA
Maximum terminal current is bounded by the maximum current handling of
the switches, maximum power dissipation of the package, and maximum
applied voltage across any two of the A, B, and W terminals at a given
resistance.
2
Pulse duty factor.
3
Includes programming of EEPROM memory.
1
Rev. 0 | Page 11 of 28
θJC
25
Unit
°C/W
AD5110/AD5112/AD5114
Data Sheet
PIN CONFIGURATION AND FUNCTION DESCRIPTIONS
A 2
W 3
B 4
AD5110/
AD5112/
AD5114
TOP VIEW
(Not to Scale)
8 VLOGIC
7 SDA
6 SCL
5 GND
NOTES
1. THE EXPOSED PAD IS INTERNALLY FLOATING.
09582-004
VDD 1
Figure 4. Pin Configuration
Table 8. Pin Function Descriptions
Pin No.
1
Mnemonic
VDD
2
3
4
5
6
A
W
B
GND
SCL
7
SDA
8
VLOGIC
Description
Positive Power Supply; 2.3 V to 5.5 V. This pin should be decoupled with 0.1 µF ceramic capacitors and 10 µF
capacitors.
Terminal A of RDAC. GND ≤ VA ≤ VDD.
Wiper Terminal of RDAC. GND ≤ VW ≤ VDD.
Terminal B of RDAC. GND ≤ VB ≤ VDD.
Ground Pin, Logic Ground Reference.
Serial Clock Line. This pin is used in conjunction with the SDA line to clock data into or out of the 16-bit input
registers.
Serial Data Line. This pin is used in conjunction with the SCL line to clock data into or out of the 16-bit input
registers. It is a bidirectional, open-drain data line that should be pulled to the supply with an external pull-up
resistor.
Logic Power Supply; 1.8 V to VDD. This pin should be decoupled with 0.1 µF ceramic capacitors and 10 µF
EPAD
Exposed Pad. The exposed pad is internally floating.
capacitors.
Rev. 0 | Page 12 of 28
Data Sheet
AD5110/AD5112/AD5114
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS
0.10
0.02
10kΩ,
10kΩ,
10kΩ,
80kΩ,
80kΩ,
80kΩ,
0.08
10kΩ, –40°C
10kΩ, +25°C
10kΩ, +125°C
80kΩ, –40°C
80kΩ, +25°C
80kΩ, +125°C
0.01
0
–0.01
0.04
R-DNL (LSB)
R-INL (LSB)
0.06
–40°C
+25°C
+125°C
–40°C
+25°C
+125°C
0.02
0
–0.02
–0.03
–0.04
–0.02
0.08
0.02
5kΩ, –40°C
5kΩ, +25°C
5kΩ, +125°C
10kΩ, –40°C
10kΩ, +25°C
10kΩ, +125°C
80kΩ, –40°C
80kΩ, +25°C
80kΩ, +125°C
119
127
112
98
105
91
84
77
70
56
63
49
42
5kΩ, –40°C
5kΩ, +25°C
5kΩ, +125°C
10kΩ, –40°C
80kΩ, –40°C
10kΩ, +25°C
80kΩ, +25°C
10kΩ, +125°C
80kΩ, +125°C
0.01
0
–0.01
R-DNL (LSB)
R-INL (LSB)
0.04
35
Figure 8. R-DNL vs. Code (AD5110)
Figure 5. R-INL vs. Code (AD5110)
0.06
28
21
7
0
CODE (Decimal)
09582-008
CODE (Decimal)
09582-005
119
127
112
98
105
91
84
77
70
63
56
49
42
35
28
21
–0.07
14
–0.06
0
–0.06
7
–0.04
14
–0.05
0.02
0
–0.02
–0.03
–0.04
–0.02
0 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30 33 36 39 42 45 48 51 54 57 60 63
CODE (Decimal)
09582-006
–0.06
–0.06
–0.07
0 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30 33 36 39 42 45 48 51 54 57 60 63
CODE (Decimal)
Figure 9. R-DNL vs. Code (AD5112)
Figure 6. R-INL vs. Code (AD5112)
0.004
0.020
10kΩ,
10kΩ,
10kΩ,
80kΩ,
80kΩ,
80kΩ,
0.015
–40°C
+25°C
+125°C
–40°C
+25°C
+125°C
0.002
0
–0.002
R-DNL (LSB)
0.010
0.005
0
–0.005
–0.004
–0.006
–0.008
–0.010
–0.012
–0.014
10kΩ, –40°C
80kΩ, –40°C
–0.016
–0.015
0
2
4
6
8
10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 31
CODE (Decimal)
–0.018
0
2
4
6
8
10kΩ, +25°C
80kΩ, +25°C
10kΩ, +125°C
80kΩ, +125°C
10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 31
CODE (Decimal)
Figure 10. R-DNL vs. Code (AD5114)
Figure 7. R-INL vs. Code (AD5114)
Rev. 0 | Page 13 of 28
09582-010
–0.010
09582-007
R-INL (LSB)
09582-009
–0.05
–0.04
AD5110/AD5112/AD5114
Data Sheet
0.02
0.08
10kΩ,
10kΩ,
10kΩ,
80kΩ,
80kΩ,
80kΩ,
0.06
0.04
–40°C
+25°C
+125°C
–40°C
+25°C
+125°C
0.01
0
–0.01
DNL (LSB)
INL (LSB)
0.02
0
–0.02
–0.02
–0.03
–0.04
–0.04
0.02
5kΩ, –40°C
5kΩ, +25°C
5kΩ, +125°C
10kΩ, –40°C
10kΩ, +25°C
10kΩ, +125°C
80kΩ, –40°C
80kΩ, +25°C
80kΩ, +125°C
–0.05
09582-012
119
127
112
98
105
91
84
77
70
63
56
80kΩ, +25°C
80kΩ, –40°C
–0.06
80kΩ, +125°C
0 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30 33 36 39 42 45 48 51 54 57 60 63
CODE (Decimal)
09582-015
–0.06
Figure 12. INL vs. Code (AD5112)
Figure 15. DNL vs. Code (AD5112)
0.004
0.015
10kΩ,
10kΩ,
10kΩ,
80kΩ,
80kΩ,
80kΩ,
–40°C
+25°C
+125°C
–40°C
+25°C
+125°C
10kΩ, –40°C
10kΩ, +25°C
10kΩ, +125°C
80kΩ, –40°C
80kΩ, +25°C
80kΩ, +125°C
0.002
0
DNL (LSB)
–0.002
0
–0.005
–0.004
–0.006
–0.008
–0.010
–0.010
–0.012
–0.014
–0.020
0
2
4
6
8
10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 31
CODE (Decimal)
Figure 13. INL vs. Code (AD5114)
–0.016
0
2
4
6
8
10 12 14 16 18 20 22
CODE (Decimal)
Figure 16. DNL vs. Code (AD5114)
Rev. 0 | Page 14 of 28
24 26 28 31
09582-016
–0.015
09582-013
INL (LSB)
49
–0.03
–0.04
0.005
42
–0.02
–0.04
0.010
5kΩ, +125°C
10kΩ, +125°C
–0.01
–0.02
0 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30 33 36 39 42 45 48 51 54 57 60 63
CODE (Decimal)
5kΩ, +25°C
10kΩ, +25°C
0
0
–0.08
5kΩ, –40°C
10kΩ, –40°C
0.01
DNL (LSB)
INL (LSB)
0.02
35
Figure 14. DNL vs. Code (AD5110)
0.08
0.04
28
21
14
0
7
CODE (Decimal)
Figure 11. INL vs. Code (AD5110)
0.06
10kΩ, +125°C
80kΩ, +125°C
–0.07
09582-011
119
127
112
98
105
91
84
77
70
63
56
49
42
35
28
21
14
0
7
CODE (Decimal)
10kΩ, +25°C
80kΩ, +25°C
10kΩ, –40°C
80kΩ, –40°C
–0.06
–0.08
09582-014
–0.05
–0.06
Data Sheet
AD5110/AD5112/AD5114
0.12
800
700
SUPPLY CURRENT, ILOGIC (mA)
400
300
200
2.3V AVERAGE OF I DD
2.3V AVERAGE OF I LOGIC
3.3V AVERAGE OF I DD
3.3V AVERAGE OF I LOGIC
5.0V AVERAGE OF I DD
5.0V AVERAGE OF I LOGIC
0.08
0.06
0.04
0.02
0
0
–25
–10
5
20
35
50
65
TEMPERATURE (°C)
80
95
110 125
–0.02
09582-017
–100
–40
0
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
DIGITAL INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
Figure 17. Supply Current vs. Temperature
Figure 20. Supply Current (ILOGIC) vs. Digital Input Voltage
200
200
10kΩ
80kΩ
5kΩ
180
160
VDD = 5V
POTENTIOMETER MODE TEMPCO (ppm/°C)
VDD = 5V
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
180
10kΩ
80kΩ
5kΩ
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
20
10
5
40
20
10
60
80
30
40
15
20
CODE (Decimal)
100
50
25
120 AD5110
60 AD5112
30 AD5114
0
0
0
09582-018
0
0
0
Figure 18. Potentiometer Mode Tempco ((ΔVW/VW)/ΔT × 106) vs. Code
20
10
5
0x40 (0x20) [0x10]
0x10
0x10 (0x08) [0x04]
–20
GAIN (dB)
0x04
0x02
0x01
0x04 (0x02) [0x01]
–30
0x02 (0x01) [0x00]
0x01 (0x00)
–40
0x00
0x00
–50
–50
–60
10k
0x08 (0x04) [0x02]
–60
100k
1M
10M
FREQUENCY (Hz)
100M
AD5110 (AD5112) [AD5114]
–70
10k
100k
1M
FREQUENCY (Hz)
Figure 22. 10 kΩ Gain vs. Frequency vs. Code
Figure 19. 5 kΩ Gain vs. Frequency vs. Code
Rev. 0 | Page 15 of 28
10M
09582-022
–40
120 AD5110
60 AD5112
30 AD5114
–10 0x20 (0x10) [0x08]
0x08
–30
100
50
25
0
0x20
–20
60
80
30
40
15
20
CODE (Decimal)
Figure 21. Rheostat Mode Tempco ((ΔRWB/RWB)/ΔT × 106) vs. Code
0
–10
40
20
10
09582-021
0
0
09582-019
POTENTIOMETER MODE TEMPCO (ppm/°C)
0.5
09582-020
SUPPLY CURRENT (nA)
500
100
GAIN (dB)
VLOGIC = 5.0V
VLOGIC = 3.3V
VLOGIC = 2.3V
VLOGIC = 1.8V
0.10
600
AD5110/AD5112/AD5114
Data Sheet
80
0
0x40 (0x20) [0x10]
60
0x04 (0x02) [0x01]
–30
0x02 (0x01) [0x00]
–40 0x01 (0x00)
–50
80k + 150pF
80k + 250pF
5k + 0pF
5k + 75pF
5k + 150pF
10k + 0pF
50
40
30
0x00
–60
5k + 250pF
10k + 75pF
10k + 150pF
10k + 250pF
80k + 0pF
80k + 75pF
70
BANDWIDTH (MHz)
GAIN (dB)
–10 0x20 (0x10) [0x08]
0x10 (0x08) [0x04]
–20
0x08 (0x04) [0x02]
20
–70
10
100k
1M
FREQUENCY (Hz)
0
09582-023
–80
10k
10
5
–20
–30
–40
–60 AD5110
RAB = 10kΩ
–70
FULL SCALE
HALF SCALE
QUARTER SCALE
–80
10k
100k
1M
10M
FREQUENCY (Hz)
09582-024
–50
AD5110
AD5112
AD5114
60
30
15
90
60
30
0
1
2
3
VDD (V)
4
5
6
Figure 27. Incremental Wiper On Resistance vs. VDD
0
5kΩ
10kΩ
80kΩ
VDD = 5V,
VA = 2.5V + 1VRMS
VB = 2.5V
CODE = HALF SCALE
NOISE FILTER = 22kHz
5.5V
5V
3.3V
2.7V
2.3V
120
0
5kΩ
10kΩ
80kΩ
VDD = 5V,
VA = 2.5V + VIN
–10 VB = 2.5V
fIN = 1kHz
–20 CODE = HALF SCALE
NOISE FILTER = 22kHz
–30
–30
THD + N (dB)
–40
–50
–60
–40
–50
–60
–70
–70
–90
–80
–100
20
200
2k
FREQUENCY (Hz)
20k
200k
09582-025
–80
Figure 25. Total Harmonic Distortion + Noise (THD + N) vs. Frequency
–90
0.001
0.01
0.1
AMPLITUDE (V rms)
1
09582-028
THD + N (dB)
50
25
TEMPERATURE = 25°C
Figure 24. Normalized Phase Flatness vs. Frequency
–20
40
20
10
CODE (Decimal)
09582-027
INCREMENTAL WIPER ON RESISTANCE (Ω)
–10
0
30
15
150
0
–10
20
10
5
Figure 26. Maximum Bandwidth vs. Code vs. Net Capacitance
Figure 23. 80 kΩ Gain vs. Frequency vs. Code
PHASE (Degrees)
0
0
0
Figure 28. Total Harmonic Distortion + Noise (THD + N) vs. Amplitude
Rev. 0 | Page 16 of 28
09582-026
AD5110 (AD5112) [AD5114]
Data Sheet
AD5110/AD5112/AD5114
0.25
0.2
0.1
VOLTAGE (mV)
0.20
0.15
0.10
0
–0.1
0.05
–0.2
0
–0.3
–0.05
–0.4
3
7
5
TIME (µs)
9
–0.5
10kΩ
80kΩ
5kΩ
0
0.6
Figure 29. Maximum Transition Glitch
0
1.0
–10
CUMULATIVE PROBABILITY
1.2
0.0015
0.6
0.0010
0.4
0.0005
300
400
500
–40
–70
09582-051
200
–30
–60
0
100
600
RESISTOR DRIFT (ppm)
1k
Figure 30. Resistor Lifetime Drift
–10
7
5kΩ
10kΩ
80kΩ
–30
–40
–50
VDD = 5V ± 10% AC
VA = 4V
VB = GND
HALF SCALE
TA = 25°C
100
1k
10k
100k
1M
FREQUENCY (Hz)
5
4
3
2
1
09582-031
–60
10M
10kΩ
80kΩ
5kΩ
6
–20
–70
10
10k
1M
FREQUENCY (Hz)
Figure 33. Shutdown Isolation vs. Frequency
THEORETICAL IMAX (mA)
0
5kΩ
10kΩ
80kΩ
–50
0.2
0
2.5
–20
GAIN (dB)
0.8
PSRR (dB)
PROBABILITY DENSITY
0.0020
–600 –500 –400 –300 –200 –100
1.8
Figure 32. Digital Feedthrough
0.0025
0
1.2
TIME (µs)
0
0
0
0
20
10
5
40
20
10
60
80
30
40
15
20
CODE (Decimal)
100
50
25
120 AD5110
60 AD5112
30 AD5114
Figure 34. Theoretical Maximum Current vs. Code
Figure 31. Power Supply Rejection Ratio (PSRR) vs. Frequency
Rev. 0 | Page 17 of 28
09582-034
1
09582-029
–0.10
–1
VDD = 5V
VA = VDD
VB = GND
0.3
09582-032
0.30
RELATIVE VOLTAGE (V)
0.4
VDD = 5V
VA = VDD
VB = GND
5kΩ
10kΩ
80kΩ
09582-033
0.35
AD5110/AD5112/AD5114
Data Sheet
TEST CIRCUITS
Figure 35 to Figure 40 define the test conditions used in the Specifications section.
NC
IW
VA
B
A
W
V+ ~
VMS
B
09582-035
Figure 35. Resistor Position Nonlinearity Error
(Rheostat Operation: R-INL, R-DNL)
PSS (%/%) =
VMS
Figure 38. Power Supply Sensitivity (PSS, PSRR)
+15V
A
V+ = VDD
1LSB = V+/2N
DUT
A
B
W
VIN
W
DUT
B
OFFSET
GND
VMS
09582-036
V+
Figure 39. Gain and Phase vs. Frequency
GND
VDD
GND
VDD
DUT
A
0.1V
GND
–
GND TO VDD
NC = NO CONNECT
B
VDD
09582-037
IWB
ICM
W
+
B
VOUT
–15V
0.1V
IWB
RW =
DUT
A
W
AD8652
2.5V
Figure 36. Potentiometer Divider Nonlinearity Error (INL, DNL)
NC
ΔVMS%
ΔVDD%
09582-039
NC = NO CONNECT
V+ = VDD ± 10%
ΔVMS
PSRR (dB) = 20 log ΔV
DD
09582-038
VDD
VDD
Figure 37. Wiper Resistance
GND
09582-040
DUT
A
W
Figure 40. Common-Mode Leakage Current
Rev. 0 | Page 18 of 28
Data Sheet
AD5110/AD5112/AD5114
THEORY OF OPERATION
The AD5110/AD5112/AD5114 digital programmable resistors
are designed to operate as true variable resistors for analog
signals within the terminal voltage range of GND < VTERM <
VDD. The resistor wiper position is determined by the RDAC
register contents. The RDAC register acts as a scratchpad
register that allows unlimited changes of resistance settings.
The RDAC register can be programmed with any position
setting using the I2C interface. Once a desirable wiper position
is found, this value can be stored in the EEPROM memory.
Thereafter, the wiper position is always restored to that position
for subsequent power-up. The storing of EEPROM data takes
approximately 18 ms; during this time, the device is locked and
does not acknowledge any new command, thus preventing any
changes from taking place.
I2C SERIAL DATA INTERFACE
The AD5110/AD5112/AD5114 have 2-wire I2C-compatible
serial interfaces. These devices can be connected to an I2C bus
as a slave device under the control of a master device. See
Figure 3 for a timing diagram of a typical write sequence.
The AD5110/AD5112/AD5114 support standard (100 kHz) and
fast (400 kHz) data transfer modes. Support is not provided for
10-bit addressing and general call addressing.
The 2-wire serial bus protocol operates as follows:
1.
RDAC REGISTER AND EEPROM
The RDAC register directly controls the position of the digital
potentiometer wiper. For example, when the RDAC register is
loaded with 0x3F (128-taps), the wiper is connected to full scale
of the variable resistor. The RDAC register is a standard logic
register; there is no restriction on the number of changes
allowed.
It is possible to both write to and read from the RDAC register
using the I2C interface (see Table 10).
The contents of the RDAC register can be stored to the
EEPROM using Command 1 (Table 10). Thereafter, the
RDAC register is always set at that position for any future
on-off-on power supply sequence. It is possible to read back
the data saved into the EEPROM with Command 6 in Table 10.
In addition, the resistor tolerance error is saved within the
EEPROM; this can be read back and used to calculate the endto-end tolerance, providing an accuracy of 0.1%.
2.
3.
4.
Low Wiper Resistance Feature
The AD5110/AD5112/AD5114 include extra steps to achieve a
minimum resistance between Terminal W and Terminal A or
Terminal B. These extra steps are called bottom scale and top
scale. At bottom scale, the typical wiper resistance decreases
from 70 Ω to 45 Ω. At top scale, the resistance between
Terminal A and Terminal W is decreased by 1 LSB, and the
total resistance is reduced to 70 Ω. The extra steps are not equal
to 1 LSB and are not included in the INL, DNL, R-INL, and
R-DNL specifications.
The master initiates data transfer by establishing a start
condition, which is when a high-to-low transition on the
SDA line occurs while SCL is high. The following byte is
the address byte, which consists of the 7-bit slave address
and an R/W bit. The slave device corresponding to the
transmitted address responds by pulling SDA low during
the ninth clock pulse (this is termed the acknowledge bit).
At this stage, all other devices on the bus remain idle while
the selected device waits for data to be written to, or read
from, its shift register.
If the R/W bit is set high, the master reads from the slave
device. However, if the R/W bit is set low, the master writes
to the slave device.
Data is transmitted over the serial bus in sequences of nine
clock pulses (eight data bits followed by an acknowledge
bit). The transitions on the SDA line must occur during
the low period of SCL and remain stable during the high
period of SCL.
When all data bits have been read or written, a stop
condition is established. In write mode, the master pulls
the SDA line high during the 10th clock pulse to establish
a stop condition. In read mode, the master issues a no
acknowledge for the ninth clock pulse (that is, the SDA line
remains high). The master brings the SDA line low before
the 10th clock pulse, and high during the 10th clock pulse to
establish a stop condition.
I2C Address
The AD5110/AD5112/AD5114 each have two different slave
address options available. See Table 9 for a list of slave addresses.
Table 9. Device Address Selection
Model
AD511X1 BCPZ Y2
AD511X1 BCPZ Y2-1
1
2
Model.
Resistance.
Rev. 0 | Page 19 of 28
7-Bit I2C Device Address
0101111
0101100
AD5110/AD5112/AD5114
Data Sheet
INPUT SHIFT REGISTER
The three control bits determine the function of the software
command (Table 10). Figure 3 shows a timing diagram of a
typical AD5110/AD5112/AD5114 write sequence.
For the AD5110/AD5112/AD5114, the input shift register is
16 bits wide (see Figure 2). The 16-bit word consists of five
unused bits (should be set to zero), followed by three control
bits, and eight RDAC data bits. If the RDAC register is read from
or written to in the AD5112, Bit DB0 is a don’t care. The RDAC
register is read from or written to in the AD5114, Bit DB0 and
DB1 are don’t cares. Data is loaded MSB first (Bit DB15).
The command bits (Cx) control the operation of the digital
potentiometer and the internal EEPROM. The data bits (Dx)
are the values that are loaded into the decoded register.
Table 10. Command Operation Truth Table
Command
DB10
DB8
C2
C1 C0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
Data1
3
0
1
1
DB7
D7
X
X
7
MSB
1
1
X
4
5
6
1
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
X
X
X
Command
Number
0
1
2
1
2
3
D6
X
X
6
D5
X
X
5
D4
X
X
4
D3
X
X
3
D2
X
X
2
D1
X
X
12
0
1
X
0
1
X
0
1
X
0
1
X
0
1
X
0
1
X
DB0
D0
X
X
02, 3
LSB
0
1
A0
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
A1
X
X
A0
X is don’t care.
In the AD5114, this bit is a don’t care.
In the AD5112, this bit is a don’t care.
Rev. 0 | Page 20 of 28
Operation
No operation
Write contents of RDAC register to EEPROM
Write contents of serial register data to RDAC
Top scale
Bottom scale
Software shutdown
0: shutdown off
1: shutdown on
Software reset: refresh RDAC register with EEPROM
Read contents of RDAC register
Read contents of EEPROM
A1
A0
Data
0
0
Wiper position saved
0
1
Resistor tolerance
Data Sheet
AD5110/AD5112/AD5114
WRITE OPERATION
these data bytes are acknowledged by the AD5110/AD5112/
AD5114. A stop condition follows. The write operations for
the AD5110/AD5112/AD5114 are shown in Figure 41,
Figure 42, and Figure 43.
When writing to the AD5110/AD5112/AD5114, the user
must begin with a start command followed by an address
byte (R/W = 0), after which the AD5110/AD5112/AD5114
acknowledge that it is prepared to receive data by pulling
SDA low.
A repeated write function gives the user flexibility to update
the device a number of times after addressing the part only
once, as shown in Figure 44.
Two bytes of data are then written to the DAC, the most
significant byte, followed by the least significant byte. Both of
1
9
1
9
SCL
SDA
0
1
0
1
1
A1
A0
R/W
0
0
0
0
0
C2
C1
C0
ACK. BY
AD5110
START BY
MASTER
ACK. BY
AD5110
FRAME 2
MOST SIGNIFICANT DATA BYTE
FRAME 1
SERIAL BUS ADDRESS BYTE
9
9
1
SCL (CONTINUED)
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
ACK. BY STOP BY
AD5110 MASTER
FRAME 3
LEAST SIGNIFICANT DATA BYTE
09582-041
SDA (CONTINUED)
Figure 41. AD5110 Interface Write Command
1
9
1
9
SCL
0
1
0
1
1
A1
A0
R/W
0
0
0
0
0
C2
C1
C0
ACK. BY
AD5112
START BY
MASTER
ACK. BY
AD5112
FRAME 2
MOST SIGNIFICANT DATA BYTE
FRAME 1
SERIAL BUS ADDRESS BYTE
9
9
1
SCL (CONTINUED)
SDA (CONTINUED)
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
0
ACK. BY STOP BY
AD5112 MASTER
FRAME 3
LEAST SIGNIFICANT DATA BYTE
Figure 42. AD5112 Interface Write Command
Rev. 0 | Page 21 of 28
09582-042
SDA
AD5110/AD5112/AD5114
Data Sheet
1
9
1
9
SCL
1
0
SDA
0
1
1
A1
A0
R/W
0
0
0
0
0
C2
C1
C0
ACK. BY
AD5114
ACK. BY
AD5114
START BY
MASTER
FRAME 2
MOST SIGNIFICANT DATA BYTE
FRAME 1
SERIAL BUS ADDRESS BYTE
9
9
1
SCL (CONTINUED)
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
0
0
ACK. BY STOP BY
AD5114 MASTER
FRAME 3
LEAST SIGNIFICANT DATA BYTE
09582-043
SDA (CONTINUED)
Figure 43. AD5114 Interface Write Command
1
9
1
9
SCL
0
1
0
1
1
A1
A0
R/W
START BY
MASTER
0
0
0
0
0
C2
C1
C0
ACK. BY
AD5110
ACK. BY
AD5110
FRAME 1
SERIAL BUS ADDRESS BYTE
FRAME 2
MOST SIGNIFICANT DATA BYTE
9
9
1
SCL (CONTINUED)
SDA (CONTINUED)
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
ACK. BY
AD5110
FRAME 3
LEAST SIGNIFICANT DATA BYTE
9
1
9
SCL (CONTINUED)
0
SDA (CONTINUED)
0
0
0
0
C2
C1
C0
ACK. BY
AD5110
FRAME 4
MOST SIGNIFICANT DATA BYTE
9
1
9
SCL (CONTINUED)
SDA (CONTINUED)
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
ACK. BY STOP BY
AD5110 MASTER
FRAME 5
LEAST SIGNIFICANT DATA BYTE
Figure 44. AD5110 Interface Multiple Write
Rev. 0 | Page 22 of 28
09582-044
SDA
Data Sheet
AD5110/AD5112/AD5114
the RDAC register, EEPROM memory. The user can then read
back the data. This begins with a start command followed by an
address byte (R/W = 1), after which the device acknowledges
that it is prepared to transmit data by pulling SDA low. Two
bytes of data are then read from the device, which are both
acknowledged by the master, as shown in Figure 45. A stop
condition follows. If the master does not acknowledge the first
byte, then the second byte is not transmitted by the AD5110/
AD5112/AD5114.
EEPROM WRITE ACKNOWLEGDE POLLING
After each write operation to the EEPROM, an internal write
cycle begins. The I2C interface of the device is disabled. To
determine if the internal write cycle is complete and the I2C
interface is enabled, interface polling can be executed. I2C
interface polling can be conducted by sending a start condition,
followed by the slave address and the write bit. If the I2C
interface responds with an acknowledge, the write cycle is
complete, and the interface is ready to proceed with further
operations. Otherwise, I2C interface polling can be repeated
until it succeeds.
The AD5110/AD5112/AD5114 does not support repeat
readback.
READ OPERATION
RESET
The AD5110/AD5112/AD5114 allow read back of the contents
of the RDAC register and EEPROM memory through the I2C
interface by using Command 6 (see Table 10).
The AD5110/AD5112/AD5114 can be reset by executing
Command 4 (see Table 10). The reset command loads the
RDAC register with the contents of the EEPROM and takes
approximately 25 µs. EEPROM is pre-loaded to midscale at the
factory, and initial power-up is, accordingly, at midscale.
When reading data back from the AD5110/AD5112/AD5114,
the user must first issue a readback command to the device.
This begins with a start command, followed by an address
byte (R/W = 0), after which the AD5110/AD5112/AD5114
acknowledges that it is prepared to receive data by pulling
SDA low.
SHUTDOWN MODE
The AD5110/AD5112/AD5114 can be shut down by executing
the software shutdown command, Command 3 (see Table 10).
This feature places the RDAC in a zero-power-consumption
state where Terminal A is open-circuited and the wiper,
Terminal W is connected to Terminal B but a finite wiper
resistance of 45 Ω is present. The part can be taken out of
shutdown mode by executing Command 3 (see Table 10)
and setting Bit DB0 to 0.
Two bytes of data are then written to the AD5110/AD5112/
AD5114, the most significant byte followed by the least
significant byte. Both of these data bytes are acknowledged by
the AD5110/AD5112/AD5114. A stop condition follows. These
bytes contain the read instruction, which enables readback of
1
9
1
9
SCL
SDA
0
1
0
1
1
A1
A0
R/W
0
0
0
0
0
C2
C1
C0
ACK. BY
AD5110
START BY
MASTER
ACK. BY
AD5110
FRAME 2
MOST SIGNIFICANT DATA BYTE
FRAME 1
SERIAL BUS ADDRESS BYTE
9
9
1
SCL (CONTINUED)
SDA (CONTINUED)
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
ACK. BY
AD5110
STOP BY
MASTER
FRAME 3
LEAST SIGNIFICANT DATA BYTE
1
9
1
9
SCL
0
1
0
1
1
A1
A0
R/W
0
0
0
0
0
C2
C1
ACK. BY
AD5110
START BY
MASTER
NO ACK. STOP BY
BY MASTER MASTER
FRAME 2
MOST SIGNIFICANT DATA BYTE
FRAME 1
SERIAL BUS ADDRESS BYTE
Figure 45. AD5110 Interface Read Command
Rev. 0 | Page 23 of 28
C0
09582-045
SDA
AD5110/AD5112/AD5114
Data Sheet
RDAC ARCHITECTURE
PROGRAMMING THE VARIABLE RESISTOR
To achieve optimum performance, Analog Devices, Inc., has
patented the RDAC segmentation architecture for all the digital
potentiometers. In particular, the AD5110/AD5112/AD5114
employ a two-stage segmentation approach as shown in
Figure 46. The AD5110/AD5112/AD5114 wiper switch is
designed with the transmission gate CMOS topology and with
the gate voltage derived from VDD.
Rheostat Operation—±8% Resistor Tolerance
The AD5110/AD5112/AD5114 operate in rheostat mode when
only two terminals are used as a variable resistor. The unused
terminal can be floating or tied to the Terminal W as shown in
Figure 47.
A
A
A
W
A
W
W
B
B
RL
B
09582-047
TS
Figure 47. Rheostat Mode Configuration
The nominal resistance between Terminal A and Terminal B,
RAB, is available in 5 kΩ, 10 kΩ, and 80 kΩ and has 32/64/128
tap points accessed by the wiper terminal. The 5-/6-/7-bit data
in the RDAC latch is decoded to select one of the 32/64/128
possible wiper settings. The general equations for determining
the digitally programmed output resistance between the W
terminal and B terminal are
RL
RS
W
RS
6-BIT/7-BIT/8-BIT
ADDRESS
DECODER
AD5110:
RWB  R BS
RL
RWB (D ) 
RL
BS
Bottom scale (0xFF) (1)
D
 R AB  RW
128
From 0x00 to 0x80 (2)
AD5112:
RWB  R BS
09582-046
B
Figure 46. AD5110/AD5112/AD5114 Simplified RDAC Circuit
RWB (D ) 
Bottom scale (0xFF) (3)
D
 R AB  RW
64
From 0x00 to 0x40 (4)
AD5114:
RWB  RBS
Top Scale/Bottom Scale Architecture
In addition, the AD5110/AD5112/AD5114 include a new
feature to reduce the resistance between terminals. These extra
steps are called bottom scale and top scale. At bottom scale, the
typical wiper resistance decreases from 70 Ω to 45 Ω. At top
scale, the resistance between Terminal A and Terminal W is
decreased by 1 LSB, and the total resistance is reduced to 70 Ω.
The extra steps are not equal to 1 LSB and are not included in
the INL, DNL, R-INL, and R-DNL specifications.
RWB (D ) 
Bottom scale (0xFF) (5)
D
 RAB  RW
32
From 0x00 to 0x20 (6)
where:
D is the decimal equivalent of the binary code in the 5-/6-/7-bit
RDAC register.
RAB is the end-to-end resistance.
RW is the wiper resistance.
RBS is the wiper resistance at bottom scale
Rev. 0 | Page 24 of 28
Data Sheet
AD5110/AD5112/AD5114
Similar to the mechanical potentiometer, the resistance of
the RDAC between the W terminal and the A terminal also
produces a digitally controlled complementary resistance, RWA.
RWA also gives a maximum of 8% absolute resistance error. RWA
starts at the maximum resistance value and decreases as the
data loaded into the latch increases. The general equations for
this operation are
Table 11. Tolerance Format
AD5110:
if,
DB[7] is 0 = negative
DB[6:3] is 1010 = 10
DB[2:0] is 010 = 2 × 2−3 = 0.25
RAW = RAB + RW
128 − D
× RAB + RW
128
RAW = RTS
From 0x00 to 0x7F (8)
Top scale (0x80) (9)
RAW = RAB + RW
64 − D
× RAB + RW
64
RAW = RTS
Bottom scale (0xFF) (10)
From 0x00 to 0x3F (11)
Top scale (0x40) (12)
AD5114:
RAW = RAB + RW
RAW (D ) =
RAW = RTS
Data Byte
DB4 DB3
22
21
DB5
23
.
DB2
2-1
DB1
2-2
DB0
2-3
For example, if RAB = 10 kΩ and the data readback shows
01010010, the end-to-end resistance can be calculated as,
then,
tolerance = −10.25% and, therefore, RAB = 8.975 kΩ
PROGRAMMING THE POTENTIOMETER DIVIDER
AD5112:
RAW (D ) =
DB6
24
32 − D
× RAB + RW
32
Voltage Output Operation
The digital potentiometer easily generates a voltage divider at
wiper-to-B and wiper-to-A that is proportional to the input
voltage at A to B, as shown in Figure 48. Unlike the polarity of
VDD to GND, which must be positive, voltage across A-to-B, Wto-A, and W-to-B can be at either polarity.
VI
Bottom scale (0xFF) (13)
A
W
From 0x00 to 0x1F (14)
VO
B
Top scale (0x20) (15)
where:
D is the decimal equivalent of the binary code in the 5-/6-/7-bit
RDAC register.
RAB is the end-to-end resistance.
RW is the wiper resistance.
RTS is the wiper resistance at top scale.
In the bottom-scale condition or top-scale condition, a finite
total wiper resistance of 45 Ω is present. Regardless of which
setting the part is operating in, take care to limit the current
between Terminal A to Terminal B, Terminal W to Terminal A,
and Terminal W to Terminal B, to the maximum continuous
current of ±6 mA or to the pulse current specified in Table 6.
Otherwise, degradation or possible destruction of the internal
switch contact can occur.
Calculating the Actual End-to-End Resistance
The resistance tolerance is stored in the internal memory
during factory testing. The actual end-to-end resistance can,
therefore, be calculated, which is valuable for calibration,
tolerance matching, and precision applications.
09582-048
RAW (D ) =
Bottom scale (0xFF) (7)
DB7
Sign
Figure 48. Potentiometer Mode Configuration
Connecting Terminal A to 5 V and Terminal B to ground
produces an output voltage at the Wiper W to Terminal B
ranging from 0 V to 5 V. The general equation defining the
output voltage at VW with respect to ground for any valid input
voltage applied to Terminal A and Terminal B, is:
VW (D ) =
R (D )
RWB (D )
× VA + AW
× VB
RAB
RAB
(16)
where:
RWB(D) can be obtained from Equation 1 to Equation 6.
RAW(D) can be obtained from Equation 7 to Equation 15.
Operation of the digital potentiometer in the divider mode
results in a more accurate operation over temperature. Unlike
the rheostat mode, the output voltage is dependent mainly on
the ratio of the internal resistors, RAW and RWB, and not the
absolute values. Therefore, the temperature drift reduces to
5 ppm/°C.
The resistance tolerance in percentage is stored in fixed-point
format, using an 8-bit sign magnitude binary. The data can be
read back by executing Command 6 and setting Bit DB0 (A0).
The MSB is the sign bit (0 = − and 1 = +) and the next four bits
are the integer part, the fractional part is represented by the
three LSBs, as shown in Table 11.
Rev. 0 | Page 25 of 28
AD5110/AD5112/AD5114
Data Sheet
TERMINAL VOLTAGE OPERATING RANGE
The AD5110/AD5112/AD5114 are designed with internal
ESD diodes for protection. These diodes also set the voltage
boundary of the terminal operating voltages. Positive signals
present on Terminal A, Terminal B, or Terminal W that
exceed VDD are clamped by the forward-biased diode. There
is no polarity constraint between VA, VW, and VB, but they
cannot be higher than VDD or lower than GND.
A
W
GND
09582-049
B
LAYOUT AND POWER SUPPLY BIASING
It is always a good practice to use compact, minimum lead
length layout design. The leads to the input should be as direct
as possible with a minimum conductor length. Ground paths
should have low resistance and low inductance. It is also good
practice to bypass the power supplies with quality capacitors.
Low equivalent series resistance (ESR) 1 μF to 10 μF tantalum
or electrolytic capacitors should be applied at the supplies to
minimize any transient disturbance and to filter low frequency
ripple. Figure 50 illustrates the basic supply bypassing
configuration for the AD5110/AD5112/AD5114.
Figure 49. Maximum Terminal Voltages Set by VDD and GND
AD5110/
AD5112/
AD5114
POWER-UP SEQUENCE
Because there are diodes to limit the voltage compliance at
Terminal A, Terminal B, and Terminal W (Figure 49), it is
important to power VDD first before applying any voltage
to Terminal A, Terminal B, and Terminal W. Otherwise,
the diode is forward-biased such that VDD is powered
unintentionally. The ideal power-up sequence is GND,
VDD, VLOGIC, digital inputs, and VA, VB, and VW. The order
VDD
+
C2
10µF
C1
0.1µF
VDD
VLOGIC
C3
0.1µF
GND
Figure 50. Power Supply Bypassing
Rev. 0 | Page 26 of 28
C4
10µF
+
VLOGIC
09582-050
VDD
of powering VA, VB, VW, and digital inputs is not important as
long as they are powered after VDD and VLOGIC. Regardless of the
power-up sequence and the ramp rates of the power supplies,
once VLOGIC is powered, the power-on preset activates, which
restores EEPROM values to the RDAC registers.
Data Sheet
AD5110/AD5112/AD5114
OUTLINE DIMENSIONS
1.70
1.60
1.50
2.00
BSC SQ
0.50 BSC
8
5
PIN 1 INDEX
AREA
1.10
1.00
0.90
EXPOSED
PAD
0.425
0.350
0.275
1
4
TOP VIEW
0.60
0.55
0.50
FOR PROPER CONNECTION OF
THE EXPOSED PAD, REFER TO
THE PIN CONFIGURATION AND
FUNCTION DESCRIPTIONS
SECTION OF THIS DATA SHEET.
0.05 MAX
0.02 NOM
0.30
0.25
0.20
PIN 1
INDICATOR
(R 0.15)
0.20 REF
063009-A
SEATING
PLANE
BOTTOM VIEW
Figure 51. 8-Lead Frame Chip Scale Package[LFCSP_UD]
2.00 mm × 2.00 mm Body, Ultra Thin, Dual Lead
(CP-8-10)
Dimensions shown in millimeters
ORDERING GUIDE
Model 1
AD5110BCPZ10-RL7
AD5110BCPZ10-500R7
AD5110BCPZ10-1-RL7
AD5110BCPZ80-RL7
AD5110BCPZ80-500R7
AD5110BCPZ80-1-RL7
AD5112BCPZ5-RL7
AD5112BCPZ5-500R7
AD5112BCPZ5-1-RL7
AD5112BCPZ10-RL7
AD5112BCPZ10-500R7
AD5112BCPZ10-1-RL7
AD5112BCPZ80-RL7
AD5112BCPZ80-500R7
AD5112BCPZ80-1-RL7
AD5114BCPZ10-RL7
AD5114BCPZ10-500R7
AD5114BCPZ10-1-RL7
AD5114BCPZ80-RL7
AD5114BCPZ80-500R7
AD5114BCPZ80-1-RL7
EVAL-AD5110SDZ
1
RAB (kΩ)
10
10
10
80
80
80
5
5
5
10
10
10
80
80
80
10
10
10
80
80
80
Resolution
128
128
128
128
128
128
64
64
64
64
64
64
64
64
64
32
32
32
32
32
32
Temperature
Range
−40°C to +125°C
−40°C to +125°C
−40°C to +125°C
−40°C to +125°C
−40°C to +125°C
−40°C to +125°C
−40°C to +125°C
−40°C to +125°C
−40°C to +125°C
−40°C to +125°C
−40°C to +125°C
−40°C to +125°C
−40°C to +125°C
−40°C to +125°C
−40°C to +125°C
−40°C to +125°C
−40°C to +125°C
−40°C to +125°C
−40°C to +125°C
−40°C to +125°C
−40°C to +125°C
Package
Description
8-Lead LFCSP_UD
8-Lead LFCSP_UD
8-Lead LFCSP_UD
8-Lead LFCSP_UD
8-Lead LFCSP_UD
8-Lead LFCSP_UD
8-Lead LFCSP_UD
8-Lead LFCSP_UD
8-Lead LFCSP_UD
8-Lead LFCSP_UD
8-Lead LFCSP_UD
8-Lead LFCSP_UD
8-Lead LFCSP_UD
8-Lead LFCSP_UD
8-Lead LFCSP_UD
8-Lead LFCSP_UD
8-Lead LFCSP_UD
8-Lead LFCSP_UD
8-Lead LFCSP_WD
8-Lead LFCSP_WD
8-Lead LFCSP_WD
Evaluation Board
Z = RoHS Compliant Part.
Rev. 0 | Page 27 of 28
I2C Address
0101111
0101111
0101100
0101111
0101111
0101100
0101111
0101111
0101100
0101111
0101111
0101100
0101111
0101111
0101100
0101111
0101111
0101100
0101111
0101111
0101100
Package
Option
CP-8-10
CP-8-10
CP-8-10
CP-8-10
CP-8-10
CP-8-10
CP-8-10
CP-8-10
CP-8-10
CP-8-10
CP-8-10
CP-8-10
CP-8-10
CP-8-10
CP-8-10
CP-8-10
CP-8-10
CP-8-10
CP-8-10
CP-8-10
CP-8-10
Branding
4J
4J
4H
4L
4L
4K
7P
7P
7N
7L
7L
7K
7R
7R
7Q
81
81
80
83
83
82
AD5110/AD5112/AD5114
Data Sheet
NOTES
I2C refers to a communications protocol originally developed by Philips Semiconductors (now NXP Semiconductors).
©2011 Analog Devices, Inc. All rights reserved. Trademarks and
registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners.
D09582-0-10/11(0)
Rev. 0 | Page 28 of 28