MAX3243 3-V TO 5.5-V MULTICHANNEL RS-232 LINE DRIVER/RECEIVER WITH ±15-kV ESD (HBM) PROTECTION SLLS350E – APRIL 1999 – REVISED OCTOBER 2000 D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D DB, DW, OR PW PACKAGE (TOP VIEW) Single-Chip and Single-Supply Interface for IBM PC/AT Serial Port Meets or Exceeds the Requirements of TIA/EIA-232-F and ITU v.28 Standards Operates With 3-V to 5.5-V VCC Supply Always-Active Noninverting Receiver Output (ROUT2B) Operates up to 250 kbit/s Designed to Transmit at a Data Rate of 250 kbit/s Low Standby Current . . . 1 µA Typical External Capacitors . . . 4 × 0.1 µF Accepts 5-V Logic Input With 3.3-V Supply Designed to Be Interchangeable With Maxim MAX3243 Serial-Mouse Driveability RS-232 Bus-Pin ESD Protection Exceeds ±15-kV Using Human-Body Model (HBM) Auto-Powerdown Feature to Disable Driver Outputs When No Valid RS-232 Signal Is Sensed Applications – Battery-Powered Systems, PDAs, Notebooks, Laptops, Palmtop PCs, and Hand-Held Equipment Package Options Include Plastic Small-Outline (DW), Shrink Small-Outline (DB), and Thin Shrink Small-Outline (PW) Packages C2+ C2– V– RIN1 RIN2 RIN3 RIN4 RIN5 DOUT1 DOUT2 DOUT3 DIN3 DIN2 DIN1 1 28 2 27 3 26 4 25 5 24 6 23 7 22 8 21 9 20 10 19 11 18 12 17 13 16 14 15 C1+ V+ VCC GND C1– FORCEON FORCEOFF INVALID ROUT2B ROUT1 ROUT2 ROUT3 ROUT4 ROUT5 description The MAX3243 device consists of three line drivers, five line receivers, and a dual charge-pump circuit with ±15-kV ESD (HBM) protection pin to pin (serial-port connection pins, including GND). The device meets the requirements of TIA/EIA-232-F and provides the electrical interface between an asynchronous communication controller and the serial-port connector. This combination of drivers and receivers matches that needed for the typical serial port used in an IBM PC/AT, or compatible. The charge pump and four small external capacitors allow operation from a single 3-V to 5.5-V supply. In addition, the device includes an always-active noninverting output (ROUT2B), which allows applications using the ring indicator to transmit data while the device is powered down. The device operates at data signaling rates up to 250 kbit/s and a maximum of 30-V/µs driver output slew rate. Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of Texas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet. AT, IBM, and PC are trademarks of International Business Machines Corporation. Copyright 2000, Texas Instruments Incorporated PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date. Products conform to specifications per the terms of Texas Instruments standard warranty. Production processing does not necessarily include testing of all parameters. POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 1 MAX3243 3-V TO 5.5-V MULTICHANNEL RS-232 LINE DRIVER/RECEIVER WITH ±15-kV ESD (HBM) PROTECTION SLLS350E – APRIL 1999 – REVISED OCTOBER 2000 description (continued) Flexible control options for power management are available when the serial port is inactive. The auto-powerdown feature functions when FORCEON is low and FORCEOFF is high. During this mode of operation, if the device does not sense a valid RS-232 signal, the driver outputs are disabled. If FORCEOFF is set low, both drivers and receivers (except ROUT2B) are shut off, and the supply current is reduced to 1 µA. Disconnecting the serial port or turning off the peripheral drivers causes the auto-powerdown condition to occur. Auto-powerdown can be disabled when FORCEON and FORCEOFF are high, and should be done when driving a serial mouse. With auto-powerdown enabled, the device is activated automatically when a valid signal is applied to any receiver input. The INVALID output is used to notify the user if an RS-232 signal is present at any receiver input. INVALID is high (valid data) if any receiver input voltage is greater than 2.7 V or less than –2.7 V or has been between –0.3 V and 0.3 V for less than 30 µs. INVALID is low (invalid data) if all receiver input voltages are between –0.3 V and 0.3 V for more than 30 µs. Refer to Figure 5 for receiver input levels. The MAX3243C is characterized for operation from 0°C to 70°C. The MAX3243I is characterized for operation from –40°C to 85°C. AVAILABLE OPTIONS PACKAGED DEVICES TA SHRINK SMALL OUTLINE (DB) SMALL OUTLINE (DW) THIN SHRINK SMALL OUTLINE (PW) 0°C to 70°C MAX3243CDBR MAX3243CDW MAX3243CPWR –40°C to 85°C MAX3243IDBR MAX3243IDW MAX3243IPWR The DB and PW packages are only available taped and reeled. The DW package is also available taped and reeled. Add the suffix R to device type (e.g., MAX3243CDWR). Function Tables EACH DRIVER INPUTS OUTPUT DOUT DRIVER STATUS X Z Powered off Normal operation with auto-powerdown disabled DIN FORCEON FORCEOFF VALID RIN RS-232 LEVEL X X L L H H X H H H H X L L L H Yes H H L H Yes L L L H No Z H L H No Z H = high level, L = low level, X = irrelevant, Z = high impedance 2 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 Normal operation with auto-powerdown enabled Powered off by y auto-powerdown feature MAX3243 3-V TO 5.5-V MULTICHANNEL RS-232 LINE DRIVER/RECEIVER WITH ±15-kV ESD (HBM) PROTECTION SLLS350E – APRIL 1999 – REVISED OCTOBER 2000 EACH RECEIVER INPUTS RIN2 RIN1, RIN3–RIN5 L H OUTPUTS FORCEOFF VALID RIN RS-232 LEVEL X L X L L L L H H L ROUT2B ROUT X L Z X H Z H Yes L H H Yes L L H Yes H H H H H Yes H L Open Open H No L H RECEIVER STATUS Powered off while ROUT2B is active Normal o operation eration with auto-powerdown disabled/enabled di bl d/ bl d H = high level, L = low level, X = irrelevant, Z = high impedance (off), Open = input disconnected or connected driver off logic diagram (positive logic) DIN1 DIN2 DIN3 FORCEOFF FORCEON ROUT1 ROUT2B ROUT2 ROUT3 ROUT4 ROUT5 14 9 13 10 12 11 DOUT1 DOUT2 DOUT3 22 23 Auto-powerdown 19 21 4 INVALID RIN1 20 18 5 17 6 16 7 15 8 RIN2 RIN3 RIN4 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 RIN5 3 MAX3243 3-V TO 5.5-V MULTICHANNEL RS-232 LINE DRIVER/RECEIVER WITH ±15-kV ESD (HBM) PROTECTION SLLS350E – APRIL 1999 – REVISED OCTOBER 2000 absolute maximum ratings over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted)† Supply voltage range, VCC (see Note 1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.3 V to 6 V Positive output supply voltage range, V+ (see Note 1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.3 V to 7 V Negative output supply voltage range, V– (see Note 1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.3 V to –7 V Supply voltage difference, V+ – V– (see Note 1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 V Input voltage range, VI: Driver (FORCEOFF, FORCEON) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.3 V to 6 V Receiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –25 V to 25 V Output voltage range, VO: Driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –13.2 V to 13.2 V Receiver (INVALID) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.3 V to VCC + 0.3 V Package thermal impedance, θJA (see Note 2): DB package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62°C/W DW package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46°C/W PW package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62°C/W Lead temperature 1,6 mm (1/16 inch) from case for 10 seconds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260°C Storage temperature range, Tstg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –65°C to 150°C † Stresses beyond those listed under “absolute maximum ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under “recommended operating conditions” is not implied. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. NOTES: 1. All voltages are with respect to network GND. 2. The package thermal impedance is calculated in accordance with JESD 51-7. recommended operating conditions (see Note 3 and Figure 6) VCC = 3.3 V VCC = 5 V Supply voltage VIH Driver and control high high-level level input voltage DIN FORCEOFF DIN, FORCEOFF, FORCEON VIL VI Driver and control low-level input voltage DIN, FORCEOFF, FORCEON Driver and control input voltage DIN, FORCEOFF, FORCEON VI Receiver input voltage TA VCC = 3.3 V VCC = 5 V MAX3243C Operating free free-air air temperature MAX3243I MIN NOM MAX 3 3.3 3.6 4.5 5 5.5 2 UNIT V V 2.4 0.8 V 0 5.5 V –25 25 V 0 70 –40 85 °C NOTE 3: Test conditions are C1–C4 = 0.1 µF at VCC = 3.3 V ± 0.3 V; C1 = 0.047 µF, C2–C4 = 0.33 µF at VCC = 5 V ± 0.5 V. electrical characteristics over recommended ranges of supply voltage and operating free-air temperature (unless otherwise noted) (see Note 3 and Figure 6) PARAMETER II ICC Input leakage current Su ly current Supply (TA = 25°C) TEST CONDITIONS FORCEOFF, FORCEON MIN TYP‡ MAX ±0.01 ±1 µA 0.3 1 mA Auto-powerdown disabled No load, FORCEOFF and FORCEON at VCC Powered off No load, FORCEOFF at GND 1 10 Auto-powerdown enabled No load, FORCEOFF at VCC, FORCEON at GND, All RIN are open or grounded All DIN are grounded 1 10 ‡ All typical values are at VCC = 3.3 V or VCC = 5 V, and TA = 25°C. NOTE 3. Test conditions are C1–C4 = 0.1 µF at VCC = 3.3 V ± 0.3 V; C1 = 0.047 µF, C2–C4 = 0.33 µF at VCC = 5 V ± 0.5 V. 4 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 UNIT µA MAX3243 3-V TO 5.5-V MULTICHANNEL RS-232 LINE DRIVER/RECEIVER WITH ±15-kV ESD (HBM) PROTECTION SLLS350E – APRIL 1999 – REVISED OCTOBER 2000 DRIVER SECTION electrical characteristics over recommended ranges of supply voltage and operating free-air temperature (unless otherwise noted) (see Note 3 and Figure 6) MIN TYP† High-level output voltage All DOUT at RL = 3 kΩ to GND 5 5.4 V Low-level output voltage All DOUT at RL = 3 kΩ to GND –5 –5.4 V Output voltage (mouse driveability) DIN1 = DIN2 = GND, DIN3 = VCC, 3-kΩ to GND at DOUT3, DOUT1 = DOUT2 = 2.5 mA ±5 High-level input current VI = VCC VI at GND PARAMETER VOH VOL VO IIH IIL IOS Low-level input current Short circ it output o tp t current c rrent‡ Short-circuit TEST CONDITIONS VCC = 3.6 V, VCC = 5.5 V, VO = 0 V VO = 0 V MAX UNIT V ±0.01 ±1 µA ±0.01 ±1 µA ±35 ±60 mA Output resistance VCC, V+, and V– = 0 V, VO = ±2 V 300 10M Ω Ioff Output leakage current FORCEOFF = GND, VO = ±12 V, VCC = 0 to 5.5 V ±25 µA † All typical values are at VCC = 3.3 V or VCC = 5 V, and TA = 25°C. ‡ Short-circuit durations should be controlled to prevent exceeding the device absolute power dissipation ratings, and not more than one output should be shorted at a time. NOTE 3. Test conditions are C1–C4 = 0.1 µF at VCC = 3.3 V ± 0.3 V; C1 = 0.047 µF, C2–C4 = 0.33 µF at VCC = 5 V ± 0.5 V. ro switching characteristics over recommended ranges of supply voltage and operating free-air temperature (unless otherwise noted) (see Note 3 and Figure 6) PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS Maximum data rate CL = 1000 pF, One DOUT switching, RL = 3 kΩ, See Figure 1 tsk(p) Pulse skew§ CL = 150 pF to 2500 pF RL = 3 kΩ to 7 kΩ, See Figure 2 SR(tr) Slew rate, transition region g (see Figure 1) VCC = 3.3 V, RL = 3 kΩ to 7 kΩ MIN TYP† 150 250 kbit/s 100 ns MAX CL = 150 pF to 1000 pF 6 30 CL = 150 pF to 2500 pF 4 30 UNIT V/µs † All typical values are at VCC = 3.3 V or VCC = 5 V, and TA = 25°C. § Pulse skew is defined as |tPLH – tPHL| of each channel of the same device. NOTE 3. Test conditions are C1–C4 = 0.1 µF at VCC = 3.3 V ± 0.3 V; C1 = 0.047 µF, C2–C4 = 0.33 µF at VCC = 5 V ± 0.5 V. POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 5 MAX3243 3-V TO 5.5-V MULTICHANNEL RS-232 LINE DRIVER/RECEIVER WITH ±15-kV ESD (HBM) PROTECTION SLLS350E – APRIL 1999 – REVISED OCTOBER 2000 RECEIVER SECTION electrical characteristics over recommended ranges of supply voltage and operating free-air temperature (unless otherwise noted) (see Note 3 and Figure 6) PARAMETER VOH VOL MIN TYP† VCC – 0.6 V VCC – 0.1 V TEST CONDITIONS High-level output voltage IOH = –1 mA IOL = 1.6 mA Low-level output voltage VIT IT+ Positive going input threshold voltage Positive-going VCC = 3.3 V VCC = 5 V VIT IT– Negative going input threshold voltage Negative-going VCC = 3.3 V VCC = 5 V Vhys Ioff Input hysteresis (VIT+ – VIT–) MAX V 0.4 1.6 2.4 1.9 2.4 0.6 1.1 0.8 1.4 FORCEOFF = 0 V ±0.05 ri Input resistance VI = ±3 V to ±25 V 3 5 † All typical values are at VCC = 3.3 V or VCC = 5 V, and TA = 25°C. NOTE 3. Test conditions are C1–C4 = 0.1 µF at VCC = 3.3 V ± 0.3 V; C1 = 0.047 µF, C2–C4 = 0.33 µF at VCC = 5 V ± 0.5 V. V V V 0.5 Output leakage current (except ROUT2B) UNIT V ±10 µA 7 kΩ switching characteristics over recommended ranges of supply voltage and operating free-air temperature (unless otherwise noted) (see Note 3) PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS tPLH tPHL Propagation delay time, low- to high-level output ten tdis Output enable time Propagation delay time, high- to low-level output Output disable time CL = 150 pF, pF See Figure 3 CL = 150 pF, pF RL = 3 kΩ, kΩ See Figure 4 MIN TYP† POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 UNIT 150 ns 150 ns 200 ns 200 ns tsk(p) Pulse skew‡ See Figure 3 50 † All typical values are at VCC = 3.3 V or VCC = 5 V, and TA = 25°C. ‡ Pulse skew is defined as |tPLH – tPHL| of each channel of the same device. NOTE 3. Test conditions are C1–C4 = 0.1 µF at VCC = 3.3 V ± 0.3 V; C1 = 0.047 µF, C2–C4 = 0.33 µF at VCC = 5 V ± 0.5 V. 6 MAX ns MAX3243 3-V TO 5.5-V MULTICHANNEL RS-232 LINE DRIVER/RECEIVER WITH ±15-kV ESD (HBM) PROTECTION SLLS350E – APRIL 1999 – REVISED OCTOBER 2000 AUTO-POWERDOWN SECTION electrical characteristics over recommended ranges of supply voltage and operating free-air temperature (unless otherwise noted) (see Figure 5) PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN VT+(valid) Receiver input threshold for INVALID high-level output voltage FORCEON = GND, FORCEOFF = VCC VT–(valid) Receiver input threshold for INVALID high-level output voltage FORCEON = GND, FORCEOFF = VCC –2.7 VT(invalid) Receiver input threshold for INVALID low-level output voltage FORCEON = GND, FORCEOFF = VCC –0.3 VOH INVALID high-level output voltage IOH = –1 mA, FORCEON = GND, FORCEOFF = VCC VOL INVALID low-level output voltage IOL = 1.6 mA, FORCEON = GND, FORCEOFF = VCC TYP† MAX UNIT 2.7 V V 0.3 V VCC – 0.6 V 0.4 V † All typical values are at VCC = 3.3 V or VCC = 5 V, and TA = 25°C. switching characteristics over recommended ranges of supply voltage and operating free-air temperature (unless otherwise noted) (see Figure 5) PARAMETER tvalid tinvalid MIN Propagation delay time, low- to high-level output Propagation delay time, high- to low-level output ten Supply enable time † All typical values are at VCC = 3.3 V or VCC = 5 V, and TA = 25°C. TYP† MAX UNIT 1 µs 30 µs 100 µs PARAMETER MEASUREMENT INFORMATION 3V Generator (see Note B) Input RS-232 Output 50 Ω RL 0V CL (see Note A) tTHL 3V FORCEOFF Output SR(tr) TEST CIRCUIT + 6 V t THL or t TLH tTLH 3V –3 V 3V –3 V VOH VOL VOLTAGE WAVEFORMS NOTES: A. CL includes probe and jig capacitance. B. The pulse generator has the following characteristics: PRR = 250 kbit/s, ZO = 50 Ω, 50% duty cycle, tr ≤ 10 ns, tf ≤ 10 ns. Figure 1. Driver Slew Rate POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 7 MAX3243 3-V TO 5.5-V MULTICHANNEL RS-232 LINE DRIVER/RECEIVER WITH ±15-kV ESD (HBM) PROTECTION SLLS350E – APRIL 1999 – REVISED OCTOBER 2000 PARAMETER MEASUREMENT INFORMATION 3V Generator (see Note B) RS-232 Output 50 Ω Input 1.5 V 1.5 V 0V CL (see Note A) RL tPHL tPLH VOH 3V FORCEOFF 50% 50% Output VOL TEST CIRCUIT VOLTAGE WAVEFORMS NOTES: A. CL includes probe and jig capacitance. B. The pulse generator has the following characteristics: PRR = 250 kbit/s, ZO = 50 Ω, 50% duty cycle, tr ≤ 10 ns, tf ≤ 10 ns. Figure 2. Driver Pulse Skew 3 V or 0 V FORCEON 3V Input 1.5 V 1.5 V –3 V Output Generator (see Note B) 50 Ω tPHL CL (see Note A) 3V FORCEOFF tPLH VOH 50% Output 50% VOL TEST CIRCUIT VOLTAGE WAVEFORMS NOTES: A. CL includes probe and jig capacitance. B. The pulse generator has the following characteristics: ZO = 50 Ω, 50% duty cycle, tr ≤ 10 ns, tf ≤ 10 ns. Figure 3. Receiver Propagation Delay Times 3V Input 3 V or 0 V FORCEON VCC S1 1.5 V GND –3 V tPZH (S1 at GND) tPHZ (S1 at GND) RL 3 V or 0 V 1.5 V VOH Output 50% Output CL (see Note A) FORCEOFF Generator (see Note B) 50 Ω 0.3 V tPZL (S1 at VCC) tPLZ (S1 at VCC) 0.3 V Output 50% VOL TEST CIRCUIT NOTES: A. B. C. D. VOLTAGE WAVEFORMS CL includes probe and jig capacitance. The pulse generator has the following characteristics: ZO = 50 Ω, 50% duty cycle, tr ≤ 10 ns, tf ≤ 10 ns. tPLZ and tPHZ are the same as tdis. tPZL and tPZH are the same as ten. Figure 4. Receiver Enable and Disable Times 8 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 MAX3243 3-V TO 5.5-V MULTICHANNEL RS-232 LINE DRIVER/RECEIVER WITH ±15-kV ESD (HBM) PROTECTION SLLS350E – APRIL 1999 – REVISED OCTOBER 2000 PARAMETER MEASUREMENT INFORMATION 2.7 V 2.7 V 0V Receiver Input 0V –2.7 V –2.7 V ROUT Generator (see Note B) 3V 50 Ω tinvalid tvalid 50% VCC 50% VCC –3 V VCC INVALID Output Autopowerdown ≈V+ V+ 0.3 V VCC 0V 0.3 V Supply Voltages FORCEOFF FORCEON ten INVALID CL = 30 pF (see Note A) 0V DIN DOUT ≈V– V– TEST CIRCUIT VOLTAGE WAVEFORMS Valid RS-232 Level, INVALID High ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ 2.7 V Indeterminate 0.3 V 0V If Signal Remains Within This Region For More Than 30 µs, INVALID Is Low† –0.3 V Indeterminate –2.7 V Valid RS-232 Level, INVALID High † Auto-powerdown disables drivers and reduces supply current to 1 µA. NOTES: A. CL includes probe and jig capacitance. B. The pulse generator has the following characteristics: PRR = 5 kbit/s, ZO = 50 Ω, 50% duty cycle, tr ≤ 10 ns, tf ≤ 10 ns. Figure 5. INVALID Propagation Delay Times and Supply Enabling Time POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 9 MAX3243 3-V TO 5.5-V MULTICHANNEL RS-232 LINE DRIVER/RECEIVER WITH ±15-kV ESD (HBM) PROTECTION SLLS350E – APRIL 1999 – REVISED OCTOBER 2000 APPLICATION INFORMATION C1+ 1 + C2 – 2 3 V– GND C1– RIN2 RIN3 RIN4 RIN5 DOUT1 RS-232 Outputs VCC + RIN1 RS-232 Inputs C2– DOUT2 4 27 + – 26 25 C3† + CBYPASS – = 0.1 µF + – C1 24 23 FORCEON 5 Autopowerdown C4 – V+ C2+ 28 6 7 22 FORCEOFF 8 21 9 20 10 19 INVALID ROUT2B ROUT1 5 kΩ DOUT3 11 18 ROUT2 5 kΩ DIN3 12 Logic Outputs 17 ROUT3 5 kΩ Logic Inputs DIN2 13 16 ROUT4 5 kΩ DIN1 14 15 ROUT5 5 kΩ † C3 can be connected to VCC or GND. NOTE A: Resistor values shown are nominal. VCC vs CAPACITOR VALUES VCC C1 C2, C3, and C4 3.3 V ± 0.3 V 5 V ± 0.5 V 3 V to 5.5 V 0.1 µF 0.047 µF 0.1 µF 0.1 µF 0.33 µF 0.47 µF Figure 6. Typical Operating Circuit and Capacitor Values 10 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 IMPORTANT NOTICE Texas Instruments and its subsidiaries (TI) reserve the right to make changes to their products or to discontinue any product or service without notice, and advise customers to obtain the latest version of relevant information to verify, before placing orders, that information being relied on is current and complete. All products are sold subject to the terms and conditions of sale supplied at the time of order acknowledgment, including those pertaining to warranty, patent infringement, and limitation of liability. TI warrants performance of its semiconductor products to the specifications applicable at the time of sale in accordance with TI’s standard warranty. Testing and other quality control techniques are utilized to the extent TI deems necessary to support this warranty. Specific testing of all parameters of each device is not necessarily performed, except those mandated by government requirements. Customers are responsible for their applications using TI components. In order to minimize risks associated with the customer’s applications, adequate design and operating safeguards must be provided by the customer to minimize inherent or procedural hazards. TI assumes no liability for applications assistance or customer product design. TI does not warrant or represent that any license, either express or implied, is granted under any patent right, copyright, mask work right, or other intellectual property right of TI covering or relating to any combination, machine, or process in which such semiconductor products or services might be or are used. TI’s publication of information regarding any third party’s products or services does not constitute TI’s approval, warranty or endorsement thereof. Copyright 2000, Texas Instruments Incorporated