MAXIM MAX777LCSA

19-0186; Rev 2; 7/96
NUAL
KIT MA
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A
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FOLLO
Low-Voltage Input, 3V/3.3V/5V/
Adjustable Output, Step-Up DC-DC Converters
____________________________Features
♦ 1V to 4.5V Input Guarantees Start-Up Under Load
The devices include an Active RectifierTM that eliminates the
need for an external catch diode, and permits regulation even
when the input is greater than the output. Also, unlike those in
other step-up converters, the MAX777L/MAX778L/MAX779L’s
Active RectifierTM turns off in the shutdown mode, disconnecting the output from the source. This eliminates the current drain
associated with conventional step-up converters when off or in
shutdown.
High-frequency operation (up to 150kHz) allows the use of
small, surface-mount inductors with values of 10µH or less.
Supply current is 190µA under no load and only 20µA in standby mode; supply voltage can range from 1V to 4.5V (1 to 3
cells). With a 2V input, the devices typically deliver 200mA at
5V, or 300mA at 3V.
For fully specified devices designed for step-up/step-down
applications (where the input can be above or below the output), refer to the MAX877L/MAX878L/MAX879L data sheet.
________________________Applications
Single Battery-Cell (1V), Step-Up Voltage Conversion
Efficient, High-Power Step-Up Regulation from
Low Input Voltages
Pagers
Portable Instruments & Hand-Held Terminals
Notebook and Palmtop Computers
__________Typical Operating Circuit
INPUT
1V TO 4.5V
22µF
♦ Load Fully Disconnected in Shutdown
♦ 82% Efficiency
♦ Output in Regulation with Input Voltage above
Output Voltage
♦ Internal 1A Power Switch and Active Rectifier
♦ Adjustable Current Limit Allows Low-Cost
Inductors
♦ 190µA No Load Supply Current
♦ 20µA Shutdown Supply Current
♦ 3V/3.3V (MAX778L), 5V (MAX777L), and
Adjustable (MAX779L) Output Voltage
______________Ordering Information
PART
TEMP. RANGE
MAX777LCPA
0°C to +70°C
8 Plastic DIP
PIN-PACKAGE
MAX777LCSA
MAX777LC/D
MAX777LEPA
0°C to +70°C
0°C to +70°C
-40°C to +85°C
8 SO
Dice*
8 Plastic DIP
MAX777LESA
MAX777LMJA
-40°C to +85°C
-55°C to +125°C
8 SO
8 CERDIP**
Ordering Information continued at end of data sheet.
* Dice are specified at TA = +25°C, DC parameters only.
**Contact factory for availability and processing to MIL-STD-883.
__________________Pin Configuration
TOP VIEW
2
1
ON/OFF
♦ Up to 210mA Output
7
22µH
IN
ILIM MAX777L
SHDN
LX
OUT
5
6
ILIM 1
IN 2
OUTPUT
5V
AGND 3
MAX777L
MAX778L
MAX779L
PGND 4
8
N.C. (MAX777L)*
7
SHDN
6
OUT
5
LX
100µF
PGND
4
AGND
3
DIP/SO
* SEL FOR MAX778L, FB FOR MAX779L.
Active Rectifier is a trademark of Maxim Integrated Products.
________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products
1
For free samples & the latest literature: http://www.maxim-ic.com, or phone 1-800-998-8800
MAX777L/MAX778L/MAX779L
_______________General Description
The MAX777L/MAX778L/MAX779L are pulse-skipping DC-DC
converters that step up from low-voltage inputs (1V guaranteed). They require only three external components—an inductor (typically 22µH) and two capacitors. The MAX777L delivers
a 5V output, the MAX778L generates pin-selectable voltages of
3.0V or 3.3V, and the MAX779L output can be adjusted from
2.5V to 6V through an external resistive divider.
MAX777L/MAX778L/MAX779L
Low-Voltage Input, 3V/3.3V/5V/
Adjustable Output, Step-Up DC-DC Converters
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Supply Voltage (IN to PGND).......................................0V to 4.5V
Output Short-Circuit Duration to PGND, AGND (Note 1)....30sec
Voltage Applied to:
LX (switch off) .......................................................-0.3V to 4.5V
(switch on) ....................................30sec short to IN or OUT
OUT, SHDN ...........................................................-0.3V to +7V
FB ...........................................................-0.3V to (OUT + 0.3V)
AGND to PGND ........................................................-0.3V, +0.3V
Reverse Battery Current....................................................900mA
Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70°C)
Plastic DIP (derate 9.09mW/°C above +70°C) .............727mW
SO (derate 5.88mW/°C above +70°C) ..........................471mW
CERDIP (derate 8.00mW/°C above +70°C) ..................640mW
Operating Temperature Ranges:
MAX77_LC_A .......................................................0°C to +70°C
MAX77_LE_A ....................................................-40°C to +85°C
MAX77_LMJA .................................................-55°C to +125°C
Storage Temperature Range .............................-65°C to +150°C
Lead Temperature (soldering, 10sec) .............................+300°C
Note 1: The output may be shorted to ground if the package power dissipation is not exceeded.
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional
operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to
absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(VIN = +2.5V, ILOAD = 0mA, L = 22µH, COUT = 100µF, SHDN and ILIM connected to IN, AGND connected to PGND, TA = TMIN to TMAX,
typical values are at TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
PARAMETER
Minimum Start-Up Voltage
CONDITIONS
ILOAD < 10mA, TA = +25°C (Note 2)
Maximum Operating Voltage (Notes 2, 3)
MAX778LC
SEL = 0V
MAX778LE
MAX778LM
Output Voltage
MAX778L
(Note 6)
MAX778LC
SEL = OPEN
TYP
MAX778LE
MAX778LM
ILOAD ≤ 30mA, 1.1V ≤ VIN ≤ 4.5V or
ILOAD ≤ 140mA, 1.8V ≤ VIN ≤ 4.5V
ILOAD ≤ 30mA, 1.2V ≤ VIN ≤ 4.5V or
ILOAD ≤ 130mA, 1.8V ≤ VIN ≤ 4.5V
ILOAD ≤ 25mA, 1.25V ≤ VIN ≤ 4.5V or
ILOAD ≤ 120mA, 1.8V ≤ VIN ≤ 4.5V
ILOAD ≤ 50mA, 1.1V ≤ VIN ≤ 3.3V or
ILOAD ≤ 210mA, 1.8V ≤ VIN ≤ 3.3V
ILOAD ≤ 50mA, 1.2V ≤ VIN ≤ 3.3V or
ILOAD ≤ 200mA, 1.8V ≤ VIN ≤ 3.3V
ILOAD ≤ 50mA, 1.25V ≤ VIN ≤ 3.3V or
ILOAD ≤ 180mA, 1.8V ≤ VIN ≤ 3.3V
ILOAD ≤ 50mA, 1.1V ≤ VIN ≤ 3V or
ILOAD ≤ 210mA, 1.8V ≤ VIN ≤ 3V
ILOAD ≤ 50mA, 1.2V ≤ VIN ≤ 3V or
ILOAD ≤ 200mA, 1.8V ≤ VIN ≤ 3V
ILOAD ≤ 40mA, 1.25V ≤ VIN ≤ 3V or
ILOAD ≤ 180mA, 1.8V ≤ VIN ≤ 3V
V
4.80
5.00
5.20
3.17
3.30
3.43
2.88
3.00
(Note 4)
Efficiency
ILOAD = 100mA
82
No-Load Supply Current
ILOAD = 0mA (switch off)
Shutdown Supply Current
SHDN = 0V
2
V
V
Output Voltage Range
(MAX779L)
SHDN Input Current
MAX UNITS
1
V
4.5
MAX777LC/
MAX779LC
MAX777LE/
MAX779LE
MAX777LM/
MAX779LM
Output Voltage
MAX777L/MAX779L
(set to 5V)
(Note 6)
MIN
2.5
3.12
6.0
V
190
310
µA
MAX77_LC, MAX77_LE
20
30
MAX77_LM
20
35
0V < SHDN < VIN
15
100
nA
VIN < SHDN < 5V
12
40
µA
_______________________________________________________________________________________
%
µA
Low-Voltage Input, 3V/3.3V/5V/
Adjustable Output, Step-Up DC-DC Converters
(VIN = +2.5V, ILOAD = 0mA, L = 22µH, COUT = 100µF, SHDN and ILIM connected to IN, AGND connected to PGND, TA = TMIN to TMAX,
typical values are at TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
CONDITIONS
PARAMETER
MIN
VIN = 1V to 4.5V
SHDN Threshold
VIN = 2.5V
TYP
MAX
VIN/2 + 0.25
1.20
1.6
UNITS
V
SHDN Enable Delay
150
µs
Current Limit
1.0
A
-0.3
%/°C
Current-Limit Temperature
Coefficient
Switch Saturation Voltage
Maximum Switch On Time
Minimum Switch Off Time
Rectifier Forward Voltage Drop
ISW = 400mA
0.275
ISW = 600mA
0.33
ISW = 1000mA
0.50
VIN = 2.5V
4.0
VIN = 1.8V
5.9
VIN = 1V
12.6
MAX777L, MAX779L
1.2
MAX778
2.2
ISW = 400mA
0.21
ISW = 600mA
0.31
ISW = 1000mA
0.50
Error-Comparator Trip Point
MAX779L, over operating input voltage (Note 5)
FB Pin Bias Current
MAX779L, VFB = 0.3V
197.5
V
µs
µs
V
202.5
207.5
mV
10
40
nA
Switch Off Leakage Current
0.1
µA
Rectifier Off Leakage Current
0.1
µA
Note 2: Output in regulation, VOUT = VOUT (nominal) ±4%.
Note 3: At high VIN to VOUT differentials, the maximum load current is limited by the maximum allowable power dissipation in the
package (see Absolute Maximum Ratings).
Note 4: Minimum value is production tested. Maximum value is guaranteed by design and is not production tested.
Note 5: VOUT is set to a target value of +5V by 0.1% external feedback resistors. VOUT is measured to be 5V ±2.5% to guarantee the
error comparator trip point.
Note 6: Start-Up guaranteed under these load conditions.
_______________________________________________________________________________________
3
MAX777L/MAX778L/MAX779L
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
__________________________________________Typical Operating Characteristics
(Typical Operating Circuit, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted).
240
220
200
180
TA = +25°C
140
TA = -40°C
120
TA = 0°C
60
TA = +85°C
50
40
30
20
TA = 0°C
10
TA = -40°C
0
100
1
2
3
5
4
6
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
3
2
4
5
6
MAX777-8
TA = +25°C
1.0
TA = -55°C
1
2
3
4
5
6
INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
MAX778L
EFFICIENCY vs. LOAD CURRENT
90
MAX777-1
VOUT = 5V
VOUT = 3.3V OR 3.0V
80
EFFICIENCY (%)
80
EFFICIENCY (%)
1.5
INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
90
70
60
50
VIN = 4V
VIN = 2.5V
VIN = 1.8V
VIN = 1.5V
VIN = 1.1V
40
30
0.1
1
70
60
50
VIN = 2.5V
VIN = 1.8V
VIN = 1.5V
VIN = 1.1V
40
10
100
30
0.1
1000
LOAD CURRENT (mA)
10
100
1000
MAX778L
MAXIMUM OUTPUT CURRENT
vs. INPUT VOLTAGE
350
MAX777-4
300
VOUT = 5V
VOUT = 3.3V
300
OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)
250
200
150
100
50
0
0.5
1
LOAD CURRENT (mA)
MAX777L/MAX779L
MAXIMUM OUTPUT CURRENT
vs. INPUT VOLTAGE
OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)
TA = +125°C
2.0
7
MAX777L/MAX779L
EFFICIENCY vs. LOAD CURRENT
250
200
150
100
50
1.0
1.5
INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
4
2.5
0.5
1
7
3.0
MAX777-5
160
70
SHDN THRESHOLD VOLTAGE (V)
TA = +85°C
3.5
MAX777-7
SHUTDOWN SUPPLY CURRENT (µA)
(SWITCH = OFF)
260
80
MAX777-6
300
280
MAX778L
SHDN THRESHOLD VOLTAGE
vs. INPUT VOLTAGE AND TEMPERATURE
SHUTDOWN SUPPLY CURRENT
vs. INPUT VOLTAGE AND TEMPERATURE
MAX777-2
NO-LOAD SUPPLY CURRENT
vs. VOLTAGE AND TEMPERATURE
NO-LOAD SUPPLY CURRENT (µA)
MAX777L/MAX778L/MAX779L
Low-Voltage Input, 3V/3.3V/5V/
Adjustable Output, Step-Up DC-DC Converters
2.0
2.5
0
0.5
1.0
1.5
INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
_______________________________________________________________________________________
2.0
7
Low-Voltage Input, 3V/3.3V/5V/
Adjustable Output, Step-Up DC-DC Converters
LOAD-TRANSIENT RESPONSE
LINE-TRANSIENT RESPONSE
A
A
B
B
2ms/div
A: IOUT, 200mA/div, 0mA to 200mA
B: VOUT, 50mV/div, AC COUPLED
A: VIN, 1V/div, 1.8V to 3.3V
B: VOUT, 100mV/div, AC-COUPLED, IOUT = 240mA
MAX778L, VOUT = 3.3V, VIN = 2.5V
MAX778L, VOUT = 3.3V
2ms/div
SWITCHING WAVEFORMS,
CONTINUOUS CONDUCTION
SWITCHING WAVEFORMS,
DISCONTINUOUS CONDUCTION
A
A
B
B
0mA
C
C
5µs/div
2µs/div
A: SWITCH VOLTAGE (LX PIN), 2V/div
B: INDUCTOR CURRENT, 0.5A/div
C: OUTPUT VOLTAGE RIPPLE, 50mV/div, AC COUPLED
A: SWITCH VOLTAGE (LX PIN), 2V/div
B: INDUCTOR CURRENT, 0.5A/div
C: OUTPUT VOLTAGE RIPPLE, 50mV/div, AC COUPLED
MAX777L, VIN = 1.5V, IOUT = 100mA
MAX777L, VIN = 3V, IOUT = 70mA
_______________________________________________________________________________________
5
MAX777L/MAX778L/MAX779L
_____________________________Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(Circuit of Figure 1, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
MAX777L/MAX778L/MAX779L
Low-Voltage Input, 3V/3.3V/5V/
Adjustable Output, Step-Up DC-DC Converters
_____________________________Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(Circuit of Figure 1, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
MAX778L
START-UP TIME
A
B
10ms/div
A: SHDN, 2V/div
B: VOUT, 1V/div
VOUT = 3V
______________________________________________________________Pin Description
PIN
NAME
1
ILIM
2
IN
3
AGND
Analog ground. Not internally connected to PGND.
4
PGND
Power ground. Must be low impedance; solder directly to ground plane or star ground. Connect to
AGND, close to the device.
5
LX
6
OUT
7
SHDN
8
6
FUNCTION
Sets switch current-limit input. Connect to IN for 1A current limit. A resistor from ILIM to IN sets lower
peak inductor currents.
Input from battery
Collector of 1A NPN power switch and emitter of Active Rectifier PNP.
Voltage output. Connect filter capacitor close to pin.
Shutdown input disables power supply when low. Also disconnects load from input. Threshold is set at
VIN/2.
N.C.
(MAX777L)
No connect—not internally connected.
SEL
(MAX778L)
Selects the main output voltage. 3.3V when hard-wired to AGND, 3.0V when left open.
FB
(MAX779L)
Feedback input for adjustable-output operation. Connect to an external voltage divider between VOUT
and AGND.
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Low-Voltage Input, 3V/3.3V/5V/
Adjustable Output, Step-Up DC-DC Converters
MAX777L/MAX778L/MAX779L
22µH
VIN
100µF
RLIM
2
1
IN
LX
ILIM
DELAY
TIMER
tOFF
ACTIVE RECTIFIER
OUT 6
SWITCH
DRIVER
DELAY
TIMER
tON
VOUT
100µF
RECTIFIER
CONTROL
PGND 4
1
:
N
MAX778L
SEL 8
VREF
7 SHDN
0.2025V
SHUTDOWN
CONTROL
AGND
3
Figure 1. MAX778L Block Diagram
_______________Detailed Description
Operating Principle
The MAX777L/MAX778L/MAX779L combine a switchmode regulator with an NPN bipolar switch, current
limit, precision voltage reference, and active rectifier—
all in a single monolithic device. In shutdown mode,
the internal rectifier is completely turned off and disconnects the load from the source. Only two external
components are required in addition to the input
bypass capacitor: a 22µH inductor and a 100µF filter
capacitor.
A minimum off-time, current-limited, pulse-frequencymodulation (PFM) control scheme combines the advantages of pulse width modulation (PWM) (high output
power and efficiency) with those of a traditional PFM
pulse skipper (low quiescent currents).
External conditions (inductor value, load, and input voltage) determine the way the converter operates, as follows:
At light loads, the current through the inductor starts at
zero, rises to a peak value, and drops down to zero in
each cycle (discontinuous-conduction mode). In this
case, the switching frequency is governed by a pair of
one-shots that set a maximum on-time inversely proportional to VIN [tON = 8.8/(VIN - 0.25)] and a minimum offtime (1.3µs for MAX777L/MAX779L and 2.3µs for
MAX778L). With a 22µH inductor, LX’s peak current is
about 400mA and is independent of input voltage.
Efficiency at light loads is improved because of lower
peak currents.
At very light loads, more energy is stored in the coil
than is required by the load in each cycle. The converter
regulates by skipping entire cycles. Efficiency is typically
65% to 75% in the pulse-skipping mode. Pulse-skipping
waveforms can be irregular, and the output waveform
contains a low-frequency component. Larger, low equivalent series resistance (ESR) filter capacitors can help
reduce the ripple voltage if needed.
_______________________________________________________________________________________
7
Step-Down Mode
If the input voltage exceeds the output voltage, the
MAX777L/MAX778L/MAX779L behave as “switched”
linear regulators. If the output voltage starts to drop, the
switch turns on and energy is stored in the coil, as in
normal step-up mode. After the switch turns off, the
voltage at LX flies high. The active rectifier turns on
when LX rises above VIN. As in a linear regulator, the
voltage difference between V IN and V OUT appears
across the rectifier (actually a PNP transistor) until the
current goes to zero and the rectifier turns off. At high
VIN to VOUT differentials, the maximum load current is
limited by the maximum allowable power dissipation in
the package. For fully specified buck/boost converters,
refer to the data sheet for the pin-compatible
MAX877L/MAX878L/MAX879L.
Active Rectifier
The internal active rectifier of the MAX777L/MAX778L/
MAX779L replaces the external Schottky catch diode in
normal boost operation. The rectifier consists of a PNP
pass transistor and a unique control circuit which, in
shutdown mode, entirely disconnects the load from the
source. This is a distinct advantage over standard
boost topologies, since it prevents battery drain in shutdown.
The active rectifier also acts as a zero-dropout regulator
if the input exceeds the regulated output. This allows the
MAX777L/MAX778L/MAX779L to act as buck/boost
8
converters. Useful in battery-powered applications,
where the battery voltage may initially exceed the output
voltage, the converters will regulate down to the output
voltage and seamlessly switch into boost mode as the
input drops below the output voltage. The pin-compatible MAX877L/MAX878L/MAX879L are fully specified
buck/boost converters with higher specified output currents than the MAX777L/MAX778L/MAX779L.
Shutdown
Shutdown (SHDN) is a high-impedance, active-low
input. Connect SHDN to V IN for normal operation.
Keeping SHDN at ground holds the converters in shutdown mode. Since the active rectifier is turned off in
shutdown mode, the path from input to load is cut, and
the output effectively drops to 0V. The supply current in
the shutdown state ranges from 4µA at VIN = 1V to
50µA at VIN = 4.5V. The shutdown circuit threshold is
set nominally to VIN/2 + 250mV. When SHDN is below
this threshold, the device is shut down and is enabled
with SHDN above the threshold. When driven from
external logic, SHDN can be driven to a higher voltage
than VIN.
Current Limit
Connecting ILIM to IN sets an LX current limit of 1A. For
smaller output power levels that do not require the maximum peak current, the peak inductor current can be
reduced to optimize overall efficiency and to allow very
small, low-cost coils with lower current ratings. See also
the Inductor Selection section.
Reduce the MAX777L/MAX778L/MAX779L peak inductor current by connecting a resistor between ILIM and
IN. See Figure 2 to select the resistor.
CURRENT-LIMIT RESISTOR
vs. PEAK INDUCTOR CURRENT
1200
MAX777-FG02
At heavy loads above approximately 100mA, the converter enters continuous-conduction mode, where current always flows in the inductor. The switch-on state is
controlled cycle-by-cycle by either the maximum t ON
time or the switch’s preset current limit. As a result, the
switch's current rating is not exceeded and the inductor
is not saturated. At very heavy loads, the inductor current self-oscillates between this peak current limit and
some lower value governed by the minimum off-time,
the inductance value, and the input/output differential.
With ILIM shorted to IN, the peak switch current of the
internal NPN power switch is set to 1A. The peak switch
current can be set to a lower value by connecting a
resistor between ILIM and IN (see Current Limit section). This enables the use of physically smaller inductors with lower saturation-current ratings. At 1A, the
switch voltage drop (V SW ) is about 500mV. V SW
decreases to about 250mV at 0.1A.
Conventional PWM converters generate constant-frequency switching noise, while this architecture produces variable-frequency switching noise. However,
the noise does not exceed the current limit times the filter-capacitor ESR, unlike conventional pulse-skippers.
PEAK INDUCTOR CURRENT (mA)
MAX777L/MAX778L/MAX779L
Low-Voltage Input, 3V/3.3V/5V/
Adjustable Output, Step-Up DC-DC Converters
1000
800
600
400
VIN = 2.5V
200
0
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
RESISTOR VALUE (kΩ)
Figure 2. Current-Limit Resistor vs. Current Limit
_______________________________________________________________________________________
14
Low-Voltage Input, 3V/3.3V/5V/
Adjustable Output, Step-Up DC-DC Converters
VIN
C1
22µF
5
2
7
1
LX
IN
OUT
MAX779L
3
VOUT
C3
R1
SHDN
ILIM
AGND
6
FB
C2
100µF
8
PGND
4
R2
Figure 3. MAX779L Adjustable Voltage
Output Voltage Selection
The output voltage of the MAX777L is fixed at 5V. The
MAX778L output voltage can be set to 3V by leaving the
SEL pin open. Connect SEL to AGND for 3.3V operation.
The MAX779L’s output voltage is set by two resistors,
R1 and R2 (Figure 3), which form a voltage divider
between the output and the FB pin. The output voltage
can be set from 2.5V to 6.0V by the equation:
VOUT = (0.2025) [(R1 + R2)/R2]
To simplify the resistor selection:
R1 = (R2)[(VOUT/0.2025) - 1]
Since the input current at FB is 40nA maximum, large values (10kΩ to 50kΩ for R2) can be used with no significant
loss of accuracy. For 1% error, the current through R2
should be at least 100 times FB’s bias current.
When large values are used for the feedback resistors
(R1 > 50kΩ), stray output impedance at FB can add
“lag” to the feedback response, destabilizing the regulator and creating a larger ripple at the output. Lead
lengths and circuit board traces at the FB node should be
kept short. Reduce ripple by adding a “lead” compensation capacitor (C3, 100pF to 50nF) in parallel with R1.
__________Applications Information
The Typical Operating Circuit shows a MAX777L stepup application circuit. This circuit starts up and operates with inputs ranging from 1.0V to 4.5V. Start-up time
is a function of the load, typically less than 5ms. Output
current capability is a function of the input voltage. See
Typical Operating Characteristics.
The 22µH inductor shown in the Typical Operating
Circuit is sufficient for most MAX777L/MAX778L/
MAX779L designs. Other inductor values ranging from
10µH to 47µH are also suitable. The inductor should
have a saturation rating equal to or greater than the
peak switch-current limit, which is 1A without an external current limit (ILIM connected to IN). It is acceptable
to operate the inductor at 120% of its saturation rating;
however, this will reduce efficiency. For highest efficiency, use an inductor with a low DC resistance,
preferably under 0.2Ω. Table 1 lists suggested inductor
suppliers.
Capacitor Selection
The 100µF, 10V surface-mount tantalum (SMT) output
capacitor shown in the Typical Operating Circuit will
provide a 20mV output ripple or less, stepping up from
2V to 3.3V at 200mA. Smaller capacitors, down to 10µF,
are acceptable for light loads or in applications that tolerate higher output ripple. The input capacitor may be
omitted if the input lead length is less than 2 inches
(5cm) or if the loads are small.
The primary factor in selecting both the output and
input filter capacitor is low ESR. The ESR of both
bypass and filter capacitors affects efficiency. Optimize
performance by increasing filter capacitors or using
specialized low-ESR capacitors. The smallest low-ESR
SMT tantalum capacitors currently available are
Sprague 595D or 695D series. Sanyo OS-CON organic
semiconductor through-hole capacitors also exhibit
very low ESR, are rated for the wide temperature range,
and are particularly useful for operation at cold temperatures. Table 1 lists suggested capacitor suppliers.
Layout
The MAX777L/MAX778L/MAX779L’s high peak currents
and high-frequency operation make PC layout important for minimum ground bounce and noise. Locate
input bypass and output filter capacitors close to the
device pins. All connections to the FB pin (MAX779L)
should also be kept as short as possible. A ground
plane is recommended. Solder AGND (pin 3) and
PGND (pin 4), directly to the ground plane. Refer to the
MAX777L/MAX778L/MAX779L evaluation kit (EV kit)
manual for a suggested surface-mount layout.
_______________________________________________________________________________________
9
MAX777L/MAX778L/MAX779L
Inductor Selection
LI
22µH
MAX777L/MAX778L/MAX779L
Low-Voltage Input, 3V/3.3V/5V/
Adjustable Output, Step-Up DC-DC Converters
Table 1. Component Suppliers
PRODUCTION METHOD
INDUCTORS
Sumida
CD54-220 (22µH)
CAPACITORS
Sprague 595D
Sprague 695D
Murata-Erie
LQHYN1501K04M00-D5
(15µH)
Matsuo
267 series
Coiltronics
CTX20-1
AVX
TPS series
Miniature
Through-Hole
Sumida
RCH654-220
Sanyo OS-CON
low-ESR organic semiconductor
Low-Cost
Through-Hole
Coilcraft
PCH-27-223
Surface Mount
AVX
USA:
Coiltronics
Matsuo
Murata-Erie
USA:
USA:
USA:
Nichicon
Sanyo
USA:
USA:
Japan:
USA:
USA:
Japan:
USA:
Sprague
Sumida
United Chemi-Con
10
Nichicon
PL series low-ESR electrolytic
United Chemi-Con,
LXF series
(803) 946-0690
(800) 282-4975, FAX (803) 626-3123
(561) 241-7876, FAX (561) 241-9339
(714) 969-2491, FAX (714) 960-6492
(814) 237-1431
(800) 831-9172, FAX (814) 238-0490
(847) 843-7500
(619) 661-6835, FAX (847) 843-2798
(81) 7-2070-6306, FAX (81) 7-2070-1174
(603) 224-1961, FAX (603) 224-1430
(847) 956-0666, FAX (847) 956-0702
(81) 3-3607-5111, FAX (81) 3-3607-5144
(714) 255-9500, FAX (714) 255-9400
______________________________________________________________________________________
Low-Voltage Input, 3V/3.3V/5V/
Adjustable Output, Step-Up DC-DC Converters
PART
TEMP. RANGE
MAX778LCPA
0°C to +70°C
8 Plastic DIP
MAX778LCSA
MAX778LC/D
MAX778LEPA
0°C to +70°C
0°C to +70°C
-40°C to +85°C
8 SO
Dice*
8 Plastic DIP
MAX778LESA
MAX778LMJA
MAX779LCPA
MAX779LCSA
MAX779LC/D
MAX779LEPA
-40°C to +85°C
-55°C to +125°C
0°C to +70°C
0°C to +70°C
0°C to +70°C
-40°C to +85°C
8 SO
8 CERDIP**
8 Plastic DIP
8 SO
Dice*
8 Plastic DIP
MAX779LESA
MAX779LMJA
-40°C to +85°C
-55°C to +125°C
8 SO
8 CERDIP**
___________________Chip Topography
PIN-PACKAGE
* Dice are specified at TA = +25°C, DC parameters only.
**Contact factory for availability and processing to MIL-STD-883.
ILIM
VREF
FB
IN
SHDN
0.084"
(2.134mm)
AGND
OUT
PGND
LX
0.068"
(1.727mm)
TRANSISTOR COUNT: 170;
SUBSTRATE CONNECTED TO AGND.
______________________________________________________________________________________
11
MAX777L/MAX778L/MAX779L
_Ordering Information (continued)
MAX777L/MAX778L/MAX779L
Low-Voltage Input, 3V/3.3V/5V/
Adjustable Output, Step-Up DC-DC Converters
________________________________________________________Package Information
D
E
DIM
E1
A
A1
A2
A3
B
B1
C
D1
E
E1
e
eA
eB
L
A3
A A2
L A1
0° - 15°
C
e
B1
eA
B
eB
D1
Plastic DIP
PLASTIC
DUAL-IN-LINE
PACKAGE
(0.300 in.)
INCHES
MAX
MIN
0.200
–
–
0.015
0.175
0.125
0.080
0.055
0.022
0.016
0.065
0.045
0.012
0.008
0.080
0.005
0.325
0.300
0.310
0.240
–
0.100
–
0.300
0.400
–
0.150
0.115
PKG. DIM PINS
P
P
P
P
P
N
D
D
D
D
D
D
8
14
16
18
20
24
INCHES
MIN
MAX
0.348 0.390
0.735 0.765
0.745 0.765
0.885 0.915
1.015 1.045
1.14 1.265
MILLIMETERS
MIN
MAX
–
5.08
0.38
–
3.18
4.45
1.40
2.03
0.41
0.56
1.14
1.65
0.20
0.30
0.13
2.03
7.62
8.26
6.10
7.87
2.54
–
7.62
–
–
10.16
2.92
3.81
MILLIMETERS
MIN
MAX
8.84
9.91
18.67 19.43
18.92 19.43
22.48 23.24
25.78 26.54
28.96 32.13
21-0043A
DIM
D
0°-8°
A
0.101mm
0.004in.
e
B
A1
E
12
C
H
L
Narrow SO
SMALL-OUTLINE
PACKAGE
(0.150 in.)
A
A1
B
C
E
e
H
L
INCHES
MAX
MIN
0.069
0.053
0.010
0.004
0.019
0.014
0.010
0.007
0.157
0.150
0.050
0.244
0.228
0.050
0.016
DIM PINS
D
D
D
8
14
16
MILLIMETERS
MIN
MAX
1.35
1.75
0.10
0.25
0.35
0.49
0.19
0.25
3.80
4.00
1.27
5.80
6.20
0.40
1.27
INCHES
MILLIMETERS
MIN MAX
MIN
MAX
0.189 0.197 4.80
5.00
0.337 0.344 8.55
8.75
0.386 0.394 9.80 10.00
______________________________________________________________________________________
21-0041A