FEATURES High Efficiency: 94%@ 5Vin, 3.3V/3A out Small size and low profile: 0.80” x 0.45” x 0.27” (SMD) 0.90” x 0.40” x 0.25” (SIP) Standard footprint and pinout Resistor-based trim Output voltage programmable from 0.75V to 3.3V via external resistors Pre-bias startup No minimum load required Fixed frequency operation Input UVLO, Output OTP, OCP Remote ON/OFF ISO 9001, TL 9000, ISO 14001, QS 9000, OHSAS 18001 certified manufacturing facility UL/cUL 60950 (US & Canada) Recognized, and TUV (EN60950)- pending CE mark meets 73/23/EEC and 93/68/EECpending Delphi DNT04, Non-Isolated Point of Load DC/DC Power Modules: 2.4~5.5Vin, 0.75~3.3Vo, 3A out OPTIONS The Delphi Series DNT04, 2.4-5.5V input, single output, non-isolated Negative On/Off logic Point of Load DC/DC converters are the latest offering from a world SMD or SIP package leader in power systems technology and manufacturing — Delta Electronics, Inc. The DNT04 series provides a programmable output voltage from 0.75V to 3.3V using external resistors. This product family is available in surface mount or SIP package and provides up to 3A of output current in an industry standard footprint. With creative design technology and optimization of component placement, these converters possess outstanding electrical and thermal performance, as well as APPLICATIONS extremely high reliability under highly stressful operating conditions. Telecom/DataCom The DNT04, 3A modules have excellent thermal performance and can Distributed power architectures provide full output current at up to 85℃ ambient temperature with no airflow. PRELIMINARY DATASHEET DS_DNT04SMD03_01182007 Servers and workstations LAN/WAN applications Data processing applications TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS (TA = 25°C, airflow rate = 300 LFM, Vin = 2.4Vdc and 5.5Vdc, nominal Vout unless otherwise noted.) PARAMETER NOTES and CONDITIONS DNT04S0A0S03NFA Min. ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Input Voltage (Continuous) Operating Temperature Storage Temperature INPUT CHARACTERISTICS Operating Input Voltage Input Under-Voltage Lockout Turn-On Voltage Threshold Turn-Off Voltage Threshold Maximum Input Current No-Load Input Current Off Converter Input Current Inrush Transient Recommended Inout Fuse OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS Output Voltage Set Point Output Voltage Adjustable Range Output Voltage Regulation Over Line Over Load Over Temperature Total Output Voltage Range Output Voltage Ripple and Noise Peak-to-Peak RMS Output Current Range Output Voltage Over-shoot at Start-up Output DC Current-Limit Inception Output Short-Circuit Current (Hiccup Mode) DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS Dynamic Load Response Positive Step Change in Output Current Negative Step Change in Output Current Setting Time to 10% of Peak Devitation Turn-On Transient Start-Up Time, From On/Off Control Start-Up Time, From Input Maximum Output Startup Capacitive Load EFFICIENCY Vo=3.3V Vo=2.5V Vo=1.8V Vo=1.5V Vo=1.2V Vo=0.75V FEATURE CHARACTERISTICS Switching Frequency ON/OFF Control, (Negative logic) Logic Low Voltage Logic High Voltage Logic Low Current Logic High Current GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS MTBF Weight DS_DNT04SMD3A_01182007 Typ. Max. Units Refer to Figure 34 for measuring point 0 -40 -55 5.8 125 125 Vdc °C °C Vo ≦ Vin –0.5V 2.4 5.5 V 2.15 2.0 2.4 25 0.5 0.1 TBD V V A mA mA A 2S A +1.5 3.63 % Vo,set V +3.0 % Vo,set % Vo,set % Vo,set % Vo,set 1.95 1.8 2.05 1.9 Vin=4.5V Vo=3.3V, Io=Io,max 15 0.2 Vin=2.4V to 5.5V, Io=Io,min to Io,max Vin=5V, Io=Io, max Vin=2.4V to 5.5V Io=Io,min to Io,max Ta=-40℃ to 85℃ Over sample load, line and temperature 5Hz to 20MHz bandwidth Full Load, 1µF ceramic, 10µF tantalum Full Load, 1µF ceramic, 10µF tantalum -1.5 0.7525 Vo,set 0.2 0.2 0.4 -3.0 30 10 200 1.5 mV mV A % Vo,set % Io Adc (rms) 180 180 50 mV mV µs 7 7 ms ms µF µF 0 Io,s/c 10µF Tan & 1µF Ceramic load cap, 2.5A/µs 50% Io, max to 100% Io, max 100% Io, max to 50% Io, max Io=Io.max Von/off, Vo=10% of Vo,set Vin=Vin,min, Vo=10% of Vo,set Full load; ESR ≧1mΩ Full load; ESR ≧10mΩ 1000 3000 Vin=5V, 100% Load Vin=5V, 100% Load Vin=5V, 100% Load Vin=5V, 100% Load Vin=5V, 100% Load Vin=5V, 100% Load 94.0 92.0 90.5 89.0 86.5 80.0 250 Module On, Von/off Module Off, Von/off Module On, Ion/off Module Off, Ion/off Io=100% of Io, max; Ta=25°C 50 15 3 5 % % % % % % 300 350 kHz 0.2 0.3 Vin.max 10 1 V V µA mA -0.2 2.5 TBD 2.3 M hours grams 2 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS CURVES Figure 1: Converter efficiency vs. output current (5Vin/3.3Vout) Figure 2: Converter efficiency vs. output current (5Vin/2.5Vout) Figure 3: Converter efficiency vs. output current (5Vin/1.8Vout) Figure 4: Converter efficiency vs. output current (5Vin/1.5Vout) Figure 5: Converter efficiency vs. output current (5Vin/1.2Vout) DS_DNT04SMD3A_01182007 Figure 6: Converter efficiency vs. output current (5Vin/0.75Vout) 3 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS CURVES (CON.) Figure 7: Output ripple & noise at 5Vin, 3.3V/3A out Figure 8: Output ripple & noise at 5Vin, 2.5V/3A out Figure 9: Output ripple & noise at 5Vin, 1.8V/3A out Figure 10: Output ripple & noise at 5Vin, 1.5V/3A out Figure 11: Turn on delay time at 3.3Vin, 1.2V/3A out Figure 12: Turn on delay time at 5Vin, 0.75V/3A out DS_DNT04SMD3A_01182007 4 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS CURVES (CON.) Figure 13: Turn on delay time at 5Vin, 3.3V/3A out Figure 14: Turn on delay time at 5Vin, 2.5V/3A out Figure 15: Turn on delay time at 5Vin, 1.8V/3A out Figure 16: Turn on delay time at 5Vin, 1.5V/3A out Figure 17: Turn on delay time at 5Vin, 1.2V/3A out Figure 18: Turn on delay time at 5Vin, 0.75V/3A out DS_DNT04SMD3A_01182007 5 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS CURVES Figure 19: Typical transient response to step load change at 2.5A/µS from 100% to 50% of Io, max at 5Vin, 3.3Vout (Cout = 1uF ceramic, 10µF tantalum) Figure 20: Typical transient response to step load change at 2.5A/µS from 50% to 100% of Io, max at 5Vin, 3.3Vout (Cout =1uF ceramic, 10µF tantalum) Vbias=1V Figure 21: Output short circuit current 5Vin, 0.75Vout DS_DNT04SMD3A_01182007 Figure 22:Turn on with Prebias 5Vin, 3.3V/0A out, Vbias =1.0Vdc 6 DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS TEST CONFIGURATIONS Input Source Impedance TO OSCILLOSCOPE L VI(+) 2 100uF Tantalum VI(-) Note: Input reflected-ripple current is measured with a simulated source inductance. Current is measured at the input of the module. Figure 23: Input reflected-ripple test setup The input capacitance should be able to handle an AC ripple current of at least: Irms = Iout COPPER STRIP Vo 1uF 10uF SCOPE tantalum ceramic Resistive Load GND Note: Use a 10µF tantalum and 1µF capacitor. Scope measurement should be made using a BNC connector. Input Ripple Voltage (mVp-p) BATTERY To maintain low noise and ripple at the input voltage, it is critical to use low ESR capacitors at the input to the module. Figure 26 shows the input ripple voltage (mVp-p) for various output models using 2x100 µF low ESR tantalum capacitor (KEMET p/n: T491D107M016AS, AVX p/n: TAJD107M106R, or equivalent) in parallel with 47 µF ceramic capacitor (TDK p/n:C5750X7R1C476M or equivalent). Figure 27 shows much lower input voltage ripple when input capacitance is increased to 400 µF (4 x 100 µF) tantalum capacitors in parallel with 94 µF (2 x 47 µF) ceramic capacitor. Vout ⎛ Vout ⎞ ⎜1 − ⎟ Vin ⎝ Vin ⎠ 60 52 44 36 28 20 0 1 Figure 24: Peak-peak output noise and startup transient measurement test setup. VI Vo Io II LOAD SUPPLY GND CONTACT RESISTANCE Figure 25: Output voltage and efficiency measurement test setup Note: All measurements are taken at the module terminals. When the module is not soldered (via socket), place Kelvin connections at module terminals to avoid measurement errors due to contact resistance. η =( 2 3 4 Output Voltage (Vdc) Figure 26: Input voltage ripple for various output models, Io = 3A (CIN = 2×100µF tantalum // 47µF ceramic) Input Ripple Voltage (mVp-p) CONTACT AND DISTRIBUTION LOSSES Arms 40 36 32 28 24 20 0 1 2 3 4 Output Voltage (Vdc) Figure 27: Input voltage ripple for various output models, Io = 3A (CIN = 4×100µF tantalum // 2×47µF ceramic) Vo × Io ) × 100 % Vi × Ii DS_DNT04SMD3A_01182007 7 DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS (CON.) FEATURES DESCRIPTIONS The power module should be connected to a low ac-impedance input source. Highly inductive source impedances can affect the stability of the module. An input capacitance must be placed close to the modules input pins to filter ripple current and ensure module stability in the presence of inductive traces that supply the input voltage to the module. Remote On/Off Safety Considerations For safety-agency approval the power module must be installed in compliance with the spacing and separation requirements of the end-use safety agency standards. For the converter output to be considered meeting the requirements of safety extra-low voltage (SELV), the input must meet SELV requirements. The power module has extra-low voltage (ELV) outputs when all inputs are ELV. The input to these units is to be provided with a adequate time-delay fuse in the ungrounded lead. The DNT series power modules have an On/Off pin for remote On/Off operation. Both positive and negative On/Off logic options are available in the DNT series power modules. For positive logic module, connect an open collector (NPN) transistor or open drain (N channel) MOSFET between the On/Off pin and the GND pin (see figure 28). Positive logic On/Off signal turns the module ON during the logic high and turns the module OFF during the logic low. When the positive On/Off function is not used, leave the pin floating or tie to Vin (module will be On). For negative logic module, the On/Off pin is pulled high with an external pull-up resistor (see figure 29). Negative logic On/Off signal turns the module OFF during logic high and turns the module ON during logic low. If the negative On/Off function is not used, leave the pin floating or tie to GND. (module will be On) Vo Vin ION/OFF On/Off RL Q1 GND Figure 28: Positive remote On/Off implementation Vo Vin Rpullup ION/OFF On/Off RL Q1 GND Figure 29: Negative remote On/Off implementation Over-Current Protection To provide protection in an output over load fault condition, the unit is equipped with internal over-current protection. When the over-current protection is triggered, the unit enters hiccup mode. The units operate normally once the fault condition is removed. DS_DNT04SMD3A_01182007 8 FEATURES DESCRIPTIONS (CON.) FEATURE DESCRIPTIONS (CON.) Over-Temperature Protection Vo The over-temperature protection consists of circuitry that provides protection from thermal damage. If the temperature exceeds the over-temperature threshold the module will shut down. The module will try to restart after shutdown. If the over-temperature condition still exists during restart, the module will shut down again. This restart trial will continue until the temperature is within specification. Output Voltage Programming The output voltage of the DNT can be programmed to any voltage between 0.75Vdc and 3.3Vdc by connecting one resistor (shown as Rtrim in Figure 30) between the TRIM and GND pins of the module. Without this external resistor, the output voltage of the module is 0.7525 Vdc. To calculate the value of the resistor Rtrim for a particular output voltage Vo, please use the following equation: ⎡ 21070 ⎤ Rtrim = ⎢ − 5110⎥ Ω ⎣Vo − 0.7525 ⎦ For example, to program the output voltage of the DNS module to 1.8Vdc, Rtrim is calculated as follows: ⎡ 21070 ⎤ Rtrim = ⎢ − 5110 ⎥ Ω = 15 KΩ ⎣1.8 − 0.7525 ⎦ DNT can also be programmed by apply a voltage between the TRIM and GND pins (Figure 31). The following equation can be used to determine the value of Vtrim needed for a desired output voltage Vo: Vtrim = 0.7 − 0.1698 × (Vo − 0.7525) For example, to program the output voltage of a DNT module to 3.3 Vdc, Vtrim is calculated as follows Vtrim = 0.7 − 0.1698 × (3.3 − 0.7525) = 0.267V Vtrim RLoad TRIM GND + _ Figure 31: Circuit Configuration for programming output voltage using external voltage source The amount of power delivered by the module is the voltage at the output terminals multiplied by the output current. When using the trim feature, the output voltage of the module can be increased, which at the same output current would increase the power output of the module. Care should be taken to ensure that the maximum output power of the module must not exceed the maximum rated power (Vo.set x Io.max ≤ P max). Voltage Margining Output voltage margining can be implemented in the DNT modules by connecting a resistor, R margin-up, from the Trim pin to the ground pin for margining-up the output voltage and by connecting a resistor, Rmargin-down, from the Trim pin to the output pin for margining-down. Figure 32 shows the circuit configuration for output voltage margining. If unused, leave the trim pin unconnected. A calculation tool is available from the evaluation procedure which computes the values of R margin-up and Rmargin-down for a specific output voltage and margin percentage. Vin Vo Rmargin-down Q1 On/Off Trim Vo Rmargin-up RLoad Rtrim TRIM Rtrim GND Figure 30: Circuit configuration for programming output voltage Q2 GND Figure 32: Circuit configuration for output voltage margining using an external resistor DS_DNT04SMD3A_01182007 9 THERMAL CONSIDERATIONS THERMAL CURVES Thermal management is an important part of the system design. To ensure proper, reliable operation, sufficient cooling of the power module is needed over the entire temperature range of the module. Convection cooling is usually the dominant mode of heat transfer. Hence, the choice of equipment to characterize the thermal performance of the power module is a wind tunnel. Thermal Testing Setup Delta’s DC/DC power modules are characterized in heated vertical wind tunnels that simulate the thermal environments encountered in most electronics equipment. This type of equipment commonly uses vertically mounted circuit cards in cabinet racks in which the power modules are mounted. The following figure shows the wind tunnel characterization setup. The power module is mounted on a test PWB and is vertically positioned within the wind tunnel. The height of this fan duct is constantly kept at 25.4mm (1’’). Figure 34: Temperature measurement location The allowed maximum hot spot temperature is defined at 125℃ 3.5 DNT04S0A0S03(standard) Output Current vs. Ambient Temperature and Air Velocity @Vin = 5V,Vo=0.75V~3.3V (Either Orientation) Output Current (A) 3.0 Natural Convection 2.5 2.0 Thermal Derating 1.5 Heat can be removed by increasing airflow over the module. To enhance system reliability, the power module should always be operated below the maximum operating temperature. If the temperature exceeds the maximum module temperature, reliability of the unit may be affected. PWB FACING PWB MODULE AIR VELOCITY AND AMBIENT TEMPERATURE MEASURED BELOW THE MODULE 1.0 0.5 0.0 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 Ambient Temperature (℃) Figure 35: Derating curves, output current vs. ambient temperature and air velocity @ Vin=5V, Vout=0.75V~3.3V(Either Orientation) 50.8 (2.0”) AIR FLOW 12.7 (0.5”) 25.4 (1.0”) Note: Wind Tunnel Test Setup Figure Dimensions are in millimeters and (Inch Figure 33: Wind tunnel test setup DS_DNT04SMD3A_01182007 10 PICK AND PLACE LOCATION SURFACE- MOUNT TAPE & REEL LEAD (Sn/Pb) PROCESS RECOMMEND TEMP. PROFILE Temperature (°C ) 250 200 150 Ramp-up temp. 0.5~3.0°C /sec. Peak temp. 2nd Ramp-up temp. 210~230°C 5sec. 1.0~3.0°C /sec. Pre-heat temp. 140~180°C 60~120 sec. Cooling down rate <3°C /sec. 100 Over 200°C 40~50sec. 50 0 60 120 Time ( sec. ) 180 240 300 LEAD FREE (SAC) PROCESS RECOMMEND TEMP. PROFILE Temp. Peak Temp. 240 ~ 245 ℃ 220℃ Ramp down max. 4℃ /sec. 200℃ 150℃ Preheat time 90~120 sec. Ramp up max. 3℃ /sec. Time Limited 75 sec. above 220℃ 25℃ Time DS_DNT04SMD3A_01182007 11 MECHANICAL DRAWING SMD PACKAGE DS_DNT04SMD3A_01182007 SIP PACKAGE (OPTIONAL) 12 PART NUMBERING SYSTEM DNT 04 S 0A0 S 03 N Product Series Input Voltage Numbers of Outputs Output Voltage Package Type Output Current On/Off logic DNT- 3A/5A 04 - 2.4V~5.5V S - Single 0A0 Programmable R - SIP S - SMD 03 - 3A F A Option Code N- negative P- positive F- RoHS 6/6 (Lead Free) A - Standard Function MODEL LIST Model Name Package Input Voltage Output Voltage Output Current Efficiency 5Vin, 3.3Vdc full load DNT04S0A0S03NFA SMD 2.4V ~ 5.5Vdc 0.75V ~ 3.3Vdc 3A 94% DNT04S0A0R03NFA SIP 2.4V ~ 5.5Vdc 0.75V ~ 3.3Vdc 3A 94% DNT04S0A0S05NFA SMD 2.4V ~ 5.5Vdc 0.75V ~ 3.3Vdc 5A 94% DNT04S0A0R05NFA SIP 2.4V ~ 5.5Vdc 0.75V ~ 3.3Vdc 5A 94% CONTACT: www.delta.com.tw/dcdc USA: Telephone: East Coast: (888) 335 8201 West Coast: (888) 335 8208 Fax: (978) 656 3964 Email: [email protected] Europe: Telephone: +41 31 998 53 11 Fax: +41 31 998 53 53 Email: [email protected] Asia & the rest of world: Telephone: +886 3 4526107 x6220 Fax: +886 3 4513485 Email: [email protected] WARRANTY Delta offers a two (2) year limited warranty. Complete warranty information is listed on our web site or is available upon request from Delta. Information furnished by Delta is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Delta for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties, which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Delta. Delta reserves the right to revise these specifications at any time, without notice. DS_DNT04SMD3A_01182007 13