EFS STARLIGHT-KIT Application Specific Discretes 2-CHIPS SET FOR FLUORESCENT LAMP STARTER A.S.D. PRELIMINARY DATASHEET DESCRIPTION The EFS Kit is a 2 chips set used with 4 additional passive components as direct replacement of the Glow switch Starter. The ASD (Application Specific Discretes) includes a bi-directional Power Switch and a Power Supply for the driver. The driver provides a program to ensure a fully optimised fluorescent lamp ignition. S014 PENTAWATT HV FEATURES VERY WIDE POWER RANGE: linear lamp ignition from 18 to 125W VERY WIDE TEMPERATURE RANGE: tube ignition from - 40 to 85 °C 8 STRIKING PULSE CAPABILITY: for very cold environment or aging lamp SELECTABLE PRE-HEAT TIME: 1.5 s or 2.5 s IGNITION at 350mA, 1350V STARTER SHUTDOWN WITH FAILED LAMP BENEFITS Very low component count: 2 chips + 4 passive components Universal Core for any multi power multi temperature range starter application Serial tube lamp connection capability (note 1) Compatible with EMI Capacitor to meet EMI standards Extended life time of the fluorescent lamp due to smooth and single shot ignition Very Cold and Lower power application coverage with selectableand accurate pre heat time Unaffected by Mains Power micro-interruptions Reduced maintenance thanks to failed lamp automatic safety shut down Extended life time of the starter that survives to the tube lamp failure Inherent high reliability of the electronic power elements note1: see section on tubes in series in attached application note March 1998 - Ed: 1 1/13 EFS PIN CONNECTION (top view) SO14 State tube detection Pre-heat select to be grounded Shunt to be grounded to be grounded to be grounded 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Pentawatt HV 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 G1 G2 VCC GND to be grounded DO NOT CONNECT to be grounded G1 Vcc 1 2 Tube 3 GND G2 4 5 If Pin 2 = GND, preheat = 1.5s If Pin 2 = Vcc, preheat = 2.5s DRIVER: EFS1/2/3-A-CD ASD: EFS1/2/3-1 EFS STARLIGHT-KIT PARTS SELECTION: The EFS STARLIGHT-KIT family offers an effective answer to linear fluorescent lamp ignition needs AC MAINS = 230/240V EFS STARLIGHT-KIT FAMILY CONDITIONS FOR USE EFS1 EFS2 EFS3 LAMP POWER RANGE 36 to 58W 18 to 70W 18 to 125W (note 2) AMBIENT TEMPERATURE RANGE 5 to 75°C -20 to 75°C -40 to 85°C (note 3) TWIN TUBE SERIAL CONNECTION (2 X 18W - 115V) YES YES YES DRIVER EFS1A EFS2A EFS3A ASD EFS11 EFS21 EFS31 Note 2: above 70W, the operating temperature is higher than 5°C Note 3: below -20°C, the lamp power range is less than 70W 2/13 EFS UNIVERSAL CORE FOR WIDE RANGE APPLICATIONS LAMP POWER (W) 125 W EFS 3 70 W 58 W EFS 3 EFS 2 EFS 1 36 W 18 W 0W -40 -20 5 75 85 AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (°C) ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS DRIVER: EFS1/2/3-A Symbol Vcc Toper Parameter Supply Voltage OperatingAmbient Temperature range (refer to EFS selection table) Ptot Power Dissipation ESD Electrostatic Discharge between any pins Value Unit 14 V -40 to +85 °C 500 mW 1 kV Value Unit ASD: EFS1/2/3-1 Symbol Parameter ITRMS RMS On-State Current @ Tcase = 90°C 1 A ITSM Non repetitive Surge peak On-State Current Tj initial = 25°C, Tp = 10ms 15 A Repetitive peak off-State voltage 600 V -40 to +85 °C TON = 0.75s + 120 °C Maximum Operating Junction Temperature +125 °C VDRM/RRM Toper OperatingAmbient Temperature range (refer to EFS selection table) Tcase IRMS = 1A Tj TOFF = 0.16s 3/13 EFS ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (Tj = 25°C, unless otherwise specified) EFS STARLIGHT KIT Symbol EFS1 Parameter EFS2 EFS3 Min. Typ. Max. Min. Typ. Max. Min. Typ. Max. Unit ASD VT + Positive On-State voltage tp = 500µs IT = 1.5A 2.5 2.5 2.5 V VT - Negative On-State voltage IT = 1.5A tp = 500µs 1 1 1 V VBR Breakdown Forward voltage IDRM = 5mA tp = 10ms IDRM/RRM IH 1100 1200 Forward and reverse leakage current, VDRM/RRM rated 1150 1350 20 Holding current dI/dt = 9 A/s Pin1 = Pin2 = Pin4 = Pin5 1200 1350 20 130 V 20 150 µA 200 mA 350 mA DRIVER ISO Ignition Switch-Off current with: Rsense = 0.4Ω, Tj = Tj MIN, L = 0.7H Not applicable 275 350 275 ORDERING INFORMATION EFS 1/2/3 KIT DRIVER EFS Electronic Fluorescent Switch 4/13 1/2/3 Kit A ASD - Traceability Digit CD SO14 Package EFS Electronic Fluorescent Switch 1/2/3 Kit 1 - xx5 Traceability TL5: Digit Pentawatt HV Package with lead forming T5: Pentawatt HV Package with straight lead EFS BASIC APPLICATION DIAGRAM BALLAST R1 DRIVER 230V / 50HZ FLUORESCENT TUBE ASD 4 18W TO 125W U2 DO NOT CONNECT 14 1 3 13 5 U1 12 2 9 4 R2 7/8/10/11 2/3/5/6 1 C SUPPLY R3 COMPONENT SIDE LAYOUT PCB WITH PENTAWATT HV and SO14 Configurate pin 2. Do not connect pin 9. U2 U1 R1 + R3 R2 C SUPPLY Pin 2 is the preheat time select pin. To select a 1.5s preheat time, drill and cut the Vcc to pin 2 wiring at the metallization hole. To select a 2.5s preheat time, drill and cut the GND to pin 2 wiring. The layout must be configuratedfor either choice to avoid supply short circuit. RECOMMENDED COMPONENTS ACCORDING TO APPLICATION CONDITIONS Application Conditions AC mains Single 230V - 50Hz Lamp Power Range 18 to 125W 18 to 36W Ambient Temperature Range -40 to + 85°C -40 to +85°C Twin series 230V / 50Hz or single 115V / 50Hz Recommended Components Starter Kit EFS1/2/3 (see note 4) EFS1/2/3 (see note 4) R1 150kΩ - 0.5W - 5% 150kΩ - 0.5W - 5% R2 1kΩ - 0.25W - 5% 2kΩ - 0.25W - 5% R3 0.39Ω - 0.25W - 5% 0.39Ω - 0.25W - 5% Csupply 22µF - 16V - 10% 22µF - 16V - 10% Note 4: refer to EFS selection table on page 2 5/13 EFS EFS STARLIGHT-KIT APPLICATION NOTE 1/ THE AC POWER SWITCH: FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION The Starter is a bi-directional switch which performs two functions: the preheat of the tube, the ignition of the tube. BALLAST PREHEAT 1 FLUORESCENT TUBE 2 V strike 3 220V / 50HZ The mains voltage is applied Preheating of the tube Striking of the tube During the preheat period, the ASD is fully conducting. The tube lamp is short circuited by the starter, and the current flows through its filaments. In these conditions, the tube can not light up, but the temperatureof the tube electrodes increases. At the end of the preheat period, the lamp filaments are warm enough to emit electrons in the gas and to permit the lamp ignition in good conditions. The ASD switches off the preheatingcurrent . At this moment, the ballast is equivalent to a current generator (I=ISO, ISO = Switched Off current). As the ASD switches off, the starter voltage increases. The amplitude of this high voltage spike is clamped by the ASD (VBR≈1350 V). As the starter and the tube are in parallel, the striking pulse is directly applied to the tube. The electromagnetic energy of the ballast is then discharged through the tube and the ASD. Striking pulse TUBE 2/ WHAT’S NEW IN THIS SWITCH? Vcc Power supply HIGH VOLTAGE ON / OFF DRIVER CLAMPING G1 G2 AC SWITCH The AC SWITCH merges an auxiliary power supply for the driver, a power clamping device (1350V) and a bi-directional switch with his execution pilot block. GND NEW EFS ASD 6/13 EFS Present solutions work with a unidirectional switch, like MOS transistors or GTO (Gate Turn Off thyristor). As a starter is a bi-directional switch, it is necessary to use a rectifier bridge (4 diodes of 1500V or 8 diodes with a lower breakdown voltage).More, 2 or 3 diodesin series with the GTO are required to get the necessary switch off effect, and the whole switch is controlled with an analog timer built around a small SCR. 1500V GTO SCR The interest of a bi-directional switch arises itself: a drastic reduction of the number of components, and of course, a reduction of power losses (only 1 forward voltage instead of 5 or 8 dependingon the version). Conventional discrete circuit ( Minimal version ) The ignition feature is another interesting point. A lamp requires a minimum energy level to be ignited, but this energy depends especially on the temperature of the tube. The lower the temperature is, the more energeticthe lamp strike is. 1 This energy stored in the ballast is directly proportional to the ISO (E = LI 2 with I=ISO). 2 In other words, the required energy and of course the ISO, are maximum for the minimum temperature. Results based on experiments show that it is necessary to switch off a current of 350mA to strike a 58W tube at -20C (with a voltage amplitude clamped at 1300V). Therefore, the best way to strike a tube independentlyof the temperature is to keep the maximum ISO level for all the temperature range. Unfortunately,the solution is not so simple to implement because the energy level at ambient or warm temperature would be much important: the lamp would be ignited, but the lamp life time would be shortened. This is why one of the innovations of the ASD is to modulate the striking energy versus temperature (see feature hereafter). ISO EFS KIT profile 350 mA Conventional GTO profile t (°C) -20°C 0°C 20°C 40°C 75°C For negative temperatures,the ISO levelis maintainedat 350 mA, and for positive temperature,the I SO level decreases slowly, a little bit above the conventionalGTO profile. 7/13 EFS 3/ AUXILIARY POWER SUPPLY: In order to reduce the number of components, an auxiliary power supply is integrated in the ASD. This active power supply works directly on the mains and requiresonly a low voltage capacitor 16V - 22µF. This output capacitor is charged at the beginning and the end of each positive mains half cycle. During the preheat period, a part of the current flowing through the ASD is used to charge the output capacitor, so there is no line current distortion. When the tube is ignited, the power supply capacitor is periodically recharged by the ASD in order to allow proper tube supervision by the whole starter kit. 4/ THE DRIVER: FUNCTIONNAL DESCRIPTION ALGORITHM AC MAINS ON 1. At switch on: At switch on, an integrated Under Voltage Lock-Out function (UVLO) resets the driver as long as the supply voltage stays below a security level. 2. Pre-heat: The ignition sequence begins with the preheat. Two different durations can be selected with PIN 2 (Pre-heat select). PIN 2 connected to GND If Pin 2 = GND, preheat = 1.5s. PIN 2 connected to VCC If Pin 2 = Vcc, preheat = 2.5s. During the preheat,the driver maintains the ASD in a full ON-state, thus making the starter equivalent to a conducting switch. UVLO RESET Pre-heat 1.5s or 2.5s Strike Attempt = Attempt + 1 Pre-heat 0.75s or 1.25s Loop 2 Tube Ignited? YES NO Autosupply Loop 3 YES Attempt <8 Fail = Fail + 1 NO Fail = 8 Fail = 0 NO Attempt = 0 Fail = 8 YES Fail = 0 Autosupply 3. Ignition of the fluorescent tube: At the end of the pre-heat period, the starter strikes the fluorescent tube. For that, the driver reads continuouslythe currentthrough the starter.When the currentreaches the Switch Off level (I SO=350mA), the driver turns off the ASD. This induces a high voltage pulse across the tube. This pulse is limited by the ASD breakdown voltage (≈1350V). 4. If the tube fails to strike: The driver detects the state of the tube (on or off). If it stays off during 8 mains cycles (loop 1), a new pre-heat period, shorter than the first one, starts again (loop 3), followed by a new ignition attempt. The driver will try to fire the tube 8 times. If none of the 8 attempts succeeds in striking the tube, the driver turns in stand-by mode, and the whole starter is fully stopped until the next mains removal and power supply reset. 5. If the tube is ignited: If the tube is ignited, the driver stays in stand-by mode while monitoring the state of the tube (loop 2).The ASD applies a shorthigh voltage pulse (≅ 1mJ)at the beginningof eachpositive half cycle. If somespurious cut off occurs on the mains (micro sags), the lamp turns off momentarly. This short pulse is enough to sustain the arc in the lamp, avoiding a new complete ignition sequence. During normal operation of the tube, this short pulse is masked by the tube conduction. If the mains interruption is really long enough to turn off completly the lamp, a new ignition sequence starts again (loop 3) with 8 other new possible attempts. 8/13 EFS The internal block diagram of the driver State tube detection (Striked / Off) State tube Shunt Clock 1/8 Pre-heat period counter 0 current synchro ISO synchro 350mA 8 attempts Strikes counter 1,5s or 2.5s Pre-heat Select Current generator 30mA G2 UVLO G1 Vcc Minimum Power supply GND 5/ EFS STARLIGHT KIT: FLUORESCENT LAMP IGNITION 5.1. OPERATION ON 230V/50Hz AC MAINS IN SINGLE LAMP CONFIGURATION The EFS STARLIGHT KIT is ideal in the configuration described herebelow - Single Starter / 230V / 50Hz -. T U B E SINGLE AC MAINS 230V The components to choose are the following: Applications Conditions AC mains Single 230V - 50Hz Recommended Components Starter Kit EFS 1/2/3 (note 5) Ballast Power Range 18 to 125W R1 150kΩ - 0.25W - 5% Temperature - 40 to 85°C R2 1kΩ - 0.25W - 5% R3 0.39Ω - 0.25W - 5% Csupply 22µF - 16 V - 10% Note 5: the different EFS kit versions (1, 2 or 3) should be chosen according to the table ”EFS STA RLIGHT KIT PARTS SELECTION” page 2. 9/13 EFS 5.2. OPERATION WITH CAPACITOR FOR POWER FACTOR CORRECTION: The EFS STARLIGHT- KIT is also suitable for magneticballast including front end serial capacitor (leading ballast) or parallel shunt capacitor. Nevertheless with front end serial capacitor, only one ignition attempt will be performed. After this first attemp, the serial capacitor superimposes a -300V DC voltage on the mains voltage. This offset masks the starter which detects the tube lamp as systematicaly alight. LEADING MAGNETI C BALLAST WITH SERIAL CAPACIT OR T U B E MAGNETIC BALLAST WITH SHUNT PARALLEL CAPACITOR AC MAINS 230V T U B E AC MAINS 230V With a front end parallel capacitor, the ignition process remains normal with 8 attempts in case of defective lamps. Applications Conditions AC mains Ballast Power Range Temperature Recommended Components Twin series 230V - 50Hz or single 115V - 50Hz Starter Kit R1 150kΩ - 0.25W - 5% R2 R3 2kΩ - 0.25W - 5% Csupply 22µF 16 V 10% 18 to 36W - 40 to 85°C EFS 1/2/3 0.39Ω - 0.25W - 5% 5.3. OPERATION ON 230V/50HzAC MAINS IN TWIN TUBES CONFIGURATION OR 115V/50Hz MAINS IN SIGNLE LAMP CONFIGURATION Moreover, the EFS STARLIGHT-KIT is also suitable for the configurations - Twin tubes Starter / 230V / 50Hz, and Single Starter / 115V / 50Hz -. The components to choose are the following (Refer to the table ”EFS STARLIGHT- KIT PARTS SELECTION” page 2.) With the above set of components, the ignition process is exactly the same as the one described in the algorithm page 7. The only electrical diagram difference consists of the R2 resistance which needs to be changed from 1 to 2kΩ. Without this modification, the starter will generate only one ignition attempt instead of 8 in case of defective tube lamp; the loop 3 is removed from the algorithm described in page 7. BALLAST T U B E T U B E 10/13 STARTER OFF 115V 115V TWIN TUBE AC MAINS 230V 230V / 50HZ ALIGHT Rotate of 180° only one starter SOCKET FLUORESCENT TUBE OFF ALIGHT EFS PACKAGE MECHANICAL DATA SO14 (Driver) Dim. Millimeters Inches Min. Typ. Max. Min. Typ. Max. A c1 C a2 b A e S e3 0.2 0.004 0.008 a2 b 0.35 1.6 0.46 0.014 0.063 0.018 b1 0.19 b1 0.25 0.007 0.010 C D E 8 0.020 o 45 (typ.) 7 8.55 5.8 e 8.75 0.336 6.2 0.228 1.27 0.334 0.244 0.050 e3 F 3.8 4.0 0.150 0.157 G 4.6 5.3 0.181 0.208 L M 0.5 1.27 0.020 0.68 0.050 0.027 S 0.5 M F 1 0.1 c1 D 14 a1 E 0.069 a1 G L 1.75 7.62 0.300 o 8 (max.) 11/13 EFS PACKAGE MECHANICAL DATA Pentawatt HV with lead forming - TL5 (ASD) DIMENSIONS REF. 1 2 3 4 5 B Millimeters Min. Typ. Max. Min. 0.6 0.8 C C D B D E F K G L J I M H P + Q 3 1 2 5 4 - R SS N O 12/13 N Inches 0.024 2.54 4.91 Typ. Max. 0.031 0.10 5.21 0.193 0.205 E 3.91 0.154 F 7.92 0.312 G 10.1 10.4 0.398 0.409 H 15.1 15.8 0.595 0.622 I 2.6 J 3 0.102 0.118 3.65 3.85 0.144 0.151 K 4.3 4.8 0.169 0.189 L 1.17 1.37 0.046 0.054 M 6 6.6 0.236 0.260 N 0.5 0.020 O 3.3 0.130 P 2.4 2.8 0.094 Q 1.49 1.59 1.69 0.059 0.063 0.067 R 2.44 2.54 2.64 0.096 0.10 0.104 S 0.35 0.55 0.014 0.110 0.021 EFS PACKAGE MECHANICAL DATA Pentawatt HV with straight lead - T5 (ASD) DIMENSIONS REF. A E c1 Millimeters Inches Min. Typ. Max. Min. Typ. Max. A 4.30 4.80 0.169 0.188 A1 2.50 3.10 0.098 0.122 b 0.60 0.80 0.023 0.031 b1 0.75 0.90 0.029 0.035 c 0.35 0.55 0.013 0.021 c1 1.22 1.42 0.048 0.055 D 9.00 9.35 0.354 0.368 D1 15.20 15.80 0.598 0.622 e 2.44 2.64 0.096 0.103 e1 3.71 3.91 0.146 0.155 E 10.00 10.40 0.393 0.409 L 22.32 22.92 0.878 0.902 L1 25.10 25.70 0.988 1.011 P 3.65 3.95 0.143 0.155 S 2.55 3.05 0.100 0.120 ØP S D1 D L L1 Gate b1 e e1 C b A1 Information furnished is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, SGS-THOMSON Microelectronics assumes no responsibility for the consequences of use of such information nor for any infringement of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of SGS-THOMSON Microelectronics. Specifications mentioned in this publication are subject to change without notice. This publication supersedes and replaces all information previously supplied. SGS-THOMSON Microelectronics products are not authorizedfor use as critical components in life support devices or systems without express written approval of SGS-THOMSON Microelectronics. 1998 SGS-THOMSON Microelectronics - Printed in Italy - All rights reserved. SGS-THOMSON Microelectronics GROUP OF COMPANIES Australia - Brazil - Canada - China - France - Germany - Italy - Japan - Korea - Malaysia - Malta - Morocco - The Netherlands Singapore - Spain - Sweden - Switzerland - Taiwan - Thailand - United Kingdom - U.S.A. 13/13