NSC LMP2012MM High precision, rail-to-rail output operational amplifier Datasheet

October 2004
LMP2011 Single/ LMP2012 Dual/ LMP2014 Quad
High Precision, Rail-to-Rail Output Operational Amplifier
General Description
Features
The LMP201X is a new precision amplifier family that offers
unprecedented accuracy and stability at an affordable price
and is offered in miniature packages. This device utilizes
patented techniques to measure and continually correct the
input offset error voltage. The result is an amplifier which is
ultra stable over time and temperature. It has excellent
CMRR and PSRR ratings, and does not exhibit the familiar
1/f voltage and current noise increase that plagues traditional amplifiers. The combination of the LMP201X characteristics makes it a good choice for transducer amplifiers,
high gain configurations, ADC buffer amplifiers, DAC I-V
conversion, and any other 2.7V-5V application requiring precision and long term stability.
Other useful benefits of the LMP201X are rail-to-rail output,
a low supply current of 930 µA, and wide gain-bandwidth
product of 3 MHz. These extremely versatile features found
in the LMP201X provide high performance and ease of use.
(For VS = 5V, Typical unless otherwise noted)
n Low guaranteed VOS over temperature
n Low noise with no 1/f
n High CMRR
n High PSRR
n High AVOL
n Wide gain-bandwidth product
n High slew rate
n Low supply current
n Rail-to-rail output
n No external capacitors required
60 µV
35nV/
130 dB
120 dB
130 dB
3MHz
4V/µs
930µA
30mV
Applications
n Precision instrumentation amplifiers
n Thermocouple amplifiers
n Strain gauge bridge amplifier
Connection Diagrams
5-Pin SOT23
8-Pin SOIC
8-Pin MSOP
20071538
20071502
Top View
Top View
20071542
Top View
14-Pin TSSOP
14-Pin LLP
20071539
Top View
20071541
Top View
© 2004 National Semiconductor Corporation
DS200715
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LMP2011 Single/ LMP2012 Dual/ LMP2014 Quad High Precision, Rail-to-Rail Output Operational
Amplifier
PRELIMINARY
LMP2011 Single/ LMP2012 Dual/ LMP2014 Quad
Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1)
Current at Output Pin
30 mA
If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required,
please contact the National Semiconductor Sales Office/
Distributors for availability and specifications.
Current at Power Supply Pin
50 mA
Operating Ratings (Note 1)
ESD Tolerance
Human Body Model
Supply Voltage
2000V
Machine Model
Supply Voltage
Common-Mode Input
Voltage
200V
5.8V
Operating Temperature Range
−0.3 ≤ VCM ≤ VCC +0.3V
Lead Temperature
(soldering 10 sec.)
Differential Input Voltage
Current at Input Pin
2.7V to 5.25V
Storage Temperature Range
−65˚C to 150˚C
LMP2011MF, LMP2011MFX
−40˚C to 125˚C
LMP2011MA, LPM2011MAX
−40˚C to 125˚C
LMP2012MM, LMP2011MMX
−40˚C to 125˚C
+300˚C
LMP2014SD, LMP2014SDX
−40˚C to 125˚C
± Supply Voltage
LMP2014MT, LMP2014MTX
0˚C to 70˚C
30 mA
2.7V DC Electrical Characteristics
V+ = 2.7V, V- = 0V, V
TCVOS
Unless otherwise specified, all limits guaranteed for T J = 25˚C,
= 1.35V, VO = 1.35V and RL > 1 MΩ. Boldface limits apply at the temperature extremes.
Typ
(Note 2)
Max
(Note 3)
Input Offset Voltage
0.8
25
60
µV
Offset Calibration Time
0.5
10
12
ms
Symbol
VOS
CM
Parameter
Conditions
Min
(Note 3)
Units
Input Offset Voltage
0.015
µV/˚C
Long-Term Offset Drift
0.006
µV/month
Lifetime VOS Drift
2.5
µV
IIN
Input Current
-3
pA
IOS
Input Offset Current
6
pA
RIND
Input Differential Resistance
CMRR
Common Mode Rejection
Ratio
PSRR
Power Supply Rejection Ratio
AVOL
Open Loop Voltage Gain
VO
Output Swing
9
−0.3 ≤ VCM ≤ 0.9V
0 ≤ VCM ≤ 0.9V
95
90
dB
120
95
90
dB
RL = 10 kΩ
130
95
90
RL = 2 kΩ
124
90
85
RL = 10 kΩ to 1.35V
VIN(diff) = ± 0.5V
2.665
2.655
RL = 2 kΩ to 1.35V
VIN(diff) = ± 0.5V
Output Current
ROUT
Output Impedance
IS
Supply Current per Channel
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2.630
2.615
dB
2.68
0.033
IO
MΩ
130
0.060
0.075
V
2.65
0.061
0.085
0.105
Sourcing, VO = 0V
VIN(diff) = ± 0.5V
12
5
3
Sinking, VO = 5V
VIN(diff) = ± 0.5V
18
5
3
0.919
1.20
1.50
V
mA
Ω
2
mA
TJ = 25˚C, V+ = 2.7V, V - = 0V, VCM = 1.35V, VO = 1.35V, and RL
> 1 MΩ. Boldface limits apply at the temperature extremes.
Symbol
Parameter
GBW
Gain-Bandwidth Product
SR
θm
Min
(Note 3)
Conditions
Typ
(Note 2)
Max
(Note 3)
Units
3
MHz
Slew Rate
4
V/µs
Phase Margin
60
Deg
Gm
Gain Margin
−14
en
Input-Referred Voltage Noise
35
in
Input-Referred Current Noise
enp-p
Input-Referred Voltage Noise
trec
Input Overload Recovery Time
tS
Output Settling time
dB
nV/
pA/
RS = 100Ω, DC to 10 Hz
AV = +1, RL = 2 kΩ
1V Step
850
nVpp
50
ms
1%
0.1%
0.01%
AV = −1, RL = 2 kΩ
1V Step
ns
1%
0.1%
0.01%
5V DC Electrical Characteristics
-
5V, V = 0V, V
Symbol
VOS
TCVOS
CM
Unless otherwise specified, all limits guaranteed for T
= 2.5V, VO = 2.5V and RL > 1MΩ. Boldface limits apply at the temperature extremes.
= 25˚C, V+ =
Typ
(Note 2)
Max
(Note 3)
Input Offset Voltage
0.12
25
60
µV
Offset Calibration Time
0.5
10
12
ms
Parameter
Conditions
Min
(Note 3)
J
Units
Input Offset Voltage
0.015
µV/˚C
Long-Term Offset Drift
0.006
µV/month
Lifetime VOS Drift
2.5
µV
IIN
Input Current
-3
pA
IOS
Input Offset Current
6
pA
RIND
Input Differential Resistance
9
MΩ
CMRR
Common Mode Rejection
Ratio
PSRR
Power Supply Rejection Ratio
AVOL
Open Loop Voltage Gain
VO
Output Swing
−0.3 ≤ VCM ≤ 3.2
0 ≤ VCM ≤ 3.2
130
100
90
dB
120
95
90
dB
RL = 10 kΩ
130
105
100
RL = 2 kΩ
132
95
90
RL = 10 kΩ to 2.5V
VIN(diff) = ± 0.5V
4.96
4.95
4.978
0.040
4.895
4.875
RL = 2 kΩ to 2.5V
VIN(diff) = ± 0.5V
0.070
0.085
V
4.919
0.091
3
dB
0.115
0.140
V
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LMP2011 Single/ LMP2012 Dual/ LMP2014 Quad
2.7V AC Electrical Characteristics
LMP2011 Single/ LMP2012 Dual/ LMP2014 Quad
5V DC Electrical Characteristics Unless otherwise specified, all limits guaranteed for T J = 25˚C, V+ =
5V, V- = 0V, V
Symbol
IO
CM
= 2.5V, VO = 2.5V and RL > 1MΩ. Boldface limits apply at the temperature extremes. (Continued)
Typ
(Note 2)
Max
(Note 3)
Sourcing, VO = 0V
VIN(diff) = ± 0.5V
15
8
6
Sinking, VO = 5V
V IN(diff) = ± 0.5V
17
8
6
Parameter
Min
(Note 3)
Conditions
Output Current
Units
mA
Ω
ROUT
Output Impedance
IS
Supply Current per Channel
0.930
1.20
1.50
mA
5V AC Electrical Characteristics
TJ = 25˚C, V+ = 5V, V - = 0V, VCM = 2.5V, VO = 2.5V, and RL >
1MΩ. Boldface limits apply at the temperature extremes.
Symbol
Parameter
GBW
Gain-Bandwidth Product
SR
θm
Min
(Note 3)
Conditions
Typ
(Note 2)
Max
(Note 3)
Units
3
MHz
Slew Rate
4
V/µs
Phase Margin
60
deg
Gm
Gain Margin
−15
dB
35
en
Input-Referred Voltage Noise
in
Input-Referred Current Noise
enp-p
Input-Referred Voltage Noise
trec
Input Overload Recovery Time
tS
Output Settling time
nV/
pA/
RS = 100Ω, DC to 10 Hz
AV = +1, RL = 2 kΩ
1V Step
850
nVpp
50
ms
1%
0.1%
0.01%
AV = −1, RL = 2 kΩ
1V Step
ns
1%
0.1%
0.01%
Note 1: Absolute Maximum Ratings indicate limits beyond which damage may occur. Operating Ratings indicate conditions for which the device is intended to be
functional, but specific performance is not guaranteed. For guaranteed specifications and test conditions, see the Electrical Characteristics.
Note 2: Typical values represent the most likely parametric norm.
Note 3: Limits are 100% production tested at 25˚C. Limits over the operating temperature range are guaranteed through correlations using statistical quality control
(SQC) method.
Ordering Information
Package
Part Number
5-Pin
SOT23
LMP2011MFX
8-Pin
MSOP
LMP2012MMX
AN1A
LMP2012MM
LMP2011MA
LMP2011MAX
14-Pin
LLP
LMP2014SDX
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Package Marking
LMP2011MF
8-Pin
SOIC
14-Pin
TSSOP
Temperature
Range
AP1A
−40˚C to 125˚C
LMP2011MA
LMP2014SD
LMP2014MT
LMP2014MTX
P2014SD
0˚C to 70˚C
LMP2014MT
4
Transport Media
1k Units Tape and Reel
3k Units Tape and Reel
1k Units Tape and Reel
3.5k Units Tape and Reel
95 Units/Rail
2.5k Units Tape and Reel
250 Units Tape and Reel
2.5 Units Tape and Reel
94 Units/Rail
2.5k Units Tape and Reel
NSC Drawing
MF05A
MUA08A
M08A
SRC14A
MTC14
LMP2011 Single/ LMP2012 Dual/ LMP2014 Quad
Typical Performance Characteristics
TA =25C, VS = 5V unless otherwise specified.
Supply Current vs. Supply Voltage
Offset Voltage vs. Supply Voltage
20071525
20071524
Offset Voltage vs. Common Mode
Offset Voltage vs. Common Mode
20071535
20071534
Voltage Noise vs. Frequency
Input Bias Current vs. Common Mode
20071503
20071504
5
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LMP2011 Single/ LMP2012 Dual/ LMP2014 Quad
Typical Performance Characteristics
(Continued)
PSRR vs. Frequency
PSRR vs. Frequency
20071507
20071506
Output Sourcing @ 2.7V
Output Sourcing @ 5V
20071527
20071526
Output Sinking @ 2.7V
Output Sinking @ 5V
20071528
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20071529
6
(Continued)
Max Output Swing vs. Supply Voltage
Max Output Swing vs. Supply Voltage
20071530
20071531
Min Output Swing vs. Supply Voltage
Min Output Swing vs. Supply Voltage
20071532
20071533
CMRR vs. Frequency
Open Loop Gain and Phase vs. Supply Voltage
20071508
20071505
7
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LMP2011 Single/ LMP2012 Dual/ LMP2014 Quad
Typical Performance Characteristics
LMP2011 Single/ LMP2012 Dual/ LMP2014 Quad
Typical Performance Characteristics
(Continued)
Open Loop Gain and Phase vs. RL @ 2.7V
Open Loop Gain and Phase vs. RL @ 5V
20071509
20071510
Open Loop Gain and Phase vs. CL @ 2.7V
Open Loop Gain and Phase vs. CL @ 5V
20071512
20071511
Open Loop Gain and Phase vs. Temperature @ 2.7V
Open Loop Gain and Phase vs. Temperature @ 5V
20071536
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20071537
8
(Continued)
THD+N vs. AMPL
THD+N vs. Frequency
20071513
20071514
0.1 Hz − 10 Hz Noise vs. Time
20071515
9
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LMP2011 Single/ LMP2012 Dual/ LMP2014 Quad
Typical Performance Characteristics
LMP2011 Single/ LMP2012 Dual/ LMP2014 Quad
Application Information
THE BENEFITS OF LMP201X
NO 1/f NOISE
Using patented methods, the LMP201X eliminates the 1/f
noise present in other amplifiers. That noise, which increases as frequency decreases, is a major source of measurement error in all DC-coupled measurements. Lowfrequency noise appears as a constantly-changing signal in
series with any measurement being made. As a result, even
when the measurement is made rapidly, this constantlychanging noise signal will corrupt the result. The value of this
noise signal can be surprisingly large. For example: If a
conventional amplifier has a flat-band noise level of 10nV/
and a noise corner of 10 Hz, the RMS noise at 0.001
. This is equivalent to a 0.50 µV peak-toHz is 1µV/
peak error, in the frequency range 0.001 Hz to 1.0 Hz. In a
circuit with a gain of 1000, this produces a 0.50 mV peakto-peak output error. This number of 0.001 Hz might appear
unreasonably low, but when a data acquisition system is
operating for 17 minutes, it has been on long enough to
include this error. In this same time, the LMP201X will only
have a 0.21 mV output error. This is smaller by 2.4 x. Keep
in mind that this 1/f error gets even larger at lower frequencies. At the extreme, many people try to reduce this error by
integrating or taking several samples of the same signal.
This is also doomed to failure because the 1/f nature of this
noise means that taking longer samples just moves the
measurement into lower frequencies where the noise level is
even higher.
20071516
FIGURE 1.
The wide bandwidth of the LMP201X enhances performance
when it is used as an amplifier to drive loads that inject
transients back into the output. ADCs (Analog-to-Digital Converters) and multiplexers are examples of this type of load.
To simulate this type of load, a pulse generator producing a
1V peak square wave was connected to the output through a
10 pF capacitor. (Figure 1) The typical time for the output to
recover to 1% of the applied pulse is 80 ns. To recover to
0.1% requires 860ns. This rapid recovery is due to the wide
bandwidth of the output stage and large total GBW.
NO EXTERNAL CAPACITORS REQUIRED
The LMP201X does not need external capacitors. This eliminates the problems caused by capacitor leakage and dielectric absorption, which can cause delays of several seconds
from turn-on until the amplifier’s error has settled.
The LMP201X eliminates this source of error. The noise
level is constant with frequency so that reducing the bandwidth reduces the errors caused by noise.
Another source of error that is rarely mentioned is the error
voltage caused by the inadvertent thermocouples created
when the common "Kovar type" IC package lead materials
are soldered to a copper printed circuit board. These steelbased leadframe materials can produce over 35 µV/˚C when
soldered onto a copper trace. This can result in thermocouple noise that is equal to the LMP201X noise when there
is a temperature difference of only 0.0014˚C between the
lead and the board!
For this reason, the lead-frame of the LMP201X is made of
copper. This results in equal and opposite junctions which
cancel this effect. The extremely small size of the SOT-23
package results in the leads being very close together. This
further reduces the probability of temperature differences
and hence decreases thermal noise.
MORE BENEFITS
The LMP201X offers the benefits mentioned above and
more. It has a rail-to-rail output and consumes only 950 µA of
supply current while providing excellent DC and AC electrical
performance. In DC performance, the LMP201X achieves
130 dB of CMRR, 120 dB of PSRR and 130 dB of open loop
gain. In AC performance, the LMP201X provides 3 MHz of
gain-bandwidth product and 4 V/µs of slew rate.
HOW THE LMP201X WORKS
The LMP201X uses new, patented techniques to achieve the
high DC accuracy traditionally associated with chopperstabilized amplifiers without the major drawbacks produced
by chopping. The LMP201X continuously monitors the input
offset and corrects this error. The conventional chopping
process produces many mixing products, both sums and
differences, between the chopping frequency and the incoming signal frequency. This mixing causes large amounts of
distortion, particularly when the signal frequency approaches
the chopping frequency. Even without an incoming signal,
the chopper harmonics mix with each other to produce even
more trash. If this sounds unlikely or difficult to understand,
look at the plot (Figure 2), of the output of a typical (MAX432)
chopper-stabilized op amp. This is the output when there is
no incoming signal, just the amplifier in a gain of -10 with the
input grounded. The chopper is operating at about 150 Hz;
the rest is mixing products. Add an input signal and the noise
gets much worse. Compare this plot with Figure 3 of the
LMP201X. This data was taken under the exact same conditions. The auto-zero action is visible at about 30 kHz but
note the absence of mixing products at other frequencies. As
a result, the LMP201X has very low distortion of 0.02% and
very low mixing products.
OVERLOAD RECOVERY
The LMP201X recovers from input overload much faster
than most chopper-stabilized op amps. Recovery from driving the amplifier to 2X the full scale output, only requires
about 40 ms. Many chopper-stabilized amplifiers will take
from 250 ms to several seconds to recover from this same
overload. This is because large capacitors are used to store
the unadjusted offset voltage.
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10
PRECISION STRAIN-GAUGE AMPLIFIER
This Strain-Gauge amplifier (Figure 4) provides high gain
(1006 or ~60 dB) with very low offset and drift. Using the
resistors’ tolerances as shown, the worst case CMRR will be
greater than 108 dB. The CMRR is directly related to the
resistor mismatch. The rejection of common-mode error, at
the output, is independent of the differential gain, which is
set by R3. The CMRR is further improved, if the resistor ratio
matching is improved, by specifying tighter-tolerance resistors, or by trimming.
(Continued)
20071517
FIGURE 2.
20071518
FIGURE 4.
Extending Supply Voltages and Output Swing by Using
a Composite Amplifier Configuration:
In cases where substantially higher output swing is required
with higher supply voltages, arrangements like the ones
shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6 could be used. These
configurations utilize the excellent DC performance of the
LMP201X while at the same time allow the superior voltage
and frequency capabilities of the LM6171 to set the dynamic
performance of the overall amplifier. For example, it is possible to achieve ± 12V output swing with 300 MHz of overall
GBW (AV = 100) while keeping the worst case output shift
due to VOS less than 4 mV. The LMP201X output voltage is
kept at about mid-point of its overall supply voltage, and its
input common mode voltage range allows the V- terminal to
be grounded in one case (Figure 5, inverting operation) and
tied to a small non-critical negative bias in another (Figure 6,
non-inverting operation). Higher closed-loop gains are also
possible with a corresponding reduction in realizable bandwidth. Table 1 shows some other closed loop gain possibilities along with the measured performance in each case.
20071504
FIGURE 3.
INPUT CURRENTS
The LMP201X’s input currents are different than standard
bipolar or CMOS input currents in that it appears as a current
flowing in one input and out the other. Under most operating
conditions, these currents are in the picoamp level and will
have little or no effect in most circuits. These currents tend to
increase slightly when the common-mode voltage is near the
minus supply. (See the typical curves.) At high temperatures
such as 85˚C, the input currents become larger, 0.5 nA
typical, and are both positive except when the VCM is near
V−. If operation is expected at low common-mode voltages
and high temperature, do not add resistance in series with
the inputs to balance the impedances. Doing this can cause
an increase in offset voltage. A small resistance such as 1
kΩ can provide some protection against very large transients
or overloads, and will not increase the offset significantly.
11
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LMP2011 Single/ LMP2012 Dual/ LMP2014 Quad
Application Information
LMP2011 Single/ LMP2012 Dual/ LMP2014 Quad
Application Information
(Continued)
20071520
FIGURE 6.
20071519
It should be kept in mind that in order to minimize the output
noise voltage for a given closed-loop gain setting, one could
minimize the overall bandwidth. As can be seen from Equation 1 above, the output noise has a square-root relationship
to the Bandwidth.
In the case of the inverting configuration, it is also possible to
increase the input impedance of the overall amplifier, by
raising the value of R1, without having to increase the feedback resistor, R2, to impractical values, by utilizing a "Tee"
network as feedback. See the LMC6442 data sheet (Application Notes section) for more details on this.
FIGURE 5.
TABLE 1. Composite Amplifier Measured Performance
AV
R1
Ω
R2
Ω
C2
pF
BW
MHz
SR en p-p
(V/µs) (mVPP)
50
200
10k
8
3.3
178
37
100
100
10k
10
2.5
174
70
100
1k
100k
0.67
3.1
170
70
500
200
100k
1.75
1.4
96
250
1000
100
100k
2.2
0.98
64
400
In terms of the measured output peak-to-peak noise, the
following relationship holds between output noise voltage, en
p-p, for different closed-loop gain, AV, settings, where −3 dB
Bandwidth is BW:
20071521
FIGURE 7.
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12
1/f corner frequency = 100 Hz
AV = 2000
(Continued)
LMP201X AS ADC INPUT AMPLIFIER
Measurement time = 100 sec
Bandwidth = 2 Hz
The LMP201X is a great choice for an amplifier stage immediately before the input of an ADC (Analog-to-Digital Converter), whether AC or DC coupled. See Figure 7 and Figure
8. This is because of the following important characteristics:
A) Very low offset voltage and offset voltage drift over time
and temperature allow a high closed-loop gain setting
without introducing any short-term or long-term errors.
For example, when set to a closed-loop gain of 100 as
the analog input amplifier for a 12-bit A/D converter, the
overall conversion error over full operation temperature
and 30 years life of the part (operating at 50˚C) would be
less than 5 LSBs.
This example will result in about 2.2 mVPP (1.9 LSB) of
output noise contribution due to the op amp alone, compared to about 594 µVPP (less than 0.5 LSB) when that
op amp is replaced with the LMP201X which has no 1/f
contribution. If the measurement time is increased from
100 seconds to 1 hour, the improvement realized by
using the LMP201X would be a factor of about 4.8 times
(2.86 mVPP compared to 596 µV when LMP201X is
used) mainly because the LMP201X accuracy is not
compromised by increasing the observation time.
D) Copper leadframe construction minimizes any thermocouple effects which would degrade low level/high gain
data conversion application accuracy (see discussion
under "The Benefits of the LMP201X" section above).
E) Rail-to-Rail output swing maximizes the ADC dynamic
range in 5-Volt single-supply converter applications. Below are some typical block diagrams showing the
LMP201X used as an ADC amplifier (Figure 7 and Figure
8).
B) Fast large-signal settling time to 0.01% of final value (1.4
µs) allows 12 bit accuracy at 100 KHZ or more sampling
rate.
C) No flicker (1/f) noise means unsurpassed data accuracy
over any measurement period of time, no matter how
long. Consider the following op amp performance, based
on a typical low-noise, high-performance commerciallyavailable device, for comparison:
Op amp flatband noise = 8nV/
20071522
FIGURE 8.
13
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LMP2011 Single/ LMP2012 Dual/ LMP2014 Quad
Application Information
LMP2011 Single/ LMP2012 Dual/ LMP2014 Quad
Physical Dimensions
inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted
5-Pin SOT23
NS Package Number MF0A5
8-Pin MSOP
NS Package Number MUA08A
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14
LMP2011 Single/ LMP2012 Dual/ LMP2014 Quad
Physical Dimensions
inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted (Continued)
8-Pin SOIC
NS Package Number M08A
14-Pin TSSOP
NS Package Number MTC14
15
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LMP2011 Single/ LMP2012 Dual/ LMP2014 Quad High Precision, Rail-to-Rail Output Operational
Amplifier
Physical Dimensions
inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted (Continued)
14-LLP
NS Package Number SRC14A
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the right at any time without notice to change said circuitry and specifications.
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Email: [email protected]
Tel: 81-3-5639-7560
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