Vicor DCM4623XC8G16F0YZZ Isolated, regulated dc converter Datasheet

DCM™ DC-DC Converter
DCM4623xC8G16F0yzz
(Previous part DCM290P138T600A40)
S
C
NRTL
US
Isolated, Regulated DC Converter
Features & Benefits
Product Ratings
• Isolated, regulated DC-DC converter
Operating Input (V)
• Up to 600W, 43.5A continuous
• 93% peak efficiency
• 1239 W/in3 Power density
Output Power
Max (W)
Output Voltage (V)
100% load, 25°C
VOUT = 13.8V
(11.5V to 15.5V Trim)
Min
Nom
Max
200
290
378
600
420
500
160
• Wide extended input range 160 – 420VDC
• Safety Extra Low Voltage (SELV) 13.8V Nominal Output
P (W)
• 4242VDC isolation
600
• ZVS high frequency (MHz) switching
500
nnEnables low-profile, high-density filtering
• Optimized for array operation
nnUp to 8 units – 4800W
nnNo power derating needed
nnSharing strategy permits dissimilar line voltages
across an array
160 200
378
420 Vin (V)
Product Description
The DCM Isolated, Regulated DC Converter is a DC-DC converter,
operating from an unregulated, wide range input to generate an
isolated 13.8VDC output. With its high frequency zero voltage
switching (ZVS) topology, the DCM converter consistently delivers
high efficiency across the input line range.
• Fully operational current limit
• OV, OC, UV, short circuit and thermal protection
• 4623 through-hole ChiP package
nn1.886” x 0.898” x 0.286”
(47.91mm x 22.8mm x 7.26mm)
Modular DCM converters and downstream DC-DC products support
efficient power distribution, providing superior power system
performance and connectivity from a variety of unregulated power
sources to the point-of-load.
Typical Applications
Leveraging the thermal and density benefits of Vicor’s ChiP
packaging technology, the DCM module offers flexible thermal
management options with very low top and bottom side thermal
impedances. Thermally-adept ChiP based power components
enable customers to achieve cost effective power system solutions
with previously unattainable system size, weight and efficiency
attributes, quickly and predictably.
• Transportation
• Industrial Systems
• Electric Vehicle (EV) / Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV)
• On-board Power
Part Ordering Information
Product
Function
Package Size
Package
Type
Max
Input
Voltage
Range
Ratio
Max
Output
Voltage
Max
Output
Power
Temperature
Grade
Version
C8
G
16
F0
y
zz
T = -40°C – 125°C
M = -55°C – 125°C
00 = Analog Control
Interface Version
DCM
46
23
x
DCM =
DC-DC
Converter
Length
in mm
x 10
Width
in mm
x 10
T = ChiP TH
DCM™ DC-DC Converter
Page 1 of 26
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Internal Reference
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Typical Application
VTR
DCM1
R2_1
TR
R3_1
R1_1
EN
FT
SW1_1
L2_1
HV battery
(160-420V)
L1_1
+IN
+OUT
COUT-EXT-1
C1_1
-IN
-OUT
C5
LV battery
(12V)
DCM2
R2_2
TR
R3_2
R1_2
C4
EN
FT
SW1_2
L2_2
L1_2
+IN
+OUT
-IN
-OUT
COUT-EXT-2
C1_2
DCM4
R2_4
TR
R3_4
R1_4
EN
FT
SW1_4
L2_4
L1_4
+IN
+OUT
COUT-EXT-4
C1_4
-IN
-OUT
Typical Application 1: DCM290P138T600A40 for EV/HEV applications
DCM1
TR
RTR1
R1_1
R3_1
SW1_1
EN
FT
13.8V
L2_1
300V
L1_1
+IN
+OUT
COUT-EXT-1
C1_1
-IN
-OUT
Picor CoolPower
C4
C5
5V
ZVS Buck
Picor CoolPower
ZVS Buck
Picor CoolPower
ZVS Buck
DCM2
TR
RTR2
R1_2
R3_2
EN
Picor CoolPower
FT
ZVS Buck
SW1_2
L2_2
200V
L1_2
+IN
+OUT
COUT-EXT-2
C1_2
-IN
Rev 1.1
01/2017
ZVS Buck
Picor CoolPower
-OUT
ZVS Buck
Typical Application 2: DCM290P138T600A40 + Picor Point-of-Load
DCM™ DC-DC Converter
Page 2 of 26
Picor CoolPower
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Pin Configuration
TOP VIEW
1
2
+IN
A
A’
+OUT
TR
B
B’
-OUT
EN
C
FT
D
-IN
E
C’ +OUT
D’
-OUT
4623 ChiP Package
Pin Descriptions
Pin
Number
Signal Name
Type
A1
+IN
INPUT POWER
B1
TR
INPUT
Enables and disables trim functionality. Adjusts output voltage when trim active.
C1
EN
INPUT
Enables and disables power supply
D1
FT
OUTPUT
E1
-IN
INPUT POWER
RETURN
Negative input power terminal
A’2, C’2
+OUT
OUTPUT POWER
Positive output power terminal
B’2, D’2
-OUT
OUTPUT POWER
RETURN
Negative output power terminal
DCM™ DC-DC Converter
Page 3 of 26
Rev 1.1
01/2017
Function
Positive input power terminal
Fault monitoring
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Absolute Maximum Ratings
The absolute maximum ratings below are stress ratings only. Operation at or beyond these maximum ratings can cause permanent damage to the device.
Electrical specifications do not apply when operating beyond rated operating conditions.
Parameter
Min
Max
Unit
Continuous
-0.5
460
V
100ms with a maximum duty cycle of 10%
-0.5
550
V
-1
1
V/µs
TR to - IN
-0.3
3.5
V
EN to -IN
-0.3
3.5
V
-0.3
3.5
V
5
mA
-0.5
25
V
Input Voltage (+IN to –IN)
Comments
Input Voltage Slew Rate
FT to -IN
Output Voltage (+Out to –Out)
Dielectric withstand (input to output)
Reinforced insulation
4242
VDC
Temperature
Operating Internal
-40
125
°C
Storage
-40
125
°C
51
A
Average Output Current
Maximum Output Power (W)
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
0
25
50
75
100
125
150
Temperature (°C)
Top only at temperature
Top and leads at temperature
Top, leads and belly at temperature
Thermal Specified Operating Area: Max Output Power vs. Case Temp, Single unit at minimum full load efficiency
DCM™ DC-DC Converter
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Electrical Specifications
Specifications apply over all line in VIN-EXTENDED, trim and load conditions, internal temperature TINT = 25ºC, unless otherwise noted. Boldface specifications
apply over the temperature range of -40ºC < TINT < 125ºC.
­Attribute
Symbol
Conditions / Notes
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
200
290
378
V
160
290
420
V
8.5
A
Power Input Specification
Input Voltage Range, full power
VIN
Input Voltage Range, extended
VIN-EXTENDED
Inrush current (peak)
IINRP
Module will only startup if input voltage is inside the
range of VIN. After startup, Module can then operate
in the entire VIN-EXTENDED range
With maximum COUT-EXT, full resistive load
Input capacitance (internal)
CIN-INT
Effective value at nominal input voltage
0.8
µF
Input capacitance (internal) ESR
RCIN-INT
At 1MHz
2.5
mΩ
Input inductance (external)
LIN
Input capacitance (external)
CIN-EXT
10
Differential mode, with no further line bypassing
Effective value at nominal input voltage
0.68
µH
µF
No Load Specification
Input power – disabled
Input power – enabled with no load
Nominal line, see Fig. 2
PQ
0.7
Worst case line, see Fig. 2
Nominal line, see Fig. 3
PNL
2
Worst case line, see Fig. 3
1.5
W
2
W
3
W
8.5
W
Power Output Specification
Output voltage set point
VOUT-NOM
VIN = 290V, trim inactive, at 100% Load, TINT = 25°C
13.66
13.8
13.94
V
Output voltage trim range
VOUT-TRIMMING
Trim range over temp, with > 5% rated load. Specifies
the Low, Nominal and High Trim conditions.
11.5
13.8
15.5
V
Output voltage load regulation
Δ ΔVOUT-LOAD
Linear load line. Output voltage increase from full
rated load current to no load (Does not include light
load regulation). See Fig. 5 and Sec. Design Guidelines
0.6503
0.7263
0.8032
V
ΔVOUT-LL
0% to 5% Load, additional VOUT relative to calculated
load line point; see Fig. 5 and Sec. Design Guidelines
0.0
2.3
V
Output voltage light load regulation
Output voltage temperature
coefficient
VOUT accuracy
ΔΔVOUT-TEMP
Nominal, linear temperature coefficient, relative to
TINT = 25 ºC. See Fig. 4 and Sec. Design Guidelines
-1.84
The total output voltage setpoint accuracy from the
%VOUT-ACCURACY calculated ideal Vout based on load, temp and trim.
Excludes ΔVOUT-LL
mV/°C
2.00
%
Rated output power
POUT
Continuous, VOUT ≥ 13.8V, 200V ≤ VIN ≤ 378V
600
W
Rated output current
IOUT
Continuous, VOUT ≤ 13.8V, 200V ≤ VIN ≤ 378V
43.5
A
500
W
A
Derated output power
POUT-DERATED
Continuous, VOUT ≥ 13.8V,
160V < VIN < 200V or 378V < VIN < 420V
Derated output current
IOUT-DERATED
Continuous, VOUT ≤ 13.8V,
160V < VIN < 200V or 378V < VIN < 420V
36.2
Output current limit
IOUT-LM
Of IOUT max. Fully operational current limit
100
Current limit delay
tIOUT-LIM
The module will power limit in a fast transient event
Efficiency
Output voltage ripple
DCM™ DC-DC Converter
Page 5 of 26
h
VOUT-PP
105
117
%
1
ms
93.6
%
Full Load, Nominal Line, trim inactive
92.9
Full Load, over VIN and temperature, trim inactive
91.5
%
Full Load, over VIN-EXTENDED and temperature, trim inactive
91.0
%
50% Load, over line, temperature and trim
90.0
%
Over all operating steady-state line, load and trim
conditions, 20MHz BW, with minimum COUT-EXT
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mV
DCM4623xC8G16F0yzz
Electrical Specifications (Cont.)
Specifications apply over all line in VIN-EXTENDED, trim and load conditions, internal temperature TINT = 25ºC, unless otherwise noted. Boldface specifications
apply over the temperature range of -40ºC < TINT < 125ºC.
­Attribute
Symbol
Conditions / Notes
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
Power Output Specifications (Cont.)
Output capacitance (internal)
COUT-INT
Effective value at nominal output voltage
Output capacitance (internal) ESR
RCOUT-INT
At 1MHz
Output capacitance (external)
COUT-EXT
Electrolytic Capacitor preferred. Excludes component
tolerances and temperature coefficient
Output capacitance, ESR (ext.)
RCOUT-EXT
At 10kHz, excludes component tolerances
Initialization delay
72
µF
0.06
mΩ
1000
10000
10
mΩ
tINIT
After input voltage first exceeds VIN-INIT
25
Output turn-on delay
tON
From rising edge EN, with VIN pre-applied. See timing
diagram
200
Output turn-off delay
tOFF
From falling edge EN. See timing diagram
Start-up setpoint aquisition time
tSS
Full load (soft-start ramp time) with minimum COUT-EXT
VOUT-FL-THRESH
During startup, VOUT must achieve this threshold before
output can support full rated current
VOUT threshold for max
rated load current
IOUT at startup
Monotonic soft-start threshold
voltage
Minimum required disabled duration
Minimum required disabled duration
for predictable restart
Voltage deviation (transient)
Settling time
Max load current at startup while VOUT
is below VOUT-FL-THRESH
IOUT-START
µF
40
ms
µs
600
5.0
µs
ms
10.5
0.1
V
A
At startup, the DCM output voltage rise becomes
VOUT-MONOTONIC monotonic with a minimum of 25% pre-load once it crosses
VOUT-MONOTONIC, standalone or as a member in an array
10.5
V
tOFF-MIN
This refers to the minimum time a module needs to be
in the disabled state before it will attempt to start via EN
2
ms
tOFF-MONOTONIC
This refers to the minimum time a module needs to be
in the disabled state before it is guaranteed to exhibit
monotonic soft-start and have predictable startup timing
100
ms
%VOUT-TRANS
tSETTLE
COUT_EXT = min; (10 ↔ 90% load step), excluding
load line. Load slew rate < 43.5A/ms
<10
%
<0.5
ms
Powertrain Protections
Input Voltage Initialization threshold
VIN-INIT
Threshold to start tINIT delay
75
V
Latching faults will clear once VIN falls below VIN-RESET
50
V
Input Voltage Reset threshold
VIN-RESET
VIN undervoltage Turn-OFF
VIN-UVLO-
VIN undervoltage Turn-ON
VIN-UVLO+
VIN overvoltage Turn-OFF
VIN-OVLO+
VIN overvoltage Turn-ON
VIN-OVLO-
See Timing diagram
380
V
Output overvoltage threshold
VOUT-OVP
From 25% to 100% load. Latched shutdown. Primary
sensed output voltage only
17.2
V
Output overvoltage threshold
VOUT-OVP-LL
From 0% to 25% load. Latched shutdown. Primary
sensed output voltage only
18.0
V
Minimum current limited VOUT
VOUT-UVP
Overtemperature threshold (internal)
Power limit
200
V
450
V
TINT-OTP
125
°C
PLIM
880
W
VIN overvoltage response time
tOVLO
VIN undervoltage response time
tUVLO
DCM™ DC-DC Converter
Page 6 of 26
V
V
tOVLO-SW
Short circuit, or temperature fault
recovery time
See Timing diagram
155
6
VIN overvoltage to cessation of
powertrain switching
Short circuit response time
130
tSC
tFAULT
Over all operating steady-state line and trim conditions
1
Independent of fault logic
µs
For fault logic only
200
µs
100
ms
Powertrain on, operational state
200
µs
1
See Timing diagram
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Signal Specifications
Specifications apply over all line in VIN-EXTENDED, trim and load conditions, internal temperature TINT = 25ºC, unless otherwise noted. Boldface specifications
apply over the temperature range of -40ºC < TINT < 125ºC.
Enable: EN
• The EN pin enables and disables the DCM converter; when held low the unit will be disabled.
• The EN pin has an internal pull-up to VCC and is referenced to the -IN pin of the converter.
SIGNAL TYPE
DIGITAL
INPUT
STATE
Any
ATTRIBUTE
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS / NOTES
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNIT
2.31
V
EN enable threshold
VENABLE-EN
EN disable threshold
VENABLE-DIS
0.99
VCC
3.21
3.30
3.39
V
RENABLE-INT
9.5
10.0
10.5
kΩ
Internally generated VCC
EN Internal Pull up
resistance to VCC
V
Trim: TR
• The TR pin enables and disables trim functionality when VIN is applied to the DCM converter.
When VIN first crosses VIN-UVLO+, the voltage on TR determines whether or not trim is active.
• If TR is not floating at power up and has a voltage less than TR trim enable threshold, trim is active.
• If trim is active, the TR pin provides dynamic trim control with at least 30Hz of -3dB control bandwidth over the output voltage of the DCM converter.
• The TR pin has an internal pull-up to VCC and is referenced to the -IN pin of the converter.
SIGNAL TYPE
DIGITAL
INPUT
ANALOG
INPUT
STATE
ATTRIBUTE
SYMBOL
TR trim disable threshold
VTRIM-DIS
TR trim enable threshold
VTRIM-EN
Internally generated VCC
VCC
Startup
Operational
with Trim
enabled
TR pin analog range
VTRIM-RANGE
VOUT referred TR
pin resolution
VOUT-RES
TR internal pull up
resistance to VCC
RTRIIM-INT
CONDITIONS / NOTES
Trim disabled when TR above this threshold
at power up
Trim enabled when TR below this threshold
at power up
Trim VOUT higher than output voltage trim
range VOUT-TRIMMING could possibly cause
output OVP
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNIT
3.20
V
3.15
V
3.21
3.30
3.39
V
0
1.9
3.15
V
With VCC = 3.3V
18.0
9.5
10.0
mV
10.5
kΩ
Fault: FT
• The FT pin is a Fault flag pin.
• When the module is enabled and no fault is present, the FT pin does not have current drive capability.
• Whenever the powertrain stops (due to a fault protection or disabling the module by pulling EN low), the FT pin output Vcc and provides current to drive
an external ciruit.
• When module starts up, the FT pin is pulled high to VCC during microcontroller initialization and will remain high until soft start process starts.
SIGNAL TYPE
STATE
Any
DIGITAL
OUTPUT
FT Active
ATTRIBUTE
FT internal pull up
resistance to VCC
CONDITIONS / NOTES
RFAULT-INT
FT Voltage
VFAULT-ACTIVE
At rated Current drive capability
FT current drive capability
IFAULT-ACTIVE
Over-current FT drive beyond its capability
may cause module damage
FT response time
DCM™ DC-DC Converter
Page 7 of 26
SYMBOL
Rev 1.1
01/2017
tFT-ACTIVE
Delay from cessation of switching to
FT Pin Active
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MIN
TYP
MAX
UNIT
474
499
525
kΩ
3.0
V
4
mA
200
µs
DCM4623xC8G16F0yzz
High Level Functional State Diagram
Conditions that cause state transitions are shown along arrows. Sub-sequence activities listed inside the state bubbles.
Application of
VIN
VIN > VIN-INIT
INITIALIZATION
SEQUENCE
EN = False
tMIN-OFF delay
NON LATCHED
FAULT
tOFF
ult
Fa oved
m
Re
Powertrain: Stopped
FT = True
tINIT delay
Powertrain: Stopped
FT = True
Powertrain: Stopped
FT = True
EN = True and
No Faults
tON delay
EN = False
tOFF delay
In
p
In ut O
pu V
tU L
VL O o
O r
VIN > VIN-UVLO+ and
not Over-temp
TR mode latched
STANDBY
or
O
L
V LO
t O UV
u
t
p
In npu
I
EN = False
tOFF-MIN delay
SOFT START
VOUT Ramp Up
tss delay
Powertrain: Active
FT = False
RUNNING
tSS Expiry
Ou
tpu
Regulates VOUT
Powertrain: Active
FT = False
tO
or
mp
r-te
P
Ove put UV
Out
REINITIALIZATION
SEQUENCE
tINIT delay
Powertrain: Stopped
FT = True
Fault Removed
Ov
e
Ou r-tem
tpu
p
t U or
VP
VP
tO
pu
ut
O
VP
NON LATCHED
FAULT
tFAULT
Powertrain: Stopped
FT = True
LATCHED
FAULT
EN = False
DCM™ DC-DC Converter
Page 8 of 26
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Powertrain: Stopped
FT = True
DCM™ DC-DC Converter
Page 9 of 26
Rev 1.1
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Output
Input
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FT
ILOAD
FULL LOAD
IOUT
VOUT
VOUT-UVP
FULL LOAD
VOUT-NOM
TR
VTR-DIS
EN
VIN
VIN-UVLO+/VIN-INIT
VIN-OVLO+/-
tINIT
tON
1
Input Power On
- Trim Inactive
tSS
2
3
Ramp to TR
Full Load Ignored
tOFF
tMIN_OFF
4
EN
Low
tSS
tON
5
EN
High
tOFF
6
Input
OVLO
tSS
tOFF
7
Input
UVLO
tSS
tOFF
8
Input
returned
to zero
DCM4623xC8G16F0yzz
Timing Diagrams
Module Inputs are shown in blue; Module Outputs are shown in brown.
DCM™ DC-DC Converter
Page 10 of 26
Rev 1.1
01/2017
Output
Input
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FT
ILOAD
FULL LOAD
IOUT
VOUT
VOUT-UVP
VOUT-NOM
FULL LOAD
TR
VTR = nom
VTR-EN
EN
VIN
VIN-UVLO+/-
VIN-OVLO+/-
tINIT
tON
9
Input Power On
- Trim Active
tSS
VOUT-OVP
10
Vout
based on
VTR
tOFF
11
Load dump
and reverse
current
tINIT
tON
tSS
12
Vout OVP
(primary
sensed)
13
Latched
fault cleared
RLOAD
tIOUT-LIM
14
Current Limit
with Resistive
Load
tFAULT
15
Resistive
Load with
decresing R
tINIT
16
Overload induced
Output UVP
tON
tSS
DCM4623xC8G16F0yzz
Timing Diagrams (Cont.)
Module Inputs are shown in blue; Module Outputs are shown in brown.
DCM4623xC8G16F0yzz
Typical Performance Characteristics
The following figures present typical performance at TC = 25ºC, unless otherwise noted. See associated figures for general trend data.
16
14
Output Voltage (V)
Output Voltage (V)
16
12
10
8
6
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
15
14
13
12
11
50
-40
-20
0
Low Trim
Nom Trim
20
40
60
80
100
Baseplate Temperature (°C)
Average Output Current (A)
High Trim
Condition:
Nominal Trim
Minimum trim
Maximum Trim
Figure 4 — VOUT vs. operating temperature trend, at full load
and nominal line
Figure 1 — Electrical Specified Operating Area
2.0
18
Output Voltage (V)
Input Power (W)
16
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
14
12
10
8
6
160
186
212
238
264
290
316
342
368
394
420
0
10
20
-40°C
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Load Current (%)
Input Voltage (V)
TCASE:
30
25°C
90°C
Condition:
Figure 2 — Disabled power consumption vs. VIN
Nominal Trim
Minimum trim
Maximum Trim
Figure 5 — VOUT vs. load current trend, at room temperature
and nominal line
Power Dissipation (W)
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
160
186
212
238
264
290
316
342
368
394
420
Input Voltage (V)
TCASE:
-40°C
25°C
90°C
Figure 3 — No load power dissipation vs. VIN, at nominal trim
DCM™ DC-DC Converter
Page 11 of 26
Rev 1.1
01/2017
Figure 6 — Initial startup from EN pin, with soft-start ramp. VIN = 290V, COUT_EXT = 10000µF, RLOAD = 0.317Ω
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Typical Performance Characteristics (Cont.)
The following figures present typical performance at TC = 25ºC, unless otherwise noted. See associated figures for general trend data.
94.0
Efficiency (%)
93.5
93.0
92.5
92.0
91.5
160
186
212
238
264
290
316
342
368
394
420
Input Voltage (V)
TCASE:
-40°C
25°C
90°C
Figure 7 — Full Load Efficiency vs. VIN, VOUT = 11.5V
94.0
Efficiiency (%)
93.5
93.0
92.5
92.0
91.5
160
186
212
238
264
290
316
342
368
394
420
Input Voltage (V)
TCASE:
-40°C
25°C
90°C
Figure 8 — Full Load Efficiency vs. VIN, VOUT = 13.8V
94.0
Efficiiency (%)
93.5
93.0
92.5
92.0
91.5
160
186
212
238
264
290
316
342
368
394
420
Input Voltage (V)
TCASE:
-40°C
25°C
90°C
Figure 9 — Full Load Efficiency vs. VIN, VOUT = 15.5V
DCM™ DC-DC Converter
Page 12 of 26
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Typical Performance Characteristics (Cont.)
94
50
92
45
Power Dissipation (W)
Efficiency (%)
The following figures present typical performance at TC = 25ºC, unless otherwise noted. See associated figures for general trend data.
90
88
86
84
82
80
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
100
10
20
30
Load Current (%)
160V
VIN:
290V
420V
45
Power Dissipation (W)
Efficiency (%)
92
90
88
86
84
82
30
40
50
60
70
160V
80
90
10
10
20
30
420V
Power Dissipation (W)
Efficiency (%)
86
84
82
70
80
80
90
290V
100
420V
90
100
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Load Current (%)
290V
420V
Figure 12 — VIN to VOUT efficiency, TCASE = 25°C
DCM™ DC-DC Converter
Page 13 of 26
70
40
Load Current (%)
160V
60
Figure 14 — Power dissipation vs. VIN to IOUT, TCASE = 90°C
88
VIN:
50
160V
VIN:
90
60
40
Load Current (%)
290V
50
420V
15
45
40
290V
20
50
30
100
25
92
20
90
30
94
10
80
35
5
100
Figure 11 — VIN to VOUT efficiency, TCASE = 90°C
80
70
40
Load Current (%)
VIN:
60
Figure 13 — Power dissipation vs. VIN to IOUT, TCASE = -40°C
50
20
160V
VIN:
94
10
50
Load Current (%)
Figure 10 — VIN to VOUT efficiency, TCASE = -40°C
80
40
Rev 1.1
01/2017
VIN:
160V
290V
420V
Figure 15 — Power dissipation vs. VIN to IOUT, TCASE = 25°C
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Typical Performance Characteristics (Cont.)
The following figures present typical performance at TC = 25ºC, unless otherwise noted. See associated figures for general trend data.
Figure 16 — 10% to 100% load transient response, VIN = 290V, nominal trim, COUT_EXT = 1000µF
Figure 19 — 100% to 10% load transient response, VIN = 290V, nominal trim, COUT_EXT = 1000µF
1100
1000
VIN (V)
160
900
200
800
290
700
378
600
420
500
50
60
70
80
90
Switching Frequency (kHz)
Switching Frequency (kHz)
1100
1000
Nom Trim
800
Low Trim
700
High Trim
600
500
100
VOUT
900
50
60
Load (%)
70
80
90
100
Load (%)
Figure 20 — Powertrain switching frequency vs. load,
at nominal VIN
Figure 17 — Powertrain switching frequency vs. load,
at nominal trim
Effective Capacitance (µF)
1.4
1.2
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0.0
0
100
200
300
Voltage (V)
400
Figure 18 — Effective internal input capacitance vs.
applied voltage
DCM™ DC-DC Converter
Page 14 of 26
Rev 1.1
01/2017
500
Figure 21 — Typical output voltage ripple, VIN = 290V,
VOUT = 13.8V, COUT_EXT = 1000µF, RLOAD = 0.317Ω
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General Characteristics
Specifications apply over all line in VIN-EXTENDED, trim and load conditions, internal temperature TINT = 25ºC, unless otherwise noted. Boldface specifications
apply over the temperature range of -40ºC < TINT < 125ºC.
­Attribute
Symbol
Conditions / Notes
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
Mechanical
Length
L
47.53/ [1.871] 47.91/ [1.886] 48.29/ [1.901]
mm/[in]
Width
W
22.67/ [0.893]
22.8/ [0.898]
22.93/ [0.903]
mm/[in]
Height
H
7.21/ [0.284]
7.26/ [0.286]
7.31/ [0.288]
mm/[in]
Volume
Vol
Weight
W
Lead finish
No heat sink
7.90/ [0.48]
cm3/[in3]
29.2 / [1.03]
g/[oz]
Nickel
0.51
2.03
Palladium
0.02
0.15
Gold
0.003
0.05
-40
125
µm
Thermal
Operating internal temperature
Thermal resistance top side
Thermal resistance leads
Thermal resistance bottom side
TINT
ΦINT-TOP
ΦINT-LEADS
°C
Estimated thermal resistance to maximum
temperature internal component from
isothermal top
​1.80​
°C/W
Estimated thermal resistance to
maximum temperature internal
component from isothermal leads
​5.54​
°C/W
​1.58​
°C/W
​21​
Ws/°C
Estimated thermal resistance to
ΦINT-BOTTOM maximum temperature internal
component from isothermal bottom
Thermal capacity
Assembly
Storage temperature
ESD rating
TST
-40
HBM
Method per Human Body Model Test ESDA/
JEDEC JDS-001-2012
CDM
Charged Device Model JESD22-C101E
125
CLASS 1C
°C
V
CLASS 2
Soldering[1]
Peak temperature top case
[1]
For further information, please contact
factory applications
Product is not intended for reflow solder attach.
DCM™ DC-DC Converter
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°C
DCM4623xC8G16F0yzz
General Characteristics (Cont.)
Specifications apply over all line in VIN-EXTENDED, trim and load conditions, internal temperature TINT = 25ºC, unless otherwise noted. Boldface specifications
apply over the temperature range of -40ºC < TINT < 125ºC.
­Attribute
Symbol
Conditions / Notes
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
Safety
Isolation Voltage
VHIPOT
IN to OUT
4242
VDC
IN to CASE
2121
VDC
OUT to CASE
2121
VDC
Reliability
MTBF
MIL-HDBK-217 Plus Parts Count - 25ºC
Ground Benign, Stationary, Indoors /
Computer
1.85
MHrs
Telcordia Issue 2, Method I Case 3, 25°C,
100% D.C., GB, GC
2.35
MHrs
Agency Approvals
cTÜVus; EN 60950-1
Agency approvals/standards
CE Marked for Low Voltage Directive and RoHS Recast Directive as Applicable.
DCM™ DC-DC Converter
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Pin Functions
The DCM will latch trim behavior at application of VIN, and persist
in that same behavior until loss of input voltage.
+IN, -IN
nn
At application of VIN, if TR is sampled at above VTRIM-DIS, the module will latch in a non-trim mode, and will ignore the TR input for
as long as VIN is present.
Input power pins. -IN is the reference for all control pins, and
therefore a Kelvin connection is recommended as close as possible
to the pin on the package, to reduce effects of voltage drop due to
-IN currents.
nn
At application wof VIN, if TR is sampled at below VTRIM-EN, the TR
will serve as an input to control real time output voltage trim. It
will persist in this behavior until VIN is no longer present.
+OUT, -OUT
If trim is active when the DCM is operating, the TR pin provides
dynamic trim control at a typical 30Hz of -3dB bandwidth over the
output voltage.
Output power pins.
EN (Enable)
This pin enables and disables the DCM converter; when held low
the unit will be disabled. It is referenced to the -IN pin of the
converter. The EN pin has an internal pull-up to VCC through a
10kΩ resistor.
FT (Fault)
The FT pin provides a Fault signal.
Anytime the module is enabled and has not recognized a fault,
the FT pin is inactive. FT has an internal 499kΩ pull-up to VCC,
therefore a shunt resistor, RSHUNT, of approximately 50kΩ can be
used to ensure the LED is completly off when there is no fault, per
the diagram below.
nn
Output enable: When EN is allowed to pull up above the enable
threshold, the module will be enabled. If leaving EN floating, it is
pulled up to VCC and the module will be enabled.
nn
Output disable: EN may be pulled down externally in order to
disable the module.
Whenever the powertrain stops (due to a fault protection or
disabling the module by pulling EN low), the FT pin becomes active
and provides current to drive an external circuit.
nn
EN is an input only, it does not pull low in the event of a fault.
When active, FT pin drives to VCC, with up to 4mA of external
loading. Module may be damaged from an over-current FT drive,
thus a resistor in series for current limiting is recommended.
nn
The EN pins of multiple units should be driven high concurrently
to permit the array to start in to maximum rated load. However,
the direct interconnection of multiple EN pins requires additional
considerations, as discussed in the section on Array Operation.
The FT pin becomes active momentarily when the module
starts up.
TR (Trim)
The TR pin is used to select the trim mode and to trim the output
voltage of the DCM converter. The TR pin has an internal pull-up to
VCC through a 10kΩ resistor.
Typical External Circuits for Signal Pins (TR, EN, FT)
Vcc
Vcc
10k
Vcc
Reference and
Soft Start control
499k
Fault
Monitoring
10k
Soft Start and
Fault Monitoring
TR
FT
EN
RSERIES
SW
RTRIM
RSHUNT
Kelvin -IN connection
DCM™ DC-DC Converter
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Design Guidelines
VOUT set point under full load and room temperature can be
calculated using the equation below:
Building Blocks and System Design
VOUT = 10.00 + (6.48 • VTR/VCC)(1)
The DCM™ converter input accepts the full 160 to 420V range,
and it generates an isolated trimmable 13.8VDC output. Multiple
DCMs may be paralleled for higher power capacity via wireless
load sharing, even when they are operating off of different input
voltage supplies.
The DCM converter provides a regulated output voltage around
defined nominal load line and temperature coefficients. The load
line and temperature coefficients enable configuration of an
array of DCM converters which manage the output load with no
share bus among modules. Downstream regulators may be used
to provide tighter voltage regulation, if required.
The DCM4623xC8G16F0yzz may be used in standalone
applications where the output power requirements are up to
600W. However, it is easily deployed as arrays of modules to
increase power handling capacity. Arrays of up to eight units
have been qualified for 4800W capacity. Application of DCM
converters in an array requires no derating of the maximum
available power versus what is specified for a single module.
Note: For more information on operation of single DCM, refer to “Single
DCM as an Isolated, Regulated DC-DC Converter” application note
AN:029: www.vicorpower.com/documents/application_notes/
an_Single_DCM_Isolated_ Regulated_DC-DC_Converter.pdf
Soft Start
When the DCM starts, it will go through a soft start sequence.
Notice the module will only startup if the input voltage is within
the range of VIN. After startup, Module can then operate in the
wider input voltage range VIN-EXTENDED.
The soft start sequence ramps the output voltage by modulating
the internal error amplifier reference. This causes the output
voltage to approximate a piecewise linear ramp. The output
ramp finishes when the voltage reaches either the nominal
output voltage, or the trimmed output voltage in cases where
trim mode is active.
Trim Mode and Output Trim Control
When the input voltage is initially applied to a DCM, and after
TINIT elapses, the trim pin voltage V TR is sampled. The TR pin has
an internal pull up resistor to VCC, so unless external circuitry
pulls the pin voltage lower, it will pull up to VCC. If the initially
sampled trim pin voltage is higher than V TRIM-DIS, then the DCM
will disable trimming as long as the VIN remains applied. In
this case, for all subsequent operation the output voltage will
be programmed to the nominal. This minimizes the support
components required for applications that only require the
nominal rated VOUT, and also provides the best output setpoint
accuracy, as there are no additional errors from external trim
components
If at initial application of VIN, the TR pin voltage is prevented
from exceeding V TRIM-EN, then the DCM will activate trim mode,
and it will remain active for as long as VIN is applied.
DCM™ DC-DC Converter
Page 18 of 26
Rev 1.1
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Note that while the soft-start routine described above does
re-arm after the unit self-protects from a fault condition, the
trim mode is not changed when a DCM recovers from any fault
condition or being disabled.
If V TR is driven above the point where the trimmed VOUT reaches
the maximum trimmed VOUT range, then the VOUT will hold at the
maximum of the trim range, and not wrap around or return to
nominal VOUT.
Module performance is guaranteed through output voltage trim
range VOUT-TRIMMING. If VOUT is trimmed higher than that range,
then certain combinations of line and load transient conditions
may trigger the output OVP.
Nominal Output Voltage Load Line
Throughout this document, the programmed output voltage,
(either the specified nominal output voltage if trim is inactive)
or the trimmed output voltage if trim is active, is specified at
full load, and at room temperature. The actual output voltage
of the DCM is given by the programmed output voltage, with
modification based on load and temperature. The nominal
output voltage is 13.8V, and the actual output voltage will match
this at full load and room temperature with trim inactive.
The largest modification to the actual output voltage compared
to the programmed output is due to a 5.263% VOUT-NOM load
line, which for this model corresponds to ΔVOUT-LOAD of 0.73V. As
the load is reduced, the internal error amplifier reference, and by
extension the output voltage, rises in response. This load line is
the primary enabler of the wireless current sharing amongst an
array of DCMs.
The load line impact on the output voltage is absolute, and is not
scaled by the trim voltage.
Furthermore, when the load current is below 5% of the rated
capacity, there is an additional ∆V added to the output voltage,
which is related to Light Load Boosting. Please see the section on
Light Load Boosting below for details.
For a given programmed output voltage, the actual output
voltage versus load current at for nominal trim, nominal line,
and room temperature is above 5% load given by the following
equation:
VOUT = 13.8 + 0.73 – 0.73 • IOUT / 43.5 (2)
Nominal Output Voltage Temperature Coefficient
There is an additional additive term to the programmed output
voltage, which is based on the temperature of the module. This
term permits improved thermal balancing among modules in an
array, especially when the factory nominal trim point is utilized
(trim mode inactive). This term is much smaller than the load line
described above, representing only a 0.138V change every 75°C
over the entire rated temperature range. Regulation coefficient is
relative to 25°C TINT (hottest internal temperature).
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For nominal trim, nominal line, and full load, the output voltage
relates to the temperature according to the following equation:
–IN to make up for impedances in the interconnect cables as well
as deficiencies in the source.
VOUT = 13.8 - 0.138 • (TINT - 25)/75
Significant source impedance can bring system stability issue
for a regulated DC-DC converter and needs to be avoided or
compensated. Additional information can be found in the filter
design application note: www.vicorpower.com/documents/
application_notes/vichip_appnote23.pdf.
(3)
where TINT is in °C.
The impact of temperature coefficient on the output voltage is
absolute, and does not scale with trim or load.
Overall Output Voltage Transfer Function
Taking trim (Eq 1), load line (Eq 2) and temperature coefficient
(Eq 3) into account, the general equation relating the DC VOUT
at nominal line to programmed trim (when active), load, and
temperature is given by:
VOUT =
10.00 + (6.48 • VTR/VCC) + 0.73 +∆V – 0.73
• IOUT /43.5 - 0.138 • (TINT -25)/75
(4)
Use 0V for ∆V when load is from 5% to 100% load, and up to
2.3V when operating at <5% load. See section on Light Load
Boosting operation for light load effects on output voltage.
Output Current Limit
The DCM features a fully operational current limit which
effectively keeps the module operating inside the Safe Operating
Area (SOA) for all valid trim and load profiles. The current limit
approximates a “brick wall” limit, where the output current is
prevented from exceeding the current limit threshold by reducing
the output voltage via the internal error amplifier reference. The
current limit threshold at nominal trim and below is typically
105% of maximum output current, but can vary from 100%
to 117% of maximum output current. In order to preserve the
SOA, in cases where the converter is trimmed above the nominal
output voltage, the current limit threshold is automatically
reduced to limit the available output power.
When the output current exceeds the current limit threshold,
current limit action is held off by 1ms, which permits the DCM
to momentarily deliver higher peak output currents to the load.
Peak output power during this time is still constrained by the
internal Power Limit of the module. The fast Power Limit and
relatively slow Current Limit work together to keep the module
inside the SOA. Delaying entry into current limit also permits the
DCM to minimize droop voltage for load steps.
Sustained operation in current limit is permitted, and no derating
of output power is required, even in an array configuration.
Some applications may benefit from well matched current
distribution, in which case fine tuning sharing via the trim pins
permits control over sharing. The DCM does not require this
for proper operation, due to the power limit and current limit
behaviors described here.
Current limit can reduce the output voltage to as little as the
UVP threshold (VOUT-UVP). Below this minimum output voltage
compliance level, further loading will cause the module to shut
down due to the output undervoltage fault protection.
Please refer to this input filter design tool to ensure input
stability:
http://app2.vicorpower.com/filterDesign/intiFilter.do.
Ensure that the input voltage slew rate is less than 1V/µs,
otherwise a pre-charge circuit is required for the DCM input to
control the input voltage slew rate and prevent overstress to
input stage components.
For the DCM, output voltage stability is guaranteed as long as
hold up capacitance COUT-EXE falls within the specified ranges.
Input Fuse Selection
DCM is not internally fused in order to provide flexibility in
configuring power systems. Input line fusing is recommended
at system level, in order to provide thermal protection in case
of catastrophic failure. The fuse shall be selected by closely
matching system requirements with the following characteristics:
nn
Current rating (usually greater than the DCM converter’s
maximum current)
nn
Maximum voltage rating (usually greater than the maximum
possible input voltage)
nn
Ambient temperature
nn
Breaking capacity per application requirements
nn
Nominal melting I2t
nn
Recommended fuse: 5A Bussmann PC-Tron (see agency approval for additional fuses)
Fault Handling
Input Undervoltage Fault Protection (UVLO)
The converter’s input voltage is monitored to detect an input
under voltage condition. If the converter is not already running,
then it will ignore enable commands until the input voltage
is greater than VIN-UVLO+. If the converter is running and the
input voltage falls below VIN-UVLO-, the converter recognizes a
fault condition, the powertrain stops switching, and the output
voltage of the unit falls.
Input voltage transients which fall below UVLO for less than
tUVLO may not be detected by the fault proection logic, in which
case the converter will continue regular operation. No protection
is required in this case.
Once the UVLO fault is detected by the fault protection logic,
the converter shuts down and waits for the input voltage to rise
above VIN-UVLO+. Provided the converter is still enabled, it will
then restart.
Line Impedance, Input Slew rate and Output Stability
Requirements
Connect a high-quality, low-noise power supply to the +IN and
–IN terminals. An external capacitance of 0.68µF is required.
Additional capacitance may have to be added between +IN and
DCM™ DC-DC Converter
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Input Overvoltage Fault Protection (OVLO)
External Output Capacitance
The converter’s input voltage is monitored to detect an input
over voltage condition. When the input voltage is more than the
VIN-OVLO+, a fault is detected, the powertrain stops switching, and
the output voltage of the converter falls.
The DCM converter compensation requires a minimal external
capacitor on the output for proper operation and for good
transient load regulation. An external capacitor of 1000 uF to
10,000µF per DCM is required with ESR of 10mΩ or greater.
After an OVLO fault occurs, the converter will wait for the input
voltage to fall below VIN-OVLO-. Provided the converter is still
enabled, the powertrain will restart.
Light Load Boosting
The powertrain controller itself also monitors the input voltage.
Transient OVLO events which have not yet been detected by the
fault sequence logic may first be detected by the controller if
the input slew rate is sufficiently large. In this case, powertrain
switching will immediately stop. If the input voltage falls back in
range before the fault sequence logic detects the out of range
condition, the powertrain will resume switching and the fault
logic will not interrupt operation Regardless of whether the
powertrain is running at the time or not, if the input voltage
does not recover from OVLO before tOVLO, the converter fault
logic will detect the fault.
Output Undervoltage Fault Protection (UVP)
The converter determines that an output overload or short
circuit condition exists by measuring its primary sensed output
voltage and the output of the internal error amplifier. In general,
whenever the powertrain is switching and the primary-sensed
output voltage falls below VOUT-UVP threshold, a short circuit
fault will be registered. Once an output undervoltage condition
is detected, the powertrain immediately stops switching, and
the output voltage of the converter falls. The converter remains
disabled for a time tFAULT. Once recovered and provided the
converter is still enabled, the powertrain will again enter the soft
start sequence after tINIT and tON.
Temperature Fault Protections (OTP)
The fault logic monitors the internal temperature of the
converter. If the measured temperature exceeds TINT-OTP, a
temperature fault is registered. As with the under voltage fault
protection, once a temperature fault is registered, the powertrain
immediately stops switching, the output voltage of the converter
falls, and the converter remains disabled for at least time tFAULT.
Then, the converter waits for the internal temperature to return
to below TINT-OTP before recovering. Provided the converter is still
enabled, the DCM will restart after tINIT and tON.
Output Overvoltage Fault Protection (OVP)
The converter monitors the output voltage during each switching
cycle by a correspnding voltage reflected to the primary side
control circuitry. If the primary sensed output voltage exceeds
VOUT-OVP, the OVP fault protection is triggered. The control logic
disables the powertrain, and the output voltage of the
converter falls.
This type of fault is latched, and the converter will not start again
until the latch is cleared. Clearing the fault latch is achieved by
either disabling the converter via the EN pin, or else by removing
the input power such that the input voltage falls below VIN-INIT.
Under light load conditions, the DCM converter may operate in
Light Load Boosting depending on the line voltage. Light Load
Boosting occurs whenever the internal power consumption of
the converter combined with the external output load is less
than the minimum power transfer per switching cycle. To prevent
the output voltage from rising in this case, the powertrain is
switched off and on repeatedly, to effectively lower the average
switching frequency, and permit operation with no external load.
During the time when the power train is off, the module internal
consumption is significantly reduced, and so there is a notable
reduction in no-load input power in Light Load Boosting. When
the load is less than 5% of rated Iout, the output voltage may
rise by a maximum of 2.3V, above the output voltage calculated
from trim, temperature, and load-line conditions.
Thermal Design
Based on the safe thermal operating area shown in page 5, the
full rated power of the DCM4623xC8G16F0yzz can be processed
provided that the top, bottom, and leads are all held below
80°C. These curves highlight the benefits of dual sided thermal
management, but also demonstrate the flexibility of the Vicor
ChiP platform for customers who are limited to cooling only the
top or the bottom surface.
The OTP senseor is located on the top side of the internal PCB
structure. Therefore in order to ensure effective over-temperature
fault protection, the case bottom temperature must be
constrained by the thermal solution such that it does not exceed
the temperature of the case top.
The ChiP package provides a high degree of flexibility in that it
presents three pathways to remove heat from internal power
dissipating components. Heat may be removed from the top
surface, the bottom surface and the leads. The extent to
which these three surfaces are cooled is a key component for
determining the maximum power that is available from a ChiP, as
can be seen from Figure 22.
Since the ChiP has a maximum internal temperature rating, it is
necessary to estimate this internal temperature based on a real
thermal solution. Given that there are three pathways to remove
heat from the ChiP, it is helpful to simplify the thermal solution
into a roughly equivalent circuit where power dissipation is
modeled as a current source, isothermal surface temperatures are
represented as voltage sources and the thermal resistances are
represented as resistors. Figure 22 shows the “thermal circuit”
for a 4623 ChiP DCM in an application where the top, bottom,
and leads are cooled. In this case, the DCM power dissipation is
PDTOTAL and the three surface temperatures are represented as
TCASE_TOP, TCASE_BOTTOM, and TLEADS. This thermal system can now
be very easily analyzed with simple resistors, voltage sources, and
a current source.
This analysis provides an estimate of heat flow through the
various pathways as well as internal temperature.
DCM™ DC-DC Converter
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Thermal Resistance Top
Figure 24 shows a scenario where there is no bottom side and
leads cooling. In this case, the heat flow path to the bottom is
left open and the equations now simplify to:
MAX INTERNAL TEMP
ΦINT-TOP°C / W
Thermal Resistance Bottom
Thermal Resistance Leads
ΦINT-BOTTOM°C / W
Power Dissipation (W)
TCASE_BOTTOM(°C)
ΦINT-LEADS°C / W
+
–
TLEADS(°C)
+
–
+
–
TCASE_TOP(°C)
Figure 22 — Double side cooling and leads thermal model
Alternatively, equations can be written around this circuit and
analyzed algebraically:
TINT – PD1 • ΦINT-TOP = TCASE_TOP
PDTOTAL = PD1
Vicor provides a suite of online tools, including a simulator and
thermal estimator which greatly simplify the task of determining
whether or not a DCM thermal configuration is sufficient for a
given condition. These tools can be found at:
www.vicorpower.com/powerbench.
Array Operation
A decoupling network is needed to facilitate paralleling:
nn
An output inductor should be added to each DCM, before the
outputs are bussed together to provide decoupling.
TINT – PD1 • ΦINT-TOP = TCASE_TOP
TINT – PD2 • ΦINT-BOTTOM = TCASE_BOTTOM
TINT – PD3 • ΦINT-LEADS = TLEADS
PDTOTAL = PD1+ PD2+ PD3
Where TINT represents the internal temperature and PD1, PD2,
and PD3 represent the heat flow through the top side, bottom
side, and leads respectively.
nn
Each DCM needs a separate input filter, even if the multiple
DCMs share the same input voltage source. These filters limit
the ripple current reflected from each DCM, and also help
suppress generation of beat frequency currents that can result
when multiple powertrains input stages are permitted to
direclty interact.
If signal pins (TR, EN, FT) are not used, they can be left floating,
and DCM will work in the nominal output condition.
Thermal Resistance Top
When common mode noise in the input side is not a concern,
TR and EN can be driven and FT received using the –IN as a
reference.
MAX INTERNAL TEMP
ΦINT-TOP°C / W
Thermal Resistance Bottom
ΦINT-BOTTOM°C / W
Power Dissipation (W)
Thermal Resistance Leads
ΦINT-LEADS°C / W
TCASE_BOTTOM(°C)
TLEADS(°C)
+
–
TCASE_TOP(°C)
+
–
Note: For more information on parallel operation of DCMs, refer to
“Parallel DCMs” application note AN:030: www.vicorpower.com/
documents/application_notes/an_Parallel_DCMs.pdf
An example of DCM paralleling circuit is shown in Figure 25.
Recommended values to start with:
Figure 23 — One side cooling and leads thermal model
L1: L1 = 1µH, minimized DCR;
Figure 23 shows a scenario where there is no bottom side
cooling. In this case, the heat flow path to the bottom is left
open and the equations now simplify to:
R1: 1Ohm;
C1: Ceramic capacitors in parallel, C1 = 2µF;
L2: L2 ≥ 0.15µH;
TINT – PD1 • ΦINT-TOP = TCASE_TOP
TINT – PD3 • ΦINT-LEADS = TLEADS
PDTOTAL = PD1 + PD3
COUT-EXT: electrolytic or tantalum capacitor, 1000µF ≤ COUT-EXT
≤10000µF;
C4, C5: additional ceramic /electrolytic capacitors, if needed for
output ripple filtering;
R3: current limit resistor for fault pin, a resistor of at least 1k is
recommended;
Thermal Resistance Top
MAX INTERNAL TEMP
In order to help sensitive signal circuits reject potential noise,
additional components are recommended:
ΦINT-TOP°C / W
Thermal Resistance Bottom
ΦINT-BOTTOM°C / W
Power Dissipation (W)
TCASE_BOTTOM(°C)
Thermal Resistance Leads
R2: 301Ohm, facilitate noise attenuation for TR pin;
ΦINT-LEADS°C / W
TLEADS(°C)
TCASE_TOP(°C)
+
–
FB1, C2: FB1 is a ferrite bead with an impedance of at least 10Ω
at 100MHz. C2 can be a ceramic capacitor of 0.1µF. Facilitate
noise attenuation for EN pin.
Figure 24 — One side cooling thermal model
Note: Using an RCR filter network as suggested in the application note
AN:030 will also help in reducing the noise on the signal pins.
DCM™ DC-DC Converter
Page 21 of 26
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01/2017
DCM4623xC8G16F0yzz
Note: In case of the excessive line inductance, a properly sized decoupling capacitor CDECOUPLE is required as shown in Figure 25 and Figure 26.
VTR VEN
DCM1
R2_1
TR
EN
FB1_1
C2_1
R1_1
FT
L2_1
F 1_1
+IN
L1_1
C1_1
CDECOUPLE
+OUT
+OUT
COUT-EXT-1
-IN
-IN
C4
-OUT
C5
-OUT
DCM2
R2_2
Maximum Power Dissipation (W)
+IN
TR
EN
FB1_2
C2_2
R1_2
FT
L2_2
F 1_2
L1_2
C1_2
≈≈
+IN
+OUT
-IN
-OUT
COUT-EXT-2
≈≈
≈
≈≈
DCM8
R2_8
TR
EN
FB1_8
C2_8
R1_8
FT
R3
L2_8
F 1_8
L1_8
+IN
R4
C1_8
DCMs in current limit will operate with higher output current or
power than the rated levels. Therefore the following Thermal
Safe Operating Area plot should be used for array use, or loads
that drive the DCM in to current limit for sustained operation.
Top side only cooling is not recommended for array or current
limit operation.
+OUT
COUT-EXT-8
D1
-IN
-OUT
Shared -IN Kelvin
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100
Temperature (°C)
Figure 25 — DCM paralleling configuration circuit 1
Temperature of:
When common mode noise rejection in the input side is needed,
common modes choke can be added in the input side of each
DCM. An example of DCM paralleling circuit is shown below:
+
R1_1
F 1_1
+IN
L1_1
CDECOUPLE
C1_1
-IN
VEN1
_
_
FB1_1
R3_1
D1_1
R2_2
+
R1_2
F 1_2
L1_2
C1_2
VTR2
VEN2
_
_
FT
L2_1
R4_1
+
TR
EN
C2_1
VTR1
+IN
COUT-EXT-1
-IN
R3_2
D1_2
R2_8
+
L1_8
C1_8
TR
FT
+IN
+OUT
COUT-EXT-2
-IN
-OUT
≈≈
DCM8
TR
EN
FB1_8
C2_8
R3_8
FT
VEN8
L2_8
R4_8
_
_
-OUT
L2_2
R4_2
VTR8
C5
EN
FB1_2
C2_2
+
R1_8
C4
-OUT
DCM2
≈≈
F 1_8
+OUT
+OUT
D1_8
+IN
+OUT
COUT-EXT-8
-IN
-OUT
Figure 26 — DCM paralleling configuration circuit 2
Notice that each group of control pins need to be individually
driven and isolated from the other groups control pins. This is
because –IN of each DCM can be at a different voltage due to
the common mode chokes. Attempting to share control pin
circuitry could lead to incorrect behavior of the DCMs.
An array of DCMs used at the full array rated power may
generally have one or more DCMs operating at current limit, due
to sharing errors. Load sharing is functionally managed by the
load line. Thermal balancing is improved by the nominal effective
temperature coefficient of the output voltage setpoint.
DCM™ DC-DC Converter
Page 22 of 26
Rev 1.1
01/2017
Case top & bottom,
and leads
Figure 27 — Maximum Power Dissipation for Array or
Current Limit Operation
DCM1
R2_1
+
Case top and leads
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DCM4623xC8G16F0yzz
DCM Module Product Outline Drawing Recommended PCB Footprint and Pinout
47.91±.38
1.886±.015
11.43
.450
23.96
.943
0
1.52
.060
(2) PL.
11.40
.449
0
0
22.80±.13
.898±.005
1.52
.060
(4) pl.
0
1.02
.040
(3) PL.
TOP VIEW (COMPONENT SIDE)
.05 [.002]
7.26±.05
.286±.002
SEATING
PLANE
4.17
.164
(9) PL.
.41
.016
(9) PL.
NOTES:
23.19
.913
0
23.19
.913
1- RoHS COMPLIANT PER CST-0001 LATEST REVISION.
8.25
.325
8.00
.315
2.75
.108
0
0
1.38
.054
2.75
.108
1.38
.054
4.13
.162
8.00
.315
0
8.25
.325
8.00±.08
.315±.003
4.13±.08
.162±.003
1.38±.08
.054±.003
0
2.03
.080
PLATED THRU
.25 [.010]
ANNULAR RING
(2) PL.
DCM™ DC-DC Converter
Page 23 of 26
Rev 1.1
01/2017
2.75±.08
.108±.003
-OUT
AD
0
DA
CL
8.00±.08
.315±.003
8.25±.08
.325±.003
+OUT
+IN
-IN
+OUT
2.75±.08
.108±.003
-OUT
8.25±.08
.325±.003
0
1.38±.08
.054±.003
0
23.19±.08
.913±.003
1.52
.060
PLATED THRU
.25 [.010]
ANNULAR RING
(3) PL.
23.19±.08
.913±.003
BOTTOM VIEW
RECOMMENDED HOLE PATTERN
(COMPONENT SIDE)
vicorpower.com
800 927.9474
2.03
.080
PLATED THRU
.38 [.015]
ANNULAR RING
(4) PL.
DCM4623xC8G16F0yzz
Recommended PCB Footprint for 4623 DCM with Top-side or Dual Heatsink
0
THRU HOLE
SEE NOTE 1
CHIP OUTLINE
0
6123 AND 4623
RECOMMENDED LAND PATTERN
(NO GROUNDING CLIPS)
TOP SIDE SHOWN
APPLIES TO BOTH THRU HOLE
AND SURFACE MOUNT DEVICES
0
PLATED
THRU HOLE
ANNULAR RING
CHIP OUTLINE
0
0
THRU HOLE
SEE NOTE 1
DCM™ DC-DC Converter
Page 24 of 26
Rev 1.1
01/2017
vicorpower.com
800 927.9474
6123 AND 4623
RECOMMENDED LAND PATTERN
(GROUNDING CLIPS)
TOP SIDE SHOWN
APPLIES TO BOTH THRU HOLE
AND SURFACE MOUNT DEVICES
DCM4623xC8G16F0yzz
Revision History
Revision
Date
1.0
09/23/16
Release of current data sheet with new part number
1.1
01/03/17
Updated Part Ordering Information
DCM™ DC-DC Converter
Page 25 of 26
Description
Rev 1.1
01/2017
Page Number(s)
n/a
1
vicorpower.com
800 927.9474
DCM4623xC8G16F0yzz
Vicor’s comprehensive line of power solutions includes high density AC-DC and DC-DC modules and
accessory components, fully configurable AC-DC and DC-DC power supplies, and complete custom
power systems.
Information furnished by Vicor is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Vicor for its use. Vicor makes no
representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this publication. Vicor reserves the right to make
changes to any products, specifications, and product descriptions at any time without notice. Information published by Vicor has been checked and
is believed to be accurate at the time it was printed; however, Vicor assumes no responsibility for inaccuracies. Testing and other quality controls
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all parameters of each product is not necessarily performed.
Specifications are subject to change without notice.
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PRIOR WRITTEN APPROVAL OF THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER AND GENERAL COUNSEL OF VICOR CORPORATION. As used herein, life support
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when properly used in accordance with instructions for use provided in the labeling can be reasonably expected to result in a significant injury to the
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RE40,072; 7,561,446; 7,920,391; 7,782,639; 8,427,269; 6,421,262 and other patents pending.
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Andover, MA, USA 01810
Tel: 800-735-6200
Fax: 978-475-6715
email
Customer Service: [email protected]
Technical Support: [email protected]
DCM™ DC-DC Converter
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01/2017
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