ON AX8052F100 Ultra-low power microcontroller Datasheet

AX8052F100
Ultra-Low Power
Microcontroller
OVERVIEW
The AX8052F100 is a single chip ultra−lowpower microcontroller
primarily for use in radio applications. The AX8052F100 contains a
high speed microcontroller compatible to the industry standard 8052
instruction set. It contains 64 kBytes of FLASH and 8.25 kBytes of
internal SRAM. The AX8052F100 features 3 16−bit general purpose
timers with SD capability, 2 output compare units for generating
PWM signals, 2 input compare units to record timings of external
signals, 2 16−bit wakeup timers, a watchdog timer, 2 UARTs, a
Master/Slave SPI controller, a 10−bit 500 kSample/s A/D converter,
2 analog comparators, a temperature sensor, a 2 channel DMA
controller, and a dedicated AES crypto controller. Debugging is aided
by a dedicated hardware debug interface controller that connects using
a 3−wire protocol (1 dedicated wire, 2 shared with GPIO) to the PC
hosting the debug software.
www.onsemi.com
1 28
QFN28 5x5, 0.5P
CASE 485EH
ORDERING INFORMATION
Device
Type
Qty
AX8052F100−2−TA05
Tape & Reel
500
AX8052F100−2−TW30
Tape & Reel
3,000
Features
Ultra−low Power Microcontroller
• QFN28 Package
• Supply Range 1.8 V − 3.6 V
• −40°C to 85°C
• Ultra−low Power Consumption:
♦ CPU Active Mode 150 mA/MHz
♦ Sleep Mode with 256 Byte RAM Retention and
Wake−up Timer running 850 nA
♦ Sleep Mode 4 kByte RAM Retention and Wake−up
Timer running 1.5 mA
♦ Sleep Mode 8 kByte RAM Retention and Wake−up
Timer running 2.2 mA
Memory
• 64 kByte FLASH
100,000 Erase Cycles
10 Year Data Retention
• 8.25 kByte RAM
• High Performance Memory Crossbar
Clocking
• Four Clock Sources
♦
AX8052 Core
• Industry Standard 8052 Instruction Set
• High Performance Core, most Instructions Require only
•
• 20 MIPS
• Dual DPTR for High Speed Memory Chips
• 22 Interrupt Vectors
•
•
1 Clock per Instruction Byte
Power Modes
• Standby, Sleep and Deep Sleep Power Modes for Very
Low Idle Power Consumption
• On−chip Power−on−Reset and Brown−out Detection
• Unrestricted Operation from 1.8 V − 3.6 V VDD_IO
Debugger
• Three−wire (1 dedicated, 2 shared with GPIO Pins)
•
•
•
Debugger Interface
True Hardware Debugger with Breakpoints and Single
Stepping Support
User Programmable 64−bit Key to restrict Debugging
to Authorized Personnel
DebugLink Interface allows “printf” Style Debugging
without utilizing a UART or GPIO Pins
© Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2016
May, 2016 − Rev. 3
On−chip 20 MHz RC−oscillator
10 kHz/640 Hz Ultra−low−power RC−oscillator
♦ Fast Crystal Oscillator
♦ Low Power Tuning Fork Crystal Oscillator
Fully Automatic Calibration of On−chip RC Oscillators
to a Reference Clock
Clock Monitor can Detect Failures of the Main Clock
and Switch to the On−chip Fast RC Oscillator
Watchdog
♦
16−bit Wakeup Timer
• Two Counting Registers
• Four Event Registers Allow Flexible Wakeup and
Software Schedules
1
Publication Order Number:
AX8052F100/D
AX8052F100
• Internal 1 V Reference
• Flexibly Programmable Conversion Schedule
• Built−in Temperature Sensor
GPIO
• 24 GPIO Pins
• PB0−PB7, PC0−PC3 and PR0−PR5 5 V Tolerant Inputs
• All GPIO Pins Support Individually Programmable
Pull−ups and Interrupt on Change
• Flexible Allocation of GPIO Pins to Peripherals
Analog Comparators
• Internal and External Reference
• Output Signal may be Routed to GPIO, Read by
Software, or Used as Input Capture Trigger
16−bit General Purpose Timer (3x)
• Saw Tooth and Triangle Modes
• Sigma−Delta Mode Converts Timer into a DAC
• Optional Double Buffering of the PERIOD Register
allows Controlled Frequency Changes
• Optional High−byte Buffering allows Atomic 16−bit
Accesses
• Flexible Clocking Options, can use any Internal or an
External Clock Source
• Pre−scaler Included
DMA Controller
• 2 Independent DMA Channels
• Moves Data between X−RAM and most On−chip
Peripherals
• Cycle−steal and Round−robin Memory Arbitration
ensure Minimal Impact on AX8052 Core
• Chained Buffer Descriptors allow Arbitrarily Elaborate
Buffering Schemes and Flexible Interrupt Generation
AES
• Dedicated AES Crypto Controller
• Dedicated DMA Engine to fetch Input Data and Key
16−bit Output Compare Unit (2x)
• Used together with a General Purpose Timer to create
PWM Waveforms
• Optional Double Buffering
•
•
16−bit Input Capture Unit (2x)
• Used together with a General Purpose Timer to time
Events on an External or Internal Signal
•
UART (2x)
• 5−9 bit Word Length, 1−2 Stop Bits
• Uses One of the General Purpose Timers as Baud Rate
Generator
•
Stream from X−RAM and Strobe Output Data into
X−RAM
Multi Megabit/s Data Rates
Supports AES−128, AES−192 and AES−256
International Standards
Programmable Round Number and Software Key
Schedule Generation allow Longer Key Lengths for
Higher Security Applications
ECB, CFB and OFB Chaining Modes
NOTE: The AES engine requires software enabling and
support.
Dedicated Radio Master SPI Interface
• Compatible to AX RF and other Peripherals
• Efficient CPU Access
• Easy Access to Transceiver Registers by Mapping
Transceiver Registers into X Address Space
• Transceiver Crystal may clock MCU
True Random Number Generator (RNG)
• Cryptographic Random Numbers
NOTE: The random number generator requires software
enabling and support.
Applications
• Ultra−low Power Microcontroller Applications,
Master/Slave SPI
• Supports 3 and 4 Wire Variants
•
•
•
•
•
•
ADC
• 10−bit 500 kSamples/s ADC
• Up to 8 Channels
• Single Ended and Differential Sampling
• x0.1, x1 and x10 Gain Amplifier
especially in Conjunction with AXRadio IC
Sensor Applications
Home Automation
Automatic Meter Reading
Remote Keyless Entry
Active RFID
Wireless Audio
www.onsemi.com
2
AX8052F100
BLOCK DIAGRAM
DMA
Controller
Timer
Counter 0
8k
Timer
Counter 2
AX8052
Debug
Interface
Output
Comp 0
System
Controller
Output
Comp 1
Reset, Clocks, Power
Input
Capt 0
AES
Crypto Engine
Input
Capt 1
ADC
Comparators
Temp Sensor
UART 0
SFR-Bus
SPI M/S
POR
PA0
PA1
PA2
PA3
PA4
PA5
Timer
Counter 1
I-Bus
256
X-Bus
RESET_N
GND
VDD_IO
GPIO
P-Bus
DBG_EN
FLASH
64k
RAM
IRQ Req
PR0
PR1
PR2
PR3
PR4
PR5
DMA Req
AX8052F100
UART 1
I/O Multiplexer
Figure 1. Functional Block Diagram of the AX8052F100
www.onsemi.com
3
PB0
PB1
PB2
PB3
PB4
PB5
PB6
PB7
PC0
PC1
PC2
PC3
AX8052F100
Table 1. PIN FUNCTION DESCRIPTIONS
Pin(s)
Type
PR5
Symbol
1
I/O/PU
Description
VDD_CORE
2
P
PR4
3
I/O/PU
General Purpose I/O
PR3
4
I/O/PU
General Purpose I/O
PR2
5
I/O/PU
General Purpose I/O
PR1
6
I/O/PU
General Purpose I/O
PR0
7
I/O/PU
General Purpose I/O
PC3
8
I/O/PU
General Purpose I/O
PC2
9
I/O/PU
General Purpose I/O
PC1
10
I/O/PU
General Purpose I/O
PC0
11
I/O/PU
General Purpose I/O
PB0
12
I/O/PU
General Purpose I/O
PB1
13
I/O/PU
General Purpose I/O
PB2
14
I/O/PU
General Purpose I/O
PB3
15
I/O/PU
General Purpose I/O
PB4
16
I/O/PU
General Purpose I/O
PB5
17
I/O/PU
General Purpose I/O
PB6, DBG_DATA
18
I/O/PU
General Purpose I/O, debugger data line
PB7, DBG_CLK
19
I/O/PU
General Purpose I/O, debugger clock line
DBG_EN
20
I/PD
In−Circuit Debugger Enable
RESET_N
21
I/PU
Optional reset pin. If this pin is not used it must be connected to VDD_IO
VDD_IO
22
P
PA0
23
I/O/PU
General Purpose I/O
PA1
24
I/O/PU
General Purpose I/O
PA2
25
I/O/PU
General Purpose I/O
PA3
26
I/O/PU
General Purpose I/O
PA4
27
I/O/PU
General Purpose I/O
PA5
28
I/O/PU
General Purpose I/O
GND
Center pad
P
General Purpose I/O
Regulated output voltage
Unregulated power supply
Ground on center pad of QFN, must be connected
All digital inputs are Schmitt trigger inputs, digital input
and output levels are LVCMOS/LVTTL compatible. Port A
Pins (PA0 − PA7) must not be driven above VDD_IO, all
other digital inputs are 5 V tolerant. Pull−ups are
programmable for all GPIO pins.
A = analog input
I = digital input signal
O = digital output signal
PU = pull−up
I/O = digital input/output signal
N = not to be connected
P = power or ground
PD = pull−down
www.onsemi.com
4
AX8052F100
Alternate Pin Functions
GPIO Pins are shared with dedicated Input/Output signals of on−chip peripherals. The following table lists the available
functions on each GPIO pin.
Table 2. ALTERNATE PIN FUNCTIONS
GPIO
Alternate Functions
PA0
T0OUT
IC1
ADC0
XTALP
PA1
T0CLK
OC1
ADC1
XTALN
PA2
OC0
U1RX
ADC2
COMPI00
PA3
T1OUT
ADC3
LPXTALP
PA4
T1CLK
COMPO0
ADC4
LPXTALN
PA5
IC0
U1TX
ADC5
COMPI10
EXTIRQ0
PB0
U1TX
IC1
PB1
U1RX
OC1
PB2
IC0
T2OUT
PB3
OC0
T2CLK
PB4
U0TX
T1CLK
PB5
U0RX
T1OUT
PB6
DBG_DATA
PB7
DBG_CLK
PC0
SSEL
T0OUT
EXTIRQ0
PC1
SSCK
T0CLK
COMPO1
PC2
SMOSI
U0TX
PC3
SMISO
U0RX
PR0
RSEL
PR1
RSYSCLK
PR2
RCLK
PR3
RMISO
PR4
RMOSI
PR5
RIRQ
www.onsemi.com
5
EXTIRQ1
COMPO0
DSWAKE
AX8052F100
VDD_IO
PA0/ADC0/T0OUT/IC1/XTALN
PA1/ADC1/T0CLK/OC1/XTALP
27 26 25 24 23 22
PA2/ADC2/OC0/U1RX/COMPI00
PA4/ADC4/T1CLK/COMPO0/LPXTALN
28
PA3/ADC3/T1OUT/LPXTALP
PA5/ADC5/IC0/U1TX/COMPI10
Pinout Drawing
21 RESET_N
RIRQ/PR5 1
VDD_CORE 2
20 DBG_EN
RMOSI/PR4 3
19 PB7/DBG_CLK
AX8052F100
RMISO/PR3 4
18 PB6/DBG_DATA
RCLK/PR2 5
17 PB5/U0RX/T1OUT
RSEL/PR0 6
16 PB4/U0TX/T1CLK
RSYSCLK/PR1 7
COMPO1/T0CLK/SSCK/PC1
14
T2OUT/IC0/PB2
U0TX/SMOSI/PC2
11 12 13
OC1/U1RX/PB1
10
EXTIRQ0/IC1/U1TX/PB0
9
EXTIRQ0/T0OUT/SSEL/PC0
8
COMPO0/U0RX/SMISO/PC3
15 PB3/OC0/T2CLK/EXTIRQ1/DSWAKE
Figure 2. Pinout Drawing (Top View)
www.onsemi.com
6
AX8052F100
SPECIFICATIONS
Table 3. ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Symbol
Description
Condition
Min
Max
Units
−0.5
5.5
V
100
mA
VDD_IO
Supply voltage
IDD
Supply current
Ptot
Total power consumption
800
mW
II1
DC current into any pin
−10
10
mA
II2
DC current into pins
−100
100
mA
IO
Output Current
40
mA
Via
Input voltage digital pins
−0.5
5.5
V
Ves
Electrostatic handling
−2000
2000
V
Tamb
Operating temperature
−40
85
°C
Tstg
Storage temperature
−65
150
°C
Tj
Junction Temperature
150
°C
HBM
Stresses exceeding those listed in the Maximum Ratings table may damage the device. If any of these limits are exceeded, device functionality
should not be assumed, damage may occur and reliability may be affected.
1. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
DC Characteristics
Table 4. SUPPLIES
Symbol
Description
Condition
Min
Typ
Max
Units
TAMB
Operational ambient temperature
−40
27
85
°C
VDD_IO
I/O and voltage regulator supply voltage
1.8
3.0
3.6
V
VDDIO_R1
I/O voltage ramp for reset activation;
Note 1
Ramp starts at VDD_IO ≤ 0.1 V
0.1
V/ms
VDDIO_R2
I/O voltage ramp for reset activation;
Note 1
Ramp starts at 0.1V < VDD_IO < 0.7 V
3.3
V/ms
VBOUT
Brown−out Threshold
Note 2
1.3
V
IDEEPSLEEP
Deep Sleep current
50
nA
ISLEEP256PIN
Sleep current, 256 Bytes RAM retained
Wakeup from dedicated pin
450
nA
ISLEEP256
Sleep current, 256 Bytes RAM retained
Wakeup Timer running at 640 Hz
850
nA
ISLEEP4K
Sleep current, 4.25 kBytes RAM
retained
Wakeup Timer running at 640 Hz
1.5
mA
ISLEEP8K
Sleep current, 8.25 kBytes RAM
retained
Wakeup Timer running at 640 Hz
2.2
mA
IMCU
Micro−controller Running Power
consumption
All peripherals disabled
150
mA/
MHz
IVSUP
Voltage Supervisor
Run and Standby mode
85
mA
IXTALOSC
Crystal oscillator current
20 MHz
160
mA
ILFXTALOSC
Low Frequency Crystal Oscillator
current
32 kHz
700
nA
IRCOSC
Internal Oscillator current
20 MHz
210
mA
ILPOSC
Internal Low Power Oscillator current
10 kHz
650
nA
640 Hz
210
nA
311 kSample/s, DMA 5 MHz
1.1
mA
IADC
ADC current
1. If VDD_IO ramps cannot be guaranteed, an external reset circuit is recommended, see the AX8052 Application Note: Power On Reset
2. Digital circuitry is functional down to typically 1 V.
www.onsemi.com
7
AX8052F100
Table 5. LOGIC
Symbol
Description
Condition
Min
Typ
Max
Units
Digital Inputs
VDD_IO = 3.3 V
VT+
Schmitt trigger low to high threshold point
1.55
V
VT−
Schmitt trigger high to low threshold point
VIL
Input voltage, low
VIH
Input voltage, high
2.0
VIPA
Input voltage range, Port A
−0.5
VDD_IO
V
VIPBC
Input voltage range, Ports B, C
−0.5
5.5
V
IL
Input leakage current
−10
10
mA
RPU
Programmable Pull−Up Resistance
1.25
V
0.8
V
V
65
kW
Digital Outputs
IOH
P[ABC]x Output Current, high
VOH = 2.4 V
8
mA
IOL
P[ABC]x Output Current, low
VOL = 0.4 V
8
mA
IPROH
PRx Output Current, high
VOH = 2.4 V
2
mA
IPROL
PRx Output Current, low
VOL = 0.4 V
2
mA
IOZ
Tri−state output leakage current
−10
10
mA
AC Characteristics
Table 6. CRYSTAL OSCILLATOR
Symbol
Description
fXTAL
Crystal frequency
gmxosc
Transconductance oscillator
Note 1
Condition
Min
8
XTALOSCGM = 0001
0.5
XTALOSCGM = 0010
1.0
XTALOSCGM = 1110
4.5
XTALOSCGM = 1111
RINxosc
Typ
Input DC impedance
Max
Units
20
MHz
mS
11.0
10
kW
1. During normal operation the oscillator transconductance is automatically adjusted for lowest power consumption
Table 7. LOW FREQUENCY CRYSTAL OSCILLATOR
Symbol
Description
fLPXTAL
Crystal frequency
gmlpxosc
Transconductance oscillator
RINlpxosc
Condition
Min
Typ
Max
Units
32
150
kHz
LPXOSCGM = 00110
3.5
LPXOSCGM = 01000
4.6
LPXOSCGM = 01100
6.9
LPXOSCGM = 10000
9.1
Input DC impedance
10
www.onsemi.com
8
ms
MW
AX8052F100
Table 8. INTERNAL LOW POWER OSCILLATOR
Symbol
fLPOSC
Description
Condition
Oscillation Frequency
Min
Typ
Max
Units
LPOSCFAST = 0
Factory calibration applied. Over the
full temperature and voltage range
630
640
650
Hz
LPOSCFAST = 1
Factory calibration applied. Over the
full temperature and voltage range
10.08
10.24
10.39
kHz
Min
Typ
Max
Units
19.8
20
20.2
MHz
Table 9. INTERNAL RC OSCILLATOR
Symbol
Description
fLFRPCOSC
Oscillation Frequency
Condition
Factory calibration applied. Over the
full temperature and voltage range
Table 10. MICROCONTROLLER
Symbol
Description
Condition
Min
Typ
Max
Units
TSYSCLKL
SYSCLK Low
27
ns
TSYSCLKH
SYSCLK High
21
ns
TSYSCLKP
SYSCLK Period
47
ns
TFLWR
FLASH Write Time
2 Bytes
20
ms
TFLPE
FLASH Page Erase
1 kBytes
2
ms
TFLE
FLASH Secure Erase
64 kBytes
10
ms
TFLEND
FLASH Endurance: Erase Cycles
100 000
Cycles
TFLRETroom
FLASH Data Retention
TFLREThot
10 000
25°C
See Figure 3 for the lower limit
set by the memory qualification
100
85°C
See Figure 3 for the lower limit
set by the memory qualification
10
Years
Data retention time [years]
100000
10000
1000
100
10
15
25
35
45
55
Temperature [5C]
65
75
85
Figure 3. FLASH Memory Qualification Limit for Data Retention after 10k Erase Cycles
www.onsemi.com
9
AX8052F100
Table 11. ADC / COMPARATOR / TEMPERATURE SENSOR
Symbol
Description
Condition
Min
ADCSR
ADC sampling rate GPADC mode
30
ADCSR_T
ADC sampling rate temperature sensor mode
10
ADCRES
ADC resolution
VADCREF
ADC reference voltage & comparator internal
reference voltage
ZADC00
Input capacitance
DNL
Differential nonlinearity
INL
Integral nonlinearity
OFF
Offset
GAIN_ERR
Gain error
Typ
15.6
Max
Units
500
kHz
30
kHz
10
0.95
1
Bits
1.05
V
2.5
pF
±1
LSB
±1
LSB
3
LSB
0.8
%
ADC in Differential Mode
VABS_DIFF
Absolute voltages & common mode voltage in
differential mode at each input
VFS_DIFF01
Full swing input for differential signals
VFS_DIFF10
0
VDD_IO
V
Gain x1
−500
500
mV
Gain x10
−50
50
mV
ADC in Single Ended Mode
VMID_SE
Mid code input voltage in single ended mode
VIN_SE00
Input voltage in single ended mode
VFS_SE01
Full swing input for single ended signals
VFS_SE10
0.5
V
0
VDD_IO
V
Gain x1
0
1
V
Gain x10
0.45
0.55
V
Comparators
VCOMP_ABS
Comparator absolute input voltage
0
VDD_IO
V
VCOMP_COM
Comparator input common mode
0
VDD_IO −
0.8
V
VCOMPOFF
Comparator input offset voltage
20
mV
85
°C
Temperature Sensor
TRNG
Temperature range
TRES
Temperature resolution
TERR_CAL
Temperature error
−40
0.1607
Factory calibration
applied
www.onsemi.com
10
−2
°C/LSB
2
°C
AX8052F100
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
The AX8052F100 is a single chip ultra−lowpower
microcontroller primarily for use in radio applications. The
AX8052F100 contains a high speed microcontroller
compatible to the industry standard 8052 instruction set. It
contains 64 kBytes of FLASH and 8.25 kBytes of internal
SRAM. The AX8052F100 features 3 16−bit general purpose
timers with SD capability, 2 output compare units for
generating PWM signals, 2 input compare units to record
timings of external signals, 2 16−bit wakeup timers, a
watchdog timer, 2 UARTs, a Master/Slave SPI controller, a
10−bit 500 kSample/s A/D converter, 2 analog comparators,
a temperature sensor, a 2 channel DMA controller, and a
dedicated AES crypto controller. Debugging is aided by a
dedicated hardware debug interface controller that connects
using a 3−wire protocol (1 dedicated wire, 2 shared with
GPIO) to the PC hosting the debug software.
The system clock that clocks the microcontroller, as well
as peripheral clocks, can be selected from one of the
following clock sources: the crystal oscillator, an internal
high speed 20 MHz oscillator, an internal low speed
640 Hz/10 kHz oscillator, or the low frequency crystal
oscillator. Pre−scalers offer additional flexibility with their
programmable divide by a power of two capability. To
improve the accuracy of the internal oscillators, both
oscillators may be slaved to the crystal oscillator.
AX8052F100 can be operated from a 1.8 V to 3.6 V power
supply over a temperature range of −40°C to 85°C. The
AX8052F100 features make it an ideal interface for
integration into various battery powered SRD solutions such
as ticketing or as transceiver for telemetric applications e.g.
in sensors.
Memory Architecture
The AX8052F100 Microcontroller features the highest
bandwidth memory architecture of its class. Figure 4 shows
the memory architecture. Three bus masters may initiate bus
cycles:
• The AX8052 Microcontroller Core
• The Direct Memory Access (DMA) Engine
• The Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) Engine
Bus targets include:
• Two individual 4 kBytes RAM blocks located in X
•
•
•
•
address space, which can be simultaneously accessed
and individually shut down or retained during sleep
mode
A 256 Byte RAM located in internal address space,
which is always retained during sleep mode
A 64 kBytes FLASH memory located in code space.
Special Function Registers (SFR) located in internal
address space accessible using direct address mode
instructions
Additional Registers located in X address space
(X Registers)
The upper half of the FLASH memory may also be
accessed through the X address space. This simplifies and
makes the software more efficient by reducing the need for
generic pointers.
NOTE: Generic pointers include, in addition to the
address, an address space tag.
SFR Registers are also accessible through X address
space, enabling indirect access to SFR registers. This allows
driver code for multiple identical peripherals (such as
UARTs or Timers) to be shared.
The 4 word × 16 bit fully associative cache and a pre−fetch
controller hide the latency of the FLASH.
Microcontroller
The AX8052F100 microcontroller core executes the
industry standard 8052 instruction set. Unlike the original
8052, many instructions are executed in a single cycle. The
system clock and thus the instruction rate can be
programmed freely from DC to 20 MHz.
www.onsemi.com
11
AX8052F100
AES
Cache
AX8052
DMA
X Bus
SFR Bus
Arbiter
Arbiter
Arbiter
XRAM
XRAM
X Registers
0000−0FFF
1000−1FFF
4000−7FFF
Prefetch
IRAM Bus
Arbiter
Code Bus
Arbiter
Arbiter
SFR Registers
IRAM
FLASH
80−FF
00−FF
0000−FFFF
Figure 4. AX8052 Memory Architecture
The AES engine accesses memory 16 bits at a time. It is
therefore slightly faster to align its buffers on even
addresses.
The AX8052 Memory Architecture is fully parallel. All
bus masters may simultaneously access different bus targets
during each system clock cycle. Each bus target includes an
arbiter that resolves access conflicts. Each arbiter ensures
that no bus master can be starved.
Both 4 kBytes RAM blocks may be individually retained
or switched off during sleep mode. The 256 Byte RAM is
always retained during sleep mode.
Memory Map
The AX8052, like the other industry standard 8052
compatible microcontrollers, uses a Harvard architecture.
Multiple address spaces are used to access code and data.
Figure 5 shows the AX8052 memory map.
I (internal) Space
Address
P (Code) Space
X Space
direct access
0000−007F
indirect access
IRAM
IRAM
XRAM
0080−00FF
SFR
0100−1FFF
IRAM
2000−207F
2080−3F7F
FLASH
3F80−3FFF
SFR
4000−4FFF
RREG
5000−5FFF
RREG (nb)
6000−7FFF
XREG
8000−FBFF
FLASH
FC00−FFFF
Calibration Data
Calibration Data
Figure 5. AX8052 Memory Map
www.onsemi.com
12
AX8052F100
given in the Radio chip’s Programming Manual are relative
to the beginning of RREG, i.e. 0x4000 must be added to
these addresses. If an AXRadio chip is connected, the
appropriate provided ax8052f1xx.h header file should be
used.
Normally, accessing Radio Registers through the RREG
address range is adequate. Since Radio Register accesses
have a higher latency than other AX8052 registers, the
AX8052 provides a method for non−blocking access to the
Radio Registers. Accessing the RREG (nb) address range
initiates a Radio Register access, but does not wait for its
completion. The details of mechanism is documented in the
Radio Interface section of the AX8052 Programming
Manual.
The FLASH memory is organized as 64 pages of 1 kBytes
each. Each page can be individually erased. The write word
size is 16 Bits. The last 1 kByte page is dedicated to factory
calibration data and should not be overwritten.
The AX8052 uses P or Code Space to access its program.
Code space may also be read using the MOVC instruction.
Smaller amounts of data can be placed in the Internal (see
Note) or Data Space. A distinction is made in the upper half
of the Data Space between direct accesses (MOV reg,addr;
MOV addr,reg) and indirect accesses (MOV reg,@Ri;
MOV @Ri,reg; PUSH; POP); Direct accesses are routed to
the Special Function Registers, while indirect accesses are
routed to the internal RAM.
NOTE: The origin of Internal versus External (X) Space
is historical. External Space used to be outside
of the chip on the original 8052
Microcontrollers.
Large amounts of data can be placed in the External or X
Space. It can be accessed using the MOVX instructions.
Special Function Registers, as well as additional
Microcontroller Registers (XREG) and the Radio Registers
(RREG) are also mapped into the X Space.
Detailed documentation of the Special Function Registers
(SFR) and additional Microcontroller Registers can be
found in the AX8052 Programming Manual.
The Radio Registers are documented in the Programming
Manual of the connected Radio chip. Register Addresses
Power Management
The microcontroller supports the following power modes:
Table 12. POWER MANAGEMENT
PCON
register
Name
Description
00
RUNNING
The microcontroller and all peripherals are running. Current consumption depends on the system clock
frequency and the enabled peripherals and their clock frequency.
01
STANDBY
The microcontroller is stopped. All register and memory contents are retained. All peripherals continue to
function normally. Current consumption is determined by the enabled peripherals. STANDBY is exited
when any of the enabled interrupts become active.
10
SLEEP
The microcontroller and its peripherals, except GPIO and the system controller, are shut down. Their
register settings are lost. The internal RAM is retained. The external RAM is split into two 4 kByte blocks.
Software can determine individually for both blocks whether contents of that block are to be retained or
lost. SLEEP can be exited by any of the enabled GPIO or system controller interrupts. For most
applications this will be a GPIO or wakeup timer interrupt.
11
DEEPSLEEP
The microcontroller, all peripherals and the transceiver are shut down. Only 4 bytes of scratch RAM are
retained. DEEPSLEEP can only be exited by tying the PB3 pin low.
www.onsemi.com
13
AX8052F100
Clocking
WDT
Wakeup
Timer
FRCOSC
Calib
Interrupt
LPOSC
FRCOSC
Glitch Free Clock Switch
LPOSC
Calib
Internal Reset
XOSC
Prescaler
÷1,2,4,...
System Clock
Clock
Monitor
LPXOSC
RSYSCLK
Figure 6. Clock System Diagram
The system clock can be derived from any of the following
clock sources:
• The crystal oscillator
• The low speed crystal oscillator
• The internal high speed RC (20 MHz) oscillator
• The internal low power (640 Hz/10 kHz) oscillator
Both internal oscillators can be slaved to one of the crystal
oscillators to increase the accuracy of the oscillation
frequency. While the reference oscillator runs, the internal
oscillator is slaved to the reference frequency by a digital
frequency locked loop. When the reference oscillator is
switched off, the internal oscillator continues to run
unslaved with the last frequency setting.
An additional pre−scaler allows the selected oscillator to
be divided by a power of two. After reset, the
microcontroller starts with the internal high speed RC
oscillator selected and divided by two. I.e. at start−up, the
microcontroller runs with 10 MHz ± 10%. Clocks may be
switched any time by writing to the CLKCON register. In
order to prevent clock glitches, the switching takes
approximately 2·(T1+T2), where T1 and T2 are the periods
of the old and the new clock. Switching may take longer if
the new oscillator first has to start up. Internal oscillators
start up instantaneously, but crystal oscillators may take a
considerable amount of time to start the oscillation.
CLKSTAT can be read to determine the clock switching
status.
A programmable clock monitor resets the CLKCON
register when no system clock transitions are found during
a programmable time interval, thus reverts to the internal RC
oscillator.
Reset and Interrupts
After reset, the microcontroller starts executing at address
0x0000. All registers except SCRATCH0...SCRATCH3 are
set to default values. RAM is either retained (SLEEP mode)
or undefined.
Several events can lead to resetting the microcontroller
core:
• POR or hardware RESET_N pin activated and released
• Leaving SLEEP or DEEPSLEEP mode
• Watchdog Reset
• Software Reset
The reset cause can be determined by reading the PCON
register.
After POR or reset all registers are set to their default
values.
AX8052F100 has an integrated power−on−reset block
which is edge sensitive to VDD_IO. For many common
www.onsemi.com
14
AX8052F100
modes, as well as a SD mode that can be used to output an
analog value on a dedicated digital pin only employing a
simple RC lowpass filter.
Two output compare units work in conjunction with one
of the timers to generate PWM signals.
Two input capture units work in conjunction with one of
the timers to measure transitions on an input signal.
For software timekeeping, two additional 16−bit wakeup
timers with 4 16−bit event registers are provided, generating
an interrupt on match events.
application cases no external reset circuitry is required.
However, if VDD_IO ramps cannot be guaranteed, an
external reset circuit is recommended. For detailed
recommendations and requirements see the AX8052
Application Note: Power On Reset.
The RESET_N pin contains a weak pull−up. However, it
is strongly recommended to connect the RESET_N pin to
VDD_IO if not used, for additional robustness.
The microcontroller supports 22 interrupt sources. Each
interrupt can be individually enabled and can be
programmed to have one of two possible priorities. The
interrupt vectors are located at 0x0003, 0x000B,…,
0x00AB.
UART
The AX8052F100 features two universal asynchronous
receiver transmitters. They use one of the timers as baud rate
generator. Word length can be programmed from 5 to 9 bits.
Debugging
A hardware debug unit considerably eases debugging
compared to other 8052 microcontrollers. It allows to
reliably stop the micro−controller at breakpoints even if the
stack is smashed. The debug unit communicates with the
host PC running the debugger using a 3 wire interface. One
wire is dedicated (DBG_EN), while two wires are shared
with GPIO pins (PB6, PB7). When DBG_EN is driven high,
PB6 and PB7 convert to debug interface pins and the GPIO
functionality is no longer available. A pin emulation feature
however allows bits PINB[7:6] to be set and PORTB[7:6]
and DIRB[7:6] to be read by the debugger software. This
allows for example switches or LEDs connected to the PB6,
PB7 pins to be emulated in the debugger software whenever
the debugger is active.
In order to protect the intellectual property of the firmware
developer, the debug interface can be locked using a
developer−selectable 64−bit key. The debug interface is then
disabled and can only be enabled with the knowledge of this
64−bit key. Therefore, unauthorized persons cannot read the
firmware through the debug interface, but debugging is still
possible for authorized persons. Secure erase can be initiated
without key knowledge; secure erase ensures that the main
FLASH array is completely erased before erasing the key,
reverting the chip into factory state.
The DebugLink peripheral looks like an UART to the
microcontroller, and allows exchange of data between the
microcontroller and the host PC without disrupting program
execution.
Dedicated Radio SPI Master Controller
The AX8052F100 features a dedicated Radio master SPI
controller. It is compatible with AX RF chips as well as some
third party SPI slave devices. It features efficient access by
the CPU. RF IC registers are mapped into the CPU X address
space.
SPI Master/Slave Controller
The AX8052F100 features a master/slave SPI controller.
Both 3 and 4 wire SPI variants are supported. In master
mode, any of the on−chip oscillators or the system clock may
be selected as clock source. An additional pre−scaler with
divide by two capability provides additional clocking
flexibility. Shift direction, as well as clock phase and
inversion, are programmable.
ADC, Analog Comparators and Temperature Sensor
The AX8052F100 features a 10−bit, 500 kSample/s
Analog to Digital converter. Figure 7 shows the block
diagram of the ADC. The ADC supports both single ended
and differential measurements. It uses an internal reference
of 1 V. ×1, ×10 and ×0.1 gain modes are provided. The ADC
may digitize signals on PA0…PA7, as well as VDD_IO and
an internal temperature sensor. The user can define four
channels which are then converted sequentially and stored
in four separate result registers. Each channel configuration
consists of the multiplexer and the gain setting.
The AX8052F100 contains an on−chip temperature
sensor. Built−in calibration logic allows the temperature
sensor to be calibrated in °C, °F or any other user defined
temperature scale.
The AX8052F100 also features two analog comparators.
Each comparator can either compare two voltages on
dedicated PA pins, or one voltage against the internal 1 V
reference. The comparator output can be routed to a
dedicated digital output pin or can be read by software. The
comparators are clocked with the system clock.
Timer, Output Compare and Input Capture
The AX8052F100 features three general purpose 16−bit
timers. Each timer can be clocked by the system clock, any
of the available oscillators, or a dedicated input pin. The
timers also feature a programmable clock inversion, a
programmable prescaler that can divide by powers of two,
and an optional clock synchronization logic that
synchronizes the clock to the system clock. All three
counters are identical and feature four different counting
www.onsemi.com
15
System Clock
SYSCLK
LPXOSC
XOSC
VDDIO
LPOSC
Temperature
Sensor
FRCOSC
ADCCLKSRC
AX8052F100
Free Running
One Shot
PA6
Timer 0
PA5
Timer 1
Prescaler
÷1,2,4,8,...
PA7
PA4
PA3
PA2
Timer 2
PC4
PA1
ADCCONV
Clock
PA0
Trigger
ADC Core
PPP
Ref
x 0.1, x 1, x 10
Gain
ADC Result
VREF
1V
0.5 V
Single Ended
NNN
ACOMP0IN
ACOMP0ST/PA4/PC3
ACOMP0INV
ACOMP0REF
System Clock
ACOMP1IN
ACOMP1ST/PA7/PC1
ACOMP1INV
ACOMP1REF
Figure 7. ADC Block Diagram
DMA Controller
microcontroller. Additional logic prevents starvation of the
DMA controller.
The AX8052F100 features a dual channel DMA engine.
Each DMA channel can either transfer data from XRAM to
almost any peripheral on chip, or from almost any peripheral
to XRAM. Both channels may also be cross−linked for
memory−memory transfers. The DMA channels use buffer
descriptors to find the buffers where data is to be retrieved
or placed, thus enabling very flexible buffering strategies.
The DMA channels access XRAM in a cycle steal fashion.
They access XRAM whenever XRAM is not used by the
microcontroller. Their priority is lower than the
microcontroller, thus interfering very little with the
AES Engine
The AX8052F100 contains a dedicated engine for the
government mandated Advanced Encryption Standard
(AES). It features a dedicated DMA engine and reads input
data as well as key stream data from the XRAM, and writes
output data into a programmable buffer in the XRAM. The
round number is programmable; the chip therefore supports
AES−128, AES−192, and AES−256, as well as higher
security proprietary variants. Key stream (key expansion) is
www.onsemi.com
16
AX8052F100
Ports
performed in software, adding to the flexibility of the AES
engine. ECB (electronic codebook), CFB (cipher feedback)
and OFB (output feedback) modes are directly supported
without software intervention. In conjunction with the true
random number generator a high degree of security can be
achieved.
VDDIO
PORTx.y
DIRx.y
Crystal Oscillator
65 kW
Special Function
The on−chip crystal oscillator allows the use of an
inexpensive quartz crystal as timing reference. Normally,
the oscillator operates fully automatically. It is powered on
whenever the system clock or any peripheral clock is
programmed to be derived from the crystal clock. To hide
crystal startup latencies, the oscillator may also be forced on
using the OSCFORCERUN register.
The transconductance of the oscillator is automatically
controlled to ensure fast startup and low steady state current
consumption. For lowest phase noise applications,
transconductance may be programmed manually using the
XTALOSC register.
PALTx.y
INTCHGx.y
Interrupt
PINx.y
PINx read clock
ANALOGx.y
Figure 8. Port Pin Schematic
Figure 8 shows the GPIO logic. The DIR register bit
determines whether the port pin acts as an output (1) or an
input (0).
If configured as an output, the PALT register bit
determines whether the port pin is connected to a peripheral
output (1), or used as a GPIO pin (0). In the latter case, the
PORT register bit determines the port pin drive value.
If configured as an input, the PORT register bit determines
whether a pull−up resistor is enabled (1) or disabled (0).
Inputs have chmitt−trigger characteristic. Port A inputs may
be disabled by setting the ANALOGA register bit; this
prevents additional current consumption if the voltage level
of the port pin is mid−way between logic low and logic high,
when the pin is used as an analog input.
Port A, B and C pins may interrupt the microcontroller if
their level changes. The INTCHG register bit enables the
interrupt. The PIN register bit reflects the value of the port
pin. Reading the PIN register also resets the interrupt if
interrupt on change is enabled.
www.onsemi.com
17
AX8052F100
APPLICATION INFORMATION
Typical Application Diagrams
Figure 9. Typical Application Diagram
PB3 is driven by the debugger only to bring the
AX8052F100 out of Deep Sleep. It is high impedance
otherwise.
Port Pins PR0−PR5 may be used to connect an AXRadio
Chip, or as General Purpose I/O.
Crystals are optional. Crystal Load Capacitances should
be chosen according to the Crystal Datasheet.
Figure 9 shows a typical application schematic.
Short Jumper JP1−1 if it is desired to supply the target
board from the Debug Adapter (50 mA max). Connect the
bottom exposed pad of the AX8052F100 to ground.
If the debugger is not running, PB6 and PB7 are not driven
by the Debug Adapter. If the debugger is running, the PB6
and PB7 values that the software reads may be set using the
Pin Emulation feature of the debugger.
www.onsemi.com
18
AX8052F100
QFN28 PACKAGE INFORMATION
QFN28 5x5, 0.5P
CASE 485EH
ISSUE A
PIN ONE
REFERENCE
ÉÉ
ÉÉ
A
B
D
L
NOTES:
1. DIMENSIONS AND TOLERANCING PER
ASME Y14.5M, 1994.
2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: MILLIMETERS.
3. DIMENSION b APPLIES TO PLATED
TERMINAL AND IS MEASURED BETWEEN
0.15 AND 0.30MM FROM THE TERMINAL TIP.
4. COPLANARITY APPLIES TO THE EXPOSED
PAD AS WELL AS THE TERMINALS.
L
L1
DETAIL A
ALTERNATE TERMINAL
CONSTRUCTIONS
E
DIM
A
A1
A3
b
D
D2
E
E2
e
L
L1
0.05 C
0.05 C
EXPOSED Cu
A
DETAIL B
0.10 C
(A3)
A1
0.08 C
C
SIDE VIEW
NOTE 4
DETAIL A
8
28X
ÉÉ
ÇÇ
ÇÇ
TOP VIEW
MOLD CMPD
DETAIL B
ALTERNATE
CONSTRUCTION
MILLIMETERS
MIN
MAX
0.80
1.00
0.00
0.05
0.20 REF
0.20
0.30
5.00 BSC
3.40
3.50
5.00 BSC
3.40
3.50
0.50 BSC
0.44
0.54
−−−
0.15
SEATING
PLANE
RECOMMENDED
SOLDERING FOOTPRINT*
D2
5.30
L
28X
0.69
3.60
15
1
E2
1
28
22
e
BOTTOM VIEW
28X
3.60 5.30
b
0.10
M
C A B
0.05
M
C
NOTE 3
0.50
PITCH
28X
0.32
DIMENSION: MILLIMETERS
*For additional information on our Pb−Free strategy and soldering
details, please download the ON Semiconductor Soldering and
Mounting Techniques Reference Manual, SOLDERRM/D.
www.onsemi.com
19
AX8052F100
QFN28 Soldering Profile
Preheat
Reflow
Cooling
tP
TP
Temperature
TL
tL
TsMAX
TsMIN
ts
25°C
T25°C to Peak
Time
Figure 10. QFN28 Soldering Profile
Table 13.
Profile Feature
Pb−Free Process
Average Ramp−Up Rate
3°C/s max.
Preheat Preheat
Temperature Min
TsMIN
150°C
Temperature Max
TsMAX
200°C
Time (TsMIN to TsMAX)
ts
60 – 180 sec
Time 25°C to Peak Temperature
T25°C to Peak
8 min max.
Liquidus Temperature
TL
217°C
Time over Liquidus Temperature
tL
60 – 150 s
Peak Temperature
tp
260°C
Time within 5°C of actual Peak Temperature
Tp
20 – 40 s
Reflow Phase
Cooling Phase
Ramp−down rate
6°C/s max.
1. All temperatures refer to the top side of the package, measured on the package body surface.
www.onsemi.com
20
AX8052F100
QFN28 Recommended Pad Layout
1. PCB land and solder masking recommendations
are shown in Figure 11.
A = Clearance from PCB thermal pad to solder mask opening, 0.0635 mm minimum
B = Clearance from edge of PCB thermal pad to PCB land, 0.2 mm minimum
C = Clearance from PCB land edge to solder mask opening to be as tight as possible
to ensure that some solder mask remains between PCB pads.
D = PCB land length = QFN solder pad length + 0.1 mm
E = PCB land width = QFN solder pad width + 0.1 mm
Figure 11. PCB Land and Solder Mask Recommendations
3. For the PCB thermal pad, solder paste should be
printed on the PCB by designing a stencil with an
array of smaller openings that sum to 50% of the
QFN exposed pad area. Solder paste should be
applied through an array of squares (or circles) as
shown in Figure 12.
4. The aperture opening for the signal pads should be
between 50−80% of the QFN pad area as shown in
Figure 13.
5. Optionally, for better solder paste release, the
aperture walls should be trapezoidal and the
corners rounded.
6. The fine pitch of the IC leads requires accurate
alignment of the stencil and the printed circuit
board. The stencil and printed circuit assembly
should be aligned to within + 1 mil prior to
application of the solder paste.
7. No−clean flux is recommended since flux from
underneath the thermal pad will be difficult to
clean if water−soluble flux is used.
2. Thermal vias should be used on the PCB thermal
pad (middle ground pad) to improve thermal
conductivity from the device to a copper ground
plane area on the reverse side of the printed circuit
board. The number of vias depends on the package
thermal requirements, as determined by thermal
simulation or actual testing.
3. Increasing the number of vias through the printed
circuit board will improve the thermal
conductivity to the reverse side ground plane and
external heat sink. In general, adding more metal
through the PC board under the IC will improve
operational heat transfer, but will require careful
attention to uniform heating of the board during
assembly.
Assembly Process
Stencil Design & Solder Paste Application
1. Stainless steel stencils are recommended for solder
paste application.
2. A stencil thickness of 0.125 – 0.150 mm
(5 – 6 mils) is recommended for screening.
Figure 12. Solder Paste Application on Exposed Pad
www.onsemi.com
21
AX8052F100
Minimum 50% coverage
62% coverage
Maximum 80% coverage
Figure 13. Solder Paste Application on Pins
REFERENCES
[1] ON Semiconductor AX8052 Programming Manual, see http://www.onsemi.com
[2] ON Semiconductor AX8052 Silicon Errata, see http://www.onsemi.com
DEVICE VERSIONS
The revision of the AX8052 silicon can be determined by the device marking or by reading the SILICONREV register. [2]
documents the differences between silicon revisions.
Table 14. DEVICE VERSIONS
Device Marking
AX8052 Version
SILICONREV
AX8052F100−1
1
0x8E (10001110)
AX8052F100−2
1C
0x8F (10001111)
ON Semiconductor and
are trademarks of Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC dba ON Semiconductor or its subsidiaries in the United States and/or other countries.
ON Semiconductor owns the rights to a number of patents, trademarks, copyrights, trade secrets, and other intellectual property. A listing of ON Semiconductor’s product/patent
coverage may be accessed at www.onsemi.com/site/pdf/Patent−Marking.pdf. ON Semiconductor reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products herein.
ON Semiconductor makes no warranty, representation or guarantee regarding the suitability of its products for any particular purpose, nor does ON Semiconductor assume any liability
arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit, and specifically disclaims any and all liability, including without limitation special, consequential or incidental damages.
Buyer is responsible for its products and applications using ON Semiconductor products, including compliance with all laws, regulations and safety requirements or standards,
regardless of any support or applications information provided by ON Semiconductor. “Typical” parameters which may be provided in ON Semiconductor data sheets and/or
specifications can and do vary in different applications and actual performance may vary over time. All operating parameters, including “Typicals” must be validated for each customer
application by customer’s technical experts. ON Semiconductor does not convey any license under its patent rights nor the rights of others. ON Semiconductor products are not
designed, intended, or authorized for use as a critical component in life support systems or any FDA Class 3 medical devices or medical devices with a same or similar classification
in a foreign jurisdiction or any devices intended for implantation in the human body. Should Buyer purchase or use ON Semiconductor products for any such unintended or unauthorized
application, Buyer shall indemnify and hold ON Semiconductor and its officers, employees, subsidiaries, affiliates, and distributors harmless against all claims, costs, damages, and
expenses, and reasonable attorney fees arising out of, directly or indirectly, any claim of personal injury or death associated with such unintended or unauthorized use, even if such
claim alleges that ON Semiconductor was negligent regarding the design or manufacture of the part. ON Semiconductor is an Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action Employer. This
literature is subject to all applicable copyright laws and is not for resale in any manner.
PUBLICATION ORDERING INFORMATION
LITERATURE FULFILLMENT:
Literature Distribution Center for ON Semiconductor
19521 E. 32nd Pkwy, Aurora, Colorado 80011 USA
Phone: 303−675−2175 or 800−344−3860 Toll Free USA/Canada
Fax: 303−675−2176 or 800−344−3867 Toll Free USA/Canada
Email: [email protected]
N. American Technical Support: 800−282−9855 Toll Free
USA/Canada
Europe, Middle East and Africa Technical Support:
Phone: 421 33 790 2910
Japan Customer Focus Center
Phone: 81−3−5817−1050
www.onsemi.com
22
ON Semiconductor Website: www.onsemi.com
Order Literature: http://www.onsemi.com/orderlit
For additional information, please contact your local
Sales Representative
AX8052F100/D
Similar pages